WO2017173922A1

WO2017173922A1 - Method and apparatus for upgrading virtual machine

Info

Publication number: WO2017173922A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/077543
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李翌; 肖立琨; 刘建军
Original assignee: 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date: 2016-04-08
Filing date: 2017-03-21
Publication date: 2017-10-12
Also published as: CN107273146A; CN107273146B

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for upgrading a virtual machine, the method for upgrading a virtual machine comprising: acquiring an upgraded mirror image of an original mirror image, using an update file in the upgraded mirror image to overwrite a file of an independent assembly mirror image mounted to the virtual machine (S302), the independent assembly mirror image being linked to a system mirror image of the virtual machine; and mounting the independent assembly mirror image to the virtual machine (S304). The method and apparatus conveniently and efficiently implement the upgrade of a cluster of virtual machines.

Description

Virtual machine upgrade method and device

Technical field

This document relates to, but is not limited to, the field of communications, and in particular, to a virtual machine upgrade method and apparatus.

Background technique

Virtualization technology is increasingly used. Virtual machines are based on virtual disks and are deployed in a shared parent image. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a parent-child mirror relationship of the related art. As shown in FIG. 1 , A1 is a parent image, A2, A3, and A4 are sub-images, and V1, V2, and V3 are virtual machines, and each virtual machine is attached to a corresponding child. Mirroring; where the virtual machine's underlying running program and data are placed in the parent image, and the virtual machine's change data is placed in the submirror. When a virtual machine performs a file read operation, it first looks up the submirror. If the submirror has data, it reads directly from the submirror, otherwise it reads from the parent image. When the virtual machine performs a file write operation, the data is directly written into the sub-image, so that in the subsequent read operation, the latest modified data can be read in the sub-image. In the above manner, all the virtual machines share the basic data of the parent image. When the VM component is upgraded, the parent image can be upgraded in theory. The change can be applied to all the VMs based on the parent-child mirror relationship to form a batch upgrade. There are many problems encountered in the actual operation.

2 is a schematic diagram of the occupation relationship of a parent-child mirror to a virtual sector in the related art. As shown in FIG. 2, A1 is a parent image, and A2 and A3 are corresponding sub-mirrors; wherein each small cell represents a virtual fan corresponding to the virtual disk. Area, the data of the parent image occupies 0-2 sectors; when the A2/A3 class is connected to the virtual machine and read and write for a period of time, the A2 submirror data is newly added with 3, 4, and 7 sectors. The A3 submirror data has newly added 5 and 7 sectors. The problem caused by this is that when the A1 parent image is directly modified, it will inevitably involve a new sector allocation, and whether the sub-image has occupied the sector cannot be determined. If the sector is already occupied, the corresponding virtual When the machine reads the contents of the sector, it will read directly from the sub-image. The modification of the parent image cannot be perceived by the virtual machine, and the batch upgrade cannot be established.

There are several solutions in the related art: 1. Scan all sub-mirrors and analyze which virtual sectors have not been used, which can be used as an upgrade to the parent image; considering that the virtual machine will continue to read and write the disk during operation. Operation, so this method must suspend all virtual machines, if the number of virtual machines A lot, whether it is shutting down or scanning the disk is a big job. At the same time, the selection of the disk sector is a function of the file system, and the implementation of the function also requires modification of the virtual machine file system. Therefore, the solution is difficult to implement in engineering. 2. Perform sector reservation on the parent image. This method can specifically identify some of the virtual sectors when creating the parent image, forming a reserved sector, and setting the virtual machine submirror to occupy the corresponding sector. This part of the reserved sector can be used directly without overlapping with the virtual machine submirror. However, this method still faces the problem of modifying the file system in the virtual machine, because it is necessary to explicitly set the upgraded disk data to be placed on the reserved sector, and this must be supported based on the virtual machine file system. Therefore, the method is more complicated.

In the related art, the problem of complex virtual machine cluster upgrade based on parent-child mirror deployment has not been effectively solved.

Summary of invention

The following is an overview of the topics detailed in this document. This Summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

The embodiment of the invention provides a virtual machine upgrade method and device, which can simplify the complexity of virtual machine group upgrade based on parent-child image deployment.

According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a virtual machine upgrade method is provided, including:

Obtaining an upgrade image of the original image, and overlaying the update file in the upgrade image to a file that is attached to the independent component image of the virtual machine, where the independent component image has a link relationship with the system image of the virtual machine;

The independent component image is attached to the virtual machine.

Optionally, the virtual machine upgrade method further includes:

Moving the original mirrored file to the independent component image;

A file link for pointing to the original image moved to the independent component image is created at the location of the original mirrored file at the location in the original image to generate the link relationship.

Optionally, the obtaining the upgrade image of the original image includes:

The virtual machine is recreated based on the backup of the original image, and the recreated virtual machine component is upgraded as the upgrade image.

Optionally, the file that overlays the update file in the upgrade image to the independent component image includes:

Scanning, according to the file mapping configuration information and the upgrade image, whether the file in the independent component image is updated, and if the file in the independent component image is updated, the update file of the upgrade image is overwritten. A file that is mirrored by a standalone component.

Optionally, the virtual machine upgrade method further includes:

Setting the independent component image allows the virtual machine to perform a read operation; and/or,

The virtual machine is prohibited from writing to the independent component image.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a virtual machine upgrade apparatus is provided, including:

The overlay module is configured to obtain an upgrade image of the original image, and the update file in the upgrade image is overwritten with a file of a separate component image of the virtual machine, where the independent component image and the system image of the virtual machine exist. Link relationship

The hook module is configured to attach the independent component image to the virtual machine.

Optionally, the coverage module includes:

a moving module, configured to move the original mirrored file to the independent component image;

An indication module is configured to establish a file link for pointing to the original image that is moved to the independent component image at a location of the original mirrored file in the original image to generate the link relationship.

Optionally, the coverage module is set to:

Re-creating the virtual machine based on the backup of the original image, upgrading the components of the re-created virtual machine as the upgrade image; and overwriting the update file in the upgrade image to the file of the independent component image of the virtual machine.

Optionally, the overlay module is configured to: obtain an upgrade image of the original image, and scan, according to the file mapping configuration information and the upgrade image, whether the file in the independent component image is updated, in the independent component image. In the case that there is an update of the file, the update file of the upgrade image is overwritten by the file of the independent component image.

Optionally, the virtual machine upgrade further includes:

a setting unit configured to set the independent component image to allow the virtual machine to perform a read operation; and/or to prohibit the virtual machine from writing to the independent component image.

The embodiment of the present invention obtains the upgrade image of the original image, and the update file in the upgrade image is overwritten with the file of the independent component image of the virtual machine, where the independent component image has a link relationship with the system image of the virtual machine. The independent component image is attached to the virtual machine; the embodiment of the present invention implements the virtual machine group upgrade simply and effectively.

Other aspects will be apparent upon reading and understanding the drawings and detailed description.

BRIEF abstract

1 is a schematic diagram of a parent-child mirror relationship of the related art;

2 is a schematic diagram of an occupation relationship of a parent-child mirror to a virtual sector in the related art;

3 is a flowchart of a virtual machine upgrade method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a structural block diagram 1 of a virtual machine upgrading apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram 2 of a virtual machine upgrading apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a virtual machine image deployment manner according to an optional embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

7 is a diagram showing a file placement relationship in an image according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a schematic diagram of a placement relationship on a windows system according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a schematic diagram of an initial image creation mode according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;

10 is a schematic diagram of a mirror update method after component upgrade according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

11 is a flowchart of an implementation of a file mapping module according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12a is a flowchart of implementing virtual machine generation and mirroring deployment according to an optional embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 12b is a flowchart of implementing an upgrade of a virtual machine component according to an optional embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed

Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or order. order.

In this embodiment, a virtual machine upgrade method is provided. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a virtual machine upgrade method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Step (S) 302: Obtain an upgrade image of the original image, and overwrite the update file in the upgrade image with a file of the independent component image of the virtual machine; wherein the independent component image has a link relationship with the system image of the virtual machine. Including: the independent component image is processed by the file mapping configuration information to process the original image of the virtual machine, and the independent component image having a link relationship with the system image of the virtual machine is created;

S304. Attach the independent component image to the virtual machine.

Through the above steps, the upgrade image of the original image is obtained, and the update file in the upgrade image is overwritten with the file of the independent component image of the virtual machine, and the independent component image is attached to the virtual machine. The original image is processed by the file mapping configuration information to obtain the system image and the independent component image of the virtual machine. The independent component image is attached to the virtual machine group before the update, and the update is continued to be attached to the virtual machine, and the virtual machine group is implemented simply and effectively. upgrade.

In this embodiment, the independent component image that has a link file relationship with the system image of the virtual machine includes: moving the original mirrored file to the independent component image; the original mirrored file is in the original image. The location of the file is used to point to the original image, and a corresponding link is set in the original image to indicate the new location after the file is moved. That is, a file link for pointing to the original image moved to the independent component image is created at the location of the original mirrored file in the original image to generate a link relationship.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining the upgrade image of the original image includes: re-creating the virtual machine based on the backup of the original image, and the component of the re-created virtual machine is upgraded as the upgrade image.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the updating the file in the upgrade image to the file of the independent component image comprises: scanning, according to the file mapping configuration information and the upgrade image, whether the file in the independent component image is updated, in the independent component If there is an update to the file in the image, the update file of the upgrade image overwrites the file of the independent component image. When a component is required to be upgraded, the system scans the independent component image according to the upgrade image. When the independent component image is updated, Update the independent component image.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the virtual machine upgrade method further includes: setting an independent component image to allow the virtual machine to perform a read operation; and/or prohibiting the virtual machine from performing a write operation on the independent component image. That is, the independent component image satisfies the following condition: The independent component image only allows the virtual machine to perform a read operation and does not allow the independent component image to be written. A separate component mirror is a mirror shared by all VMs. A single VM can only read operations, access the contents of the mirror, and upgrade the VM based on the mirror. However, a single VM cannot modify the contents of the VM.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a virtual machine upgrade device is further provided, which is used to implement the foregoing embodiments and optional implementation manners, and details are not described herein. As used below, the term "module" may implement a combination of software and/or hardware of a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

The embodiment of the invention further provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions are used to execute the virtual machine upgrade method.

The embodiment of the present invention further provides a virtual machine upgrading apparatus, including: a memory and a processor; wherein

A processor is configured to execute program instructions in the memory;

Program instructions perform the following operations on the processor read:

The upgrade image of the original image is obtained, and the update file in the upgrade image is overwritten with the file of the independent component image of the virtual machine. The independent component image has a link relationship with the system image of the virtual machine.

Attach a separate component image to the virtual machine.

4 is a structural block diagram of a virtual machine upgrade apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the apparatus includes:

The overlay module 42 is configured to obtain an upgrade image of the original image, and the update file in the upgrade image is overwritten with a file of the independent component image of the virtual machine, where the independent component image is linked with the system image of the virtual machine. ;

The hooking module 44 is connected to the overlay module 42 and is configured to attach the independent component image to the virtual machine.

Through the above steps, the overlay module 42 obtains the upgrade image of the original image, and the update file in the upgrade image is overwritten with the file of the independent component image of the virtual machine, wherein the independent component image is processed by the file mapping configuration information. The original image of the machine creates a separate component image that is linked to the system image of the virtual machine. The hooking module 44 attaches the independent component image to the virtual machine, and implements the virtual machine group upgrade conveniently and effectively.

FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram 2 of a virtual machine upgrade apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the virtual machine upgrade apparatus further includes:

The moving module 52 is configured to move the original mirrored file to the independent component image;

The indication module 54 is coupled to the mobile module 52 for establishing a file link for pointing to the original image that is moved to the independent component image at a location in the original image of the original mirrored file to generate a link relationship.

In this embodiment, the overlay module 42 is configured to re-create the virtual machine based on the backup of the original image, and upgrade the components of the re-created virtual machine as the upgrade image; attach the update file overlay in the upgrade image to the upgrade file. A file that is mirrored by a separate component of the virtual machine.

In this embodiment, the overlay module 42 is configured to: obtain an upgrade image of the original image, and scan whether the file in the independent component image is updated according to the file mapping configuration information and the upgrade image, in the independent component image. In the case where the file is updated, the update file of the upgrade image is overwritten by the file of the independent component image.

It should be noted that each of the above modules may be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, the foregoing may be implemented by, but not limited to, the foregoing modules are all located in the same processor; or, the above modules are respectively located. Different processors.

The following is a detailed description in conjunction with an alternative embodiment of the invention.

An alternative embodiment of the present invention provides a convenient method for implementing a shared parent image based The virtual machine is upgraded in batches. The method in this embodiment does not require special modification to the image file, and does not need to modify the virtual machine file system.

An alternative embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions. The optional embodiment of the present invention comprises two parts:

A separate component image that is used to hold the components that need to be upgraded. The image is shared by all virtual machines, but modification is prohibited.

a file mapping module (corresponding to some functions of the overlay module 42 of the above embodiment, storing file mapping configuration information), and using the module to map the actual storage file to the independent image, so that the virtual machine pair The actual reading of the file accesses the individual component image.

The steps of an alternative embodiment of the invention are as follows:

Step 1: Complete the initial installation of the component in the virtual machine;

Step 2, using a link module (corresponding to some functions of the indication module 54 of the above embodiment), moving the installed component into the independent component image, and creating a corresponding link relationship in the original location;

Step 3: Attach the independent component image to all virtual machines to form a shared image. In this way, the virtual machine can access the corresponding components as usual, and these accesses are redirected to the component image;

Step 4: When the upgrade is required, the dedicated upgrade virtual machine is used. After the upgrade, the link module is re-run and the modified content is moved to the independent component image.

Step 5: Re-attach the new independent component image to all virtual machines, so that all virtual machines can see the upgrade content and the upgrade is completed.

Compared with the related art, the optional embodiment of the present invention does not depend on the corresponding virtual machine image format, and does not need to modify the virtual machine image, and does not need to modify the file system manager of the virtual machine, and only needs to be deployed in the virtual machine. Add a dedicated image, after the component is upgraded, use the file mapping module to scan the file number and establish a link relationship, which is relatively easy to implement.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a virtual machine image deployment manner according to an optional embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, A1, A2, A3, and A4 are system images of a virtual machine, and B is a newly added independent component image, V1. V2 and V3 are virtual machine clusters. When the virtual machine is running, it will be attached to both the A and B types of images to form its virtual machine disk. For class A mirroring, it can be read and written in parent-child mode, but can only be read and cannot be written to the B mirror. The machine can be mounted directly without creating a submirror.

FIG. 7 is a diagram of a file placement relationship in an image according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, A is a system image, and B is a separate component image. On the A image, the file to be upgraded is linked to the B image. On, the actual data is stored in the B image.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a placement relationship on a windows system according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, A is a system image, B is a separate component image, and corresponding components include file1 in the c:\windows\sys directory. The .sys and file2.sys files, through the link relationship, point to file1.sys and file2.sys under e:\sys. Linked files are a prior art of the Windows file system. For Linux systems, there are similar implementations.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an initial image creation mode according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the virtual machine is first installed according to a normal process to form a basic installation image, and the file mapping module is processed. Based on the predefined file mapping configuration, the module creates a virtual machine system image with a linked file relationship (corresponding to the A image described earlier) and a separate component image (corresponding to the B image described earlier).

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a mirror update method after component upgrade according to an optional embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the original image is first backed up, and component upgrade is performed on the basis, and an upgrade image is obtained after the upgrade. The file mapping module processes the original image and the upgrade image to form a new independent component image.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of an implementation of a file mapping module according to an optional embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 11, the method includes:

S1101, reading mapping file configuration information;

S1102, it is determined whether there is a separate component image; when there is no independent component image, step 1103 is performed; when there is a separate component image, step 1105 is performed;

S1103, creating an independent component image; the established independent component image is initially empty;

S1104: Scan the corresponding file according to the mapping configuration, and move the corresponding file in the installed image to the independent component image according to the file in the file mapping information, and establish a corresponding link file in the original location, pointing to the moved file location; Repeat S1104 until all file link relationships are established.

S1105: Scan according to the file configured by the file mapping, and check whether the upgrade image has an update.

S1106: If the upgrade image is updated, the file corresponding to the updated component image is overwritten by the file of the updated upgrade image; since the link relationship has been established in the initial image creation, this does not need to be established, and S1105 and S1106 are repeated. Steps until all files in the map configuration are scanned.

FIG. 12a is a flowchart of an implementation of a virtual machine generation and a mirroring deployment according to an optional embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12a, in the case of newly creating a separate component image, the method includes:

S1201: Create an original image file, start a virtual machine on the image file, complete component installation, and save the original image file.

S1202: Create a system image and a separate component image according to the file mapping configuration.

S1203, creating a virtual machine based on the newly generated system image and the independent component image.

FIG. 12b is a flowchart of an implementation of a virtual machine component upgrade according to an optional embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12b, in the case that a component upgrade is required, the method includes:

S1204, copy one copy from the saved original image as the image to be upgraded.

S1205: Create a virtual machine based on the image to be upgraded.

S1206, completing component upgrade on the newly created virtual machine,

S1207, using the original image and the new upgrade image, to update the independent component image according to the file mapping configuration;

S1208, updating the independent component image of all virtual machines; here, the independent component mirrors the newly generated independent component image.

Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, by hardware, but in many cases, the former is A better implementation. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, which is essential or contributes to the prior art, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, disk, The optical disc includes a number of instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a cell phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a storage medium. Optionally, in the embodiment, the foregoing storage medium may be configured to store program code for performing the following steps:

S1: Obtain an upgrade image of the original image, and the update file in the upgrade image is overwritten with a file of a separate component image of the virtual machine, where the independent component image is processed by the file mapping configuration information to process the original image of the virtual machine. Creating a separate component image that has a link relationship with the system image of the virtual machine;

S2, attaching the independent component image to the virtual machine.

The storage medium may also be arranged to store program code for performing the method steps of the above-described embodiments.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the foregoing storage medium may include, but not limited to, a USB flash drive, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a mobile hard disk, and a magnetic memory. A variety of media that can store program code, such as a disc or a disc.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the processor performs the method steps of the foregoing embodiments according to the stored program code in the storage medium.

For example, the examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the foregoing embodiments and the optional embodiments, and details are not described herein again.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the above steps may be performed by a program to instruct related hardware, such as a processor, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as a read only memory, disk or optical disk. Wait. Alternatively, all or part of the steps of the above embodiments may also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. Correspondingly, each module/unit in the foregoing embodiment may be implemented in the form of hardware, for example, by implementing an integrated circuit to implement its corresponding function, or may be implemented in the form of a software function module, for example, being executed by a processor and stored in a memory. Programs/instructions to implement their respective functions. The invention is not limited to any specific form of combination of hardware and software.

The embodiments disclosed in the present application are as described above, but the descriptions are only for the purpose of understanding the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, such as the specific implementation method in the embodiments of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art to which the present application pertains does not depart from the spirit disclosed in the present application. And the scope and details of the invention may be modified and varied, and the scope of the patent application is still subject to the scope defined by the appended claims.

Industrial applicability

The above technical solution realizes the virtual machine group upgrade simply and effectively.

Claims

A virtual machine upgrade method includes:

Obtaining an upgrade image of the original image, and overlaying the update file in the upgrade image to a file that is attached to the independent component image of the virtual machine, where the independent component image has a link relationship with the system image of the virtual machine;

The independent component image is attached to the virtual machine.
The virtual machine upgrade method according to claim 1, wherein the virtual machine upgrade method further comprises:

Moving the original mirrored file to the independent component image;

A file link for pointing to the original image moved to the independent component image is created at the location of the original mirrored file at the location in the original image to generate the link relationship.
The virtual machine upgrade method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the obtaining the upgrade image of the original image comprises:

The virtual machine is recreated based on the backup of the original image, and the recreated virtual machine component is upgraded as the upgrade image.
The virtual machine upgrade method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the updating the file in the upgrade image to the file of the independent component image comprises:

Scanning, according to the file mapping configuration information and the upgrade image, whether the file in the independent component image is updated, and if the file in the independent component image is updated, the update file of the upgrade image is overwritten. A file that is mirrored by a standalone component.
The virtual machine upgrade method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the virtual machine upgrade method further comprises:

Setting the independent component image allows the virtual machine to perform a read operation; and/or,

The virtual machine is prohibited from writing to the independent component image.
A virtual machine upgrade device includes:

The overlay module is configured to obtain an upgrade image of the original image, and the update file in the upgrade image is overwritten by a file attached to the independent component image of the virtual machine, where the independent component is mirrored The system image of the virtual machine has a link relationship;

The hook module is configured to attach the independent component image to the virtual machine.
The virtual machine upgrading apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the virtual machine upgrading apparatus further comprises:

a moving module, configured to move the original mirrored file to the independent component image;

An indication module is configured to establish a file link for pointing to the original image that is moved to the independent component image at a location of the original mirrored file in the original image to generate the link relationship.
The virtual machine upgrading apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the overlay module is configured to:

Re-creating the virtual machine based on the backup of the original image, upgrading the components of the re-created virtual machine as the upgrade image; and overwriting the update file in the upgrade image to the file of the independent component image of the virtual machine.
The virtual machine upgrading apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the overlay module is configured to: obtain an upgrade image of the original image, scan the independent component image according to the file mapping configuration information and the upgrade image Whether the file is updated, and if the file in the independent component image is updated, the update file of the upgrade image is overwritten by the file of the independent component image.
The virtual machine upgrade apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the virtual machine upgrade further comprises:

a setting unit configured to set the independent component image to allow the virtual machine to perform a read operation; and/or to prohibit the virtual machine from writing to the independent component image.