WO2017173742A1 - 液晶棱镜及其驱动方法、显示装置 - Google Patents

液晶棱镜及其驱动方法、显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017173742A1
WO2017173742A1 PCT/CN2016/089910 CN2016089910W WO2017173742A1 WO 2017173742 A1 WO2017173742 A1 WO 2017173742A1 CN 2016089910 W CN2016089910 W CN 2016089910W WO 2017173742 A1 WO2017173742 A1 WO 2017173742A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
prism
liquid crystal
position information
human eye
substrate
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PCT/CN2016/089910
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
卢鹏程
董学
陈小川
王倩
赵文卿
高健
杨明
王磊
许睿
牛小辰
王海生
杨盛际
李昌峰
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方光电科技有限公司
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Priority to US15/540,623 priority Critical patent/US10495942B2/en
Publication of WO2017173742A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017173742A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G02F1/293—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection by another light beam, i.e. opto-optical deflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
    • G06F3/013—Eye tracking input arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/16—Human faces, e.g. facial parts, sketches or expressions
    • G06V40/161—Detection; Localisation; Normalisation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/12—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/24—Function characteristic beam steering

Definitions

  • the present disclosure belongs to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a liquid crystal prism, a driving method thereof, and a display device.
  • the stereoscopic display that is, the 3D display technology, mainly obtains two images of the same object at different angles according to human vision, and projects the two images into the left and right eyes of the person, thereby making the left and right eyes of the person
  • the image has a certain parallax, and the brain synthesizes the left-eye image and the right-eye image with parallax, and the depth perception is generated, that is, the display effect of the stereoscopic image is formed.
  • the 3D display technology in the related art is mainly divided into two types of glasses type and naked eye type.
  • Glasses-type 3D display technology requires the use of special glasses, which is not conducive to the use of portable devices. Pay more attention to the naked-eye 3D display technology in mobile electronic products.
  • a liquid crystal prism (Liquid Crystal (LC) lens) includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • a plurality of electrode groups are disposed on a side of the second substrate adjacent to the liquid crystal layer, and each of the electrode groups includes a plurality of strip electrodes, and a gradient electric field is formed by applying different voltages on different strip electrodes, so that different positions are The liquid crystal receives different electric field forces, so the liquid crystals rotate in different directions, thereby achieving the effect of the liquid crystal prism, that is, a plurality of electrode groups correspondingly form a plurality of prism units to realize naked-eye 3D display.
  • the liquid crystal prisms in the related art are generally only suitable for one viewing, and are not suitable for multi-person viewing, resulting in limitations of the viewing angle.
  • a liquid crystal prism for single and multi-person viewing, a driving method thereof, and a display device is provided.
  • the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal prism including a first substrate and a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; the liquid crystal prism is divided into a prism unit, wherein a plurality of strip electrodes are disposed on a side of the first substrate or the second substrate adjacent to the liquid crystal layer corresponding to each of the prism units, the liquid crystal prism further comprising: a human face An identification unit, a prism shape determining unit, and a control unit; wherein
  • the face recognition unit is configured to identify human eye position information in a face, and send the human eye position information to the control unit;
  • the prism shape determining unit is configured to determine a prism shape according to a correspondence map of a correspondence relationship between the human eye position information and the prism shape stored in advance, and a position information of the human eye recognized by the face recognition unit;
  • the control unit is configured to control a magnitude of a voltage applied to the strip electrodes of each of the prism units according to the prism shape determined by the prism shape determining unit, so that liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer form corresponding prisms form.
  • the face recognition unit includes: a face confirmation module and a human eye tracking module; wherein
  • the face confirmation module is configured to detect face information and determine the number of viewers
  • the human eye tracking module is configured to detect human eye position information of each viewer determined by the face determination module, and send each human eye position information to the prism shape determining unit.
  • the liquid crystal prism further includes: a liquid crystal high frequency driving unit, configured to provide a corresponding refresh frequency for the liquid crystal prism according to the number of viewers determined by the face determination module.
  • a liquid crystal high frequency driving unit configured to provide a corresponding refresh frequency for the liquid crystal prism according to the number of viewers determined by the face determination module.
  • a strip electrode is disposed on a side of the first substrate and the second substrate adjacent to the liquid crystal layer, and a plate electrode is disposed on a side of the other adjacent to the liquid crystal layer .
  • the prism form is a triangle formed every two adjacent prism units.
  • the present disclosure provides a driving method of a liquid crystal prism, wherein the liquid crystal prism is the liquid crystal prism described above; and the driving method includes:
  • Controlling the strip electrodes applied to each of the prism units according to the determined prism shape The magnitude of the voltage is such that the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer form a corresponding prism shape.
  • the identifying the human eye location information in the human face specifically includes:
  • the determined human eye position information of each viewer is detected.
  • the method further comprises providing a corresponding refresh frequency for the liquid crystal prism according to the determined number of viewers.
  • the present disclosure provides a display device including the liquid crystal prism described above.
  • the display device further includes a backlight disposed on a light incident surface side of the liquid crystal prism.
  • the display device further includes a polarizer attached to the light incident surface side of the second substrate, and a light split film disposed between the backlight and the polarizer.
  • the human face position can be detected by the face recognition unit, and the prism shape corresponding to the position of the human eye is determined by the prism shape determining unit, and then the prism form in each prism unit is adjusted by the control unit. So that each viewer can see the correct light path. It can be seen from this that the liquid crystal prism of the present disclosure is more intelligent.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal prism according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a liquid crystal prism according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a prism shape of a liquid crystal prism of one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 4-7 are schematic diagrams of prism shapes of four viewpoints when two persons of liquid crystal prisms are viewed in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method of driving a liquid crystal prism according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a display device of some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Reference numerals 1, a first substrate; 2, a second substrate; 3, a liquid crystal layer; 4, a prism unit; 41, a strip electrode; 5, a face recognition unit; 6, a prism shape determining unit; 8, polarizer; 9, split film; 10, backlight.
  • a liquid crystal prism comprising a first substrate 1 and a second substrate 2, and a liquid crystal layer 3 disposed between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2;
  • the prism is divided into a plurality of prism units 4, and a plurality of strip electrodes 41 are disposed on a side of the second substrate 2 corresponding to each of the prism units 4 close to the liquid crystal layer 3, and the voltage applied to the electrodes is adjusted by adjusting The size is such that a stepped electric field is formed to cause the prism unit 4 to assume a specific prism shape.
  • the liquid crystal prism in some embodiments further includes: a face recognition unit 5, a prism form determination unit 6, and a control unit 7; wherein the face recognition unit 5 is configured to recognize human eye position information in a face, and Sending the human eye position information to the control unit 7; the prism form determining unit 6 is configured to pre-store the human eye Corresponding relationship mapping table indicating the correspondence relationship between the human eye position information and the prism shape, and the human eye position information recognized by the face recognition unit 5, determining the prism form; the control unit 7 is configured to determine the unit according to the prism form 6 The determined prism morphology controls the magnitude of the voltage applied to the strip electrodes 41 of each of the prism units 4 so that the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3 form a corresponding prism form.
  • mapping table is pre-stored in the liquid crystal lens state determining unit. It can be understood that the liquid crystal lens state determining unit is provided with a storage module in which the above-mentioned lookup table is stored. .
  • the human eye position can be detected by the face recognition unit 5, and the prism shape corresponding to the position of the human eye is determined by the prism shape determining unit 6, and then each prism unit 4 is adjusted by the control unit 7.
  • the prism shape is in order to see the correct light path. It can be seen from this that the liquid crystal prisms of some embodiments are more intelligent.
  • the face recognition unit 5 of the liquid crystal prism of some embodiments includes: a face confirmation module and a human eye tracking module; wherein the face confirmation module is configured to detect face information and determine the number of viewers; the human eye tracking module is used for The human eye position information of each viewer determined by the face determination module is detected, and each human eye position information is transmitted to the prism form determining unit 6.
  • the human eye tracking module transmits the human eye position information of the person to the prism shape determining unit 6;
  • the shape determining unit 6 determines the prism shape of the screen that the person can view according to the mapping table therein.
  • the prism shape is as shown in FIG. 3, that is, each two adjacent prism units 4 form a triangle, where “1” Corresponding to the left eye, "2" corresponds to the right eye, thereby achieving a single person's 3D view display.
  • the human eye tracking module transmits the human eye position information of the plurality of people to the prism shape determining unit 6.
  • the plurality of persons determined by the prism shape determining unit 6 according to the mapping table therein can respectively view the prism shape corresponding to the screen, and at this time, the control unit 7 sequentially controls the strip electrodes 41 of the prism unit 4
  • the applied voltage is such that the prism unit 4 sequentially generates prism shapes corresponding to the positions of the human eyes of a plurality of people.
  • the prism shape corresponding to the left eye of the first person and the prism shape corresponding to the right eye are sequentially generated; the prism shape corresponding to the left eye of the second person is correct for the right eye
  • the shape of the prism should be the same; the prism shape corresponding to the left and right eyes of other people is generated, so as to realize the 3D view display of multiple people.
  • a liquid crystal high frequency driving unit is further provided for providing a corresponding high frequency refresh frequency for the liquid crystal prism according to the number of viewers determined by the face determining module.
  • the liquid crystal high frequency driving unit can increase the refresh frequency of the liquid crystal prism, and increase the refresh frequency of the left and right eye views to 120 Hz, and the 3D view viewed by the viewer at this time.
  • the refresh rate is 60 Hz, enabling single-person full resolution display.
  • the refresh rate of the 2D view display is 60 Hz
  • the viewer is a plurality of people at this time, for example, the viewer is two people (four viewing viewpoints, that is, viewpoint 1, viewpoint 2, viewpoint 3, viewpoint 4).
  • viewpoint 1, viewpoint 2, viewpoint 3, viewpoint 4 the refresh rate of the left and right eye views
  • the refresh rate of the 3D view viewed by the viewer is 15 Hz, and the resolution of the displayed view is obviously decreased.
  • the liquid crystal high frequency drive is driven.
  • the unit can increase the refresh frequency of the liquid crystal prism, and increase the refresh rate of the left and right eye views of the two viewers (four viewing viewpoints, that is, the viewpoint 1, the viewpoint 2, the viewpoint 3, and the viewpoint 4) to 240 Hz, at this time, the viewer
  • the refresh rate of the viewed 3D view is 60 Hz, enabling multi-person full resolution display.
  • a corresponding prism form is formed by providing strip electrodes 41 on the second substrate 2 to form a stepped electric field.
  • a strip electrode 41 may be disposed on the first substrate 1; or a plate electrode may be formed on the first substrate 1, a strip electrode 41 may be formed on the second substrate 2; or formed on the first substrate 1
  • the strip electrode 41 forms a plate electrode on the second substrate 2.
  • the shape of the prism formed in the prism unit 4 can be controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the voltage applied to the strip electrodes 41.
  • a method of driving a liquid crystal prism can be provided.
  • the liquid crystal prism can employ the liquid crystal prism described with reference to FIGS.
  • the driving method in some embodiments specifically includes The following steps:
  • Step 1 Identify the position information of the human eye in the face.
  • the face recognition unit 5 can detect the human eye position information in the face.
  • the step may specifically include: first, detecting face information, and determining the number of viewers; and then detecting the determined human eye position information of each viewer.
  • the face information may be detected by the face recognition module in the face recognition unit 5, and the number of viewers may be determined; then, the human eye tracking module in the face recognition unit 5 detects each of the determinations determined by the face determination module.
  • a human eye position information of a viewer, and the human eye position information of each viewer is transmitted to the prism form determining unit 6.
  • Step 2 Determine the prism shape according to the correspondence map between the correspondence relationship between the human eye position information and the prism form stored in advance, and the recognized human eye position information.
  • the step of determining the prism shape by the prism shape determining unit 6 according to the correspondence map of the correspondence between the position information of the human eye and the shape of the prism stored in advance, and the position information of the human eye recognized by the face recognition unit 5 .
  • Step 3 controlling the magnitude of the voltage applied to the strip electrodes 41 of each of the prism units 4 according to the determined prism shape, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3 form a corresponding prism form.
  • the step specifically includes: controlling the magnitude of the voltage applied to the strip electrodes 41 of each of the prism units 4 by the control unit 7 according to the prism shape determined by the prism shape determining unit 6, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3 Form the corresponding prism shape.
  • the human eye tracking module transmits the human eye position information of the person to the prism shape determining unit 6;
  • the determining unit 6 determines the prism shape that the person can view the picture according to the mapping table therein.
  • the prism shape is as shown in FIG. 3, that is, each two adjacent prism units 4 form a triangle, wherein “1” corresponds to The left eye, "2" corresponds to the right eye, thus achieving a single person's 3D view display.
  • the human eye tracking module transmits the human eye position information of the plurality of people to the prism shape determining unit 6; at this time, the prism shape determining unit 6 according to the mapping table therein, it is determined that the plurality of people can respectively view the prism shape corresponding to the screen, and at this time, the control unit 7 sequentially controls the strip electrodes 41 of the prism unit 4
  • the applied voltage is such that the prism unit 4 sequentially generates prism shapes corresponding to the positions of the human eyes of a plurality of people.
  • the prism shape corresponding to the left eye of the first person and the prism shape corresponding to the right eye are sequentially generated; the prism shape corresponding to the left eye of the second person, and the prism shape corresponding to the right eye;
  • the prism shape corresponding to the left and right eyes of the person thereby realizing the 3D view display of multiple people.
  • these four figures illustrate four viewing viewpoints (viewpoint 1 to viewpoint 4), that is, prism shapes viewed by two people.
  • the driving method of the above liquid crystal prism provides a single-person 3D view display or a multi-person 3D view display, and the 3D view resolution is performed when scanning is performed at a refresh frequency when the 2D view is displayed in the related art. The rate will decrease. Therefore, the driving method of the liquid crystal prism in some embodiments further includes: providing the liquid crystal prism with a corresponding high frequency refresh frequency according to the determined number of viewers. This step may be between step one and step two, or between step two and step three, or after step three.
  • the refresh rate of the 2D view is 60 Hz
  • the refresh rate of the left and right eye views is 60 Hz when the single person 3D view is displayed, and the refresh rate of the 3D view viewed by the viewer is 30 Hz.
  • the liquid crystal high frequency driving unit can increase the refreshing frequency of the liquid crystal prism.
  • the refresh rate of the 2D view is 60 Hz
  • the refresh rate of the left and right eye views is 60 Hz when the single 3D view is displayed, and the refresh rate of the 3D view viewed by the viewer is 30 Hz.
  • the resolution of the liquid crystal high-frequency driving unit can increase the refreshing frequency of the liquid crystal prism, and increase the refreshing frequency of the left and right eye views to 120 Hz. At this time, the refresh frequency of the 3D view viewed by the viewer is 60Hz, thus achieving single-person full resolution display.
  • the refresh rate when the 2D view is displayed is 60 Hz
  • the viewer is a plurality of people, for example, the viewer is two people
  • two viewers four viewing viewpoints, that is, viewpoint 1, viewpoint 2,
  • the refresh rate of the left and right eye views of the viewpoint 3 and the viewpoint 4 is increased to 240 Hz
  • the refresh frequency of the 3D view viewed by the viewer is 60 Hz, thereby realizing multi-person full resolution display.
  • the driving manner of the viewpoint 1 to the viewpoint 4 may be that the time from the viewpoint 1 to the viewpoint 4 to drive one frame of the picture is 1/240 s.
  • the views corresponding to the four viewpoints can also be driven in any order.
  • a display device that includes the liquid crystal prism described above with reference to Figures 1-7.
  • the liquid crystal lens doubles as a display panel by adjusting the voltage on the strip electrode 41
  • the size of the liquid crystal prism is formed while achieving different gray scale display.
  • the display device further includes a backlight 10 disposed on the light incident surface side of the liquid crystal prism, and a polarizing plate 8 (lower polarizer 8) attached to the light incident surface side of the second substrate 2, and disposed at the A light splitting film 9 between the backlight 10 and the polarizer 8 is described.
  • the beam splitting film 9 After the light emitted by the backlight 10 passes through the beam splitting film 9, light of three different colors of red, green, and blue is separated, and then displayed through the liquid crystal lens through the lower polarizer. It is not difficult to see that in the display device of some embodiments, it is not necessary to provide a color film, and the upper polarizer is omitted, thereby realizing lightening and thinning of the display device.
  • the display device in some embodiments may be any product or component having a display function, such as a liquid crystal panel, an electronic paper, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • a display function such as a liquid crystal panel, an electronic paper, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.

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Abstract

一种液晶棱镜及其驱动方法、显示装置。所述液晶棱镜包括第一基板（1）、第二基板（2）、液晶层（3）、人脸识别单元（5）、棱镜形态确定单元（6）和控制单元（7）；液晶棱镜划分为多个棱镜单元（4），在与每个棱镜单元（4）对应的第一基板（1）或者第二基板（2）靠近液晶层（3）的侧面上设置有多个条状电极（41）；人脸识别单元（5）用于识别人脸中的人眼位置信息，并将人眼位置信息发送给控制单元（7）；棱镜形态确定单元（6）用于根据预先存储的表示人眼位置信息与棱镜形态的对应关系的对应关系映射表、以及人脸识别单元（5）识别出的人眼位置信息，确定棱镜形态；控制单元（7）用于根据棱镜形态确定单元（6）所确定的棱镜形态，控制施加在各个棱镜单元（4）的条状电极（41）上的电压的大小，以使液晶层（3）中的液晶分子形成相应的棱镜形态。

Description

液晶棱镜及其驱动方法、显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2016年4月6日在中国提交的中国专利申请No.201610210188.1的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开文本属于显示技术领域，具体涉及一种液晶棱镜及其驱动方法、显示装置。
背景技术
立体显示即3D显示技术主要是根据人类的视觉，获得同一物体在不同角度上的两幅图像，并将这两幅图像分别投射至人的左眼和右眼中，从而使得人的左、右眼中图像具有一定的视差，大脑对具有视差的左眼图像和右眼图像进行合成，就会产生深度知觉，即形成立体图像的显示效果。
相关技术中的3D显示技术主要分为眼镜式和裸眼式两大类。眼镜式3D显示技术需要佩戴专用的眼镜，因此不利于便携式设备使用。在可移动的电子产品中更注重裸眼式3D显示技术。
液晶棱镜(Liquid Crystal(LC)lens)的一种实现方式是，该液晶棱镜包括第一基板、第二基板，以及设置在第一基板和第二基板之间的液晶层。在第二基板靠近液晶层的侧面上设置有多个电极组，每个电极组中包括多个条状电极，通过在不同条状电极上施加不同的电压形成一个梯度电场，使得不同位置处的液晶受到的电场力不同，因此液晶旋转方向不同，从而达到液晶棱镜的效果，即多个电极组相对应形成多个棱镜单元，以实现裸眼3D显示。但是，在相关技术中的液晶棱镜通常只适合于一个观看，而不适合多人观看，造成了观看视角的局限性。
发明内容
本公开文本针对相关技术中的液晶棱镜存在的上述问题，提供一种适用 于单人和多人观看的液晶棱镜及其驱动方法、显示装置。
在一个方面中，本公开文本提供一种液晶棱镜，包括第一基板和第二基板，以及设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶层；所述液晶棱镜划分为多个棱镜单元，在与每个所述棱镜单元对应的所述第一基板或者所述第二基板靠近所述液晶层的侧面上设置有多个条状电极，所述液晶棱镜还包括：人脸识别单元、棱镜形态确定单元和控制单元；其中，
所述人脸识别单元用于识别人脸中的人眼位置信息，并将所述人眼位置信息发送给所述控制单元；
所述棱镜形态确定单元用于根据其预先存储的表示人眼位置信息与棱镜形态的对应关系的对应关系映射表，以及所述人脸识别单元识别出的人眼位置信息，确定棱镜形态；以及
所述控制单元，用于根据所述棱镜形态确定单元所确定的棱镜形态，控制施加在各个所述棱镜单元的条状电极上的电压的大小，以使液晶层中的液晶分子形成相应的棱镜形态。
可选地，所述人脸识别单元包括：人脸确认模块和人眼追踪模块；其中，
所述人脸确认模块，用于检测人脸信息，并确定观看者的数量；
所述人眼追踪模块，用于检测所述人脸确定模块所确定出的每一个观看者的人眼位置信息，并将每个人眼位置信息发送给所述棱镜形态确定单元。
可选地，所述液晶棱镜还包括：液晶高频驱动单元，其用于根据所述人脸确定模块所确定出的观看者的数量，为所述液晶棱镜提供相应的刷新频率。
可选地，在所述第一基板和所述第二基板中的一者靠近所述液晶层的侧面上设置有条状电极，另一者靠近所述液晶层的侧面上设置有板状电极。
可选地，所述棱镜形态为每两相邻的棱镜单元组成一个三角形。
在另一个方面中，本公开文本提供一种液晶棱镜的驱动方法，其中液晶棱镜为上述的液晶棱镜；所述驱动方法包括：
识别人脸中的人眼位置信息；
根据预先存储的表示人眼位置信息与棱镜形态的对应关系的对应关系映射表，以及所识别出的人眼位置信息，确定棱镜形态；
根据所确定的棱镜形态，控制施加在各个所述棱镜单元的条状电极上的 电压的大小，以使液晶层中的液晶分子形成相应的棱镜形态。
可选地，所述识别人脸中的人眼位置信息具体包括：
检测人脸信息，并确定观看者的数量；以及
检测所确定出的每一个观看者的人眼位置信息。
可选地，所述方法还包括根据所确定出的观看者的数量，为所述液晶棱镜提供相应的刷新频率。
在另一个方面中，本公开文本提供一种显示装置，其包括上述的液晶棱镜。
可选地，所述显示装置还包括设置在所述液晶棱镜的入光面侧的背光源。
可选地，所述显示装置还包括贴附在所述第二基板的入光面侧的偏光片，以及设置在所述背光源与所述偏光片之间的分光膜。
本公开文本具有如下有益效果：
在本公开文本的液晶棱镜中，通过人脸识别单元可以检测人眼位置，并通过棱镜形态确定单元确定人眼位置所对应的棱镜形态，之后通过控制单元来调整每个棱镜单元中的棱镜形态，以使得每个观看者都能够观看到正确的光路。由此可知，本公开文本的液晶棱镜更加智能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。以下附图并未刻意按实际尺寸等比例缩放绘制，重点在于示出本申请的主旨。
图1为本公开文本的一些实施例的液晶棱镜的结构示意图；
图2为本公开文本的一些实施例的液晶棱镜的构架示意图；
图3为本公开文本的一些实施例的液晶棱镜的1个人观看时的棱镜形态的示意图；
图4-7为本公开文本的一些实施例的液晶棱镜的2个人观看时4个视点的棱镜形态的示意图；
图8为本公开文本的一些实施例的液晶棱镜的驱动方法的流程图；
图9为本公开文本的一些实施例的显示装置的示意图。
附图标记：1、第一基板；2、第二基板；3、液晶层；4、棱镜单元；41、条状电极；5、人脸识别单元；6、棱镜形态确定单元；7、控制单元；8、偏光片；9、分光膜；10、背光源。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开文一些实施例中的附图，对本公开文一些实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开文本一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开文本中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开文本保护的范围。
除非另作定义，此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开文本所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开文本专利申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“一个”或者“一”等类似词语也不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也相应地改变。
结合图1和2所示，在一些实施例中提供一种液晶棱镜，包括第一基板1和第二基板2，以及设置在第一基板1和第二基板2之间的液晶层3；液晶棱镜划分为多个棱镜单元4，在与每个棱镜单元4对应的第二基板2靠近所述液晶层3的侧面上设置有多个条状电极41，通过调整调整电极上所施加的电压的大小，形成阶梯电场，以使棱镜单元4呈现特定的棱镜形态。特别的是，一些实施例中的液晶棱镜还包括：人脸识别单元5、棱镜形态确定单元6和控制单元7；其中，人脸识别单元5用于识别人脸中的人眼位置信息，并将人眼位置信息发送给控制单元7；棱镜形态确定单元6用于根据其预先存 储的表示人眼位置信息与棱镜形态的对应关系的对应关系映射表，以及人脸识别单元5识别出的人眼位置信息，确定棱镜形态；所述控制单元7用于根据棱镜形态确定单元6所确定的棱镜形态，控制施加在各个所述棱镜单元4的条状电极41上的电压的大小，以使液晶层3中的液晶分子形成相应的棱镜形态。
在此需要说明的是，上述的映射表是预先存储在液晶透镜状态确定单元中的，可以理解的是在液晶透镜状态确定单元中设置有存储模块，在该处模块中存储有上述的查找表。
在一些实施例的液晶棱镜中，通过人脸识别单元5可以检测人眼位置，并通过棱镜形态确定单元6确定人眼位置所对应的棱镜形态，之后通过控制单元7来调整每个棱镜单元4中的棱镜形态，以使观看到正确的光路。由此可知，一些实施例的液晶棱镜更加智能。
一些实施例的液晶棱镜的人脸识别单元5包括：人脸确认模块和人眼追踪模块；其中，人脸确认模块用于检测人脸信息，并确定观看者的数量；人眼追踪模块用于检测人脸确定模块所确定出的每一个观看者的人眼位置信息，并将每个人眼位置信息发送给棱镜形态确定单元6。
具体地，当人脸确认模块检测到人脸信息，并确定出观看者的数量为1个人时，人眼追踪模块将这个人的人眼位置信息发送给棱镜形态确定单元6；此时，棱镜形态确定单元6根据其内的映射表确定出的此人可以观看到画面的棱镜形态，该棱镜形态如图3所示，即每两相邻的棱镜单元4组成一个三角形，其中，“1”所对应的是左眼，“2”所对应的是右眼，从而实现单个人的3D视图显示。
结合图4-7所示，当人脸确认模块检测到人脸信息，并确定出观看者的数量为多个人时，人眼追踪模块将多个人的人眼位置信息发送给棱镜形态确定单元6；此时，棱镜形态确定单元6根据其内的映射表确定出的这多个人分别可以观看到画面所对应的棱镜形态，此时控制单元7则依次控制棱镜单元4的条状电极41上所施加的电压，以使棱镜单元4依次生成与多个人的人眼位置所对应的棱镜形态。例如，依次生成第一个人的左眼所对应的棱镜形态、右眼所对应的棱镜形态；第二个人的左眼所对应的棱镜形态、右眼所对 应的棱镜形态；依此类推生成其他人的左右眼所对应的棱镜形态，从而实现多个人的3D视图显示。
进一步地，无论是上述的单人3D视图显示，还是上述的多人3D视图显示，在采用相关技术中的2D视图显示时的刷新频率进行扫描时，3D视图的分辨率都会降低。因此在一些实施例的液晶棱镜中还设置有液晶高频驱动单元，其用于根据所述人脸确定模块所确定出的观看者的数量，为所述液晶棱镜提供相应的高频刷新频率。
具体地，假设2D视图显示时的刷新频率的为60Hz时，此时单人3D视图显示时，左右眼视图的刷新频率均为60Hz，观看者所观看到的3D视图的刷新频率则为30Hz，明显所显示视图的分辨率下降，在一些实施例中液晶高频驱动单元则可以提高液晶棱镜的刷新频率，将左右眼视图的刷新频率提高为120Hz，此时观看者所观看到的3D视图的刷新频率则为60Hz，从而实现单人全分辨率显示。
同样地，假设2D视图显示时的刷新频率的为60Hz时，此时观看者为多人，例如观看者为两个人(4个观看视点，即视点1、视点2、视点3、视点4)，每个人3D视图显示时，左右眼视图的刷新频率均为60Hz，观看者所观看到的3D视图的刷新频率则为15Hz，明显所显示视图的分辨率下降，在一些实施例中液晶高频驱动单元则可以提高液晶棱镜的刷新频率，将两个观看者(4个观看视点，即视点1、视点2、视点3、视点4)的左右眼视图的刷新频率提高为240Hz，此时观看者所观看到的3D视图的刷新频率则为60Hz，从而实现多人全分辨率显示。
上述的液晶棱镜的每个棱镜单元4中，形成相应的棱镜形态是在第二基板2上设置条状电极41，以形成阶梯电场所致。同理，也可以在第一基板1上设置条状电极41；或者在第一基板1上形成板状电极，在第二基板2上形成条状电极41；亦或者在第一基板1上形成条状电极41，在第二基板2上形成板状电极。当然，无论是哪一种电极的设置方式，均是可以通过调节条状电极41上所施加的电压大小，控制棱镜单元4中所形成的棱镜的形态。
结合图8所示，在一些实施例中提供一种液晶棱镜的驱动方法，液晶棱镜可以采用参照图1-7所述的液晶棱镜。一些实施例中的驱动方法具体包括 如下步骤：
步骤一、识别人脸中的人眼位置信息。其中，可以采用人脸识别单元5对人脸中的人眼位置信息进行检测。
该步骤具体可以包括：首先，检测人脸信息，并确定观看者的数量；之后检测所确定出的每一个观看者的人眼位置信息。
其中，可以通过人脸识别单元5中的人脸确认模块检测人脸信息，并确定观看者的数量；之后通过人脸识别单元5中的人眼追踪模块检测人脸确定模块所确定出的每一个观看者的人眼位置信息，并将每一个观看者的人眼位置信息发送给棱镜形态确定单元6。
步骤二、根据预先存储的表示人眼位置信息与棱镜形态的对应关系的对应关系映射表，以及所识别出的人眼位置信息，确定棱镜形态。
该步骤具体包括：通过棱镜形态确定单元6根据其预先存储的表示人眼位置信息与棱镜形态的对应关系的对应关系映射表，以及人脸识别单元5识别出的人眼位置信息，确定棱镜形态。
步骤三、根据所确定的棱镜形态，控制施加在各个所述棱镜单元4的条状电极41上的电压的大小，以使液晶层3中的液晶分子形成相应的棱镜形态。
该步骤具体包括：通过控制单元7根据棱镜形态确定单元6所确定的棱镜形态，控制施加在各个所述棱镜单元4的条状电极41上的电压的大小，以使液晶层3中的液晶分子形成相应的棱镜形态。
例如，当人脸确认模块检测到人脸信息，并确定出观看者的数量为1个人时，人眼追踪模块将这个人的人眼位置信息发送给棱镜形态确定单元6；此时，棱镜形态确定单元6根据其内的映射表确定出此人可以观看到画面的棱镜形态，该棱镜形态如图3所示，即每两相邻的棱镜单元4组成一个三角形，其中，“1”所对应的是左眼，“2”所对应的是右眼，从而实现单个人的3D视图显示。
当人脸确认模块检测到人脸信息，并确定出观看者的数量为多个人时，人眼追踪模块将多个人的人眼位置信息发送给棱镜形态确定单元6；此时，棱镜形态确定单元6根据其内的映射表确定出这多个人分别可以观看到画面所对应的棱镜形态，此时控制单元7则依次控制棱镜单元4的条状电极41上 所施加的电压，以使棱镜单元4依次生成与多个人的人眼位置所对应的棱镜形态。例如，依次生成第一个人的左眼所对应的棱镜形态、右眼所对应的棱镜形态；第二个人的左眼所对应的棱镜形态、右眼所对应的棱镜形态；依此类推生成其他人的左右眼所对应的棱镜形态，从而实现多个人的3D视图显示。例如，如图4-7所示，这四幅图示意了4个观看视点(视点1至视点4)，也即2个人观看的棱镜形态。
一些实施例所提供的上述液晶棱镜的驱动方法无论是进行单人3D视图显示，还是进行多人3D视图显示，在采用相关技术中的2D视图显示时的刷新频率进行扫描时，3D视图的分辨率都会降低。因此在一些实施例的液晶棱镜的驱动方法还包括：根据所确定出的观看者的数量，为所述液晶棱镜提供相应的高频刷新频率。该步骤可以在步骤一和步骤二之间，也可以在步骤二和步骤三之间，也可以在步骤三之后。
具体地，假设2D视图显示时的刷新频率为60Hz时，此时在进行单人3D视图显示时，左右眼视图的刷新频率均为60Hz，观看者所观看到的3D视图的刷新频率则为30Hz，明显所显示视图的分辨率下降，在一些实施例中液晶高频驱动单元则可以提高液晶棱镜的刷新频率。假设2D视图显示时的刷新频率为60Hz时，此时单人3D视图显示时，左右眼视图的刷新频率均为60Hz，观看者所观看到的3D视图的刷新频率则为30Hz，明显所显示视图的分辨率下降，在一些实施例中液晶高频驱动单元则可以提高液晶棱镜的刷新频率，将左右眼视图的刷新频率提高为120Hz，此时观看者所观看到的3D视图的刷新频率则为60Hz，从而实现单人全分辨率显示。
同样地，假设2D视图显示时的刷新频率为60Hz时，此时观看者为多人，例如观看者为两个人，此时将两个观看者(4个观看视点，即视点1、视点2、视点3、视点4)的左右眼视图的刷新频率提高为240Hz，此时观看者所观看到的3D视图的刷新频率则为60Hz，从而实现多人全分辨率显示。其中，视点1至视点4的驱动方式可以是，视点1至视点4轮流驱动一帧画面的时间为1/240s。当然，也可以按照任意顺序驱动这4个视点对应的视图。
如图9所示，在一些实施例中提供一种显示装置，其包括上述参照图1-7所述的液晶棱镜。该液晶透镜兼作显示面板，通过调节条状电极41上的电压 的大小形成液晶棱镜的同时实现不同灰阶的显示。
该显示装置还包括设置在所述液晶棱镜的入光面侧的背光源10，贴附在所述第二基板2的入光面侧的偏光片8(下偏光片8)，以及设置在所述背光源10与所述偏光片8之间的分光膜9。
其中，背光源10所发出的光经过分光膜9之后，被分离出红、绿、蓝三种不同颜色的光，再经过下偏光片通过液晶透镜实现显示。不难看出的是，在一些实施例的显示装置中无需设置彩膜，且省略了上偏光片，从而实现显示装置的轻薄化。
其中，一些实施例中的显示装置可以为液晶面板、电子纸、手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本公开文本的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本公开文本并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本公开文本的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本公开文本的保护范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种液晶棱镜，包括第一基板、第二基板、设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶层、人脸识别单元、棱镜形态确定单元和控制单元，其中
    所述液晶棱镜被划分为多个棱镜单元，在与每个所述棱镜单元对应的所述第一基板或者所述第二基板靠近所述液晶层的侧面上设置有多个条状电极，所述人脸识别单元用于识别人脸中的人眼位置信息，并将所述人眼位置信息发送给所述控制单元；
    所述棱镜形态确定单元用于根据其预先存储的表示人眼位置信息与棱镜形态之间的对应关系的对应关系映射表、以及所述人脸识别单元识别出的人眼位置信息，确定棱镜形态；以及
    所述控制单元用于根据所述棱镜形态确定单元所确定的棱镜形态，控制施加在各个所述棱镜单元的条状电极上的电压的大小，以使液晶层中的液晶分子形成相应的棱镜形态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶棱镜，其中，所述人脸识别单元包括：人脸确认模块和人眼追踪模块，其中，
    所述人脸确认模块用于检测人脸信息，并确定观看者的数量；
    所述人眼追踪模块用于检测所述人脸确定模块所确定出的每一个观看者的人眼位置信息，并将所述每一个观看者的人眼位置信息发送给所述棱镜形态确定单元。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的液晶棱镜，其中，所述液晶棱镜还包括：液晶高频驱动单元，其用于根据所述人脸确定模块所确定出的观看者的数量，为所述液晶棱镜提供相应的刷新频率。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶棱镜，其中，在所述第一基板和所述第二基板中靠近所述液晶层的侧面上未设置有条状电极的一者靠近所述液晶层的 侧面上设置有板状电极。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶棱镜，其中，所述棱镜形态为每两相邻的棱镜单元组成一个三角形。
  6. 一种用于驱动根据权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的液晶棱镜的方法，包括：
    识别人脸中的人眼位置信息；
    根据预先存储的表示人眼位置信息与棱镜形态之间的对应关系的对应关系映射表、以及所识别出的人眼位置信息，确定棱镜形态；以及
    根据所确定出的棱镜形态，控制施加在各个所述棱镜单元的条状电极上的电压的大小，以使液晶层中的液晶分子形成相应的棱镜形态。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的液晶棱镜的驱动方法，其中，所述识别人脸中的人眼位置信息具体包括：
    检测人脸信息，并确定观看者的数量；以及
    检测所确定出的每一个观看者的人眼位置信息。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的液晶棱镜的驱动方法，还包括：
    根据所确定出的观看者的数量，为所述液晶棱镜提供相应的高频刷新频率。
  9. 一种显示装置，包括根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的液晶棱镜。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置还包括设置在所述液晶棱镜的入光面侧的背光源。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置还包括贴附在所述第二基板的入光面侧的偏光片，以及设置在所述背光源与所述偏光片 之间的分光膜。
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