WO2017166320A1 - Signal generation method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a signal generation method and apparatus. In the embodiments of the present invention, by changing the number and reserved positions of inserted phase anchors, a reserved position comprising any one or any combination of a head position, an intermediate position and an end position is reserved in Nd time domain symbol resource blocks, so as to avoid the limitations of an application scenario on the length of a CP while ensuring the head-to-end continuity of the last obtained SC-FDM symbol.

Description

Signal generation method and device Technical field

Embodiments of the present invention relate to communication technologies, and in particular, to a signal generation method and apparatus.

Background technique

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology is one of the implementation methods of multi-carrier transmission scheme, and it is a multi-carrier transmission scheme with the lowest complexity and the widest application. In the OFDM waveform, the frequency domain of each subcarrier is a sinc function waveform, and the sideband roll-off is very slow, and the resulting out-of-band leakage causes relatively large interference to adjacent systems.

It is generally believed in the industry that the reason for the slow roll-off of OFDM waveform sidebands is due to discontinuities between adjacent OFDM symbols. The Phase Anchored Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiplexing (PA-SC-FDM) technology is one of the techniques for reducing the out-of-band leakage problem. The specific process is: the encoded bit stream Perform QAM modulation to obtain (Nd-2) QAM symbol strings of QAM symbols, where Nd is a DFT transform point number; then, for this (Nd-2) QAM symbols, in its first QAM symbol and (1) -L/N)×Nd+1 QAM symbols are inserted into the phase anchor point to obtain Nd QAM symbols, and the inserted phase anchor point value may be 0 or a fixed QAM symbol value; then, Nd QAM symbols are sequentially Nd. The DFT transform and the N-point IDFT transform are used to obtain the IDFT output. Finally, the IDFT output is cyclic prefix (Cyclic Prefix, CP for short), and the length of the CP is L, that is, a part of the L samples of the IDFT output tail is copied. Adding to the front of the IDFT output, a Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) symbol is generated. The PA-SC-FDM technique naturally creates a certain continuity between two SC-FDM symbols by adding an insertion phase anchor between QAM modulation and DFT conversion.

However, it should be pointed out that in the PA-SC-FDM technology, in order to ensure that the SC-FDM symbols are consecutive at the beginning and the end, the first QAM symbol and the (1-L/N)×Nd+1 QAM in the QAM symbol string are required. The same phase anchor is inserted at the symbol, and it is also necessary to ensure that Nd × L / N is an integer. That is to say, for the PA-SC-FDM technology, the time domain symbol resources allocated to the user in the system are fixed (that is, the Nd value is fixed). The application scenario has certain restrictions on the length of the CP. For example, the length of the CP corresponding to the 2048-point IDFT transform of the existing LTE system is 160/144. In this case, Nd×L/N=12d×L/2048=Nd/128, or Nd×L/N=Nd ×144/2048=9×Nd/128, Nd can only be an integer multiple of 128. In the existing system design, Nd=U×d, U and d are positive integers, 1≤d≤100, assuming U=12, in this case, d can only be 32, 64 and 96, then PA-SC cannot be used. -FDM technology.

Summary of the invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for generating a signal to overcome the limitation of the CP length of the application scenario existing in the prior art when the leakage is reduced.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a signal generating method, including: determining a reserved location in a Nd time domain symbol resource block, where the reserved location includes any of a head position, an intermediate position, and a tail position. One or any combination thereof; Nq modulation symbols are sequentially mapped to Nd time domain symbol resources, except for the reserved position, the Nq modulation symbols are obtained by modulating the encoded bit stream, and Nd is greater than Nq, and Nq and Nd are positive integers, the difference between Nd and Nq is the number of time domain symbol resource blocks included in the reserved position; the phase anchor point value is inserted at the reserved position to obtain Nd symbols; and Nd symbols are obtained An Nd point DFT and an N point IDFT are performed to obtain an IDFT output; a CP is added to the IDFT output to generate an SC-FDM symbol.

In this embodiment, when the time domain symbol resource allocated by the system to the user is fixed (that is, the Nd value is fixed), the reserved position in the Nd time domain symbol resource block is determined, wherein the reserved location includes the head position. Any one of the intermediate position and the tail position, or any combination thereof, with respect to the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention reserves in the Nd time domain symbol resource block by changing the number of inserted phase anchor points and the reserved position. Different from the reserved positions of the first QAM symbol and the (1-L/N)×Nd+1 QAM symbols in the prior art, to ensure that the first and last consecutive SC-FDM symbols are consecutive, there is no need to guarantee Nd. ×L/N must be an integer to avoid the limitation of the CP length in the application scenario.

In a first implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining the reserved location in the Nd time domain symbol resource block may include: determining, according to the length of the CP, the Nd and the N, the preamble in the Nd time domain symbol resource block. The remaining position, wherein the number of time domain symbol resource blocks included in the head position, the middle position, and the tail position are not all zeros.

In a second implementation manner of the first aspect, the head position is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nh from the first time domain symbol resource block to the Nd time domain symbol resource block direction, Nh. Greater than or equal to 0, and Nh is less than or equal to M, where M is the length of the CP divided by N, multiplied by the value of Nd, and the value obtained after rounding up. The intermediate position may include a first portion and a second portion. The first part is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nm0 from the Mth time domain symbol resource block to the first time domain symbol resource block direction, Nm0 is greater than or equal to 0, and Nm0 is less than or equal to M minus The value obtained after Nh. The second part is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nm1 from the M+1th time domain symbol resource block to the Nd time domain symbol resource block, where Nm1 is greater than or equal to 0, and Nm1 is less than or equal to Nd minus the value obtained after M. The tail position is a time domain symbol resource block from the Nd time domain symbol resource block to the first time domain symbol resource block direction, and the reserved length is Nt, Nt is greater than or equal to 0, and Nt is less than or equal to Nd minus The value obtained after M.

In a third implementation of the first aspect, Nh is equal to 0, Nt is equal to 0, and the sum of Nm0 and Nm1 is greater than zero.

In a fourth implementation manner of the first aspect, the inserting the phase anchor point value in the reserved position to obtain the Nd symbols may include: Nm0 of the headers of the Nq modulation symbols corresponding to the i-1th OFDM symbol. The value is assigned to the first portion of the intermediate position of the i-th SC-FDM symbol; the Nm1 values of the tail of the Nq modulation symbols corresponding to the i-th OFDM symbol are assigned to the second position of the intermediate position of the i-th OFDM symbol In part, i is a positive integer greater than one.

In a fifth implementation manner of the first aspect, after adding the CP to the IDFT output to generate the SC-FDM symbol, the method may further include: performing time domain filtering processing on the SC-FDM symbol.

In this embodiment, the transition between two adjacent SC-FDM symbols is relatively smoothed by the time domain filtering process at the transmitting end, thereby reducing out-of-band leakage. In addition, the phase anchor point value is 0 in the reserved position, so that the adjacent two SC-FDM symbols generate a value of nearly zero energy in the adjacent ones. Therefore, the SC-FDM obtained in the embodiment of the present invention is obtained. Symbols (instantaneous domain filtering and symbol reserved SC-FDM) have lower out-of-band leakage characteristics. Moreover, this embodiment can also eliminate the influence of inter-symbol interference introduced by the time domain filtering process and improve link performance.

In a sixth implementation manner of the first aspect, after the adding the CP to the IDFT output and generating the SC-FDM symbol, the method may further include: performing time domain windowing on the SC-FDM symbol.

In this embodiment, the transition between two adjacent SC-FDM symbols is relatively smoothed by the time domain filtering process at the transmitting end, thereby reducing out-of-band leakage. In addition, the phase anchor point value is 0 at the reserved position, so that two adjacent SC-FDM symbols generate an energy near the adjacent one. The value of zero, so on the basis of ensuring the reduction of out-of-band leakage characteristics, firstly, the influence of crosstalk between symbols introduced by time domain windowing processing can be eliminated. Second, the energy of the tail of the previous SC-FDM symbol is almost Zero allows the system to combat longer multipath delays, both of which improve link performance.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a signal generating apparatus, including: a determining module, configured to determine a reserved position in a Nd time domain symbol resource block, where the reserved position includes a head position, an intermediate position, and a tail position. Any one of the locations or any combination thereof; a mapping module, configured to sequentially map the Nq modulation symbols into the Nd time domain symbol resources, except for the reserved position, where the Nq modulation symbols are the coded bits The stream is modulated, Nd is greater than Nq, and Nq and Nd are positive integers, and the difference between Nd and Nq is the number of time domain symbol resource blocks included in the reserved position; the insertion module is used to insert the phase at the reserved position. The anchor point value obtains Nd symbols; the transform module is configured to perform Nd point DFT and N point IDFT on the Nd symbols to obtain an IDFT output; and a signal generating module, configured to add a CP to the IDFT output to generate an SC-FDM symbol.

In this embodiment, when the time domain symbol resource allocated by the system to the user is fixed (that is, the Nd value is fixed), the reserved position in the Nd time domain symbol resource block is determined, wherein the reserved location includes the head position. Any one of the intermediate position and the tail position, or any combination thereof, with respect to the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention reserves in the Nd time domain symbol resource block by changing the number of inserted phase anchor points and the reserved position. Different from the reserved positions of the first QAM symbol and the (1-L/N)×Nd+1 QAM symbols in the prior art, to ensure that the first and last consecutive SC-FDM symbols are consecutive, there is no need to guarantee Nd. ×L/N must be an integer to avoid the limitation of the CP length in the application scenario.

In a first implementation manner of the second aspect, the determining module may be specifically configured to: determine a reserved location in the Nd time domain symbol resource blocks according to the length, the Nd, and the N of the CP. The number of time domain symbol resource blocks included in the head position, the middle position, and the tail position are not all 0.

In a second implementation manner of the second aspect, the head position is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nh from the first time domain symbol resource block to the Nd time domain symbol resource block direction, Nh. Greater than or equal to 0, and Nh is less than or equal to M, where M is the length of the CP divided by N, multiplied by the value of Nd, and the value obtained after rounding up. The intermediate position may include a first portion and a second portion. The first part is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nm0 from the Mth time domain symbol resource block to the first time domain symbol resource block direction, Nm0 is greater than or equal to 0, and Nm0 is less than or equal to M minus The value obtained after Nh. The second part is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nm1 from the M+1th time domain symbol resource block to the Nd time domain symbol resource block direction, where Nm1 is greater than Or equal to 0, and Nm1 is less than or equal to the value obtained after Nd minus M. The tail position is a time domain symbol resource block from the Nd time domain symbol resource block to the first time domain symbol resource block direction, and the reserved length is Nt, Nt is greater than or equal to 0, and Nt is less than or equal to Nd minus The value obtained after M.

In a third implementation of the second aspect, Nh is equal to 0, Nt is equal to 0, and the sum of Nm0 and Nm1 is greater than zero.

In a fourth implementation manner of the second aspect, the foregoing insertion module may be specifically configured to: assign Nm0 values of a header of Nq modulation symbols corresponding to the i-1th OFDM symbol to the i-th SC-FDM symbol a first portion of the intermediate position; assigning Nm1 values of the tails of the Nq modulation symbols corresponding to the i-1th OFDM symbol to the second portion of the intermediate position of the i-th OFDM symbol, i being a positive integer greater than one.

In a fifth implementation manner of the second aspect, the apparatus may further include: a filtering module. The filtering module is configured to perform time domain filtering on the SC-FDM symbols.

In this embodiment, the transition between two adjacent SC-FDM symbols is relatively smoothed by the time domain filtering process at the transmitting end, thereby reducing out-of-band leakage. In addition, the phase anchor point value is 0 in the reserved position, so that the adjacent two SC-FDM symbols generate a value of nearly zero energy in the adjacent ones. Therefore, the SC-FDM obtained in the embodiment of the present invention is obtained. Symbols (instantaneous domain filtering and symbol reserved SC-FDM) have lower out-of-band leakage characteristics. Moreover, this embodiment can also eliminate the influence of inter-symbol interference introduced by the time domain filtering process and improve link performance.

In a sixth implementation manner of the second aspect, the apparatus may further include: a windowing module, configured to perform time domain windowing on the SC-FDM symbol.

In this embodiment, the transition between two adjacent SC-FDM symbols is relatively smoothed by the time domain filtering process at the transmitting end, thereby reducing out-of-band leakage. In addition, the phase anchor point value is 0 at the reserved position, so that the adjacent two SC-FDM symbols generate a value of nearly zero energy at the adjacent position, thereby ensuring the reduction of the out-of-band leakage characteristics. First, it can eliminate the influence of crosstalk between symbols introduced by time domain windowing. Second, the tail energy of the previous SC-FDM symbol is nearly zero, so that the system can resist longer multipath delay. Points can improve link performance.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a signal generating apparatus, including: a processor and a memory for storing processor executable instructions. Wherein the processor is operative to execute the executable instructions to perform the method of any of the first aspects.

These and other aspects of the invention will be more apparent from the following description of the embodiments.

DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any inventive labor.

Figure 1A shows two SC-FDM symbols without continuity;

Figure 1B shows two consecutive SC-FDM symbols;

2 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a signal generating method according to the present invention;

Figure 3 shows a relationship diagram of two adjacent SC-FDM symbols;

4 is a schematic diagram showing output results of steps in the first embodiment of the signal generating method of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a reserved position in an embodiment of a signal generating method according to the present invention; FIG.

6 is a schematic diagram showing an effect comparison between an SC-FDM symbol generated by the signal generating method of the present invention and an SC-FDM symbol generated by a conventional technique;

7 is a schematic diagram showing another effect comparison between an SC-FDM symbol generated by the signal generating method of the present invention and an SC-FDM symbol generated by a conventional technique;

8 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 2 of a signal generating method according to the present invention;

9 is a schematic diagram of comparison between SC-FDM symbols generated by the signal generating method of the present invention and SC-FDM symbols generated by using conventional techniques;

10 is a schematic diagram of the effect comparison of the two SC-FDM symbols shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart diagram of Embodiment 3 of a signal generating method according to the present invention;

12 is a schematic diagram showing another effect comparison between an SC-FDM symbol generated by the signal generating method of the present invention and an SC-FDM symbol generated by a conventional technique;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a block error rate of a SC-FDM symbol generated under the same SNR condition by using a conventional technique, a time domain windowing technique, and a time domain windowing and symbol reservation technique;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a signal generating apparatus according to the present invention; FIG.

15 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a signal generating apparatus according to the present invention;

16 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of a signal generating apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of a signal generating apparatus according to the present invention.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

The terms "comprising" and "having", and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such as a process or method comprising a series of steps or units. The system, product, or device is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

The embodiment of the present invention can be applied to an SC-FDM system of any CP length, such as, but not limited to, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system. The device involved in the embodiment of the present invention includes a base station and a user equipment.

The principle of the embodiment of the present invention is to ensure the continuity between the SC-FDM symbols by utilizing the characteristics of a certain natural continuity between the first sample and the last sample after the DFT transform and the IDFT transform of the modulation symbol. Thereby reducing the out-of-band leakage. Among them, FIG. 1A shows two SC-FDM symbols that do not have continuity. Figure 1B shows two SC-FDM symbols with continuity. Referring to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, there is a transition between two symbols of SC-FDM0 and SC-FDM1, and two symbols between SC-FDM2 and SC-FDM3 are continuous.

FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart diagram of Embodiment 1 of a signal generating method according to the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention provides a signal generating method, which may be performed by a signal generating device, which may be implemented by software and/or hardware, where the device may be integrated into a base station or a user equipment, etc. to send SC-FDM symbols. device of. As shown in FIG. 2, the signal generating method includes:

S201. Determine a reserved location in the Nd time domain symbol resource block, where the reserved location includes any one of a head position, an intermediate position, and a tail position, or any combination thereof.

For a certain number of encoded bitstreams, the system allocates certain frequency domain resources (the number of subcarriers, which is not an arbitrary integer value, and has certain restrictions, such as a multiple of 12 in the LTE system). In this embodiment, the number of points Nd of the DFT conversion is set.

The conventional method for obtaining the SC-FDM symbol is: the bit stream is directly subjected to "QAM modulation" to obtain a QAM symbol string of Nd length; then, the Nd length QAM symbol string is mapped to the Nd length time domain symbol resource block for Nd point. After the DFT transform, it is transformed into the frequency domain. The relationship between the SC-FDM symbols finally obtained by the conventional method is as shown in FIG. 1A and is not continuous.

Compared with the conventional technology, the embodiment of the present invention increases the step of symbol reservation. In order to ensure continuity between SC-FDM symbols, it is necessary to insert some specific values irrelevant to the transmission information in the time-domain symbol resource block of the Nd length, and then, in the case where the number of time-domain symbol resource blocks remains unchanged, only The position of these specific values can be reserved in the time domain symbol resource block of the Nd length, and the original bit stream is modulated to generate a symbol string of the number of remaining time domain symbol resource blocks, and then the symbol string is mapped to the remaining The time domain symbol is on the resource block.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the positions and the number of symbols reserved are different from those in the prior art. The number of the reserved symbols in the prior art is two, and the positions are respectively the first QAM symbol and the (1-L/N)×Nd+1 QAM symbols (refer to the background art); In the example, the reserved location includes any one of a head position, an intermediate position, and a tail position, or any combination thereof. The relationship between the SC-FDM symbols finally obtained by the prior art described in the prior art and the method adopted by the embodiment of the present invention is continuous as shown in FIG. 1B. However, in the prior art described in the prior art, when the time domain symbol resource allocated by the system to the user is fixed (that is, the Nd value is fixed), the application scenario has a certain limitation on the CP length. The embodiment of the present invention overcomes the limitation of the CP length in the application scenario by changing the position and number of symbol reservations.

As can be seen from Figure 3, for two adjacent SC-FDM symbols, due to the segmentation and connection of the symbols, there are three places that are not naturally consecutive: the respective CPs of the two SC-FDM symbols are connected to the IDFT output. Two SC-FDM symbols are connected. According to the principle mentioned above, in Fig. 3, P2 and P3 have a certain natural continuity, and P1 is a copy of P3. Therefore, P1 and P2 have a certain natural continuity. Similarly, P5 and P6 can also be obtained. Certain natural continuity. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the discontinuities generated at the junction of the two SC-FDM symbols, namely P3 and P4.

In order to make P3 and P4 continuous, since P4 is known to be a copy of S4, the problem is converted to the continuity of P3 and S4. P3 and P2 are naturally continuous, so as long as S4 and P2 are the same, the continuity of P3 and S4 is guaranteed, that is, the continuity of P3 and P4.

In order to make S4 and P2 the same, since this technique is based on SC-FDM, the process of DFT transform and IDFT transform is similar to the oversampling process of the modulation symbol string, so only the adjustment corresponding to S4 and P2 is needed. The symbols are the same, that is, b2 in the modulation symbol 1 and a1 and a2 in the modulation symbol 0.

S202. N0 modulation symbols are sequentially mapped to positions in the Nd time domain symbol resources except for the reserved position.

The Nq modulation symbols are obtained by modulating the encoded bit stream, Nd is greater than Nq, and Nq and Nd are positive integers, and the difference between Nd and Nq is the number of time domain symbol resource blocks included in the reserved position. .

S203. Insert a phase anchor point value at the reserved position to obtain Nd symbols.

It should be noted that the two steps S202 and S203 can be performed at the same time, and one of them can be executed and the other can be executed, and the present invention is not limited.

Through S202 and S203, Nq modulation symbols and (Nd-Nq) phase anchor values are respectively mapped into Nd time domain symbol resources.

S204: Perform Nd point DFT transform and N point IDFT transform on the Nd symbols to obtain an IDFT output.

For details of the step, refer to the DFT transform and the IDFT transform in the prior art, and details are not described herein.

S205: Add a CP to the IDFT output to generate an SC-FDM symbol.

Specifically, a sample copy of the CP length at the end of the IDFT output is added to the front of this IDFT output to generate an SC-FDM symbol.

符号预留(S201)确定预留位置，如斜线部分所示，包括头部位置、中间位置和尾部位置；在经过S202将上述Nq个符号依次映射到Nd个时域符号资源中、除预留位置之外的位置，及，经过S203将(Nd-Nq)个相位锚点值映射至上述预留位置处，得到Nd个符号；经S204得到IDFT输出；最后，经S205之后生成SC-FDM符号。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the output results of the steps in the first embodiment of the signal generating method of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the encoded bit stream is modulated and then output Nq symbols, expressed as

The symbol reservation (S201) determines a reserved position, as indicated by a hatched portion, including a head position, an intermediate position, and a tail position; and sequentially maps the Nq symbols to Nd time domain symbol resources in S202, except for a position other than the reserved position, and, by S203, mapping (Nd-Nq) phase anchor point values to the reserved position to obtain Nd symbols; obtaining an IDFT output via S204; finally, generating SC-FDM after S205 symbol.

In the signal generating method of the embodiment, when the time domain symbol resource allocated by the system to the user is fixed (that is, the Nd value is fixed), the reserved position in the Nd time domain symbol resource block is determined, wherein the reserved location includes the header. With respect to any one of the positional position, the intermediate position, and the tail position, or any combination thereof, the embodiment of the present invention changes the number of inserted phase anchor points and the reserved position in the Nd time domain symbol resource blocks. The reservation is different from the first QAM symbol and the (1-L/N)× in the prior art. The reserved positions of the Nd+1 QAM symbols are used to ensure that the first and last consecutive SC-FDM symbols are consecutive, and there is no need to ensure that Nd×L/N must be an integer, thereby avoiding the limitation of the CP length in the application scenario.

In the foregoing embodiment, the determining the reserved location in the Nd time domain symbol resource block may be specifically: determining a reserved location in the Nd time domain symbol resource block according to the length of the CP, Nd, and N. The number of time domain symbol resource blocks included in the head position, the middle position, and the tail position are not all 0.

In one implementation, the reserved location is specifically set as follows.

The head position is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nh from the first time domain symbol resource block to the Nd time domain symbol resource block direction. Nh is greater than or equal to 0, and Nh is less than or equal to M, and M is the value obtained by dividing the length of CP by N, multiplying by Nd, and rounding up.

The intermediate position includes a first portion and a second portion. The first part is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nm0 from the Mth time domain symbol resource block to the first time domain symbol resource block direction. Nm0 is greater than or equal to 0, and Nm0 is less than or equal to the value obtained after subtracting Nh from M. The second part is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nm1 from the M+1th time domain symbol resource block to the Nd time domain symbol resource block direction. Nm1 is greater than or equal to 0, and Nm1 is less than or equal to the value obtained after Nd minus M.

The tail position is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nt from the Nd time domain symbol resource block to the first time domain symbol resource block direction. Nt is greater than or equal to 0, and Nt is less than or equal to the value obtained after subtracting M from Nd.

Among them, the middle position and the tail position may coincide.

Nd个时域符号资源块表示为D₁、D₂、…、D_Nd，也就是DFT变换的点数为Nd，并且有0<Nq<Nd；CP的长度为Lcp，小于IDFT变换的点数为N，Lcp<N。Referring to FIG. 5, the encoded bit stream is modulated to obtain Nq modulation symbols, expressed as

Nd time-domain symbol resource blocks are represented as D ₁ , D ₂ , ..., D _Nd , that is, the number of points of the DFT transform is Nd, and 0 < Nq <Nd; the length of the CP is Lcp, and the number of points smaller than the IDFT transform is N , Lcp < N.

表示向上取整符号。如果Nh为0，则表示头部位置不预留符号资源。Specifically, the head position is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nh starting from D ₁ to the D _Nd direction, where 0≤Nh≤M,

Indicates rounding up the symbol. If Nh is 0, it means that the header location does not reserve symbol resources.

The first part and the second part of the intermediate position are defined by D _M as a demarcation point. The first part is a time domain symbol resource block with a length of Nm0 from D _M to the D ₁ direction, where 0 ≤ Nm0 ≤ M-Nh, and if Nm0 is zero, it means that the first part does not reserve symbol resources. The second part is a time domain symbol resource block with a length of Nm1 from D _M+1 to D _Nd direction, where 0≤Nm1≤Nd-M, if Nm1 is zero, it means that the second part is not reserved. symbol.

The tail position is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length Nt starting from D _Nd to the D ₁ direction, where 0≤Nt≤Nd-M, and if Nt is zero, it means that the tail position is not reserved.

Mapping Nq modulation symbols to non-hatched portions of Nd time-domain symbol resource blocks; reserved positions, that is, oblique portions of Nd time-domain symbol resource blocks, are set to the same value, such as the same modulation symbol value or Vacant, the invention is not limited.

In general, the above parameters have different values for different applications and resource allocation numbers. In order to achieve a better out-of-band suppression effect for different time domain symbol resource block allocation sizes, there are certain corresponding modulation symbol reservation positions for different resource allocation modes.

For example, for an LTE system uplink with a 20 MHz transmission bandwidth, the IDFT transform has a number of points of 2048 and a CP length of 160 or 144.

If the frequency domain resource allocated to the user by the system is 25 resource blocks (Resource Block, RB for short), that is, 25×12 time domain symbol resource blocks. When modulating SC-FDM symbols with a CP length of 144, for 25×12 time-domain symbol resource blocks, the reserved position is 1×2 symbol positions (head positions) of 25×12 time-domain symbol resource blocks. , 279th to 281th symbol position (middle position) and 300th symbol position (tail position); when modulating SC-FDM symbols with CP length of 160, reserved positions for 25×12 time-domain symbol resource blocks The first to second symbol positions (head positions) of the 25×12 time-domain symbol resource blocks, the 277th to 279th symbol positions (middle position), and the 300th symbol position (tail position).

Under this setting condition, the SC-FDM symbol obtained by the embodiment of the present invention has lower out-of-band leakage characteristics than the conventional SC-FDM symbol generation. Referring to Figure 6, the vertical axis represents power spectral density in decibels (dB), and the horizontal axis represents normalized frequency in radians/second; in conventional SC-FDM symbol generation (ie, SC-FDM modulation), due to SC-FDM symbols have a high out-of-band leakage, therefore, 10% of the guard bands are reserved on the frequency domain resources to prevent inter-system interference; SC-FDM symbols generated by the scheme of the present invention (ie, symbol reserved) The SC-FDM modulation has a lower out-of-band leakage. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the protection band and improve the efficiency of using spectrum resources.

If the frequency domain resource allocated to the user by the system is 75 RBs, that is, 75×12 time domain symbol resource blocks. When modulating SC-FDM symbols with a CP length of 144, for 75×12 time-domain symbols Resource block, the reserved position is the 1st to 8th symbol positions (head position) of the 75×12 time domain symbol resource blocks, the 836th to 845th symbol positions (middle position), and the 899th to 900th symbol positions ( Tail position); when modulating the SC-FDM symbol with a CP length of 160, for the 75×12 time-domain symbol resource blocks, the reserved position is the first to eighth symbol positions of the 75×12 time-domain symbol resource blocks. (head position), 836 to 845 symbol positions (middle position) and 899 to 900 symbol positions (tail position).

Based on the above embodiment, in another implementation, Nh is set equal to 0, Nt is equal to 0, and the sum of Nm0 and Nm1 is greater than zero. That is to say, no symbol is reserved for both the head position and the tail position, and the symbol is reserved only in the middle position. Specifically, the sum of Nm0 and Nm1 greater than 0 may include three cases: Nm0 is equal to 0, Nm1 is greater than 0; Nm1 is equal to 0, Nm0 is greater than 0; Nm0 is greater than 0, and Nm1 is greater than 0.

Correspondingly, inserting the phase anchor point value in the reserved position to obtain the Nd symbols may include: assigning Nm0 values of the headers of the Nq modulation symbols corresponding to the i-1th SC-FDM symbol to the i-th SC- a first portion of the intermediate position of the FDM symbol, the Nm1 values of the tails of the Nq modulation symbols corresponding to the i-1th SC-FDM symbol are assigned to the second portion of the intermediate position of the i-th SC-FDM symbol, i is A positive integer greater than one. Referring to FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the symbol at b2 in SC-FDM symbol 1 is reserved and set to the value of a1, a2 in the previous SC-FDM symbol (SC-FDM symbol 0).

For example, for an LTE system uplink with a 20 MHz transmission bandwidth, the number of points for IDFT conversion is 2048, and the length of the CP is 512.

If the frequency domain resource allocated to the user by the system is 100 RBs, that is, 100×12 time domain symbol resource blocks. When modulating SC-FDM symbols with a CP length of 512, for 100×12 time-domain symbol resource blocks, the reserved position is the 891th to 900th symbol positions of the 100×12 time-domain symbol resource blocks (the middle position Part), 901 to 915 symbol positions (second portion of the intermediate position), where Nd=1200, Nq=1200-25=1175.

For the first part of the intermediate position, the 1166th to 1175th symbol values of the tails of the 1175th modulation symbols corresponding to the i-1th SC-FDM symbol are assigned to the 1200 time domain symbols corresponding to the i-th SC-FDM symbol. The first part of the intermediate position reserved in the resource block, that is, the symbol resource position of the 891th to the 900th.

For the second part of the intermediate position, 1175 modulations corresponding to the i-1th SC-FDM symbol The first to fifteen symbol values of the header of the symbol are assigned to the second part of the intermediate position reserved in the 1200 time domain symbol resource blocks corresponding to the i-th SC-FDM symbol, that is, the symbol resources of the 901th to 915th. position.

The corresponding effect diagram of the above example is shown in Fig. 7, wherein the vertical axis represents the power spectral density in decibels (dB), and the horizontal axis represents the normalized frequency in radians/second. Referring to FIG. 7, it can be seen that the SC-FDM symbol obtained by the embodiment of the present invention has lower out-of-band leakage characteristics than the conventional SC-FDM symbol generation. In the conventional SC-FDM symbol generation (ie, SC-FDM modulation), since the SC-FDM symbol has a high out-of-band leakage, a 10% guard band is reserved on the frequency domain resource to prevent interference between systems; The SC-FDM symbol generated by the solution of the present invention (that is, the SC-FDM modulation using the symbol reservation) has a lower out-of-band leakage. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the protection band and improve the use efficiency of the spectrum resource.

The foregoing describes, by way of specific embodiments, two implementations for achieving continuity of the two SC-FDM symbols shown in FIG. 3, that is, P3 and P4 are continuous. The first implementation manner is to reserve and set the modulation symbols at b1, b2, and b3 to the same value, for example, the same modulation symbol value or vacant; the second implementation manner is to reserve and set the modulation symbol at b2. For the values of a1 and a2 in the previous SC-FDM symbol, referring to FIG. 3, a1 of modulation symbol 0 is assigned to the second half of b2 in modulation symbol 1, and a2 of modulation symbol 0 is assigned to the first half of b2 in modulation symbol 1. In part, b2 is divided into a front half and a second half by a broken line.

FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart diagram of Embodiment 2 of a signal generating method according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the embodiment may further include: on the basis of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the signal generating method may further include:

S701. Perform time domain filtering processing on the SC-FDM symbol.

Specifically, after the SC-FDM symbol is modulated into frames, it is subjected to time domain filtering processing at the transmitting end. Correspondingly, the received signal is matched and filtered at the receiving end.

In this embodiment, the transition between two adjacent SC-FDM symbols is relatively smoothed by the time domain filtering process at the transmitting end, thereby reducing out-of-band leakage. In addition, the phase anchor point value is 0 at the reserved position, so that the adjacent two SC-FDM symbols generate a value of nearly zero energy in the adjacent places, as shown in FIG. The scheme of the embodiment of the present invention generates an SC-FDM symbol, wherein the CP length is 144, the IDFT conversion point number is 2048, and the SC-FDM symbol length is 2192. The horizontal axis represents the sample point, and the vertical axis represents the amplitude corresponding to the sample point.

The corresponding effect diagram of the above example is shown in FIG. 10, in which the vertical axis represents the power spectral density in decibels (dB), and the horizontal axis represents the normalized frequency in radians/second. Referring to FIG. 10, the SC-FDM symbol obtained by the embodiment of the present invention is compared with the conventional SC-FDM symbol generation (ie, SC-FDM modulation) and the SC-FDM symbol (unsigned reservation) generated by using the time domain filtering ( Instant domain filtering and symbol reserved SC-FDM) have lower out-of-band leakage characteristics.

This embodiment can eliminate the influence of inter-symbol interference introduced by the time domain filtering process, and can further reduce the out-of-band leakage and improve the link performance, as shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Link performance

In Table 1, EVM means Error Vector Magnitude.

FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart diagram of Embodiment 3 of a signal generating method according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 11, the embodiment may further include: on the basis of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the signal generating method may further include:

S901: Perform time domain windowing on the SC-FDM symbol.

Specifically, the transmitting end performs time domain windowing on the connection with the previous SC-FDM symbol on the basis of the currently generated SC-FDM symbol, so that the transition between two adjacent SC-FDM symbols is performed. It becomes relatively smooth, further reducing the out-of-band leak.

In this embodiment, the transition between two adjacent SC-FDM symbols is relatively smoothed by the time domain filtering process at the transmitting end, thereby reducing out-of-band leakage. In addition, the phase anchor point value is 0 at the reserved position, so that the adjacent two SC-FDM symbols generate a value of nearly zero energy at the adjacent position, as shown in FIG. On the basis of ensuring the reduction of out-of-band leakage characteristics, firstly, the influence of crosstalk between symbols introduced by time domain windowing processing can be eliminated. Second, the tail energy of the previous SC-FDM symbol is nearly zero, thereby enabling the system to fight Longer multipath delays, both of which improve link performance.

For example, for a 20 MHz LTE system uplink, a modulation and coding strategy (Modulation) is used in an extended typical urban (Extended Typical Urban, ETU 70 Hz channel condition). And Coding Scheme (MCS) 27, the user allocates resources to RB 90. The corresponding effect diagram under this condition is shown in Fig. 12, in which the vertical axis represents the power spectral density in decibels (dB), and the horizontal axis represents the normalized frequency in radians/second. Referring to FIG. 12, the SC obtained by the embodiment of the present invention is compared with the conventional SC-FDM symbol generation (ie, SC-FDM) and the SC-FDM symbol (ie, symbol reserved SC-FDM) generated by time domain windowing. The -FDM symbol (instant field windowed and symbol reserved SC-FDM) has a lower out-of-band leakage characteristic.

It should also be noted that symbol-reserved SC-FDM modulation is a technique for reducing out-of-band leakage. Time domain windowing is also a technique for reducing out-of-band leakage. Both technologies can be used to reduce out-of-band when used alone. Give way. At the same time, when the user has two technologies, in some cases, the link performance can be improved by 3-5 dB. In other words, the SC-FDM symbol generated by the scheme shown in FIG. 11 has an out-of-band leakage characteristic which is not inferior to the out-of-band leakage characteristic of the SC-FDM symbol (unsigned reservation) generated by using the time domain windowing process alone. .

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the block error rate of SC-FDM symbols generated under the same SNR condition by using conventional techniques, time domain windowing techniques, and time domain windowing and symbol reservation techniques. With the time domain windowing technique, there is an overlap between two adjacent SC-FDM symbols, which introduces Inter Symbol Interference (ISI), which causes link performance degradation, as shown in Figure 13; Time domain windowing and symbol reservation technique, processing 0 at the reserved position, generating some very low energy parts in the modulated SC-FDM symbols, overlapping at the beginning and end of two adjacent SC-FDM symbols is almost equivalent ISI is not introduced to ensure link performance.

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a signal generating apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 14, the signal generating apparatus 10 includes a determining module 11, a mapping module 12, an inserting module 13, a transforming module 14, and a signal generating module 15.

The determining module 11 is configured to determine a reserved location in the Nd time domain symbol resource blocks. Wherein, the reserved location includes any one of a head position, an intermediate position, and a tail position, or any combination thereof. The mapping module 12 is configured to sequentially map the Nq modulation symbols into positions other than the reserved positions in the Nd time domain symbol resources. The Nq modulation symbols are obtained by modulating the encoded bit stream. Nd is greater than Nq, and Nq and Nd are positive integers. The difference between Nd and Nq is the number of time domain symbol resource blocks included in the reserved location. The insertion module 13 is configured to insert a phase anchor point value at a reserved position to obtain Nd symbols. The transform module 14 is configured to perform Nd point DFT and N point IDFT on the Nd symbols to obtain an IDFT output. The signal generation module 15 is configured to add a CP to the IDFT output to generate an SC-FDM symbol.

The device in this embodiment can be used to perform the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the implementation principle and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.

In an implementation manner, the determining module 11 may be specifically configured to: determine a reserved location in the Nd time domain symbol resource blocks according to the length, the Nd, and the N of the CP. The number of time domain symbol resource blocks included in the head position, the middle position, and the tail position are not all 0.

Optionally, the head position is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nh from the first time domain symbol resource block to the Nd time domain symbol resource block direction, where Nh is greater than or equal to 0, and Nh is less than Or equal to M, M is the value obtained by dividing the length of the CP by N, multiplying by Nd, and rounding up. The intermediate position may include a first portion and a second portion. The first part is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nm0 from the Mth time domain symbol resource block to the first time domain symbol resource block direction, Nm0 is greater than or equal to 0, and Nm0 is less than or equal to M minus The value obtained after Nh. The second part is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nm1 from the M+1th time domain symbol resource block to the Nd time domain symbol resource block, where Nm1 is greater than or equal to 0, and Nm1 is less than or equal to Nd minus the value obtained after M. The tail position is a time domain symbol resource block from the Nd time domain symbol resource block to the first time domain symbol resource block direction, and the reserved length is Nt, Nt is greater than or equal to 0, and Nt is less than or equal to Nd minus The value obtained after M.

On the basis of the above embodiments, wherein Nh is equal to 0, Nt is equal to 0, and the sum of Nm0 and Nm1 is greater than zero. At this time, the insertion module 13 may be specifically configured to: assign Nm0 values of the headers of the Nq modulation symbols corresponding to the i-1th OFDM symbol to the first portion of the intermediate position of the i-th SC-FDM symbol; The Nm1 values of the tails of the Nq modulation symbols corresponding to 1 OFDM symbol are assigned to the second portion of the intermediate position of the i-th OFDM symbol, and i is a positive integer greater than 1.

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a signal generating apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 15, this embodiment is based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, and the signal generating apparatus 10 may further include: a filtering module 16. The filtering module 16 is operative to perform time domain filtering on the SC-FDM symbols.

The device in this embodiment may be used to implement the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 8. The implementation principle and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of a signal generating apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 16 , the signal generating apparatus 10 may further include: the windowing module 17 may be further included in the embodiment. The windowing module 17 can be used to perform time domain windowing on SC-FDM symbols.

The device in this embodiment may be used to implement the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 11. The implementation principle and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of a signal generating apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 17, an embodiment of the present invention provides a signal generating apparatus 20, which includes a processor 21 and a memory 22 for storing executable instructions of the processor 21. The processor 21 is configured to execute executable instructions to perform the method of any of the above.

The device in this embodiment may be used to perform the technical solution of any one of the foregoing method embodiments, and the implementation principle and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps to implement the various method embodiments described above may be accomplished by hardware associated with the program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The program, when executed, performs the steps including the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to be limiting; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. range.

Claims (15)

A signal generating method, comprising: Determining a reserved location in the Nd time domain symbol resource blocks, wherein the reserved location includes any one of a head position, an intermediate position, and a tail position, or any combination thereof; Mapping Nq modulation symbols to positions in the Nd time domain symbol resources except for the reserved position, wherein the Nq modulation symbols are obtained by modulating the encoded bit stream, and Nd is greater than Nq And Nq and Nd are positive integers, and the difference between Nd and Nq is the number of time domain symbol resource blocks included in the reserved location; Inserting a phase anchor point value in the reserved position to obtain Nd symbols; Performing an Nd point discrete Fourier transform DFT and an N-point discrete Fourier inverse transform IDFT on the Nd symbols to obtain an IDFT output; A cyclic prefix CP is added to the IDFT output to generate a single carrier frequency division multiplexing SC-FDM symbol. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining a reserved location in the Nd time domain symbol resource blocks comprises: Determining a reserved position in the Nd time domain symbol resource blocks according to the length of the CP, the Nd, and the N, wherein each of the head position, the intermediate position, and the tail position is included The number of domain symbol resource blocks is not all zero. The method of claim 2 wherein: The head position is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nh from the first time domain symbol resource block to the Nd time domain symbol resource block direction, where the Nh is greater than or equal to 0, and the Nh is less than or equal to M, and the M is a value obtained by dividing the length of the CP by the N, multiplying the value after the Nd, and rounding up; The intermediate location includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being a time domain symbol resource block starting from the Mth time domain symbol resource block to the first time domain symbol resource block direction and having a reserved length of Nm0. The Nm0 is greater than or equal to 0, and the Nm0 is less than or equal to a value obtained after the M is subtracted from the Nh, and the second part is from the M+1th time domain symbol resource block to the Ndth a time domain symbol resource block direction, a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nm1, the Nm1 being greater than or equal to 0, and the Nm1 being less than or equal to a value obtained after the Nd minus the M; The tail position is a time domain symbol resource block from the Nd time domain symbol resource block to the first time domain symbol resource block direction, and the reserved length is Nt, the Nt is greater than or equal to 0, and the Nt is less than or equal to the value obtained after the Nd minus the M. The method according to claim 3, wherein said Nh is equal to 0, said Nt is equal to 0, and a sum of said Nm0 and said Nm1 is greater than zero. The method according to claim 4, wherein the inserting the phase anchor point value in the reserved position to obtain Nd symbols comprises: And assigning Nm0 values of the headers of the Nq modulation symbols corresponding to the i-1th OFDM symbol to the first portion of the intermediate position of the i-th SC-FDM symbol; The Nm1 values of the tails of the Nq modulation symbols corresponding to the i-1th OFDM symbol are assigned to the second portion of the intermediate position of the i-th OFDM symbol, where i is a positive integer greater than one. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein after the adding the CP to the IDFT output to generate an SC-FDM symbol, the method further includes: The SC-FDM symbol is subjected to time domain filtering processing. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein after the adding the CP to the IDFT output to generate an SC-FDM symbol, the method further includes: Performing time domain windowing on the SC-FDM symbols. A signal generating device, comprising: a determining module, configured to determine a reserved location in the Nd time domain symbol resource blocks, wherein the reserved location includes any one of a head position, an intermediate position, and a tail position, or any combination thereof; a mapping module, configured to sequentially map Nq modulation symbols into positions in the Nd time domain symbol resources except the reserved position, where the Nq modulation symbols are modulated by the encoded bit stream Nd is greater than Nq, and Nq and Nd are positive integers, and the difference between Nd and Nq is the number of time domain symbol resource blocks included in the reserved position; Inserting a module, configured to insert a phase anchor point value in the reserved position to obtain Nd symbols; a transform module, configured to perform an Nd point discrete Fourier transform DFT and an N-point discrete Fourier inverse transform IDFT on the Nd symbols to obtain an IDFT output; And a signal generating module, configured to add a cyclic prefix CP to the IDFT output to generate a single carrier frequency division multiplexing SC-FDM symbol. The device according to claim 8, wherein the determining module is specifically configured to: Determining a reserved position in the Nd time domain symbol resource blocks according to the length of the CP, the Nd, and the N, wherein the head position, the intermediate position, and the tail position respectively include The number of time domain symbol resource blocks is not all zero. The device of claim 9 wherein: The head position is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nh from the first time domain symbol resource block to the Nd time domain symbol resource block direction, where the Nh is greater than or equal to 0, and the Nh is less than or equal to M, and the M is a value obtained by dividing the length of the CP by the N, multiplying the value after the Nd, and rounding up; The intermediate location includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being a time domain symbol resource block starting from the Mth time domain symbol resource block to the first time domain symbol resource block direction and having a reserved length of Nm0. The Nm0 is greater than or equal to 0, and the Nm0 is less than or equal to a value obtained after the M is subtracted from the Nh, and the second part is from the M+1th time domain symbol resource block to the Ndth a time domain symbol resource block direction, a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nm1, the Nm1 being greater than or equal to 0, and the Nm1 being less than or equal to a value obtained after the Nd minus the M; The tail position is a time domain symbol resource block with a reserved length of Nt from the Nd time domain symbol resource block to the first time domain symbol resource block direction, the Nt is greater than or equal to 0, and the Nt is Less than or equal to the value obtained after subtracting the M from the Nd. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said Nh is equal to 0, said Nt is equal to 0, and a sum of said Nm0 and said Nm1 is greater than zero. The device according to claim 11, wherein the insertion module is specifically configured to: And assigning Nm0 values of the headers of the Nq modulation symbols corresponding to the i-1th OFDM symbol to the first portion of the intermediate position of the i-th SC-FDM symbol; The Nm1 values of the tails of the Nq modulation symbols corresponding to the i-1th OFDM symbol are assigned to the second portion of the intermediate position of the i-th OFDM symbol, where i is a positive integer greater than one. The device according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the device further comprises: And a filtering module, configured to perform time domain filtering processing on the SC-FDM symbol. The device according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the device further comprises: A windowing module is configured to perform time domain windowing on the SC-FDM symbol. A signal generating device, comprising: a processor and a memory for storing processor executable instructions; The processor is configured to execute the executable instructions to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7.

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