WO2017146783A1 - Discovery and paging in new radio-things sidelink - Google Patents

Abstract

Embodiments of a system and method for discovery and paging in new radio-things sidelink are generally described herein. In some embodiments, a nUE (network user equipment) selects a resource unit (RU) of a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) for broadcasting a discovery message, the RU being selected based on a nUE temporary identifier (temp ID) and a mapping between RUs and nUE temp IDs. The nUE encodes for broadcasting of the discovery message to multiple wearable user equipment (wUEs) in the selected RU of the PSDCH. The nUE encodes for broadcasting of discovery content in an available downlink (DL) subframe of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), the discovery content being broadcast to a wUE from among the multiple wUEs for decoding at the wUE and for starting a random access procedure with the nUE.

Description

DISCOVERY AND PAGING IN NEW RADIO-THINGS SIDELINK

PRIORITY CLAIM

[0001] This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to United

States Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62/300,332, filed February 26, 2016, and titled, "5G LTE Wearables Physical Layer Communication Protocol," which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to United States Provisional Patent Application Serial Nos. 62/329,047, filed April 28, 2016, and 62/405,035, filed October 6, 2016, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] Embodiments pertain to wireless communications. Some embodiments relate to discovery and paging in fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) things sidelink.

BACKGROUND

[0003] Wearable user equipment (wUEs), such as fitness trackers, smart watches, smart glasses, etc., are becoming more and more popular. A wUE may communicate with a network user equipment (nUE) or directly with a network. Techniques for allowing a wUE to discover and connect with a nUE may be useful. Thus, there are general needs for systems and methods for discovery and paging in new radio things sidelink. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0004] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an example system architecture for supporting wearable user equipment, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0005] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example paging/ discovery channel, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0006] FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an example discovery method, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0007] FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an example paging method, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0008] FIG. 5 is a functional diagram of a wireless network in accordance with some embodiments.

[0009] FIG. 6 illustrates components of a communication device in accordance with some embodiments.

[0010] FIG. 7 illustrates a block diagram of a communication device in accordance with some embodiments.

[0011] FIG. 8 illustrates another block diagram of a communication device in accordance with some embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The following description and the drawings sufficiently illustrate specific embodiments to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may incorporate structural, logical, electrical, process, and other changes. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in, or substituted for, those of other embodiments. Embodiments set forth in the claims encompass all available equivalents of those claims.

[0013] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system architecture 100 for supporting wearable user equipment. As shown, the system architecture 100 includes a network user equipment (nUE) 110, wearable user equipments (wUEs) 120.1-3, an evolved NodeB (eNB) 130, and an evolved packet core (EPC) 140. The nUE 110 and the wUEs 120 together form a personal area network (PAN) 150. [0014] The nUE 110 is any user equipment capable of communicating with the eNB 130 via an air interface. According to some examples, the nUE 110 is a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a smart watch, etc. According to some examples, the nUE may be a wUE that is capable of communicating with the eNB 130. The nUE 110 has a full infrastructure network access protocol and full control and user plane (C/U-plane) functions.

[0015] Each wUE 120.1-3 includes a wireless interface for

communicating within the PAN ISO. The wUEs 120.1-3 include, in some cases, smart watches, smart glasses, smart headphones, fitness sensors, movement trackers, sleep sensors, etc. Some wUEs 120.1 and 120.2 communicate with the nUE 110. Some wUEs 120.2 and 120.3 communicate with one another. Some wUEs 120.1 communicate directly with the eNB 130. The eNB 130

communicates with the EPC 140 using a SI interface.

[0016] Some aspects of the subject technology are directed to discovery and paging channel design and procedure for fifth generation (SG) new radio (NR.) things in a personal area network that include a nUE and wUEs. Some aspects define a two-operation paging/ discovery method In a first operation, the presence of the paging/ discovery message is indicated in the paging/ discovery channel. In a second operation, the paging/ discovery message is transmitted in the data channel. The paging/ discovery message transmission is embedded in the user data transmission.

[0017] In some aspects, the paging/ discovery channel is transmitted in central physical resource blocks (PRBs) in the first subframe. The paging/ discovery indication is periodically transmitted from a nUE in the paging/ discovery channel. The paging/ discovery channel carries a paging/ discovery indication to indicate whether there will be a paging/ discovery message transmitted in the frame from the nUE or for a wUE. The paging/ discovery indication may include a one-bit indicator indicating whether it is a paging indication or a discovery indication. Each nUE uses a resource unit in the paging/ discovery channel to transmit the paging/ discovery indication. The resource unit used by each nUE is uniquely identified by the nUE unique ID or the nUE temp ID (temporary identifier). [0018] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example paging/ discovery channel 200, in accordance with some embodiments. As shown, the paging/ discovery channel 200 includes multiple subframes, including the first subframe 202. The subframe 202 is divided into beginning PRBs 204, middle PRBs 206, and end PRBs 208. The beginning PRBs 204 include five guard periods (GPs) and a downlink (DL) data block. The end PRBs 208, similarly, include five GPs and a DL data block. The middle PRBs 206 include synchronization signals (SS) 210, broadcast channel (BCH) 212, 6x8 resource units (RUs) 214 to carry 48 paging/ discovery messages, and a guard period (GP) 216.

[0019] In one embodiment, the paging/ discovery indication us transmitted in the middle six PRBs 206 of the first subframe 202 of each frame. The paging/ discovery indication resides in the RUs 214 between symbol #16 and symbol #48. There are 48 RUs 214 in the paging/ discovery channel region, providing 48 transmission instances for orthogonal paging/ discovery messages). In one example, the discovery message transmission periodicity is 320 ms. The paging message transmission periodicity is 80 ms. The paging/ discovery message carries a 10-bit payload defined as follows: paging or discovery indication (0/1, repeated 10 times, 0 for discovery, 1 for paging), scrambled by a 10-bit nUE temp ID (for discovery, the temp ID is generated from the discovery RU index).

[0020] FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an example discovery method 300, in accordance with some embodiments. The discovery method 300 is implemented when the wUE 120 wakes up and starts to search for a nUE 110 to access. Paging (e.g., as discussed in conjunction with FIG. 4) is used when the wUE 120 is in idle mode and has incoming DL traffic.

[0021] At operation 310, the nUE 110 broadcasts a discovery message in the discovery channel. The discovery message is broadcast in a RU selected based on the nUE temp ID. The mapping between the nUE temp ID and the discovery RU is a 1 : 1 mapping. The wUE 120 detects the discovery message. In a close subscribed access implementation, the wUE 120 only detects discovery messages) from a desired nUE 110. In an open access implementation, the wUE 120 can detect any nUEs 110 that are sending the discovery message. [0022] At operation 320, the nUE 110 acquires a resource, such as a RU in a PRB in the next available DL subframe, for transmitting discovery content.

[0023] At operation 330, the nUE 110 transmits (e.g., broadcasts to multiple wUEs, including the wUE 120) the discovery content in the data channel of the acquired PRB. The nUE 110 acquires the PRB resource following the same procedure as DL/uplink (UL) data transmission. The PRB index is used to transmit the discovery content. The nUE 110 indicates, in the DL control channel, the transmission type of the subframe as broadcasting subframe. The broadcasting transmission is addressed to the broadcasting ID. The wUE 120 does not feedback RAS (receiver resource acknowledgement and sounding) channel for the broadcasting subframe. The discovery content includes authentication and security information, such as the nUE 110 media access control (MAC) address, the nUE 110 temp ID, the security key, and the like.

[0024] At operation 340, the wUE 120 checks the authentication information of the nUE. The wUE 120 decodes the nUE 110 discovery content. If the nUE 110 is authenticated, the method 300 continues to operation 3S0. Otherwise, the method 300 ends.

[0025] At operation 350, the wUE 120 starts random access to the authorized nUE 110.

[0026] FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an example paging method 400, in accordance with some embodiments.

[0027] At operation 410, the nUE 110 broadcasts a paging message in the selected RU in the paging/ discovery channel.

[0028] At operation 420, the wUE 120 listens to the nUE 110 DL scheduling upon receiving the paging message. The wUE 120 monitors the paging messaging in the paging RU of the nUE 110. The wUE 120 continues to monitor the control and TAS (transmission resource acquisition and sounding) channel of the following DL subframes when detecting the paging message.

[0029] At operation 430, the nUE 110 schedules a DL data transmission to the wUE. The DL data transmission may be scheduled in the next available

DL subframe.

[0030] At operation 440, the wUE 120 turns into active mode and feedbacks RAS upon receiving the DL data scheduling. If the wUE 120 does nto receive the DL data scheduling within a given time (e.g., defined by the paging timer), the wUE 120 turns back to idle mode.

[0031] At operation 450, the nUE 110 and the wUE 120 start DL/UL data transmission.

[0032] According to some aspects, a nUE unique ID can be mapped to a discovery RU. Given the MAC address of the

out of the 48x32 RUs are used to transmit the paging/discovery channel. The RU index for the k-th nUE can be generated according to Equation 1.

[0035] Aspects of the subj ect technology are directed to nUE discovery

RU mapping and PRB mapping. Given the k* nUE's discovery RU transmitted

[0038] FIG. S shows an example of a portion of an end-to-end network architecture of a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network with various components of the network in accordance with some embodiments. As used herein, an LTE network refers to both LTE and LTE Advanced (LTE- A) networks as well as other versions of LTE networks to be developed. The network 500 may comprise a radio access network (RAN) (e.g., as depicted, the E-UTRAN or evolved universal terrestrial radio access network) 501 and core network 520 (e.g., shown as an evolved packet core (EPC)) coupled together through an SI interface 515. For convenience and brevity, only a portion of the core network 520, as well as the RAN 501, is shown in the example.

[0039] The core network 520 may include a mobility management entity (MME) 522, serving gateway (serving GW) 524, and packet data network gateway (PDN GW) 526. The RAN 501 may include evolved node Bs (eNBs) 504 (which may operate as base stations) for communicating with user equipment (UE) 502. The eNBs 504 may include macro eNBs 504a and low power (LP) eNBs 504b. The UEs 502 may correspond to the nUE 80 or the wUE 120 of FIG. 1. The eNBs 504 may correspond to the E-UTRAN BS 130 of FIG. 1. The core network 520 may correspond to the EPC 140 of FIG. 1.

[0040] The MME 522 may be similar in function to the control plane of legacy Serving GPRS Support Nodes (SGSN). The MME 522 may manage mobility aspects in access such as gateway selection and tracking area list management. The serving GW 524 may terminate the interface toward the RAN 501, and route data packets between the RAN 501 and the core network 520. In addition, the serving GW 524 may be a local mobility anchor point for inter-eNB handovers and also may provide an anchor for inter-3GPP mobility. Other responsibilities may include lawful intercept, charging, and some policy enforcement. The serving GW 524 and the MME 522 may be implemented in one physical node or separate physical nodes.

[0041] The PDN GW 526 may terminate a SGi interface toward the packet data network (PDN). The PDN GW 526 may route data packets between the EPC 520 and the external PDN, and may perform policy enforcement and charging data collection. The PDN GW 526 may also provide an anchor point for mobility devices with non-LTE access. The external PDN can be any kind of IP network, as well as an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) domain. The PDN GW 526 and the serving GW 524 may be implemented in a single physical node or separate physical nodes.

[0042] The eNBs 504 (macro and micro) may terminate the air interface protocol and may be the first point of contact for a UE 502. In some

embodiments, an eNB 504 may fulfill various logical functions for the RAN 501 including, but not limited to, RNC (radio network controller functions) such as radio bearer management, uplink and downlink dynamic radio resource management and data packet scheduling, and mobility management. In accordance with embodiments, UEs 502 may be configured to communicate orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) communication signals with an eNB 504 over a multicarrier communication channel in accordance with an OFDMA communication technique. The OFDM signals may comprise a plurality of orthogonal subcarriers.

[0043] The S 1 interface 515 may be the interface that separates the RAN

501 and the EPC 520. It may be split into two parts: the Sl-U, which may carry traffic data between the eNBs 504 and the serving GW 524, and the S 1 -MME, which may be a signaling interface between the eNBs 504 and the MME 522. The X2 interface may be the interface between eNBs 504. The X2 interface may comprise two parts, the X2-C and X2-U. The X2-C may be the control plane interface between the eNBs 504, while the X2-U may be the user plane interface between the eNBs 504.

[0044] With cellular networks, LP cells 504b may be typically used to extend coverage to indoor areas where outdoor signals do not reach well, or to add network capacity in areas with dense usage. In particular, it may be desirable to enhance the coverage of a wireless communication system using cells of different sizes, macrocells, microcells, picocells, and femtocells, to boost system performance. The cells of different sizes may operate on the same frequency band, or may operate on different frequency bands with each cell operating in a different frequency band or only cells of different sizes operating on different frequency bands. As used herein, the term LP eNB refers to any suitable relatively LP eNB for implementing a smaller cell (smaller than a macro cell) such as a femtocell, a picocell, or a microcell. Femtocell eNBs may be typically provided by a mobile network operator to its residential or enterprise customers. A femtocell may be typically the size of a residential gateway or smaller and generally connect to a broadband line. The femtocell may connect to the mobile operator's mobile network and provide extra coverage in a range of typically 30 to 50 meters. Thus, a LP eNB 504b might be a femtocell eNB since it is coupled through the PDN GW 526. Similarly, a picocell may be a wireless

communication system typically covering a small area, such as in-building (offices, shopping malls, train stations, etc.), or more recently in-aircraft. A picocell eNB may generally connect through the X2 link to another eNB such as a macro eNB through its base station controller (BSC) functionality. Thus, LP eNB may be implemented with a picocell eNB since it may be coupled to a macro eNB 504a via an X2 interface. Picocell eNBs or other LP eNBs LP eNB 504b may incorporate some or all functionality of a macro eNB LP eNB 504a. In some cases, this may be referred to as an access point base station or enterprise femtocell.

[0045] In some embodiments, the UE 502 may communicate with an access point (AP) 504c. The AP 504c may use only the unlicensed spectrum (e.g., WiFi bands) to communicate with the UE 502. The AP 504c may communicate with the macro eNB 504A (or LP eNB 504B) through an Xw interface. In some embodiments, the AP 504c may communicate with the UE 502 independent of communication between the UE 502 and the macro eNB 504A. In other embodiments, the AP 504c may be controlled by the macro eNB 504A and use LWA, as described in more detail below.

[0046] Communication over an LTE network may be split up into 7ms frames, each of which may contain ten 1ms subframes. Each subframe of the frame, in turn, may contain two slots of 0.5ms. Each subframe may be used for uplink (UL) communications from the UE to the eNB or downlink (DL) communications from the eNB to the UE. In one embodiment, the eNB may allocate a greater number of DL communications than UL communications in a particular frame. The eNB may schedule transmissions over a variety of frequency bands (ft and f₂). The allocation of resources in subframes used in one frequency band and may differ from those in another frequency band. Each slot of the subframe may contain 6-7 OFDM symbols, depending on the system used. In one embodiment, the subframe may contain 12 subcarriers. A downlink resource grid may be used for downlink transmissions from an eNB to a UE, while an uplink resource grid may be used for uplink transmissions from a UE to an eNB or from a UE to another UE. The resource grid may be a time-frequency grid, which is the physical resource in the downlink in each slot. The smallest time-frequency unit in a resource grid may be denoted as a resource element

(RE). Each column and each row of the resource grid may correspond to one OFDM symbol and one OFDM subcarrier, respectively. The resource grid may contain resource blocks (RBs) that describe the mapping of physical channels to resource elements and physical RBs (PRBs). A PRB may be the smallest unit of resources that can be allocated to a UE. A resource block may be 180 kHz wide in f equency and 1 slot long in time. In frequency, resource blocks may be either 12 x 15 kHz subcarriers or 24 x 7.5 kHz subcarriers wide. For most channels and signals, 12 subcarriers may be used per resource block, dependent on the system bandwidth. In Frequency Division Duplexed (FDD) mode, both the uplink and downlink frames may be 7ms and frequency (full-duplex) or time (half-duplex) separated. In Time Division Duplexed (TDD), the uplink and downlink subframes may be transmitted on the same frequency and are multiplexed in the time domain. The duration of the resource grid 400 in the time domain corresponds to one subframe or two resource blocks. Each resource grid may comprise 12 (subcarriers) *14 (symbols) =168 resource elements.

[0047] Each OFDM symbol may contain a cyclic prefix (CP) which may be used to effectively eliminate Inter Symbol Interference (ISI), and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) period. The duration of the CP may be determined by the highest anticipated degree of delay spread. Although distortion from the preceding OFDM symbol may exist within the CP, with a CP of sufficient duration, preceding OFDM symbols do not enter the FFT period. Once the FFT period signal is received and digitized, the receiver may ignore the signal in the CP.

[0048] There may be several different physical downlink channels that are conveyed using such resource blocks, including the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). Each subframe may be partitioned into the PDCCH and the PDSCH. The PDCCH may normally occupy the first two symbols of each subframe and carries, among other things, information about the transport format and resource allocations related to the PDSCH channel, as well as H-ARQ information related to the uplink shared channel. The PDSCH may carry user data and higher layer signaling to a UE and occupy the remainder of the subframe. Typically, downlink scheduling (assigning control and shared channel resource blocks to

UEs within a cell) may be performed at the eNB based on channel quality information provided from the UEs to the eNB, and then the downlink resource assignment information may be sent to each UE on the PDCCH used for (assigned to) the UE. The PDCCH may contain downlink control information (DCI) in one of a number of formats that indicate to the UE how to find and decode data, transmitted on PDSCH in the same subframe, from the resource grid. The DCI format may provide details such as number of resource blocks, resource allocation type, modulation scheme, transport block, redundancy version, coding rate etc. Each DCI format may have a cyclic redundancy code (CRC) and be scrambled with a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) that identifies the target UE for which the PDSCH is intended. Use of the UE- specific RNTI may limit decoding of the DCI format (and hence the

corresponding PDSCH) to only the intended UE.

[0049] Embodiments described herein may be implemented into a system using any suitably configured hardware and/or software. FIG. 6 illustrates components of a UE in accordance with some embodiments. At least some of the components shown may be used in an eNB or MME, for example, such as the UE 502 or eNB 504 shown in FIG. 5 or the nUE 80, wUE 120 or E- UTRAN BS 130 of FIG. 1. The UE 600 and other components may be configured to use the synchronization signals as described herein. The UE 600 may be one of the UEs 602 shown in FIG. 1 and may be a stationary, non-mobile device or may be a mobile device. In some embodiments, the UE 600 may include application circuitry 602, baseband circuitry 604, Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry 606, front-end module (FEM) circuitry 608 and one or more antennas 610, coupled together at least as shown. At least some of the baseband circuitry 604, RF circuitry 606, and FEM circuitry 608 may form a transceiver. In some embodiments, other network elements, such as the eNB may contain some or all of the components shown in FIG. 6. Other of the network elements, such as the MME, may contain an interface, such as the SI interface, to communicate with the eNB over a wired connection regarding the UE.

[0050] The application or processing circuitry 602 may include one or more application processors. For example, the application circuitry 602 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi- core processors. The processors) may include any combination of general - purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc.). The processors may be coupled with and/or may include memory/storage and may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory/storage to enable various applications and/or operating systems to run on the system.

[0051] The baseband circuitry 604 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The baseband circuitry 604 may include one or more baseband processors and/or control logic to process baseband signals received from a receive signal path of the RF circuitry 606 and to generate baseband signals for a transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 606. Baseband processing circuity 604 may interface with the application circuitry 602 for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the RF circuitry 606. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 604 may include a second generation (2G) baseband processor 604a, third generation (3G) baseband processor 604b, fourth generation (4G) baseband processor 604c, and/or other baseband processors) 604d for other existing generations, generations in development or to be developed in the future (e.g., fifth generation (5G), 6G, etc.). The baseband circuitry 604 (e.g., one or more of baseband processors 604a-d) may handle various radio control functions that enable communication with one or more radio networks via the RF circuitry 606. The radio control functions may include, but are not limited to, signal modulation/demodulation,

encoding/decoding, radio frequency shifting, etc. In some embodiments, modulation/demodulation circuitry of the baseband circuitry 604 may include FFT, precoding, and/or constellation mapping/demapping functionality. In some embodiments, encoding/decoding circuitry of the baseband circuitry 604 may include convolution, tail-biting convolution, turbo, Viterbi, and/or Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder/decoder functionality. Embodiments of modulation/demodulation and encoder/decoder functionality are not limited to these examples and may include other suitable functionality in other embodiments.

[0052] In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 604 may include elements of a protocol stack such as, for example, elements of an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) protocol including, for example, physical (PHY), media access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), and/or radio resource control (RRC) elements. A central processing unit (CPU) 604e of the baseband circuitry 604 may be configured to run elements of the protocol stack for signaling of the PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP and/or RRC layers. In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry may include one or more audio digital signal processors) (DSP) 604f. The audio DSP(s) 604f may be include elements for

compression/decompression and echo cancellation and may include other suitable processing elements in other embodiments. Components of the baseband circuitry may be suitably combined in a single chip, a single chipset, or disposed on a same circuit board in some embodiments. In some embodiments, some or all of the constituent components of the baseband circuitry 604 and the application circuitry 602 may be implemented together such as, for example, on a system on a chip (SOC).

[0053] In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 604 may provide for communication compatible with one or more radio technologies. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 604 may support communication with an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) and/or other wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless personal area network (WPAN). Embodiments in which the baseband circuitry 604 is configured to support radio communications of more than one wireless protocol may be referred to as multi- mode baseband circuitry. In some embodiments, the device can be configured to operate in accordance with communication standards or other protocols or standards, including Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 502.16 wireless technology (WiMax), IEEE 502.11 wireless technology (WiFi) including IEEE 502.11 ad, which operates in the 60 GHz millimeter wave spectrum, various other wireless technologies such as global system for mobile communications (GSM), enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE), GSM

EDGE radio access network (GERAN), universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), or other 2G,

3G, 4G, 5G, etc. technologies either already developed or to be developed. [0054] RF circuitry 606 may enable communication with wireless networks using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium. In various embodiments, the RF circuitry 606 may include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate the communication with the wireless network. RF circuitry 606 may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 608 and provide baseband signals to the baseband circuitry 604. RF circuitry 606 may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry to up-convert baseband signals provided by the baseband circuitry 604 and provide RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 608 for transmission.

[0055] In some embodiments, the RF circuitry 606 may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the RF circuitry 606 may include mixer circuitry 606a, amplifier circuitry 606b and filter circuitry 606c. The transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 606 may include filter circuitry 606c and mixer circuitry 606a. RF circuitry 606 may also include synthesizer circuitry 606d for synthesizing a frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 606a of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 606a of the receive signal path may be configured to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 608 based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuitry 606d. The amplifier circuitry 606b may be configured to amplify the down-converted signals and the filter circuitry 606c may be a low-pass filter (LPF) or band-pass filter (BPF) configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-converted signals to generate output baseband signals. Output baseband signals may be provided to the baseband circuitry 604 for further processing. In some embodiments, the output baseband signals may be zero-frequency baseband signals, although this is not a requirement. In some embodiments, mixer circuitry 606a of the receive signal path may comprise passive mixers, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

[0056] In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 606a of the transmit signal path may be configured to up-convert input baseband signals based on the synthesized frequency provided by the synthesizer circuitry 606d to generate RF output signals for the FEM circuitry 608. The baseband signals may be provided by the baseband circuitry 604 and may be filtered by filter circuitry 606c. The filter circuitry 606c may include a low-pass filter (LPF), although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

[0057] In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 606a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 606a of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for quadrature downconversion and/or upconversion respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 606a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 606a of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for image rejection (e.g., Hartley image rejection). In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 606a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 606a may be arranged for direct downconversion and/or direct upconversion, respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 606a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 606a of the transmit signal path may be configured for super-heterodyne operation.

[0058] In some embodiments, the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some alternate embodiments, the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be digital baseband signals. In these alternate embodiments, the RF circuitry 606 may include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry and the baseband circuitry 604 may include a digital baseband interface to communicate with the RF circuitry 606.

[0059] In some dual-mode embodiments, a separate radio IC circuitry may be provided for processing signals for each spectrum, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

[0060] In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 606d may be a fractional-N synthesizer or a fractional N/N+l synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect as other types of frequency synthesizers may be suitable. For example, synthesizer circuitry 606d may be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer comprising a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider.

[0061] The synthesizer circuitry 606d may be configured to synthesize an output frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 606a of the RF circuitry 606 based on a frequency input and a divider control input. In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 606d may be a fractional N/N+l synthesizer.

[0062] In some embodiments, frequency input may be provided by a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), although that is not a requirement. Divider control input may be provided by either the baseband circuitry 604 or the applications processor 602 depending on the desired output frequency. In some embodiments, a divider control input (e.g., N) may be determined from a lookup table based on a channel indicated by the applications processor 602.

[0063] Synthesizer circuitry 606d of the RF circuitry 606 may include a divider, a delay-locked loop (DLL), a multiplexer and a phase accumulator. In some embodiments, the divider may be a dual modulus divider (DMD) and the phase accumulator may be a digital phase accumulator (DP A). In some embodiments, the DMD may be configured to divide the input signal by either N or N+l (e.g., based on a carry out) to provide a fractional division ratio. In some example embodiments, the DLL may include a set of cascaded, tunable, delay elements, a phase detector, a charge pump and a D-type flip-flop. In these embodiments, the delay elements may be configured to break a VCO period up into Nd equal packets of phase, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line. In this way, the DLL provides negative feedback to help ensure that the total delay through the delay line is one VCO cycle.

[0064] In some embodiments, synthesizer circuitry 606d may be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency, while in other embodiments, the output frequency may be a multiple of the carrier frequency (e.g., twice the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) and used in conjunction with quadrature generator and divider circuitry to generate multiple signals at the carrier frequency with multiple different phases with respect to each other. In some embodiments, the output frequency may be a LO frequency (fi£>). In some embodiments, the RF circuitry 606 may include an IQ/polar converter.

[0065] FEM circuitry 608 may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas 610, amplify the received signals and provide the amplified versions of the received signals to the RF circuitry 606 for further processing. FEM circuitry 608 may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry configured to amplify signals for transmission provided by the RF circuitry 606 for transmission by one or more of the one or more antennas 610.

[0066] In some embodiments, the FEM circuitry 608 may include a TX/RX switch to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation. The FEM circuitry may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the FEM circuitry may include a low-noise amplifier (LNA) to amplify received RF signals and provide the amplified received RF signals as an output (e.g., to the RF circuitry 606). The transmit signal path of the FEM circuitry 608 may include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify input RF signals (e.g., provided by RF circuitry 606), and one or more filters to generate RF signals for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of the one or more antennas 610.

[0067] In some embodiments, the UE 600 may include additional elements such as, for example, memory/storage, display, camera, sensor, and/or input/output (I/O) interface as described in more detail below. In some embodiments, the UE 600 described herein may be part of a portable wireless communication device, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA), a laptop or portable computer with wireless communication capability, a web tablet, a wireless telephone, a smartphone, a wireless headset, a pager, an instant messaging device, a digital camera, an access point, a television, a medical device (e.g., a heart rate monitor, a blood pressure monitor, etc.), or other device that may receive and/or transmit information wirelessly. In some embodiments, the UE 600 may include one or more user interfaces designed to enable user interaction with the system and/or peripheral component interfaces designed to enable peripheral component interaction with the system. For example, the UE 600 may include one or more of a keyboard, a keypad, a touchpad, a display, a sensor, a non-volatile memory port, a universal serial bus (USB) port, an audio jack, a power supply interface, one or more antennas, a graphics processor, an application processor, a speaker, a microphone, and other I/O components. The display may be an LCD or LED screen including a touch screen. The sensor may include a gyro sensor, an accelerometer, a proximity sensor, an ambient light sensor, and a positioning unit. The positioning unit may communicate with components of a positioning network, e.g., a global positioning system (GPS) satellite.

[0068] The antennas 610 may comprise one or more directional or omnidirectional antennas, including, for example, dipole antennas, monopole antennas, patch antennas, loop antennas, microstrip antennas or other types of antennas suitable for transmission of RF signals. In some multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) embodiments, the antennas 610 may be effectively separated to take advantage of spatial diversity and the different channel characteristics that may result.

[0069] Although the UE 600 is illustrated as having several separate functional elements, one or more of the functional elements may be combined and may be implemented by combinations of software-configured elements, such as processing elements including digital signal processors (DSPs), and/or other hardware elements. For example, some elements may comprise one or more microprocessors, DSPs, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), radio-frequency integrated circuits (RFICs) and combinations of various hardware and logic circuitry for performing at least the functions described herein. In some embodiments, the functional elements may refer to one or more processes operating on one or more processing elements.

[0070] Embodiments may be implemented in one or a combination of hardware, firmware and software. Embodiments may also be implemented as instructions stored on a computer-readable storage device, which may be read and executed by at least one processor to perform the operations described herein. A computer-readable storage device may include any non-transitory mechanism for storing information in a form readable by a machine (e.g., a computer). For example, a computer-readable storage device may include readonly memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash-memory devices, and other storage devices and media. Some embodiments may include one or more processors and may be configured with instructions stored on a computer-readable storage device.

[0071] FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a communication device in accordance with some embodiments. The device may be a UE or eNB, for example, such as the UE 502 or eNB 504 shown in FIG. 5 or the nUE 80, wUE 120, or E-UTRAN BS 130 of FIG. 1 that may be configured to track the UE as described herein. The physical layer circuitry 702 may perform various encoding and decoding functions that may include formation of baseband signals for transmission and decoding of received signals. The communication device 700 may also include medium access control layer (MAC) circuitry 704 for controlling access to the wireless medium. The communication device 700 may also include processing circuitry 706, such as one or more single-core or multi- core processors, and memory 708 arranged to perform the operations described herein. The physical layer circuitry 702, MAC circuitry 704 and processing circuitry 706 may handle various radio control functions that enable

communication with one or more radio networks compatible with one or more radio technologies. The radio control functions may include signal modulation, encoding, decoding, radio frequency shifting, etc. For example, similar to the device shown in FIG. 2, in some embodiments, communication may be enabled with one or more of a WMAN, a WLAN, and a WPAN. In some embodiments, the communication device 700 can be configured to operate in accordance with 3GPP standards or other protocols or standards, including WiMax, WiFi, WiGig, GSM, EDGE, GERAN, UMTS, UTRAN, or other 3G, 3G, 4G, 5G, etc.

technologies either already developed or to be developed. The communication device 700 may include transceiver circuitry 712 to enable communication with other external devices wirelessly and interfaces 714 to enable wired

communication with other external devices. As another example, the transceiver circuitry 712 may perform various transmission and reception functions such as conversion of signals between a baseband range and a Radio Frequency (RF) range.

[0072] The antennas 701 may comprise one or more directional or omnidirectional antennas, including, for example, dipole antennas, monopole antennas, patch antennas, loop antennas, microstrip antennas or other types of antennas suitable for transmission of RF signals. In some MIMO embodiments, the antennas 701 may be effectively separated to take advantage of spatial diversity and the different channel characteristics that may result. [0073] Although the communication device 700 is illustrated as having several separate functional elements, one or more of the functional elements may be combined and may be implemented by combinations of software-configured elements, such as processing elements including DSPs, and/or other hardware elements. For example, some elements may comprise one or more

microprocessors, DSPs, FPGAs, ASICs, RFICs and combinations of various hardware and logic circuitry for performing at least the functions described herein. In some embodiments, the functional elements may refer to one or more processes operating on one or more processing elements. Embodiments may be implemented in one or a combination of hardware, firmware and software. Embodiments may also be implemented as instructions stored on a computer- readable storage device, which may be read and executed by at least one processor to perform the operations described herein.

[0074] FIG. 8 illustrates another block diagram of a communication device 800 in accordance with some embodiments. The communication device 800 may correspond to the nUE 80 or the wUE 120 of FIG. 1. In alternative embodiments, the communication device 800 may operate as a standalone device or may be connected (e.g., networked) to other communication devices. In a networked deployment, the communication device 800 may operate in the capacity of a server communication device, a client communication device, or both in server-client network environments. In an example, the communication device 800 may act as a peer communication device in peer-to-peer (P2P) (or other distributed) network environment. The communication device 800 may be a UE, eNB, PC, a tablet PC, a STB, a PDA, a mobile telephone, a smart phone, a web appliance, a network router, switch or bridge, or any communication device capable of executing instructions (sequential or otherwise) that specify actions to be taken by that communication device. Further, while only a single

communication device is illustrated, the term "communication device" shall also be taken to include any collection of communication devices that individually or jointly execute a set (or multiple sets) of instructions to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein, such as cloud computing, software as a service (SaaS), other computer cluster configurations. [0075] Examples, as described herein, may include, or may operate on, logic or a number of components, modules, or mechanisms. Modules are tangible entities (e.g., hardware) capable of performing specified operations and may be configured or arranged in a certain manner. In an example, circuits may be arranged (e.g., internally or with respect to external entities such as other circuits) in a specified manner as a module. In an example, the whole or part of one or more computer systems (e.g., a standalone, client or server computer system) or one or more hardware processors may be configured by firmware or software (e.g., instructions, an application portion, or an application) as a module that operates to perform specified operations. In an example, the software may reside on a communication device readable medium. In an example, the software, when executed by the underlying hardware of the module, causes the hardware to perform the specified operations.

[0076] Accordingly, the term "module" is understood to encompass a tangible entity, be that an entity that is physically constructed, specifically configured (e.g., hardwired), or temporarily (e.g., transitorily) configured (e.g., programmed) to operate in a specified manner or to perform part or all of any operation described herein. Considering examples in which modules are temporarily configured, each of the modules need not be instantiated at any one moment in time. For example, where the modules comprise a general-purpose hardware processor configured using software, the general-purpose hardware processor may be configured as respective different modules at different times. Software may accordingly configure a hardware processor, for example, to constitute a particular module at one instance of time and to constitute a different module at a different instance of time.

[0077] Communication device (e.g., computer system) 800 may include a hardware processor 802 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a hardware processor core, or any combination thereof), a main memory 804 and a static memory 806, some or all of which may communicate with each other via an interlink (e.g., bus) 808. The

communication device 800 may further include a display unit 810, an alphanumeric input device 812 (e.g., a keyboard), and a user interface (UI) navigation device 814 (e.g., a mouse). In an example, the display unit 810, input device 812 and UI navigation device 814 may be a touch screen display. The communication device 800 may additionally include a storage device (e.g., drive unit) 816, a signal generation device 818 (e.g., a speaker), a network interface device 820, and one or more sensors 821, such as a global positioning system (GPS) sensor, compass, accelerometer, or other sensor. The communication device 800 may include an output controller 828, such as a serial (e.g., universal serial bus (USB), parallel, or other wired or wireless (e.g., infrared (IR), near field communication (NFC), etc.) connection to communicate or control one or more peripheral devices (e.g., a printer, card reader, etc.).

[0078] The storage device 816 may include a communication device readable medium 822 on which is stored one or more sets of data structures or instructions 824 (e.g., software) embodying or utilized by any one or more of the techniques or functions described herein. The instructions 824 may also reside, completely or at least partially, within the main memory 804, within static memory 806, or within the hardware processor 802 during execution thereof by the communication device 800. In an example, one or any combination of the hardware processor 802, the main memory 804, the static memory 806, or the storage device 816 may constitute communication device readable media.

[0079] While the communication device readable medium 822 is illustrated as a single medium, the term "communication device readable medium" may include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) configured to store the one or more instructions 824.

[0080] The term "communication device readable medium" may include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying instructions for execution by the communication device 800 and that cause the communication device 800 to perform any one or more of the techniques of the present disclosure, or that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying data structures used by or associated with such instructions. Non-limiting communication device readable medium examples may include solid-state memories, and optical and magnetic media. Specific examples of communication device readable media may include: non-volatile memory, such as semiconductor memory devices (e.g., Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM)) and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks and removable disks;

magneto-optical disks; Random Access Memory (RAM); and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks. In some examples, communication device readable media may include non-transitory communication device readable media. In some examples, communication device readable media may include communication device readable media that is not a transitory propagating signal.

[0081] The instructions 824 may further be transmitted or received over a communications network 826 using a transmission medium via the network interface device 820 utilizing any one of a number of transfer protocols (e.g. , frame relay, internet protocol (IP), transmission control protocol (TCP), user datagram protocol (UDP), hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), etc.). Example communication networks may include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a packet data network (e.g., the Internet), mobile telephone networks (e.g., cellular networks), Plain Old Telephone (POTS) networks, and wireless data networks (e.g., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 502.11 family of standards known as Wi-Fi®, IEEE 502.16 family of standards known as WiMax®), IEEE 502.15.4 family of standards, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) family of standards, a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) family of standards, peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, among others. In an example, the network interface device 820 may include one or more physical jacks (e.g., Ethernet, coaxial, or phone jacks) or one or more antennas to connect to the communications network 826. In an example, the network interface device 820 may include a plurality of antennas to wirelessly communicate using at least one of single-input multiple-output (SIMO), MIMO, or multiple-input single-output (MISO) techniques. In some examples, the network interface device 820 may wirelessly communicate using Multiple User MIMO techniques. The term "transmission medium" shall be taken to include any intangible medium that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying instructions for execution by the communication device 800, and includes digital or analog communications signals or other intangible medium to facilitate communication of such software. [0082] The subject technology is described below in conjunction with various examples.

[0083] Example 1 is an apparatus of a network user equipment (nUE), the apparatus comprising: processing circuitry; and memory, the processing circuitry to: select a resource unit (RU) of a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) for broadcasting a discovery message, the RU being selected based on a nUE temporary identifier (temp ID) and a mapping between RUs and nUE temp IDs; encode for broadcasting of the discovery message to multiple wearable user equipment (wUEs) in the selected RU of the PSDCH; and encode for broadcasting of discovery content in an available downlink (DL) subframe of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), the discovery content being broadcast to a wUE from among the multiple wUEs for decoding at the wUE and for starting a random access procedure with the nUE.

[0084] Example 2 is the apparatus of Example 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further to: encode for broadcasting, in a downlink sidelink control channel, of a transmission type of the subframe of the PDSCH.

[0085] Example 3 is the apparatus of any of Examples 1-2, wherein the mapping between RUs and nUE temp IDs comprises a 1 : 1 mapping.

[0086] Example 4 is the apparatus of any of Examples 1-2, wherein the processing circuitry is further to: forego accessing RAS (receiver resource acknowledgement and sounding) channel feedback for the broadcast DL subframe.

[0087] Example 5 is the apparatus of any of Examples 1-2, wherein the discovery content comprises authentication and security information, the authentication and security information comprising one or more of: a nUE media access control (MAC) address, the nUE temp ID, and a security key.

[0088] Example 6 is the apparatus of any of Examples 1-2, wherein the

PSDCH is transmitted in physical resource blocks (PRBs) in a first subframe.

[0089] Example 7 is the apparatus of any of Examples 1 -2, wherein the DL subframe comprises: a control channel; a TAS (transmitter resource acquisition and sounding) channel; a RAS (receiver resource acknowledgement and sounding) channel; the PDSCH; and an acknowledgement (ACK) channel. [0090] Example 8 is apparatus of any of Examples 1-2, wherein the processing circuitry comprises a baseband processor.

[0091] Example 9 is apparatus of any of Examples 1-2, further comprising transceiver circuitry to: broadcast the discovery message; and broadcast the discovery content.

[0092] Example 10 is the apparatus of Example 9, further comprising an antenna coupled with the transceiver circuitry.

[0093] Example 11 is an apparatus of a wearable user equipment (wUE), the apparatus comprising: processing circuitry; and memory, the processing circuitry to: monitor a periodic paging resource unit (RU) of a network user equipment (nUE); decode a paging message within the periodic paging RU; monitor a control channel and a TAS (transmitter resource acquisition and sounding) channel of downlink (DL) subframes upon decoding the paging message; decode a DL data schedule, from the nUE, in an available DL subframe; and cause the wUE to enter an active mode and feedback RAS (receiver resource acknowledgement and sounding) channel in response to decoding the DL data schedule.

[0094] Example 12 is the apparatus of Example 11, wherein the processing circuitry is further to: cause the wUE to enter an idle mode in response to failing to decode the DL data schedule within a given time period.

[0095] Example 13 is the apparatus of Example 12, wherein the given time period is defined by a paging timer.

[0096] Example 14 is the apparatus of Example 11, wherein the periodic paging RU is selected based on a nUE temporary identifier (temp ID) of the nUE and a 1 : 1 mapping between RUs and nUE temp IDs.

[0097] Example IS is the apparatus of Example 11, wherein the DL subframe comprises: the control channel; the TAS (transmitter resource acquisition and sounding) channel; the RAS (receiver resource

acknowledgement and sounding) channel; a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH); and an acknowledgement (ACK) channel.

[0098] Example 16 is a machine-readable medium storing instructions for execution by processing circuitry of a network user equipment (nUE), the instructions causing the processing circuitry to: select a resource unit (RU) of a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) for broadcasting a discovery message, the RU being selected based on a nUE temporary identifier (temp ID) and a mapping between RUs and nUE temp IDs; encode for broadcasting of the discovery message to multiple wearable user equipment (wUEs) in the selected RU of the PSDCH; and encode for broadcasting of discovery content in an available downlink (DL) sub frame of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), the discovery content being broadcast to a wUE from among the multiple wUEs for decoding at the wUE and for starting a random access procedure with the nUE.

[0099] Example 17 is the machine-readable medium of Example 16, the instructions further causing the processing circuitry to: encode for broadcasting, in a downlink sidelink control channel, of a transmission type of the subframe of the PDSCH.

[00100] Example 18 is the machine-readable medium of Example 16, the instructions further causing the processing circuitry to: forego accessing RAS (receiver resource acknowledgement and sounding) channel feedback for the broadcast DL subframe.

[00101] Example 19 is the machine-readable medium of Example 16, wherein the discovery content comprises authentication and security

information, the authentication and security information comprising one or more of: a nUE media access control (MAC) address, the nUE temp ID, and a security key.

[00102] Example 20 is the machine-readable medium of Example 16, wherein the PSDCH is transmitted in physical resource blocks (PRBs) in a first subframe.

[00103] Example 21 is the machine-readable medium of Example 16, wherein the DL subframe comprises: a control channel; a TAS (transmitter resource acquisition and sounding) channel; a RAS (receiver resource acknowledgement and sounding) channel; the PDSCH; and an

acknowledgement (ACK) channel.

[00104] Example 22 is an apparatus of a network user equipment (nUE), the apparatus comprising: means for selecting a resource unit (RU) of a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) for broadcasting a discovery message, the RU being selected based on a nUE temporary identifier (temp ID) and a mapping between RUs and nUE temp IDs; means for encoding for broadcasting of the discovery message to multiple wearable user equipment (wUEs) in the selected RU of the PSDCH; and means for encoding for broadcasting of discovery content in an available downlink (DL) subframe of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), the discovery content being broadcast to a wUE from among the multiple wUEs for decoding at the wUE and for starting a random access procedure with the nUE.

[00105] Example 23 is the apparatus of Example 22, further comprising: means for encoding for broadcasting, in a downlink sidelink control channel, of a transmission type of the subframe of the PDSCH.

[00106] Although an embodiment has been described with reference to specific example embodiments, it will be evident that various modifications and changes may be made to these embodiments. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. The accompanying drawings that form a part hereof show, by way of illustration, and not of limitation, specific embodiments in which the subject matter may be practiced. The embodiments illustrated are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the teachings disclosed herein. Other embodiments may be utilized and derived therefrom, such that structural and logical substitutions and changes may be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure. This Detailed Description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of various embodiments is defined only by the appended claims, along with the full range of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

[00107] Such embodiments of the inventive subject matter may be referred to herein, individually and/or collectively, by the term "invention" merely for convenience and without intending to voluntarily limit the scope of this application to any single invention or inventive concept if more than one is in fact disclosed. Thus, although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it should be appreciated that any arrangement calculated to achieve the same purpose may be substituted for the specific embodiments shown. This disclosure is intended to cover any and all adaptations or variations of various embodiments. Combinations of the above embodiments, and other embodiments not specifically described herein, will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description.

[00108] In this document, the terms "a" or "an" are used, as is common in patent documents, to include one or more than one, independent of any other instances or usages of "at least one" or "one or more." In this document, the term "or" is used to refer to a nonexclusive or, such that "A or B" includes "A but not B," "B but not A," and "A and B," unless otherwise indicated. In this document, the terms "including" and "in which" are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms "comprising" and "wherein." Also, in the following claims, the terms "including" and "comprising" are open-ended, that is, a system, UE, article, composition, formulation, or process that includes elements in addition to those listed after such a term in a claim are still deemed to fall within the scope of that claim. Moreover, in the following claims, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects.

[00109] The Abstract is provided to allow the reader to ascertain the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to limit or interpret the scope or meaning of the claims. The following claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. An apparatus of a network user equipment (nUE), the apparatus comprising:

processing circuitry; and memory, the processing circuitry to:

select a resource unit (RU) of a physical sidelink discovery channel

(PSDCH) for broadcasting a discovery message, the RU being selected based on a nUE temporary identifier (temp ID) and a mapping between RUs and nUE temp IDs;

encode for broadcasting of the discovery message to multiple wearable user equipment (wUEs) in the selected RU of the PSDCH; and

encode for broadcasting of discovery content in an available downlink (DL) subframe of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), the discovery content being broadcast to a wUE from among the multiple wUEs for decoding at the wUE and for starting a random access procedure with the nUE.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is further to:

encode for broadcasting, in a downlink sidelink control channel, of a transmission type of the subframe of the PDSCH.

3. The apparatus of any of claims 1-2, wherein the mapping between RUs and nUE temp IDs comprises a 1 : 1 mapping.

4. The apparatus of any of claims 1-2, wherein the processing circuitry is further to:

forego accessing RAS (receiver resource acknowledgement and sounding) channel feedback for the broadcast DL subframe.

5. The apparatus of any of claims 1-2, wherein the discovery content comprises authentication and security information, the authentication and security information comprising one or more of: a nUE media access control (MAC) address, the nUE temp ID, and a security key.

6. The apparatus of any of claims 1-2, wherein the PSDCH is transmitted in physical resource blocks (PRBs) in a first subframe.

7. The apparatus of any of claims 1-2, wherein the DL subframe comprises:

a control channel;

a TAS (transmitter resource acquisition and sounding) channel;

a RAS (receiver resource acknowledgement and sounding) channel; the PDSCH; and

an acknowledgement (ACK) channel.

8. The apparatus of any of claims 1-2, wherein the processing circuitry comprises a baseband processor.

9. The apparatus of any of claims 1-2, further comprising transceiver circuitry to:

broadcast the discovery message; and

broadcast the discovery content.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising an antenna coupled with the transceiver circuitry.

11. An apparatus of a wearable user equipment (wUE), the apparatus comprising:

processing circuitry; and memory, the processing circuitry to:

monitor a periodic paging resource unit (RU) of a network user equipment (nUE);

decode a paging message within the periodic paging RU;

monitor a control channel and a TAS (transmitter resource acquisition and sounding) channel of downlink (DL) subframes upon decoding the paging message;

decode a DL data schedule, from the nUE, in an available DL sub frame; and

cause the wUE to enter an active mode and feedback RAS (receiver resource acknowledgement and sounding) channel in response to decoding the DL data schedule.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the processing circuitry is further to:

cause the wUE to enter an idle mode in response to failing to decode the DL data schedule within a given time period.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the given time period is defined by a paging timer.

14. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the periodic paging RU is selected based on a nUE temporary identifier (temp ID) of the nUE and a 1 : 1 mapping between RUs and nUE temp IDs.

15. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the DL subframe comprises: the control channel;

the TAS (transmitter resource acquisition and sounding) channel;

the RAS (receiver resource acknowledgement and sounding) channel; a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH); and

an acknowledgement (ACK) channel.

16. A machine-readable medium storing instructions for execution by processing circuitry of a network user equipment (nUE), the instructions causing the processing circuitry to:

select a resource unit (RU) of a physical sidelink discovery channel

(PSDCH) for broadcasting a discovery message, the RU being selected based on a nUE temporary identifier (temp ID) and a mapping between RUs and nUE temp IDs;

encode for broadcasting of the discovery message to multiple wearable user equipment (wUEs) in the selected RU of the PSDCH; and

encode for broadcasting of discovery content in an available downlink (DL) subframe of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), the discovery content being broadcast to a wUE from among the multiple wUEs for decoding at the wUE and for starting a random access procedure with the nUE.

17. The machine-readable medium of claim 16, the instructions further causing the processing circuitry to:

encode for broadcasting, in a downlink sidelink control channel, of a transmission type of the subframe of the PDSCH.

18. The machine-readable medium of claim 16, the instructions further causing the processing circuitry to:

forego accessing RAS (receiver resource acknowledgement and sounding) channel feedback for the broadcast DL subframe.

19. The machine-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the discovery content comprises authentication and security information, the authentication and security information comprising one or more of: a nUE media access control (MAC) address, the nUE temp ID, and a security key.

20. The machine-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the PSDCH is transmitted in physical resource blocks (PRBs) in a first subframe.

21. The machine-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the DL subframe comprises:

a control channel;

a TAS (transmitter resource acquisition and sounding) channel;

a RAS (receiver resource acknowledgement and sounding) channel; the PDSCH; and

an acknowledgement (ACK) channel.

22. An apparatus of a network user equipment (nUE), the apparatus comprising:

means for selecting a resource unit (RU) of a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) for broadcasting a discovery message, the RU being selected based on a nUE temporary identifier (temp ID) and a mapping between RUs and nUE temp IDs;

means for encoding for broadcasting of the discovery message to multiple wearable user equipment (wUEs) in the selected RU of the PSDCH; and

means for encoding for broadcasting of discovery content in an available downlink (DL) subframe of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), the discovery content being broadcast to a wUE from among the multiple wUEs for decoding at the wUE and for starting a random access procedure with the nUE.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, further comprising:

means for encoding for broadcasting, in a downlink sidelink control channel, of a transmission type of the subframe of the PDSCH.