WO2017171130A1 - Dual energy x-ray detector using multiple gas electron multiplier detector, and x-ray image capturing system - Google Patents

Dual energy x-ray detector using multiple gas electron multiplier detector, and x-ray image capturing system Download PDF

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WO2017171130A1
WO2017171130A1 PCT/KR2016/004342 KR2016004342W WO2017171130A1 WO 2017171130 A1 WO2017171130 A1 WO 2017171130A1 KR 2016004342 W KR2016004342 W KR 2016004342W WO 2017171130 A1 WO2017171130 A1 WO 2017171130A1
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energy
ray
anode
image
detector
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
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이레나
이순혁
정재훈
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이화여자대학교 산학협력단
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/48—Diagnostic techniques
    • A61B6/482—Diagnostic techniques involving multiple energy imaging
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/40—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4007—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a plurality of source units
    • A61B6/4014—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a plurality of source units arranged in multiple source-detector units
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
    • G01N23/207—Diffractometry using detectors, e.g. using a probe in a central position and one or more displaceable detectors in circumferential positions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
    • G01N23/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
    • G01N23/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion
    • G01N23/2251—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion using incident electron beams, e.g. scanning electron microscopy [SEM]
    • G01N23/2252—Measuring emitted X-rays, e.g. electron probe microanalysis [EPMA]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an X-ray detection apparatus and an X-ray imaging system, and more particularly, to obtain X-ray detection and images of low energy and high energy regions simultaneously with one device and one X-ray source.
  • the present invention relates to a dual-energy X-ray detection apparatus using a multi-gas electron amplification detector and an X-ray imaging X-ray imaging system.
  • Radiation utilization technology continues to develop remarkably now in various fields such as medical fields such as positron emission tomography, X-ray CT, industrial fields such as various non-destructive inspections, and security fields such as radiation monitors and belonging inspections.
  • the radiographic image detector is an element technology occupying an important position in the radiation use technology, and according to the development of the radiation use technology, higher performance is required for detection sensitivity, position resolution of the incident position of the radiation, or counting rate characteristics. .
  • the particle beam image detection device detects electrons generated by the incident particle beam ionizing gas molecules with a pixel type electrode, and has excellent position resolution and counting characteristics, and can easily enlarge the regret region, and at a low cost. It has the advantage of being able to manufacture.
  • the energy is fixed, so that the sharpness is differently detected according to the X-ray transmittance of the subject.
  • two X-ray sources with different energies may be used to synthesize the images, or one source may be used to filter the bones or tissues.
  • Dual energy X-ray detection apparatus and X-ray imaging X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector according to the present invention has the following problems.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a dual-energy X-ray detection apparatus and an imaging system capable of acquiring high-resolution composite images by acquiring clear images of two energy X-ray energy regions with one device.
  • a first aspect of the present invention is to provide a dual-energy X-ray detection apparatus using a multi-gas electron amplification detector, GEM chamber; Cathode; A low-energy X-ray reaction first scintillator, a first detection device for detecting low-energy X-rays comprising a GEM foil and a first anode arranged side by side; And a second detection device for detecting high energy X-rays configured by a high energy X-ray reaction second scintillator, a GEM foil, and a second anode arranged side by side, wherein the first detection device and the second detection device Is arranged in series in the X-ray direction inside the GEM chamber.
  • the cathode may include a first cathode disposed in the first detection device corresponding to the first anode; And a second cathode disposed in the second detection device corresponding to the second anode, wherein the first scintillator is made of ZnSe or CsI, and the second scintillator is made of Gd 2 O 2. It is preferable to make the material, and it is preferable that the said 1st anode is a low energy X-ray blocking filter.
  • a second feature of the present invention is a dual energy X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector, wherein a GEM chamber, a cathode, a low energy X-ray reactive first scintillator, a GEM foil and a first anode
  • the first detection device for detecting low energy X-rays arranged side by side and the high energy X-ray detection second for high energy X-ray reaction second scintillator, GEM foil, and second anode are arranged side by side
  • the first detection device and the second detection device comprise: a dual energy X-ray detection device arranged in series in the X-ray direction within the GEM chamber; An image generator connected to the first anode and the second anode to generate a low energy image and a high energy image; And an image synthesizer configured to synthesize the low energy image and the high energy image.
  • the image generator may include: a low energy image generator connected to the first anode to generate a low energy X-ray image; And a high energy image generating unit connected to the second anode to generate a high energy X-ray image, wherein the high energy image generating unit includes an object stored in a database in an image generated by capturing a subject. It is preferable to generate a high energy image by subtracting an image taken without a subject.
  • the cathode may include a first cathode disposed in the first detection device corresponding to the first anode; And a second cathode disposed in the second detection device corresponding to the second anode, wherein the first anode and the second anode are grating-shaped electrodes, and one grating corresponds to one pixel of the image. desirable.
  • the first scintillator is preferably ZnSe or CsI, and the second scintillator is preferably Gd 2 O 2 .
  • the dual energy X-ray detection apparatus and the X-ray image X-ray imaging system using the multi-gas electron amplification detector according to the present invention have the following effects.
  • the present invention configures two GEM layers having different sensitivity according to the photon energy, so that X-ray detection and image of low-energy and high-energy regions can be simultaneously obtained with one X-ray source.
  • the present invention obtains a clear image of two energy X-ray energy regions by using a single device by using a reaction scintillator and an anode used as a filter in different energy regions installed in two layers.
  • a dual energy X-ray detection apparatus and an imaging system capable of acquiring a composite image.
  • the present invention can be applied to a low-cost dual-energy tomography apparatus with a simple configuration, and provides a dual-energy X-ray detection apparatus and an imaging system capable of clearly distinguishing substances of hard tissues such as soft tissues and bones.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a dual energy X-ray detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing the configuration of a dual energy X-ray imaging system as another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of acquiring high energy X-ray images in an X-ray imaging system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing a grid-shaped anode applied to the dual-energy X-ray imaging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the dual energy X-ray detection apparatus 100 includes a GEM chamber 110, a cathode, a low energy X-ray reactive first scintillator 133, and a GEM.
  • a first detection device for detecting low energy X-rays wherein the foils 135 and 155 and the first anode 137 are arranged side by side, the high energy X-ray reaction second scintillator 153, the GEM foils 135 and 155, and the first detection device.
  • anodes 157 are arranged side by side, including a second detection device for high-energy X-ray detection, wherein the first detection device and the second detection device in the X-ray direction inside the GEM chamber 110 It is characterized by being arranged in series.
  • the present invention proposes a dual-energy X-ray detection device capable of X-ray imaging with two energies but one X-ray source and an X-ray imaging system using the detection device.
  • the dual energy X-ray detection apparatus 100 includes a GEM chamber 110, a cathode, a low energy X-ray reactive first scintillator 133, and a GEM.
  • a first detection device for detecting low energy X-rays wherein the foils 135 and 155 and the first anode 137 are arranged side by side, the high energy X-ray reaction second scintillator 153, the GEM foils 135 and 155, and the first detection device.
  • anodes 157 are arranged side by side, including a second detection device for high-energy X-ray detection, wherein the first detection device and the second detection device in the X-ray direction inside the GEM chamber 110 It is characterized by being arranged in series.
  • the present invention proposes a dual-energy X-ray detection device capable of X-ray imaging with two energies but one X-ray source and an X-ray imaging system using the detection device.
  • the energy is fixed, so that the sharpness is detected differently according to the X-ray transmittance of the subject.
  • a medical X-ray detector it is difficult for bone and tissue to maintain the same clarity without a separate device in one detector. Therefore, in order to capture images of bones and tissues while maintaining similar clarity, two X-ray sources with different energies may be used to synthesize the images, or one source may be used to filter the bones or tissues.
  • two X-ray sources with different energies may be used to synthesize the images, or one source may be used to filter the bones or tissues.
  • an embodiment of the present invention proposes an apparatus and an X-ray imaging system using the same so that one X-ray source can measure two energies simultaneously.
  • the dual-energy X-ray detection apparatus 100 includes two X-rays capable of detecting low energy and high energy, respectively, in one GEM chamber 110.
  • a structure in which the first and second detection devices are arranged in series in the X-ray direction is proposed.
  • the first detection device detects low energy X-rays, and the high energy X-rays passing through the first detection device are detected by the second detection device.
  • the first detection device has a structure in which the first scintillator 133 for low energy detection, the GEM foils 135 and 155, and the first anode 137, which is an anode connected to a readout circuit, are arranged side by side.
  • the second detection device is a device for detecting high energy X-rays and is disposed in series in the X-ray direction immediately adjacent to the lower end of the first detection device.
  • the second detection device includes a second scintillator 153, a GEM foil 135 and 155, and a second anode 157 that is an anode connected to a readout circuit, and the second cathode 151, which is a cathode, includes a second It can also be provided in the upper part of the scintillator 153, and it is also possible to arrange
  • the first detection device and the second detection device are disposed in series in the X-ray direction in one GEM chamber 110, whereby the X-rays incident into the chamber 110 are first scintillated.
  • the second scintillator 153 is used. And a device that is detected step by step by the second detection device.
  • a gas electron amplifier (hereinafter referred to as a GEM) is a kind of gas ionization detector that detects radiation based on charges generated when particles or radiation ionize gas particles.
  • Conventional gas ionization detectors have poor detection performance due to the low rate of ionized charge reaching the cathode, but the GEM detector includes one or more GEM foils 135 and 155 in the gas chamber 110 to amplify the number of charges. It is suitable for the dual energy X-ray detection apparatus 100 and the imaging system according to the embodiment of the present invention in that the detection performance is improved because it can be made.
  • the GEM foils 135 and 155 are flat plates formed by thinly forming a metal layer such as copper on both sides of a thin insulator substrate of several tens to hundreds of micrometers having many holes having a diameter of tens of micrometers and a gap of several tens to hundreds of micrometers.
  • the insulator substrate may be made of, for example, a Kapton material. Kapton materials are widely used as insulators because of their stable and excellent insulation performance from cryogenic temperatures of -269 ° C to high temperatures of 400 ° C.
  • a scintillator is a material that is coated with a fluorescent material that emits light when it hits radiation or is made of a fluorescent material. That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, as the scintillator for X-ray detection, the first scintillator 133 is a low energy X-ray detection scintillator, and the second scintillator 153 is a high energy X-ray detection As the scintillator, the first scintillator 133 uses a material that emits light in response to low energy X-rays, and the second scintillator 153 uses a material that emits light in response to high energy X-rays. It is preferable to use. In the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the first scintillator 133 is made of ZnSe or CsI, and the second scintillator 153 is made of Gd 2 O 2 .
  • the X-rays exemplified in the embodiment of the present invention are low-energy X-rays capable of obtaining an image suitable for low energy, such as tissue, in a low-energy region of X-rays generated by a specific voltage from one source.
  • low-energy X-rays capable of obtaining an image suitable for low energy, such as tissue, in a low-energy region of X-rays generated by a specific voltage from one source.
  • high energy region such as bones
  • the high-energy region and the low-energy region may be set based on a corresponding reference applied voltage to distinguish the image of the detection object, and accordingly, a scintillator and
  • the X-ray detection and the image can be classified according to the type of gas.
  • the dual energy X-ray imaging system includes a GEM chamber 110, a cathode, a low energy X-ray reactive first scintillator 133, and a GEM foil ( 135,155 and the first anode 137 is arranged side by side, the first detection device for low energy X-ray detection, and the high energy X-ray reaction second scintillator 153, GEM foils (135, 155), second
  • the anode 157 is configured to include a second detection device for detecting high energy X-rays arranged side by side, wherein the first detection device and the second detection device in series in the X-ray direction inside the GEM chamber 110 A dual energy X-ray detector 100 disposed;
  • An image generator 200 connected to the first anode 137 and the second anode 157 to generate
  • the dual energy X-ray imaging system illustrated in FIG. 2 is connected to each anode electrode of the dual energy X-ray detecting apparatus 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 to generate a low energy and high energy X-ray image. It includes a generator 200 and an image synthesizer 300 for synthesizing the low-energy and high-energy X-ray images generated from the image generator 200.
  • the first scintillator 133 of the upper layer uses a scintillator composed of materials such as ZnSe and CsI, which are sensitive to low energy, and the second scintillator 153 layer is formed of Gd 2 O 2 .
  • a readout circuit and image reconstruction software according to each anode are provided.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of high energy X-ray imaging in an X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the energy of X-ray source is determined according to the voltage. For example, when the voltage of 70kV is used, energy of 70kV or less is generated. X-rays from the same source have both low energy and high energy, and when the X-rays pass through the subject and reach the GEM detection device, the low energy of the upper layer In the high energy region of the lower layer, an image suitable for high energy, such as bone, is acquired in the high energy region of the lower layer.
  • the high-energy X-ray image acquired in the lower region includes not only an image of bone but also an image of a GEM and an anode, which constitute the upper layer. Therefore, as shown in Figure 3, the high-energy image generating unit 200 of the lower layer needs to remove the background (image) including the GEM and the anode described above.
  • the GEM detector of the lower layer second detection device that is responsible for high energy may be provided separately from the first cathode 131 and the second cathode 151 as shown in FIG. 2.
  • one cathode in the upper layer first detection device may be shared. In this case, if a separate cathode is used for the lower second detection device, the filtering function may be performed to prevent the transmission of low energy, depending on the material.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a grid-shaped anode applied to a dual-energy X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminals of the first anode 137 and the second anode 157 of the low energy and high energy region detection device of the GEM detection device applied to the embodiment of the present invention are two-dimensional lattice-shaped grid electrodes, respectively.
  • the coordinates of one pixel of the image are determined according to the two-dimensional x and y coordinates of each electrode, and the area of the grid is the size of one pixel in the image. As a result, the total number of grids becomes the resolution of one image.
  • the present invention relates to an X-ray detection apparatus and an X-ray imaging system, and more particularly, to obtain X-ray detection and images of low energy and high energy regions simultaneously with one device and one X-ray source.
  • the present invention relates to a dual-energy X-ray detector and an X-ray imaging X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a dual energy X-ray detector using a multiple gas electron multiplier (GEM) detector, and an X-ray image capturing system. The present invention comprises: a GEM chamber; a cathode; a first detector for low energy X-ray detection having arranged in parallel a first scintillator reacting with a low energy x-ray, a GEM foil and a first anode; and a second detector for high energy X-ray detection having arranged in parallel a second scintillator reacting with a high energy x-ray, a GEM foil and a second anode, wherein the first detector and the second detector are arranged in series inside the GEM chamber in the direction of the X-rays.

Description

다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치 및 X-선 영상 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템Dual Energy X-ray Detector and X-ray Imaging X-ray Imaging System Using Multi-Gas Electron Amplification Detector
본 발명은 X-선 검출장치 및 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 하나의 장치 및 하나의 X-선 소스로 동시에 저에너지 및 고에너지 영역의 X-선 검출 및 영상을 획득할 수 있는 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치 및 X-선 영상 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an X-ray detection apparatus and an X-ray imaging system, and more particularly, to obtain X-ray detection and images of low energy and high energy regions simultaneously with one device and one X-ray source. The present invention relates to a dual-energy X-ray detection apparatus using a multi-gas electron amplification detector and an X-ray imaging X-ray imaging system.
방사선 이용 기술은 양전자 단층 촬영, X선 CT 등의 의료 분야, 각종 비파괴 검사 등의 공업 분야, 및 방사선 모니터나 소지품 검사 등의 보안 분야 등 다방면에 걸쳐, 현재도 눈부신 발전을 계속하고 있다.Radiation utilization technology continues to develop remarkably now in various fields such as medical fields such as positron emission tomography, X-ray CT, industrial fields such as various non-destructive inspections, and security fields such as radiation monitors and belonging inspections.
방사선 화상 검출기는, 방사선 이용 기술의 중요한 위치를 차지하는 요소 기술이며, 방사선 이용 기술의 발전에 따라, 검출 감도, 방사선의 입사 위치에 대한 위치 분해능, 또는 계수율 특성에 대해서 보다 고도의 성능이 요구되고 있다.The radiographic image detector is an element technology occupying an important position in the radiation use technology, and according to the development of the radiation use technology, higher performance is required for detection sensitivity, position resolution of the incident position of the radiation, or counting rate characteristics. .
또한, 방사선 이용 기술의 보급에 따라, 방사선 화상 검출기의 저비용화 및 유감(有感) 영역의 대면적화도 요구되고 있다. 상기 방사선 화상 검출기에 대한 요구에 응하기 위하여, 픽셀형 전극에 의한 가스 증폭을 이용한 입자선 영상 검출장치가 개발되었다. 해당 입자선 영상 검출장치는, 입사 입자선이 가스 분자를 전리하여 생성된 전자를 픽셀형 전극으로 검출하는 것으로, 위치 분해능 및 계수율 특성이 우수하고, 유감 영역을 용이하게 대형화할 수 있으며, 염가로 제작할 수 있다는 이점을 갖는다.In addition, with the spread of the radiation utilization technology, the cost reduction of the radiographic image detector and the large area of the oil relieving area are also required. In order to meet the demand for the radiographic image detector, a particle beam image detection apparatus using gas amplification by a pixelated electrode has been developed. The particle beam image detection device detects electrons generated by the incident particle beam ionizing gas molecules with a pixel type electrode, and has excellent position resolution and counting characteristics, and can easily enlarge the regret region, and at a low cost. It has the advantage of being able to manufacture.
그러나, 일반적인 X-선 검출장치는 에너지가 고정되어 있어서 대상체(subject)의 X선 투과도에 따라서 그 선명도가 다르게 검출된다. 예를 들어, 의료용 X-선 검출장치일 경우 뼈 (bone)와 조직 (tissue)이 한 검출기에서 별도의 장치 없이는 똑같은 선명도를 유지하기 어렵다. However, in the general X-ray detection apparatus, the energy is fixed, so that the sharpness is differently detected according to the X-ray transmittance of the subject. For example, in the case of a medical X-ray detector, it is difficult for bone and tissue to maintain the same clarity without a separate device in one detector.
따라서 뼈와 조직을 유사한 선명도를 유지하면서 영상을 촬영하기 위해서는 다른 에너지를 갖는 2개의 X-선 소스를 사용하여 각각 촬영하여 영상을 합성하거나, 하나의 소스를 사용하되, 뼈, 혹은 조직에 맞는 필터(Filter)를 사용해서 한 종류의 물질에만 선명도를 맞춰서 역시 각각 촬영하여 영상을 합성할 수밖에 없는 문제점이 있다.Therefore, in order to capture images of bones and tissues while maintaining similar clarity, two X-ray sources with different energies may be used to synthesize the images, or one source may be used to filter the bones or tissues. There is a problem in that it is necessary to synthesize images by shooting each of them by adjusting the sharpness to only one type of material using (Filter).
본 발명에 따른 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치 및 X-선 영상 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템은 다음과 같은 해결과제를 가진다.Dual energy X-ray detection apparatus and X-ray imaging X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector according to the present invention has the following problems.
첫째, 본 발명은 하나의 X-선 소스로 동시에 저에너지 및 고에너지 영역의 X-선 검출 및 영상을 획득할 수 있는 이중에너지 X-선 검출장치 및 영상 촬영 시스템을 제공하고자 함이다.First, it is an object of the present invention to provide a dual-energy X-ray detection apparatus and an imaging system capable of simultaneously acquiring X-ray detection and images of low energy and high energy regions with one X-ray source.
둘째, 본 발명은 하나의 장치로 두 개의 에너지 X-선 에너지 영역의 선명한 영상을 획득하여 고해상도의 합성 영상을 획득할 수 있는 이중에너지 X-선 검출장치 및 영상 촬영 시스템을 제공하고자 함이다.Second, an object of the present invention is to provide a dual-energy X-ray detection apparatus and an imaging system capable of acquiring high-resolution composite images by acquiring clear images of two energy X-ray energy regions with one device.
본 발명의 해결과제는 이상에서 언급한 것들에 한정되지 않으며, 언급되지 아니한 다른 해결과제들은 아래의 기재로부터 당업자에게 명확하게 이해될 수 있을 것이다.The problems of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.
상술한 과제를 해결하고자 하는 본 발명의 제1 특징은 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치로, GEM 챔버; 캐소드; 저에너지 X-선 반응 제1 신틸레이터, GEM 포일 및 제1 애노드가 나란히 배치되어 구성되는 저에너지 X-선 검출용 제1 검출장치; 및 고에너지 X-선 반응 제2 신틸레이터, GEM 포일, 제2 애노드가 나란히 배치되어 구성되는 고에너지 X-선 검출용 제2 검출장치를 포함하여 구성하되, 제1 검출장치 및 제2 검출장치는 GEM 챔버 내부에서 X-선 방향으로 직렬 배치되는 것이다.A first aspect of the present invention is to provide a dual-energy X-ray detection apparatus using a multi-gas electron amplification detector, GEM chamber; Cathode; A low-energy X-ray reaction first scintillator, a first detection device for detecting low-energy X-rays comprising a GEM foil and a first anode arranged side by side; And a second detection device for detecting high energy X-rays configured by a high energy X-ray reaction second scintillator, a GEM foil, and a second anode arranged side by side, wherein the first detection device and the second detection device Is arranged in series in the X-ray direction inside the GEM chamber.
또한, 상기 캐소드는, 제1 애노드에 대응되어 제1 검출장치에 배치되는 제1 캐소드; 및 제2 애노드에 대응되어 제2 검출장치에 배치되는 제2 캐소드를 포함하는 것이 바람직하고, 상기 제1 신틸레이터는, ZnSe 또는 CsI를 재질로 하고, 상기 제2 신틸레이터는, Gd2O2를 재질로 하는 것이 바람직하며, 상기 제1 애노드는, 저에너지 X-선 저지용 필터인 것이 바람직하다.In addition, the cathode may include a first cathode disposed in the first detection device corresponding to the first anode; And a second cathode disposed in the second detection device corresponding to the second anode, wherein the first scintillator is made of ZnSe or CsI, and the second scintillator is made of Gd 2 O 2. It is preferable to make the material, and it is preferable that the said 1st anode is a low energy X-ray blocking filter.
그리고, 본 발명의 제2 특징은 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템으로, GEM 챔버와, 캐소드와, 저에너지 X-선 반응 제1 신틸레이터, GEM 포일 및 제1 애노드가 나란히 배치되어 구성되는 저에너지 X-선 검출용 제1 검출장치와, 및 고에너지 X-선 반응 제2 신틸레이터, GEM 포일, 제2 애노드가 나란히 배치되어 구성되는 고에너지 X-선 검출용 제2 검출장치를 포함하여 구성하되, 제1 검출장치 및 제2 검출장치는 GEM 챔버 내부에서 X-선 방향으로 직렬 배치되는 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치; 제1 애노드 및 제2 애노드와 연결되어 저에너지 영상 및 고에너지 영상을 생성하는 영상 생성부; 및 저에너지 영상 및 고에너지 영상을 합성하여 생성하는 영상 합성부를 포함한다.A second feature of the present invention is a dual energy X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector, wherein a GEM chamber, a cathode, a low energy X-ray reactive first scintillator, a GEM foil and a first anode The first detection device for detecting low energy X-rays arranged side by side and the high energy X-ray detection second for high energy X-ray reaction second scintillator, GEM foil, and second anode are arranged side by side And a detection device, wherein the first detection device and the second detection device comprise: a dual energy X-ray detection device arranged in series in the X-ray direction within the GEM chamber; An image generator connected to the first anode and the second anode to generate a low energy image and a high energy image; And an image synthesizer configured to synthesize the low energy image and the high energy image.
여기서, 상기 영상 생성부는, 상기 제1 애노드와 연결되어 저에너지 X-선 영상을 생성하는 저에너지 영상 생성부; 및 상기 제2 애노드와 연결되어 고에너지 X-선 영상을 생성하는 고에너지 영상 생성부를 포함하는 것이 바람직하고, 상기 고에너지 영상 생성부는, 대상체(subject) 촬영하여 생성된 영상에서 데이터 베이스에 저장된 대상체(subject)가 없이 촬영된 영상을 차감하여 고에너지 영상을 생성하는 것이 바람직하다.The image generator may include: a low energy image generator connected to the first anode to generate a low energy X-ray image; And a high energy image generating unit connected to the second anode to generate a high energy X-ray image, wherein the high energy image generating unit includes an object stored in a database in an image generated by capturing a subject. It is preferable to generate a high energy image by subtracting an image taken without a subject.
또한, 상기 캐소드는, 제1 애노드에 대응되어 제1 검출장치에 배치되는 제1 캐소드; 및 제2 애노드에 대응되어 제2 검출장치에 배치되는 제2 캐소드를 포함하는 것이 바람직하고, 제1 애노드 및 제2 애노드는, 격자 형태의 전극으로, 격자 하나가 이미지의 1 픽셀에 대응되는 것이 바람직하다.In addition, the cathode may include a first cathode disposed in the first detection device corresponding to the first anode; And a second cathode disposed in the second detection device corresponding to the second anode, wherein the first anode and the second anode are grating-shaped electrodes, and one grating corresponds to one pixel of the image. desirable.
그리고, 상기 제1 신틸레이터는, ZnSe 또는 CsI를 재질로 하고, 상기 제2 신틸레이터는, Gd2O2를 재질로 하는 것이 바람직하다.The first scintillator is preferably ZnSe or CsI, and the second scintillator is preferably Gd 2 O 2 .
본 발명에 따른 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치 및 X-선 영상 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템은 다음과 같은 효과를 가진다.The dual energy X-ray detection apparatus and the X-ray image X-ray imaging system using the multi-gas electron amplification detector according to the present invention have the following effects.
첫째, 본 발명은 광자 에너지에 따른 서로 다른 감도를 갖는 두 개의 GEM 레이어를 구성하여, 하나의 X-선 소스로 동시에 저에너지 및 고에너지 영역의 X-선 검출 및 영상을 획득할 수 있는 이중에너지 X-선 검출장치 및 영상 촬영 시스템을 제공한다.First, the present invention configures two GEM layers having different sensitivity according to the photon energy, so that X-ray detection and image of low-energy and high-energy regions can be simultaneously obtained with one X-ray source. Provides a line detection device and an imaging system.
둘째, 본 발명은 두 개의 레이어에 설치되는 서로 다른 에너지 영역의 반응 신틸레이터 및 필터로 사용되는 애노드 등을 이용하여, 하나의 장치로 두 개의 에너지 X-선 에너지 영역의 선명한 영상을 획득하여 고해상도의 합성 영상을 획득할 수 있는 이중에너지 X-선 검출장치 및 영상 촬영 시스템을 제공한다.Secondly, the present invention obtains a clear image of two energy X-ray energy regions by using a single device by using a reaction scintillator and an anode used as a filter in different energy regions installed in two layers. Provided are a dual energy X-ray detection apparatus and an imaging system capable of acquiring a composite image.
셋째, 본 발명은 간단한 구성으로 저가형 이중 에너지 단층촬영 장치에 적용이 가능하고, 신체 연조직과 뼈와 같은 경조직의 물질을 선명하게 구별 가능한 이중에너지 X-선 검출장치 및 영상 촬영 시스템을 제공한다.Third, the present invention can be applied to a low-cost dual-energy tomography apparatus with a simple configuration, and provides a dual-energy X-ray detection apparatus and an imaging system capable of clearly distinguishing substances of hard tissues such as soft tissues and bones.
본 발명의 효과는 이상에서 언급한 것들에 한정되지 않으며, 언급되지 아니한 다른 해결과제들은 아래의 기재로부터 당업자에게 명확하게 이해될 수 있을 것이다.The effects of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.
도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치의 구성 단면도이다.1 is a cross-sectional view of a dual energy X-ray detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명의 또 다른 실시예로서, 이중 에너지 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템을 구성을 나타낸 도면이다.2 is a view showing the configuration of a dual energy X-ray imaging system as another embodiment of the present invention.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 X-선 영상 시스템에서 고에너지 X-선 영상의 취득 모식도이다. 3 is a schematic diagram of acquiring high energy X-ray images in an X-ray imaging system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
도 4는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 이중 에너지 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템에 적용되는 격자 모양의 애노드를 나타낸 모식도이다.Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing a grid-shaped anode applied to the dual-energy X-ray imaging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치(100)의 구성 단면도이다. 도 1에 나타낸 바와 같이, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치(100)는, GEM 챔버(110)와, 캐소드와, 저에너지 X-선 반응 제1 신틸레이터(133), GEM 포일(135,155) 및 제1 애노드(137)가 나란히 배치되어 구성되는 저에너지 X-선 검출용 제1 검출장치와, 고에너지 X-선 반응 제2 신틸레이터(153), GEM 포일(135,155), 제2 애노드(157)가 나란히 배치되어 구성되는 고에너지 X-선 검출용 제2 검출장치를 포함하여 구성하되, 제1 검출장치 및 제2 검출장치는 GEM 챔버(110) 내부에서 X-선 방향으로 직렬 배치되는 것을 특징으로 한다.1 is a cross-sectional view of a dual energy X-ray detection apparatus 100 using a multi-gas electron amplification detector according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the dual energy X-ray detection apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a GEM chamber 110, a cathode, a low energy X-ray reactive first scintillator 133, and a GEM. A first detection device for detecting low energy X-rays, wherein the foils 135 and 155 and the first anode 137 are arranged side by side, the high energy X-ray reaction second scintillator 153, the GEM foils 135 and 155, and the first detection device. 2 anodes 157 are arranged side by side, including a second detection device for high-energy X-ray detection, wherein the first detection device and the second detection device in the X-ray direction inside the GEM chamber 110 It is characterized by being arranged in series.
이와 같이 본 발명은 X-선원 (X-ray source)은 하나이지만 두 가지 에너지로 X-선 촬영이 가능한 이중 에너지 X-Ray 검출장치 및 이 검출장치를 이용한 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템을 제안한다.As described above, the present invention proposes a dual-energy X-ray detection device capable of X-ray imaging with two energies but one X-ray source and an X-ray imaging system using the detection device.
이하, 첨부한 도면을 참조하여, 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 용이하게 실시할 수 있도록 본 발명의 실시예를 설명한다. 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 용이하게 이해할 수 있는 바와 같이, 후술하는 실시예는 본 발명의 개념과 범위를 벗어나지 않는 한도 내에서 다양한 형태로 변형될 수 있다. 가능한 한 동일하거나 유사한 부분은 도면에서 동일한 도면부호를 사용하여 나타낸다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention. As those skilled in the art can easily understand, the embodiments described below may be modified in various forms without departing from the concept and scope of the present invention. Where possible, the same or similar parts are represented using the same reference numerals in the drawings.
본 명세서에서 사용되는 전문용어는 단지 특정 실시예를 언급하기 위한 것이며, 본 발명을 한정하는 것을 의도하지는 않는다. 여기서 사용되는 단수 형태들은 문구들이 이와 명백히 반대의 의미를 나타내지 않는 한 복수 형태들도 포함한다.The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural forms as well, unless the phrases clearly indicate the opposite.
본 명세서에서 사용되는 "포함하는"의 의미는 특정 특성, 영역, 정수, 단계, 동작, 요소 및/또는 성분을 구체화하며, 다른 특정 특성, 영역, 정수, 단계, 동작, 요소, 성분 및/또는 군의 존재나 부가를 제외시키는 것은 아니다.As used herein, the meaning of "comprising" embodies a particular property, region, integer, step, operation, element, and / or component, and other specific properties, region, integer, step, operation, element, component, and / or It does not exclude the presence or addition of groups.
본 명세서에서 사용되는 기술용어 및 과학용어를 포함하는 모든 용어들은 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 일반적으로 이해하는 의미와 동일한 의미를 가진다. 사전에 정의된 용어들은 관련기술문헌과 현재 개시된 내용에 부합하는 의미를 가지는 것으로 추가 해석되고, 정의되지 않는 한 이상적이거나 매우 공식적인 의미로 해석되지 않는다.All terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Terms defined in advance are additionally interpreted to have a meaning consistent with the related technical literature and the presently disclosed contents, and are not interpreted in an ideal or very formal sense unless defined.
이하에서 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치(100)의 구성 단면도이다. 도 1에 나타낸 바와 같이, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치(100)는, GEM 챔버(110)와, 캐소드와, 저에너지 X-선 반응 제1 신틸레이터(133), GEM 포일(135,155) 및 제1 애노드(137)가 나란히 배치되어 구성되는 저에너지 X-선 검출용 제1 검출장치와, 고에너지 X-선 반응 제2 신틸레이터(153), GEM 포일(135,155), 제2 애노드(157)가 나란히 배치되어 구성되는 고에너지 X-선 검출용 제2 검출장치를 포함하여 구성하되, 제1 검출장치 및 제2 검출장치는 GEM 챔버(110) 내부에서 X-선 방향으로 직렬 배치되는 것을 특징으로 한다.1 is a cross-sectional view of a dual energy X-ray detection apparatus 100 using a multi-gas electron amplification detector according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the dual energy X-ray detection apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a GEM chamber 110, a cathode, a low energy X-ray reactive first scintillator 133, and a GEM. A first detection device for detecting low energy X-rays, wherein the foils 135 and 155 and the first anode 137 are arranged side by side, the high energy X-ray reaction second scintillator 153, the GEM foils 135 and 155, and the first detection device. 2 anodes 157 are arranged side by side, including a second detection device for high-energy X-ray detection, wherein the first detection device and the second detection device in the X-ray direction inside the GEM chamber 110 It is characterized by being arranged in series.
이와 같이 본 발명은 X-선원 (X-ray source)은 하나이지만 두 가지 에너지로 X-선 촬영이 가능한 이중 에너지 X-Ray 검출장치 및 이 검출장치를 이용한 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템을 제안한다.As described above, the present invention proposes a dual-energy X-ray detection device capable of X-ray imaging with two energies but one X-ray source and an X-ray imaging system using the detection device.
일반적인 X-선 검출장치는 에너지가 고정되어 있어서 검출 대상체(subject)의 X-선 투과도에 따라서 그 선명도가 다르게 검출된다. 예를 들어, 의료용 X-선 검출장치일 경우 뼈 (bone)와 조직 (tissue)이 한 검출장치에서 별도의 장치 없이는 똑같은 선명도를 유지하기 어렵다. 따라서 뼈와 조직을 유사한 선명도를 유지하면서 영상을 촬영하기 위해서는 다른 에너지를 갖는 2개의 X-선 소스를 사용하여 각각 촬영하여 영상을 합성하거나, 하나의 소스를 사용하되, 뼈, 혹은 조직에 맞는 필터(Filter)를 사용해서 한 종류의 물질에만 선명도를 맞춰서 역시 각각 촬영하여 영상을 합성할 수밖에 없다.In general X-ray detection apparatus, the energy is fixed, so that the sharpness is detected differently according to the X-ray transmittance of the subject. For example, in the case of a medical X-ray detector, it is difficult for bone and tissue to maintain the same clarity without a separate device in one detector. Therefore, in order to capture images of bones and tissues while maintaining similar clarity, two X-ray sources with different energies may be used to synthesize the images, or one source may be used to filter the bones or tissues. By using (Filter), only one kind of material can be matched with each other, and each shot must be synthesized.
이에 본 발명의 실시예에서는 X-선 소스(source)는 하나이면서 두 가지 에너지를 동시에 측정할 수 있도록 장치 및 이를 이용한 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템을 제안한다.Accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention proposes an apparatus and an X-ray imaging system using the same so that one X-ray source can measure two energies simultaneously.
도 1에 나타낸 바와 같이, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치(100)는 하나의 GEM 챔버(110) 내부에 저에너지 및 고에너지를 X-선을 각각 검출할 수 있는 두 개의 제1 및 제2 검출장치가 X-선 방향으로 직렬 배치되어 있는 구조를 제안한다.As shown in FIG. 1, the dual-energy X-ray detection apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes two X-rays capable of detecting low energy and high energy, respectively, in one GEM chamber 110. A structure in which the first and second detection devices are arranged in series in the X-ray direction is proposed.
제1 검출장치는 저에너지 X-선을 검출하고, 제1 검출장치를 통과하는 고에너지 X-선은 제2 검출장치에 의해 검출되는 구조이다. 제1 검출장치는 저에너지 검출용 제1 신틸레이터(133), GEM 포일(135,155), 독출 회로(Readout circuit)와 연결되는 양극인 제1 애노드(137)가 나란히 일렬로 배치되는 구조이다.The first detection device detects low energy X-rays, and the high energy X-rays passing through the first detection device are detected by the second detection device. The first detection device has a structure in which the first scintillator 133 for low energy detection, the GEM foils 135 and 155, and the first anode 137, which is an anode connected to a readout circuit, are arranged side by side.
제2 검출장치는 고에너지 X-선을 검출하는 장치로서, 제1 검출장치 하단에 바로 인접하여 X-선 방향으로 직렬 배치된다. 제2 검출장치는, 제2 신틸레이터(153), GEM 포일(135,155), 독출 회로와 연결되는 양극인 제2 애노드(157)를 포함하여 구성되는데, 음극인 제2 캐소드(151)는 제2 신틸레이터(153) 상단에 구비하는 것도 가능하고, 제1 및 제2 검출장치 전체를 하나의 캐소드로 제1 신틸레이터(133) 상단에 배치하여 구성하는 것도 가능하다.The second detection device is a device for detecting high energy X-rays and is disposed in series in the X-ray direction immediately adjacent to the lower end of the first detection device. The second detection device includes a second scintillator 153, a GEM foil 135 and 155, and a second anode 157 that is an anode connected to a readout circuit, and the second cathode 151, which is a cathode, includes a second It can also be provided in the upper part of the scintillator 153, and it is also possible to arrange | position the whole 1st and 2nd detection apparatus on the upper part of the 1st scintillator 133 by one cathode.
이처럼 본 발명의 실시예에서는 제1 검출장치 및 제2 검출장치를 하나의 GEM 챔버(110) 내부에 X-선 방향으로 직렬 배치함으로써, 챔버(110) 내부로 입사되는 X-선이 제1 신틸레이터(133) 및 제1 검출장치에 의해 저에너지 영역의 X-선 또는 X-선 영상이 검출되고, 제1 검출장치를 통과하거나 투과하는 고에너지 X-선의 경우는, 제2 신틸레이터(153) 및 제2 검출장치에 의해 단계적으로 검출되는 장치를 제공할 수 있게 된다.As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first detection device and the second detection device are disposed in series in the X-ray direction in one GEM chamber 110, whereby the X-rays incident into the chamber 110 are first scintillated. In the case of high energy X-rays through which the X-rays or X-ray images of the low-energy region are detected by the radar 133 and the first detection device, and pass or pass through the first detection device, the second scintillator 153 is used. And a device that is detected step by step by the second detection device.
여기서, 가스 전자 증폭기(Gas Electron Multiplier: 이하 GEM 이라 한다.)는 입자 또는 방사선이 가스 입자를 전리 시킬 때에 발생하는 전하에 기초하여 방사선을 검출하는 가스이온화 검출기의 일종이다. 기존의 가스 이온화 검출기는 전리된 전하가 음극까지 도달하는 비율이 낮아 검출 성능이 좋지 않았지만, GEM 검출기는 가스 챔버(110) 내에 하나 이상의 GEM 포일(135,155)(foil)을 구비하여 전하의 개수를 증폭시킬 수 있기 때문에 검출 성능이 향상된다는 점에서 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치(100) 및 영상 촬영 시스템에 적합하다.Here, a gas electron amplifier (hereinafter referred to as a GEM) is a kind of gas ionization detector that detects radiation based on charges generated when particles or radiation ionize gas particles. Conventional gas ionization detectors have poor detection performance due to the low rate of ionized charge reaching the cathode, but the GEM detector includes one or more GEM foils 135 and 155 in the gas chamber 110 to amplify the number of charges. It is suitable for the dual energy X-ray detection apparatus 100 and the imaging system according to the embodiment of the present invention in that the detection performance is improved because it can be made.
GEM 포일(135,155)은 수십 ㎛의 직경 및 수십~수백 ㎛의 간격을 가지는 수많은 구멍들이 뚫린 수십~수백 ㎛의 얇은 절연체 기판의 양면에 예를 들어 구리와 같은 금속층을 얇게 형성한 평판이다. 절연체 기판은 예를 들어 캡톤(Kapton) 소재로 구현될 수 있다. 캡톤 소재는 -269℃의 극저온부터 400℃의 고온까지 안정적이고 절연 성능이 뛰어나기 때문에 절연체로서 널리 사용된다.The GEM foils 135 and 155 are flat plates formed by thinly forming a metal layer such as copper on both sides of a thin insulator substrate of several tens to hundreds of micrometers having many holes having a diameter of tens of micrometers and a gap of several tens to hundreds of micrometers. The insulator substrate may be made of, for example, a Kapton material. Kapton materials are widely used as insulators because of their stable and excellent insulation performance from cryogenic temperatures of -269 ° C to high temperatures of 400 ° C.
또한, GEM 포일(135,155)의 두 금속층에 서로 다른 크기의 전압이 각각 인가되면 캐소드 전극과 애노드 전극 사이의 전기장이 구멍 사이로 밀집하면서 구멍 내에 강한 전기장이 형성되는데, 방사선에 의해 가스 입자로부터 유리된 표류 전자(drift electron)가 음극과 GEM 포일(135,155) 사이의 전기장에 의해 가속되어 구멍으로 접근하였다가 갑자기 고밀도의 전기장을 만나면서 가스 입자들로부터 대량의 전자들이 유리되는 전자 사태(Electron Avalanche)를 일으킨다. 이러한 전자 증폭 현상에 의해 전자들의 개수가 급증하므로 독출 회로(Readout circuit)에서 전기적으로 검출하기가 용이해진다. 복수의 GEM 포일(135,155)들을 나란히 배치하면 전자들이 독출 회로까지 도달하기 전에 전자 증폭 현상을 여러 차례 일으킬 수 있는 장점이 있다.In addition, when voltages of different magnitudes are applied to the two metal layers of the GEM foils 135 and 155, respectively, electric fields between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode are concentrated between the holes, and a strong electric field is formed in the holes. The drift electrons are accelerated by the electric field between the cathode and the GEM foils 135 and 155 to approach the holes and suddenly encounter a high-density electric field, causing an electron avalanche in which large quantities of electrons are released from the gas particles. Due to the electron amplification phenomenon, the number of electrons increases so that it is easy to detect electrically in a readout circuit. Placing the plurality of GEM foils 135 and 155 side by side has an advantage of causing an electron amplification phenomenon several times before the electrons reach the readout circuit.
신틸레이터는 방사선이 부딪히면 빛을 발하는 형광물질이 코팅되거나 형광물질을 재질로 하는 물질이다. 즉, 본 발명의 실시예에서는 X-선 검출을 위한 신틸레이터로서 제1 신틸레이터(133)는 저에너지 X-선 검출용 신틸레이터이고, 제2 신틸레이터(153)는 고에너지 X-선 검출용 신틸레이터로서, 제1 신틸레이터(133)는 저에너지 X-선에 반응하여 빛을 방출하는 물질을 사용하고, 제2 신틸레이터(153)는 고에너지 X-선에 반응하여 빛을 방출하는 물질을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 본 발명의 실시예에서는 제1 신틸레이터(133)는, ZnSe 또는 CsI를 재질로 하고, 상기 제2 신틸레이터(153)는, Gd2O2를 재질로 하는 것이 바람직하다. A scintillator is a material that is coated with a fluorescent material that emits light when it hits radiation or is made of a fluorescent material. That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, as the scintillator for X-ray detection, the first scintillator 133 is a low energy X-ray detection scintillator, and the second scintillator 153 is a high energy X-ray detection As the scintillator, the first scintillator 133 uses a material that emits light in response to low energy X-rays, and the second scintillator 153 uses a material that emits light in response to high energy X-rays. It is preferable to use. In the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the first scintillator 133 is made of ZnSe or CsI, and the second scintillator 153 is made of Gd 2 O 2 .
본 발명의 실시예에서 예시하는 X-선은 하나의 소스에서 특정 전압으로 발생하는 X-선 중 저에너지 영역에서는 조직(tissue)과 같이 저에너지(low energy)에 적합한 영상을 획득할 수 있는 저에너지 X-선과, 고에너지(high energy) 영역에서는 뼈(bone)와 같이 에 적합한 영상을 획득할 수 있는 고에너지 X-선으로 구분될 수 있다. 그러므로, 본 발명의 실시예에서 고에너지 영역 및 저에너지 영역은 검출 대상체의 영상의 구분을 위해 해당하는 기준 인가전압을 기준으로 설정될 수 있음은 물론이고, 이에 따라 각 에너지 영역에 반응하는 신틸레이터 및 가스의 종류에 따라 X-선의 검출 및 영상을 구분할 수 있음은 물론이다.The X-rays exemplified in the embodiment of the present invention are low-energy X-rays capable of obtaining an image suitable for low energy, such as tissue, in a low-energy region of X-rays generated by a specific voltage from one source. In the high energy region, high energy X-rays, such as bones, can be distinguished. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the high-energy region and the low-energy region may be set based on a corresponding reference applied voltage to distinguish the image of the detection object, and accordingly, a scintillator and Of course, the X-ray detection and the image can be classified according to the type of gas.
도 2는 본 발명의 또 다른 실시예로서, 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템을 구성을 나타낸 도면이다. 도 2에 나타낸 바와 같이, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 이중 에너지 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템은, GEM 챔버(110)와, 캐소드와, 저에너지 X-선 반응 제1 신틸레이터(133), GEM 포일(135,155) 및 제1 애노드(137)가 나란히 배치되어 구성되는 저에너지 X-선 검출용 제1 검출장치와, 및 고에너지 X-선 반응 제2 신틸레이터(153), GEM 포일(135,155), 제2 애노드(157)가 나란히 배치되어 구성되는 고에너지 X-선 검출용 제2 검출장치를 포함하여 구성하되, 제1 검출장치 및 제2 검출장치는 GEM 챔버(110) 내부에서 X-선 방향으로 직렬 배치되는 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치(100); 제1 애노드(137) 및 제2 애노드(157)와 연결되어 저에너지 영상 및 고에너지 영상을 생성하는 영상 생성부(200); 및 저에너지 영상 및 고에너지 영상을 합성하여 생성하는 영상 합성부(300)를 포함하여 구성된다.2 is a view showing the configuration of a dual-energy X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector as another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the dual energy X-ray imaging system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a GEM chamber 110, a cathode, a low energy X-ray reactive first scintillator 133, and a GEM foil ( 135,155 and the first anode 137 is arranged side by side, the first detection device for low energy X-ray detection, and the high energy X-ray reaction second scintillator 153, GEM foils (135, 155), second The anode 157 is configured to include a second detection device for detecting high energy X-rays arranged side by side, wherein the first detection device and the second detection device in series in the X-ray direction inside the GEM chamber 110 A dual energy X-ray detector 100 disposed; An image generator 200 connected to the first anode 137 and the second anode 157 to generate a low energy image and a high energy image; And an image synthesizer 300 which synthesizes and generates a low energy image and a high energy image.
즉, 도 2에서 예시한 이중 에너지 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템은 도 1에서 예시된 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치(100)의 각 애노드 전극과 연결되어 저에너지 및 고에너지 X-선 영상을 생성하는 영상 생성부(200)와 영상 생성부(200)로부터 생성된 저에너지 및 고에너지 X-선 영상을 합성하는 영상 합성부(300)를 포함하여 구성된다.That is, the dual energy X-ray imaging system illustrated in FIG. 2 is connected to each anode electrode of the dual energy X-ray detecting apparatus 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 to generate a low energy and high energy X-ray image. It includes a generator 200 and an image synthesizer 300 for synthesizing the low-energy and high-energy X-ray images generated from the image generator 200.
도 2에 나타나낸 바와 같이, 광자(photon) 에너지에 따라서 서로 다른 감도(sensitivity)를 갖는 두 개의 신틸레이터 레이어(layer)를 구성하고 각각에 대한 GEM 검출장치(제1 검출장치 및 제2 검출장치)를 직렬로 배치하여 구성한다. 상층부의 제1 신틸레이터(133) 레이어는 저에너지(low energy)에 민감한 ZnSe, CsI와 같은 물질로 구성된 신틸레이터(scintillator)를 사용하고, 제2 신틸레이터(153) 레이어는 Gd2O2와 같이 고에너지(high energy)에 민감한 물질로 구성된 신틸레이터(scintillator)를 사용한다. As shown in FIG. 2, two scintillator layers having different sensitivitys are formed according to photon energy, and a GEM detection device (first detection device and second detection device) for each is provided. ) In series. The first scintillator 133 of the upper layer uses a scintillator composed of materials such as ZnSe and CsI, which are sensitive to low energy, and the second scintillator 153 layer is formed of Gd 2 O 2 . Use a scintillator composed of materials that are sensitive to high energy.
각각의 제1 신틸레이터(133) 및 제2 신틸레이터(153) 하부에는 별도의 GEM과 애노드(anode)가 존재하고 각각의 애노드에 따른 독출 회로(readout circuit)와 영상 재생 소프트웨어(image reconstruction software)가 존재하여 저에너지 및 고에너지 X-선 영상을 각각 동시에 촬영하여 전체적으로 하나의 종합적인 영상(Full spectrum Image)으로 합성함으로써, 하나의 소스를 사용하여 뼈, 혹은 조직에 맞는 각각 에너지 영역의 선명도에 알맞게 각각 촬영하여 영상을 합성하여 높은 해상도의 X-선 영상을 획득할 수 있게 된다.A separate GEM and an anode exist under each of the first scintillator 133 and the second scintillator 153, and a readout circuit and image reconstruction software according to each anode are provided. By simultaneously taking low- and high-energy X-ray images, and synthesizing them into a single full spectrum image, one source is used to match the clarity of each energy region for bone or tissue. Each of the images can be synthesized to obtain a high resolution X-ray image.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 X-선 영상 시스템에서 고에너지 X-선 영상의 취득 모식도이다. 3 is a schematic diagram of high energy X-ray imaging in an X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
X-선 소스(source)는 그 전압에 따라서 에너지가 결정되며 예를 들어 70kV의 전압을 사용하면 70kV 이하의 에너지가 발생 된다. 동일한 소스에서 나오는 X-선은 저에너지(low energy)와 고에너지(high energy)가 같이 존재하며, 이 X-선이 대상체(subject)를 통과하여 GEM 검출장치에 도달하면, 상층부의 저에너지(low energy) 영역에서는 조직(tissue)과 같이 저에너지에 적합한 영상을 획득하며 하층부의 고에너지(high energy) 영역에서는 뼈(bone)와 같이 고에너지에 적합한 영상을 획득하게 된다.The energy of X-ray source is determined according to the voltage. For example, when the voltage of 70kV is used, energy of 70kV or less is generated. X-rays from the same source have both low energy and high energy, and when the X-rays pass through the subject and reach the GEM detection device, the low energy of the upper layer In the high energy region of the lower layer, an image suitable for high energy, such as bone, is acquired in the high energy region of the lower layer.
이때, 하층부 영역에서 획득하는 고에너지 X-선 영상은 뼈에 대한 영상만 있는 것이 아니고 상층부를 구성하는 구조물인 GEM과 애노드(anode)에 대한 영상도 포함되게 된다. 따라서 도 3에 나타낸 바와 같이, 하층부의 고에너지 영상 생성부(200)부에서는 상술한 GEM과 애노드가 포함된 배경(background) 영상을 제거해주는 작업이 필요하다. In this case, the high-energy X-ray image acquired in the lower region includes not only an image of bone but also an image of a GEM and an anode, which constitute the upper layer. Therefore, as shown in Figure 3, the high-energy image generating unit 200 of the lower layer needs to remove the background (image) including the GEM and the anode described above.
GEM과 애노드(anode)가 포함된 배경(background) 영상은 항상 일정하기 때문에 대상체(subject)가 없는 상태에서 X-선 영상을 촬영하여 배경(background) 데이터베이스로 저장하여 새로운 촬영을 할 때마다 동일한 배경 데이터(background data)를 차감하면 된다. 또한 상층부의 애노드 구조물은 저에너지(low energy)를 저지하는 필터(filter)의 역할도 수행한다. Background images with GEM and anode are always constant, so X-ray images are taken without a subject and saved as a background database. Just subtract the background data. In addition, the anode structure of the upper layer also serves as a filter to block low energy (low energy).
또한, 고에너지를 담당하는 하층부 제2 검출장치의 GEM detector에는 도 2에 나타낸 바와 같이, 별도의 캐소드를 구비하여 제1 캐소드(131) 및 제2 캐소드(151)로 구분하여 설치하는 것도 가능하고, 상층부 제1 검출장치에 있는 하나의 캐소드(cathode)를 공유해도 된다. 이때 하층부 제2 검출장치에 별도의 캐소드(cathode)를 사용한다면 그 재질에 따라서 저에너지(low energy)의 투과를 막는 필터링(filtering) 기능을 수행하는 역할도 가능하게 된다.In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the GEM detector of the lower layer second detection device that is responsible for high energy may be provided separately from the first cathode 131 and the second cathode 151 as shown in FIG. 2. In addition, one cathode in the upper layer first detection device may be shared. In this case, if a separate cathode is used for the lower second detection device, the filtering function may be performed to prevent the transmission of low energy, depending on the material.
도 4는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템에 적용되는 격자 모양의 애노드를 나타낸 모식도이다.4 is a schematic diagram showing a grid-shaped anode applied to a dual-energy X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 4에 나타낸 바와 같이, 본 발명의 실시예에 적용되는 GEM 검출장치의 저에너지와 고에너지 영역 검출장치의 각각 제1 애노드(137) 및 제2 애노드(157) 단자는 2차원 격자 형태의 격자 전극으로 구성되어 있으며, 각 전극의 2차원 x, y 좌표에 따라서 영상의 1 pixel의 좌표가 결정되고 격자의 면적이 영상에서의 1 pixel의 크기가 된다. 결과적으로 전체 격자의 개수가 한 영상의 해상도(resolution)가 된다.As shown in FIG. 4, the terminals of the first anode 137 and the second anode 157 of the low energy and high energy region detection device of the GEM detection device applied to the embodiment of the present invention are two-dimensional lattice-shaped grid electrodes, respectively. The coordinates of one pixel of the image are determined according to the two-dimensional x and y coordinates of each electrode, and the area of the grid is the size of one pixel in the image. As a result, the total number of grids becomes the resolution of one image.
본 명세서에서 설명되는 실시예와 첨부된 도면은 본 발명에 포함되는 기술적 사상의 일부를 예시적으로 설명하는 것에 불과하다. 따라서, 본 명세서에 개시된 실시예들은 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 한정하기 위한 것이 아니라 설명하기 위한 것이므로, 이러한 실시예에 의하여 본 발명의 기술 사상의 범위가 한정되는 것은 아님은 자명하다. 본 발명의 명세서 및 도면에 포함된 기술적 사상의 범위 내에서 당업자가 용이하게 유추할 수 있는 변형 예와 구체적인 실시 예는 모두 본 발명의 권리범위에 포함되는 것으로 해석되어야 할 것이다.The embodiments described in the present specification and the accompanying drawings merely illustrate some of the technical ideas included in the present invention. Therefore, since the embodiments disclosed herein are not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention but to explain, it is obvious that the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. Modifications and specific embodiments that can be easily inferred by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical idea included in the specification and drawings of the present invention should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.
본 발명은 X-선 검출장치 및 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 하나의 장치 및 하나의 X-선 소스로 동시에 저에너지 및 고에너지 영역의 X-선 검출 및 영상을 획득할 수 있는 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치 및 X-선 영상 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템에 관한 것으로 산업상 이용가능성이 있다.The present invention relates to an X-ray detection apparatus and an X-ray imaging system, and more particularly, to obtain X-ray detection and images of low energy and high energy regions simultaneously with one device and one X-ray source. The present invention relates to a dual-energy X-ray detector and an X-ray imaging X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector.

Claims (10)

  1. GEM 챔버;GEM chambers;
    캐소드;Cathode;
    저에너지 X-선 반응 제1 신틸레이터, GEM 포일 및 제1 애노드가 나란히 배치되어 구성되는 저에너지 X-선 검출용 제1 검출장치; 및A low-energy X-ray reaction first scintillator, a first detection device for detecting low-energy X-rays comprising a GEM foil and a first anode arranged side by side; And
    고에너지 X-선 반응 제2 신틸레이터, GEM 포일, 제2 애노드가 나란히 배치되어 구성되는 고에너지 X-선 검출용 제2 검출장치를 포함하여 구성하되,It comprises a high energy X-ray reaction second scintillator, GEM foil, a second detection device for detecting high energy X-rays configured to be arranged side by side,
    제1 검출장치 및 제2 검출장치는 GEM 챔버 내부에서 X-선 방향으로 직렬 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치.A dual energy X-ray detection apparatus using a multi-gas electron amplification detector, characterized in that the first detection device and the second detection device are arranged in series in the X-ray direction inside the GEM chamber.
  2. 청구항 1에 있어서, The method according to claim 1,
    상기 캐소드는,The cathode,
    제1 애노드에 대응되어 제1 검출장치에 배치되는 제1 캐소드; 및A first cathode corresponding to the first anode and disposed in the first detection device; And
    제2 애노드에 대응되어 제2 검출장치에 배치되는 제2 캐소드를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치.A dual-energy X-ray detection apparatus using a multi-gas electron amplification detector, characterized in that it comprises a second cathode disposed in the second detection device corresponding to the second anode.
  3. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 제1 신틸레이터는, ZnSe 또는 CsI를 재질로 하고,The first scintillator is made of ZnSe or CsI,
    상기 제2 신틸레이터는, Gd2O2를 재질로 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치.The second scintillator is a dual-energy X-ray detection device using a multi-gas electron amplification detector, characterized in that the Gd 2 O 2 material.
  4. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 제1 애노드는,The first anode,
    저에너지 X-선 저지용 필터인 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치.Dual energy X-ray detection apparatus using a multi-gas electron amplification detector, characterized in that the low-energy X-ray blocking filter.
  5. GEM 챔버와, 캐소드와, 저에너지 X-선 반응 제1 신틸레이터, GEM 포일 및 제1 애노드가 나란히 배치되어 구성되는 저에너지 X-선 검출용 제1 검출장치와, 및 고에너지 X-선 반응 제2 신틸레이터, GEM 포일, 제2 애노드가 나란히 배치되어 구성되는 고에너지 X-선 검출용 제2 검출장치를 포함하여 구성하되, 제1 검출장치 및 제2 검출장치는 GEM 챔버 내부에서 X-선 방향으로 직렬 배치되는 이중 에너지 X-선 검출장치; A first detection device for detecting low energy X-rays comprising a GEM chamber, a cathode, a low energy X-ray reaction first scintillator, a GEM foil and a first anode, and a high energy X-ray reaction second A scintillator, a GEM foil, and a second detector for detecting high-energy X-rays configured to have a second anode arranged side by side, wherein the first detector and the second detector are in the X-ray direction inside the GEM chamber. Dual energy X-ray detectors arranged in series;
    제1 애노드 및 제2 애노드와 연결되어 저에너지 영상 및 고에너지 영상을 생성하는 영상 생성부; 및An image generator connected to the first anode and the second anode to generate a low energy image and a high energy image; And
    저에너지 영상 및 고에너지 영상을 합성하여 생성하는 영상 합성부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템.A dual-energy X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector, characterized in that it comprises an image synthesizer for synthesizing a low energy image and a high energy image.
  6. 청구항 5에 있어서,The method according to claim 5,
    상기 영상 생성부는,The image generator,
    상기 제1 애노드와 연결되어 저에너지 X-선 영상을 생성하는 저에너지 영상 생성부; 및 A low energy image generator connected to the first anode to generate a low energy X-ray image; And
    상기 제2 애노드와 연결되어 고에너지 X-선 영상을 생성하는 고에너지 영상 생성부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템.And a high energy image generation unit connected to the second anode to generate a high energy X-ray image.
  7. 청구항 6에 있어서,The method according to claim 6,
    상기 고에너지 영상 생성부는,The high energy image generator,
    대상체(subject) 촬영하여 생성된 영상에서 데이터 베이스에 저장된 대상체(subject)가 없이 촬영된 영상을 차감하여 고에너지 영상을 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템.Dual-energy X-ray imaging using a multi-gas electron amplification detector, characterized in that to generate a high-energy image by subtracting the captured image without a subject stored in the database from the image generated by the subject (subject) system.
  8. 청구항 5에 있어서, The method according to claim 5,
    상기 캐소드는,The cathode,
    제1 애노드에 대응되어 제1 검출장치에 배치되는 제1 캐소드; 및A first cathode corresponding to the first anode and disposed in the first detection device; And
    제2 애노드에 대응되어 제2 검출장치에 배치되는 제2 캐소드를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템.A dual-energy X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector, characterized in that it comprises a second cathode disposed in the second detection device corresponding to the second anode.
  9. 청구항 5에 있어서,The method according to claim 5,
    제1 애노드 및 제2 애노드는,The first anode and the second anode,
    격자 형태의 전극으로, 격자 하나가 이미지의 1 픽셀에 대응되는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템.A dual-energy X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector, characterized in that a lattice of electrodes corresponds to one pixel of an image.
  10. 청구항 5에 있어서,The method according to claim 5,
    상기 제1 신틸레이터는, ZnSe 또는 CsI를 재질로 하고,The first scintillator is made of ZnSe or CsI,
    상기 제2 신틸레이터는, Gd2O2를 재질로 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 가스 전자 증폭 검출기를 이용한 이중 에너지 X-선 영상 촬영 시스템.The second scintillator is a Gd 2 O 2 material, characterized in that the dual-energy X-ray imaging system using a multi-gas electron amplification detector.
PCT/KR2016/004342 2016-03-31 2016-04-26 Dual energy x-ray detector using multiple gas electron multiplier detector, and x-ray image capturing system WO2017171130A1 (en)

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