WO2017157113A1 - Dc-dc调节器及其软启动的控制方法、控制器 - Google Patents

Dc-dc调节器及其软启动的控制方法、控制器 Download PDF

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WO2017157113A1
WO2017157113A1 PCT/CN2017/073100 CN2017073100W WO2017157113A1 WO 2017157113 A1 WO2017157113 A1 WO 2017157113A1 CN 2017073100 W CN2017073100 W CN 2017073100W WO 2017157113 A1 WO2017157113 A1 WO 2017157113A1
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module
regulator
power supply
controller
voltage value
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PCT/CN2017/073100
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English (en)
French (fr)
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安建宏
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电信科学技术研究院
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of integrated circuit technology, and in particular, to a direct current (DC)-DC regulator and a soft start control method thereof and a controller.
  • DC direct current
  • the DC-DC regulator as a switching power supply, is widely used due to its outstanding efficiency over a wide input voltage range and wide load range.
  • the main components of a common DC-DC regulator are shown in Figure 1, including but not limited to Error Amplifier (EA) modules, Pulse-Width Modulator (PWM) modules, and power stages. Stage, PS) module.
  • EA Error Amplifier
  • PWM Pulse-Width Modulator
  • PS Power Stage
  • the DC-DC regulator drives the switching operation by converting the error signal into a duty cycle control signal. In the startup phase, the error amplifier is in an unbalanced state, so that the loop operates at 100% duty cycle, so there will be a large Inrush current is injected into the output capacitor, which will drain the switch and other devices.
  • the output voltage is much lower than the set value, so the feedback voltage FB is much lower than the reference voltage, so that the error amplifier is unbalanced.
  • the error amplifier output is high, that is, VC is high.
  • the loop is operating at 100% duty cycle.
  • the output capacitor COUT is in a fully discharged state, so a large inrush current is injected into COUT (labeled as inrush current in Figure 2).
  • the magnitude of the inrush current depends on the size of the capacitor, the output voltage, and the startup time.
  • the relationship between the voltage change on the capacitor and the current can be expressed as:
  • the soft-start circuit is used to control the duty cycle of the PWM pulse waveform from the minimum value to the normal operation value during the rise of the power supply input voltage, thereby controlling the stepwise change of the output voltage. . Since the duty cycle is gradually changed from the minimum value, the power tube is not turned on for a long time, thereby avoiding the generation of inrush current and ensuring the reliability of the circuit system.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a DC-DC regulator and a soft start control method and controller thereof, which are used to implement a fast soft start of a DC-DC regulator, thereby improving the response speed of the system.
  • the controller determines a current power supply state of the DC-DC regulator; wherein the power supply state is battery powered or non-battery powered;
  • the controller controls an operating state of a low dropout regulator (LDO) module in the DC-DC regulator and a DC-DC module in the DC-DC regulator according to the power supply state,
  • LDO low dropout regulator
  • the DC-DC regulator is caused to output a desired voltage value.
  • the controller determines the current power supply state of the DC-DC regulator, and then according to The power supply state controls the operating state of the LDO module and the DC-DC module. Since the LDO module has a faster response speed after power-on and the LDO module does not require a soft start when starting, the LDO module can be replaced with the soft start in the prior art.
  • the circuit enables the DC-DC regulator to quickly output the required voltage value. By this method, the soft start time of the DC-DC regulator is effectively shortened, the fast soft start of the DC-DC regulator is realized, and the response of the system is improved. Speed, which can meet the needs of ultra-low power SOC, wireless and other applications.
  • the controller determines a power supply state of the DC-DC regulator, which may include:
  • the controller determines, by an output enable (ENABLE) signal, whether the DC-DC regulator is connected to the commercial power source through the adapter;
  • the controller determines that the current power supply state of the DC-DC regulator is battery power when it is determined that the adapter does not turn on the mains power; or the controller determines that the adapter is connected to the mains At the time of power supply, it is determined that the current power supply state of the DC-DC regulator is non-battery power supply.
  • the controller controls the LDO module in the DC-DC regulator and the DC in the DC-DC regulator according to the current power supply state.
  • the working state of the DC module is controlled, so that the DC-DC regulator outputs a required voltage value, which may include:
  • the controller detects whether the DC-DC module completes startup
  • the controller when it is determined that the DC-DC module has completed startup, disables the LDO module that is providing the output voltage, and outputs the required voltage value by the DC-DC module.
  • the LDO module first outputs the voltage value that the DC-DC regulator needs to output, thereby implementing DC. - Quick soft start of the DC regulator.
  • the DC-DC module has higher operating efficiency than the LDO module, that is, the power consumption is relatively low. Therefore, in this method, after determining that the DC-DC module has completed startup, the LDO module that is providing the output voltage is prohibited from working. The DC-DC module outputs a required voltage value, thereby reducing power consumption of the system, facilitating energy saving of the battery, and enabling the battery to provide power for a longer period of time.
  • the controller detects whether the DC-DC module completes startup, and may include:
  • the controller detects whether a working voltage value of the DC-DC module reaches a preset threshold value
  • the controller determines that the DC-DC module has completed startup when it is determined that the operating voltage value of the DC-DC module is greater than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • the controller controls the LDO module in the DC-DC regulator and the DC in the DC-DC regulator according to the current power supply state.
  • the operating state of the DC module is controlled such that the DC-DC regulator outputs a required voltage value, which may include:
  • the controller disables the DC-DC module from operating, and the LDO module outputs a continuously required voltage value.
  • a first module configured to determine a current power supply state of the DC-DC regulator; wherein the power supply state is battery powered or non-battery powered;
  • a second module configured to control an operating state of the LDO module in the DC-DC regulator and the DC-DC module in the DC-DC regulator according to the power supply state, so that the DC-DC regulator needs to output Voltage value.
  • the first module can be used to:
  • the current power supply state of the DC-DC regulator is battery power when it is determined that the adapter is not connected to the mains power; or determining the DC when determining that the adapter is connected to the mains power supply
  • the current power state of the DC regulator is non-battery powered.
  • the second module when the current power state of the DC-DC regulator is battery powered, the second module can be used to:
  • the LDO module that is providing the output voltage is prohibited from operating, and the required voltage value is output by the DC-DC module.
  • the second module when the second module detects whether the DC-DC module completes startup, it may be used to:
  • the second module when the current power state of the DC-DC regulator is non-battery powered, the second module can be used to:
  • the DC-DC module is disabled from operation, and the required voltage value is continuously output by the LDO module.
  • a DC-DC regulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes the above controller.
  • the DC-DC regulator further includes:
  • the DC-DC regulator outputs a required voltage value in one of the following ways:
  • the voltage value that the DC-DC regulator needs to output is output by the LDO module before the DC-DC module is not completed, and after the DC-DC module completes startup Outputting, by the DC-DC module, a voltage value that the DC-DC regulator needs to output;
  • the voltage value that the DC-DC regulator needs to output is continuously output by the LDO module under the control of the controller.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of main components of a conventional DC-DC regulator in the background art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the working principle of a voltage mode BUCK type DC-DC regulator in the background art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional soft start circuit of a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of a soft start of a DC-DC regulator corresponding to a conventional soft start circuit of a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a system block diagram of a DC-DC regulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a method for controlling a soft start of a DC-DC regulator according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an operating state of a DC-DC regulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an operation state of another DC-DC regulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the soft-start circuit avoids the generation of inrush current, the reliability of the circuit system is ensured.
  • the second is to use a capacitor and a resistor to control the voltage rise process by the characteristic of the voltage exponential rise when the capacitor is charged.
  • the third is A microcontroller is used to control the pure digital control of the startup process. This soft-start circuit requires additional microcontroller control and requires operation before the power circuit portion is powered up.
  • Figure 4 corresponds to a waveform for implementing a soft start of a DC-DC regulator using the three soft start circuits shown in Figure 3, where Vsoftstart represents the output voltage during soft start.
  • the use of existing soft-start circuits can avoid the generation of inrush currents, but this implementation results in a too long startup time of the DC-DC regulator.
  • the power supply part such as PMU system
  • the DC-DC regulator soft start time is often not too long.
  • the existing DC-DC regulator soft start time is too long to meet the needs of ultra low power SOC, wireless and other application fields.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a DC-DC regulator and a soft start control method thereof, a controller, and a DC-DC regulator, which are used to implement a fast soft start of the DC-DC regulator, thereby improving the system. responding speed.
  • the LDO module is used to replace the existing soft start circuit. Since the LDO module does not need soft start when starting, the response speed is relatively fast, so that the output voltage value required by the low power consumption system can be quickly provided.
  • FIG. 5 A system block diagram of a DC-DC regulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the DC-DC regulator shown in FIG. 5 mainly comprises a DC-DC module, an LDO module and a controller module, wherein the controller module is respectively connected with the LDO module and the DC-DC module, and the VCHG indicates that the DC-DC regulator passes
  • the adapter is connected to the mains power supply, that is, the power supply status of the DC-DC regulator is non-battery power supply, Vbat indicates that the DC-DC regulator is powered by the battery, EN indicates the enable signal output by the controller, and V0 indicates the DC-DC regulator output. Voltage.
  • the DC-DC module may be designed using an existing DC-DC circuit, for example, the DC-DC module may include, but is not limited to, an error amplifier unit, a pulse width modulator unit, and the like, and the present invention
  • the embodiment does not limit the LDO module. Any existing LDO can be used to form the DC-DC regulator designed in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • peripheral circuits such as an inductor and a capacitor are also included, which are not discussed in detail in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a DC-DC regulator soft start control method, including:
  • the controller determines a current power supply state of the DC-DC regulator, where the power supply state is battery powered or non-battery powered.
  • the controller can be arranged in a DC-DC regulator, that is to say the controller belongs to one of the DC-DC regulators.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the type of the battery, and may be, for example, a lithium battery, a lead-acid battery, or the like. In a specific implementation, a lithium battery may be used.
  • the above non-battery power supply may be, for example, powered by the adapter being connected to the mains power supply.
  • the controller controls an operating state of the LDO module in the DC-DC regulator and the DC-DC module in the DC-DC regulator according to the power supply state, so that the DC-DC regulator needs to output Voltage value.
  • the controller determines a power supply state of the DC-DC regulator, which may include:
  • the controller determines whether the DC-DC regulator is connected to the mains power supply through the adapter by outputting an ENABLE signal;
  • the controller determines that the current power supply state of the DC-DC regulator is battery power when it is determined that the adapter does not turn on the mains power; or the controller determines that the adapter is connected to the mains At the time of power supply, it is determined that the current power supply state of the DC-DC regulator is non-battery power supply.
  • the controller When the system is powered on, the controller first outputs the ENABLE signal to determine whether the DC-DC regulator is connected to the mains supply via the adapter. If the adapter is not connected to the mains supply, it is determined that the DC-DC regulator is currently powered by the battery. (indicated by Vbat). At this time, the LDO module, the output power tube, and the DC-DC module are powered by Vbat. On the one hand, since the LDO module responds at any time, the startup speed is fast. Therefore, after a delay (delay), the LDO module is first enabled. And start working, the system enters the mode operated by the LDO module, and the LDO module outputs the voltage V0 required by the system.
  • delay delay
  • the DC-DC module is also enabled to start, but because its startup speed is slow, the controller detects whether the DC-DC module has completed startup. When the controller determines that the DC-DC module has completed startup, the controller is providing The LDO module of the output voltage V0 is disabled. At this time, the DC-DC regulator operates in the switching mode, and the output voltage V0 is supplied by the DC-DC module.
  • the response speed of the LDO module is compared to the DC-DC module under battery-powered conditions.
  • the degree is faster and can be started earlier. Therefore, the LDO module first outputs the voltage value that the DC-DC regulator needs to output, thereby achieving a fast soft start of the DC-DC regulator.
  • the DC-DC module has higher operating efficiency than the LDO module, that is, the power loss is relatively low. Therefore, in this solution, after determining that the DC-DC module has completed startup, the LDO module that is providing the output voltage is prohibited from working.
  • the DC-DC module outputs a required voltage value, thereby reducing power consumption of the system, facilitating energy saving of the battery, and enabling the battery to provide power for a longer period of time.
  • the controller can detect whether the DC-DC module completes startup by:
  • the controller detects whether the working voltage value of the DC-DC module reaches a preset threshold value
  • the controller determines that the DC-DC module has completed startup when it is determined that the operating voltage value of the DC-DC module is greater than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • the preset threshold value can be set according to the working voltage value after the DC-DC module actually completes the startup.
  • the working state of the DC-DC regulator is shown in Figure 8 when the power supply state of the DC-DC regulator is non-battery-powered.
  • the controller When the system is powered on, the controller first outputs the ENABLE signal to determine whether the DC-DC regulator is connected to the mains supply via the adapter. If the adapter is connected to the mains supply, the current state of the DC-DC regulator is determined to be Non-battery powered (represented by VCHG in this embodiment). At this time, since there is no need to consider the problem of battery energy saving and capacity, the controller disables the DC-DC module and enables the LDO module. After a delay (delay) by the LDO module, the device starts up and continues to output. The voltage value is V0. At this time, the output power tube is also powered by VCHG.
  • VCHG Non-battery powered
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a controller, the controller comprising:
  • a first module configured to determine a current power supply state of the DC-DC regulator; wherein the power supply state is battery powered or non-battery powered;
  • a second module configured to control an operating state of the LDO module in the DC-DC regulator and the DC-DC module in the DC-DC regulator according to the power supply state, so that the DC-DC regulator needs to output Voltage value.
  • the first module can be used to:
  • the current power supply state of the DC-DC regulator is battery power when it is determined that the adapter is not connected to the mains power; or determining the DC when determining that the adapter is connected to the mains power supply
  • the current power state of the DC regulator is non-battery powered.
  • the second module when the current power state of the DC-DC regulator is battery powered, the second module can be used to:
  • the LDO module that is providing the output voltage is prohibited from operating, and the required voltage value is output by the DC-DC module.
  • the second module when the second module detects whether the DC-DC module completes startup, it may be used to:
  • the second module when the current power state of the DC-DC regulator is non-battery powered, the second module can be used to:
  • the DC-DC module is disabled from operation, and the required voltage value is continuously output by the LDO module.
  • a DC-DC regulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, includes the above controller having a first module and a second module.
  • the DC-DC regulator further includes: a DC-DC module connected to the controller, and an LDO module connected to the controller;
  • the DC-DC regulator outputs a required voltage value in one of the following ways:
  • the LDO is operated before the DC-DC module is not completed.
  • the module outputs a voltage value that the DC-DC regulator needs to output, and outputs a voltage value that the DC-DC regulator needs to output after the DC-DC module completes startup; or
  • the voltage value that the DC-DC regulator needs to output is continuously output by the LDO module under the control of the controller.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in a block or blocks of a flow or a flow and/or a block diagram of a flowchart Step.

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Abstract

一种DC-DC调节器及其软启动的控制方法、控制器，用以实现DC-DC调节器的快速软启动，进而提高系统的响应速度。其中，DC-DC调节器软启动的控制方法包括：控制器确定DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态；其中，供电状态为电池供电或者非电池供电（S601）；控制器根据供电状态，对DC-DC调节器中的LDO模块以及DC-DC调节器中的DC-DC模块的工作状态进行控制，使DC-DC调节器输出需要的电压值（S602）。

Description

DC-DC调节器及其软启动的控制方法、控制器
本申请要求在2016年3月18日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610159258.5、发明名称为“DC-DC调节器及其软启动的控制方法、控制器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及集成电路技术领域，尤其涉及直流(Direct Current，DC)-DC调节器及其软启动的控制方法、控制器。
背景技术
随着便携式电子产品在通信、计算机及消费类电子等领域中的不断增长，对电源管理系统的集成电路(Integrated Circuit，IC)的需求也呈上升趋势。而DC-DC调节器作为一种开关电源，由于在宽输入电压范围和宽负载范围条件下具有杰出的效率表现，而被广泛应用。常见的DC-DC调节器的主要组成模块如图1所示，其中包括但不限于误差放大器(Error Amplifier，EA)模块、脉宽调制器(Pulse-Width Modulator，PWM)模块、功率级(Power Stage，PS)模块。DC-DC调节器通过将误差信号转换成占空比控制信号去驱动开关工作，而在启动阶段，误差放大器处于非平衡状态，使得环路处于100％占空比工作，因此会有很大的浪涌电流灌入输出电容，这个电流将损耗开关管和其他器件。
结合图2所示的电压模BUCK型DC-DC调节器的工作环路，在启动初始阶段，输出电压远低于设定值，所以反馈电压FB远低于基准电压，使得误差放大器处于非平衡状态，误差放大器输出为高电平，即VC为高电平，由图2可知，此时环路处于100％占空比工作。而此时输出电容COUT处于完全放电状态，因此会有很大的浪涌电流灌入COUT(图2中标注为inrush电流)。浪涌电流的大小取决于电容的大小值、输出电压、以及启动时间。电容上电压的变化与电流的关系可表示为：
Figure PCTCN2017073100-appb-000001
其中，C表示电容值，VC表示电容上的电压值，IC表示流经电容的电流值。由式(1)可知，电容上的电流与电容值大小成正比，并且与电容上电压的变化率也成正比。对于输出电容COUT，假设输出电压VOUT成线性增加，启动时间为Ts，则COUT上的浪涌电流Inrush可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2017073100-appb-000002
假设COUT＝100uf，Vout＝2V，Ts＝20us代入式(2)，得到的浪涌电流为10A。对于应用系统来说，浪涌电流远远超过其最大的额定电流。
为此，软启动电路应运而生，软启动电路是用来控制电源输入电压上升过程中PWM脉冲波形的占空比从最小值逐渐变化到正常工作时所需要的值，从而控制输出电压逐步变化。由于占空比是从最小值开始逐渐变化，不会使功率管在较长时间一直导通，从而避免了浪涌电流的产生，保证了电路系统的可靠性。
现有技术的不足在于：现有的DC-DC调节器软启动的时间过长，无法满足超低功耗SOC、无线等应用领域的需求。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种DC-DC调节器及其软启动的控制方法、控制器，用以实现DC-DC调节器的快速软启动，进而提高系统的响应速度。
本发明实施例提供的一种DC-DC调节器软启动的控制方法，包括：
控制器确定DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态；其中，所述供电状态为电池供电或者非电池供电；
所述控制器根据所述供电状态，对DC-DC调节器中的低压差线性稳压器(Low Dropout Regulator，LDO)模块以及DC-DC调节器中的DC-DC模块的工作状态进行控制，使所述DC-DC调节器输出需要的电压值。
在该方法中，通过控制器判断DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态，进而根据 该供电状态对LDO模块以及DC-DC模块的工作状态进行控制，由于LDO模块在通电后响应速度比较快，并且LDO模块启动时无需软启动，因而可以使得LDO模块代替现有技术中的软启动电路，使DC-DC调节器能够快速输出需要的电压值，通过该方法，有效缩短了DC-DC调节器软启动的时间，实现了DC-DC调节器的快速软启动，提高了系统的响应速度，从而可以满足超低功耗SOC、无线等应用领域的需求。
实施中，所述控制器确定DC-DC调节器的供电状态，可以包括：
所述控制器通过输出使能(ENABLE)信号判断DC-DC调节器是否通过适配器接通市电电源；
所述控制器当判断出所述适配器没有接通市电电源时，确定所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为电池供电；或者，所述控制器当判断出所述适配器接通市电电源时，确定所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为非电池供电。
实施中，当所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为电池供电时，所述控制器根据当前的供电状态，对DC-DC调节器中的LDO模块以及DC-DC调节器中的DC-DC模块的工作状态进行控制，使所述DC-DC调节器输出需要的电压值，可以包括：
所述控制器检测所述DC-DC模块是否完成启动；
所述控制器当确定所述DC-DC模块已完成启动时，令正在提供输出电压的LDO模块禁止工作，由所述DC-DC模块输出需要的电压值。
从而，在电池供电的条件下，与DC-DC模块相比，LDO模块的响应速度更快，能够较先启动，因此由LDO模块先输出DC-DC调节器需要输出的电压值，进而实现DC-DC调节器的快速软启动。此外，DC-DC模块与LDO模块相比，工作效率比较高，即功耗比较低，因此，该方法中，在确定DC-DC模块已完成启动后，令正在提供输出电压的LDO模块禁止工作，由所述DC-DC模块输出需要的电压值，从而可以降低系统的功耗，有利于电池的节能，使得电池能够提供较长时间的供电。
实施中，所述控制器检测所述DC-DC模块是否完成启动，可以包括：
所述控制器检测所述DC-DC模块的工作电压值是否达到预设的门限值；
所述控制器当确定所述DC-DC模块的工作电压值大于或等于预设的门限值时，所述控制器确定所述DC-DC模块已完成启动。
实施中，当所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为非电池供电时，所述控制器根据当前的供电状态，对DC-DC调节器中的LDO模块以及DC-DC调节器中的DC-DC模块的工作状态进行控制，使所述DC-DC调节器输出需要的电压值，可以包括：
所述控制器令所述DC-DC模块禁止工作，由所述LDO模块输出持续需要的电压值。
从而，通过LDO模块可以实现DC-DC调节器的快速软启动。并且，由于当前的供电状态为非电池供电，因此，无需考虑电池的节能问题，采用该方法在实现上更加简单、高效。
本发明实施例提供的一种控制器，包括：
第一模块，用于确定DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态；其中，所述供电状态为电池供电或者非电池供电；
第二模块，用于根据所述供电状态，对DC-DC调节器中的LDO模块以及DC-DC调节器中的DC-DC模块的工作状态进行控制，使所述DC-DC调节器输出需要的电压值。
实施中，所述第一模块可以用于：
通过输出使能ENABLE信号判断所述DC-DC调节器是否通过适配器接通市电电源；
当判断出所述适配器没有接通市电电源时，确定所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为电池供电；或者，当判断出所述适配器接通市电电源时，确定所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为非电池供电。
实施中，当所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为电池供电时，所述第二模块可以用于：
检测所述DC-DC模块是否完成启动；
当确定所述DC-DC模块已完成启动时，令正在提供输出电压的LDO模块禁止工作，由所述DC-DC模块输出需要的电压值。
实施中，所述第二模块检测所述DC-DC模块是否完成启动时，可以用于：
检测所述DC-DC模块的工作电压值是否达到预设的门限值；
当确定所述DC-DC模块的工作电压值大于或等于预设的门限值时，确定所述DC-DC模块已完成启动。
实施中，当所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为非电池供电时，所述第二模块可以用于：
令所述DC-DC模块禁止工作，由所述LDO模块持续输出需要的电压值。
本发明实施例提供的一种DC-DC调节器，包括上述控制器。
实施中，所述DC-DC调节器还包括：
与所述控制器连接的DC-DC模块，以及与所述控制器连接的LDO模块；
所述DC-DC调节器通过以下方式之一输出需要的电压值：
在所述控制器的控制下，在所述DC-DC模块没有完成启动前由所述LDO模块输出所述DC-DC调节器需要输出的电压值，并且在所述DC-DC模块完成启动后由所述DC-DC模块输出所述DC-DC调节器需要输出的电压值；或者，
在所述控制器的控制下，由所述LDO模块持续输出所述DC-DC调节器需要输出的电压值。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为背景技术中的常规DC-DC调节器的主要组成模块示意图；
图2为背景技术中的电压模BUCK型DC-DC调节器的工作原理示意图；
图3为本发明实施例中现有的开关电源软启动电路示意图；
图4为本发明实施例中对应于现有的开关电源软启动电路实现DC-DC调节器软启动的波形图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的一种DC-DC调节器的系统框图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的一种DC-DC调节器软启动的控制方法的流程示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的一种DC-DC调节器的工作状态示意图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的另一种DC-DC调节器的工作状态示意图。
具体实施方式
发明人在发明过程中注意到：
虽然软启动电路避免了浪涌电流的产生，保证了电路系统的可靠性。但是在目前应用的开关电源软启动(soft start)电路中主要有以下三种，如图3所示。第一种是采用电容，利用电容充电时电压指数上升的特性来控制电压上升过程；第二种是采用电容和电阻，利用电容充电时电压指数上升的特性来控制电压上升过程；第三种是采用微控制器来控制启动过程的纯数字控制，这种软启动电路需要另外的微控制器控制且需要在电源电路部分上电前就已经开始工作。
图4对应于采用图3所示的三种软启动电路实现DC-DC调节器软启动的波形，其中Vsoftstart表示软启动过程中的输出电压。
然而，采用现有的软启动电路虽然可以避免浪涌电流的产生，但是这种实现方式导致DC-DC调节器的启动时间过长。而在超低功耗片上系统(System on a Chip，SOC)、无线应用中，电源部分(如PMU系统)的工作时间很短，因而常常要求DC-DC调节器软启动的时间不能太长。
综上所述，现有的DC-DC调节器软启动的时间过长，无法满足超低功耗SOC、无线等应用领域的需求。
基于此，本发明实施例提供了一种DC-DC调节器及其软启动的控制方法、控制器、DC-DC调节器，用以实现DC-DC调节器的快速软启动，进而提高系统的响应速度。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明实施例，采用LDO模块代替现有的软启动电路，由于LDO模块启动时无需软启动，响应速度比较快，因而可以很快提供低功耗系统需要的输出电压值。
本发明实施例提供的一种DC-DC调节器的系统框图如图5所示。
图5所示的DC-DC调节器，主要包括DC-DC模块、LDO模块和控制器模块，其中，控制器模块分别与LDO模块以及DC-DC模块相连接，VCHG表示DC-DC调节器通过适配器接通市电电源，即DC-DC调节器的供电状态为非电池供电，Vbat表示DC-DC调节器由电池供电，EN表示控制器输出的使能信号，V0表示DC-DC调节器输出的电压。
此外，需要说明的是，DC-DC模块可采用现有的DC-DC电路进行设计，例如，该DC-DC模块可以包括但不限于误差放大器单元、脉宽调制器单元等，并且，本发明实施例对LDO模块也不作限制，可采用现有的任一款LDO来组成本发明实施例设计的DC-DC调节器。当然，除上述DC-DC模块、LDO模块和控制器模块三个主要的模块外，还包括电感，电容等外围电路，本发明实施例不再详细论述。
基于图5所示的DC-DC调节器的系统框图，参见图6，本发明实施例提供了一种DC-DC调节器软启动的控制方法，包括：
S601、控制器确定DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态；其中，所述供电状态为电池供电或者非电池供电；
这里，控制器可以设置在DC-DC调节器中，也就是说控制器属于DC-DC调节器中的一个模块。此外，当DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为电池供电时， 本发明实施例对电池的类型不作限制，例如可以为锂电池、铅酸电池等等，具体实施中，可以采用锂电池。此外，上述非电池供电，例如可以是通过适配器接通市电电源的方式供电。
S602、所述控制器根据所述供电状态，对DC-DC调节器中的LDO模块以及DC-DC调节器中的DC-DC模块的工作状态进行控制，使所述DC-DC调节器输出需要的电压值。
实施中，所述控制器确定DC-DC调节器的供电状态，可以包括：
所述控制器通过输出ENABLE信号判断DC-DC调节器是否通过适配器接通市电电源；
所述控制器当判断出所述适配器没有接通市电电源时，确定所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为电池供电；或者，所述控制器当判断出所述适配器接通市电电源时，确定所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为非电池供电。
下面针对DC-DC调节器的两种供电状态(电池供电和非电池供电)，对DC-DC调节器的工作过程进行详细地阐述。
(1)电池供电
在电池供电条件下，DC-DC调节器的工作状态示意图如图7所示。
系统开机时，控制器首先输出ENABLE信号判断DC-DC调节器是否通过适配器(Charger)接通在市电电源上，如果适配器没有接通市电电源，则确定DC-DC调节器当前由电池供电(用Vbat表示)。此时，LDO模块、输出功率管和DC-DC模块均由Vbat供电，一方面，由于LDO模块随时响应，启动速度快，因此，经过一段时间的延迟(delay)之后，LDO模块首先使能启动并开始工作，系统进入由LDO模块运行的模式下，由LDO模块输出系统需要的电压V0。另一方面，DC-DC模块也使能启动，但由于其启动速度较慢，因此，控制器检测DC-DC模块是否完成启动，控制器当确定DC-DC模块已完成启动时，令正在提供输出电压V0的LDO模块禁止工作，此时DC-DC调节器工作在开关模式，由DC-DC模块提供输出电压V0。
从而，在电池供电的条件下，与DC-DC模块相比，LDO模块的响应速 度更快，能够较先启动，因此由LDO模块先输出DC-DC调节器需要输出的电压值，进而实现DC-DC调节器的快速软启动。此外，DC-DC模块与LDO模块相比，工作效率比较高，即功率损耗比较低，因此，该方案中，在确定DC-DC模块已完成启动后，令正在提供输出电压的LDO模块禁止工作，由所述DC-DC模块输出需要的电压值，从而可以降低系统的功耗，有利于电池的节能，使得电池能够提供较长时间的供电。
实施中，控制器可通过如下方式检测DC-DC模块是否完成启动：
控制器检测DC-DC模块的工作电压值是否达到预设的门限值；
控制器当确定所述DC-DC模块的工作电压值大于或等于预设的门限值时，控制器确定DC-DC模块已完成启动。
该预设的门限值可根据DC-DC模块实际完成启动后的工作电压值进行设定。
(2)非电池供电
DC-DC调节器的供电状态为非电池供电条件下，DC-DC调节器的工作状态示意图如图8所示。
系统开机时，控制器首先输出ENABLE信号判断DC-DC调节器是否通过适配器(Charger)接通在市电电源上，如果适配器接通市电电源，则确定DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为非电池供电(该实施例中用VCHG表示)。此时，由于无需考虑电池节能和容量大小的问题，因此控制器令DC-DC模块禁止工作，使能LDO模块，由LDO模块经过一段时间的延迟(delay)之后，启动工作，并持续输出需要的电压值V0。此时，输出功率管也由VCHG供电。
从而，通过LDO模块可以实现DC-DC调节器的快速软启动。并且，由于当前的供电状态为非电池供电，因此，无需考虑电池的节能和容量大小问题，采用该方案在实现上更加简单、高效。
本发明实施例还提供了一种控制器，该控制器包括：
第一模块，用于确定DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态；其中，所述供电状态为电池供电或者非电池供电；
第二模块，用于根据所述供电状态，对DC-DC调节器中的LDO模块以及DC-DC调节器中的DC-DC模块的工作状态进行控制，使所述DC-DC调节器输出需要的电压值。
实施中，所述第一模块可以用于：
通过输出ENABLE信号判断DC-DC调节器是否通过适配器接通市电电源；
当判断出所述适配器没有接通市电电源时，确定所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为电池供电；或者，当判断出所述适配器接通市电电源时，确定所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为非电池供电。
实施中，当所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为电池供电时，所述第二模块可以用于：
检测所述DC-DC模块是否完成启动；
当确定所述DC-DC模块已完成启动时，令正在提供输出电压的LDO模块禁止工作，由所述DC-DC模块输出需要的电压值。
实施中，所述第二模块检测所述DC-DC模块是否完成启动时，可以用于：
检测所述DC-DC模块的工作电压值是否达到预设的门限值；
当确定所述DC-DC模块的工作电压值大于或等于预设的门限值时，确定所述DC-DC模块已完成启动。
实施中，当所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为非电池供电时，所述第二模块可以用于：
令所述DC-DC模块禁止工作，由所述LDO模块持续输出需要的电压值。
本发明实施例提供的一种DC-DC调节器，参见图5所示，该调节器包括上述具有第一模块和第二模块的控制器。
并且，实施中，该DC-DC调节器还包括：与所述控制器连接的DC-DC模块，以及与所述控制器连接的LDO模块；
所述DC-DC调节器通过以下方式之一输出需要的电压值：
在所述控制器的控制下，在所述DC-DC模块没有完成启动前由所述LDO 模块输出所述DC-DC调节器需要输出的电压值，并且在所述DC-DC模块完成启动后由所述DC-DC模块输出所述DC-DC调节器需要输出的电压值；或者，
在所述控制器的控制下，由所述LDO模块持续输出所述DC-DC调节器需要输出的电压值。
其中，该DC-DC调节器具体的工作方式可参见对图7、图8的相关说明。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步 骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种直流DC-DC调节器软启动的控制方法，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    控制器确定DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态；其中，所述供电状态为电池供电或者非电池供电；
    所述控制器根据所述供电状态，对DC-DC调节器中的低压差线性稳压器LDO模块以及DC-DC调节器中的DC-DC模块的工作状态进行控制，使所述DC-DC调节器输出需要的电压值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制器确定DC-DC调节器的供电状态，具体包括：
    所述控制器通过输出使能ENABLE信号判断所述DC-DC调节器是否通过适配器接通市电电源；
    所述控制器当判断出所述适配器没有接通市电电源时，确定所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为电池供电；或者，所述控制器当判断出所述适配器接通市电电源时，确定所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为非电池供电。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为电池供电时，所述控制器根据当前的供电状态，对DC-DC调节器中的LDO模块以及DC-DC调节器中的DC-DC模块的工作状态进行控制，使所述DC-DC调节器输出需要的电压值，具体包括：
    所述控制器检测所述DC-DC模块是否完成启动；
    所述控制器当确定所述DC-DC模块已完成启动时，令正在提供输出电压的LDO模块禁止工作，由所述DC-DC模块输出需要的电压值。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制器检测所述DC-DC模块是否完成启动，具体包括：
    所述控制器检测所述DC-DC模块的工作电压值是否达到预设的门限值；
    所述控制器当确定所述DC-DC模块的工作电压值大于或等于预设的门限 值时，所述控制器确定所述DC-DC模块已完成启动。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为非电池供电时，所述控制器根据当前的供电状态，对DC-DC调节器中的LDO模块以及DC-DC调节器中的DC-DC模块的工作状态进行控制，使所述DC-DC调节器输出需要的电压值，具体包括：
    所述控制器令所述DC-DC模块禁止工作，由所述LDO模块持续输出需要的电压值。
  6. 一种控制器，其特征在于，该控制器包括：
    第一模块，用于确定DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态；其中，所述供电状态为电池供电或者非电池供电；
    第二模块，用于根据所述供电状态，对DC-DC调节器中的LDO模块以及DC-DC调节器中的DC-DC模块的工作状态进行控制，使所述DC-DC调节器输出需要的电压值。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的控制器，其特征在于，所述第一模块具体用于：
    通过输出使能ENABLE信号判断所述DC-DC调节器是否通过适配器接通市电电源；
    当判断出所述适配器没有接通市电电源时，确定所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为电池供电；或者，当判断出所述适配器接通市电电源时，确定所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为非电池供电。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的控制器，其特征在于，当所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为电池供电时，所述第二模块具体用于：
    检测所述DC-DC模块是否完成启动；
    当确定所述DC-DC模块已完成启动时，令正在提供输出电压的LDO模块禁止工作，由所述DC-DC模块输出需要的电压值。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的控制器，其特征在于，所述第二模块检测所述DC-DC模块是否完成启动时，具体用于：
    检测所述DC-DC模块的工作电压值是否达到预设的门限值；
    当确定所述DC-DC模块的工作电压值大于或等于预设的门限值时，确定所述DC-DC模块已完成启动。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的控制器，其特征在于，当所述DC-DC调节器当前的供电状态为非电池供电时，所述第二模块具体用于：
    令所述DC-DC模块禁止工作，由所述LDO模块持续输出需要的电压值。
  11. 一种DC-DC调节器，其特征在于，包括权利要求6～10任一权项所述的控制器。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的DC-DC调节器，其特征在于，该DC-DC调节器还包括：与所述控制器连接的DC-DC模块，以及与所述控制器连接的LDO模块；
    所述DC-DC调节器通过以下方式之一输出需要的电压值：
    在所述控制器的控制下，在所述DC-DC模块没有完成启动前由所述LDO模块输出所述DC-DC调节器需要输出的电压值，并且在所述DC-DC模块完成启动后由所述DC-DC模块输出所述DC-DC调节器需要输出的电压值；或者，
    在所述控制器的控制下，由所述LDO模块持续输出所述DC-DC调节器需要输出的电压值。
PCT/CN2017/073100 2016-03-18 2017-02-08 Dc-dc调节器及其软启动的控制方法、控制器 WO2017157113A1 (zh)

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