WO2017156974A1 - 一种信息传输方法、装置和系统 - Google Patents

一种信息传输方法、装置和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017156974A1
WO2017156974A1 PCT/CN2016/095729 CN2016095729W WO2017156974A1 WO 2017156974 A1 WO2017156974 A1 WO 2017156974A1 CN 2016095729 W CN2016095729 W CN 2016095729W WO 2017156974 A1 WO2017156974 A1 WO 2017156974A1
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bier
information
forwarding
network
flow table
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PCT/CN2016/095729
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王翠
张征
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to US16/084,694 priority Critical patent/US10659344B2/en
Priority to EP16894135.9A priority patent/EP3432514B1/en
Publication of WO2017156974A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017156974A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0895—Configuration of virtualised networks or elements, e.g. virtualised network function or OpenFlow elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/16—Multipoint routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
    • H04L41/0823—Configuration setting characterised by the purposes of a change of settings, e.g. optimising configuration for enhancing reliability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
    • H04L41/0806—Configuration setting for initial configuration or provisioning, e.g. plug-and-play
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/34—Signalling channels for network management communication
    • H04L41/342—Signalling channels for network management communication between virtual entities, e.g. orchestrators, SDN or NFV entities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/50—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
    • H04L45/745—Address table lookup; Address filtering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/185—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast with management of multicast group membership
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/40—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using virtualisation of network functions or resources, e.g. SDN or NFV entities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/02—Capturing of monitoring data
    • H04L43/026—Capturing of monitoring data using flow identification
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/20—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks the monitoring system or the monitored elements being virtualised, abstracted or software-defined entities, e.g. SDN or NFV

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to, but are not limited to, the field of Software Defined Network (SDN), and particularly to an information transmission method, apparatus, and system.
  • SDN Software Defined Network
  • SDN was originally a new network innovation architecture proposed by the Stanford University clean slate research group.
  • the core technology of the SDN OpenFlow protocol separates the control plane of the network device (including the OpenFlow controller) from the data plane (including the OpenFlow switch, that is, the OpenFlow forwarding device), thereby implementing flexible control of network traffic as the core network.
  • application innovation provides a good platform.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application of an OpenFlow protocol and an OpenFlow configuration protocol in the related art.
  • the OpenFlow protocol is used to describe the standard of information used for interaction between OpenFlow controllers and OpenFlow forwarding devices, as well as interface standards for controllers and forwarding devices.
  • the OpenFlow protocol also supports a Group Table, as shown in Table 1, which is the content of a group table in the related art.
  • the Group Identifier in Table 1 above identifies the group table.
  • the group table is used for forwarding multicast traffic and broadcast traffic, and the Action Buckets is a list of multiple action sets.
  • the forwarding process of the multicast packet in the OpenFlow protocol is: when the forwarding device (for example, the OpenFlow forwarding device) receives the multicast packet, the traffic entry in the flow table is first matched according to the source address and the group address in the multicast packet. Flow Entry) After the matching is successful, the action set in the Flow Entry executes the "Group group-id" command, so that the multicast packet is further processed into the group table and enters the group table. And copying a multicast packet to each action bucket.
  • the multicast packet is forwarded from multiple outbound interfaces of the action bucket. This completes the forwarding of multicast packets.
  • the foregoing forwarding method of the multicast packet based on the OpenFlow group table is based on the flow forwarding, that is, a source IP address (Source Internet Protocol, S-IP for each stream) needs to be created for each stream on each forwarding device.
  • the destination group IP address (Group IP, abbreviated as: G-IP), that is, the (S, G) flow table and the group table.
  • the related OpenFlow technology performs the forwarding mode of the multicast packet, and the corresponding flow table and the group table are set up for each flow on each forwarding device, which results in a large occupied space and low forwarding efficiency.
  • the problem is that the related OpenFlow technology performs the forwarding mode of the multicast packet, and the corresponding flow table and the group table are set up for each flow on each forwarding device, which results in a large occupied space and low forwarding efficiency.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method, a device and a system for transmitting information, in order to solve the problem that the related OpenFlow technology performs the forwarding of the multicast packet, and the corresponding flow table and the group table are established for each flow on each forwarding device. Therefore, the problem that the entry takes up a lot of space and the forwarding efficiency is low.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an information transmission method, including: a control platform generates a forwarding information of a Bit Index Display Replication (BIER) network; and the control platform forwards the information according to the forwarding information of the BIER network through an OpenFlow protocol.
  • the device sends a BIER flow table.
  • BIER Bit Index Display Replication
  • the BIER flow table includes: multicast stream information and BIER information, or BIER forwarding information, or multicast stream information, BIER information, and BIER forwarding information.
  • the multicast stream information includes: multicast source information, multicast group information, and information used to identify the characteristics of the multicast stream.
  • One or more of the BIER information includes a bit string (BitString) formed by a set of BIER exit forwarding devices; the BIER forwarding information includes bit string information.
  • the BIER forwarding information further includes: one or more of BIER sub-domain information, bit length information and set identification information, or BIER Multi-Protocol Label Switching (BIER-MPLS) label information; and the BIER forwarding information Also included are one or more of entropy value information, time to live (TTL) information, service type (TOS) information, and bit forwarding ingress router identification (BFIR-ID).
  • BIER-MPLS BIER Multi-Protocol Label Switching
  • the action set of the BIER flow table includes: pressing a BIER header, popping a BIER header, pushing a BIER-MPLS header, exchanging a BIER-MPLS header, and popping up a BIER-MPLS
  • the header and the set of one or more of the bit string information; the action set of the BIER flow table further includes: setting one or more of entropy value information, setting TOS information, and reducing TTL information.
  • the forwarding information of the BIER network generated by the control platform includes: multicast stream information and BIER egress node set information, or BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the network, Or multicast stream information, BIER egress node set information, and BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the network.
  • the method before the controlling platform generates the forwarding information of the BIER network, the method further includes:
  • the control platform acquires BIER network information, where the BIER network information includes one or more of forwarding device information, network topology information, and multicast overlay information of the BIER network;
  • the control platform acquires BIER network information, including:
  • the control platform acquires the BIER network information from an application platform APP; or
  • the control platform acquires the BIER network information by using an interface between the control platform and the forwarding device; or
  • the control platform acquires the BIER network information through an interface between the control platform and other management or controller platforms.
  • the method further includes:
  • the control platform listens to the first control message, where the first control message is sent by the first forwarding device when the multicast receiving device served by the first forwarding device requests to join the BIER network;
  • the control platform updates forwarding information of the BIER network according to the first control message
  • the control platform sends the updated BIER flow table to the ingress forwarding device according to the forwarding information of the updated BIER network through the OpenFlow protocol.
  • the method further includes:
  • the control platform listens to the second control message, where the second control message is sent by the second forwarding device when the multicast source device served by the second forwarding device requests to join the BIER network;
  • the control platform increases forwarding information of the BIER network according to the second control message
  • the control platform sends the added BIER flow table to the second forwarding device according to the added forwarding information of the BIER network through the OpenFlow protocol.
  • control platform is: an SDN controller; or, the control The platform is embedded as an independent functional entity in the SDN controller; alternatively, the OpenFlow controller is embedded as a plug-in in the control platform.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an information transmission method, including: a forwarding device receives, by using an OpenFlow OpenFlow protocol, a BIER flow table sent by a control platform according to forwarding information of a BIER network; and the forwarding device is configured according to the BIER flow table. Received multicast packets are forwarded.
  • the BIER flow table includes: multicast stream information and BIER information, or BIER forwarding information, or multicast stream information, BIER information, and BIER forwarding information.
  • the multicast stream information includes: multicast source information, multicast group information, and information used to identify the characteristics of the multicast stream.
  • One or more of the BIER information includes a bit string (BitString) formed by a set of BIER exit forwarding devices; the BIER forwarding information includes bit string information.
  • the BIER forwarding information further includes: one of sub-domain information, bit length information, and set identification information of the BIER Or multiple, or BIER Multi-Protocol Label Switching (BIER-MPLS) label information;
  • the BIER forwarding information further includes one or more of entropy value information, time-to-live (TTL) information, service type (TOS) information, and a bit forwarding ingress router identifier (BFIR-ID).
  • TTL time-to-live
  • TOS service type
  • BFIR-ID bit forwarding ingress router identifier
  • the action set of the BIER flow table includes: pushing a BIER header, popping a BIER header, pushing a BIER-MPLS header, exchanging a BIER-MPLS header, and popping up a BIER-MPLS
  • the header and the set of one or more of the bit string information; the action set of the BIER flow table further includes: setting one or more of entropy value information, setting TOS information, and reducing TTL information.
  • the forwarding information of the BIER network includes: multicast stream information and BIER egress node set information, or BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the network, or a multicast stream. Information, BIER exit node set information, and BIER forwarding information for each forwarding device in the network.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first forwarding device When the multicast receiving device served by the first forwarding device requests to join the BIER network, the first forwarding device sends a first control message to the control platform, where the first control message is used to indicate that the control platform is updated. Forwarding information of the BIER network;
  • the ingress forwarding device receives, by using the OpenFlow protocol, an updated BIER flow table sent by the control platform to the ingress forwarding device according to the updated forwarding information of the BIER network;
  • the ingress forwarding device forwards the received multicast packet according to the updated BIER flow table.
  • the method further includes:
  • the second forwarding device When the multicast source device served by the second forwarding device requests to join the BIER network, the second forwarding device sends a second control message to the control platform, where the second control message is used to indicate that the control platform is added. Forwarding information of the BIER network;
  • the second forwarding device receives, by using the OpenFlow protocol, a new BIER flow table sent by the control platform to the second forwarding device according to the added forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the forwarding device includes: a physical router, a physical switch, a virtual router, or a virtual switch.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an information transmission apparatus, which is disposed in a control platform, where the information transmission apparatus includes: a generation module and a sending module;
  • the generating module is configured to generate forwarding information of a Bit Index Display Replication (BIER) network;
  • BIER Bit Index Display Replication
  • the sending module is configured to send a BIER flow table to the forwarding device according to the forwarding information of the BIER network generated by the generating module through the OpenFlow protocol.
  • the BIER flow table includes: multicast flow information and BIER information, or BIER forwarding information, or multicast flow information, BIER information, and BIER forwarding information.
  • the multicast stream information includes: multicast source information, multicast group information, and information used to identify the characteristics of the multicast stream.
  • One or more of the BIER information includes a bit string (BitString) formed by a set of BIER exit forwarding devices; the BIER forwarding information includes bit string information.
  • the BIER forwarding information further includes: one of sub-domain information, bit length information, and set identification information of the BIER Or multiple, or BIER multi-protocol label switching (BIER-MPLS) label information; the BIER forwarding information further includes: entropy value information, time to live (TTL) information, service type (TOS) information, and bit forwarding ingress router identifier One or more of (BFIR-ID).
  • BIER-MPLS BIER multi-protocol label switching
  • the action set of the BIER flow table includes: pushing a BIER header, popping a BIER header, pushing a BIER-MPLS header, exchanging a BIER-MPLS header, and popping up a BIER-MPLS
  • the header and the set of one or more of the bit string information; the action set of the BIER flow table further includes: setting one or more of entropy value information, setting TOS information, and reducing TTL information.
  • the forwarding information of the BIER network generated by the generating module includes: multicast stream information and BIER egress node set information, or BIER forwarding information of the forwarding device, or multicast stream information, BIER egress node set information, and BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the network.
  • the information transmission apparatus further includes: an acquiring module, configured to acquire BIER network information, before the generating module generates the forwarding information of the BIER network, where
  • the BIER network information includes: one or more of forwarding device information, network topology information, and multicast overlay information of the BIER network;
  • the obtaining module is configured to obtain BIER network information by:
  • the BIER network information is configured to be accessible through an interface between the control platform and other management or controller platforms.
  • the information transmission apparatus further includes: a listening module and an update module;
  • the listening module is configured to be able to listen to the first control message, where the first control message is when the multicast receiving device served by the first forwarding device requests to join the BIER network, the first forwarding device Sent
  • the update module is configured to be able to update the forwarding information of the BIER network according to the first control message that is detected by the interception module;
  • the sending module is further configured to send the updated BIER flow table to the ingress forwarding device according to the forwarding information of the BIER network after the update module is updated by using the OpenFlow protocol.
  • the apparatus further includes: a listening module and an update module;
  • the listening module is configured to be able to listen to the second control message, where the second control message is when the multicast source device served by the second forwarding device requests to join the BIER network, the second forwarding device Sent
  • the update module is configured to increase forwarding information of the BIER network according to the second control message that is detected by the interception module;
  • the sending module is further configured to send the added BIER flow table to the second forwarding device according to the forwarding information of the BIER network added by the update module.
  • control platform is: an SDN controller; or, the control The platform is embedded as an independent functional entity in the SDN controller; alternatively, the OpenFlow controller is embedded as a plug-in in the control platform.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an information transmission apparatus, which is disposed on a forwarding device, where the information transmission apparatus includes: a receiving module and a sending module;
  • the receiving module is configured to receive, by using an OpenFlow protocol, a BIER flow table sent by the control platform according to forwarding information of the BIER network;
  • the sending module is configured to forward the received multicast packet according to the BIER flow table received by the receiving module.
  • the BIER flow table includes: multicast flow information and BIER information, or BIER forwarding information, or multicast flow information, BIER information, and BIER forwarding information.
  • the multicast stream information includes: multicast source information, multicast group information, and information used to identify the characteristics of the multicast stream.
  • One or more of the BIER information includes a bit string (BitString) formed by a set of BIER exit forwarding devices; the BIER forwarding information includes bit string information.
  • the BIER forwarding information further includes: one of BIER sub-domain information, bit length information, and set identification information. Or multiple, or BIER multi-protocol label switching (BIER-MPLS) label information; the BIER forwarding information further includes: entropy value information, time to live (TTL) information, service type (TOS) information, and bit forwarding ingress router identifier One or more of (BFIR-ID).
  • BIER-MPLS BIER multi-protocol label switching
  • the action set of the BIER flow table includes: Pressing one or more of the BIER header, popping the BIER header, pushing the BIER-MPLS header, exchanging the BIER-MPLS header, popping the BIER-MPLS header, and setting the bit string information; the action set of the BIER flow table is also Including: setting one or more of entropy information, setting TOS information, and reducing TTL information.
  • the forwarding information of the BIER network includes: multicast stream information and BIER egress node set information, or BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the network, or a multicast stream. Information, BIER exit node set information, and BIER forwarding information for each forwarding device in the network.
  • the information transmission device is configured in the first forwarding device, where The sending module is further configured to: when the multicast receiving device served by the first forwarding device requests to join the BIER network, send a first control message to the control platform, where the first control message And means for instructing the control platform to update forwarding information of the BIER network;
  • the receiving module is further configured to receive, by using an OpenFlow protocol, an updated BIER flow table sent by the control platform to the ingress forwarding device according to the updated forwarding information of the BIER network;
  • the sending module is further configured to forward the received multicast message according to the updated BIER flow table received by the receiving module.
  • the information transmission device is configured in the second forwarding device, where The sending module is further configured to: when the multicast source device served by the second forwarding device requests to join the BIER network, send a second control message to the control platform, where the second control message is Used to instruct the control platform to increase forwarding information of the BIER network;
  • the receiving module is further configured to receive, by using an OpenFlow protocol, a new BIER flow table sent by the control platform to the second forwarding device according to the added forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the forwarding device includes: a physical router, a physical switch, a virtual router, or Virtual switch.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a data transmission system, including: a control platform and multiple And the information transmission device according to any one of the above-mentioned third aspects, wherein each of the forwarding devices is provided with the information transmission according to any one of the above fourth aspects. Device.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, wherein the computer executable instructions are executed to implement the information transmission method according to any one of the above first aspects.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, which are implemented to implement the information transmission method according to any one of the above second aspects.
  • the control platform generates a BIER network forwarding information according to the generated forwarding information of the BIER network, and sends a BIER flow table to the forwarding device according to the OpenFlow protocol, thereby instructing the forwarding device to The BIER flow table multicasts the received multicast packets.
  • the multicast stream is added when the network topology is unchanged, and only the ingress forwarding is changed.
  • the BIER flow table in the device can be used.
  • the embodiment of the present invention solves the problem that the related OpenFlow technology forwards the multicast packet, and the corresponding flow table and the group table are established for each flow on each forwarding device, thereby causing The entry takes up a lot of space and has low forwarding efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application of an OpenFlow protocol and an OpenFlow configuration protocol in the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of performing packet forwarding by using an OpenFlow pipeline in the related art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network element structure in a related BIER technology
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in a data transmission manner provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario in the data transmission manner provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of still another application scenario in the data transmission manner provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of another information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in a data transmission manner provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of still another method for transmitting information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in a data transmission manner provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of still another method for transmitting information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of still another method for transmitting information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart of still another method for transmitting information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an information transmission method according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an information transmission method according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an information transmission method according to Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an information transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of another information transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of still another information transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the packet forwarding mode based on the OpenFlow flow table in the SDN is introduced.
  • the core part of the OpenFlow protocol is used for the collection of the OpenFlow protocol information structure, and the OpenFlow flow table or the edited
  • a plurality of flow tables are cascaded into a pipeline, including an ingress multi-level flow table and an egress multi-level flow table, configured to configure a forwarding path of the OpenFlow forwarding device, as shown in FIG. 2, and adopt OpenFlow for one of related technologies.
  • the flow entry of the flow table usually includes field information such as a matching field, a priority, a counter, and an instruction set.
  • the Match Fields are input keywords of the packet matching, and are used by the OpenFlow forwarding device to match a flow.
  • the table, the counter is used for various statistical information for management.
  • the instruction set (Instructions) refers to the operation instructions of the message, including the Action Set: discarding and forwarding the message to the designated port, and setting the message header.
  • the field value, the encapsulation label, the jump packet to the next flow table, the execution group table process, etc., the action set is associated with each message, and the message is transmitted between the flow tables of the flow table and each is The instructions of the flow table are modified until all the actions in the action set are executed until the pipeline ends or the instruction of the flow table that is matched hits requires execution of the action set.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network element architecture in the related BIER technology.
  • the core idea of the BIER technology is: the nodes in the network are represented by only one BIT bit.
  • the multicast packets are transmitted in the network, not in the form of multicast IP packets, but encapsulated in a specific BIER header.
  • the BIER header directly or indirectly includes BIER basic information and bit string (BitString) information.
  • the BIER basic information may directly include sub-domain information, bit string length (BitStringLength) information, and set identifier (Set Identifier)
  • the three element information of the information for example, the BIER basic information can also uniquely identify the above three element information by means of a label; wherein the BIER basic information is used to locate the Bit Index Forwarding Table (Bit Index Forwarding Table) , referred to as: BIFT), the BitString information labels all the destination nodes of the multicast message, and the intermediate node searches for BIFT according to the information in the BIER header to perform routing, and guarantees the multicast report.
  • the text can be sent to all destination nodes.
  • the BIFT is unchanged.
  • BIFT is based on network topology forwarding. It is not based on flow forwarding. No matter how many packets, it only affects the forwarding entries on the head node. It affects the multicast forwarding table on other forwarding devices. Therefore, even when a multicast receiving device or multicast source device dynamically joins the network, only the BIFT of the head node needs to be updated.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are directed to the forwarding of multicast packets in the BIR technology in the OpenFlow technology, so that the network traffic is flexibly controlled under the premise of flexible network traffic control in the OpenFlow technology. Enables efficient forwarding of multicast packets and reduces entry space.
  • the control platform in the following embodiments may be an SDN controller.
  • the control platform may be embedded in an SDN controller as an independent functional entity, and the control platform serves as The independent function entity and the OpenFlow OpenFlow controller work together; or the OpenFlow controller is embedded in the control platform of the embodiment of the present invention;
  • the forwarding device in the following embodiments may be an OpenFlow forwarding device, for example, including: Physical router, physical switch, virtual router, or virtual switch.
  • the following embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in some embodiments.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the information transmission method provided in this embodiment is applicable to the case where the multicast packet is forwarded in the SDN network, and the method may be implemented by the information transmission device, where the information transmission device is implemented by combining hardware and software. It can be integrated into the processor of the control platform for use by the processor. As shown in FIG. 4, the method in this embodiment may include:
  • Step S110 the control platform generates forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the information transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present invention forwards the multicast packet in the forwarding mode based on the BIER technology in the SDN network, and performs the forwarding operation of the multicast packet through the BIER flow table. Therefore, the control platform can first obtain the BIER network.
  • the BIER network information may include one or more of forwarding device information of the BIER network, network topology information, and multicast overlay information of the BIER network.
  • the control platform in this embodiment may generate forwarding information of the BIER network according to the BIER network information, and the forwarding information of the BIER network may be packaged.
  • multicast stream information and BIER egress node set information Including: multicast stream information and BIER egress node set information, or BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the network, or multicast stream information, BIER egress node set information, and BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the network.
  • Step S120 The control platform sends a BIER flow table to the forwarding device according to the forwarding information of the BIER network through the OpenFlow protocol.
  • the BIER flow table in this embodiment is different from the OpenFlow flow table in the related art.
  • the BIER basic information encapsulated in the BIER header is used to locate the BIFT, and the BitString is marked with the BIER group. All the egress forwarding devices of the broadcast message are included; therefore, the BIER flow table sent by the control platform in this embodiment includes information corresponding to the forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the BIER flow table sent by the control platform to the forwarding device includes: multicast stream information and BIER information, or BIER forwarding information, or multicast stream information, BIER information, and BIER forwarding information. It can be seen that the information content in the BIER flow table corresponds to the content of the forwarding information of the BIER network generated by the control platform.
  • the multicast stream information and the BIER information are sent only to the ingress and forwarding device, for example, a Bit Forwarding Ingress Router (BFIR), where the multicast stream
  • the information includes one or more of multicast source information, multicast group information, and information for identifying characteristics of the multicast stream;
  • the BIER information includes a bit string (BitString), which is a BIER egress forwarding device.
  • BFR Bit Forwarding Router
  • the BIER flow table in the embodiment of the present invention is generated by forwarding information of the BIER network, that is, the transmission of the multicast message between the forwarding devices is not transmitted in the form of a multicast IP packet, but is encapsulated in a specific In the BIER header, therefore, the intermediate forwarding device can find and route the BIER flow table according to the information in the BIER header, and the information in the BIER header also marks all the egress forwarding devices of the multicast message, that is, the multicast report can be guaranteed. The text can be forwarded to all egress forwarding devices.
  • the BIER flow table in any forwarding device does not need to be changed, that is, the control platform does not need to update the BIER flow table.
  • the control platform can only send the BIER flow table in the ingress forwarding device to transmit different streams. Compared with the flow-based group table forwarding mode in the related OpenFlow technology, the system space occupied by the flow table is greatly reduced, and the forwarding efficiency of multicast packets can be improved.
  • the control platform sends the BIER flow table, which may be an operation performed before the forwarding device receives the multicast packet, or may receive the multicast packet on the forwarding device, and does not match the BIER.
  • the BIER flow table may be an operation performed before the forwarding device receives the multicast packet, or may receive the multicast packet on the forwarding device, and does not match the BIER.
  • the information about the multicast packet to be forwarded is reported to the control platform, and then the control platform sends the updated BIER flow table to the forwarding device.
  • the control platform In the information transmission method provided by the embodiment, the control platform generates a BIER network forwarding information according to the generated forwarding information of the BIER network, and sends a BIER flow table to the forwarding device according to the OpenFlow protocol, thereby instructing the forwarding device to receive the packet according to the BIER flow table.
  • the multicast packet is sent to the multicast packet.
  • the multicast stream is added when the network topology is unchanged, and only the BIER flow table in the ingress forwarding device is changed.
  • the embodiment of the present invention solves the problem that the related OpenFlow technology performs the forwarding of the multicast packet, and the corresponding flow table and the group table are set up for each flow on each forwarding device, thereby causing the table to occupy a large space and forwarding. Less efficient problem.
  • the control platform may generate the forwarding information of the BIER network by using the BIER network information.
  • the method further includes: the control platform acquires the BIER network information, where the BIER network information includes: the BIER network.
  • the BIER network information includes: the BIER network.
  • the manner in which the control platform obtains the BIER network information may be: the control platform obtains the BIER network information from the application platform (Application, referred to as APP).
  • the BIER network information in this embodiment can be sent to the control platform by, for example, a graphical user interface (GUI) of the APP.
  • GUI graphical user interface
  • the BIER network information can also be RESTful between the APP and the control platform.
  • the interface is delivered.
  • FIG. 5 it is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in the data transmission manner provided by the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the control platform in the embodiment shown in Figure 5 is embedded as an independent functional entity in the SDN controller and works in conjunction with the OpenFlow controller.
  • the manner in which the control platform obtains the BIER network information may be: the control platform acquires the BIER network information by using an interface between the control platform and the forwarding device.
  • the interface between the OpenFlow controller and the forwarding device is used. Interface of the OpenFlow protocol.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario in the data transmission manner provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 4.
  • the solid arrow in FIG. 6 is the direction of the message that the control platform sends the BIER flow table to the forwarding device, and the dotted arrow is the direction of the message that the control platform obtains the BIER network information.
  • the OpenFlow controller in the embodiment shown in Figure 6 is embedded as a plug-in in the control platform.
  • the manner in which the control platform obtains the BIER network information may be: the control platform obtains the BIER network information through an interface between the control platform and other management or controller platforms.
  • the other management or controller in this embodiment may be, for example, an OpenFlow configuration point, a Border Gateway Protocol Label Switching (BGP_LS) or a Path Computation Element Protocol (PCEP). Controller.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of still another application scenario in the data transmission manner provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 4.
  • the OpenFlow controller in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is also embedded in the control platform as a plug-in.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of another information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method provided in this embodiment further includes:
  • Step S130 The control platform listens to the first control message, and the first control message is sent by the first forwarding device when the multicast receiving device served by the first forwarding device requests to join the BIER network.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in a data transmission manner provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 8.
  • the OpenFlow controller is also embedded as a plug-in in the control platform.
  • the OpenFlow forwarding device 5 is the first forwarding device, that is, the egress forwarding device.
  • the multicast receiving device 2 requests to dynamically join the BIER network.
  • the OpenFlow forwarding device 5 that is close to the multicast receiving device 2 sends the multicast receiving device 2 to the OpenFlow controller through the OpenFlow control message, or the OpenFlow forwarding device 5 can pass the OpenFlow controller.
  • the other control messages are sent to the corresponding controller, and then the controller feeds back the multicast receiving device 2 to dynamically join the control platform.
  • Step S140 the control platform updates the forwarding information of the BIER network according to the first control message.
  • Step S150 The control platform sends the updated BIER flow table to the ingress forwarding device according to the updated forwarding information of the BIER network through the OpenFlow protocol.
  • the forwarding of the BIER network may be updated according to the information of the joined multicast receiving device 2.
  • Information, and sending the updated BIER flow table to the ingress forwarding device according to the forwarding information of the updated BEIR network The addition of the multicast receiving device affects the egress forwarding node of the multicast packet. Therefore, the BIER flow table needs to be updated, and the BIER flow table on the ingress forwarding device (ie, the OpenFlow forwarding device 1) is updated.
  • step S110 to step S150 and step S110 and step S120 in the foregoing embodiment are not limited, and steps S130 to S150 may be performed before step S110 and step S120, or may be Step S110 and step S120 are performed, and the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is shown as an example after step S120 to step S150.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of still another method for transmitting information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method provided in this embodiment further includes:
  • Step S130 The control platform listens to the second control message, and the second control message is sent by the second forwarding device when the multicast source device served by the second forwarding device requests to join the BIER network.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in a data transmission manner provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 10.
  • the OpenFlow forwarding device 3 is a second forwarding device (that is, an ingress OpenFlow forwarding device), and the multicast source device 2 requests to dynamically join the BIER network, and also needs to send a multicast packet to the multicast receiving device. 1 and the multicast receiving device 2, the OpenFlow forwarding device 3 that is close to the multicast source device 2 can send the information of the multicast source device to the OpenFlow controller through the OpenFlow control message, or the OpenFlow forwarding device 3 can pass other control messages. It is sent to the corresponding controller, and then the controller feeds back the multicast source device 2 to dynamically join the information to the control platform.
  • Step S140 the control platform increases the forwarding information of the BIER network according to the second control message.
  • Step S150 The control platform sends the added BIER flow table to the second forwarding device according to the added forwarding information of the BIER network through the OpenFlow protocol.
  • the control platform learns that the multicast source device 2 dynamically joins the BIER network and needs to send a multicast packet, it is found that the multicast receiving device 1 and the multicast receiving device 2 need to receive the multicast source device 2 to send.
  • the BIER flow table on the Ingress OpenFlow forwarding device that is, the OpenFlow forwarding device 3 that sends the multicast packet to the multicast source device 2 needs to be added.
  • step S110 to step S150 and step S110 and step S120 in the foregoing embodiment are not limited, and steps S130 to S150 may be performed before step S110 and step S120, or may be After the step S110 and the step S120 are performed, the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is shown by taking steps S130 to S150 and performing after step S110 and step S120 as an example.
  • the BIER flow table delivered by the OpenFlow protocol is different from the content of the flow table in the related OpenFlow technology. Therefore, the OpenFlow protocol needs to be extended to support the delivery of the BIER flow table with the forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the OpenFlow Experimenter Message message format in the related art is as follows:
  • the OpenFlow controller In order to perform the delivery of the BIER header information, the OpenFlow controller provides an interface between the OpenFlow forwarding devices that support BIER forwarding, and can be used on the OpenFlow forwarding device.
  • the flow table forwarded by BIER performs various operations. For example, an Introducer ID is newly defined in the above OpenFlow Experimenter Message.
  • the flow table generated by the OpenFlow controller includes: an OpenFlow Extensible Match (OXM), an action set, a queue scheduling, and Error code notifications, etc.
  • OXM OpenFlow Extensible Match
  • the OXM that needs to be extended needs to add information included in the definition BIER header, that is, the BIER forwarding information includes: sub-domain information of BIER, bit string length (BitStringLength) information, and set identifier (Set Identifier) information. And bit string (BitString) information, or BIER Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) tag information, that is, BIER-MPLS tag information and bit string (BitString) information; in addition, BIER forwarding information It also includes: Entropy information, Time To Live (TTL) information, Type Of Service (TOS) information, and Bit Forwarding Ingress Router (referred to as Bit Forwarding Ingress Router).
  • TTL Time To Live
  • TOS Type Of Service
  • Bit Forwarding Ingress Router Bit Forwarding Ingress Router
  • the Flow Match field needs to support the matching in the BIER header information, especially the BIER Sub-domain, BitStringLength information, Set Identifier information and BitString information, so the extension of the OXM Experimenter Flow Match is defined as follows:
  • OXM_OF_BIERH_Subdomain_ID 0, /*Match Subdomain in BIERH*/
  • OXM_OF_BIERH_BitStringLength 1, /*Match BSL in BIERH*/
  • OXM_OF_BIERH_Set_Identifier 2,/*Match SI in BIERH*/
  • OXM_OF_BIERH_BitString 3,/*Match BitString in BIERH*/
  • OXM_OF_BIERH_MPLS_Label 4,/*Match MPLS Label for BIER*/
  • OXM_OF_BIERH_TOS 6,/*Match TOS in BIERH*/
  • OXM_OF_BIERH_BFIR-id 7,/*Match BFIR-id in BIERH*/
  • the extended action set that is, the action set of the BIER flow table, includes: pressing a BIER header, popping a BIER header, pushing a BIER-MPLS header, and pushing a BIER-MPLS header (Push BIER-MPLS).
  • Exchange one or more of BIER-MPLS header (Swap BIER-MPLS), pop-up BIER-MPLS header (Pop BIER-MPLS), and set bit string information (Set BitString);
  • the action set of the BIER flow table is also It may include: setting one or more of Set Entropy, Set TOS, and Decrement TTL.
  • the extension is defined as follows:
  • OFPAT_PUSH_BIERH 0, /*Push BIERH onto packet*/
  • OFPAT_POP_BIERH 1, /*Pop BIERH off packet*/
  • OFPAT_SET_BitString 2, /*Set BitString*/
  • OFPAT_PUSH_MPLS 3, /*Push MPLS*/
  • OFPAT_SWAP_MPLS 4, /*Swap MPLS*/
  • OFPAT_POP_MPLS 5, /*Pop MPLS*/
  • OFPAT_SET_TOS 7, /*Set TOS*/
  • OFPAT_DEC_TTL 8, /*Decrement TTL*/
  • the action set of the BIER flow table is in the application, and different actions are performed on different forwarding devices, which can be as follows:
  • the action of the Push BIER header is executed on the ingress forwarding device in the BIER domain. After the Push BIER header operation is completed, the forwarding of the BIER packet is started.
  • the action of the Pop BIER header is performed on the egress forwarding device in the BIER domain. After the BIER header is popped up, the BIER packet is forwarded and normal multicast forwarding is performed.
  • BIER-MPLS related actions are applied in the BIER-MPLS forwarding process as follows:
  • the action of the Push MPLS header is performed on the ingress forwarding device in the BIER domain. After the Push MPLS header operation is completed, the forwarding of the BIER-MPLS packet is started.
  • the action of the Pop MPLS header is performed on the egress forwarding device in the BIER domain. After the Pop MPLS header operation is completed, the BIER-MPLS packet is forwarded and normal multicast forwarding is performed.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of still another method for transmitting information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the information transmission method provided in this embodiment is applicable to the case where the multicast packet is forwarded in the SDN network, and the method may be implemented by the information transmission device, where the information transmission device is implemented by combining hardware and software. It can be integrated into the processor of the forwarding device for use by the processor. As shown in FIG. 12, the method in this embodiment may include:
  • Step S210 The forwarding device receives, by using the OpenFlow protocol, a BIER flow table that is sent by the control platform according to the forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the information transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present invention forwards the multicast packet in the forwarding mode based on the BIER technology in the SDN network, and performs the forwarding operation of the multicast packet through the BIER flow table. Therefore, the forwarding device forwards the multicast packet.
  • the BIER flow table sent by the control platform is received by the OpenFlow protocol, and the BIER flow table is sent by the control platform according to the forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the BIER flow table in the embodiment of the present invention has been described in the above embodiment as being different from the OpenFlow flow table in the related art.
  • the forwarding information of the BIER network may include: multicast stream information and BIER egress node set information, or BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the network, or multicast stream information, BIER egress node set information, and network.
  • the BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the present embodiment; the forwarding information of the BIER network in this embodiment is generated by the control platform according to the BIER network information, and the BIER network information may include forwarding device information, network topology information, and a group of the BIER network of the BIER network. Broadcast one or more of the overlay information.
  • the BIER flow table received by the forwarding device includes information corresponding to the forwarding information of the BIER network
  • the BIER flow table includes: multicast stream information and BIER information, or BIER forwarding information, or multicast stream information, BIER.
  • Information and BIER forwarding information It can be seen that the information content in the BIER flow table corresponds to the content of the forwarding information of the BIER network generated by the control platform.
  • the ingress forwarding device can receive the multicast stream information and the BIER information sent by the control platform, where the multicast stream information includes: multicast source information, multicast group information, and One or more of the information identifying the characteristics of the multicast stream; the BIER information includes a bit string (BitString) formed by a set of BIER exit forwarding devices.
  • each forwarding device can receive the BIER forwarding information sent by the control platform.
  • Step S220 The forwarding device forwards the received multicast packet according to the BIER flow table.
  • the application basis of this embodiment is the OpenFlow technology.
  • the operations performed by the forwarding device on the multicast packet also need to be based on the BIER flow table in the forwarding device. That is, the forwarding device receives the BIER flow table sent by the control platform through the OpenFlow southbound protocol. Then, when the multicast packet is received, the BIER flow table matching, the processing of the multicast packet, and the forwarding of the multicast packet in the forwarding device are performed according to the flow table.
  • the flow table received by the forwarding device in the embodiment of the present invention is a BIER flow table, and has forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the transmission of multicast packets between intermediate forwarding devices is not transmitted in the form of multicast IP packets, but encapsulated in a specific BIER header, similar to the BIER header encapsulated in the BIER forwarding mode. Therefore, intermediate forwarding The device can find the flow table and route it according to the information in the BIER header, and the information in the BIER header also indicates all the egress forwarding devices of the multicast packet, that is, the multicast packet can be forwarded to all egress forwarding devices.
  • the BIER flow table in any forwarding device when the network topology and the flow of the multicast message transmission are unchanged, the BIER flow table in any forwarding device does not need to be changed, that is, the control platform does not need to update the BIER flow table.
  • the BIER flow table in the ingress forwarding device will only be affected, and the BIER flow table in other forwarding devices will not be affected, that is, the control platform only updates the ingress forwarding device.
  • the BIER flow table can be used to send different streams. Compared with the flow-based group table forwarding mode in the related OpenFlow technology, the system space occupied by the flow table is greatly reduced, and the forwarding efficiency of multicast packets can be improved.
  • the step of the forwarding device receiving the BIER flow table may be received before the forwarding device receives the multicast packet, or the forwarding device may receive the multicast packet. If the BIER flow table is not matched, the related information of the multicast packet to be forwarded is reported to the control platform, and then the control platform sends the updated BIER flow table to the forwarding device.
  • the forwarding device receives the BIER flow table sent by the control platform according to the forwarding information of the BIER network through the OpenFlow protocol, so that the forwarding device can forward the received multicast packet according to the received BIER flow table.
  • the forwarding information of the BIER network is generated by the control platform according to the BIER network information.
  • the forwarding device receives the BIER flow table, and the multicast stream is added when the network topology is unchanged, and only the ingress forwarding device is changed.
  • the BIER flow table in the middle can be used.
  • the related OpenFlow technology is used to forward the multicast packet.
  • the flow table and the group table are created for each flow on each forwarding device. The problem of large occupied space and low forwarding efficiency.
  • the control platform before the BIER flow table is generated, the control platform also needs to obtain the BIER network information, and the obtaining manner can also obtain the BIER network information from the APP for the control platform; and can also use the OpenFlow controller for the control platform. Forwarding the interface between the devices to obtain the BIER network information; and obtaining the BIER network information for the control platform through the interface between the control platform and other management or controller platforms.
  • the manners and application scenarios of the BIER network information obtained by the control platform in this embodiment are the same as those in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the application scenarios shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 are also referred to, and therefore are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of still another method for transmitting information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method provided in this embodiment further includes:
  • Step S230 When the multicast receiving device served by the first forwarding device requests to join the BIER network, the first forwarding device sends a first control message to the control platform, where the first control message is used to instruct the control platform to update the forwarding information of the BIER network. .
  • the embodiment may also refer to the application scenario shown in FIG. 9 , the location of the first forwarding device in the network in the embodiment, that is, the egress forwarding device, and the manner and application of the first forwarding device to send the first control message.
  • the examples are the same as the above embodiments, and therefore will not be described again.
  • Step S240 The ingress forwarding device receives, by using an OpenFlow protocol, an updated BIER flow table sent by the control platform to the ingress forwarding device according to the updated forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • Step S250 The ingress forwarding device forwards the received multicast packet according to the updated BIER flow table.
  • step S230 to step S250 may be in the step.
  • S210 and step S220 are performed before, and may be performed after step S210 and step S220.
  • the present embodiment shown in FIG. 13 is shown by taking steps S230 to S250 after step S210 and step S220 as an example.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart of still another method for transmitting information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method provided in this embodiment further includes:
  • Step S230 When the multicast source device served by the second forwarding device requests to join the BIER network, the second forwarding device sends a second control message to the control platform, where the second control message is used to instruct the control platform to add the BIER network. Forward the message.
  • the application scenario shown in FIG. 11 can also be referred to, the location of the second forwarding device in the network in the embodiment, that is, the ingress forwarding device, and the manner in which the second forwarding device sends the second control message and the application instance. It is the same as the above embodiment, so it will not be described here.
  • Step S240 The second forwarding device receives, by using the OpenFlow protocol, a new BIER flow table sent by the control platform to the second forwarding device according to the added forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • Step S250 The second forwarding device forwards the received multicast packet according to the newly added BIER flow table.
  • step S230 to step S250 and step S210 and step S220 in the foregoing embodiment are not limited, and steps S230 to S250 may be performed before step S210 and step S220, or may be After the step S210 and the step S220 are performed, the embodiment shown in FIG. 14 is executed after the step S220 to the step S250.
  • the BIER flow table received by the OpenFlow protocol is different from the content of the flow table in the related OpenFlow technology. Therefore, the flow table is extended by the OpenFlow protocol to support BIER related information.
  • the extension of the OpenFlow Experimenter message in this embodiment and the extension of each flow entry in the BIER flow table received by the forwarding device are related to the foregoing embodiments, and therefore are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an information transmission method according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of the control platform of the present application transmitting multicast stream information and BIER information in a BIER flow table through an OpenFlow protocol.
  • the control platform sends a BIER containing multicast stream information and BIER information to the ingress forwarding device (ie, BFIR) in the BIER domain through the OpenFlow protocol according to the multicast stream information and the BIER egress forwarding device (ie, BFER) set information.
  • Flow table a BIER containing multicast stream information and BIER information to the ingress forwarding device (ie, BFIR) in the BIER domain through the OpenFlow protocol according to the multicast stream information and the BIER egress forwarding device (ie, BFER) set information.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an information transmission method according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • 16 is a schematic diagram of a BIER forwarding information in a BIER flow table sent by a control platform of the present application through an OpenFlow protocol.
  • the control platform sends a BIER flow table including BIER forwarding information to each forwarding device (ie, BFR) in the BIER domain according to the BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the network.
  • control platform may also send the inclusion group to the ingress node forwarding device (ie, BFIR) in the BIER domain according to the multicast flow information and the BIER egress forwarding device information, and the BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the network.
  • a BIER flow table for broadcast information and BIER information, and a BIER flow table containing BIER forwarding information is sent to each forwarding device (ie, BFR).
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an information transmission method according to Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • this embodiment is a method for forwarding a multicast packet based on the BIER basic information search flow table, and the control platform has delivered a BIER flow table including BIER basic information to each OpenFlow in the network.
  • the forwarding device for example, the OpenFlow forwarding device 1 serves as an ingress OpenFlow forwarding device of the multicast source device, and the multi-level BIER flow table thereon includes multicast stream information and BIER information, and BIER forwarding information, which is on the OpenFlow forwarding device 1
  • the level BIER flow tables are shown in Tables 3 to 5 below:
  • Table 3 the first level BIER flow table 1 of the OpenFlow forwarding device 1
  • the OpenFlow forwarding device 2 serves as an intermediate OpenFlow forwarding device, and the multi-level BIER flow table includes the BIER forwarding information.
  • the multi-level BIER flow table on the OpenFlow forwarding device 2 is as shown in Table 6 and Table 7 below:
  • Table 6 the first level BIER flow table 1 of OpenFlow forwarding device 2
  • the OpenFlow forwarding device 3, the OpenFlow forwarding device 4, and the OpenFlow forwarding device 5 serve as egress OpenFlow forwarding devices, and the multi-level BIER flow table thereon includes BIER forwarding information, and the multi-level BIER flow tables on these OpenFlow forwarding devices are as shown in Table 6 and Table, respectively. 8 shows that the first-stage BIER flow table is the same as the above-mentioned Table 6.
  • the OpenFlow forwarding device 1 when the OpenFlow forwarding device 1 receives the multicast packet, it determines which VPN-ID the packet belongs to. If the VPN-ID defaults to 0, the packet is a public network. Multicast packet.
  • the processing flow on each OpenFlow forwarding device is as follows:
  • the OpenFlow forwarding device that is, the OpenFlow forwarding device 1 searches the BIER flow table 1 (Table 3) according to the source address and the destination group address in the multicast packet, and after the hit, the Push BIER Header, Goto to the flow table 2 further pipeline processing; continues the matching flow.
  • BIER Sub-domain in Table 2 After the BitStringLength information and the Set Identifier information are successfully matched, Goto goes to the flow table 3 for further pipeline processing; continues to match the BitString information in the BIER flow table 3, and the BitString information in the BIER header and the BitString matching the BIER flow table 3 (Table 5).
  • the information is phased, the BitString information is updated with the phased result, and then an updated multicast message is copied, and the multicast message is output to the OpenFlow forwarding device 2; further, the result of the phase is reversed, and further
  • the BitString information in the original BIER header is updated, and the BitString information is updated with the result of the current phase, and then an updated multicast message is copied, and the Goto multicast message is repeatedly processed to the BIER flow table 3.
  • the multicast packet is forwarded to the OpenFlow forwarding device 3; the BIER flow table 3 is continuously executed, and after the phase is completed, the BitString is 0, and the packet is discarded.
  • the intermediate OpenFlow forwarding device that is, the OpenFlow forwarding device, receives the multicast packet, and searches for the BIER flow table 1 (Table 6) according to the Sub-domain, the BitStringLength information, and the Set Identifier information in the multicast packet. After the hit, the Goto to the BIER flow Table 2 further pipeline processing; continue to match the BitString information in the BIER flow table 2, and combine the BitString information in the BIER header with the BitString information in the matching BIER flow table 2 (Table 7), and update the BitString information with the phased result.
  • the BIER flow table 1 Table 6
  • the OpenFlow forwarding device that is, the OpenFlow forwarding device 3 and the OpenFlow forwarding device 4 receive the multicast packet, and find the BIER flow table 1 (Table 6) according to the Sub-domain, BitStringLength information and Set Identifier information in the multicast packet, after hitting, Goto to BIER flow table 2 (Table 8) further pipeline processing, Pop out BIER Header, Output the multicast message.
  • FIG. 17 is also a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an information transmission method provided by example 4 of the present application.
  • this embodiment is a method for forwarding a multicast packet based on a BIER-MPLS lookup flow table.
  • the control platform has delivered a flow table including a BIER-MPLS to each OpenFlow forwarding device in the network, for example,
  • the OpenFlow forwarding device 1 serves as an ingress OpenFlow forwarding device of the multicast source device, and the multi-level flow table includes multicast stream information and BIER information, and BIER forwarding information.
  • the multi-level BIER flow table on the OpenFlow forwarding device 1 is as follows: Table 9 to Table 11:
  • the OpenFlow forwarding device 2 serves as an intermediate OpenFlow forwarding device, and the multi-level BIER flow table includes the BIER forwarding information.
  • the multi-level BIER flow table on the OpenFlow forwarding device 2 is shown in Table 12 and Table 13, respectively.
  • the OpenFlow forwarding device 3, the OpenFlow forwarding device 4, and the OpenFlow forwarding device 5 serve as egress OpenFlow forwarding devices, and the multi-level BIER flow table thereon includes BIER forwarding information, and the multi-level BIER flow tables on these OpenFlow forwarding devices are as shown in Table 12 and Table, respectively. 14, wherein the first level flow table is the same as the above table 12,
  • the OpenFlow forwarding device 1 when the OpenFlow forwarding device 1 receives the multicast packet, it determines which VPN-ID the packet belongs to. If the VPN-ID defaults to 0, the packet is a public network. Multicast packet.
  • the processing flow on each OpenFlow forwarding device is as follows:
  • the OpenFlow forwarding device that is, the OpenFlow forwarding device 1 searches for the BIER flow table 1 (Table 9) according to the source address and the destination group address in the multicast message, after the hit, the Push BIER Header, the Push BIER-MPLS header, and the Goto to the flow table 2 further. Pipeline processing; continue to match the BIER-MPLS information in BIER flow table 2 (Table 10). After the matching is successful, Goto to BIER flow table 3 is further pipelined; continue to match the BitString information in BIER flow table 3, and the BIER header The BitString information is matched with the BitString information of the matching BIER flow table 3 (Table 11).
  • the result is updated with the BitString information, and then an updated multicast message is copied, and the multicast message is output to the OpenFlow forwarding device 2; further, the result of the phase is reversed, and the BitString information in the original BIER header is further In contrast, the BitString information is updated with the result of the current phase, and then an updated multicast message is copied, and the Goto multicast message is repeatedly processed to the BIER flow table 3. After the Output is updated, the multicast message is forwarded to the OpenFlow. Device 3; continue to perform the action of BIER flow table 3, and find that after the phase and the end, when BitString is 0, the message is discarded.
  • the intermediate OpenFlow forwarding device that is, the OpenFlow forwarding device 2 receives the multicast packet, and searches for the BIER flow table 1 according to the BIER-MPLS information in the multicast packet (Table 12). After the hit, the Goto to BIER flow table 2 is further processed by the pipeline; Match the BitString information in the BIER flow table 2, match the BitString information in the BIER header with the BitString information of the matching BIER flow table 2 (Table 13), update the BitString information with the result of the phase, Swap BIER-MPLS, and then copy An updated multicast message, Output the multicast message to the OpenFlow forwarding device 4; further, invert the result of the phase and the BitString information in the original BIER header, and find that after the phase is completed, the BitString If 0, the packet is discarded.
  • the OpenFlow forwarding device that is, the OpenFlow forwarding device 3 and the OpenFlow forwarding device 4 receive the multicast packet, and find the BIER flow table 1 according to the BIER-MPLS information in the multicast packet (Table 12). After the hit, the Goto to the BIER flow table 2 (Table 14) Further pipeline processing, Pop out BIER-MPLS header, Pop out BIER Header, Output the multicast message.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an information transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the information transmission apparatus provided in this embodiment is applicable to the case where the multicast packet is forwarded in the SDN network, and the information transmission apparatus is implemented by combining hardware and software, and the apparatus may be integrated into the processor of the control platform. For use by the processor.
  • the information transmission apparatus of this embodiment includes a connection generation module 11 and a transmission module 12.
  • the generating module 11 is configured to generate forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the information transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present invention forwards the multicast packet in the forwarding mode based on the BIER technology in the SDN network, and performs the forwarding operation of the multicast packet through the BIER flow table. Therefore, the control platform can first obtain the BIER network.
  • the BIER network information may also include one or more of forwarding device information of the BIER network, network topology information, and multicast overlay information of the BIER network.
  • the acquiring module in this embodiment may The forwarding information of the BIER network is generated according to the BIER network information, and the forwarding information of the BIER network may include: multicast stream information and BIER egress node set information, or BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the network, or multicast stream information.
  • the BIER egress node aggregation information and the BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the network may include: multicast stream information and BIER egress node set information, or BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the network, or multicast stream information.
  • the sending module 12 is configured to send the BIER flow table to the forwarding device through the OpenFlow protocol according to the forwarding information of the BIER network generated by the generating module 11.
  • the BIER flow table in this embodiment is different from the OpenFlow flow table in the related art.
  • the BIER flow table sent by the sending module to the forwarding device in this embodiment includes: a multicast stream.
  • Information and BIER information, or BIER forwarding information, or multicast stream information, BIER information, and BIER forwarding information It can be seen that the information content in the BIER flow table corresponds to the content of the forwarding information of the BIER network generated by the control platform.
  • the multicast stream information and the BIER information are sent only to the ingress and forwarding device, for example, a Bit Forwarding Ingress Router (BFIR), where the multicast stream
  • the information includes one or more of multicast source information, multicast group information, and information for identifying characteristics of the multicast stream;
  • the BIER information includes a bit string BitString, which is a collection of BIER egress forwarding devices. Forming.
  • the BIER forwarding information is sent to each forwarding device, for example, a Bit Forwarding Router (BFR).
  • BFR Bit Forwarding Router
  • the BIER flow table in the embodiment of the present invention is generated by forwarding information of the BIER network, that is, the transmission of the multicast message between the forwarding devices is not transmitted in the form of a multicast IP packet, but is encapsulated in a specific In the BIER header, therefore, the intermediate forwarding device can find and route the BIER flow table according to the information in the BIER header, and the information in the BIER header also marks all the egress forwarding devices of the multicast message, that is, the multicast report can be guaranteed. The text can be forwarded to all egress forwarding devices.
  • the information transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to perform the information transmission method provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and has a corresponding function module, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the information transmission apparatus of this embodiment further includes: an acquisition module 13 connected to the generation module 11, configured to acquire BIER network information before the generation module 11 generates the forwarding information of the BIER network, and the acquisition module 13 acquires the BIER
  • the way of network information can be:
  • the BIER network information can be obtained from the application platform APP; or configured to: obtain the BIER network information through the interface between the control platform and each forwarding device; or: configured to be able to pass the control platform and other The interface between the management or controller platform to obtain BIER network information.
  • the manners and application scenarios of the BIER network information obtained by the obtaining module 13 in this embodiment are the same as those in the foregoing embodiment, and the application scenarios shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 can also be referred to, and therefore are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of another information transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus provided in this embodiment further includes: a connected listening module 14 and an update module 15, and the update module 15 is further connected to the sending module 12; wherein, the listening module 14 And configured to be able to listen to the first control message, where the first control message is sent by the first forwarding device when the multicast receiving device served by the first forwarding device requests to join the BIER network, and the update module 15 is configured to be capable of detecting The first control message that is detected by the module 14 updates the forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the sending module 12 is further configured to send the updated BIER flow to the ingress forwarding device according to the forwarding information of the updated BIER network according to the update module 15. table.
  • the embodiment may also refer to the application scenario shown in FIG. 9 , the location of the first forwarding device in the network in the embodiment, that is, the egress forwarding device, and the manner and application of the first forwarding device to send the first control message.
  • the examples are the same as the above embodiments, and therefore will not be described again.
  • the execution sequence of the first control message and the sending module 12 to send the BIER flow table in the foregoing embodiment is not limited.
  • the first control message may be sent by the sending module 12 to the BIER. Executed before the flow table, it may also be executed after the sending module 12 sends the BIER flow table.
  • the information transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used to execute the information transmission method provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 and has a corresponding function module, and the implementation principle and the technical effect thereof are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the listening module 14 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 19 is configured to be able to listen to the second control message, where the second control message is a group served by the second forwarding device.
  • the second forwarding device sends; correspondingly, the update module 15 is configured to increase the forwarding information of the BIER network according to the second control message detected by the intercepting module 14; the sending module 12 Also configured to be able to add BIER according to update module 15.
  • the forwarding information of the network sends an increased BIER flow table to the second forwarding device.
  • the application scenario shown in FIG. 11 can also be referred to, the location of the second forwarding device in the network in the embodiment, that is, the ingress forwarding device, and the manner in which the second forwarding device sends the second control message and the application instance. It is the same as the above embodiment, so it will not be described here.
  • the embodiment does not limit the execution sequence of the second control message received by the listening module 14 and the sending module 12 in the foregoing embodiment, and the second control message may be that the sending module 12 sends the BIER flow table. Executed before, it can also be executed after the sending module 12 sends the BIER flow table.
  • the information transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to perform the information transmission method provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, and has a corresponding function module, and the implementation principle and the technical effect thereof are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the BIER flow table delivered by the OpenFlow protocol is different from the content of the flow table in the related OpenFlow technology. Therefore, the OpenFlow protocol needs to be extended to support the delivery of the BIER flow table with the forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the extension of the OpenFlow Experimenter message in this embodiment and the extension of the flow entry in the BIER flow table received by the forwarding device are related to the foregoing embodiments, and therefore are not described herein again.
  • the sending module 12 and the listening module 14 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 18 and FIG. 19 can be implemented by using a transceiver in the control platform, and the generating module 11, the obtaining module 13 and the updating module 15 can pass through the control platform.
  • the processor is implemented by, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or the implementation of the present invention.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of still another information transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the information transmission apparatus provided in this embodiment is applicable to the case where the multicast packet is forwarded in the SDN network, and the information transmission apparatus is implemented by combining hardware and software, and the apparatus may be integrated in the processor of the forwarding device. For use by the processor.
  • the information transmission apparatus of this embodiment includes: a receiving module 21 and a transmitting module 22 that are connected.
  • the receiving module 21 is configured to receive, by using the OpenFlow protocol, a BIER flow table that is sent by the control platform according to the forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the information transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present invention forwards the multicast packet in the forwarding mode based on the BIER technology in the SDN network, and performs the forwarding operation of the multicast packet through the BIER flow table. Therefore, the forwarding device forwards the multicast packet.
  • the BIER flow table sent by the control platform is received by the OpenFlow protocol, and the BIER flow table is sent by the control platform according to the forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the BIER flow table in the embodiment of the present invention has been described in the above embodiment as being different from the OpenFlow flow table in the related art.
  • the forwarding information of the BIER network may include: multicast stream information and BIER egress node set information, or BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the network, or multicast stream information, BIER egress node set information, and network.
  • the BIER forwarding information of each forwarding device in the present embodiment; the forwarding information of the BIER network in this embodiment is generated by the control platform according to the BIER network information, and the BIER network information may include forwarding device information, network topology information, and a group of the BIER network of the BIER network. Broadcast one or more of the overlay information.
  • the BIER flow table received by the forwarding device includes information corresponding to the forwarding information of the BIER network
  • the BIER flow table includes: multicast stream information and BIER information, or BIER forwarding information, or multicast stream information, BIER.
  • Information and BIER forwarding information It can be seen that the information content in the BIER flow table corresponds to the content of the forwarding information of the BIER network generated by the control platform.
  • the ingress forwarding device can receive the multicast stream information and the BIER information sent by the control platform, where the multicast stream information includes: multicast source information, multicast group information, and One or more of the information identifying the characteristics of the multicast stream; the BIER information includes a bit string (BitString) formed by a set of BIER exit forwarding devices.
  • each forwarding device can receive the BIER forwarding information sent by the control platform.
  • the sending module 22 is configured to forward the received multicast packet according to the BIER flow table received by the receiving module 21.
  • the application basis of the embodiment of the present invention is the OpenFlow technology, and the operations performed by the sending module 22 on the multicast packet are also required to be based on the BIER flow table in the forwarding device, that is, the receiving module 21 receives the control platform and sends the protocol through the OpenFlow southbound protocol.
  • the BIER flow table After the BIER flow table is received, the BIER flow table matching, the processing of the multicast message, and the forwarding of the multicast message can be performed according to the flow table when the multicast packet is received.
  • the flow table received by the receiving module 21 in the embodiment of the present invention is a BIER flow table, and has forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the transmission of multicast packets between intermediate forwarding devices is not transmitted in the form of a multicast IP packet, but is encapsulated in a specific BIER header, similar to the BIER header encapsulated in the BIER forwarding mode. Therefore, the intermediate forwarding device can According to the information in the BIER header, the flow table is searched and routed, and the information in the BIER header is also marked with all the egress forwarding devices of the multicast packet, that is, the multicast packets can be forwarded to all egress forwarding devices.
  • the BIER flow table in any forwarding device does not need to be changed when the network topology and flow of the multicast packet transmission are unchanged, that is, the control platform does not need to update the BIER flow table.
  • the BIER flow table in the ingress forwarding device will only be affected, and the BIER flow table in other forwarding devices will not be affected, that is, the control platform only updates the ingress forwarding device.
  • the BIER flow table can be used to send different streams. Compared with the flow-based group table forwarding mode in the related OpenFlow technology, the system space occupied by the flow table is greatly reduced, and the forwarding efficiency of multicast packets can be improved.
  • the information transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to perform the information transmission method provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, and has a corresponding function module, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the control platform before the BIER flow table is generated, the control platform also needs to obtain the BIER network information, and the obtaining manner can also obtain the BIER network information from the APP for the control platform; and the control platform can also use the control platform to The interface between the forwarding devices obtains the BIER network information; and the control platform can obtain the BIER network information through the interface between the control platform and other management or controller platforms.
  • the manners and application scenarios of the BIER network information obtained by the control platform in this embodiment are the same as those in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the application scenarios shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 are also referred to, and therefore are not described herein again.
  • the sending module 22 in the information transmission device configured in the first forwarding device is further configured to be capable of requesting by the multicast receiving device served by the first forwarding device.
  • the first control message is sent to the control platform, where the first control message is used to instruct the control platform to update the forwarding information of the BIER network;
  • the receiving module 21 Configuring to receive, by the OpenFlow protocol the control platform sends an updated BIER flow table to the ingress forwarding device according to the updated forwarding information of the BIER network;
  • the sending module 22 is further configured to be able to receive the update according to the receiving module.
  • the BIER flow table forwards the received multicast packets.
  • the embodiment may also refer to the application scenario shown in FIG. 9 , the location of the first forwarding device in the network in the embodiment, that is, the egress forwarding device, and the manner and application of the first forwarding device to send the first control message.
  • the examples are the same as the above embodiments, and therefore will not be described again.
  • the information transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to perform the information transmission method provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 and has a corresponding function module, and the implementation principle and the technical effect thereof are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the sending module 22 in the information transmission device configured in the second forwarding device is further configured to be able to join the BIER at the multicast source device served by the second forwarding device.
  • the second control message is sent to the control platform, and the second control message is used to instruct the control platform to increase the forwarding information of the BIER network.
  • the receiving module 21 in the information transmission device configured in the second forwarding device is also configured.
  • the application scenario shown in FIG. 11 can also be referred to, the location of the second forwarding device in the network in the embodiment, that is, the ingress forwarding device, and the manner in which the second forwarding device sends the second control message and the application instance. It is the same as the above embodiment, so it will not be described here.
  • the information transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured to perform the information transmission method provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 14 and has a corresponding function module, and the implementation principle and the technical effect thereof are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the BIER flow table received by the OpenFlow protocol is different from the content of the flow table in the related OpenFlow technology. Therefore, the flow table is extended by the OpenFlow protocol to support the BIER related information.
  • the extension of the OpenFlow Experimenter message in this embodiment and the extension of each flow entry in the BIER flow table received by the forwarding device are related to the foregoing embodiments, and therefore are not described herein again.
  • the receiving module 21 and the transmitting module 22 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 20 can be implemented by a transceiver in a forwarding device.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the data transmission system is applicable to the case where the multicast packet is forwarded in the SDN network, and the data transmission system includes: a control platform 31 and a plurality of forwarding devices 32; wherein the control platform 31 is provided with FIG. 18 and In the information transmission apparatus in the embodiment shown in Fig. 19, each of the forwarding devices 32 is provided with the information transmission apparatus in the embodiment shown in Fig. 20 described above.
  • the manner in which each network element in the information transmission system of the present embodiment performs data transmission is the same as the manner in which the corresponding network element performs data transmission in the embodiment shown in FIG. 18 to FIG. 20, and is also used to perform FIG. 4 to FIG.
  • the information transmission method provided in any of the embodiments is provided with a corresponding physical device, and the implementation principle and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, which are implemented to implement the above information transmission method applied to the control platform when the computer executable instructions are executed.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, which are implemented to implement the above information transmission method applied to the forwarding device when the computer executable instructions are executed.
  • a program to instruct related hardware e.g., a processor
  • a computer readable storage medium such as a read only memory, disk or optical disk. Wait.
  • all or part of the steps of the above embodiments may also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits.
  • each module/unit in the above embodiment may be implemented in the form of hardware, for example, by implementing an integrated circuit to implement its corresponding function, or may be implemented in the form of a software function module, for example, executing a program stored in the memory by a processor. / instruction to achieve its corresponding function.
  • Embodiments of the invention are not limited to any specific form of combination of hardware and software.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method, an apparatus, and a system for transmitting information.
  • a BIER flow table By transmitting a BIER flow table to a forwarding device, the multicast stream is added when the network topology is unchanged, and only the BIER flow in the ingress forwarding device is changed.
  • the table can be used; the related OpenFlow technology is used to forward the multicast packets.
  • the flow table and the group table are set up for each flow on each forwarding device. Low problem.

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Abstract

一种信息传输方法，包括：控制平台生成比特位索引显示复制BIER网络的转发信息；该控制平台根据BIER网络的转发信息通过OpenFlow协议向转发设备发送BIER流表。上述方案解决了相关OpenFlow技术进行组播报文的转发方式，由于需要在每台转发设备上为每条流建立对应的流表和组表，从而导致表项占用空间较大和转发效率较低的问题。

Description

一种信息传输方法、装置和系统 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及但不限于软件定义网络(Software Defined Network，简称为：SDN)技术领域，尤指一种信息传输方法、装置和系统。
背景技术
SDN最初是由美国斯坦福大学clean slate研究组提出的一种新型网络创新架构。SDN的核心技术开放流OpenFlow协议通过将网络设备的控制面(包含OpenFlow控制器)与数据面(包含OpenFlow Switch，即OpenFlow转发设备)分离开来，从而实现了网络流量的灵活控制，为核心网络及应用的创新提供了良好的平台。
如图1所示，为相关技术中的一种OpenFlow协议和OpenFlow配置协议的应用示意图。OpenFlow协议用来描述OpenFlow控制器和OpenFlow转发设备之间交互所用信息的标准以及控制器和转发设备的接口标准。OpenFlow协议还支持组表(Group Table)，如表1所示，为相关技术中一种组表的内容。
表1
Group Identifier Group Type Counters Action Buckets
组标识 组类型 计数器 动作桶
上述表1中的Group Identifier标识该组表，当Group Type为all时，该组表用于组播流量和广播流量的转发，Action Buckets是多个动作集的列表。OpenFlow协议中组播报文的转发流程是：当转发设备(例如是OpenFlow转发设备)接收到组播报文时，首先根据该组播报文中的源地址和组地址匹配流表中的流量入口(Flow Entry)，匹配成功后，Flow Entry中的动作集(Instructions)会执行“Group group-id”命令，让组播报文进一步执行组表处理，进入到组表，在发现Group Type为all时，分别复制一份组播报文到每个动作桶执行，执行完成后，组播报文从动作桶的多个出接口转发出去， 从而完成组播报文的转发。然而，上述基于OpenFlow组表的组播报文的转发方式是基于流的转发，即需要在每台转发设备上为每一条流创建一个源IP地址(Source Internet Protocol，简称为：S-IP)和目的组IP地址(Group IP，简称为：G-IP)，即(S，G)流表及组表。在组播网络拓扑不变的情况下，当组播流越多，表项也越大，因此，极大地浪费了表项空间。
综上所述，相关OpenFlow技术进行组播报文的转发方式，由于需要在每台转发设备上为每条流建立对应的流表和组表，从而导致表项占用空间较大和转发效率较低的问题。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本发明实施例提供了一种信息传输方法、装置和系统，以解决相关OpenFlow技术进行组播报文的转发方式，由于需要在每台转发设备上为每条流建立对应的流表和组表，从而导致表项占用空间较大和转发效率较低的问题。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供一种信息传输方法，包括：控制平台生成比特位索引显示复制(BIER)网络的转发信息；所述控制平台根据所述BIER网络的转发信息通过OpenFlow协议向转发设备发送BIER流表。
在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述BIER流表包括：组播流信息和BIER信息，或者BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER信息和BIER转发信息。
根据第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述组播流信息包括：组播源信息，组播组信息和用于标识组播流特征的信息中的一项或多项；所述BIER信息包括比特位串(BitString)，所述比特位串为BIER出口转发设备的集合所形成的；所述BIER转发信息包括比特位串信息。
根据第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中， 所述BIER转发信息还包括：BIER的子域信息、比特位串长度信息和集标识信息中的一项或多项，或者BIER多协议标签交换(BIER-MPLS)标签信息；所述BIER转发信息还包括：熵值信息、生存时间(TTL)信息、服务类型(TOS)信息和比特位转发入口路由器标识(BFIR-ID)中的一项或多项。
在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述BIER流表的动作集包括：压入BIER头、弹出BIER头、压入BIER-MPLS头、交换BIER-MPLS头、弹出BIER-MPLS头和设置比特位串信息中的一项或多项；所述BIER流表的动作集还包括：设置熵值信息、设置TOS信息和减少TTL信息中的一项或多项。
在第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述控制平台生成的BIER网络的转发信息包括：组播流信息和BIER出口节点集合信息，或者网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER出口节点集合信息和网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息。
在第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述控制平台生成所述BIER网络的转发信息之前，上述方法还包括：
所述控制平台获取BIER网络信息，所述BIER网络信息包括：所述BIER网络的转发设备信息、网络拓扑信息和所述BIER网络的组播叠加层信息中的一项或多项；
所述控制平台获取BIER网络信息，包括：
所述控制平台从应用平台APP中获取所述BIER网络信息；或者，
所述控制平台通过所述控制平台与所述转发设备之间的接口，获取所述BIER网络信息；或者，
所述控制平台通过所述控制平台与其它管理或控制器平台之间的接口，获取所述BIER网络信息。
根据第一方面、第一方面的第一种到第六种可能的实现方式中任意一种，在第七种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述控制平台侦听第一控制消息，所述第一控制消息为第一转发设备服务的组播接收设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，所述第一转发设备发送的；
所述控制平台根据所述第一控制消息更新所述BIER网络的转发信息；
所述控制平台根据更新后的BIER网络的转发信息通过OpenFlow协议向入口转发设备发送更新后的BIER流表。
根据第一方面、第一方面的第一种到第六种可能的实现方式中任意一种，在第八种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述控制平台侦听第二控制消息，所述第二控制消息为第二转发设备服务的组播源设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，所述第二转发设备发送的；
所述控制平台根据所述第二控制消息增加BIER网络的转发信息；
所述控制平台根据所增加的BIER网络的转发信息通过OpenFlow协议向所述第二转发设备发送增加的BIER流表。
根据第一方面、第一方面的第一种到第六种可能的实现方式中任意一种，在第九种可能的实现方式中，所述控制平台为：SDN控制器；或者，所述控制平台作为独立的功能实体嵌入在SDN控制器中；或者，OpenFlow控制器作为插件嵌入在所述控制平台中。
第二方面，本发明实施例提供一种信息传输方法，包括：转发设备通过开放流OpenFlow协议接收控制平台根据BIER网络的转发信息发送的BIER流表；所述转发设备根据所述BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行转发。
在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述BIER流表包括：组播流信息和BIER信息，或者BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER信息和BIER转发信息。
根据第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述组播流信息包括：组播源信息、组播组信息和用于标识组播流特征的信息中的一项或多项；所述BIER信息包括比特位串(BitString)，所述比特位串为BIER出口转发设备的集合所形成的；所述BIER转发信息包括比特位串信息。
根据第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述BIER转发信息还包括：BIER的子域信息、比特位串长度信息和集标识信息中的一项或多项，或者BIER多协议标签交换(BIER-MPLS)标签信息； 所述BIER转发信息还包括：熵值信息、生存时间(TTL)信息、服务类型(TOS)信息和比特位转发入口路由器标识(BFIR-ID)中的一项或多项。
在第二方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述BIER流表的动作集包括：压入BIER头、弹出BIER头、压入BIER-MPLS头、交换BIER-MPLS头、弹出BIER-MPLS头和设置比特位串信息中的一项或多项；所述BIER流表的动作集还包括：设置熵值信息、设置TOS信息和减少TTL信息中的一项或多项。
在第二方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述BIER网络的转发信息包括：组播流信息和BIER出口节点集合信息，或者网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER出口节点集合信息和网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息。
根据第二方面、第二方面的第一种到第五种可能的实现方式中任意一种，在第六种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
第一转发设备服务的组播接收设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，所述第一转发设备向所述控制平台发送第一控制消息，所述第一控制消息用于指示所述控制平台更新所述BIER网络的转发信息；
入口转发设备通过OpenFlow协议接收所述控制平台根据更新后的BIER网络的转发信息向所述入口转发设备发送的更新的BIER流表；
所述入口转发设备根据所述更新的BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行转发。
根据第二方面、第二方面的第一种到第五种可能的实现方式中任意一种，在第七种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
第二转发设备服务的组播源设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，所述第二转发设备向所述控制平台发送第二控制消息，所述第二控制消息用于指示所述控制平台增加BIER网络的转发信息；
所述第二转发设备通过OpenFlow协议接收所述控制平台根据所增加的BIER网络的转发信息向所述第二转发设备发送的新增BIER流表。
根据第二方面、第二方面的第一种到第五种可能的实现方式中任意一种， 在第八种可能的实现方式中，所述转发设备包括：物理路由器、物理交换机、虚拟路由器或者虚拟交换机。
第三方面，本发明实施例提供一种信息传输装置，设置于控制平台中，所述信息传输装置包括：生成模块和发送模块；
所述生成模块，配置为能够生成比特位索引显示复制(BIER)网络的转发信息；
所述发送模块，配置为能够根据所述生成模块生成的BIER网络的转发信息通过OpenFlow协议向转发设备发送BIER流表。
在第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述BIER流表包括：组播流信息和BIER信息，或者BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER信息和BIER转发信息。
根据第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述组播流信息包括：组播源信息、组播组信息和用于标识组播流特征的信息中的一项或多项；所述BIER信息包括比特位串(BitString)，所述比特位串为BIER出口转发设备的集合所形成的；所述BIER转发信息包括比特位串信息。
根据第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述BIER转发信息还包括：BIER的子域信息、比特位串长度信息和集标识信息中的一项或多项，或者BIER多协议标签交换(BIER-MPLS)标签信息；所述BIER转发信息还包括：熵值信息、生存时间(TTL)信息、服务类型(TOS)信息和比特位转发入口路由器标识(BFIR-ID)中的一项或多项。
在第三方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述BIER流表的动作集包括：压入BIER头、弹出BIER头、压入BIER-MPLS头、交换BIER-MPLS头、弹出BIER-MPLS头和设置比特位串信息中的一项或多项；所述BIER流表的动作集还包括：设置熵值信息、设置TOS信息和减少TTL信息中的一项或多项。
在第三方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述生成模块生成的BIER网络的转发信息包括：组播流信息和BIER出口节点集合信息，或者网络中每 个转发设备的BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER出口节点集合信息和网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息。
在第三方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述信息传输装置还包括：获取模块，配置为能够在所述生成模块生成所述BIER网络的转发信息之前，获取BIER网络信息，其中，所述BIER网络信息包括：所述BIER网络的转发设备信息、网络拓扑信息和所述BIER网络的组播叠加层信息中的一项或多项；
所述获取模块配置为能够通过以下方式获取BIER网络信息：
配置为能够从应用平台APP中获取所述BIER网络信息；或者，
配置为能够通过所述控制平台与所述转发设备之间的接口，获取所述BIER网络信息；或者，
配置为能够通过所述控制平台与其它管理或控制器平台之间的接口，获取所述BIER网络信息。
根据第三方面、第三方面的第一种到第六种可能的实现方式中任意一种，在第七种可能的实现方式中，所述信息传输装置还包括：侦听模块和更新模块；
所述侦听模块，配置为能够侦听第一控制消息，其中，所述第一控制消息为第一转发设备服务的组播接收设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，所述第一转发设备发送的；
所述更新模块，配置为能够根据所述侦听模块侦听到的第一控制消息更新所述BIER网络的转发信息；
所述发送模块，还配置为能够根据所述更新模块更新后的BIER网络的转发信息通过OpenFlow协议向入口转发设备发送更新后的BIER流表。
根据第三方面、第三方面的第一种到第六种可能的实现方式中任意一种，在第八种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：侦听模块和更新模块；
所述侦听模块，配置为能够侦听第二控制消息，其中，所述第二控制消息为第二转发设备服务的组播源设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，所述第二转发设备发送的；
所述更新模块，配置为能够根据所述侦听模块侦听到的第二控制消息增加BIER网络的转发信息；
所述发送模块，还配置为能够根据所述更新模块增加的BIER网络的转发信息向所述第二转发设备发送增加的BIER流表。
根据第三方面、第三方面的第一种到第六种可能的实现方式中任意一种，在第九种可能的实现方式中，所述控制平台为：SDN控制器；或者，所述控制平台作为独立的功能实体嵌入在SDN控制器中；或者，OpenFlow控制器作为插件嵌入在所述控制平台中。
第四方面，本发明实施例提供一种信息传输装置，设置于转发设备上，所述信息传输装置包括：接收模块和发送模块；
所述接收模块，配置为能够通过OpenFlow协议接收控制平台根据BIER网络的转发信息发送的BIER流表；
所述发送模块，配置为能够根据所述接收模块接收的BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行转发。
在第四方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述BIER流表包括：组播流信息和BIER信息，或者BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER信息和BIER转发信息。
根据第四方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述组播流信息包括：组播源信息、组播组信息和用于标识组播流特征的信息中的一项或多项；所述BIER信息包括比特位串(BitString)，所述比特位串为BIER出口转发设备的集合所形成的；所述BIER转发信息包括比特位串信息。
根据第四方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述BIER转发信息还包括：BIER的子域信息、比特位串长度信息和集标识信息中的一项或多项，或者BIER多协议标签交换(BIER-MPLS)标签信息；所述BIER转发信息还包括：熵值信息、生存时间(TTL)信息、服务类型(TOS)信息和比特位转发入口路由器标识(BFIR-ID)中的一项或多项。
在第四方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述BIER流表的动作集包括： 压入BIER头、弹出BIER头、压入BIER-MPLS头、交换BIER-MPLS头、弹出BIER-MPLS头和设置比特位串信息中的一项或多项；所述BIER流表的动作集还包括：设置熵值信息、设置TOS信息和减少TTL信息中的一项或多项。
在第四方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述BIER网络的转发信息包括：组播流信息和BIER出口节点集合信息，或者网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER出口节点集合信息和网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息。
根据第四方面、第四方面的第一种到第五种可能的实现方式中任意一种，在第六种可能的实现方式中，所述信息传输装置配置于第一转发设备中，其中，所述发送模块，还配置为能够在所述第一转发设备服务的组播接收设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，向所述控制平台发送第一控制消息，其中，所述第一控制消息用于指示所述控制平台更新所述BIER网络的转发信息；
入口转发设备配置的信息传输装置中，所述接收模块，还配置为能够通过OpenFlow协议接收所述控制平台根据更新后的BIER网络的转发信息向所述入口转发设备发送的更新的BIER流表；所述发送模块，还配置为能够根据所述接收模块接收到的更新的BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行转发。
根据第四方面、第四方面的第一种到第五种可能的实现方式中任意一种，在第七种可能的实现方式中，所述信息传输装置配置于第二转发设备中，其中，所述发送模块，还配置为能够在所述第二转发设备服务的组播源设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，向所述控制平台发送第二控制消息，其中，所述第二控制消息用于指示所述控制平台增加BIER网络的转发信息；
所述接收模块，还配置为能够通过OpenFlow协议接收所述控制平台根据所增加的BIER网络的转发信息向所述第二转发设备发送的新增BIER流表。
根据第四方面、第四方面的第一种到第五种可能的实现方式中任意一种，在第八种可能的实现方式中，所述转发设备包括：物理路由器、物理交换机、虚拟路由器或者虚拟交换机。
第五方面，本发明实施例提供一种数据传输系统，包括：控制平台和多 个转发设备；其中，所述控制平台中设置有如上述第三方面中任一项所述的信息传输装置，每个所述转发设备中设置有如上述第四方面中任一项所述的信息传输装置。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现上述第一方面中任一项所述的信息传输方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现上述第二方面中任一项所述的信息传输方法。
本发明实施例提供的信息传输方法、装置和系统，控制平台通过生成BIER网络的转发信息，从而根据生成的BIER网络的转发信息并通过OpenFlow协议向转发设备发送BIER流表，从而指示转发设备根据BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行组播发送；本发明实施例通过向转发设备发送BIER流表的方式，实现了在网络拓扑不变的情况下增加组播流，仅更改入口转发设备中的BIER流表即可，本发明实施例解决了相关OpenFlow技术进行组播报文的转发方式，由于需要在每台转发设备上为每条流建立对应的流表和组表，从而导致表项占用空间较大和转发效率较低的问题。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
附图用来提供对本申请技术方案的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本申请的技术方案，并不构成对本申请技术方案的限制。
图1为相关技术中的一种OpenFlow协议和OpenFlow配置协议的应用示意图；
图2为相关技术中的一种采用OpenFlow流水线执行报文转发的示意图；
图3为相关BIER技术中的一种网元构架示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种信息传输方法的流程图；
图5为图4所示实施例提供的数据传输方式中的一种应用场景示意图；
图6为图4所示实施例提供的数据传输方式中的另一种应用场景示意图；
图7为图4所示实施例提供的数据传输方式中的又一种应用场景示意图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的另一种信息传输方法的流程图；
图9为图8所示实施例提供的数据传输方式中的一种应用场景示意图；
图10为本发明实施例提供的又一种信息传输方法的流程图；
图11为图10所示实施例提供的数据传输方式中的一种应用场景示意图；
图12为本发明实施例提供的再一种信息传输方法的流程图；
图13为本发明实施例提供的再一种信息传输方法的流程图；
图14为本发明实施例提供的再一种信息传输方法的流程图；
图15为本申请实例一提供的一种信息传输方法的应用场景示意图；
图16为本申请实例二提供的一种信息传输方法的应用场景示意图；
图17为本申请实例三提供的一种信息传输方法的应用场景示意图；
图18为本发明实施例提供的一种信息传输装置的结构示意图；
图19为本发明实施例提供的另一种信息传输装置的结构示意图；
图20为本发明实施例提供的又一种信息传输装置的结构示意图；
图21为本发明实施例提供的一种数据传输系统的结构示意图。
本发明的实施方式
下文中将结合附图对本发明实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
在附图的流程图示出的步骤可以在诸如一组计算机可执行指令的计算机系统中执行。并且，虽然在流程图中示出了逻辑顺序，但是在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤。
首先介绍SDN中基于OpenFlow流表的报文转发方式，OpenFlow协议的核心部分是用于OpenFlow协议信息结构的集合，OpenFlow流表或经过编 排的多个流表级联而成管道，包括入口多级流表和出口多级流表，用来配置OpenFlow转发设备的转发路径，如图2所示，为相关技术中的一种采用OpenFlow流水线执行报文转发的示意图。如表2所示，为相关技术中一种流表的流表项。
表2
Match Fields Priority Counters Instruction Timeouts Cookie Flags
匹配字段 优先级 计数器 指令集 老化时间 非透明数值 标识
如上述表2所示，流表的流表项通常包括匹配字段、优先级、计数器和指令集等字段信息，其中，Match Fields是报文匹配的输入关键字，用于OpenFlow转发设备匹配一条流表，计数器是用于管理用的各种统计信息，指令集(Instructions)是指对报文的操作指令，包括动作集(Action Set)：丢弃、转发报文到指定端口、设置报文头部字段值、增加封装标签、跳转报文到下一级流表、执行组表流程等，动作集和每个报文相关联，报文在流水线的多个流表之间传递并被每个流表的指令所修改，直到流水线结束或被匹配命中的流表的指令要求执行动作集时，动作集中的所有动作才被执行。
上述背景技术中已经说明基于OpenFlow流表的组播报文的转发方式存在浪费表项空间和转发效率较低的问题。目前，国际互联网工程任务组(The Internet Engineering Task Force，简称：IETF)开始研究一种组播报文的转发技术，即比特位索引显示复制(Bit Index Explicit Replication，简称为：BIER)技术，如图3所示，为相关BIER技术中的一种网元构架示意图。该BIER技术的核心思想是：将网络中的节点都只用一个BIT位来表示，组播报文在网络中传输，不是以组播IP包形式呈现，而是封装在一个特定的BIER头，BIER头中直接或者间接的包括BIER基本信息和比特位串(BitString)信息，例如，BIER基本信息可以直接包括子域(Sub-domain)信息，比特位串长度(BitStringLength)信息和集标识(Set Identifier)信息这三个要素信息，再例如，BIER基本信息也可以间接通过标签的方式唯一标识上述三个要素信息)；其中，BIER基本信息用于定位到比特位索引转发表(Bit Index Forwarding Table，简称为：BIFT)，BitString信息标注了该组播报文的所有目的节点，中间节点根据BIER头中的信息查找BIFT进行路由，保障组播报 文能够发送到所有目的节点。在组播网络拓扑不变的情况下，BIFT不变，也就是说BIFT是基于网络拓扑的转发，不是基于流的转发，无论有多少报文，只会影响头节点上的转发表项，不会影响其他转发设备上的组播转发表，因此，即使在有组播接收设备或组播源设备动态加入网络时，也只需要更新头节点的BIFT。
本发明实施例针对相关OpenFlow技术中的组播报文的转发方式中的弊端，提出一种在OpenFlow技术中基于BIER技术中的组播报文的转发方式，从而在网络流量灵活控制的前提下，实现组播报文的高效转发，并降低表项空间。
下面通过实施例对本申请的技术方案进行详细说明，本申请以下实施例中的控制平台可以为SDN控制器；或者，控制平台可以作为独立的功能实体嵌入在SDN控制器中，并且该控制平台作为独立的功能实体和开放流OpenFlow控制器协同工作；或者，OpenFlow控制器作为插件嵌入在本发明实施例的控制平台中；本申请以下实施例中的转发设备例如可以为OpenFlow转发设备，例如包括：物理路由器、物理交换机、虚拟路由器或者虚拟交换机。本申请提供的以下几个实施例可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例不再赘述。
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种信息传输方法的流程图。本实施例提供的信息传输方法适用于在SDN网络中对组播报文进行转发的情况中，该方法可以由信息传输装置执行，该信息传输装置通过硬件和软件结合的方式来实现，该装置可以集成在控制平台的处理器中，供处理器调用使用。如图4所示，本实施例的方法可以包括：
步骤S110，控制平台生成BIER网络的转发信息。
本发明实施例提供的信息传输方法，在SDN网络中基于BIER技术的转发形式对组播报文进行转发，通过BIER流表执行组播报文的转发操作，因此，控制平台首先可以获取BIER网络信息，该BIER网络信息可以包括BIER网络的转发设备信息、网络拓扑信息和BIER网络的组播叠加层信息中的一项或多项。本实施例中的控制平台在获取到BIER网络信息后，可以根据该BIER网络信息生成BIER网络的转发信息，该BIER网络的转发信息可以包 括：组播流信息和BIER出口节点集合信息，或者网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER出口节点集合信息和网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息。
步骤S120，控制平台根据BIER网络的转发信息通过OpenFlow协议向转发设备发送BIER流表。
本实施例中的BIER流表不同于相关技术中的OpenFlow流表，上述已经说明BIER组播报文的转发过程中，封装在BIER头中的BIER基本信息用于定位BIFT，BitString标注了BIER组播报文的所有出口转发设备；因此，本实施例中控制平台发送的BIER流表中包括与BIER网络的转发信息相应的信息。本实施例中控制平台发送给转发设备的BIER流表包括：组播流信息和BIER信息，或者BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER信息和BIER转发信息。可以看出，该BIER流表中的信息内容与控制平台生成的BIER网络的转发信息的内容对应。
需要说明的是，BIER网络的转发信息中，组播流信息和BIER信息仅发送给入口转发设备，例如为比特位转发入口路由器(Bit Forwarding Ingress Router，简称为：BFIR)，其中，组播流信息包括：组播源信息、组播组信息和用于标识组播流特征的信息中的一项或多项；BIER信息包括比特位串(BitString)，该比特位串为BIER出口转发设备的集合所形成的。另外，BIER转发信息发送给每台转发设备，例如为比特位转发路由器(Bit Forwarding Router，简称为：BFR)。
本发明实施例中的BIER流表是通过BIER网络的转发信息生成的，也就是说，组播报文在转发设备之间的传输，不是以组播IP包形式传输，而是封装在特定的BIER头中，因此，中间转发设备可以根据BIER头中的信息查找BIER流表并进行路由，并且BIER头中的信息还标注了组播报文的所有出口转发设备，即，可以保证组播报文能够转发到所有出口转发设备。
本实施例中的信息传输方法，在执行组播报文发送的网络拓扑和流不变的情况下，任意转发设备中的BIER流表都不需要改变，即控制平台也不需要更新BIER流表；另外，即便是增加网络中需要发送的组播报文，也仅会影响入口转发设备中的BIER流表，不会影响其他转发设备中的BIER流表， 即控制平台仅更新入口转发设备中的BIER流表就可以实现对不同流的发送。相比于相关OpenFlow技术中基于流的组表转发方式，在很大程度上减少了流表占用的系统空间，并且可以提高组播报文的转发效率。
需要说明的是，本实施例中控制平台发送BIER流表，可以是在转发设备接收组播报文前预先执行的操作，也可以是在转发设备接收到组播报文，且没有匹配到BIER流表的情况下，向控制平台上报待转发的组播报文的相关信息，随后由控制平台向转发设备发送更新的BIER流表。
本实施例提供的信息传输方法，控制平台通过生成BIER网络的转发信息，从而根据生成的BIER网络的转发信息并通过OpenFlow协议向转发设备发送BIER流表，从而指示转发设备根据BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行组播发送；本实施例通过向转发设备发送BIER流表的方式，实现了在网络拓扑不变的情况下增加组播流，仅更改入口转发设备中的BIER流表即可，本实施例解决了相关OpenFlow技术进行组播报文的转发方式，由于需要在每台转发设备上为每条流建立对应的流表和组表，从而导致表项占用空间较大和转发效率较低的问题。
在本实施例中，控制平台可以通过BIER网络信息生成BIER网络的转发信息，即上述实施例在步骤S110之前，所述方法还包括：控制平台获取BIER网络信息，该BIER网络信息包括：BIER网络的转发设备信息、网络拓扑信息和BIER网络的组播叠加层信息中的一项或多项。本实施例在实现中，控制平台获取BIER网络信息的方式可以为：控制平台从应用平台(Application，简称为：APP)中获取BIER网络信息。本实施例中的BIER网络信息例如可以通过APP的图形用户界面(Graphical User Interface，简称为：GUI)下发给控制平台，再例如，该BIER网络信息还可以通过APP与控制平台之间的RESTful接口进行下发。如图5所示，为图4所示实施例提供的数据传输方式中的一种应用场景示意图。图5所示实施例中的控制平台作为独立的功能实体嵌入在SDN控制器中，并和OpenFlow控制器协同工作。
在本实施例的另一种可能的实现方式中，控制平台获取BIER网络信息的方式还可以为：控制平台通过控制平台与转发设备之间的接口，获取BIER网络信息。本实施例中OpenFlow控制器与转发设备之间的接口即为使用 OpenFlow协议的接口。如图6所示，为图4所示实施例提供的数据传输方式中的另一种应用场景示意图。图6中的实线箭头为控制平台向转发设备发送BIER流表的报文方向，虚线箭头为控制平台获取BIER网络信息的报文方向。图6所示实施例中的OpenFlow控制器作为插件嵌入在控制平台中。
在本实施例的又一种可能的实现方式中，控制平台获取BIER网络信息的方式还可以为：控制平台通过该控制平台与其它管理或控制器平台之间的接口，获取BIER网络信息。本实施例中其它管理或控制器例如可以是OpenFlow配置点、边界网关链路状态协议(Border Gateway Protocol Label Switching，简称为：BGP_LS)或路径计算元协议(Path Computation Element Protocol，简称为：PCEP)控制器。如图7所示，为图4所示实施例提供的数据传输方式中的又一种应用场景示意图，图7所示实施例中的OpenFlow控制器同样作为插件嵌入在控制平台中。
可选地，图8为本发明实施例提供的另一种信息传输方法的流程图。在上述图4所示实施例的基础上，本实施例提供的方法还包括：
步骤S130，控制平台侦听第一控制消息，该第一控制消息为第一转发设备服务的组播接收设备请求加入到BIER网络时，该第一转发设备发送的。
如图9所示，为图8所示实施例提供的数据传输方式中的一种应用场景示意图。图9所示应用场景中，OpenFlow控制器同样作为插件嵌入在控制平台中，OpenFlow转发设备5为第一转发设备，即为出口转发设备，组播接收设备2请求动态加入到BIER网络，也需要接收组播源设备1发送的组播报文时，靠近组播接收设备2的OpenFlow转发设备5通过OpenFlow控制消息发送该组播接收设备2动态加入到OpenFlow控制器，或者OpenFlow转发设备5可以通过其他控制消息上送到相应的控制器，然后由该控制器反馈组播接收设备2动态加入到控制平台。
步骤S140，控制平台根据第一控制消息更新BIER网络的转发信息。
步骤S150，控制平台根据更新后的BIER网络的转发信息通过OpenFlow协议向入口转发设备发送更新后的BIER流表。
在本实施例中，控制平台发现有新的组播接收设备(即组播接收设备2)动态加入后，可以根据加入的组播接收设备2的信息更新BIER网络的转发 信息，并且根据更新后的BEIR网络的转发信息向入口转发设备发送更新后的BIER流表。由于组播接收设备的加入影响了组播报文的出口转发节点，因此需要更新BIER流表，并且进行更新入口转发设备(即OpenFlow转发设备1)上的BIER流表。
需要说明的是，本实施例不限制步骤S130至步骤S150与上述实施例中步骤S110和步骤S120的执行顺序，步骤S130至步骤S150可以是在步骤S110和步骤S120之前执行的，也可以是在步骤S110和步骤S120之后执行的，图8所示实施例以步骤S130至步骤S150在步骤S120之后执行为例予以示出。
可选地，图10为本发明实施例提供的又一种信息传输方法的流程图。在上述图4所示实施例的基础上，本实施例提供的方法还包括：
步骤S130，控制平台侦听第二控制消息，该第二控制消息为第二转发设备服务的组播源设备请求加入到BIER网络时，该第二转发设备发送的。
如图11所示，为图10所示实施例提供的数据传输方式中的一种应用场景示意图。图11所示应用场景中，OpenFlow转发设备3为第二转发设备(即为入口OpenFlow转发设备)，组播源设备2请求动态加入到BIER网络，也需要发送组播报文到组播接收设备1和组播接收设备2时，靠近组播源设备2的OpenFlow转发设备3可以通过OpenFlow控制消息上送该组播源设备的信息到OpenFlow控制器，或者OpenFlow转发设备3可以通过其他控制消息上送到相应的控制器，然后由此控制器反馈组播源设备2动态加入信息到控制平台。
步骤S140，控制平台根据第二控制消息增加BIER网络的转发信息。
步骤S150，控制平台根据所增加的BIER网络的转发信息通过OpenFlow协议向第二转发设备发送增加的BIER流表。
在本实施例中，控制平台在获知组播源设备2动态加入BIER网络且需要发送组播报文后，发现有组播接收设备1和组播接收设备2需要接收组播源设备2发送的组播报文，因此，需要增加组播源设备2发送组播报文的入口OpenFlow转发设备(即OpenFlow转发设备3)上的BIER流表。
需要说明的是，本实施例不限制步骤S130至步骤S150与上述实施例中步骤S110和步骤S120的执行顺序，步骤S130至步骤S150可以是在步骤S110和步骤S120之前执行的，也可以是在步骤S110和步骤S120之后执行的，图10所示实施例以步骤S130至步骤S150在步骤S110和步骤S120之后执行为例予以示出。
通过上述图8和图10所示实施例可以看出，当有组播接收设备或者组播源设备动态加入BIER网络时，仅需要更新入口转发设备中的BIER流表，也仅需要发送更新的BIER流表，相比于相关OpenFlow中，只要有组播接收设备或者组播源设备动态加入BIER网络，就需要重新更新所有OpenFlow转发设备上的流表和组表，并且需要下发流表和组表到每个OpenFlow转发设备的更新方式来说，本实施例提供的信息传输方法降低了流表更新的范围和内容，有利于减少流表占用的空间，并且可以有效提高组播报文的转发效率。
本发明实施例在实现中，通过OpenFlow协议下发的BIER流表，与相关OpenFlow技术中的流表的内容不同，因此需要扩展OpenFlow协议支持具有BIER网络的转发信息的BIER流表的下发。相关技术中的开放流实验者信息(OpenFlow Experimenter Message)消息格式如下所示：
/*Experimenter extension message.*/
struct ofp_experimenter_msg{
struct ofp_header header；/*Type OFPT_EXPERIMENTER.*/
uint32_t experimenter；/*Experimenter ID:
uint32_t exp_type；/*Experimenter defined.*/
uint8_t experimenter_data[0]；/*Experimenter-defined arbitrary additional data.*/
}；
OFP_ASSERT(sizeof(struct ofp_experimenter_msg)＝＝16)；
为了执行支持BIER头信息的下发，为OpenFlow控制器给支持BIER转发的OpenFlow转发设备之间提供接口，可以对OpenFlow转发设备上用于 BIER转发的流表进行各种操作。例如在上述OpenFlow Experimenter Message中新定义一个Experimenter ID。
相应地，提供Experimenter扩展的相应OpenFlow对象，即流表也需要进行扩展，OpenFlow控制器生成的流表中包括：扩展的匹配字段(OpenFlow Extensible Match，简称为：OXM)、动作集、队列调度和错误码通告等。
其中，需要扩展的OXM中需要增加定义BIER头中包括的信息，即BIER转发信息包括：BIER的子域信息(Sub-domain)、比特位串长度(BitStringLength)信息、集标识(Set Identifier)信息和比特位串(BitString)信息，或者BIER多协议标签交换(Multi-Protocol Label Switching，简称为：MPLS)标签信息，即BIER-MPLS标签信息和比特位串(BitString)信息；另外，BIER转发信息还包括：熵值(Entropy)信息、生存时间(Time To Live，简称为：TTL)信息、服务类型(Type Of Service，简称为：TOS)信息和比特位转发入口路由器(Bit Forwarding Ingress Router，简称为：BFIR)标识(即BFIR-ID)中的一项或多项。其中，Flow Match field需要支持BIER头信息中的匹配，特别是BIER Sub-domain、BitStringLength信息、Set Identifier信息和BitString信息，因此对OXM Experimenter Flow Match的扩展定义如下fields：
enum oxm_ofb_experimenter_bierh_match{
OXM_OF_BIERH_Subdomain_ID＝0,/*Match Subdomain in BIERH*/
OXM_OF_BIERH_BitStringLength＝1,/*Match BSL in BIERH*/
OXM_OF_BIERH_Set_Identifier＝2,/*Match SI in BIERH*/
OXM_OF_BIERH_BitString＝3,/*Match BitString in BIERH*/
OXM_OF_BIERH_MPLS_Label＝4,/*Match MPLS Label for BIER*/
OXM_OF_BIERH_Entropy＝5,/*Match Entropy in BIERH*/
OXM_OF_BIERH_TOS＝6,/*Match TOS in BIERH*/
OXM_OF_BIERH_BFIR-id＝7,/*Match BFIR-id in BIERH*/
}；
可选地，扩展的动作集，即BIER流表的动作集包括：压入BIER头(Push BIER Header)、弹出BIER头(Pop BIER Header)、压入BIER-MPLS头(Push BIER-MPLS)、交换BIER-MPLS头(Swap BIER-MPLS)、弹出BIER-MPLS头(Pop BIER-MPLS)和设置比特位串信息(Set BitString)中的一项或多项；另外，BIER流表的动作集还可以包括：设置熵值信息(Set Entropy)、设置TOS信息(Set TOS)和减少TTL信息(Decrement TTL)中的一项或多项。其中，扩展定义如下：
enum ofp_experimenter_bierh_action{
OFPAT_PUSH_BIERH＝0,/*Push BIERH onto packet*/
OFPAT_POP_BIERH＝1,/*Pop BIERH off packet*/
OFPAT_SET_BitString＝2,/*Set BitString*/
OFPAT_PUSH_MPLS＝3,/*Push MPLS*/
OFPAT_SWAP_MPLS＝4,/*Swap MPLS*/
OFPAT_POP_MPLS＝5,/*Pop MPLS*/
OFPAT_SET_Entropy＝6,/*Set Entropy*/
OFPAT_SET_TOS＝7,/*Set TOS*/
OFPAT_DEC_TTL＝8，/*Decrement TTL*/
}；
BIER流表的动作集在应用中，不同的动作在不同的转发设备上执行，可以为如下：
1、Push BIER头的动作在BIER域内入口转发设备上执行，完成Push BIER头操作后，开始执行BIER报文的转发；
2、Pop BIER头的动作在BIER域内出口转发设备上执行，弹出BIER头的操作后，完成BIER报文的转发，进行普通的组播转发；
3、Set BitString的动作在转发设备上都被执行。
另外，BIER-MPLS相关的动作应用在BIER-MPLS转发过程中，执行方式如下：
1、Push MPLS头的动作在BIER域内入口转发设备上执行，完成Push MPLS头操作后，开始执行BIER-MPLS报文的转发；
2、Pop MPLS头的动作在BIER域内出口转发设备上执行，完成Pop MPLS头操作后，完成BIER-MPLS报文的转发，进行普通的组播转发；
3、Swap MPLS头的动作在中间转发设备上都被执行。
图12为本发明实施例提供的再一种信息传输方法的流程图。本实施例提供的信息传输方法适用于在SDN网络中对组播报文进行转发的情况中，该方法可以由信息传输装置执行，该信息传输装置通过硬件和软件结合的方式来实现，该装置可以集成在转发设备的处理器中，供处理器调用使用。如图12所示，本实施例的方法可以包括：
步骤S210，转发设备通过OpenFlow协议接收控制平台根据BIER网络的转发信息发送的BIER流表。
本发明实施例提供的信息传输方法，在SDN网络中基于BIER技术的转发形式对组播报文进行转发，通过BIER流表执行组播报文的转发操作，因此，转发设备在转发组播报文前，需要通过OpenFlow协议接收控制平台下发的BIER流表，且该BIER流表为控制平台根据BIER网络的转发信息下发的。上述实施例中已经说明本发明实施例中的BIER流表不同于相关技术中的OpenFlow流表。
在本实施例中，BIER网络的转发信息可以包括：组播流信息和BIER出口节点集合信息，或者网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER出口节点集合信息和网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息；本实施例的BIER网络的转发信息为控制平台根据BIER网络信息生成的，该BIER网络信息可以包括BIER网络的转发设备信息、网络拓扑信息和BIER网络的组播叠加层信息中的一项或多项。
本实施例中转发设备接收到的BIER流表中包括与BIER网络的转发信息相应的信息，该BIER流表包括：组播流信息和BIER信息，或者BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER信息和BIER转发信息。可以看出，该BIER流表中的信息内容与控制平台生成的BIER网络的转发信息的内容对应。
需要说明的是，BIER网络的转发信息中，只有入口转发设备可以接收到控制平台发送的组播流信息和BIER信息，其中，组播流信息包括：组播源信息、组播组信息和用于标识组播流特征的信息中的一项或多项；BIER信息包括比特位串(BitString)，该比特位串为BIER出口转发设备的集合所形成的。另外，每台转发设备都可以接收到控制平台发送的BIER转发信息。
步骤S220，转发设备根据BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行转发。
本实施例的应用基础为OpenFlow技术，转发设备对组播报文执行的各项操作同样需要依据转发设备中的BIER流表，即转发设备接收到控制平台通过OpenFlow南向协议发送的BIER流表，随后，接收到组播报文时可以在转发设备中进行BIER流表匹配、处理组播报文和转发组播报文都是依据流表执行处理的。与相关技术不同的是，由于本发明实施例中转发设备接收到的流表是BIER流表，具有BIER网络的转发信息。也就是说，组播报文在中间转发设备间的传输，不是以组播IP包形式传输，而是封装在特定的BIER头中，类似于BIER转发方式中封装的BIER头，因此，中间转发设备可以根据BIER头中的信息查找流表并进行路由，并且BIER头中的信息还标注了组播报文的所有出口转发设备，即，可以保证组播报文能够转发到所有出口转发设备。
本实施例中的信息传输方法，在执行组播报文发送的网络拓扑和流不变的情况下，任意转发设备中的BIER流表都不需要改变，即控制平台也不需要更新BIER流表；另外，即便是增加网络中需要发送的组播报文，也仅会影响入口转发设备中的BIER流表，不会影响其他转发设备中的BIER流表，即控制平台仅更新入口转发设备中的BIER流表就可以实现对不同流的发送。相比于相关OpenFlow技术中基于流的组表转发方式，在很大程度上减少了流表占用的系统空间，并且可以提高组播报文的转发效率。
需要说明的是，本实施例中转发设备接收控制平台发送BIER流表的步骤，可以是在转发设备接收组播报文前预先接收到的，也可以是在转发设备接收到组播报文，且没有匹配到BIER流表的情况下，向控制平台上报待转发的组播报文的相关信息，随后由控制平台向转发设备发送更新的BIER流表。
本实施例提供的信息传输方法，转发设备通过OpenFlow协议接收控制平台根据BIER网络的转发信息发送的BIER流表，从而转发设备可以根据接收到的BIER流表对接收的组播报文进行转发，其中，BIER网络的转发信息为控制平台根据BIER网络信息生成的；本实施例通过转发设备接收BIER流表的方式，实现了在网络拓扑不变的情况下增加组播流，仅更改入口转发设备中的BIER流表即可，本实施例解决了相关OpenFlow技术进行组播报文的转发方式，由于需要在每台转发设备上为每条流建立对应的流表和组表，从而导致表项占用空间较大和转发效率较低的问题。
本发明实施例在实现中，控制平台在生成BIER流表前，同样需要获取BIER网络信息，获取的方式同样可以为控制平台从APP中获取BIER网络信息；还可以为控制平台通过OpenFlow控制器与转发设备之间的接口，获取BIER网络信息；还可以为控制平台通过该控制平台与其它管理或控制器平台之间的接口，获取BIER网络信息。本实施例中控制平台获取BIER网络信息的各种方式和应用场景均与上述实施例相同，同样可以参照图5到图7所示的应用场景，故在此不再赘述。
可选地，图13为本发明实施例提供的再一种信息传输方法的流程图。在上述图12所示实施例的基础上，本实施例提供的方法还包括：
步骤S230，第一转发设备服务的组播接收设备请求加入到BIER网络时，该第一转发设备向控制平台发送第一控制消息，该第一控制消息用于指示控制平台更新BIER网络的转发信息。
本实施例同样可以参照图9所示应用场景，本实施例中的第一转发设备在网络中的位置(即为出口转发设备)，以及该第一转发设备发送第一控制消息的方式和应用实例均与上述实施例相同，故在此不再赘述。
步骤S240，入口转发设备通过OpenFlow协议接收所述控制平台根据更新后的BIER网络的转发信息向所述入口转发设备发送的更新的BIER流表。
步骤S250，入口转发设备根据更新的BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行转发。
需要说明的是，本实施例不限制步骤S230至步骤S250与上述实施例中步骤S210和步骤S220的执行顺序，步骤S230至步骤S250可以是在步骤 S210和步骤S220之前执行的，也可以是在步骤S210和步骤S220之后执行的，图13所示本实施例以步骤S230至步骤S250在步骤S210和步骤S220之后执行为例予以示出。
可选地，图14为本发明实施例提供的再一种信息传输方法的流程图。在上述图12所示实施例的基础上，本实施例提供的方法还包括：
步骤S230，第二转发设备服务的组播源设备请求加入到BIER网络时，该第二转发设备向控制平台发送第二控制消息，该第二控制消息用于指示所述控制平台增加BIER网络的转发信息。
本实施例同样可以参照图11所示应用场景，本实施例中的第二转发设备在网络中的位置(即为入口转发设备)，以及该二转发设备发送第二控制消息的方式和应用实例均与上述实施例相同，故在此不再赘述。
步骤S240，第二转发设备通过OpenFlow协议接收控制平台根据所增加的BIER网络的转发信息向第二转发设备发送的新增BIER流表。
步骤S250，第二转发设备根据新增的BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行转发。
需要说明的是，本实施例不限制步骤S230至步骤S250与上述实施例中步骤S210和步骤S220的执行顺序，步骤S230至步骤S250可以是在步骤S210和步骤S220之前执行的，也可以是在步骤S210和步骤S220之后执行的，图14所示本实施例以步骤S230至步骤S250在步骤S220之后执行为例予以示出。
通过上述图13和图14所示实施例可以看出，当有组播接收设备或者组播源设备动态加入BIER网络时，仅需要更新入口转发设备中的BIER流表，也仅需要发送更新的BIER流表，相比于相关OpenFlow中，只要有组播接收设备或者组播源设备动态加入BIER网络，就需要重新更新所有OpenFlow转发设备上的流表和组表，并且需要下发流表和组表到每个OpenFlow转发设备的更新方式来说，本实施例提供的信息传输方法降低了流表更新的范围和内容，有利于减少流表占用的空间，并且可以有效提高组播报文的转发效率。
本实施例在实现中，通过OpenFlow协议接收的BIER流表，与相关OpenFlow技术中的流表的内容不同，因此需要扩展OpenFlow协议支持BIER相关信息的流表下发。本实施例中对OpenFlow Experimenter Message消息的扩展，对转发设备接收到的BIER流表中每个流表项的扩展，均与上述实施例相关，故在此不再赘述。
以下通过一些实例详细说明本实施例提供的信息传输方法的应用场景和应用方式。
实例一
图15为本申请实例一提供的一种信息传输方法的应用场景示意图。图15是本申请的控制平台通过OpenFlow协议发送BIER流表中的组播流信息和BIER信息的示意图。如图15所示，控制平台根据组播流信息和BIER出口转发设备(即BFER)集合信息，通过OpenFlow协议向BIER域内的入口转发设备(即BFIR)发送包含组播流信息和BIER信息的BIER流表。
实例二
图16为本申请实例二提供的一种信息传输方法的应用场景示意图。图16是本申请的控制平台通过OpenFlow协议发送BIER流表中的BIER转发信息的示意图。如图16所示，控制平台根据网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息，通过OpenFlow协议向BIER域内每个转发设备(即BFR)发送包含BIER转发信息的BIER流表。
需要说明的是，控制平台还可以根据组播流信息和BIER出口转发设备信息，以及网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息，通过OpenFlow协议向BIER域内入口节点转发设备(即BFIR)发送包含组播流信息和BIER信息的BIER流表，以及向每个转发设备(即BFR)发送包含BIER转发信息的BIER流表。
实例三
图17为本申请实例三提供的一种信息传输方法的应用场景示意图。如图17所示，本实施例为基于BIER基本信息查找流表的组播报文的转发方式，控制平台已下发包含BIER基本信息的BIER流表到网络中的每个OpenFlow 转发设备，例如，OpenFlow转发设备1作为组播源设备的入口OpenFlow转发设备，其上的多级BIER流表包括组播流信息和BIER信息，以及BIER转发信息，该OpenFlow转发设备1上的多级BIER流表分别如下表3到表5所示：
表3，OpenFlow转发设备1的第一级BIER流表1
Figure PCTCN2016095729-appb-000001
表4，OpenFlow转发设备1的第二级BIER流表2
Figure PCTCN2016095729-appb-000002
表5，OpenFlow转发设备1的第三级BIER流表3
Figure PCTCN2016095729-appb-000003
OpenFlow转发设备2作为中间OpenFlow转发设备，其上的多级BIER流表包括BIER转发信息，该OpenFlow转发设备2上的多级BIER流表分别如下表6和表7所示：
表6，OpenFlow转发设备2的第一级BIER流表1
Figure PCTCN2016095729-appb-000004
表7，OpenFlow转发设备1的第二级BIER流表2
Figure PCTCN2016095729-appb-000005
OpenFlow转发设备3、OpenFlow转发设备4和OpenFlow转发设备5作为出口OpenFlow转发设备，其上的多级BIER流表包括BIER转发信息，这些OpenFlow转发设备上的多级BIER流表分别如表6和表8所示，其中，第一级BIER流表与上述表6相同，
表8，出口OpenFlow转发设备的第二级BIER流表2
Figure PCTCN2016095729-appb-000006
图17所示实施例在实现中，当OpenFlow转发设备1接收到组播报文时，判断该报文属于哪个VPN-ID，若VPN-ID缺省为0，则可知该报文是公网组播报文。则每个OpenFlow转发设备上的处理流程如下：
入口OpenFlow转发设备，即OpenFlow转发设备1根据组播报文中的源地址和目的组地址查找BIER流表1(表3)，命中后，Push BIER Header，Goto到流表2进一步流水线处理；继续匹配流表2中的BIER Sub-domain、 BitStringLength信息和Set Identifier信息，匹配成功后，Goto到流表3进一步流水线处理；继续匹配BIER流表3中的BitString信息，将BIER头中的BitString信息和匹配BIER流表3(表5)的BitString信息相与，用相与后的结果更新BitString信息，然后复制一份更新的组播报文，Output该组播报文到OpenFlow转发设备2；进一步地，取反上述相与的结果，进一步和原BIER头中的BitString信息相与，用本次的相与的结果更新BitString信息，然后复制一份更新的组播报文，Goto该组播报文到BIER流表3重复处理，Output更新后组播报文到OpenFlow转发设备3；继续执行BIER流表3的动作，发现相与完后，BitString为0，则丢弃报文。
中间OpenFlow转发设备，即OpenFlow转发设备点2收到组播报文，根据组播报文中的Sub-domain，BitStringLength信息和Set Identifier信息查找BIER流表1(表6)，命中后，Goto到BIER流表2进一步流水线处理；继续匹配BIER流表2中的BitString信息，将BIER头中的BitString信息和匹配BIER流表2(表7)的BitString信息相与，用相与后的结果更新BitString信息，然后复制一份更新的组播报文，Output该组播报文到OpenFlow转发设备4；进一步地，取反上述相与的结果，和原BIER头中的BitString信息相与，发现相与完后，BitString为0，则丢弃报文。
出口OpenFlow转发设备，即OpenFlow转发设备3和OpenFlow转发设备4收到组播报文，根据组播报文中的Sub-domain，BitStringLength信息和Set Identifier信息查找BIER流表1(表6)，命中后，Goto到BIER流表2(表8)进一步流水线处理，Pop出BIER Header，Output该组播报文。
实例四
图17同样可以为本申请实例四提供的一种信息传输方法的应用场景示意图。如图17所示，本实施例为基于BIER-MPLS查找流表的组播报文的转发方式，控制平台已下发包含BIER-MPLS的流表到网络中的每个OpenFlow转发设备，例如，OpenFlow转发设备1作为组播源设备的入口OpenFlow转发设备，其上的多级流表包括组播流信息和BIER信息，以及BIER转发信息，该OpenFlow转发设备1上的多级BIER流表分别如下表9到表11所示：
表9，OpenFlow转发设备1的第一级BIER流表1
Figure PCTCN2016095729-appb-000007
表10，OpenFlow转发设备1的第二BIER级流表2
Figure PCTCN2016095729-appb-000008
表11，OpenFlow转发设备1的第三级BIER流表3
Figure PCTCN2016095729-appb-000009
OpenFlow转发设备2作为中间OpenFlow转发设备，其上的多级BIER流表包括BIER转发信息，该OpenFlow转发设备2上的多级BIER流表分别如下表12和表13所示：
表12，OpenFlow转发设备2的第一级BIER流表1
Figure PCTCN2016095729-appb-000010
表13，OpenFlow转发设备1的第二级BIER流表2
Figure PCTCN2016095729-appb-000011
OpenFlow转发设备3、OpenFlow转发设备4和OpenFlow转发设备5作为出口OpenFlow转发设备，其上的多级BIER流表包括BIER转发信息，这些OpenFlow转发设备上的多级BIER流表分别如表12和表14所示，其中，第一级流表与上述表12相同，
表14，出口OpenFlow转发设备的第二级BIER流表2
Figure PCTCN2016095729-appb-000012
图17所示实施例在实现中，当OpenFlow转发设备1接收到组播报文时，判断该报文属于哪个VPN-ID，若VPN-ID缺省为0，则可知该报文是公网组播报文。则每个OpenFlow转发设备上的处理流程如下：
入口OpenFlow转发设备，即OpenFlow转发设备1根据组播报文中的源地址和目的组地址查找BIER流表1(表9)，命中后，Push BIER Header，Push BIER-MPLS头，Goto到流表2进一步流水线处理；继续匹配BIER流表2(表10)中的BIER-MPLS信息，匹配成功后，Goto到BIER流表3进一步流水线处理；继续匹配BIER流表3中的BitString信息，将BIER头中的BitString信息和匹配BIER流表3(表11)的BitString信息相与，用相与 后的结果更新BitString信息，然后复制一份更新的组播报文，Output该组播报文到OpenFlow转发设备2；进一步地，取反上述相与的结果，进一步和原BIER头中的BitString信息相与，用本次的相与的结果更新BitString信息，然后复制一份更新的组播报文，Goto该组播报文到BIER流表3重复处理，Output更新后组播报文到OpenFlow转发设备3；继续执行BIER流表3的动作，发现相与完后，BitString为0，则丢弃报文。
中间OpenFlow转发设备，即OpenFlow转发设备2收到组播报文，根据组播报文中的BIER-MPLS信息查找BIER流表1(表12)，命中后，Goto到BIER流表2进一步流水线处理；继续匹配BIER流表2中的BitString信息，将BIER头中的BitString信息和匹配BIER流表2(表13)的BitString信息相与，用相与后的结果更新BitString信息，Swap BIER-MPLS，然后复制一份更新的组播报文，Output该组播报文到OpenFlow转发设备4；进一步地，取反上述相与的结果，和原BIER头中的BitString信息相与，发现相与完后，BitString为0，则丢弃报文。
出口OpenFlow转发设备，即OpenFlow转发设备3和OpenFlow转发设备4收到组播报文，根据组播报文中的BIER-MPLS信息查找BIER流表1(表12)，命中后，Goto到BIER流表2(表14)进一步流水线处理，Pop出BIER-MPLS头，Pop出BIER Header，Output该组播报文。
图18为本发明实施例提供的一种信息传输装置的结构示意图。本实施例提供的信息传输装置适用于在SDN网络中对组播报文进行转发的情况中，该信息传输装置通过硬件和软件结合的方式来实现，该装置可以集成在控制平台的处理器中，供处理器调用使用。如图18所示，本实施例的信息传输装置包括：相连接的生成模块11和发送模块12。
生成模块11，配置为能够生成BIER网络的转发信息。
本发明实施例提供的信息传输装置，在SDN网络中基于BIER技术的转发形式对组播报文进行转发，通过BIER流表执行组播报文的转发操作，因此，控制平台首先可以获取BIER网络信息，该BIER网络信息同样可以包括BIER网络的转发设备信息、网络拓扑信息和BIER网络的组播叠加层信息中的一项或多项。本实施例中的获取模块在获取到BIER网络信息后，可 以根据该BIER网络信息生成BIER网络的转发信息，该BIER网络的转发信息可以包括：组播流信息和BIER出口节点集合信息，或者网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER出口节点集合信息和网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息。
发送模块12，配置为能够根据生成模块11生成的BIER网络的转发信息通过OpenFlow协议向转发设备发送BIER流表。
本实施例中的BIER流表不同于相关技术中的OpenFlow流表，上述已经说明BIER组播报文的转发过程中，本实施例中发送模块发送给转发设备的BIER流表包括：组播流信息和BIER信息，或者BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER信息和BIER转发信息。可以看出，该BIER流表中的信息内容与控制平台生成的BIER网络的转发信息的内容对应。
需要说明的是，BIER网络的转发信息中，组播流信息和BIER信息仅发送给入口转发设备，例如为比特位转发入口路由器(Bit Forwarding Ingress Router，简称为：BFIR)，其中，组播流信息包括：组播源信息、组播组信息和用于标识组播流特征的信息中的一项或多项；BIER信息包括比特位串BitString，该比特位串为BIER出口转发设备的集合所形成的。另外，BIER转发信息发送给每台转发设备，例如为比特位转发路由器(Bit Forwarding Router，简称为：BFR)。
本发明实施例中的BIER流表是通过BIER网络的转发信息生成的，也就是说，组播报文在转发设备之间的传输，不是以组播IP包形式传输，而是封装在特定的BIER头中，因此，中间转发设备可以根据BIER头中的信息查找BIER流表并进行路由，并且BIER头中的信息还标注了组播报文的所有出口转发设备，即，可以保证组播报文能够转发到所有出口转发设备。
本发明实施例提供的信息传输装置用于执行图4所示实施例提供的信息传输方法，具备相应的功能模块，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
本实施例的信息传输装置还包括：与生成模块11相连接的获取模块13，配置为能够在生成模块11生成所述BIER网络的转发信息之前，获取BIER网络信息，并且该获取模块13获取BIER网络信息的方式，例如可以为：配 置为能够从应用平台APP中获取BIER网络信息；还可以为：配置为能够通过控制平台与每个转发设备之间的接口，获取BIER网络信息；还可以为：配置为能够通过控制平台与其它管理或控制器平台之间的接口，获取BIER网络信息。本实施例中获取模块13获取BIER网络信息的各种方式和应用场景均与上述实施例相同，同样可以参照图5到图7所示的应用场景，故在此不再赘述。
可选地，图19为本发明实施例提供的另一种信息传输装置的结构示意图。在上述图18所示实施例的基础上，本实施例提供的装置还包括：相连接的侦听模块14和更新模块15，更新模块15还与发送模块12相连接；其中，侦听模块14，配置为能够侦听第一控制消息，第一控制消息为第一转发设备服务的组播接收设备请求加入到BIER网络时，第一转发设备发送的；更新模块15，配置为能够根据侦听模块14侦听到的第一控制消息更新BIER网络的转发信息；发送模块12，还配置为能够根据更新模块15更新后的BIER网络的转发信息通过OpenFlow协议向入口转发设备发送更新后的BIER流表。
本实施例同样可以参照图9所示应用场景，本实施例中的第一转发设备在网络中的位置(即为出口转发设备)，以及该第一转发设备发送第一控制消息的方式和应用实例均与上述实施例相同，故在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，本实施例不限制侦听模块14侦听到第一控制消息与上述实施例中发送模块12发送BIER流表的执行顺序，该第一控制消息可以是在发送模块12发送BIER流表之前执行的，也可以是在发送模块12发送BIER流表之后执行的。
本发明实施例提供的信息传输装置用于执行图8所示实施例提供的信息传输方法，具备相应的功能模块，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
在本实施例的另一种可能的实现方式中，图19所示实施例中的侦听模块14，配置为能够侦听第二控制消息，该第二控制消息为第二转发设备服务的组播源设备请求加入到BIER网络时，第二转发设备发送的；相应地，更新模块15，配置为能够根据侦听模块14侦听到的第二控制消息增加BIER网络的转发信息；发送模块12，还配置为能够根据更新模块15增加的BIER 网络的转发信息向第二转发设备发送增加的BIER流表。
本实施例同样可以参照图11所示应用场景，本实施例中的第二转发设备在网络中的位置(即为入口转发设备)，以及该二转发设备发送第二控制消息的方式和应用实例均与上述实施例相同，故在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，本实施例不限制侦听模块14接收第二控制消息与上述实施例中发送模块12发送BIER流表的执行顺序，该第二控制消息可以是在发送模块12发送BIER流表之前执行的，也可以是在发送模块12发送BIER流表之后执行的。
本发明实施例提供的信息传输装置用于执行图10所示实施例提供的信息传输方法，具备相应的功能模块，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
本发明实施例在实现中，通过OpenFlow协议下发的BIER流表，与相关OpenFlow技术中的流表的内容不同，因此需要扩展OpenFlow协议支持具有BIER网络的转发信息的BIER流表的下发。本实施例中对OpenFlow Experimenter Message消息的扩展，对转发设备接收到的BIER流表中流表项的扩展，均与上述实施例相关，故在此不再赘述。
在实现中，图18和图19所示的实施例中的发送模块12和侦听模块14可以通过控制平台中的收发器来实现，生成模块11、获取模块13和更新模块15可以通过控制平台的处理器来实现，该处理器例如可以是一个中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，简称为：CPU)，或者是特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，简称为：ASIC)，或者是完成实施本发明实施例的一个或多个集成电路。
图20为本发明实施例提供的又一种信息传输装置的结构示意图。本实施例提供的信息传输装置适用于在SDN网络中对组播报文进行转发的情况中，该信息传输装置通过硬件和软件结合的方式来实现，该装置可以集成在转发设备的处理器中，供处理器调用使用。如图20所示，本实施例的信息传输装置包括：相连接的接收模块21和发送模块22。
其中，接收模块21，配置为能够通过OpenFlow协议接收控制平台根据BIER网络的转发信息发送的BIER流表。
本发明实施例提供的信息传输装置，在SDN网络中基于BIER技术的转发形式对组播报文进行转发，通过BIER流表执行组播报文的转发操作，因此，转发设备在转发组播报文前，需要通过OpenFlow协议接收控制平台下发的BIER流表，且该BIER流表为控制平台根据BIER网络的转发信息下发的。上述实施例中已经说明本发明实施例中的BIER流表不同于相关技术中的OpenFlow流表。
在本实施例中，BIER网络的转发信息可以包括：组播流信息和BIER出口节点集合信息，或者网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER出口节点集合信息和网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息；本实施例的BIER网络的转发信息为控制平台根据BIER网络信息生成的，该BIER网络信息可以包括BIER网络的转发设备信息、网络拓扑信息和BIER网络的组播叠加层信息中的一项或多项。
本实施例中转发设备接收到的BIER流表中包括与BIER网络的转发信息相应的信息，该BIER流表包括：组播流信息和BIER信息，或者BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER信息和BIER转发信息。可以看出，该BIER流表中的信息内容与控制平台生成的BIER网络的转发信息的内容对应。
需要说明的是，BIER网络的转发信息中，只有入口转发设备可以接收到控制平台发送的组播流信息和BIER信息，其中，组播流信息包括：组播源信息、组播组信息和用于标识组播流特征的信息中的一项或多项；BIER信息包括比特位串(BitString)，该比特位串为BIER出口转发设备的集合所形成的。另外，每台转发设备都可以接收到控制平台发送的BIER转发信息。
发送模块22，配置为能够根据接收模块21接收的BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行转发。
本发明本实施例的应用基础为OpenFlow技术，发送模块22对组播报文执行的各项操作同样需要依据转发设备中的BIER流表，即接收模块21接收到控制平台通过OpenFlow南向协议发送的BIER流表后，随后，接收到组播报文时可以在转发设备中进行BIER流表匹配、处理组播报文和转发组播报文都是依据流表执行处理的。与相关技术不同的是，由于本发明实施例中接收模块21接收到的流表是BIER流表，具有BIER网络的转发信息。也就是 说，组播报文在中间转发设备间的传输，不是以组播IP包形式传输，而是封装在特定的BIER头中，类似于BIER转发方式中封装的BIER头，因此，中间转发设备可以根据BIER头中的信息查找流表并进行路由，并且BIER头中的信息还标注了组播报文的所有出口转发设备，即，可以保证组播报文能够转发到所有出口转发设备。
本实施例中的信息传输装置，在执行组播报文发送的网络拓扑和流不变的情况下，任意转发设备中的BIER流表都不需要改变，即控制平台也不需要更新BIER流表；另外，即便是增加网络中需要发送的组播报文，也仅会影响入口转发设备中的BIER流表，不会影响其他转发设备中的BIER流表，即控制平台仅更新入口转发设备中的BIER流表就可以实现对不同流的发送。相比于相关OpenFlow技术中基于流的组表转发方式，在很大程度上减少了流表占用的系统空间，并且可以提高组播报文的转发效率。
本发明实施例提供的信息传输装置用于执行图12所示实施例提供的信息传输方法，具备相应的功能模块，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
本发明实施例在实现中，控制平台在生成BIER流表前，同样需要获取BIER网络信息，获取的方式同样可以为控制平台从APP中获取BIER网络信息；还可以为控制平台通过该控制平台与转发设备之间的接口，获取BIER网络信息；还可以为控制平台器通过控制平台与其它管理或控制器平台之间的接口，获取BIER网络信息。本实施例中控制平台获取BIER网络信息的各种方式和应用场景均与上述实施例相同，同样可以参照图5到图7所示的应用场景，故在此不再赘述。
可选地，在本发明实施例的一种可能的实现方式中，第一转发设备中配置的信息传输装置中的发送模块22，还配置为能够在第一转发设备服务的组播接收设备请求加入到BIER网络时，向控制平台发送第一控制消息，第一控制消息用于指示控制平台更新BIER网络的转发信息；相应地，入口转发设备中配置的信息传输装置中，接收模块21，还配置为能够通过OpenFlow协议接收控制平台根据更新后的BIER网络的转发信息向入口转发设备发送更新的BIER流表；发送模块22，还配置为能够根据接收模块接收到的更新 的BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行转发。
本实施例同样可以参照图9所示应用场景，本实施例中的第一转发设备在网络中的位置(即为出口转发设备)，以及该第一转发设备发送第一控制消息的方式和应用实例均与上述实施例相同，故在此不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供的信息传输装置用于执行图13所示实施例提供的信息传输方法，具备相应的功能模块，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
在本发明实施例的另一种可能的实现方式中，第二转发设备中配置的信息传输装置中的发送模块22，还配置为能够在第二转发设备服务的组播源设备请求加入到BIER网络时，向控制平台发送第二控制消息，第二控制消息用于指示控制平台增加BIER网络的转发信息；相应地，该第二转发设备中配置的信息传输装置中的接收模块21，还配置为能够通过OpenFlow协议接收控制平台根据所增加的BIER网络的转发信息向第二转发设备发送的新增BIER流表。
本实施例同样可以参照图11所示应用场景，本实施例中的第二转发设备在网络中的位置(即为入口转发设备)，以及该二转发设备发送第二控制消息的方式和应用实例均与上述实施例相同，故在此不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供的信息传输装置用于执行图14所示实施例提供的信息传输方法，具备相应的功能模块，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
本发明实施例在实现中，通过OpenFlow协议接收的BIER流表，与相关OpenFlow技术中的流表的内容不同，因此需要扩展OpenFlow协议支持BIER相关信息的流表下发。本实施例中对OpenFlow Experimenter Message消息的扩展，对转发设备接收到的BIER流表中每个流表项的扩展，均与上述实施例相关，故在此不再赘述。
在实现中，图20所示的实施例中的接收模块21和发送模块22可以通过转发设备中的收发器来实现。
图21为本发明实施例提供的一种数据传输系统的结构示意图。本实施例 提供的数据传输系统适用于在SDN网络中对组播报文进行转发的情况中，该数据传输系统包括：控制平台31和多个转发设备32；其中，控制平台31中设置有如上述图18和图19所示的实施例中的信息传输装置，每个转发设备32中设置有如上述图20所示的实施例中的信息传输装置。本实施例的信息传输系统中的每个网元执行数据传输的方式，与上述图18到图20所示实施例中对应网元执行数据传输的方式相同，同样用于执行图4到图17所示任一实施例提供的信息传输方法，具备相应的实体装置，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现应用于控制平台的上述信息传输方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现应用于转发设备的上述信息传输方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序来指令相关硬件(例如处理器)完成，所述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中，如只读存储器、磁盘或光盘等。可选地，上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用一个或多个集成电路来实现。相应地，上述实施例中的各模块/单元可以采用硬件的形式实现，例如通过集成电路来实现其相应功能，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现，例如通过处理器执行存储于存储器中的程序/指令来实现其相应功能。本发明实施例不限制于任何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
虽然本申请所揭露的实施方式如上，但所述的内容仅为便于理解本申请而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本申请。任何本申请所属领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本申请所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化，但本申请的专利保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。
工业实用性
本申请实施例提供一种信息传输方法、装置及系统，通过向转发设备发送BIER流表的方式，实现了在网络拓扑不变的情况下增加组播流，仅更改入口转发设备中的BIER流表即可；解决了相关OpenFlow技术进行组播报文的转发方式，由于需要在每台转发设备上为每条流建立对应的流表和组表，从而导致表项占用空间较大和转发效率较低的问题。

Claims (39)

  1. 一种信息传输方法，包括：
    控制平台生成比特位索引显示复制BIER网络的转发信息；
    所述控制平台根据所述BIER网络的转发信息通过开放流OpenFlow协议向转发设备发送BIER流表。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述BIER流表包括：组播流信息和BIER信息，或者BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER信息和BIER转发信息。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，
    所述组播流信息包括：组播源信息、组播组信息和用于标识组播流特征的信息中的一项或多项；
    所述BIER信息包括比特位串BitString，所述比特位串为BIER出口转发设备的集合所形成的；
    所述BIER转发信息包括：比特位串信息。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述BIER转发信息还包括：BIER的子域信息、比特位串长度信息和集标识信息中的一项或多项，或者BIER多协议标签交换BIER-MPLS标签信息；
    所述BIER转发信息还包括：熵值信息、生存时间TTL信息、服务类型TOS信息和比特位转发入口路由器标识BFIR-ID中的一项或多项。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述BIER流表的动作集包括：压入BIER头、弹出BIER头、压入BIER多协议标签交换BIER-MPLS头、交换BIER-MPLS头、弹出BIER-MPLS头和设置比特位串信息中的一项或多项；
    所述BIER流表的动作集还包括：设置熵值信息、设置服务类型TOS信息和减少生存时间TTL信息中的一项或多项。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述控制平台生成的BIER网络的转发信息包括：组播流信息和BIER出口节点集合信息，或者网络中每个 转发设备的BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER出口节点集合信息和网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，所述控制平台生成所述BIER网络的转发信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述控制平台获取BIER网络信息，所述BIER网络信息包括：所述BIER网络的转发设备信息、网络拓扑信息和所述BIER网络的组播叠加层信息中的一项或多项；
    其中，所述控制平台获取BIER网络信息，包括：
    所述控制平台从应用平台APP中获取所述BIER网络信息；或者，
    所述控制平台通过所述控制平台与所述转发设备之间的接口，获取所述BIER网络信息；或者，
    所述控制平台通过所述控制平台与其它管理或控制器平台之间的接口，获取所述BIER网络信息。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    所述控制平台侦听第一控制消息，所述第一控制消息为第一转发设备服务的组播接收设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，所述第一转发设备发送的；
    所述控制平台根据所述第一控制消息更新所述BIER网络的转发信息；
    所述控制平台根据更新后的BIER网络的转发信息通过OpenFlow协议向入口转发设备发送更新后的BIER流表。
  9. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    所述控制平台侦听第二控制消息，所述第二控制消息为第二转发设备服务的组播源设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，所述第二转发设备发送的；
    所述控制平台根据所述第二控制消息增加BIER网络的转发信息；
    所述控制平台根据所增加的BIER网络的转发信息通过OpenFlow协议向所述第二转发设备发送增加的BIER流表。
  10. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述控制平台为：软件定义网络SDN控制器；或者，所述控制平台作为独立的功能实体嵌入在 SDN控制器中；或者，OpenFlow控制器作为插件嵌入在所述控制平台中。
  11. 一种信息传输方法，包括：
    转发设备通过开放流OpenFlow协议接收控制平台根据比特位索引显示复制BIER网络的转发信息发送的BIER流表；
    所述转发设备根据所述BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行转发。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述BIER流表包括：组播流信息和BIER信息，或者BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER信息和BIER转发信息。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，
    所述组播流信息包括：组播源信息、组播组信息和用于标识组播流特征的信息中的一项或多项；
    所述BIER信息包括比特位串BitString，所述比特位串为BIER出口转发设备的集合所形成的；
    所述BIER转发信息包括比特位串信息。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中，所述BIER转发信息还包括：BIER的子域信息、比特位串长度信息和集标识信息中的一项或多项，或者BIER多协议标签交换BIER-MPLS标签信息；
    所述BIER转发信息还包括：熵值信息、生存时间TTL信息、服务类型TOS信息和比特位转发入口路由器标识BFIR-ID中的一项或多项。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述BIER流表的动作集包括：压入BIER头、弹出BIER头、压入BIER多协议标签交换BIER-MPLS头、交换BIER-MPLS头、弹出BIER-MPLS头和设置比特位串信息中的一项或多项；
    所述BIER流表的动作集还包括：设置熵值信息、设置服务类型TOS信息和减少生存时间TTL信息中的一项或多项。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述BIER网络的转发信息包括：组播流信息和BIER出口节点集合信息，或者网络中每个转发设备的BIER 转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER出口节点集合信息和网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息。
  17. 根据权利要求11至16中任一项所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    第一转发设备服务的组播接收设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，所述第一转发设备向所述控制平台发送第一控制消息，所述第一控制消息用于指示所述控制平台更新所述BIER网络的转发信息；
    入口转发设备通过OpenFlow协议接收所述控制平台根据更新后的BIER网络的转发信息向所述入口转发设备发送的更新的BIER流表；
    所述入口转发设备根据所述更新的BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行转发。
  18. 根据权利要求11至16中任一项所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    第二转发设备服务的组播源设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，所述第二转发设备向所述控制平台发送第二控制消息，所述第二控制消息用于指示所述控制平台增加BIER网络的转发信息；
    所述第二转发设备通过OpenFlow协议接收所述控制平台根据所增加的BIER网络的转发信息向所述第二转发设备发送的新增BIER流表。
  19. 根据权利要求11至16中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述转发设备包括：物理路由器、物理交换机、虚拟路由器或者虚拟交换机。
  20. 一种信息传输装置，设置于控制平台中，所述信息传输装置包括：生成模块和发送模块；
    所述生成模块，配置为能够生成比特位索引显示复制BIER网络的转发信息；
    所述发送模块，配置为能够根据所述生成模块生成的BIER网络的转发信息通过开放流OpenFlow协议向转发设备发送BIER流表。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其中，所述BIER流表包括：
    组播流信息和BIER信息，或者BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER信息和BIER转发信息。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其中，
    所述组播流信息包括：组播源信息、组播组信息和用于标识组播流特征的信息中的一项或多项；
    所述BIER信息包括比特位串BitString，所述比特位串为BIER出口转发设备的集合所形成的；
    所述BIER转发信息包括比特位串信息。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其中，所述BIER转发信息还包括：BIER的子域信息、比特位串长度信息和集标识信息中的一项或多项，或者BIER多协议标签交换BIER-MPLS标签信息；
    所述BIER转发信息还包括：熵值信息、生存时间TTL信息、服务类型TOS信息和比特位转发入口路由器标识BFIR-ID中的一项或多项。
  24. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其中，所述BIER流表的动作集包括：压入BIER头、弹出BIER头、压入BIER多协议标签交换BIER-MPLS头、交换BIER-MPLS头、弹出BIER-MPLS头和设置比特位串信息中的一项或多项；
    所述BIER流表的动作集还包括：设置熵值信息、设置服务类型TOS信息和减少生存时间TTL信息中的一项或多项。
  25. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其中，所述生成模块生成的BIER网络的转发信息包括：组播流信息和BIER出口节点集合信息，或者网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER出口节点集合信息和网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息。
  26. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，所述信息传输装置还包括：获取模块，配置为能够在所述生成模块生成所述BIER网络的转发信息之前，获取BIER网络信息，其中，所述BIER网络信息包括：所述BIER网络的转发设备信息、网络拓扑信息和所述BIER网络的组播叠加层信息中的一项或多项；
    其中，所述获取模块配置为能够通过以下方式获取BIER网络信息：
    配置为能够从应用平台APP中获取所述BIER网络信息；或者，
    配置为能够通过所述控制平台与所述转发设备之间的接口，获取所述 BIER网络信息；或者，
    配置为能够通过所述控制平台与其它管理或控制器平台之间的接口，获取所述BIER网络信息。
  27. 根据权利要求20至26中任一项所述的装置，所述信息传输装置还包括：侦听模块和更新模块；
    所述侦听模块，配置为能够侦听第一控制消息，其中，所述第一控制消息为第一转发设备服务的组播接收设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，所述第一转发设备发送的；
    所述更新模块，配置为能够根据所述侦听模块侦听到的第一控制消息更新所述BIER网络的转发信息；
    所述发送模块，还配置为能够根据所述更新模块更新后的BIER网络的转发信息通过OpenFlow协议向入口转发设备发送更新后的BIER流表。
  28. 根据权利要求20至26中任一项所述的装置，所述装置还包括：侦听模块和更新模块；
    所述侦听模块，配置为能够侦听第二控制消息，其中，所述第二控制消息为第二转发设备服务的组播源设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，所述第二转发设备发送的；
    所述更新模块，配置为能够根据所述侦听模块侦听到的第二控制消息增加BIER网络的转发信息；
    所述发送模块，还配置为能够根据所述更新模块增加的BIER网络的转发信息向所述第二转发设备发送增加的BIER流表。
  29. 根据权利要求20至26中任一项所述的装置，其中，所述控制平台为：软件定义网络SDN控制器；或者，所述控制平台作为独立的功能实体嵌入在SDN控制器中；或者，OpenFlow控制器作为插件嵌入在所述控制平台中。
  30. 一种信息传输装置，设置于转发设备上，所述信息传输装置包括：接收模块和发送模块；
    所述接收模块，配置为能够通过开放流OpenFlow协议接收控制平台根 据比特位索引显示复制BIER网络的转发信息发送的BIER流表；
    所述发送模块，配置为能够根据所述接收模块接收的BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行转发。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其中，所述BIER流表包括：
    组播流信息和BIER信息，或者BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER信息和BIER转发信息。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的装置，其中，
    所述组播流信息包括：组播源信息、组播组信息和用于标识组播流特征的信息中的一项或多项；
    所述BIER信息包括比特位串BitString，所述比特位串为BIER出口转发设备的集合所形成的；
    所述BIER转发信息包括比特位串信息。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的装置，其中，所述BIER转发信息还包括：BIER的子域信息、比特位串长度信息和集标识信息中的一项或多项，或者BIER多协议标签交换BIER-MPLS标签信息；
    所述BIER转发信息还包括：熵值信息、生存时间TTL信息、服务类型TOS信息和比特位转发入口路由器标识BFIR-ID中的一项或多项。
  34. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其中，所述BIER流表的动作集包括：压入BIER头、弹出BIER头、压入BIER多协议标签交换BIER-MPLS头、交换BIER-MPLS头、弹出BIER-MPLS头和设置比特位串信息中的一项或多项；
    所述BIER流表的动作集还包括：设置熵值信息、设置服务类型TOS信息和减少生存时间TTL信息中的一项或多项。
  35. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其中，所述BIER网络的转发信息包括：组播流信息和BIER出口节点集合信息，或者网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息，或者组播流信息、BIER出口节点集合信息和网络中每个转发设备的BIER转发信息。
  36. 根据权利要求30至35中任一项所述的装置，其中，所述信息传输装置配置于第一转发设备中，其中，所述发送模块，还配置为能够在所述第一转发设备服务的组播接收设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，向所述控制平台发送第一控制消息，其中，所述第一控制消息用于指示所述控制平台更新所述BIER网络的转发信息；
    入口转发设备配置的信息传输装置中，所述接收模块，还配置为能够通过OpenFlow协议接收所述控制平台根据更新后的BIER网络的转发信息向所述入口转发设备发送的更新的BIER流表；所述发送模块，还配置为能够根据所述接收模块接收到的更新的BIER流表对接收到的组播报文进行转发。
  37. 根据权利要求30至35中任一项所述的装置，其中，所述信息传输装置配置于第二转发设备中，其中，所述发送模块，还配置为能够在所述第二转发设备服务的组播源设备请求加入到所述BIER网络时，向所述控制平台发送第二控制消息，其中，所述第二控制消息用于指示所述控制平台增加BIER网络的转发信息；
    所述接收模块，还配置为能够通过OpenFlow协议接收所述控制平台根据所增加的BIER网络的转发信息向所述第二转发设备发送的新增BIER流表。
  38. 根据权利要求30至35中任一项所述的装置，其中，所述转发设备包括：物理路由器、物理交换机、虚拟路由器或者虚拟交换机。
  39. 一种数据传输系统，包括：控制平台和多个转发设备；
    其中，所述控制平台中设置有如权利要求20至29中任一项所述的信息传输装置，每个所述转发设备中设置有如权利要求30至38中任一项所述的信息传输装置。
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