WO2017171556A1 - Déflecteur d'écoulement annulaire de fond de trou - Google Patents

Déflecteur d'écoulement annulaire de fond de trou Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017171556A1
WO2017171556A1 PCT/NO2017/050075 NO2017050075W WO2017171556A1 WO 2017171556 A1 WO2017171556 A1 WO 2017171556A1 NO 2017050075 W NO2017050075 W NO 2017050075W WO 2017171556 A1 WO2017171556 A1 WO 2017171556A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
well
pipe string
string
annulus
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2017/050075
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Grant KNIGHT
Nader BEHJAT
Craig USHER
Original Assignee
Centraflow As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from NO20161363A external-priority patent/NO342858B1/en
Application filed by Centraflow As filed Critical Centraflow As
Priority to AU2017244288A priority Critical patent/AU2017244288B2/en
Priority to CA3017830A priority patent/CA3017830A1/fr
Priority to BR112018069132A priority patent/BR112018069132A2/pt
Priority to US16/087,894 priority patent/US10808477B2/en
Priority to MYPI2018703458A priority patent/MY192769A/en
Priority to GB1815994.7A priority patent/GB2564339B/en
Publication of WO2017171556A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017171556A1/fr
Priority to SA518400064A priority patent/SA518400064B1/ar

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for directing a fluid flow in an annulus around a pipe string in a horizontal or deviated well.
  • the invention also relates to a pipe string comprising such a device as well as to a method for operating such a device in a well.
  • the invention has for its object to remedy or to reduce at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art, or at least provide a useful alternative to prior art.
  • the invention relates to a device for directing a fluid flow in an annulus around a pipe string in a horizontal or deviated well, the device comprising:
  • an orientation sensing member adapted to distinguish between the high-side and the low-side of the borehole along the well path;
  • a fluid direction member adapted to impede the fluid flow in one portion of the annulus so as to at the same time increase the fluid flow in another portion of the annulus;
  • the device may comprise an orientation member for orienting said fluid direction member in the borehole. It will normally be difficult to predict the orientation of the pipe string when it reaches the depth in the well were the fluid direction member is to be activated. Therefore it may be useful, if needed, to be able to orient the fluid direction member to the preferred orientation before activating it, so as to be able to predict its orientation in the well, and thereby also the direction of the fluid flow.
  • the fluid direction member is adapted to impede the fluid flow on the high-side of the borehole so as to increase the fluid flow on the low-side of the borehole. This will typically be the case when using the device when cementing a casing string or a liner in the well or when cleaning the annulus around the casing string prior to cementing or when cleaning an annulus around a drill string or a work string.
  • the flow direction member will impede the flow of fluid on the high-side of the borehole while improving, i.e. increasing the velocity of, the fluid flow on the low-side. The theory behind this was discussed in the above-referenced SPE/IADC paper.
  • the fluid direction member may in addition or as an alternative be adapted to impede the fluid flow on the low-side of the borehole so as to increase the fluid flow on the high-side of the borehole.
  • This may be useful in gravel packing operations while installing well completion assemblies.
  • the lower completion assembly most commonly includes sand screens. After installing the lower completion assembly to the required depth, an inner string may be run inside the lower completion assembly to the end of the wellbore and used to pump gravel out the end of the lower completion assembly.
  • one or more devices according to the first aspect of the invention are activated to partially block the low-side of the wellbore, this would help to divert the flow of gravel up onto the high side of the lower completion assembly and thereby help to achieve full wellbore coverage of gravel around the lower completion assembly. Rather than having a tendency for 'high side channeling', gravel tends to flow on the lower 50% of the wellbore and therefore achieving full coverage on the high-side is a problem.
  • the orientation sensing member may be a weight member adapted to self- orient the fluid direction member by means of gravity.
  • the weight member may be an integrated part of the fluid direction member or it may be attached to the fluid direction member.
  • This simple embodiment of the device according to the invention may operate without any sophisticated orientation sensing means and the flow direction member means may as such be its own orientation member.
  • the orientation sensing member may be a buoyant member filled or partially filled with air or other buoyant fluids, gases or materials adapted to self-orient the fluid direction member by means of buoyancy.
  • the buoyant member may be an integrated part of the fluid direction member or it may be attached to the fluid direction member.
  • the buoyant member may be designed to run on a low friction surface such as a bearing in order to ensure that the buoyant force overcomes the frictional force required to orientate the member.
  • This embodiment of the device according to the invention may operate without any sophisticated orientation sensing means and the flow direction member means may as such be its own orientation member.
  • the orientation sensing member may comprise a gyroscope, and the orientation member may comprise a downhole, electric motor for orienting said fluid direction member in the borehole.
  • a device according to this more sophisticated embodiment may prove to be more reliable in some applications.
  • the orientation sensing member may comprise simple gravity-based devices, such as a mercury switch or an electrical switch including conductive fluid.
  • the fluid direction member may typically comprise one or more segments/parts adapted to protrude, when in the activated position, from the circumference of the pipe string.
  • the fluid direction member may be an expandable packer or sleeve having a non-uniform radius, or it may be several packer or sleeve segments distributed around the circumference of the pipe string.
  • the fluid direction member may be any object adapted to be orientated or activated so as to extend from the outer surface of the pipe string and into the annulus around.
  • the fluid direction member may also be a sheath, activatable by means of a cone, axially movable relative to the sheath, the sheath covering a segment of the annulus, such as in the order of 90-180°.
  • activation members may be used to activate the fluid direction member once the pipe string has reached a desired depth/location in the well.
  • the activation member may be operateable by means of one of the following sources:
  • biasing member such as a mechanical spring
  • the activation member itself may be a valve or an actuator or the like adapted to be operated by one or more of the sources mentioned above.
  • All of the above-referenced sources of activation may be useful if no de-activation of the fluid direction member is required, i.e. when the fluid direction member may be left in the activated/expanded position in the well after operation. This may be useful when running the fluid direction member into the well as part of a casing string with the aim of improving the distribution of cement in the borehole. The activated fluid direction member may then be left in the well, integrated in the cement.
  • Some of the above-referenced sources, in particular the downhole electric motor may also be useful in case de-activation of the fluid direction member is desirable. This may typically be the case if the fluid direction member is run into the well on a drill string or work string with the aim of improving cleaning of the annulus around the pipe/work string. For subsequent retrieval of the string from the well, it would likely be advantageous if it is possible to de-activate the fluid direction member into a non-expanded or retracted position.
  • Re-settable packers are known in the art.
  • the pipe string may be a drill string or a work string or it may be a casing string or liner.
  • a device according to the first aspect of the invention may typically be integrated between joints or stands of the string. It may comprise one or more segments, as described above, the one or more segments being attached to a bearing, the bearing allowing the fluid direction member to be kept at a substantially fixed orientation while continuing to rotate drill string.
  • a plurality of devices according to the first aspect of the invention may be integrated in a pipe string with axial, and optionally circumferential, distance therebetween.
  • a device according to the first aspect of the invention may typically be integrated between joints of casing or 'slipped-on' to a casing joint using a bearing system.
  • the device according to the first aspect of the invention may only be activated once the casing string is installed at the correct depth. After activation, cementing operations may be performed. The cementing operation would typically include circulating fluid as 'pre- flush', then spacer fluid, then cement.
  • the flow device according to the first aspect of the invention may remain activated and therefore be cemented into the wellbore.
  • the device according to the invention may also be deployed on a coiled tubing string, then as part of the bottom hole assembly (BHA).
  • a device according to the first aspect of the invention may typically be integrated between joints of casing or sand screens as a 'sub assembly' as part of the lower completion assembly or alternatively attached externally to a joint of casing or sand screens on the lower completion assembly.
  • the device according to the first aspect of the invention then serves to divert the flow of 'gravel' in the annular space between the lower completion assembly and the wellbore as described above.
  • the invention relates to a method for directing a fluid flow in a horizontal or deviated well by means of a device according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
  • the activation, and optional de-activation, of the fluid directing member as such may be controllable via signal transmission from the surface of the well.
  • the signals may be transferred wirelessly from the surface.
  • the activation may be automatic in the sense that no signals need to be transferred from the surface for the activation to commence.
  • the activation may be automatically initiated after a certain time, or a down hole indicator/trigger may be embedded in a well construction element, such as in a casing or in a liner, that will be able to communicate locally with a device according to the first aspect of the invention once in the proximity of the trigger.
  • the trigger/indicator may be a RFID tag adapted to communicate with a RFID tag on a device according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • a tag may also be dropped into the casing and pumped down with fluid.
  • the RFID tag may 'tell' the fluid direction member to activate.
  • the device could be designed to recognize a series of pressure pulses either inside the casing or drill pipe or in the annulus.
  • a series of 'repeaters' could be installed on the outside of the casing to allow an electrical telematics signal to be transmitted from the rig all the way down to the tool.
  • the device may be run into the well on a drill string or on a work string, and the method may further comprise the step of:
  • the device may be run into the well on a casing string or liner, where the method may further comprise the step of:
  • the device may be run into the well as part of a bottom hole assembly, and the method may further comprise the step of:
  • Each of the devices will impede the fluid flow in part of the annulus, but instead of orienting the devices to certain orientation in the borehole, the circumferential and axial distribution of the devices ensures an even improvement of the fluid flow around the full circumference of the pipe string.
  • a pipe string such as a drill string, work string, coil tubing or casing or liner string comprising a plurality of such flow diverters distributed axially and circumferentially around the pipe string so as to create a spiralling fluid flow along the axial direction of the pipe string.
  • Activation and optional de-activation of the alternative flow diverter devices may be initiated in a similar way as described above for the devices with the orientation sensing member.
  • the methods described herein for directing a fluid flow in a horizontal of deviated well also apply for a pipe string provided with a plurality of these simplified flow diverter devices.
  • Figs. 1a-c shows a first embodiment of a device according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2a-c shows a second embodiment of a device according to the present invention
  • Fig. 3 shows a t ird embodiment of a device according to the present invention
  • Fig. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of a device according to the present invention in a non- activated position
  • Fig. 5 shows the device from Fig. 4 in an activated position
  • Fig. 6 shows, schematically how activation of a device according to the first aspect of the invention may be initiated
  • Fig. 7 shows a pipe string with a plurality of alternative flow diverter devices.
  • Fig. 8 shows a fifth embodiment of a device according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 shows the device according to Fig. 8 included into a pipe string according to the second aspect of the invention.
  • the reference numeral 1 will be used to indicate a device according to the first aspect of the invention
  • the reference numeral 10 will be used to indicate a pipe string com- prising a device 1 according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • Identical reference numerals refer to identical or similar features in the drawings. It should also be noted that the drawings are shown schematically and simplified and that the various features in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the following the device 1 according to the invention will be referred to as a flow diverter.
  • Figs. 1a, b and c show a first embodiment of a flow diverter 1 in a perspective view and in longitudinal and axial cross-sections, respectively.
  • the flow diverter 1 is shown provided on a pipe string 10, wherein only a short portion of the pipe string 10 is shown in the figures for simplicity.
  • the flow diverter 1 is attached to a not shown bearing in order to enable independent rotation of the pipe string 10 relative to the flow diverter 1.
  • the flow diverter 1 is shown comprising a steel base 2 encircling the pipe string 10, and a fluid direction member 4 in the form of a swellable elastomer packer.
  • the swellable elastomer packer 4 covers about half, i.e.
  • the steel base 2 is further formed with a weight member 6, in the form of a radial protrusion, ensuring that the flow diverter 1 will self-orient itself due to gravity.
  • the radial protrusion 6 will tend to end up at the low-side of the not shown borehole, further implying that the swellable packer 4, in its activated/extended/swelled position, will impeded the flow of fluids on the high-side of the borehole so as to improve the flow on the low-side, in the area between the elastomer packer 4 and the weight member protrusion 6, of the borehole in order to avoid or significantly reduce the problem of cuttings beds described herein.
  • the steel base 2 with the protrusion 6 thus acts both as an orientation sensing member and as an orientation member.
  • the orientation sensing member may be a gyroscope, a mercury switch or similar, while the orientation member may be a downhole electrical motor.
  • This first embodiment constitutes a simple and low-cost implementation of the invention. It may be particularly useful in use when there is no need to de-activate the fluid direction member 4, such as for cleaning and/or cementing an annulus outside a casing string or liner.
  • the swellable elastomer packer 4 acts as its own activation member, in that it is activated in contact with a certain fluid, typically water or oil.
  • Figs. 2a, b and c show a second embodiment of a flow diverter 1 in a perspective view and in longitudinal and axial cross-sections, respectively.
  • the flow diverter differs from the one shown in Figs. 1a-c in that the steel base 2 is formed with three different protrusions 6, acting as weight members for self-orienting the flow diverter 1 , similarly to what was described for the first embodiment above, which may be beneficial for providing more weight for self-orienting the fluid direction member 4.
  • Figs. 3a, b and c show a third embodiment of a flow diverter 1 according to the present invention.
  • a plurality of smaller buttons/lugs 8 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the pipe 10.
  • the idea is that the flow diverter 1 is 'wrapped' with an elastomer packing element 5.
  • the series of buttons 8 are spaced around the circumference of the pipe string 10.
  • buttons 8 will then be extended and thereby deform the elastomer packing element 5 on the high-side of the wellbore and force it to contact the wellbore.
  • buttons of lugs 8 spaced along the length of the pipe string 10 to deform the elastomer packing element 5 over a longer length.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 show a fourth embodiment of a flow diverter 1 according to the present invention.
  • a first portion 12 of the flow diverter 1 is moved axially relative to a second portion 14 of the flow diverter 1 , whereby a activation member in form of a cone 16 acts a wedge to force a sheath 18 radially out from the pipe string 10 and into the not shown annulus around the pipe string 10 in order to impede the fluid flow in a portion of the annulus.
  • the sheath 18 covers about one fourth, i.e. 90° segment, of the circumference/annulus around the pipe.
  • the relative, axial motion of the two parts 12, 14 of the flow diverter may be initiated by a downho!e actuator 28, as shown schematically in Fig. 6.
  • the fourth embodiment may be suitable for operations where de-activation of the flow direction member may be desirable.
  • the cone 16 and 18 comprises different segments that are separately activatable, depending on the sensed orientation of the device 1 in the wellbore as described herein.
  • FIG. 6 shows simplified and schematically how activation and de-activation of the "sheath and cone" embodiment according to Fig. 4 and 5 may be initiated.
  • a sensor switch 20 receives a signal, by any means described herein, to activate the flow diverter 1 as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • An operation switch 22 is then activated so as to close an electro-circuit 24 in which a pair of batteries 26 is provided as a power source.
  • the batteries 26 activate a hydraulic actuator 28, hydraulic fluid flowing from the actuator 28 through a valve 30 to a piston 32.
  • the hydraulic force extends a piston rod 34 into contact with the cone 16, forcing the cone 16 in under the sheath 18 to force the sheath 18 radially out from the pipe string as described above.
  • the valve 30 may be closed to maintain its activated position.
  • the sheath 18 may subsequently be de-activated/retracted by opening the valve 30 and reversing the activation process.
  • Fig. 7 shows a pipe string 10 provided with a plurality of simplified flow diverter devices 3, not provided with any orientation sensing members or orientation members.
  • the simplified flow diverters 3 are distributed axially and circumferentially along the pipe string 10 so as to create an even, spiralling fluid flow along axial direction of the pipe string 10 once activated. Due to the distribution of multiple flow diverters 3 along the pipe string 10, there is no need to sense the orientation or to orient the flow diverters, as the pipe string and flow diverters will always be in the "right" orientation. Activation and optional de-activation of the flow diverters 3 may be initiated as for the flow diverters 1 described herein.
  • Fig. 8 shows, schematically and simplified, a fifth embodiment of a flow diverter 1 according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the flow diverter is provided with an orientation sensing member in the form of a buoyancy member 36.
  • the buoyancy member 36 is a pocket filled with a gas such as air or any other fluid with a sufficiently low specific gravity for the buoyancy member 36 to float up to an upper portion of a not shown annulus.
  • the buoyancy member 36 is included into a sleeve 38, where an upper portion of the sleeve containing the buoyancy member 36 acts as a fluid direction member 4 by protruding into the high-side of the not shown annulus.
  • Fig. 9 shows the embodiment from Fig. 8 as included into a pipe string 10 in an exploded view.
  • the sleeve 38 is rotatably supported on a low-frictional surface 44 of the pipe string 10, while further being connected to two centralizers 42 via axial bearings 40, implying that the sleeve 38 with the buoyancy member 36 may rotate around the pipe string 10 independently of the centralizers 42. It may be useful to use centralizers 42 in combination with the other flow diverters 1 discussed herein in order to provide an improved stand-off between the pipe string 10 and the wall of the borehole.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (1) pour diriger un écoulement de fluide dans un espace annulaire autour d'un train de tiges (10) dans un puits horizontal ou dévié, le dispositif comprenant : - un élément de détection d'orientation (2, 6) adapté pour faire la distinction entre le côté haut et le côté bas du trou de forage le long du trajet de puits ; - un élément de direction de fluide (4) adapté pour empêcher l'écoulement de fluide dans une partie de l'espace annulaire de façon à augmenter simultanément l'écoulement de fluide dans une autre partie de l'espace annulaire ; et - un élément d'activation (16) pour activer ledit élément de direction de fluide (4) dans le puits. L'invention concerne également un train de tiges (10) comprenant un dispositif (1) selon l'invention, ainsi qu'un procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif (1) selon l'invention.
PCT/NO2017/050075 2016-04-01 2017-03-28 Déflecteur d'écoulement annulaire de fond de trou WO2017171556A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2017244288A AU2017244288B2 (en) 2016-04-01 2017-03-28 Downhole annular flow diverter
CA3017830A CA3017830A1 (fr) 2016-04-01 2017-03-28 Deflecteur d'ecoulement annulaire de fond de trou
BR112018069132A BR112018069132A2 (pt) 2016-04-01 2017-03-28 desviador de fluxo anelar no fundo do poço
US16/087,894 US10808477B2 (en) 2016-04-01 2017-03-28 Downhole annular flow diverter
MYPI2018703458A MY192769A (en) 2016-04-01 2017-03-28 Device and method for directing a fluid flow in an annulus around a pipe string
GB1815994.7A GB2564339B (en) 2016-04-01 2017-03-28 Downhole annular flow diverter
SA518400064A SA518400064B1 (ar) 2016-04-01 2018-09-20 محوِّل التدفق الحلقي أسفل البئر

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20160522 2016-04-01
NO20160522 2016-04-01
NO20161363A NO342858B1 (en) 2016-04-01 2016-08-26 Method and device for directing a fluid flow in an annulus around a pipe string
NO20161363 2016-08-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017171556A1 true WO2017171556A1 (fr) 2017-10-05

Family

ID=59964912

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2017/050075 WO2017171556A1 (fr) 2016-04-01 2017-03-28 Déflecteur d'écoulement annulaire de fond de trou

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2017171556A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023086162A1 (fr) * 2021-11-15 2023-05-19 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Concentrateur de particules de fluide pour détection améliorée dans un fluide de puits de forage

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5086842A (en) * 1989-09-07 1992-02-11 Institut Francais Du Petrole Device and installation for the cleaning of drains, particularly in a petroleum production well
US20040040749A1 (en) * 2002-08-28 2004-03-04 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method and apparatus for removing cuttings
US20140262266A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Charles Ingold Cementing tool
WO2015094163A1 (fr) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-25 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Outils et procédés d'orientation de tubage se basant sur la gravité

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5086842A (en) * 1989-09-07 1992-02-11 Institut Francais Du Petrole Device and installation for the cleaning of drains, particularly in a petroleum production well
US20040040749A1 (en) * 2002-08-28 2004-03-04 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method and apparatus for removing cuttings
US20140262266A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Charles Ingold Cementing tool
WO2015094163A1 (fr) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-25 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Outils et procédés d'orientation de tubage se basant sur la gravité

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023086162A1 (fr) * 2021-11-15 2023-05-19 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Concentrateur de particules de fluide pour détection améliorée dans un fluide de puits de forage
US11933164B2 (en) 2021-11-15 2024-03-19 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Fluid particulate concentrator for enhanced sensing in a wellbore fluid
GB2624571A (en) * 2021-11-15 2024-05-22 Halliburton Energy Services Inc Fluid particulate concentrator for enhanced sensing in a wellbore fluid

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