WO2017159799A1 - Biological tissue information measuring instrument and biological tissue information measuring method - Google Patents
Biological tissue information measuring instrument and biological tissue information measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017159799A1 WO2017159799A1 PCT/JP2017/010709 JP2017010709W WO2017159799A1 WO 2017159799 A1 WO2017159799 A1 WO 2017159799A1 JP 2017010709 W JP2017010709 W JP 2017010709W WO 2017159799 A1 WO2017159799 A1 WO 2017159799A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/1459—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter
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Abstract
The present invention provides a biological tissue information measuring instrument and a biological tissue information measuring method capable of acquiring information about a desired biological tissue at a narrow site during an endoscopic operation. In addition, the present invention provides a biological tissue information measuring instrument and a biological tissue information measuring method capable of acquiring desired biological tissue information not only during an endoscopic operation but also in scenes such as any surgery or inspection that are performed in contact with a biological tissue. This biological tissue information measuring instrument is provided with: a handle part gripped by an operator for operation; a long-sized insertion tube extending from one end of the handle part; a light-emitting part arranged close to a distal end of the insertion tube to irradiate near-infrared light toward a biological issue; and a light-receiving part arranged close to the distal end of the insertion tube so as to be brought into contact with the biological tissue.
Description
本発明は、生体組織情報測定器及び生体組織情報測定方法に関し、特に、患部に直接当てて生体組織情報を測定する生体組織情報測定器及び生体組織情報測定方法に関する。
The present invention relates to a biological tissue information measuring device and a biological tissue information measuring method, and more particularly to a biological tissue information measuring device and a biological tissue information measuring method for measuring biological tissue information by directly applying to an affected part.
従来から、病変部の診断において、表層微細血管等の血管形状情報と血中ヘモグロビンの酸素飽和度との両方を把握する内視鏡システムが知られている。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an endoscopic system that grasps both blood vessel shape information such as superficial microvessels and oxygen saturation of blood hemoglobin in diagnosis of a lesion is known.
また、このような内視鏡システムは、ガンなどの病変部の診断に用いられる表層微細血管等の血管形状情報と血中ヘモグロビンの酸素飽和度の両方を把握するために用いている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
In addition, such an endoscope system is used to grasp both blood vessel shape information such as superficial microvessels used for diagnosis of lesions such as cancer and oxygen saturation of blood hemoglobin (for example, Patent Document 1).
一方、近年の外科手術にあっては、患者への負担を軽減させるために開創部位をできるだけ少なくし、内視鏡を用いて患者の深部に存在する患部を切除したり縫合する内視鏡手術が多く行われることが一般的になりつつある。
On the other hand, in recent surgical operations, endoscopic surgery is performed in which the number of wound sites is reduced as much as possible to reduce the burden on the patient, and the affected part existing in the deep part of the patient is excised or sutured using an endoscope. It is becoming common for many to be done.
しかしながら、このような内視鏡手術にあっては、患部周辺の術野を直接目視しながらの開創手術では可能であった術野の情報収集が困難となり、現状における患部の血流量や活性度の情報を得ることができないという新たな問題が発生した。
However, such endoscopic surgery makes it difficult to collect information on the surgical field, which was possible with open surgery while directly viewing the surgical field around the affected area. There was a new problem that could not be obtained.
したがって、このような内視鏡手術にあっても、偏狭な部位（患部付近）であっても、その部位の所望の生体組織情報（例えば、酸素飽和度、ヘモグロビンの量、又は血流量など）を取得しつつ手術を行うことが望ましい。
Therefore, even in such endoscopic surgery, even in a narrow part (near the affected part), desired biological tissue information of the part (for example, oxygen saturation, hemoglobin amount, blood flow rate, etc.) It is desirable to perform surgery while acquiring
本発明は、上述のような課題を解決するために、内視鏡手術中にあっても偏狭な部位における所望の生体組織情報を取得することができる生体組織情報測定器および生体組織情報測定方法を提供することを目的とする。
In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a biological tissue information measuring instrument and biological tissue information measuring method capable of acquiring desired biological tissue information in a narrow part even during endoscopic surgery. The purpose is to provide.
また、本発明は、内視鏡手術だけでなく、低侵襲手術、開胸・開腹手術、消化器、泌尿器、腎臓、腸管、肝臓、および膵臓など生体組織に接触して行われるあらゆる手術や検査などの場面において、所望の部位の生体組織の情報を取得することができる生体組織情報測定器および生体組織情報測定方法を提供することを目的とする。
Further, the present invention is not limited to endoscopic surgery, but includes any invasive surgery, thoracotomy / laparotomy, digestive organs, urinary organs, kidneys, intestinal tract, liver, pancreas, or any other surgery or examination performed in contact with living tissue. It is an object of the present invention to provide a biological tissue information measuring device and a biological tissue information measuring method capable of acquiring information on a biological tissue at a desired site.
本発明に係る生体組織情報測定器は、上記目的を達成のため、操作者が握持して操作するための把手部と、把手部の一端から延びる長尺状の挿入管と、挿入管の先端寄りに配置して生体組織に向けて近赤外光を照射する発光部と、生体組織接触可能となるように挿入管の先端寄りに配置した受光部と、を備えるものである。
In order to achieve the above object, a biological tissue information measuring device according to the present invention includes a handle for an operator to hold and operate, a long insertion tube extending from one end of the handle, and an insertion tube. A light emitting unit disposed near the distal end and irradiating near-infrared light toward the living tissue, and a light receiving unit disposed near the distal end of the insertion tube so as to be able to come into contact with the living tissue.
また、本発明に係る生体組織情報測定方法は、上記目的を達成のため、操作者が把手部を握持して操作するための把手工程と、把手部の一端から延びる長尺状の挿入管の先端寄りに配置して生体に向けて近赤外光を照射する発光工程と、生体に接触可能となるように挿入管の先端寄りに配置した受光工程とを含むものである。
In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the biological tissue information measuring method according to the present invention includes a gripping step for an operator to grip and operate the handle portion, and a long insertion tube extending from one end of the handle portion. And a light emitting step of irradiating near-infrared light toward the living body and a light receiving step arranged near the tip of the insertion tube so as to be able to come into contact with the living body.
本発明によれば、内視鏡手術中にあっても偏狭な部位における所望の生体組織の情報を取得することができる。
According to the present invention, it is possible to acquire information on a desired biological tissue in a narrow part even during endoscopic surgery.
また、本発明によれば、内視鏡手術に限らず、生体組織に接触して行われるあらゆる手術や検査などの場面において、所望の生体組織の情報を取得することができる。
Further, according to the present invention, information on a desired biological tissue can be acquired not only in an endoscopic operation but also in every operation or examination performed in contact with the biological tissue.
次に、本発明に係る一実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。
Next, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
図１に示すように、生体組織情報測定器１０は、操作者が握持して操作するための把手部１１と、把手部１１の一端から延びる長尺状の挿入管１２と、挿入管１２の先端寄りに配置して生体組織（例えば、人体患部）に向けて近赤外光を照射する発光部１３と、生体組織（例えば、人体患部）に接触可能となるように挿入管１２の先端寄りに配置した受光部１４と、を備える。
As shown in FIG. 1, the biological tissue information measuring instrument 10 includes a handle portion 11 for an operator to hold and operate, a long insertion tube 12 extending from one end of the handle portion 11, and an insertion tube 12. And the distal end of the insertion tube 12 so as to be able to come into contact with the living tissue (for example, the affected part of the human body). A light receiving unit 14 disposed close to the light receiving unit 14.
把手部１１は、比較的軽量で操作性の良い樹脂等の円筒等を適宜の長さとして用いている。なお、把手部１１の長さや太さは任意である。
The handle 11 is made of a relatively lightweight cylinder with a good operability and the like having an appropriate length. In addition, the length and thickness of the handle part 11 are arbitrary.
挿入管１２は、例えば、直径が４ｍｍ、長さがＬのステンレスパイプ等の直管状の長管であり、その肉厚は、約０．５ｍｍとなっている。また、挿入管１２には、図１（Ｂ）及び図１（Ｃ）に示すように、発光部１３及び受光部１４を挿入管１２の内部に組み込むための穴１２ａ，１２ｂを形成している。挿入管１２の内部には、発光部１３と受光部１４とを組み込んだ状態で体液などが内部に入り込まないように、シリコンゴムやエポキシ樹脂等を充填することによって防水構造を確保している。
The insertion tube 12 is, for example, a straight tubular long tube such as a stainless steel pipe having a diameter of 4 mm and a length of L, and has a thickness of about 0.5 mm. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, holes 12 a and 12 b for incorporating the light emitting unit 13 and the light receiving unit 14 into the insertion tube 12 are formed in the insertion tube 12. . The insertion tube 12 is filled with a silicone rubber, an epoxy resin, or the like so as to prevent body fluid from entering the inside of the insertion tube 12 with the light emitting unit 13 and the light receiving unit 14 incorporated therein.
なお、挿入管１２の素材は特に限定されず、ステンレス製のほか、チタン合金、ＡＢＳ樹脂、デルリン、シリコン樹脂、フッ素樹脂、および塩化ビニール等でもよい。
The material of the insertion tube 12 is not particularly limited, and may be made of stainless steel, titanium alloy, ABS resin, delrin, silicon resin, fluororesin, and vinyl chloride.
本実施の形態において、発光部１３を挿入管１２の内部に組み込むための穴１２ａは、図１（Ｂ）に示すように、挿入管１２の径方向における発光部１３の幅Ｒ１よりもわずかに幅広な幅Ｗ１に形成している。したがって、詳細には図示しないが、穴１２ａは、挿入管１２の長さ方向における発光部１３の長さよりもわずかに縦長な長さに形成している。
In the present embodiment, the hole 12a for incorporating the light emitting unit 13 into the insertion tube 12 is slightly smaller than the width R1 of the light emitting unit 13 in the radial direction of the insertion tube 12, as shown in FIG. A wide width W1 is formed. Therefore, although not shown in detail, the hole 12 a is formed to have a slightly longer length than the length of the light emitting portion 13 in the length direction of the insertion tube 12.
また、受光部１４を挿入管１２の内部に組み込むための穴１２ｂは、平面視において略真円状であり、図１（Ｃ）に示すように、挿入管１２の径方向における受光部１３の直径Ｒ２よりもわずかに幅広な径Ｗ２に形成している。
Further, the hole 12b for incorporating the light receiving portion 14 into the insertion tube 12 is substantially circular in a plan view, and the light receiving portion 13 in the radial direction of the insertion tube 12 is shown in FIG. The diameter W2 is slightly wider than the diameter R2.
なお、近赤外領域を含む近赤外光を照射する発光部１３と、この発光部１３よりも把手部１１に寄った受光部１４とは、所定の距離、例えば、中心間距離Ｄ≒１０ｍｍ（誤差等を含む）だけ離間して挿入管１２の先端寄りに配置している。
The light emitting unit 13 that irradiates near infrared light including the near infrared region and the light receiving unit 14 that is closer to the handle unit 11 than the light emitting unit 13 have a predetermined distance, for example, a center distance D≈10 mm. The insertion tube 12 is arranged close to the tip of the insertion tube 12 (including errors and the like).
発光部１３には発光ダイオード（ＬＥＤ）を用いており、受光部１４にはフォトダイオード（ＰＤ）、生体組織（例えば、人体患部）に近赤外光束を出射する。本実施の形態において、発光部１３は、７７０ｎｍ，８０５ｎｍ，８７０ｎｍの３波長の近赤外光を使用し、順次切り替えて照射する。
A light emitting diode (LED) is used for the light emitting unit 13, and a near infrared light beam is emitted to the photodiode (PD) and living tissue (for example, a human affected area) to the light receiving unit 14. In the present embodiment, the light emitting unit 13 uses near-infrared light of three wavelengths of 770 nm, 805 nm, and 870 nm, and sequentially irradiates the light.
受光部１４は、生体組織（例えば、人体患部）に向けた出射した近赤外光束は生体を通過して、生体組織（例えば、人体患部）の状況に応じて反射した反射光束を受光する。受光した反射光束は、測定回路１６によって各波長の吸光比からベアーランバートの法則で酸素飽和度、ヘモグロビンの量、又は血流量などの生体組織情報が計算される。
The light receiving unit 14 receives the reflected light beam reflected by the near-infrared light beam emitted toward the living tissue (for example, the affected part of the human body) through the living body and reflected according to the state of the living tissue (for example, the affected part of the human body). The received reflected light beam is calculated by the measurement circuit 16 from the light absorption ratio of each wavelength according to Bear Lambert's law, and the biological tissue information such as the oxygen saturation, the amount of hemoglobin, or the blood flow.
本実施の形態において、光源制御回路１５に接続するための発光部１３（ＬＥＤ）や、測定回路１６に接続するための受光部１４（ＰＤ）の配線は、把手部１１より必要な長さだけ引出し、これら光源制御回路１５及び測定回路１６を含む測定装置本体（図示せず）に接続される。
In the present embodiment, the wiring of the light emitting unit 13 (LED) for connecting to the light source control circuit 15 and the light receiving unit 14 (PD) for connecting to the measuring circuit 16 are only as long as necessary from the handle unit 11. The drawer is connected to a measurement apparatus main body (not shown) including the light source control circuit 15 and the measurement circuit 16.
なお、測定装置本体は、光源制御回路１５を制御するとともに、測定回路１６で測定した測定結果を制御回路１７の制御によって記憶回路１８や表示モニタ１９に出力するユニットである。
The measurement apparatus main body is a unit that controls the light source control circuit 15 and outputs the measurement result measured by the measurement circuit 16 to the storage circuit 18 and the display monitor 19 under the control of the control circuit 17.
本実施の他の形態において、生体組織情報測定器１０は、受光部１４（ＰＤ）によって受光した反射光束に関する情報を測定回路１６に設けた受信部（図示せず）に無線送信する無線送信部（図示せず）をさらに備えることができる。ここで、無線送信部は把手部１１の内部に収容する構成とすることができる。
なお、無線送信部を把手部１１の内部に収容する構成とした場合には、光源制御回路１５、および制御回路１７も無線送信部と同様に把手部１１の内部に収容する構成とすることができる。また、無線送信部の電源を確保するための電源部は、把手部１１のいずれかの場所に備える構成とすることができる。 In another embodiment of the present invention, the biological tissueinformation measuring device 10 wirelessly transmits information related to the reflected light beam received by the light receiving unit 14 (PD) to a receiving unit (not shown) provided in the measurement circuit 16. (Not shown) can further be provided. Here, the wireless transmission unit may be configured to be accommodated inside the handle unit 11.
In addition, when it is set as the structure which accommodates a radio | wireless transmission part in thehandle part 11, it is set as the structure which accommodates the light source control circuit 15 and the control circuit 17 in the handle part 11 similarly to a radio | wireless transmission part. it can. In addition, the power supply unit for securing the power supply of the wireless transmission unit can be configured to be provided at any location of the handle unit 11.
なお、無線送信部を把手部１１の内部に収容する構成とした場合には、光源制御回路１５、および制御回路１７も無線送信部と同様に把手部１１の内部に収容する構成とすることができる。また、無線送信部の電源を確保するための電源部は、把手部１１のいずれかの場所に備える構成とすることができる。 In another embodiment of the present invention, the biological tissue
In addition, when it is set as the structure which accommodates a radio | wireless transmission part in the
また、本実施の他の形態において、測定回路１６に設けた受信部では、受信した反射光束に関する情報に基づいて、各波長の吸光比からベアーランバートの法則で酸素飽和度、ヘモグロビンの量、又は血流量などの生体組織情報が計算される。
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the receiving unit provided in the measurement circuit 16 is based on the information on the received reflected light flux, and the oxygen saturation, the amount of hemoglobin, or Biological tissue information such as blood flow is calculated.
把手部１１の内部に収容された無線送信部は、受光部１４（ＰＤ）によって受光した反射光束に関する情報を測定回路１６に設けた受信部に無線送信する機能を有する。無線送信部が有する無線送信機能としては、例えば、無線送信可能なデバイスを用い、Ｂｌｕｅｔｏｏｔｈ（登録商標）の方式を採用することができる。
The wireless transmission unit accommodated in the handle unit 11 has a function of wirelessly transmitting information related to the reflected light beam received by the light receiving unit 14 (PD) to the reception unit provided in the measurement circuit 16. As a wireless transmission function of the wireless transmission unit, for example, a Bluetooth (registered trademark) system can be adopted using a device capable of wireless transmission.
測定回路１６に設けた受信部は、把手部１１の内部に収容された無線送信部から無線送信された反射光束に関する情報を無線受信する機能を有する。測定回路１６に設けた受信部が有する無線受信機能としては、例えば、無線受信可能なデバイスを用い、Ｂｌｕｅｔｏｏｔｈ（登録商標）の方式を採用することができる。
The receiving unit provided in the measurement circuit 16 has a function of wirelessly receiving information on the reflected light beam wirelessly transmitted from the wireless transmission unit accommodated in the handle unit 11. As the wireless reception function of the reception unit provided in the measurement circuit 16, for example, a device capable of wireless reception can be used and a Bluetooth (registered trademark) system can be adopted.
無線送信部から反射光束に関する情報を無線送信する間隔は、特に限定されるものではないが、省力化の観点から、受光部１４（ＰＤ）によって受光した反射光束に関する複数の情報を例えば移動平均し、そのデータを所定の間隔（例えば、数秒に１回の間隔）で測定回路１６に設けた受信部に無線送信することが好ましい。
The interval at which the information related to the reflected light beam is wirelessly transmitted from the wireless transmission unit is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of labor saving, a plurality of pieces of information related to the reflected light beam received by the light receiving unit 14 (PD) are averaged, for example. The data is preferably wirelessly transmitted to a receiving unit provided in the measurement circuit 16 at a predetermined interval (for example, once every several seconds).
上述したように、無線送信部は、生体組織情報測定器１０の把手部１１の内部に収容する構成とすることができる。これによって、手術や検査などの場面において、生体組織情報測定器１０の操作がより円滑に行い易くなる。
As described above, the wireless transmission unit can be configured to be accommodated inside the handle unit 11 of the biological tissue information measuring device 10. This makes it easier to operate the biological tissue information measuring instrument 10 more smoothly in scenes such as surgery and examination.
ところで、発光部１３と受光部１４との中心間距離Ｄは、その離間距離によって測定できる生体組織の深さを変更することができる。本実施の形態の発光部１３と受光部１４とは、中心間距離Ｄの７０～８０％の深さを測定することができるので、測定部位にふさわしい距離に設定することができる。したがって、上述した中心間距離Ｄ≒１０ｍｍとした場合、測定できる部分の深さは表面から７～８ｍｍとなる。なお、発光部１３と受光部１４とは、プリント配線基板に実装して中心間距離Ｄを精度よく保ってもよいし、変更可能としてもよい。
By the way, the distance D between the centers of the light emitting unit 13 and the light receiving unit 14 can change the depth of the living tissue that can be measured by the separation distance. Since the light emitting unit 13 and the light receiving unit 14 of the present embodiment can measure a depth of 70 to 80% of the center-to-center distance D, it can be set to a distance suitable for the measurement site. Therefore, when the above-mentioned center distance D≈10 mm, the depth of the measurable part is 7 to 8 mm from the surface. The light emitting unit 13 and the light receiving unit 14 may be mounted on a printed wiring board to maintain the center-to-center distance D with high accuracy, or may be changeable.
実際の測定には、人体の内視鏡用に明けてある穴に挿入管１２を差し込み、内視鏡で部位を確認しながら、発光部１３および受光部１４を測定部位に接触させて密着させる。そして、所定時間（例えば、５秒後）に測定部位の酸素飽和度、ヘモグロビンの量、又は血流量などの生体組織での情報を測定回路１６で計算し、その計算結果を表示モニタ１９に表示することができる。
In actual measurement, the insertion tube 12 is inserted into a hole opened for an endoscope of the human body, and the light emitting unit 13 and the light receiving unit 14 are brought into contact with and closely contacted with the measurement site while confirming the site with the endoscope. . Then, in a predetermined time (for example, after 5 seconds), information on the living tissue such as the oxygen saturation, the amount of hemoglobin, or the blood flow at the measurement site is calculated by the measurement circuit 16 and the calculation result is displayed on the display monitor 19. can do.
なお、内視鏡用に明けた生体の穴の内部は暗いので、受光部１４が測定部位に正確に当てられるように、必要に応じて発光部１３から別の光束を照射し、内視鏡を通じて確認することも可能である。この場合の発光部１３から照射される別の光束の波長は、可視光領域とするのが好ましい。
In addition, since the inside of the hole of the living body opened for the endoscope is dark, another light beam is irradiated from the light emitting unit 13 as necessary so that the light receiving unit 14 can be accurately applied to the measurement site. It is also possible to confirm through this. In this case, the wavelength of the other light beam emitted from the light emitting unit 13 is preferably in the visible light region.
上述した基本構成において、本実施の形態に係る生体組織情報測定器１０は、操作者が握持して操作するための把手部１１と、把手部１１の一端から延びる長尺状の挿入管１２と、挿入管１２の先端寄りに配置して生体組織（例えば、人体患部）に向けて近赤外光を照射する発光部１３と、生体組織（例えば、人体患部）に接触可能となるように挿入管１２の先端寄りに配置した受光部１４と、を備える。
In the basic configuration described above, the biological tissue information measuring instrument 10 according to the present embodiment includes a handle portion 11 for an operator to hold and operate, and a long insertion tube 12 extending from one end of the handle portion 11. The light emitting unit 13 that is disposed near the distal end of the insertion tube 12 and irradiates near-infrared light toward a living tissue (for example, a human affected area) and the living tissue (for example, a human affected area) can be contacted. A light receiving portion 14 disposed near the distal end of the insertion tube 12.
これによって、内視鏡手術中にあっても偏狭な部位における所望の部位の酸素飽和度、ヘモグロビンの量、又は血流量などの生体組織情報を取得することができる。
また、内視鏡手術に限らず、低侵襲手術、開胸・開腹手術、消化器、泌尿器、腎臓、腸管、肝臓、および膵臓など生体組織に接触して行われるあらゆる手術や検査などの場面において、所望の部位の酸素飽和度、ヘモグロビンの量、又は血流量などの生体組織の情報を取得することができる。 Thereby, even during endoscopic surgery, it is possible to acquire biological tissue information such as the oxygen saturation of a desired site, the amount of hemoglobin, or the blood flow rate in a narrow site.
In addition to endoscopic surgery, in a variety of surgery and examinations performed in contact with living tissue such as minimally invasive surgery, thoracotomy / laparotomy, digestive organs, urinary organs, kidney, intestinal tract, liver, and pancreas It is possible to acquire biological tissue information such as oxygen saturation at a desired site, the amount of hemoglobin, or the blood flow.
また、内視鏡手術に限らず、低侵襲手術、開胸・開腹手術、消化器、泌尿器、腎臓、腸管、肝臓、および膵臓など生体組織に接触して行われるあらゆる手術や検査などの場面において、所望の部位の酸素飽和度、ヘモグロビンの量、又は血流量などの生体組織の情報を取得することができる。 Thereby, even during endoscopic surgery, it is possible to acquire biological tissue information such as the oxygen saturation of a desired site, the amount of hemoglobin, or the blood flow rate in a narrow site.
In addition to endoscopic surgery, in a variety of surgery and examinations performed in contact with living tissue such as minimally invasive surgery, thoracotomy / laparotomy, digestive organs, urinary organs, kidney, intestinal tract, liver, and pancreas It is possible to acquire biological tissue information such as oxygen saturation at a desired site, the amount of hemoglobin, or the blood flow.
次に、本実施の形態に係る生体組織情報測定器１０を用いた患部の測定例を説明する。手術中に内視鏡などで、生体にあけた穴に挿入管１２を挿通して、患部に直接発光部１３および受光部１４を接触させ密着させることかできる。挿入管１２は、細長い形状で、発光部１３および受光部１４を生体の所望の手術部位、例えば、心臓の壁面筋肉、腸管の表面、肝臓の表面などに接触させ密着させることができる。
Next, an example of measuring an affected area using the biological tissue information measuring device 10 according to the present embodiment will be described. During the operation, the insertion tube 12 can be inserted into a hole opened in the living body with an endoscope or the like, and the light emitting unit 13 and the light receiving unit 14 can be directly brought into contact with and contacted with the affected part. The insertion tube 12 has an elongated shape, and the light emitting unit 13 and the light receiving unit 14 can be brought into contact with and contacted with a desired surgical site of a living body, for example, the wall surface muscle of the heart, the surface of the intestinal tract, the surface of the liver, and the like.
これにより、所望の部位の血液や組織が壊死していないか、活性は正常であるか否か等の情報を的確に把握することができ、手術を安全に的確に行う判断に資する情報を得ることが可能となる。
As a result, information such as whether the blood or tissue at the desired site is not necrotic or whether the activity is normal can be accurately grasped, and information that contributes to the judgment of performing the surgery safely and accurately is obtained. It becomes possible.
しかも、挿入管１２は、偏狭な部位に使用できる小さい発光部１３及び受光部１４を用いていることから、一体化するのが好ましい。
Moreover, since the insertion tube 12 uses a small light-emitting portion 13 and light-receiving portion 14 that can be used in a narrow part, it is preferable to integrate them.
発光部１３と受光部１４とは同期しており、複数波長の信号を時分割して収集記録し、測定回路１６で各波長の吸光度合の比率Ｒ／ＩＲを求めて血液の酸素飽和度とヘモグロビンの量の相対値を計算し、記憶回路１８に記憶するとともに表示モニタ１９に表示する。なお、測定原理は近赤外線の生体内での吸光度合は組織に含まれるヘモグロビンの濃度に比例するという、ベアーランバートの法則で計算する。
The light emitting unit 13 and the light receiving unit 14 are synchronized, and collect and record signals of a plurality of wavelengths in a time-sharing manner, and the measurement circuit 16 obtains the ratio R / IR of the absorbance of each wavelength to determine the oxygen saturation level of blood. The relative value of the amount of hemoglobin is calculated and stored in the storage circuit 18 and displayed on the display monitor 19. The measurement principle is calculated according to Bear Lambert's law in which the near-infrared absorbance in vivo is proportional to the concentration of hemoglobin contained in the tissue.
このように、本実施の形態に係る生体組織情報測定器１０は、操作者が握持して操作するための把手部１１と、把手部１１の一端から延びる長尺状の挿入管１２と、挿入管１２の先端寄りに配置して人体患部に向けて近赤外光を照射する発光部１３と、人体患部に接触可能となるように挿入管１２の先端寄りに配置した受光部１４と、を備えることにより、手術中の必要に応じて内視鏡用に人体に設けた穴を利用して患部の現在の状況を容易に確認することができる。
As described above, the biological tissue information measuring device 10 according to the present embodiment includes the handle portion 11 for the operator to hold and operate, the elongated insertion tube 12 extending from one end of the handle portion 11, A light emitting unit 13 that is disposed near the distal end of the insertion tube 12 and irradiates near-infrared light toward the affected part of the human body; a light receiving unit 14 that is disposed near the distal end of the insertion tube 12 so as to be able to contact the affected part of the human body; With this, it is possible to easily confirm the current state of the affected area using a hole provided in the human body for an endoscope as necessary during the operation.
また、上述したように、本実施の形態に係る発光部１３は、受光部１４を用いて患部に向けて複数の異なる波長（例えば、７７０ｎｍ，８０５ｎｍ，８７０ｎｍの３波長）の近赤外光を選択的に照射する測定用の光源として用いる。また、本実施の形態に係る発光部１３は、受光部１４と患部との位置合わせをするために患部付近に可視光領域の光を照射する位置合わせ用の光源としても用いることができる。これにより、少ない光源（一つの発光部１３）で、測定用と位置合わせ用との複数の光源としての機能を具備させることができる。
Further, as described above, the light emitting unit 13 according to the present embodiment uses the light receiving unit 14 to emit near infrared light having a plurality of different wavelengths (for example, three wavelengths of 770 nm, 805 nm, and 870 nm) toward the affected part. Used as a measurement light source for selective irradiation. The light emitting unit 13 according to the present embodiment can also be used as an alignment light source for irradiating light in the visible light region near the affected part in order to align the light receiving unit 14 and the affected part. Thereby, it is possible to provide functions as a plurality of light sources for measurement and alignment with a small number of light sources (one light emitting unit 13).
本発明に係る生体組織情報測定装置１０は、内視鏡手術に限らず、生体組織に接触して行われるあらゆる手術や検査などの場面において用いることができる。生体組織情報測定装置１０は、上述した基本構成の他に、正確に生体組織情報を取得する観点から、生体組織情報測定装置１０には他の構成を適宜追加して備えることもできる。
The biological tissue information measuring apparatus 10 according to the present invention is not limited to endoscopic surgery, but can be used in scenes such as all operations and examinations performed in contact with biological tissue. In addition to the basic configuration described above, the biological tissue information measuring device 10 can also be provided with other configurations appropriately added to the biological tissue information measuring device 10 from the viewpoint of accurately acquiring biological tissue information.
その一例として、図１に示されるように、生体組織情報測定装置１０の先端部には、Ｘ線不透過マーカー３１を備えることができる。これにより、挿入管１２を生体内に差し込んだ際に、Ｘ線透視下で生体組織情報測定装置１０の先端位置を確認することができ、より正確な生体組織情報の取得が可能となる。Ｘ線不透過マーカー３１としては、Ｘ線透視下で位置確認可能となるマーカーであれば特に限定されず、例えば、Ｐｔ、Ａｕ、およびＩｒ等のＸ線不透過性の高い金属コイルから構成される。
なお、挿入管１２の素材がステンレス製であった場合において、ステンレスは、Ｘ線透視下でＸ線不透過の性質を有し、Ｘ線不透過マーカーとしての役割を果たすため、図１に示されるようなＸ線不透過マーカー３１を挿入管１２に別途設けなくともよい。 As an example, as shown in FIG. 1, aradiopaque marker 31 can be provided at the distal end portion of the biological tissue information measuring apparatus 10. Thereby, when the insertion tube 12 is inserted into the living body, the tip position of the living tissue information measuring apparatus 10 can be confirmed under X-ray fluoroscopy, and more accurate living tissue information can be acquired. The radiopaque marker 31 is not particularly limited as long as it is a marker whose position can be confirmed under fluoroscopy. For example, the radiopaque marker 31 includes a metal coil having high radiopacity such as Pt, Au, and Ir. The
When the material of theinsertion tube 12 is made of stainless steel, the stainless steel has an X-ray opaque property under X-ray fluoroscopy and serves as an X-ray opaque marker. Such an X-ray opaque marker 31 may not be separately provided on the insertion tube 12.
なお、挿入管１２の素材がステンレス製であった場合において、ステンレスは、Ｘ線透視下でＸ線不透過の性質を有し、Ｘ線不透過マーカーとしての役割を果たすため、図１に示されるようなＸ線不透過マーカー３１を挿入管１２に別途設けなくともよい。 As an example, as shown in FIG. 1, a
When the material of the
また、生体組織情報測定装置１０の発光部１３と受光部１４との間には、超音波マーカー３２を備えることができる。これにより、挿入管１２を生体内に差し込んだ際に、超音波診断装置を用いて生体の内部を観察することができ、より正確な生体組織情報の取得が可能となる。超音波マーカー３２としては、超音波診断装置で認識可能なマーカーであれば特に限定されず、例えば、セラミック、および金属材料等の超音波診断の認識性の高い材料から構成される。
Also, an ultrasonic marker 32 can be provided between the light emitting unit 13 and the light receiving unit 14 of the biological tissue information measuring apparatus 10. Thereby, when the insertion tube 12 is inserted into the living body, the inside of the living body can be observed using the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, and more accurate biological tissue information can be acquired. The ultrasonic marker 32 is not particularly limited as long as it is a marker that can be recognized by an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, and is made of, for example, a material having high recognizability for ultrasonic diagnosis such as ceramic and metal materials.
ところで、上述した患部の一例としての心臓の壁面筋肉、腸管の表面、肝臓の表面は、その患部の位置によっては、受光部１４と必ずしも垂直ではない。したがって、挿入管１２の先端を屈曲させる関節構造を採用することも可能である。
By the way, the wall muscles of the heart, the surface of the intestinal tract, and the surface of the liver as an example of the above-mentioned affected part are not necessarily perpendicular to the light receiving part 14 depending on the position of the affected part. Therefore, it is possible to employ a joint structure in which the distal end of the insertion tube 12 is bent.
図２は、本実施の形態に係る生体組織情報測定器１の先端部分の角度を変更可能とした例を示す。なお、上記実施の形態と同一の機能に関しては同一の符号を付してその詳細な説明は省略する。
FIG. 2 shows an example in which the angle of the distal end portion of the biological tissue information measuring instrument 1 according to the present embodiment can be changed. The same functions as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
本実施の形態に係る生体組織情報測定器２０は、操作者が握持して操作するための把手部２１と、把手部２１の一端から延びる長尺状の挿入管２２と、挿入管２２の先端寄りに配置して生体組織（例えば、人体患部）に向けて近赤外光を照射する発光部１３と、生体組織（例えば、人体患部）に接触可能となるように挿入管１２の先端寄りに配置した受光部１４と、を備える。
The biological tissue information measuring device 20 according to the present embodiment includes a handle portion 21 for an operator to hold and operate, a long insertion tube 22 extending from one end of the handle portion 21, and an insertion tube 22. A light emitting unit 13 that is disposed near the distal end and irradiates near-infrared light toward a living tissue (for example, a human body affected part), and a distal end of the insertion tube 12 so as to be able to contact the living tissue (for example, a human body affected part). And the light receiving unit 14 disposed in the.
把手部２１には、平行移動操作（又は回動操作）可能なレバー２３を備える。レバー２３の形態は、特に限定されないが、例えば、ダイヤル部を回転させることで平行移動操作（又は回動操作）が可能となるダイヤル式の形態の他に、凸部を押圧することで平行移動操作（又は回動操作）が可能となるトリガー式の形態などが挙げられる。
The handle portion 21 is provided with a lever 23 that can be translated (or rotated). The form of the lever 23 is not particularly limited. For example, in addition to the dial-type form in which a parallel movement operation (or rotation operation) is possible by rotating the dial part, the parallel movement is achieved by pressing the convex part. Examples include a trigger-type configuration that enables operation (or rotation operation).
レバー２３の基端側（把手部２１の内部側）には、例えばレバー２３の回動操作に連動して挿入管２２の内部を軸線方向に沿って進退動するリンクロッドの基端側を接続している。なお、リンクロッドは、挿入管２２の内部を軸線方向と平行に進退動してもよいし、揺動的に進退動してもよい。
Connected to the base end side of the lever 23 (inside the handle portion 21), for example, is the base end side of the link rod that moves back and forth along the axial direction in the insertion tube 22 in conjunction with the turning operation of the lever 23, for example. is doing. The link rod may move back and forth in the insertion tube 22 in parallel with the axial direction, or may swing back and forth.
一方、挿入管２２の先端寄りの先端部２２ａは、角度変更可能に分割されており、この先端部２２ａの内部に発光部１３及び受光部１４を設けている。先端部２２ａの内部にはリンクロッドの先端と接続したリンクカムを配置している。これにより、レバー２３の操作に連動してリンクロッドが進退動し、リンクカムの回動角度に応じて先端部２２ａの角度を変えることができる。なお、先端部２２ａの角度調整は、上述したリンク形式に限定されるものではない。
On the other hand, the distal end portion 22a near the distal end of the insertion tube 22 is divided so that the angle can be changed, and the light emitting portion 13 and the light receiving portion 14 are provided inside the distal end portion 22a. A link cam connected to the tip of the link rod is disposed inside the tip 22a. As a result, the link rod moves forward and backward in conjunction with the operation of the lever 23, and the angle of the tip 22a can be changed according to the rotation angle of the link cam. In addition, angle adjustment of the front-end | tip part 22a is not limited to the link format mentioned above.
ところで、本発明の生体組織情報測定器１０は、上記の実施の形態に限定されるものでなく、特許請求の範囲に記載した技術的範囲には、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々、設計変更した形態が含まれる。
By the way, the biological tissue information measuring instrument 10 of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the technical scope described in the claims is various within the scope not departing from the gist of the invention. Designed forms are included.
例えば、生体組織情報測定器１０（２０）は、一対の発光部１３及び受光部１４で生体組織情報を測定するものとして説明したが、二対以上を配置してもよい。この場合、例えば、一方の発光部及び受光部による生体組織情報の測定位置と、他方の発光部及び受光部による生体組織情報の測定位置を、発光部及び受光部の距離の異なる対を用いることによって患部に対する深度を変えることができる。
For example, although the biological tissue information measuring instrument 10 (20) has been described as measuring biological tissue information with the pair of light emitting unit 13 and light receiving unit 14, two or more pairs may be arranged. In this case, for example, the measurement position of the biological tissue information by one light emitting unit and the light receiving unit and the measurement position of the biological tissue information by the other light emitting unit and the light receiving unit are used as pairs having different distances between the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit. Can change the depth to the affected area.
また、生体組織情報測定器１０（２０）において、一対の発光部１３及び受光部１４を１つの最小単位として形成し、一対の発光・受光ユニットを生体組織情報測定器１０（２０）から着脱可能となるように、一対の発光・受光ユニットとして設計することができる。
In the biological tissue information measuring instrument 10 (20), the pair of light emitting units 13 and the light receiving unit 14 are formed as one minimum unit, and the pair of light emitting / receiving units can be detached from the biological tissue information measuring instrument 10 (20). Thus, it can be designed as a pair of light emitting / receiving units.
上述した挿入管１２（２２）は、生体の内部に挿入または生体の表面に接触させて用いる器具であるため、その衛生面は厳重に確保する必要がある。挿入管１２（２２）は、使用前には滅菌処理を行い易くする観点から、把手部１１（２１）との境界部を着脱可能な構成とすることができる。また、挿入管１２（２２）は、使用後には把手部１１（２１）から着脱して使い捨てとすることもできる。
Since the insertion tube 12 (22) described above is an instrument that is inserted into or contacted with the surface of a living body, it is necessary to strictly ensure its hygiene. From the viewpoint of facilitating sterilization before use, the insertion tube 12 (22) can be configured to be detachable from the boundary with the handle portion 11 (21). In addition, the insertion tube 12 (22) can be disposable by being detached from the handle portion 11 (21) after use.
更に、挿入管１２（２２）の別の構成として、生体の内部または生体の表面との接触頻度が高い挿入管１２（２２）の一部分、すなわち挿入管１２（２２）の先端部に近い部分（具体的には、発光部１３と受光部１４とを含む挿入管１２（２２）の一部分）のみを、着脱可能な構成とすることもできる。これによって、挿入管１２（２２）本体から着脱された挿入管１２（２２）の一部分について、使用前には滅菌処理を行い易くし、使用後には使い捨てとすることもできる。
Further, as another configuration of the insertion tube 12 (22), a part of the insertion tube 12 (22) having a high contact frequency with the inside of the living body or the surface of the living body, that is, a portion close to the distal end portion of the insertion tube 12 (22) ( Specifically, only a part of the insertion tube 12 (22) including the light emitting unit 13 and the light receiving unit 14) can be configured to be detachable. Accordingly, a part of the insertion tube 12 (22) detached from the main body of the insertion tube 12 (22) can be easily sterilized before use, and can be disposable after use.
以上説明したように、本発明に係る生体組織情報測定器は、内視鏡手術中にあっても偏狭な部位における所望の生体組織の情報を取得することができるという効果を有し、患部に直接当てて生体組織の情報を測定する生体組織情報測定器全般に有用である。
As described above, the biological tissue information measuring device according to the present invention has an effect that information on a desired biological tissue in a narrow part can be acquired even during endoscopic surgery, It is useful for all biological tissue information measuring instruments that directly measure biological tissue information.
また、本発明に係る生体組織情報測定器は、内視鏡手術に限らず、生体組織に接触して行われるあらゆる手術や検査などの場面において、所望の生体組織情報を取得することができるという効果を有し、生体組織に直接当てて生体組織情報を測定する生体組織情報測定器全般に有用である。
In addition, the biological tissue information measuring device according to the present invention is not limited to endoscopic surgery, and can acquire desired biological tissue information in scenes such as all operations and examinations performed in contact with the biological tissue. It has an effect and is useful for all biological tissue information measuring instruments that measure biological tissue information directly on the biological tissue.
１０ 生体組織情報測定器
１１ 把手部
１２ 挿入管
１３ 発光部（ＬＥＤ）
１４ 受光部（ＰＤ） DESCRIPTION OFSYMBOLS 10 Biological tissue information measuring device 11 Handle part 12 Insertion tube 13 Light emission part (LED)
14 Light receiver (PD)
１１ 把手部
１２ 挿入管
１３ 発光部（ＬＥＤ）
１４ 受光部（ＰＤ） DESCRIPTION OF
14 Light receiver (PD)
Claims (7)
- 操作者が握持して操作するための把手部と、
前記把手部の一端から延びる長尺状の挿入管と、
挿入管の先端寄りに配置して生体組織に向けて近赤外光を照射する発光部と、
生体組織に接触可能となるように挿入管の先端寄りに配置した受光部と
を備える、生体組織情報測定器。 A handle for the operator to grip and operate;
An elongated insertion tube extending from one end of the handle;
A light emitting unit that is arranged near the distal end of the insertion tube and irradiates near-infrared light toward the living tissue,
A biological tissue information measuring device comprising: a light receiving portion arranged near the distal end of the insertion tube so as to be able to contact the biological tissue. - 前記発光部は、
前記受光部を用いた測定用として複数の異なる波長の近赤外光を選択的に照射する光源として用いるほか、前記受光部と患部との位置合わせ用の可視光領域の光を照射する光源として用いる、
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の生体組織情報測定器。 The light emitting unit
In addition to being used as a light source for selectively irradiating a plurality of different wavelengths of near-infrared light for measurement using the light receiving unit, as a light source for irradiating light in the visible light region for alignment between the light receiving unit and the affected part Use
The biological tissue information measuring device according to claim 1. - 前記挿入管は、
前記把手部に設けた操作部からの操作に連動して前記受光部と前記発光部とが連動して変位するように屈曲可能である、
ことを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載の生体組織情報測定器。 The insertion tube is
The light receiving part and the light emitting part can be bent in conjunction with the operation from the operation part provided in the handle part, and can be bent.
The biological tissue information measuring device according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein - 前記生体組織情報測定器は、
前記受光部によって受光した反射光束に関する情報を測定回路に設けた受信部に無線送信する無線送信部とをさらに備える、
ことを特徴とする請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の生体組織情報測定器。 The biological tissue information measuring instrument is
A wireless transmission unit that wirelessly transmits information about the reflected light beam received by the light receiving unit to a reception unit provided in a measurement circuit;
The living tissue information measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein - 前記無線送信部は、前記生体組織情報測定器の把手部の内部に収容される、
ことを特徴とする請求項４に記載の生体組織情報測定器。 The wireless transmission unit is housed inside the handle portion of the biological tissue information measuring instrument,
The biological tissue information measuring device according to claim 4. - 前記生体組織情報は、
酸素飽和度、ヘモグロビンの量、又は血流量に関する情報である、
ことを特徴とする請求項１から請求項５のいずれか１項に記載の生体組織情報測定器。 The biological tissue information is
Information on oxygen saturation, hemoglobin amount, or blood flow,
The biological tissue information measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein - 操作者が把手部を握持して操作するための把手工程と、
前記把手部の一端から延びる長尺状の挿入管の先端寄りに配置して生体組織に向けて近赤外光を照射する発光工程と、生体組織に接触可能となるように挿入管の先端寄りに配置した受光工程と
を含む、生体組織情報測定方法。 A handle process for the operator to grip and operate the handle,
A light emitting process for irradiating near-infrared light toward the living tissue by placing it near the tip of the elongated insertion tube extending from one end of the handle portion, and near the tip of the inserting tube so as to be able to contact the living tissue A biological tissue information measuring method, comprising: a light receiving step disposed in the body.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06319726A (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1994-11-22 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Device for measuring oxygen metabolism of bio tissue |
| US9114226B1 (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2015-08-25 | Vioptix, Inc. | Devices and monitoring systems for locating a blood vessel |
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| JP2001095751A (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-10 | Toshiba Corp | Catheter and diagnostic apparatus |
| JP2003088527A (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2003-03-25 | Aloka Co Ltd | Ultrasonic diagnostic device |
| JP5623348B2 (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2014-11-12 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Endoscope system, processor device for endoscope system, and method for operating endoscope system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06319726A (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1994-11-22 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Device for measuring oxygen metabolism of bio tissue |
| US9114226B1 (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2015-08-25 | Vioptix, Inc. | Devices and monitoring systems for locating a blood vessel |
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