WO2017153613A1

WO2017153613A1 - Modular system for generating electricity and assembly comprising same

Info

Publication number: WO2017153613A1
Application number: PCT/ES2016/070141
Authority: WO
Inventors: Pablo Carballo Rodriguez
Original assignee: Ralentizadores Y Transformaciones, S.A.
Priority date: 2016-03-07
Filing date: 2016-03-07
Publication date: 2017-09-14

Abstract

The invention relates to a modular system for generating electricity, comprising a plurality of permanent magnet rotors (5) rigidly coupled to a shaft (1), and a plurality of stators (6). Each rotor (5) has an associated pair of stators (6) on each side, which are assembled radially and axially at different distances in relation to the shaft (1), with same being grouped in a uniform manner. In addition, various modular generators can be coupled to one another, whether sharing the shaft (1) or via transmission belts, clutches and/or gears.

Description

MODULAR SYSTEM TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY AND ASSEMBLY THAT

UNDERSTANDS

DESCRIPTION

The present invention pertains to the generation of energy, specifically refers to a generating system that is based on the use of magnets with a special arrangement that takes advantage of the magnetic field that is transformed into electrical energy with the rotating movement.

Background of the invention or State of the Art The manufacture of generators using current technology, the magnetic circuit of the inductor assembly with their respective alternative N-S poles, is performed using only one face of the rotor to close the magnetic circuit.

There are embodiments that incorporate a fixed central stator with operating coils on both sides and the assembly is completed with two rotors consisting of permanent magnets one on each side of the stator. This generator has the disadvantage of having to move two rotors per generator, with a considerable inertia factor.

On the other hand, they do not usually have modularity in their design, which is not very versatile. Increasing the size of the magnets leads to problems due to the increase in the magnetic flux since it especially makes installation difficult. Besides, they can present problems to start and start moving since the permanent magnets that are always acting need to be counteracted simultaneously.

The object of the invention is a modular system for generating electricity that improves the problems and limitations observed in the state of the art.

A permanent magnet generator is extended radially and axially for this purpose. On the other hand, the proposed technology makes it possible to take advantage of the entire magnetic circuit, that is, in both directions effectively. With this, the performance is doubled and the added advantage of a decrease in volume, weight and constituent components is achieved.

These advantages and improvements come mainly from using a generator that incorporates a radial rotor formed with permanent magnet poles assembled circularly, with the creation of the magnetic field on both sides of the rotor, and with the closure of the magnetic circuit through the stators conveniently located on each side of said rotor. The rotor is made of non-magnetic material.

The increase in radiating modules has a limitation due to the ventilation effect, but not the axial configuration that can have considerable lengths.

In sum, the modular system for generating electricity comprises at least one rotor coupled in solidarity with an axis, where the rotor comprises a plurality of permanent magnets distributed radiantly. It also comprises a plurality of stators where each stator comprises a plurality of radiated distributed coiled cores. The rotor is associated with a pair of stators arranged axially on each side of the rotor, so that at least one group of permanent magnets (51) corresponds to at least one group of coiled cores at the same radial distance. Optionally, when the system includes a plurality of rotors, the system further comprises an intermediate support separating stators associated with different rotors.

Optionally, the intermediate support is floating with respect to the axis and is made of non-magnetic material.

Optionally, it comprises a plurality of groups of permanent magnets and groups of coiled coils associated with each other, with each pair of associated groups arranged at a different radial distance.

Optionally, it comprises a peripheral housing with a plurality of ventilation windows.

Optionally, it comprises a pair of external supports to secure the extreme stators.

Optionally, permanent magnets are installed inside rotor housings with alternating polarities between consecutive radiating magnets. Optionally, the permanent magnets are installed by means of mild iron plates next to each pole of the magnet for fixing. Optionally, permanent magnets are installed in pairs on each side of a central sweet iron plate and with their alternating polarities to facilitate their fixation with mutual magnetic attraction. Optionally, the soft iron plates are fixed to the rotor by welding or screwed.

Optionally, permanent magnets are installed by embedding themselves in rotor housings.

The object of the invention is also an assembly comprising a plurality of modular systems and means for collecting modular systems.

Optionally, the assembly collection means couple modular systems online through having all the same shared axis.

Alternatively, the modular systems are coupled in parallel by means of transmission of the rotation of the axes of the modular systems. Optionally, in the assembly, the transmission means comprise a transmission belt or bearings.

Optionally, the assembly further comprises a clutch to engage the stators selectively.

Brief description of the figures

FIG. V. Section of a generator system with a single module composed of a pair of stators that share a single permanent magnet rotor.

FIG. 2: Modular generator system in three dimensions.

FIG. 3: Section of a generator system with three modules arranged axially.

FIG. 4: Section of a generator system with two modules arranged radially.

FIG. 5: Section of a generator system with two modules arranged radially and three axially.

FIGs. 6A, 8B and 6C: Plant (8 A) and sections of the end support without stator and with stator respectively (6B and 6C). FIGs, 6D and 6E: 3D views corresponding to the F! Gs. 8B and 6C of the end brackets without stator and with stator.

FIGs. 7A, 7B and 7C: Plant (7A) and sections of the floating central support with stators and without stators respectively (7B and 7C).

FIGs. 7D and 7E: 3D views corresponding to FIGs. 7B and 7C of the floating central support without stators and stators.

FIGs, 8A, 8B and 8C: Section of several types of rotors with different assembly of their magnets.

FIG. 8D: 3D view of the rotor with embedded magnets.

FIG. 9: 3D view of the exploded view of the modular assembly.

FIG 10A and 10B: Examples of parallel and in-line assemblies sharing the shaft.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION With reference to the figures, several embodiments are described without limitation.

In FIG. 1 shows an example of a single module generator system in which a rotor 5 occupies the central position with a series of permanent magnets 51 radiated distributed at a given distance. The manner of assembling said permanent magnets 51 in the rotor 5 may vary from one application to another. Examples of different forms of assembly can be seen in FIGs. 8A-8D. In FIG. A and FIG. 8D, permanent magnet plates 51 are embedded inside the rotor 5. In FIG. 8B and 8C are two different arrangements of the poles with sweet iron plates 52.

Returning to FIG. 1, a peripheral housing 7 and end brackets 4 are appreciated that secure the stators 6 in position. Axis 1 joins rotor 5 (several rotors in other embodiments). At the ends of axis 1 a pulley 2 and a drive plate 3 are coupled. According to other assemblies, axial friction clutches 8 (see FIG. 8 D) can be added with movements parallel to axis 1 and can be electromagnetic driven. The shaft 1 is usually composed of a steel alloy, on it the rotor 5 (or rotors) is mounted in solidarity. At its ends and by means of bearings, the peripheral housings 7 are mounted. The rotors 5 are constituted, for example, by stainless steel. The permanent magnet plate or plates are assembled on the same rotor 5 resulting in highly powerful and highly reliable poles.

Advantageously, the poles can be set radiantly to different levels that with their respective stators 8 we obtain one generator per level, that is to say that with one single rotor one or more generators can be configured.

FIG. 4 serves as an example of this variant. It should also be considered that this increase in generators can be achieved by adding more rotors 5 which requires incorporating floating intermediate supports 41 with respect to axis 1 with their respective stators 6, FIG. 3 serves as an example of this other variant as will be seen later.

It is also possible to combine a radial and an axial extension. This can be seen in FIG. 5.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of an extended generator system with several modules located along axis 1. In this embodiment, for intermediate positions, intermediate supports 41 are needed which make the stator holders to be attached to them (eg screwed) and which are floating with respect to axis 1.

These intermediate supports 41 are made of non-magnetic material and have their importance as they help in assembly and installation. They also allow you to precisely set the distance between air gaps between the magnets of the rotor and the adjacent stator. This avoids bearings that are more complicated to place properly without affecting other elements.

In FIG. 4 illustrates another example of an extended generator system this time with several modules located radio-axis with respect to axis 1.

In FIG. 5 illustrates another example of an extended generator system this time with several modules located radially and axially with respect to axis 1.

In FIG. 8 the end support 4 can be seen in greater detail.

In FIG. 7, the intermediate support 41 which is carrier and floating is shown in greater detail.

Plate mounting configuration for pole composition

In FIG. 8A per pole there is only one permanent magnet plate.

In FIG. 8B per pole there is a single permanent magnet plate and two magnetically soft iron extreme plates of high magnetic permeability, in order to properly conduct the flow and achieve higher densities in the air gap than the densities of the permanent magnets themselves. The above is achieved by the effect of understanding or concentration of the flow.

In FIG. SC per pole there are two permanent magnet plates and an intermediate mild iron plate interposed between them.

The incorporation of sweet iron plates facilitates the assembly of permanent magnets since it takes advantage of the magnetic attraction itself. The plates can be welded to the rotor to fix the magnets. They also concentrate the magnetic flux.

Extreme and peripheral closing housings

The two end brackets 4 and the, or the peripheral housings 7 of non-magnetic aluminum close or collect the whole assembly forming a solid structure for the generating system.

On the end brackets 4, the stators 8 are mounted internally. On the other hand and according to applications, the whole assembly can incorporate other elements as a regulator voltage, current rectifier, etc (not shown in the figures). The end supports 4 must have a sufficiently rigid structure so as not to deform axially. This allows to simplify its assembly, which can be done through ball bearings. When the equipment is composed of more than one rotor S, an intermediate support 41 in the form of a floating crown, that is, without bearings, is fitted between both peripheral housings 7. The corresponding stators 6 are mounted on both sides of said intermediate support 41. It turns out that for each rotor 5 added it is required to add an intermediate support 41.

The fixing of this intermediate support 41 is carried out only at its periphery. Thus the axial forces to which this support is subjected are very balanced. The assembly of the peripheral housings 7 plus the end brackets 4 form an envelope where large ventilation windows are formed.

Stator

Fixed part consisting of thin Fe-Si sheets with radial U-shaped grooves (static U) where all the coils are housed in which the variable flow voltage is induced that causes the magnetic field of the permanent magnets assembled in the rotor or rotors depending on the equipment.

The connection will preferably be of fresh phases. In fact, each phase can have several coils connected in series and / or in parallel conveniently located so that the voltages are added and resulting more regular.

This radial configuration gives better air circulation that is greatly favored by the rotation of the rotor or rotors that act as true fans. Permanent magnets

It is necessary to know what application the generator will have and to particularize the design and characteristics of the permanent magnets in each case.

For example, the polar arc must be taken into account as an important parameter motivated to the fact that the number of poles has a direct relationship with the frequency of the voltage to be generated.

The neodymium-earth-boron alloy representing (Nd ₂ Fi ₄ B) with the following characteristics will initially be used as material:

• Remaining induction Br value between 1 and 1, 3 Tesias

· Coerceive field I have a value between 600 and 900 KA / m

• The product (Bm- Hm) maximum approximate value 400 Kj / m ³

• Curie temperature approximately 310 ° C

In order to maintain the stability of the plates they must be subjected to artificial stabilization treatments at elevated temperatures as well as be subjected to short period mechanical vibrations. Numerical references

1 axis

2 Pulley

3 trailing pto.

4 External support.

41 Intermediate support for floating stator holders.

5 Rotor

51 Permanent magnet.

52 Sweet Iron,

6 Stator

7 Peripheral housing.

8 Clutch

Claims

1. Modular system to generate electricity comprising:

- at least one rotor (5) coupled with a shaft (1), where the rotor (5) comprises a plurality of radially distributed permanent magnets (51);

- a plurality of stators (6) where each stator (6) comprises a plurality of winding cores (61, 62) radially distributed;

characterized by:

The rotor (5) is associated with a pair of stators (6) arranged axially on each side of the rotor (5), so that at least one group of permanent magnets (51) corresponds to at least one group of coiled cores (61, 62) at the same radial distance.

2. Modular system for generating electricity according to claim 1, characterized in that, with a plurality of rotors (5), the system comprises an intermediate support (41) separating stators (6) associated with different rotors (5).

3. Modular system for generating electricity according to claim 2, characterized in that the intermediate support (41) is floating with respect to the axis (1) and is made of non-magnetic material.

4. Modular system for generating electricity according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of groups of permanent magnets (51) and groups of coiled cores (61, 62) associated with each other, with each pair of associated groups arranged at a different radial distance.

5. Modular system for generating electricity according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a peripheral housing (7) with a plurality of ventilation windows.

8. Modular system for generating electricity according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a pair of external supports (4) to secure the extreme stators (6).

7. Modular system for generating electricity according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the permanent magnets (51) are installed inside rotor housings (5) with alternating polarities between radially consecutive magnets.

8. Modular system for generating electricity according to claim 7, characterized in that the permanent magnets (51) are installed by means of soft iron plates (52) next to each magnet pole (51) for fixing.

9. Modular system for generating electricity according to claim 7, characterized in that the permanent magnets (51) are installed in pairs on each side of a central sweet iron plate and with their alternating polarities.

10. Modular system for generating electricity according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the mild iron plates (52) are fixed to the rotor (5) by means of: welding or screwing.

11. Modular system for generating electricity according to claim 10, characterized in that the permanent magnets (51) are installed by embedding themselves in rotor housings (5).

12. Assembly comprising a plurality of modular systems according to any one of claims 1 to 11 and means for collecting the modular systems.

13. Assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that the coupling means inline coupling modular systems through sharing the same axis (1).

14. Assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that the modular systems are coupled in parallel by means of transmission of the rotation of the axes (1) of the modular systems,

15. Assembly according to claim 14, characterized in that the transmission means comprise a transmission belt or bearings.

16. Assembly according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that it further comprises a clutch (8) to engage the stators (6) selectively.