WO2017171117A1

WO2017171117A1 - X-ray exposure dose measuring device for subject and method for managing exposure dose

Info

Publication number: WO2017171117A1
Application number: PCT/KR2016/003240
Authority: WO
Inventors: 서준석; 박현숙
Original assignee: (주)제이에스테크윈; 서준석; 박현숙
Priority date: 2016-03-29
Filing date: 2016-03-30
Publication date: 2017-10-05
Also published as: KR20170111675A

Abstract

The present invention relates to an X-ray exposure dose measuring device for a subject and a management method thereof, the X-ray exposure measuring device comprising: an X-ray generator (1); flash multiplication devices (10, 20), each being disposed adjacent to a detection unit (2), for detecting X-rays and outputting signals, wherein the detection unit detects an X-ray dose from the X-ray generator transmitted through the subject; a comparator (30) for filtering the signals outputted from the flash multiplication devices (10, 20) at a predetermined intensity or more; a processor (40) which counts pulses generated by the X-rays filtered by the comparator, accumulates the pulses as the X-ray dose, and subtracts the X-ray dose detected by the detector (2) from a total X-ray dose generated by the X-ray generator (1) to calculate the resultant X-ray dose as an X-ray exposure dose of the subject; and an exposure dose management unit (50) which receives the X-ray dose data calculated by the processor (40), cumulatively accumulates the individual X-ray dose of the subject for a predetermined period of time, and manages individually whether or not the X-ray dose exceeds a predetermined X-ray dose limit standard. As such, the X-ray exposure measuring device has the effects capable of precisely measuring the exposure dose when the subject is tested in various X-ray inspections. By cumulatively managing these X-ray exposure dose measurements, the present invention has an effect capable of calculating and managing an annually cumulative X-ray exposure dose and five-year cumulative exposure dose which an individual undergoes during various tests, thereby efficiently preventing the problems caused by an excessive exposure dose of the subject.

Description

X-ray exposure measuring device and exposure control method of subject

The present invention relates to an X-ray exposure measurement device and a method for managing an exposure of a subject, and in particular, to accurately measure the radiation exposure received by the subject during X-ray examination, and to accumulate and manage the measured exposure for each individual subject to the radiation exposure of the subject The present invention relates to an X-ray exposure measuring device and an exposure control method of an examinee to prevent a problem caused by excessive.

In general, radioactive contamination is caused by radioactive waste from nuclear power plants or workshops or laboratories dealing with radioactive materials. Alpha (a), beta, and gamma rays emitted from radioactive materials are exposed to the body too much. The tissue may be damaged or deteriorated, and the damage is most severe in tissues or organs with strong cell division. In particular, germ cells can be affected and cause genetic modifications. Therefore, there is a risk of birth defects and cause cancer.

In particular, X-ray examination, which is an indispensable element in modern medical field among various radiations, has the effect of X-rays penetrating the human body, photographing the film, fluorescing fluorescent substance corresponding to fluorescent substance, and ionization with various substances. It is carried out using an action, etc., so that the internal structure and lesions formed thereon can be accurately determined without damaging the human body by X-ray examination.

Depending on the diagnostic purpose, X-ray imaging methods are also various. The simple imaging method differs in the absorption rate depending on the type density and the thickness of the substances constituting the human body. It is a method shown as a difference of concentration. As another example, since the X-ray is a transmission line, there is a tomography method in which various shades overlap to form an image, and a tomography image of a human body appears on an image display device (CT scan: computerized). tomography), PET-CT, and the like.

Since these X-rays are widely used for various diagnostic purposes in the medical field, a person may have multiple X-rays.

However, these x-rays are also one of the radiations that must be strictly regulated, especially during chest X-rays, while the exposure is 0.02 mSv. In addition, there is a significant difference in the exposure dose of the subject depending on the examination apparatus, such as the radiation dose soaring from 12mSv up to 25mSv in the case of coronary angiography 18mSv, whole body screening CT.

The natural radiation dose received by humans in the natural environment is 2.4mSv per year on average. Although the effect of such a small amount of radiation on the human body can be ignored, a large amount of radiation is harmful to the human body, and even cumulative exposure may cause serious problems such as lymphocyte reduction, white blood cell reduction, increased cancer incidence, and infertility. As a result, people working in an environment handling radioactive materials always need to strictly control their exposure, thereby limiting their radiation exposure limit to 50 mSv for one year and to 100 mSv for five years. Doing.

The amount of radiation that biologically affects the human body is that upon exposure to radiation systemic, 1 Sv causes some blood changes, 2-5 Sv causes nausea, hair loss, bleeding, and in many cases death. More than 6 Sv dies more than 80% within 2 months, and the lowest carcinogenic limit is known to be 100 mSv per year.

Accordingly, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1574076 (November 27, 2015 registration), the operator performing the radioactive material work to determine whether the radiation safety equipment is worn on the work clothes and wrist as prescribed and start or stop work A radiation worker safety and exposure management system has been disclosed that can monitor and ensure that work can only be initiated in a safe state to communicate and manage various signals to the operator.

However, there is no management of radiation doses for general subjects or patients undergoing X-rays, and there are no special regulations regarding radiation dose assessments, monitoring equipment is very expensive, and each individual has several hospitals. There is no management of cumulative radiation dose in the process of diagnosis, and there is a need for improvement.

-Patent Literature

Domestic registered patent No. 10-1574076 (November 27, 2015 registration)

An object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray exposure measuring device for measuring an accurate exposure amount during X-ray inspection in order to solve the problem of the conventional X-ray exposure of the individual.

Another object of the present invention by using the above-described X-ray exposure measuring device in a database such as the exposure of the subject during the examination in a number of hospitals (DB), cumulative management and in the form of notifying the cumulative exposure to the individual from the responsible authority It is to provide a method for managing exposure doses.

In order to achieve the above object, the X-ray exposure measuring apparatus of the subject according to the present invention,

X-ray generators and flash detectors for detecting X-rays and outputting signals by placing the X-rays irradiated to the subjects in the X-ray generators adjacent to detection units for detecting X-rays transmitted through the subjects, and outputting a signal;

A comparator for filtering the signal output from the flash detection device to a predetermined intensity or more,

A processor that counts pulses by the X-rays filtered by the comparator and integrates them as X-ray doses, subtracts the X-rays detected by the detector from the total X-rays generated by the X-ray generator, and calculates the X-ray exposure amount of the subject It is configured to include.

Among the scintillation detectors, the first scintillator detector measures the total amount of X-rays generated by being placed directly in front of the X-ray generator, while the second scintillator detector is disposed directly in front of the dry plate as a detector to measure the amount of X-rays transmitted through the subject. do.

Each of the scintillation multipliers includes a scintillator panel formed in a plate shape having a predetermined thickness to minimize X-ray absorption from the scintillator, and the scintillator panel to detect the number and intensity of visible light generated in the scintillator as the X-rays collide with the scintillator. It includes a photomultiplier connected to.

The method further includes: an exposure control unit configured to receive the X-ray exposure data calculated by the processor and accumulate the individual individual X-ray exposure amounts for a predetermined period to manage whether the X-ray exposure amount is exceeded in advance.

The processor counts the pulses by the X-rays filtered by the comparator and integrates them as X-ray doses, and the X-ray dose at the second scintillation detector on the dry plate side at the total X-ray dose SC1 at the first scintillation detector on the X-ray generator side. Subtracting SC2) is calculated as the X-ray exposure of the subject.

X-ray exposure management method of the subject according to the present invention, the step of measuring the X-ray dose in the light multipliers of the flash multipliers installed in the X-ray inspection apparatus (S1),

Removing noise caused by natural radiation from the signals of the optical multipliers measured in step S1 (S2),

Calculating the net X-ray dose exposed by the test subject by subtracting the X-ray dose SC2 measured from the total X-ray dose SC1 radiated from the X-ray generator by the processor (S3),

Accumulating and storing an X-ray exposure amount and a past exposure amount in the individual individual radiation exposure history calculated in step S3 (S4),

And summing the individual X-ray exposure amounts calculated in step S4 and transmitted from the individual hospitals and managing whether the cumulative exposure threshold value is exceeded in advance (S5).

The X-ray exposure measuring device of the present invention has the effect of accurately measuring the exposure amount when a subject undergoes various X-ray examinations, and accumulates and manages these X-ray exposure measurement values to accumulate annual radiation received during each individual inspection. By calculating and managing the exposure amount and the cumulative exposure amount for 5 years, there is an effect that can effectively prevent the occurrence of problems caused by excessive radiation exposure of the subject.

1 is a schematic block diagram showing the arrangement of a flash detector of the X-ray exposure measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an X-ray exposure measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram of the configuration of the cumulative X-ray exposure management method using the X-ray exposure measurement device of FIG.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings showing an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail the present invention.

In Fig. 1, the X-ray exposure measuring apparatus of the present invention is a flash which is disposed adjacent to the X-ray generator 1 and the detection unit 2 which detects the X-ray amount from which the X-ray irradiated to the subject passes through the subject.

Multipliers

10, 20. The detector 2 may be a dry plate on which X-rays passing through the subject are photographed. The scintillation multiplier 10 measures the total amount of X-rays generated by being placed directly in front of the X-ray generator 1, while the scintillation multiplier 20 is disposed directly in front of the dry plate to measure the X-rays transmitted through the subject. Measure

In some cases, the scintillator detector 10 may be disposed near the subject and placed on the X-ray generator, and the scintillator detector 20 may be disposed near the subject and placed on the dry plate side to measure the amount of X-rays transmitted through the subject.

The total X-ray dose detected by the scintillation multiplier 10 refers to the total X-ray dose generated by the X-ray generator, and when the X-rays transmitted through the subject detected by the scintillation multiplier 20 are subtracted, the generated X-rays This means X-rays absorbed by, reflected from, or bounced off, or refracted by, or interacting with the human body, which is absorbed by the human body or absorbed by the human body because these doses may be more harmful to the human body than those that penetrate the human body. It is to measure the total exposure dose reflected by.

The scintillation multipliers are designed to minimize the X-ray absorption of the scintillator and to form a panel having a predetermined thickness, for example, 2 to 4 mm thick, and the number and intensity of visible light generated by the scintillator as the X-rays collide with the scintillator.

Photomultipliers

11, 21 connected with the scintillator panel for detection include, for example, SIPM or PMT.

As shown in FIG. 2, the X-rays radiated from the X-ray generator 1 are first detected by the optical multiplier 11 of the flash multiplier 10, their number and intensity are amplified, and converted into electrical signals. (2) In the light multiplier 21 of the flash multiplier 20 arranged in front, the number and intensity of the X-ray dose passing through the human body are detected and amplified.

The signal output from the

light multipliers

11 and 21 of the flash multiplier is filtered by the comparator 30 with a predetermined intensity or more, which is X-ray by removing the signal as the noise which detected the flash in the scintillator by natural radiation. Detects only the signal by and outputs it as a pulse signal.

The signal of each of the

optical multipliers

11 and 21 filtered by the comparator 30 counts the pulses by the X-rays filtered by the processor 40 and integrates them as the X-ray dose, and the total X-ray dose in the optical multiplier 11. The exposure dose calculated by subtracting the X-ray dose SC2 from the optical multiplier 21 at (SC1) is calculated, and the exposure dose calculated for the subject is stored in the database (DB) corresponding to the ID of the subject previously input. Next, the exposure control unit 50 transmits.

A method of managing an X-ray exposure of a subject by the X-ray exposure measuring apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. 3.

First, in step S1, the X-ray dose is measured by the

light multipliers

11 and 21 of the

flash multipliers

1 and 2 installed in the X-ray inspection apparatus. In step S2, the noise of natural light is removed from the signals of the scintillation detectors measured in step S1 to measure the detected amount of X-rays generated by the X-ray inspection apparatus purely.

In step S3, the subject 40 calculates the exposed X-ray exposure amount by subtracting the X-ray dose SC2 that measured the X-ray dose passing through the human body from the total X-ray dose SC1 emitted from the X-ray generator in the processor 40. , Cumulatively summing up the exposure amount and the past exposure amount in the individual history of the subject in the DB (step S4). The DB is preferably managed by each hospital to inform individual subjects of the exposure amount by X-ray examination.

The X-ray exposure measuring device is preferably installed in X-ray inspection devices installed in each hospital, each hospital to manage the X-ray exposure measured by a number of X-ray inspection devices for each subject In addition, the exposure control unit 50 managed by an authorized institution outside the hospital transmits the exposure data for the subjects measured in the X-ray inspection apparatus of each hospital.

The individual hospital transmits the exposure data by X-ray examination of the individual subjects who have undergone X-ray examination in the hospital to the management unit 50.

Then, in step S5, the management unit 50 manages whether the individual accumulated X-ray exposures transmitted from the individual hospitals exceed the preset cumulative exposure standard value, and the management unit is an authorized institution, for example, the whole. It may be a health insurance management corporation in charge of health care of the people, or it may be a separate exposure control agency.

The exposure management unit 50 accumulates the X-ray exposure amount during the diagnosis process in several hospitals for the subjects transmitted from the various hospitals, for example, the total cumulative X-rays in units of 1 year and 5 years, and Estimates and notifications of radiation exposure can be efficiently managed to prevent individual subjects from being subjected to excessive radiation exposure.

1: X-ray generator 2: Detection part

10, 20: scintillation detector 11, 21: photomultiplier

30: comparator 40: processor

50: exposure control

The present invention can be used to prevent exposure to excessive radiation exposure of a subject by measuring and cumulatively managing the individual X-ray exposure amount for each individual X-ray examination accompanying the various medical diagnostic procedures.

Claims

A flash multiplier that is placed adjacent to an X-ray generator 1 and a detector 2 that detects the amount of X-rays transmitted from the X-ray generator to the subject by the X-ray generator, and detects X-rays and outputs a signal. 10, 20,

Comparator 30 for filtering the signal output from the flash multiplier (10, 20) to a predetermined intensity or more,

The pulses of the X-rays filtered by the comparator 30 are counted and integrated as X-ray doses, and the amount of X-rays detected by the detector 2 is subtracted from the total amount of X-rays generated by the X-ray generator 1. An x-ray exposure measurement apparatus for a subject comprising a processor 40 for calculating the X-ray exposure amount of the.
The method of claim 1,

The scintillation multiplier 10 measures the total amount of X-rays generated by being disposed in front of the X-ray generator 1, while the scintillation multiplier 20 is disposed directly in front of the dry plate as a detector and transmitted through the subject. An X-ray exposure measuring device for a subject, characterized in that for measuring the dose.
The method of claim 2,

The scintillation multipliers 10 and 20 detect scintillation panels formed in a plate shape having a predetermined thickness to minimize X-ray absorption from the scintillator, and the number and intensity of visible light generated in the scintillator as the X-rays collide with the scintillator. And an optical multiplier (11, 21) connected to the scintillator panel in order to measure an X-ray exposure amount of the examinee.
The method of claim 1,

The exposure amount management unit 50 which receives the X-ray exposure data calculated by the processor 40 and cumulatively adds the individual X-ray exposure amounts for a predetermined period of time for each preset period to manage whether the X-ray exposure dose allowance is exceeded. X-ray exposure measurement apparatus of a subject further comprising a.
The method of claim 3

The processor 40 counts pulses by the X-rays filtered by the comparator 30 and integrates them as X-ray doses, and X in the optical multiplier 21 at the total X-ray dose SC1 in the optical multiplier 11. An X-ray exposure dose measuring apparatus for an examinee, characterized in that the dose obtained by subtracting the dose (SC2) is calculated as the exposure dose.
The method of claim 1,

The scintillator detector 10 is arranged between the X-ray generator 1 and the subject in close proximity to the subject and measures the X-ray dose irradiated to the subject, while the scintillator detector 20 measures the subject between the dry plate and the subject as a detector. An apparatus for measuring X-ray exposure of a subject, characterized by measuring the amount of X-rays proximate to and passing through the subject.
Measuring the X-ray dose in the optical multipliers 11 and 21 of the flash multipliers 1 and 2 installed in the X-ray inspection apparatus (S1),

Removing noise caused by natural radiation from the signals of the optical multipliers measured in step S1 (S2),

Calculating, by the processor 40, the exposed X-ray exposure amount by subtracting the X-ray dose SC2 measuring the X-ray dose passing through the human body from the total X-ray dose SC1 emitted from the X-ray generator (S3);

(S4) accumulating and storing an X-ray exposure amount and a past exposure amount in the individual history calculated in the step S3;

And (S5) managing whether the cumulative exposure amount set in advance is exceeded by summing individual X-ray exposure amounts calculated in step S4 and transmitted from individual hospitals.