WO2017177756A1 - 一种信息传递方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

一种信息传递方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017177756A1
WO2017177756A1 PCT/CN2017/073455 CN2017073455W WO2017177756A1 WO 2017177756 A1 WO2017177756 A1 WO 2017177756A1 CN 2017073455 W CN2017073455 W CN 2017073455W WO 2017177756 A1 WO2017177756 A1 WO 2017177756A1
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Prior art keywords
information
identifier
network
node
identifier information
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PCT/CN2017/073455
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张征
吴波
廖婷
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2017177756A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017177756A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/16—Multipoint routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/20—Support for services
    • H04L49/201—Multicast operation; Broadcast operation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to, but is not limited to, the field of communications, and in particular, to an information delivery method, apparatus, and system.
  • Multicast data communication plays an increasingly important role in the current Internet.
  • IPTV Internet-based
  • Network-Meeting Internet-based
  • live broadcast etc. all use multicast technology.
  • the existing multicast technologies include: Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM), Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), and Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol (MLD).
  • PIM Protocol Independent Multicast
  • IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol
  • MLD Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol
  • these existing protocols can meet the needs of users.
  • multicast applications become more widespread and networking forms become more complex, multicast is directly applied to the Internet.
  • the multicast state in the backbone network is too large, which occupies a large amount of control resources and signaling interactions of the intermediate nodes, and cannot well support the development of the widely used virtual private network (VPN) technology.
  • VPN virtual private network
  • Multicast Label Distribution Protocol mLDP
  • P2MP TE Point-to-MultiPoint Traffic Engineering
  • BIER Bit Indexed Explicit Replication
  • BIER Bit Bit
  • the BIER technology is used for multicast forwarding, which removes the multicast status of the network intermediate nodes.
  • the network forwarding can be forwarded only to the corresponding destination node according to the BIER bit string, which simplifies Network control.
  • the BIER bit string information may be a set of eNBs of the egress node of a specific traffic, or a set of BITs of intermediate links through which traffic needs to pass.
  • the nodes participating in the forwarding need to perform bit-by-bit matching and forwarding according to the BIER bit string. Since the bit string identification is valid only in one BIER sub-domain, set identifier and bit string length, BIER optimizes the multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) technology, which can be used to indicate a specific BIER. Subdomain, set identifier, and bit string length.
  • MPLS multi-protocol label switching
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of BIER packet forwarding in the related art.
  • a sub-domain such as sub-domain 1
  • a sub-domain has a forwarding bit length of 256 and identifies 256 nodes.
  • each data packet enters the ingress node, it encapsulates sub-domain information, set identifier and bit string length. After that, it is also required to encapsulate the 256-bit bit string according to the bit string length and the destination egress node set information that the data message needs to reach.
  • the forwarding node (including the ingress node) needs to perform bitwise matching and bit string changing operations according to the 256-bit bit string to implement forwarding to the next hop. In this way, the complicated network structure, a large number of data packets, and the bit string bit-by-bit matching and bit string changing operations performed by the forwarding node for each data message greatly reduce the processing efficiency of the forwarding node.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of forwarding of BIER tag messages in the related art.
  • Figure 2 shows the BIER network that introduces label forwarding, but the label 200 here is only used to refer to a BIER sub-domain, a set identifier, and a bit string length information, such as sub-domain 0, set identifier 1 and The bit string length is 256.
  • each data packet encapsulates the label corresponding to the subfield, set identifier, and bit string length required by the next hop node in addition to the encapsulation bit string.
  • the forwarding node After receiving the data packet, the forwarding node directly locates the forwarding entry corresponding to the sub-domain, the set identifier, and the bit string length according to the information indicated by the label, and then performs bit-by-bit matching on the data packet string.
  • the bit string change operation, and the label information corresponding to the subfield, set identifier, and bit string length required for encapsulating the next hop node, are sent to the next hop node.
  • the next hop node repeats the operation until it forwards to the egress node, and the egress node releases the BIER header and then forwards it out.
  • the optimization of the MPLS technology is performed, the optimization is only used to identify the correspondence between the specific label and the BIER sub-domain, the set identifier, and the bit string length.
  • the node participating in the forwarding still needs to be in the packet header.
  • the BIER bit string is bitwise matched to achieve forwarding to the next hop.
  • the BIER bit string in each data packet header must be matched bit by bit, and the processing efficiency of the forwarding node will be greatly affected, which will affect the network transmission performance of the service.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an information transmission method, apparatus, and system, which can improve network forwarding efficiency, thereby promoting the development of multicast technologies and networks.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an information delivery method, including:
  • the information corresponding to the identifier information comprises: information formed by at least one of an egress node set and a link set;
  • the information composed of the at least one of the egress node set and the link set may include: a bit string set that identifies at least one of the egress node and the link; or, the listed egress node information,
  • the egress node information includes a bit forwarding device identifier (BFR-id) or a bit forwarding device prefix (BFR-Prefix).
  • the identification information may be a collection of single or multiple labels, or other identifiers capable of representing traffic.
  • the information corresponding to the identification information may further include the following information: a sub-domain, a bit string length, and a set flag.
  • the assigning the identification information to the predetermined traffic and determining the information corresponding to the identification information may be completed by the network ingress node or by the controller.
  • the identification information may be assigned to any of the predetermined flows; or the identification information may be assigned to any type of traffic.
  • the set of links may be a set of traffic engineering (TE) link paths or other forms of links.
  • TE traffic engineering
  • the sending the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information to one or more network nodes may include:
  • IGP Interior Gateway Protocol
  • BGP Border Gateway Protocol
  • the information corresponding to the identifier information and the identifier information is sent by the controller to any network node, and the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information are extended by the network node by using IGP extension or BGP extension. Notify to other network nodes.
  • the IGP extension may include an Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol extension or an Intermediate System to Intermediate System (ISIS) protocol extension.
  • OSPF Open Shortest Path First
  • ISIS Intermediate System to Intermediate System
  • the sending, by the controller, the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information to the network node may include: passing, by the controller, a border gateway protocol link state (BGP-LS)
  • BGP-LS border gateway protocol link state
  • NETCONF signaling extension or network configuration protocol
  • the information transfer method may be applied to a bit index based display copy (BIER) network.
  • BIER bit index based display copy
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an information delivery method, including:
  • the network node generates, according to the identifier information that is allocated for the predetermined traffic, the information corresponding to the identifier information, and the network topology of the network node, the forwarding entry corresponding to the identifier information, where the information corresponding to the identifier information includes : information consisting of at least one of an egress node set and a link set;
  • the network node When receiving the traffic carrying the identifier information, the network node forwards the traffic according to the forwarding entry corresponding to the identifier information.
  • the information delivery method may further include: when the predetermined traffic enters the network, the network ingress node encapsulates the identification information allocated to the predetermined traffic. To the predetermined flow rate.
  • the information delivery method may further include: the network node receiving the identifier information sent by the controller and the information corresponding to the identifier information; or the network node receiving the extension by the IGP Or the identifier information of the BGP extension advertisement and the information corresponding to the identifier information.
  • the information transfer method may be applied to a BIER network.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an information delivery apparatus, including:
  • the first processing module is configured to: assign identifier information to the predetermined traffic, and determine information corresponding to the identifier information, where the information corresponding to the identifier information includes: at least one of an egress node set and a link set Information composed
  • the sending module is configured to send the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information to one or more network nodes.
  • the information composed of the at least one of the egress node set and the link set may include: a bit string set that identifies at least one of the egress node and the link; or, the listed egress node information,
  • the egress node information includes a BFR-id or a BFR-Prefix.
  • the information delivery device when the information delivery device is disposed on a network node, the information delivery device may further include: a first receiving module configured to receive identification information that the controller allocates for predetermined traffic, and the determined The information corresponding to the identification information.
  • the sending module is configured to notify the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information to other networks by using IGP extension or BGP extension. node.
  • the sending module is configured to send the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information by using BGP-LS signaling extension or NETCONF Give one or more network nodes.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an information delivery device, which is disposed on a network node, and includes:
  • a second processing module configured to generate, according to the identifier information that is allocated for the predetermined traffic, the information corresponding to the identifier information, and the network topology of the network node where the network node is located, the forwarding entry corresponding to the identifier information, where the identifier information
  • the corresponding information includes: an egress node set and a link set Information consisting of at least one of the elements;
  • the forwarding module is configured to forward the traffic according to the forwarding entry corresponding to the identifier information when receiving the traffic carrying the identifier information.
  • the information delivery apparatus may further include: an encapsulation module configured to encapsulate the identification information allocated to the predetermined traffic when the predetermined traffic enters the network To the predetermined flow rate.
  • the information delivery apparatus may further include: a second receiving module configured to receive the identifier information delivered by the controller and information corresponding to the identifier information; or receive the extension by the IGP or The identification information of the BGP extension advertisement and the information corresponding to the identifier information.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an information delivery system, including: a controller and one or more network nodes;
  • the controller is configured to: assign identifier information to the predetermined traffic, determine information corresponding to the identifier information, and send the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information to one or more network nodes, where
  • the information corresponding to the identifier information includes: information formed by at least one of an egress node set and a link set;
  • the network node that receives the information corresponding to the identifier information and the identifier information is configured to generate the identifier according to the identifier information, the information corresponding to the identifier information, and the network topology of the network node. And forwarding the entry corresponding to the information, and forwarding the traffic according to the forwarding entry corresponding to the identifier information when receiving the traffic carrying the identifier information.
  • the controller when the controller sends the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information to a network node, the information corresponding to the identifier information and the identifier information is received.
  • the network node is further configured to notify the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information to other network nodes by using an IGP extension or a BGP extension.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, which implement the information transfer method of the first aspect when the computer executable instructions are executed.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, which implement the information transfer method of the second aspect when the computer executable instructions are executed.
  • the identifier information is allocated to the predetermined traffic, the information corresponding to the identifier information is determined, and the identifier information and the corresponding information are sent to one or more network nodes, where the identifier
  • the information corresponding to the information includes: information of at least one of the set of the egress node and the set of links; so that the network node can generate the forwarding entry corresponding to the identifier information, and forward the packet according to the forwarding entry.
  • the traffic of the identification information can improve the network forwarding efficiency, thereby promoting the development of the multicast technology and the network.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of BIER packet forwarding in the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of forwarding BIER tag messages in the related art
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an information delivery method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is another flowchart of an information delivery method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of an information delivery method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is another flowchart of an information delivery method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of implementation of an information delivery method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of implementation of an information delivery method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of implementation of an information delivery method according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of implementation of an information delivery method according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of implementation of an information delivery method according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of implementation of an information delivery method according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an information delivery apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is another schematic diagram of an information delivery apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an information delivery system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an information delivery method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the information delivery method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step 301 Allocating identification information to the predetermined traffic, and determining information corresponding to the identifier information, where the information corresponding to the identifier information includes: information formed by at least one of an egress node set and a link set;
  • Step 302 Send the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information to one or more network nodes.
  • the above information transfer method is applied to a BIER network.
  • the information consisting of the at least one of the egress node set and the link set may include: a bit string (BitString) set that identifies at least one of the egress node and the link; or, the listed egress node information, where The egress node information includes a Bit-Forwarding Router identifier (BFR-Prefix) or a Bit-Forwarding Router Prefix (BFR-Prefix).
  • BitString Bit-Forwarding Router identifier
  • BFR-Prefix Bit-Forwarding Router Prefix
  • the identifier information may be a set of single or multiple labels, or other identifiers that can represent traffic.
  • the identification information is a combination of a network ingress node label and a predetermined traffic label, or the identification information is a single label, and the single label can indicate a network ingress node and a predetermined traffic.
  • the information corresponding to the identifier information may further include the following information: a sub-domain, a bit string length, and a set identifier.
  • the allocating the identification information for the predetermined traffic and determining the information corresponding to the identifier information may be completed by the network ingress node or by the controller.
  • the network ingress node assigns identification information to the predetermined traffic, and forms a mapping relationship between the identifier information and the information of at least one of the egress node set and the link set; or the controller allocates the identifier information to the predetermined traffic, and forms the The mapping relationship between the identification information and the information of at least one of the set of egress nodes and the set of links.
  • the identification information may be allocated to any predetermined traffic; or the identification information may be allocated to any type of traffic. That is, the identification information may be assigned to a certain predetermined traffic, or the identification information may be assigned to a certain type of traffic.
  • the link set may be a Traffic Engineering (TE) link path set or other form of link set.
  • TE Traffic Engineering
  • step 302 may include:
  • the information of the identification information and the information corresponding to the identification information is advertised to other network nodes by the network ingress node through an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) extension or an Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) extension; or
  • IGP Interior Gateway Protocol
  • BGP Border Gateway Protocol
  • the information corresponding to the identifier information and the identifier information is sent by the controller to any network node, and the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information are extended by the network node by using IGP extension or BGP extension. Notify to other network nodes.
  • the IGP extension may include: an Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) extension or an Intermediate System to Intermediate System (ISIS) protocol extension.
  • OSPF Open Shortest Path First
  • ISIS Intermediate System to Intermediate System
  • the sending, by the controller, the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information to the network node may include: the border status of the border gateway protocol by the controller (BGP-LS, BGP- The Link State or the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) sends the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information to the network node.
  • Border status of the border gateway protocol by the controller BGP-LS, BGP- The Link State or the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) sends the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information to the network node.
  • FIG. 4 is another flowchart of an information delivery method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, The information delivery method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step 401 The network node generates a forwarding entry corresponding to the identifier information according to the identifier information that is allocated for the predetermined traffic, the information corresponding to the identifier information, and the network topology of the network node.
  • Step 402 The network node forwards the traffic according to the forwarding entry corresponding to the identifier information when receiving the traffic carrying the identifier information.
  • the information corresponding to the identifier information includes information consisting of at least one of an egress node set and a link set.
  • the above information transfer method is applied to a BIER network.
  • the information transmission method of this embodiment may further include: when the predetermined traffic enters the network, the network ingress node encapsulates the identifier information allocated to the predetermined traffic to the Scheduled traffic.
  • the information delivery method of the embodiment may further include: the network node receiving the identifier information sent by the controller and the information corresponding to the identifier information; or the network node receiving the extension by the IGP Or the identifier information of the BGP extension advertisement and the information corresponding to the identifier information.
  • the information transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can implement information transmission based on the BIER technology, directly establish an identifier forwarding channel of the BIER network, and enable the BIER forwarding node to directly forward according to the identification information, thereby greatly improving the forwarding efficiency of the BIER network. It has a good promotion effect on the development of multicast technology and network.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a BIER-based information transmission method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. According to the flow shown in FIG. 5, the control information of the predetermined traffic (including the identification information and the information corresponding thereto) can be transmitted between the BIER forwarding nodes, and the BIER forwarding node generates the forwarding path corresponding to the identification information.
  • the information delivery method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step 501 The BIER network ingress node judges according to the situation of the traffic, and needs to take the label. Identifying the corresponding information of the traffic of the path, and mapping the corresponding egress node set or link set information; where the corresponding bit string is generated according to the set of egress nodes corresponding to the predetermined traffic or the set of TE link paths to be taken information.
  • the identifier information may be a label set formed by a label identifying a label of the network ingress node plus a predetermined traffic, or may be another identifier that can be used to identify the network ingress node and the predetermined traffic.
  • the identified information may represent a specific data traffic, or may be a certain type of data traffic set according to certain principles.
  • the BIER network ingress node directly generates identification information.
  • the identification information may be generated by the controller, and the generated identification information is sent to the BIER network entry node.
  • the egress node set information or the link set information, or the corresponding bit string information generated according to at least one of the egress node set information and the link set information may also be sent by the controller.
  • the information when the information is sent by the controller, the information may be delivered through the BGP-LS related extension, or may be delivered through the NETCONF.
  • Step 502 The BIER network ingress node advertises the identification information, the corresponding egress node set or link set information, and the related sub-domain, set identifier, and bit string length information to other network nodes through IGP or BGP extension.
  • the announcement of the IGP can be performed through the extension of the OSPF protocol or the ISIS protocol.
  • Step 503 The BIER network ingress node encapsulates the BIER header of the data packet, and encapsulates the identifier information corresponding to the traffic, and then forwards the identifier information to the next hop node.
  • FIG. 6 is another flowchart of a BIER-based information transmission method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the path forwarding entry corresponding to the identifier information may be generated according to the received control information of the scheduled traffic.
  • Step 601 The BIER network node performs matching processing according to the received identification information, the corresponding egress node or link set information, or the egress node set or link set included in the bit string information, and performs matching processing according to the local topology to obtain forwarding.
  • the next hop information corresponding to the predetermined traffic identified by the identifier information forms a forwarding entry directly according to the identifier information.
  • Step 602 The BIER network node directly forwards the received data packet carrying the identification information to the next hop according to the forwarding entry corresponding to the formed identification information.
  • the BIER network egress node After receiving the protocol extension information notification, the BIER network egress node forms a forwarding entry that is decapsulated according to the identification information and forwards out the BIER network.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of implementation of an information transmission method based on BIER technology according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • a certain predetermined traffic or a certain type of traffic, is identified by a tag set, and the set of egress nodes that the predetermined traffic needs to reach is converted into bit string information, and the information is combined with Information such as subdomains, set identifiers, and bit string lengths are advertised by means of protocol extensions, and the like.
  • Each BIER network node forms a forwarding entry according to the identification information (tag set). When the data packet is forwarded, the forwarding entry formed by the label set is directly forwarded to the next hop node.
  • the tag 200 corresponding to the ingress node 1 and the tag 50 assigned to the predetermined traffic are collected as identification information (ie, corresponding to two layers of tags).
  • Each network node directly forwards the scheduled traffic to the next hop based on the two-layer label.
  • the extension of protocol signaling includes IGP extension (including OSPF and ISIS protocol extension) or BGP extension.
  • the bit string information may be a path planned in advance, and link bit string information composed of links on the path.
  • the identification information and the corresponding bit string information may be managed and generated by the ingress node or generated by the controller.
  • the controller generates the identification information and the corresponding egress node set or link set (or bit string information, the bit string information is generated according to information of at least one of the egress node set and the link set), and the foregoing information may be
  • the controller is directly sent to each network node, or it can be sent only to the ingress node.
  • the controller sends the identification information and the corresponding egress node set or link set (or bit string information generated according to information of at least one of the egress node set and the link set) to the ingress node. Then, the ingress node advertises through the extension of the protocol signaling of IGP and BGP.
  • the controller directly sends the identification information and the corresponding egress node set or link set by using BGP-LS signaling extension or NETCONF, or according to at least one of the egress node set and the link set.
  • the bit string information generated by the information is given to each network node or entry node.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of implementation of an information transmission method based on BIER technology according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the predetermined traffic or a certain type of traffic, is identified by a special method.
  • a certain type of traffic is identified as ABCDEFG, and the identification information and the corresponding egress node set or chain are notified through signaling.
  • the forwarding node forms a corresponding forwarding entry, and the forwarding node can directly forward the traffic carrying the identifier information to the next hop according to the forwarding entry corresponding to the identifier information.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of implementation of an information transmission method based on BIER technology according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • This embodiment is an implementation example that needs to be delivered through a designated link as a certain or a certain type of predetermined traffic.
  • the specified link 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 is required to reach the required egress node, and the identification information allocated for this type of traffic, and
  • the bit string information composed of the corresponding link information, and related sub-domains, set identifiers, and bit string lengths, etc., can be advertised by BGP extension, so that each network node can be based on the information and the local topology.
  • the forwarding entry corresponding to the identification information is generated.
  • the identifier information may be a combination of single-layer or multi-layer labels, or may be other types of special identifiers.
  • advertisement information In addition to extending the advertisement information through BGP, it can also be advertised through OSPF and ISIS protocol extensions.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of implementation of an information transmission method based on BIER technology according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • the expansion of the type-length-value (TLV, Type, Length, Value)
  • identity information such as tag 1 and tag 2
  • BitString bit string
  • the TLV can be carried and advertised as OSPF protocol, ISIS protocol or BGP as a SUB-TLV.
  • the format here is only for reference. In the actual implementation process, the form of advertising multiple identification information and its corresponding bit string information may be used at one time, and the actual format may be flexible. This embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • the egress node set and the link set may be distinguished by different types of identifiers, or a new tag field may be added to the same type of TLV to distinguish the two modes.
  • the same egress node set or link set may correspond to multiple identifier information, and the multiple identifier information may be simultaneously notified to correspond to the same egress node set or link set (or bit string information).
  • the new egress node or the link set (or the corresponding bit string information) is updated.
  • the TLV is advertised and can be advertised and advertised through the OSPF protocol, the ISIS protocol, and the BGP.
  • the received node processes the topology according to the topology of the node, and increases or decreases the corresponding information in the forwarding entry. One jump.
  • the type TLV may be newly defined, or the identifier information may be added to the original type TLV to indicate that the identifier information needs to be deleted.
  • each node After being advertised by the protocol signaling, each node deletes the local forwarding entry formed according to the identification information.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of implementation of a BIER-based information transmission method according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • the stream when the network is highly controllable, the stream can be distinguished by a single layer label (such as the label x), and sent to the node by using the same TLV format, and the node completes the formation of the forwarding table.
  • the forwarding is completed directly according to the forwarding table formed in advance, and the bit string matching operation is not required.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of implementation of an information transmission method based on BIER technology according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • the controller sends the identifier information and its corresponding egress node or link set (or bit string information) to the ingress node according to the information in the network, or a specified section.
  • the node advertises the identification information and its corresponding information to other nodes in the network through OSPF protocol, ISIS protocol or BGP extension. Then, each node forms a forwarding entry corresponding to the identification information according to the received information and the local topology.
  • the node When receiving the data packet with the identification information, the node directly forwards the data packet to the next hop node without performing a bit. String lookup and matching operations.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention implements information transmission based on the BIER technology, and the node can directly forward the data packet to the next hop node according to the forwarding entry corresponding to the pre-established identification information. There is no need to match the bit string. In this way, the transmission efficiency of the BIER network is greatly improved, and the development of the network is well promoted.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an information transmission apparatus, including:
  • the first processing module 701 is configured to: assign identifier information to the predetermined traffic, and determine information corresponding to the identifier information, where the information corresponding to the identifier information includes: at least one of an egress node set and a link set. Information composed;
  • the sending module 702 is configured to send the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information to one or more network nodes.
  • the information consisting of the at least one of the egress node set and the link set may include: a bit string set that identifies at least one of the egress node and the link; or, the listed egress node information, where the egress The node information includes a bit forwarding device identifier (BFR-id) or a bit forwarding device prefix (BFR-Prefix).
  • BFR-id bit forwarding device identifier
  • BFR-Prefix bit forwarding device prefix
  • the information delivery device when the information delivery device is disposed on a network node, the information delivery device may further include: a first receiving module 703 configured to receive the controller for the predetermined traffic distribution. Identification information and information corresponding to the identified identification information.
  • the sending module 702 is configured to notify the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information to other information by using an IGP extension or a BGP extension. Network node.
  • the sending module 702 is configured to extend the identification information by using BGP-LS signaling extension or NETCONF.
  • the information corresponding to the identification information is sent to one or more network nodes.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an information transmission apparatus, which is disposed on a network node, and includes:
  • the second processing module 801 is configured to generate, according to the identifier information that is allocated for the predetermined traffic, the information corresponding to the identifier information, and the network topology of the network node where the network node is located, the forwarding entry corresponding to the identifier information, where the identifier
  • the information corresponding to the information includes: information composed of at least one of an egress node set and a link set;
  • the forwarding module 802 is configured to forward the traffic according to the forwarding entry corresponding to the identifier information when receiving the traffic carrying the identifier information.
  • the information delivery apparatus may further include: an encapsulation module configured to encapsulate the identification information allocated to the predetermined traffic when the predetermined traffic enters the network To the predetermined flow rate.
  • the information delivery apparatus may further include: a second receiving module 800 configured to receive the identifier information sent by the controller and information corresponding to the identifier information; or, the receiving is extended by the IGP Or the identifier information of the BGP extension advertisement and the information corresponding to the identifier information.
  • a second receiving module 800 configured to receive the identifier information sent by the controller and information corresponding to the identifier information; or, the receiving is extended by the IGP Or the identifier information of the BGP extension advertisement and the information corresponding to the identifier information.
  • the first processing module, the second processing module, and the encapsulating module are, for example, components having information processing capability, such as a processor, and the transmitting module and the forwarding module are, for example, a communication component having an information transmitting capability, such as a transmitter.
  • the first receiving module and the second receiving module are, for example, communication elements having information receiving capabilities such as receivers.
  • this application is not limited thereto.
  • the functions of each of the above modules may also be implemented by a processor executing a program/instruction stored in a memory.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an information delivery system, including: a controller 900 and one or more network nodes (such as network nodes 1 to n, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1);
  • the controller 900 is configured to: assign identifier information to a predetermined traffic, determine information corresponding to the identifier information, and send the identifier information and information corresponding to the identifier information to one or more network nodes,
  • the information corresponding to the identifier information includes: information formed by at least one of an egress node set and a link set;
  • the controller 900 sends the information corresponding to the identifier information and the identifier information to a network node
  • the network node that receives the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information, It is further configured to notify the identifier information and the information corresponding to the identifier information to other network nodes by using an IGP extension or a BGP extension.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, the information transmission method of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is implemented.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, the information transmission method of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is implemented.
  • computer storage medium includes volatile and nonvolatile, implemented in any method or technology for storing information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Sex, removable and non-removable media.
  • Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridge, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or may Any other medium used to store the desired information and that can be accessed by the computer.
  • communication media typically comprise computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or such as carrier waves or other Other data in the modulated data signal, such as a transmission mechanism, and can include any information delivery medium.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method, an apparatus, and a system for transmitting information, which can improve network forwarding efficiency, thereby facilitating the development of multicast technologies and networks. Moreover, information transmission based on BIER technology can be realized, and the identification forwarding channel of the BIER network can be directly established, so that the BIER forwarding node directly forwards according to the identification information, which greatly improves the forwarding efficiency of the BIER network, and the development of the multicast technology and the network are both Has a good promotion.

Abstract

本文公开了一种信息传递方法、装置及系统，上述信息传递方法包括：为预定流量分配标识信息，并确定所述标识信息所对应的信息，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息；将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点。

Description

一种信息传递方法、装置及系统 技术领域
本申请涉及但不限于通信领域，尤其涉及一种信息传递方法、装置及系统。
背景技术
组播数据通信在现在的互联网发挥着越来越重要的作用，交互式网络电视(IPTV，Interactive Personality TV)、网络会议(Net-Meeting)、赛况直播等都使用到了组播技术。已有的组播技术包括：协议无关组播(PIM，Protocol Independent Multicast)、互联网组管理协议(IGMP，Internet Group Management Protocol)、组播侦听发现协议(MLD，Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol)等。在最初的小型应用场景下，已有的这些协议可以满足用户的需求，但随着组播应用越来越广泛，组网形式越来越复杂，组播直接应用在互联网络中，往往会由于骨干网络中的组播状态过多，占用中间节点的大量控制资源及信令交互，并且不能很好地支持现在广泛应用的虚拟专用网络(VPN，Virtual Private Network)技术发展。由此现在的发展方向，倾向于骨干网络中并不运行传统的组播协议，而是依靠其他技术来完成组播流量的传输。能够解决这些问题的相关技术有：组播标签分发协议(mLDP，Multicast Label Distribution Protocol)技术、点对多点流量工程(P2MP TE，Point-to-MultiPoint Traffic Engineering)技术、基于位索引显示复制(BIER，Bit Indexed Explicit Replication)技术等。
BIER技术的核心思想是：将网络中的节点都只用一个位(BIT)来表示，组播流量在中间网络传输，不是以组播网络协议(IP，Internet Protocol)包形式呈现，而是封装一个特定的BIER头(header)，这个报文头以BIT的形式标注了该组播流的所有目的节点，中间网络根据BIT进行路由，保障流量能够发送到所有目的节点。
使用BIER技术进行组播的转发，去除了网络中间节点的组播状态，网络的转发可仅根据BIER位串进行转发就能到达相对应的目的节点，简化了 网络的控制。BIER位串信息可以是特定流量的出口节点BIT集合，也可以是流量需要经过的中间链路的BIT集合。参与转发的节点都需要根据BIER位串进行逐位的匹配并进行转发。由于位串标识仅在一个BIER子域、集标识和位串长度内有效，因此，BIER优化适配了多协议标签交换(MPLS，Multi-Protocol Label Switching)技术，可以借助标签来表示特定的BIER子域、集标识和位串长度。
图1为相关技术中BIER报文转发的示意图。假设一个BIER网络，某个子域(如子域1)的转发位串长度为256，标识256个节点，则每一个数据报文在进入入口节点时，封装子域信息、集标识和位串长度后，还需要根据位串长度以及该数据报文需要到达的目的出口节点集合信息，封装成256位的位串。转发节点(包括入口节点在内)对于每一个数据报文，都需要根据256位的位串进行逐位匹配和位串变化操作，实现去往下一跳的转发。如此，复杂化的网络结构、数量庞大的数据报文以及转发节点对于每一个数据报文所进行的位串逐位匹配和位串变化操作，都会极大地降低转发节点的处理效率。
图2为相关技术中BIER标签报文转发的示意图。图2所示为引入标签转发的BIER网络，但这里的标签200，仅仅用来指代某个BIER子域、某个集标识和某个位串长度信息，例如子域0、集标识1和位串长度256。每一个数据报文在进入入口节点时，除了封装位串外，还要封装下一跳节点所需要的子域、集标识和位串长度所对应的标签。转发节点在收到数据报文后，根据标签所指代的信息，直接定位到子域、集标识和位串长度所对应的转发表项，然后再对数据报文位串进行逐位匹配和位串变化操作，以及封装下一跳节点所需要的子域、集标识和位串长度所对应的标签信息，发送到下一跳节点。下一跳节点重复该操作直至转发到出口节点，由出口节点解除BIER头封装后转发出去。
由此可以看出，虽然进行了MPLS技术的优化，但此优化仅仅用来标识特定标签与BIER子域、集标识和位串长度的对应关系，参与转发的节点仍然需要对报文头中的BIER位串进行逐位匹配来实现到下一跳的转发。在复杂网络、或者位串位数过多、或者数据报文众多的情况下，或者处理器性能 的限制下，对每个数据报文头中的BIER位串都要进行逐位匹配，转发节点的处理效率会受到极大影响，从而会影响业务的网络传输效能。
发明概述
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本发明实施例提供一种信息传递方法、装置及系统，能够改善网络转发效率，从而促进组播技术和网络的发展。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供一种信息传递方法，包括：
为预定流量分配标识信息，并确定所述标识信息所对应的信息，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息；
将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点。
在示例性实施方式中，所述出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息可以包括：标识出口节点和链路中至少一项的位串集合；或者，罗列的出口节点信息，其中，所述出口节点信息包括位转发设备标识符(BFR-id)或者位转发设备前缀(BFR-Prefix)。
在示例性实施方式中，所述标识信息可以为单个或多个标签组成的集合，或者为其他能够表示流量的标识。
在示例性实施方式中，所述标识信息所对应的信息还可以包括以下信息：子域、位串长度以及集标记。
在示例性实施方式中，所述为预定流量分配标识信息并确定所述标识信息所对应的信息可以由网络入口节点完成或者由控制器完成。
在示例性实施方式中，所述标识信息可以是给任一条预定流量分配的；或者，所述标识信息可以是给任一类流量分配的。
在示例性实施方式中，所述链路集合可以为流量工程(TE)链路路径集合或者其他形式的链路集合。
在示例性实施方式中，所述将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点，可以包括：
由网络入口节点通过内部网关协议(IGP)扩展或者边界网关协议(BGP)扩展将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息通告给其他网络节点；或者，
由控制器将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息下发到每个网络节点；或者，
由控制器将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息下发给任一个网络节点，由所述网络节点通过IGP扩展或者BGP扩展将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息通告给其他网络节点。
在示例性实施方式中，所述IGP扩展可以包括：开放式最短路径优先(OSPF)协议扩展或者中间系统到中间系统(ISIS)协议扩展。
在示例性实施方式中，所述由控制器将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给网络节点可以包括：由所述控制器通过边界网关协议链路状态(BGP-LS)信令扩展或者网络配置协议(NETCONF)将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给网络节点。
在示例性实施方式中，所述信息传递方法可以应用于基于位索引显示复制(BIER)网络。
第二方面，本发明实施例还提供一种信息传递方法，包括：
网络节点根据为预定流量分配的标识信息、所述标识信息所对应的信息以及本网络节点的网络拓扑情况，生成所述标识信息对应的转发表项，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息；
所述网络节点在收到携带有所述标识信息的流量时，根据所述标识信息对应的转发表项，转发所述流量。
在示例性实施方式中，当所述网络节点为网络入口节点时，所述信息传递方法还可以包括：在预定流量进入网络时，所述网络入口节点将给所述预定流量分配的标识信息封装至所述预定流量。
在示例性实施方式中，所述信息传递方法还可以包括：所述网络节点接收控制器下发的所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息；或者，所述网络节点接收通过IGP扩展或者BGP扩展通告的所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息。
在示例性实施方式中，所述信息传递方法可以应用于BIER网络。
第三方面，本发明实施例还提供一种信息传递装置，包括：
第一处理模块，配置为：为预定流量分配标识信息，并确定所述标识信息所对应的信息，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息；
发送模块，配置为将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点。
在示例性实施方式中，所述出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息可以包括：标识出口节点和链路中至少一项的位串集合；或者，罗列的出口节点信息，其中，所述出口节点信息包括BFR-id或者BFR-Prefix。
在示例性实施方式中，当所述信息传递装置设置于网络节点时，所述信息传递装置还可以包括：第一接收模块，配置为接收控制器为预定流量分配的标识信息以及确定的所述标识信息所对应的信息。
在示例性实施方式中，当所述信息传递装置设置于网络节点时，所述发送模块，配置为通过IGP扩展或者BGP扩展将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息通告给其他网络节点。
在示例性实施方式中，当所述信息传递装置设置于控制器时，所述发送模块，配置为通过BGP-LS信令扩展或者NETCONF将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点。
第四方面，本发明实施例还提供一种信息传递装置，设置于网络节点，包括：
第二处理模块，配置为根据为预定流量分配的标识信息、所述标识信息所对应的信息以及所在网络节点的网络拓扑情况，生成所述标识信息对应的转发表项，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集 合中至少一项所组成的信息；
转发模块，配置为在收到携带有所述标识信息的流量时，根据所述标识信息对应的转发表项，转发所述流量。
在示例性实施方式中，当所述网络节点为网络入口节点时，所述信息传递装置还可以包括：封装模块，配置为在预定流量进入网络时，将给所述预定流量分配的标识信息封装至所述预定流量。
在示例性实施方式中，所述信息传递装置还可以包括：第二接收模块，配置为接收控制器下发的所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息；或者，接收通过IGP扩展或者BGP扩展通告的所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息。
第五方面，本发明实施例还提供一种信息传递系统，包括：控制器以及一个或多个网络节点；
所述控制器，配置为：为预定流量分配标识信息，确定所述标识信息所对应的信息，并将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息；
所述接收到所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息的网络节点，配置为根据所述标识信息、所述标识信息所对应的信息以及本网络节点的网络拓扑情况，生成所述标识信息对应的转发表项，并在收到携带有所述标识信息的流量时，根据所述标识信息对应的转发表项，转发所述流量。
在示例性实施方式中，当所述控制器将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个网络节点时，所述接收到所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息的网络节点，还配置为通过IGP扩展或者BGP扩展将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息通告给其他网络节点。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现第一方面的信息传递方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现第二方面的信息传递方法。
在本发明实施例中，为预定流量分配标识信息，确定所述标识信息所对应的信息，并将所述标识信息及其所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息；如此，使得网络节点可以生成所述标识信息对应的转发表项，并根据该转发表项转发携带有所述标识信息的流量。通过本发明实施例提供的技术方案，能够改善网络转发效率，从而促进组播技术和网络的发展。通过本发明实施例提供的方案，可以实现基于BIER技术的信息传递，直接建立BIER网络的标识转发通道，使BIER转发节点直接根据标识信息进行转发，极大地提高了BIER网络的转发效率，对组播技术和网络的发展都具有良好的促进作用。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
图1为相关技术中BIER报文转发的示意图；
图2为相关技术中BIER标签报文转发的示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的信息传递方法的流程图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的信息传递方法的另一流程图；
图5为本发明实施例一提供的信息传递方法的流程图；
图6为本发明实施例一提供的信息传递方法的另一流程图；
图7为本发明实施例二提供的信息传递方法的实施示意图；
图8为本发明实施例三提供的信息传递方法的实施示意图；
图9为本发明实施例四提供的信息传递方法的实施示意图；
图10为本发明实施例五提供的信息传递方法的实施示意图；
图11为本发明实施例六提供的信息传递方法的实施示意图；
图12为本发明实施例七提供的信息传递方法的实施示意图；
图13为本发明实施例提供的信息传递装置的示意图；
图14为本发明实施例提供的信息传递装置的另一示意图；
图15为本发明实施例提供的信息传递系统的示意图。
详述
以下结合附图对本发明实施例进行详细说明，应当理解，以下所说明的实施例仅用于说明和解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在附图的流程图示出的步骤可以在诸如一组计算机可执行指令的计算机系统中执行。并且，虽然在流程图中示出了逻辑顺序，但是在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤。
图3为本发明实施例提供的信息传递方法的流程图。如图3所示，本实施例提供的信息传递方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤301：为预定流量分配标识信息，并确定所述标识信息所对应的信息，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息；
步骤302：将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点。
于本实施例中，上述信息传递方法应用于BIER网络。
其中，所述出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息可以包括：标识出口节点和链路中至少一项的位串(BitString)集合；或者，罗列的出口节点信息，其中，所述出口节点信息包括位转发设备标识符(BFR-id，Bit-Forwarding Router identifier)或者位转发设备前缀(BFR-Prefix，Bit-Forwarding Router prefix)。
其中，所述标识信息可以为单个或多个标签组成的集合，或者为其他能够表示流量的标识。例如，所述标识信息为网络入口节点标签和预定流量标签的组合，或者，所述标识信息为单个标签，且该单个标签能够指示网络入口节点以及预定流量。
其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息还可以包括以下信息：子域(Sub-domain)、位串长度(Bitstring length)以及集标记(Set Identifier)。
其中，所述为预定流量分配标识信息并确定所述标识信息所对应的信息可以由网络入口节点完成或者由控制器完成。例如，网络入口节点为预定流量分配标识信息，并形成该标识信息与出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成信息的映射关系；或者，控制器为预定流量分配标识信息，并形成该标识信息与出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成信息的映射关系。
其中，所述标识信息可以是给任一条预定流量分配的；或者，所述标识信息可以是给任一类流量分配的。即，可以为某一条预定流量分配标识信息，也可以为某一类流量分配标识信息。
其中，所述链路集合可以为流量工程(TE，Traffic Engineering)链路路径集合或者其他形式的链路集合。
在示例性实施方式中，步骤302可以包括：
由网络入口节点通过内部网关协议(IGP，Interior Gateway Protocol)扩展或者边界网关协议(BGP，Border Gateway Protocol)扩展将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息通告给其他网络节点；或者，
由控制器将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息下发到每个网络节点；或者，
由控制器将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息下发给任一个网络节点，由所述网络节点通过IGP扩展或者BGP扩展将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息通告给其他网络节点。
其中，所述IGP扩展可以包括：开放式最短路径优先(OSPF，Open Shortest Path First)协议扩展或者中间系统到中间系统(ISIS，Intermediate System to Intermediate System)协议扩展。
其中，所述由控制器将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给所述网络节点，可以包括：由所述控制器通过边界网关协议链路状态(BGP-LS，BGP-Link State)信令扩展或者网络配置协议(NETCONF，Network Configuration Protocol)将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给所述网络节点。
图4为本发明实施例提供的信息传递方法的另一流程图。如图4所示， 本实施例提供的信息传递方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤401：网络节点根据为预定流量分配的标识信息、所述标识信息所对应的信息以及本网络节点的网络拓扑情况，生成所述标识信息对应的转发表项；
步骤402：所述网络节点在收到携带有所述标识信息的流量时，根据所述标识信息对应的转发表项，转发所述流量。
其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息。
于本实施例中，上述信息传递方法应用于BIER网络。
其中，当所述网络节点为网络入口节点时，本实施例的信息传递方法还可以包括：在预定流量进入网络时，所述网络入口节点将给所述预定流量分配的标识信息封装至所述预定流量。
在步骤401之前，本实施例的信息传递方法还可以包括：所述网络节点接收控制器下发的所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息；或者，所述网络节点接收通过IGP扩展或者BGP扩展通告的所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息。
通过本发明实施例提供的信息传递方法，可以实现基于BIER技术的信息传递，直接建立BIER网络的标识转发通道，使BIER转发节点直接根据标识信息进行转发，极大地提高了BIER网络的转发效率，对组播技术和网络的发展都具有良好的促进作用。
以下通过多个实施例进行说明。
实施例一
图5为本发明实施例一提供的基于BIER技术的信息传递方法的流程图。根据图5所示流程能够将预定流量的控制信息(包括标识信息及其所对应的信息)在BIER转发节点之间进行传递，起到BIER转发节点生成与标识信息对应的转发路径的目的。
如图5所示，本实施例提供的信息传递方法包括以下步骤：
步骤501：BIER网络入口节点根据流量的情况进行判断，为需要走标签 标识路径的流量分配对应的标识信息，并映射对应的出口节点集合或者链路集合信息；于此，根据预定流量对应的出口节点集合，或者想走的TE链路路径集合，生成对应的位串信息。
其中，标识信息可以为标识网络入口节点的标签加上预定流量的标签所组成的标签集合，也可以是其他形式的能够用来标识网络入口节点以及预定流量的标识。
其中，被标识信息所代表的可以是某条具体的数据流量，也可以是依据某些原则所划分的某一类数据流量集合。
本实施例中，BIER网络入口节点直接生成标识信息。然而，本申请并不限定于此。于其他实施例中，可以由控制器生成标识信息，并将生成的标识信息下发到BIER网络入口节点。另外，出口节点集合信息或者链路集合信息，或者根据出口节点集合信息和链路集合信息中至少一项生成的对应的位串信息，也可以由控制器来进行下发。在示例性实施方式中，控制器下发信息时，可以通过BGP-LS相关扩展进行下发，也可以通过NETCONF等方式进行下发。
步骤502：BIER网络入口节点将标识信息，对应的出口节点集合或者链路集合信息，以及相关的子域、集标识、位串长度信息，通过IGP或者BGP扩展，通告到其他网络节点。
其中，IGP的通告，可以通过OSPF协议或者ISIS协议的扩展来进行。
步骤503：BIER网络入口节点对数据报文进行例行的BIER头封装后，封装该流量所对应的标识信息，然后转发给下一跳节点。
图6为本发明实施例一提供的基于BIER技术的信息传递方法的另一流程图。通过图6所示流程，可以根据收到的预定流量的控制信息，生成标识信息对应的路径转发表项。
步骤601：BIER网络节点根据收到的标识信息、对应的出口节点或者链路集合信息，或者位串信息中所包含的出口节点集合或者链路集合，结合本地的拓扑进行匹配处理，得出转发该标识信息标识的预定流量所对应的下一跳信息，形成直接根据标识信息的转发表项。
步骤602：BIER网络节点根据形成的标识信息对应的转发表项，对收到的携带该标识信息的数据报文直接进行去往下一跳的转发。
其中，BIER网络出口节点在收到协议扩展信息通告后，形成根据标识信息进行解封装，并转发出BIER网络的转发表项。
实施例二
图7为本发明实施例二提供的基于BIER技术的信息传递方法的实施示意图。于本实施例中，将某一条预定流量，或者某一类的流量，用标签集合的形式来进行标识，将预定流量所需要达到的出口节点集合，转换成位串信息，并将这些信息与子域、集标识和位串长度等信息通过协议扩展等方式进行通告。每个BIER网络节点根据标识信息(标签集合)形成转发表项。当数据报文进行转发时，直接通过标签集合所形成的转发表项转发到下一跳节点。比如这里将入口节点1所对应的标签200以及给预定流量所分配的标签50集合起来作为标识信息(即，对应两层标签)。每个网络节点基于该两层标签直接转发预定流量到下一跳。
其中，协议信令的扩展包括IGP扩展(包括OSPF和ISIS协议扩展)或者BGP扩展。
其中，位串信息可以是事先规划好的一条路径，由该路径上的链路所组成的链路位串信息。
其中，标识信息和对应的位串信息，可以由入口节点管理和生成，或者由控制器生成。
其中，由控制器生成标识信息和对应的出口节点集合或者链路集合(或者位串信息，所述位串信息根据出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项的信息生成)，上述信息可以由控制器直接下发给每个网络节点，也可以只下发给入口节点。
在示例性实施方式中，控制器将标识信息和对应的出口节点集合或者链路集合(或者根据出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项的信息生成的位串信息)，下发给入口节点，再由入口节点通过IGP和BGP的协议信令的扩展进行通告。
在示例性实施方式中，控制器通过BGP-LS信令扩展或者NETCONF等方式直接下发标识信息和对应的出口节点集合或者链路集合(或者根据出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项的信息生成的位串信息)给每个网络节点或者入口节点。
实施例三
图8为本发明实施例三提供的基于BIER技术的信息传递方法的实施示意图。于本实施例中，对预定流量，或者某一类的流量，用特殊的方法进行标识，比如这里将某一类的流量标识为ABCDEFG，通过信令通告标识信息和对应的出口节点集合或者链路集合(或者根据出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项的信息生成的位串信息)，或者控制器下发标识信息和对应的出口节点集合或者链路集合(或者根据出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项的信息生成的位串信息)后，转发节点形成对应的转发表项，转发节点可以直接根据该标识信息对应的转发表项将携带该标识信息的流量转发到下一跳。
实施例四
图9为本发明实施例四提供的基于BIER技术的信息传递方法的实施示意图。本实施例作为某一条或者某一类预定流量，需要经过指定链路传递的实施示例。比如某一类流量，需要经过指定的链路1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10到达所需要的出口节点，为这一类流量所分配的标识信息，以及对应的链路信息所组成的位串信息，以及相关的子域、集标识和位串长度等信息，都可以通过BGP扩展进行通告，从而使得每个网络节点根据该些信息及本地的拓扑情况，生成标识信息所对应的转发表项。
其中，标识信息可以是单层或者多层标签的结合，也可以是其他形式的特殊标识。
其中，除了通过BGP扩展通告信息，还可以通过OSPF和ISIS协议扩展进行通告。
实施例五
图10为本发明实施例五提供的基于BIER技术的信息传递方法的实施示意图。于本实施例中，以类型-长度-值(TLV，Type，Length，Value)的扩 展方式来传递标识信息(如标签1和标签2)和对应的位串(BitString)信息。该TLV可以作为SUB-TLV的方式被OSPF协议、ISIS协议或BGP携带并通告。这里的格式仅仅作为参考，在实际实施过程中，还可以采用一次通告多个标识信息及其对应的位串信息的形式，实际的格式可以灵活多变。本实施例对此并不限定。
其中，出口节点集合和链路集合，可以以不同的类型标识来进行区分，也可以在同类型TLV中新增一个标记字段来区分两种方式。
其中，也可能相同的出口节点集合或者链路集合对应多个标识信息，可以同时通告多个标识信息对应同样的出口节点集合或者链路集合(或者位串信息)。
其中，当网络情况发生变化，某一条或者某一类的流所对应的出口节点集合或者链路集合发生了变化时，将新的出口节点或者链路集合(或者对应的位串信息)，更新TLV并进行通告，同样可以通过OSPF协议、ISIS协议和BGP携带并通告，收到的节点在处理时，根据本节点的拓扑情况进行处理，增加或者减少转发表项中该标识信息所对应的下一跳。
其中，当某个标识信息需要被删除时，可以新定义类型TLV，或者在原类型TLV中增加标识信息表明该条标识信息需要被删除。通过协议信令通告后，每个节点删除本地已有的根据标识信息所形成的转发表项。
实施例六
图11为本发明实施六提供的基于BIER技术的信息传递方法的实施示意图。于本实施例中，在网络控制性较强时，可以以单层标签(如标签x)来进行流的区分，通过同样的TLV格式下发到节点上，由节点完成转发表的形成。如此，在后续的具有该层标签的流经过节点时，直接根据事先形成的转发表完成转发，无需进行位串的匹配操作。
实施例七
图12为本发明实施例七提供的基于BIER技术的信息传递方法的实施示意图。于本实施例中，控制器根据网络中的信息，下发标识信息及其对应的出口节点或链路集合(或位串等信息)到入口节点上，或者是指定的某个节 点上，由这个节点通过OSPF协议、ISIS协议或者BGP扩展，将标识信息及其对应的信息通告到网络中的其他节点。然后，每个节点根据收到的信息以及本地的拓扑情况形成标识信息所对应的转发表项，在收到具有标识信息的数据报文时直接转发数据报文到下一跳节点，无需进行位串的查找和匹配操作。
上述多个实施例可以单个实施，也可以自由组合实施。通过上述多个实施例可知，本发明实施例提供的方案实现了基于BIER技术的信息传递，节点能够根据预先建立的标识信息对应的转发表项，直接转发数据报文到下一跳节点，而无需进行位串的匹配操作。如此，极大地提高了BIER网络的传输效率，对网络的发展都有良好的促进作用。
此外，如图13所示，本发明实施例还提供一种信息传递装置，包括：
第一处理模块701，配置为：为预定流量分配标识信息，并确定所述标识信息所对应的信息，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息；
发送模块702，配置为将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点。
其中，所述出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息可以包括：标识出口节点和链路中至少一项的位串集合；或者，罗列的出口节点信息，其中，所述出口节点信息包括位转发设备标识符(BFR-id)或者位转发设备前缀(BFR-Prefix)。
在示例性实施方式中，如图13所示，当所述信息传递装置设置于网络节点时，所述信息传递装置还可以包括：第一接收模块703，配置为接收控制器为预定流量分配的标识信息以及确定的所述标识信息所对应的信息。
在示例性实施方式中，当所述信息传递装置设置于网络节点时，所述发送模块702，配置为通过IGP扩展或者BGP扩展将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息通告给其他网络节点。
在示例性实施方式中，当所述信息传递装置设置于控制器时，所述发送模块702，配置为通过BGP-LS信令扩展或者NETCONF将所述标识信息及 所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点。
如图14所示，本发明实施例还提供一种信息传递装置，设置于网络节点，包括：
第二处理模块801，配置为根据为预定流量分配的标识信息、所述标识信息所对应的信息以及所在网络节点的网络拓扑情况，生成所述标识信息对应的转发表项，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息；
转发模块802，配置为在收到携带有所述标识信息的流量时，根据所述标识信息对应的转发表项，转发所述流量。
在示例性实施方式中，当所述网络节点为网络入口节点时，所述信息传递装置还可以包括：封装模块，配置为在预定流量进入网络时，将给所述预定流量分配的标识信息封装至所述预定流量。
在示例性实施方式中，所述信息传递装置还可以包括：第二接收模块800，配置为接收控制器下发的所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息；或者，接收通过IGP扩展或者BGP扩展通告的所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息。
于实际应用中，上述第一处理模块、第二处理模块、封装模块例如为处理器等具有信息处理能力的元件，上述发送模块、转发模块例如为发射器等具有信息发射能力的通信元件，上述第一接收模块、第二接收模块例如为接收器等具有信息接收能力的通信元件。然而，本申请对此并不限定。上述各模块的功能还可以通过处理器执行存储于存储器中的程序/指令来实现。
如图15所示，本发明实施例还提供一种信息传递系统，包括：控制器900以及一个或多个网络节点(如网络节点1～n，n为大于或等于1的整数)；
所述控制器900，配置为：为预定流量分配标识信息，确定所述标识信息所对应的信息，并将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息；
所述接收到所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息的网络节点，配 置为根据所述标识信息、所述标识信息所对应的信息以及本网络节点的网络拓扑情况，生成所述标识信息对应的转发表项，并在收到携带有所述标识信息的流量时，根据所述标识信息对应的转发表项，转发所述流量。
其中，当所述控制器900将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个网络节点时，所述接收到所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息的网络节点，还配置为通过IGP扩展或者BGP扩展将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息通告给其他网络节点。
关于上述装置及系统的相关处理流程同上述方法实施例所述，故于此不再赘述。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现图3所示实施例的信息传递方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现图4所示实施例的信息传递方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解，上文中所公开方法中的全部或某些步骤、系统、装置中的功能模块/单元可以被实施为软件、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。在硬件实施方式中，在以上描述中提及的功能模块/单元之间的划分不一定对应于物理单元的划分；例如，一个物理组件可以具有多个功能，或者一个功能或步骤可以由若干物理组件合作执行。某些组件或所有组件可以被实施为由处理器，如数字信号处理器或微处理器执行的软件，或者被实施为硬件，或者被实施为集成电路，如专用集成电路。这样的软件可以分布在计算机可读介质上，计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质(或非暂时性介质)和通信介质(或暂时性介质)。如本领域普通技术人员公知的，术语计算机存储介质包括在用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其他数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于RAM、ROM、EEPROM、闪存或其他存储器技术、CD-ROM、数字多功能盘(DVD)或其他光盘存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其他磁存储装置、或者可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其他的介质。此外，本领域普通技术人员公知的是，通信介质通常包含计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或者诸如载波或其他 传输机制之类的调制数据信号中的其他数据，并且可包括任何信息递送介质。
以上显示和描述了本申请的基本原理和主要特征和本申请的优点。本申请不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本申请的原理，在不脱离本申请精神和范围的前提下，本申请还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本申请范围内。
工业实用性
本申请实施例提供一种信息传递方法、装置及系统，能够改善网络转发效率，从而促进组播技术和网络的发展。而且，可以实现基于BIER技术的信息传递，直接建立BIER网络的标识转发通道，使BIER转发节点直接根据标识信息进行转发，极大地提高了BIER网络的转发效率，对组播技术和网络的发展都具有良好的促进作用。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种信息传递方法，包括：
    为预定流量分配标识信息，并确定所述标识信息所对应的信息，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合、链路集合、或者出口节点集合和链路集合所组成的信息；
    将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的信息传递方法，其中，所述出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息包括：标识出口节点和链路中至少一项的位串集合；或者，罗列的出口节点信息，其中，所述出口节点信息包括位转发设备标识符BFR-id或者位转发设备前缀BFR-Prefix。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的信息传递方法，其中，所述标识信息为单个或多个标签组成的集合，或者为其他能够表示流量的标识。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的信息传递方法，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息还包括以下信息：子域、位串长度以及集标记。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的信息传递方法，其中，所述为预定流量分配标识信息并确定所述标识信息所对应的信息由网络入口节点完成或者由控制器完成。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的信息传递方法，其中，所述标识信息是给任一条预定流量分配的；或者，所述标识信息是给任一类流量分配的。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的信息传递方法，其中，所述链路集合为流量工程TE链路路径集合或者其他形式的链路集合。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的信息传递方法，其中，所述将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点，包括：
    由网络入口节点通过内部网关协议IGP扩展或者边界网关协议BGP扩展将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息通告给其他网络节点；或者，
    由控制器将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息下发到每个网络 节点；或者，
    由控制器将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息下发给任一个网络节点，由所述网络节点通过IGP扩展或者BGP扩展将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息通告给其他网络节点。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的信息传递方法，其中，所述IGP扩展包括：开放式最短路径优先OSPF协议扩展或者中间系统到中间系统ISIS协议扩展。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的信息传递方法，其中，所述由控制器将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给所述网络节点，包括：由所述控制器通过边界网关协议链路状态BGP-LS信令扩展或者网络配置协议NETCONF将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给所述网络节点。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10任一项所述的信息传递方法，其中，所述信息传递方法应用于基于位索引显示复制BIER网络。
  12. 一种信息传递方法，包括：
    网络节点根据为预定流量分配的标识信息、所述标识信息所对应的信息以及本网络节点的网络拓扑情况，生成所述标识信息对应的转发表项，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息；
    所述网络节点在收到携带有所述标识信息的流量时，根据所述标识信息对应的转发表项，转发所述流量。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的信息传递方法，当所述网络节点为网络入口节点时，所述信息传递方法还包括：在预定流量进入网络时，所述网络入口节点将给所述预定流量分配的标识信息封装至所述预定流量。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的信息传递方法，所述信息传递方法还包括：所述网络节点接收控制器下发的所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息；或者，所述网络节点接收通过内部网关协议IGP扩展或者边界网关协议BGP扩展通告的所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息。
  15. 根据权利要求12至14任一项所述的信息传递方法，其中，所述信 息传递方法应用于基于位索引显示复制BIER网络。
  16. 一种信息传递装置，包括：
    第一处理模块，配置为：为预定流量分配标识信息，并确定所述标识信息所对应的信息，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息；
    发送模块，配置为将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的信息传递装置，其中，所述出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息包括：标识出口节点和链路中至少一项的位串集合；或者，罗列的出口节点信息，其中，所述出口节点信息包括位转发设备标识符BFR-id或者位转发设备前缀BFR-Prefix。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的信息传递装置，当所述信息传递装置设置于网络节点时，所述信息传递装置还包括：第一接收模块，配置为接收控制器为预定流量分配的标识信息以及确定的所述标识信息所对应的信息。
  19. 根据权利要求16或17所述的信息传递装置，其中，当所述信息传递装置设置于网络节点时，所述发送模块，配置为通过内部网关协议IGP扩展或者边界网关协议BGP扩展将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息通告给其他网络节点。
  20. 根据权利要求16或17所述的信息传递装置，其中，当所述信息传递装置设置于控制器时，所述发送模块，配置为：通过边界网关协议链路状态BGP-LS信令扩展或者网络配置协议NETCONF将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点。
  21. 一种信息传递装置，设置于网络节点，包括：
    第二处理模块，配置为根据为预定流量分配的标识信息、所述标识信息所对应的信息以及所在网络节点的网络拓扑情况，生成所述标识信息对应的转发表项，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息；
    转发模块，配置为在收到携带有所述标识信息的流量时，根据所述标识 信息对应的转发表项，转发所述流量。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的信息传递装置，当所述网络节点为网络入口节点时，所述信息传递装置还包括：封装模块，配置为在预定流量进入网络时，将给所述预定流量分配的标识信息封装至所述预定流量。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的信息传递装置，所述信息传递装置还包括：第二接收模块，配置为接收控制器下发的所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息；或者，接收通过内部网关协议IGP扩展或者边界网关协议BGP扩展通告的所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息。
  24. 一种信息传递系统，包括：控制器以及一个或多个网络节点；
    所述控制器，配置为：为预定流量分配标识信息，确定所述标识信息所对应的信息，并将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个或多个网络节点，其中，所述标识信息所对应的信息包括：出口节点集合和链路集合中至少一项所组成的信息；
    所述接收到所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息的网络节点，配置为根据所述标识信息、所述标识信息所对应的信息以及本网络节点的网络拓扑情况，生成所述标识信息对应的转发表项，并在收到携带有所述标识信息的流量时，根据所述标识信息对应的转发表项，转发所述流量。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的信息传递系统，其中，当所述控制器将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息发送给一个网络节点时，所述接收到所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息的网络节点，还配置为通过内部网关协议IGP扩展或者边界网关协议BGP扩展将所述标识信息及所述标识信息所对应的信息通告给其他网络节点。
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