WO2017143415A1 - Method for producing phosphate fertilizers from phosphate rock with a low p2o5 content and use of triple superphosphate or dregs from the production of phosphoric acid - Google Patents

Method for producing phosphate fertilizers from phosphate rock with a low p2o5 content and use of triple superphosphate or dregs from the production of phosphoric acid Download PDF

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WO2017143415A1
WO2017143415A1 PCT/BR2016/050041 BR2016050041W WO2017143415A1 WO 2017143415 A1 WO2017143415 A1 WO 2017143415A1 BR 2016050041 W BR2016050041 W BR 2016050041W WO 2017143415 A1 WO2017143415 A1 WO 2017143415A1
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production
phosphate
fertilizers according
phosphate fertilizers
phosphoric acid
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PCT/BR2016/050041
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French (fr)
Portuguese (pt)
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Gabriel Warwick Kerr De Paiva Cortes
Ramiro CHAVASCO FERREIRA
Sebastião CURIMBABA
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Mineração Curimbaba Ltda.
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Priority to PCT/BR2016/050041 priority Critical patent/WO2017143415A1/en
Priority to BR112018017306-1A priority patent/BR112018017306B1/en
Publication of WO2017143415A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017143415A1/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B13/00Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
    • C05B13/02Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process of producing phosphate fertilizers through the use of triple superphosphate marketed in bulk or sludge from the manufacture of phosphoric acid for the enrichment of P2O5 poor phosphate rocks and obtaining a more practical and efficient phosphate fertilizer. .
  • thermophosphate manufactured by electrofusion of phosphate rocks in combination with S1O2 and MgO balancing, by the addition of oxides during fusion.
  • WO 2007/132497 describes fertilizer compounds having a glass matrix having a mass composition of phosphorus (as P2O5) in the 2-45% range of potassium (as K 2 O) in the 2-45% range, of other secondary nutrients (calcium, magnesium, sulfur and, if necessary, sodium) and trace elements.
  • the production method of this fertilizer compound comprises mixing a plurality of precursors of chemical compounds comprised in the final fertilizer, in powder or pellet state. These precursors include kaolinite, zinc oxide, potassium feldspar, iron carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate, colemanite, dolomite, molybdenum oxide, mono ammonium phosphate, among others.
  • Document PM 106717-9 relates to the production and use of a weak acid soluble phosphorus potassium fertilizer, which is produced by a process of melting the raw materials followed by rapid cooling which provides the formation of a glassy and amorphous material. containing weak acid soluble phosphorus and potassium phases.
  • a weak acid soluble phosphorus potassium fertilizer which is produced by a process of melting the raw materials followed by rapid cooling which provides the formation of a glassy and amorphous material. containing weak acid soluble phosphorus and potassium phases.
  • superphosphates and triplophosphates are also used as fertilizers, but their use contributes to an excessive acidification of the soil, requiring the use of increasing amounts of ground limestone used in an additional operation called "liming".
  • the neutralizing power of super and triplophosphates is zero.
  • PM 106717-9 uses the mixture of alkaline rock, apatite and phosphorite, as well as raw materials rich in silicon oxides and rich in magnesia, such as calcined or sintered magnesite, calcined dolomite, among other materials.
  • the main P2O5-containing natural raw materials used in the manufacture of the above listed fertilizers are apatites and phosphorites. Originally these minerals had P2O5 contents ranging from 18% to 40% by mass based on the total mass of the mineral. Today, phosphorus mineral deposits with these levels are increasingly rare, with only 5% by weight of P2O5 based on the total mass of the mineral, or even less.
  • the mineral used has an average content lower than 25% by weight of P2O5 based on the total mass of the mineral, which needs to be improved and this is done systematically by sieving, separating the fines, increasing this content.
  • approximately 28 to 30 wt.% of P2O5 based on the total mass of the mineral is desirable.
  • the fines of this particle size separation have very low contents which, to be used directly, would require the use of ores with more than 30 mass% of P2O5, which are excessively expensive.
  • a solution for using these fines would be in admixture with products with maximum P2O5 contents, such as bulk triple superphosphate, with 44 to 50% by weight of P2O5, or a sludge from phosphoric acid manufacture with approximately 28 to 57% by weight. P2O5 mass.
  • P2O5 contents such as bulk triple superphosphate, with 44 to 50% by weight of P2O5, or a sludge from phosphoric acid manufacture with approximately 28 to 57% by weight. P2O5 mass.
  • the present invention relates to a process for producing phosphate fertilizers comprising the steps of: a) mixing low P2O5 phosphate rock and triple superphosphate marketed in bulk from the manufacture of phosphoric acid; b) melting the material obtained in (a); and c) cooling the melt obtained from step (b).
  • the invention further relates to the use of triple superphosphate sold in bulk or sludge from the manufacture of phosphoric acid in admixture with P2O5 poor phosphate rocks for enrichment thereof and to obtain an alkaline pH phosphate fertilizer.
  • the process for producing phosphate fertilizers of the invention comprises the steps of: (a) mixing low P2O5 phosphate rock and triple superphosphate sold in bulk or sludge from manufacture phosphoric acid; (b) melting the material obtained in (a); and (c) cooling the melt obtained from step (b).
  • the phosphate rocks used in step (a) are ground and classified below the 100 mesh (150 mm) mesh, having approximately 17% to 25% P2O5 mass based on total mass of phosphate rocks. In addition, these rocks can have up to 25% Fe 2 03 mass based on the total mass of phosphate rocks.
  • the phosphoric acid sludge used in the process of the invention has approximately 28% to 57% by weight of P2O5, based on the total sludge mass. Such sludge is in liquid form and is applied by spraying in step (a) of the process of the invention.
  • Phosphoric acid sludge is produced by the wet process by reaction of sulfuric acid with phosphate rock. In acidulation of phosphate rock, less sulfuric acid is used.
  • triple superphosphate used has approximately 44% to 50% by weight of P2O5, based on the total mass of triple superphosphate sold in bulk.
  • Triple superphosphate is obtained by reacting phosphate rock with 50% phosphoric acid. In its production the crushed rock is sent to the dosing scale, later sent to the mixer, where 50% phosphoric acid is added, initiating the reaction. This pulp-like mixture flows continuously into a reaction belt, where an exothermic reaction occurs, releasing gases and particulate matter. As a result of this reaction, the pulp becomes a solid product with high porosity and low specific weight. At the end of the reaction belt the superphosphate layer formed is broken by a disintegrator. The final product is taken to the cure warehouse where the reaction will complement each other.
  • step (b) After the curing period is sold in bulk.
  • briquetting is performed, and after briquetting the material obtained is dried in rotary dryers and sieved.
  • Such screening is performed on 200 mesh (75 mm) mesh, where the fraction finer than 200 mesh (75 mm) returns to step (a), while the thicker than 200 mesh (75 mm) is ensiled to proceed to step (b).
  • an acidic pH material is obtained. from approximately 3.0 to 4.0.
  • the acidic pH material proceeds to the melting process.
  • the fusion is performed in electric arc furnaces, continuously poured directly into water (quenching).
  • the temperature in the ovens is from 1200 to 1600 ⁇ , preferably 1400 ⁇ .
  • step (c) After melting, the melt in the above condition is immediately cooled with large amounts of water (quenching) (step (c)), solidifying into amorphous / vitreous granules in a wide range below 850 micrometres.
  • the water / molten mass ratio is 5 to 10/1.
  • the amorphous / vitreous granules obtained are already alkaline phosphate fertilizers with a pH greater than or equal to 9.
  • the obtained fertilizer has a content of 18% or greater by mass of total P2O5 based on the total mass of the fertilizer.
  • Phosphate fertilizer is obtained as a granulated product, and the granulated product plus cooling water is sent to a settling tank for separation. After separation the cooling water returns to the process and the granulated fertilizer is stored.
  • the fertilizer is a fused thermophosphate fertilizer.
  • the invention also relates to the use of bulk commercially available triple superphosphate or sludge from phosphoric acid manufacture in admixture with P2O5 poor phosphate rocks for enrichment and obtaining an alkaline pH phosphate fertilizer by the process described above. .
  • the process starts from an already ground, low-grade, P2O5-graded phosphate rock to which is added thin, more economical bulk triple superphosphate, plus water, directly into a briquette machine and thereafter. directly to a rotary dryer.
  • the dried briquettes pass through a sieve to remove the fines, which return to the mixing and briquetting process again, and the retained ones, which are reserved for melting in electric arc furnaces.
  • the melt is continuously poured into water for abrupt cooling, granulating the solidified melt.
  • the granulated product plus cooling water mixture is pumped into a settling tank, separating the return water from the process and the amorphous granulate which is the desired product.
  • a natural ground phosphate rock, classified below the 100 mesh (150 mm) mesh, with approximately 20% by weight of P2O5 is transferred to a mixer together with a thin, approximately triple bulk commercial superphosphate. 44% to 50% by weight of P2O5, plus sufficient water for proper briquetting consistency.
  • the mixture thus obtained should contain approximately 28% by weight of P2O5 (dry basis).
  • the material is dried. in rotary dryers and are sieved over 200 mesh. The fraction finer than 200 mesh (75 mm) returns to the previous mixing and briquetting process while the thicker than 200 mesh (75 mm) is ensiled, waiting to enter the melting furnaces or, if necessary, follow directly to the melting furnaces.
  • the fine bulk triple superphosphate may be replaced by phosphoric acid sludge with approximately 28 to 57 mass% of P2O5 and use small amount of hydrated lime [Ca (OH) 2 ] to accelerate the reaction of components with respective temperature increase and water evaporation.
  • phosphoric acid sludge with approximately 28 to 57 mass% of P2O5 and use small amount of hydrated lime [Ca (OH) 2 ] to accelerate the reaction of components with respective temperature increase and water evaporation.
  • Ca (OH) 2 hydrated lime
  • phosphoric acid sludge containing approximately 28 to 57% by weight of P2O5 can be employed which, as it is in liquid form, is applied by spraying.
  • the poor rock is placed inside a continuous rotary mixer, where the sludge of phosphoric acid that reacts with each other instantly sprays.
  • thermophosphate manufacturing process of the present invention since the initial mixture (feedstock oven) will be melted, liquefied with subsequent cooling in water.
  • the final characteristic of the melt thermophosphate fertilizer is not modified, maintaining all inherent properties of the marketed product as well as a desired pH> 9.
  • Average (2) Average calcined base content Table II - Typical analysis of triple superphosphate (TSP) sold at ranch:
  • Average (2) Average calcined base content

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing fertilizers and to the use of triple superphosphate commercially available in bulk quantities or dregs from the production of phosphoric acid for enriching phosphate rock with a low P2O5 content and producing a fertilizer. The method according to the invention for producing fertilizers comprises the following steps: (a) mixing phosphate rocks with a low P2O5 content and triple superphosphate commercially available in bulk quantities or dregs from the production of phosphoric acid; (b) melting the material obtained in (a); and (c) cooling the melt obtained in step (b) with water, producing amorphous or vitreous granules.

Description

Patente de Invenção para: "PROCESSO PARA PRODUÇÃO DE FERTILIZANTES FOSFATADOS A PARTIR DE ROCHAS FOSFÁTICAS POBRES EM P2O5, E USO DE SUPERFOSFATO TRIPLO OU DE BORRA DA FABRICAÇÃO DE ÁCIDO FOSFÓRICO" Invention Patent for: "PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF PHOSPHATED FERTILIZERS FROM POOR Phosphoric ROCKS IN P 2 O 5 , AND USE OF TRIPLE OR BLURRED Phosphoric Acid Superphosphate"
CAMPO DA INVENÇÃO FIELD OF INVENTION
A presente invenção refere-se a um processo de produção de fertilizantes fosfatados através do uso de superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel ou borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico para o enriquecimento de rochas fosfáticas pobres em P2O5 e obtenção de um fertilizante fosfatado de maior praticidade e eficiência. The present invention relates to a process of producing phosphate fertilizers through the use of triple superphosphate marketed in bulk or sludge from the manufacture of phosphoric acid for the enrichment of P2O5 poor phosphate rocks and obtaining a more practical and efficient phosphate fertilizer. .
ANTECEDENTES DA INVENÇÃO BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Os principais fertilizantes fosfáticos, produzidos industrialmente e utilizados no mercado internacional, contendo exclusivamente fósforo da tríade de nutrientes primários, NPK (nitrogénio, fósforo e potássio), são: (i) Superfosfato simples: fabricado pelo tratamento de rochas fosfáticas com ácido sulfúrico, com um teor de P = 9 % em massa, equivalente a 23% em massa de P2O5 total com base na massa total do superfosfato simples. (ii) Superfosfato triplo: fabricado pelo tratamento de rochas fosfáticas com ácido fosfórico, com um teor de P = 21 % em massa, equivalente a 49 % em massa de P2O5 total com base na massa total do superfosfato triplo. The main industrially produced and used phosphate fertilizers on the international market, containing exclusively phosphorus from the primary nutrient triad, NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), are: (i) Simple superphosphate: manufactured by treating sulfuric acid phosphate rocks with P = 9% by mass, equivalent to 23% by weight of total P2O5 based on the total mass of the single superphosphate. (ii) Triple superphosphate: Manufactured by the treatment of phosphate rock with phosphoric acid, with a content of P = 21% by weight, equivalent to 49% by weight of total P2O5 based on the total mass of triple superphosphate.
(iii) Termofosfato magnesiano Yoorin: fabricado pela eletrofusão de rochas fosfáticas em combinação com o balanceamento de S1O2 e MgO, pela adição de óxidos durante a fusão. Este termofosfato apresenta teor de P = 6,8 % a 7,7% em massa, equivalente a 16% a 18% em massa de P2O5 total com base na massa total do termofosfato magnesiano Yoorin. (iii) Yoorin magnesium thermophosphate: manufactured by electrofusion of phosphate rocks in combination with S1O2 and MgO balancing, by the addition of oxides during fusion. This thermophosphate has a content of P = 6.8% to 7.7% by weight, equivalent to 16% to 18% by weight of total P2O5 based on the total mass of Yoorin magnesium thermophosphate.
O documento WO 2007/132497 descreve compostos fertilizantes tendo uma matriz vítrea com uma composição, em massa, de fósforo (como P2O5) na faixa de 2-45%, de potássio (como K2O) na faixa de 2-45%, de outros nutrientes secundários (cálcio, magnésio, enxofre e, se necessário, sódio) e elementos traço. O método de produção deste composto de fertilizante compreende a mistura de uma pluralidade de precursores de compostos químicos compreendidos no fertilizante final, no estado de pó ou pélete. Dentre esses precursores estão caolinita, óxido de zinco, feldspato de potássio, carbonato de ferro, carbonato de potássio, carbonato de cálcio, colemanita, dolomita, óxido de molibdênio, fosfato de mono amónio, dentre outros. WO 2007/132497 describes fertilizer compounds having a glass matrix having a mass composition of phosphorus (as P2O5) in the 2-45% range of potassium (as K 2 O) in the 2-45% range, of other secondary nutrients (calcium, magnesium, sulfur and, if necessary, sodium) and trace elements. The production method of this fertilizer compound comprises mixing a plurality of precursors of chemical compounds comprised in the final fertilizer, in powder or pellet state. These precursors include kaolinite, zinc oxide, potassium feldspar, iron carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate, colemanite, dolomite, molybdenum oxide, mono ammonium phosphate, among others.
O documento PM 106717-9 se refere à produção e utilização de um fertilizante fósforo-potássico solúvel em ácidos fracos, fertilizante este produzido através de um processo de fusão das matérias-primas seguida de resfriamento rápido que proporciona a formação de um material vítreo e amorfo contendo fases de fósforo e de potássio solúveis em ácido fraco. Neste documento é mencionado que superfosfatos e triplofosfatos são também utilizados como fertilizantes, porém que seu uso contribui para uma acidificação excessiva do solo, sendo necessário o uso de quantidades crescentes de calcários moídos usados em uma operação adicional chamada de "calagem". Ademais, tal documento menciona que o poder de neutralização dos super e triplofosfatos é zero. O processo descrito em PM 106717-9 utiliza-se da mistura de rocha alcalina, apatita e fosforita, bem como matérias-primas ricas em óxidos de silício e ricas em magnésia, como magnesita calcinada ou sinterizada, dolomita calcinada, dentre outros materiais. Como visto em PM 106717-9, as principais matérias primas naturais contendo P2O5 usadas na fabricação dos fertilizantes acima listados são as apatitas e as fosforitas. Originalmente esses minerais apresentavam teores de P2O5 variando de 18% a 40% em massa com base na massa total do mineral. Hoje, depósitos de minerais de fósforo com esses teores são cada vez mais raros, sendo que se trabalha com teores de apenas 5% em massa de P2O5 com base na massa total do mineral, ou ainda menos. Por sistemas de concentração mineral, como a flotação, consegue-se aumentar esses teores a faixas de 20% a 30% em massa de P2O5 com base na massa total do mineral. Entretanto, os custos desses minerais beneficiados aumentou muito, fazendo com que os preços dos fertilizantes fosfóricos tivessem seus preços sensivelmente aumentados. Document PM 106717-9 relates to the production and use of a weak acid soluble phosphorus potassium fertilizer, which is produced by a process of melting the raw materials followed by rapid cooling which provides the formation of a glassy and amorphous material. containing weak acid soluble phosphorus and potassium phases. In this document it is mentioned that superphosphates and triplophosphates are also used as fertilizers, but their use contributes to an excessive acidification of the soil, requiring the use of increasing amounts of ground limestone used in an additional operation called "liming". Moreover, such a document mentions that the neutralizing power of super and triplophosphates is zero. The process described in PM 106717-9 uses the mixture of alkaline rock, apatite and phosphorite, as well as raw materials rich in silicon oxides and rich in magnesia, such as calcined or sintered magnesite, calcined dolomite, among other materials. As seen from PM 106717-9, the main P2O5-containing natural raw materials used in the manufacture of the above listed fertilizers are apatites and phosphorites. Originally these minerals had P2O5 contents ranging from 18% to 40% by mass based on the total mass of the mineral. Today, phosphorus mineral deposits with these levels are increasingly rare, with only 5% by weight of P2O5 based on the total mass of the mineral, or even less. By mineral concentration systems, such as flotation, these levels can be increased to ranges of 20% to 30% by weight of P2O5 based on the total mass of the mineral. However, the costs of these beneficiated minerals increased sharply, causing the prices of phosphoric fertilizers to rise significantly.
No Brasil, em algumas situações, o mineral utilizado apresenta um teor médio menor que 25% em massa de P2O5 com base na massa total do mineral, que precisa ser melhorado e isso é feito sistematicamente por peneiramento, pela separação dos finos, elevando esse teor para o desejável de aproximadamente 28 a 30% em massa de P2O5 com base na massa total do mineral. Infelizmente, os finos dessa separação granulométrica apresentam teores muito baixos que, para serem usados diretamente, seria obrigatória a utilização de minérios com mais de 30% em massa de P2O5, que são excessivamente caros. In Brazil, in some situations, the mineral used has an average content lower than 25% by weight of P2O5 based on the total mass of the mineral, which needs to be improved and this is done systematically by sieving, separating the fines, increasing this content. approximately 28 to 30 wt.% of P2O5 based on the total mass of the mineral is desirable. Unfortunately, the fines of this particle size separation have very low contents which, to be used directly, would require the use of ores with more than 30 mass% of P2O5, which are excessively expensive.
Uma solução de utilização desses finos seria em mistura com produtos com teores máximos de P2O5, como o superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel, com 44 a 50% em massa de P2O5, ou uma borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico com aproximadamente 28 a 57% em massa de P2O5. O principal inconveniente desse processo é que pela simples mistura, o produto final seria um adubo químico ácido, com pH = 4, detrimental ao uso como fertilizante no Brasil, onde os solos geralmente são ácidos, exigindo uma correção preliminar mais intensiva desse solo com o uso de calcários moídos, por exemplo. Portanto, é um objetivo da presente invenção fornecer um processo económico para produção de fertilizantes com pH alcalino, de aplicação prática e eficiente, tendo todas as propriedades inerentes do produto comercializado, obtidos a partir dos finos de rocha fosfática classificada enriquecida com superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel ou borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico e, subsequente fusão e resfriamento, sem a necessidade do uso de rochas fosfáticas concentradas por flotação, excessivamente caras. A solution for using these fines would be in admixture with products with maximum P2O5 contents, such as bulk triple superphosphate, with 44 to 50% by weight of P2O5, or a sludge from phosphoric acid manufacture with approximately 28 to 57% by weight. P2O5 mass. The main drawback of this process is that by simple mixing, the final product would be an acid chemical fertilizer, with pH = 4, detrimental to use as fertilizer in Brazil, where soils are generally acidic, requiring a more intensive preliminary correction of this soil with the soil. use of ground limestone, for example. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an economical process for producing alkaline pH fertilizers of practical and efficient application having all the inherent properties of the marketed product obtained from the triple superphosphate enriched classified phosphate rock fines marketed at bulk or sludge from the manufacture of phosphoric acid and subsequent melting and cooling without the need for excessively expensive flotation concentrated phosphate rocks.
SUMÁRIO DA INVENÇÃO SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A presente invenção refere-se a um processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, compreendendo as etapas de: a) mistura de rochas fosfáticas com baixo teor de P2O5 e superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel ou borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico; b) fusão do material obtido em (a); e c) resfriamento do fundido obtido da etapa (b). The present invention relates to a process for producing phosphate fertilizers comprising the steps of: a) mixing low P2O5 phosphate rock and triple superphosphate marketed in bulk from the manufacture of phosphoric acid; b) melting the material obtained in (a); and c) cooling the melt obtained from step (b).
A invenção refere-se, ainda, ao uso de superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel ou de borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico na mistura com rochas fosfáticas pobres em P2O5 para enriquecimento destas e obtenção de um fertilizante fosfatado de pH alcalino. The invention further relates to the use of triple superphosphate sold in bulk or sludge from the manufacture of phosphoric acid in admixture with P2O5 poor phosphate rocks for enrichment thereof and to obtain an alkaline pH phosphate fertilizer.
DESCRIÇÃO DETALHADA DA INVENÇÃO O processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados da invenção compreende as etapas de: (a) mistura de rochas fosfáticas com baixo teor de P2O5 e superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel ou borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico; (b) fusão do material obtido em (a); e (c) resfriamento do fundido obtido da etapa (b). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The process for producing phosphate fertilizers of the invention comprises the steps of: (a) mixing low P2O5 phosphate rock and triple superphosphate sold in bulk or sludge from manufacture phosphoric acid; (b) melting the material obtained in (a); and (c) cooling the melt obtained from step (b).
Além das rochas fosfáticas com baixo teor de P2O5 e do superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel ou borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico, água é adicionada na etapa (a) de mistura. In addition to the low P2O5 phosphate rocks and the triple superphosphate sold in bulk or sludge from phosphoric acid manufacture, water is added in the mixing step (a).
No processo para produção de fertilizantes da invenção as rochas fosfáticas, utilizadas na etapa (a), estão moídas e classificadas abaixo da malha de 100 mesh (150 mm), apresentando aproximadamente de 17% a 25% em massa de P2O5, com base na massa total das rochas fosfáticas. Além disso, estas rochas podem apresentar até 25% em massa de Fe203 com base na massa total das rochas fosfáticas. A borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico utilizada no processo da invenção apresenta aproximadamente 28% a 57% em massa de P2O5, com base na massa total da borra. Tal borra está na forma líquida e é aplicada em aspersão na etapa (a) do processo da invenção. A borra de ácido fosfórico é produzida pelo processo via úmida, por reação de ácido sulfúrico com a rocha fosfática. Na acidulação da rocha fosfática, utiliza-se uma menor quantidade de ácido sulfúrico. In the fertilizer production process of the invention the phosphate rocks used in step (a) are ground and classified below the 100 mesh (150 mm) mesh, having approximately 17% to 25% P2O5 mass based on total mass of phosphate rocks. In addition, these rocks can have up to 25% Fe 2 03 mass based on the total mass of phosphate rocks. The phosphoric acid sludge used in the process of the invention has approximately 28% to 57% by weight of P2O5, based on the total sludge mass. Such sludge is in liquid form and is applied by spraying in step (a) of the process of the invention. Phosphoric acid sludge is produced by the wet process by reaction of sulfuric acid with phosphate rock. In acidulation of phosphate rock, less sulfuric acid is used.
Por sua vez, o superfosfato triplo utilizado apresenta aproximadamente de 44% a 50% em massa de P2O5, com base na massa total do superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel. O superfosfato triplo é obtido na reação da rocha fosfática com ácido fosfórico a 50%. Na sua produção a rocha moída é enviada a balança dosadora, posteriormente encaminhada ao misturador, onde é adicionado o ácido fosfórico a 50%, dando início a reação. Essa mistura, em forma de polpa, flui continuamente para uma correia de reação, onde ocorre uma reação exotérmica, liberando gases e material particulado. Como resultado dessa reação, a polpa se transforma em um produto sólido de elevada porosidade e baixo peso específico. No final do percurso da correia de reação a camada de superfosfato formada é quebrada por um desintegrador. O produto final é levado ao armazém de cura, onde a reação se complementará. Após o período de cura é comercializado à granel. Quando o superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel é utilizado no processo, antes da etapa (b), é realizada uma briquetagem, sendo que, após a briquetagem, o material obtido é seco em secadores rotativos e peneirado. Tal peneiração é realizada sobre malha de 200 mesh (75 mm), em que a fração mais fina que 200 mesh (75 mm) retorna para a etapa (a), enquanto que os mais grossos que 200 mesh (75 mm) são ensilados para seguirem para a etapa (b). In turn, the triple superphosphate used has approximately 44% to 50% by weight of P2O5, based on the total mass of triple superphosphate sold in bulk. Triple superphosphate is obtained by reacting phosphate rock with 50% phosphoric acid. In its production the crushed rock is sent to the dosing scale, later sent to the mixer, where 50% phosphoric acid is added, initiating the reaction. This pulp-like mixture flows continuously into a reaction belt, where an exothermic reaction occurs, releasing gases and particulate matter. As a result of this reaction, the pulp becomes a solid product with high porosity and low specific weight. At the end of the reaction belt the superphosphate layer formed is broken by a disintegrator. The final product is taken to the cure warehouse where the reaction will complement each other. After the curing period is sold in bulk. When the triple superphosphate sold in bulk is used in the process prior to step (b), briquetting is performed, and after briquetting the material obtained is dried in rotary dryers and sieved. Such screening is performed on 200 mesh (75 mm) mesh, where the fraction finer than 200 mesh (75 mm) returns to step (a), while the thicker than 200 mesh (75 mm) is ensiled to proceed to step (b).
Após a etapa (a) de mistura e antes da etapa (b) de fusão, do processo da invenção, tanto quando se utiliza o superfosfato triplo, quanto se utiliza a borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico, obtém-se um material de pH ácido de aproximadamente 3,0 a 4,0. After the mixing step (a) and before the melting step (b) of the process of the invention, both when using triple superphosphate and using phosphoric acid sludge, an acidic pH material is obtained. from approximately 3.0 to 4.0.
Então, o material de pH ácido segue para o processo de fusão. A fusão é realizada em fornos elétricos a arco, de vazamento contínuo diretamente em água (quenching). A temperatura nos fornos é de 1200 a 1600 Ό, preferencialmente 1400 Ό. Then the acidic pH material proceeds to the melting process. The fusion is performed in electric arc furnaces, continuously poured directly into water (quenching). The temperature in the ovens is from 1200 to 1600 Ό, preferably 1400 Ό.
Após a fusão, a massa fundida na condição anterior é resfriada imediatamente com grandes quantidades de água (quenching) (etapa (c)), solidificando-se em grânulos amorfos/vítreos numa faixa ampla abaixo dos 850 micrometros. A relação de água/massa fundida é de 5 a 10 / 1 . After melting, the melt in the above condition is immediately cooled with large amounts of water (quenching) (step (c)), solidifying into amorphous / vitreous granules in a wide range below 850 micrometres. The water / molten mass ratio is 5 to 10/1.
Os grânulos amorfos/vítreos obtidos já são fertilizantes fosfatados alcalinos com pH maior do que ou igual a 9. O fertilizante obtido apresenta um teor de 18% ou maior em massa de P2O5 total com base na massa total do fertilizante. O fertilizante fosfatado é obtido na forma de um produto granulado, sendo que o produto granulado mais a água de resfriamento são enviados para um tanque de decantação para sua separação. Após a separação a água de resfriamento retorna ao processo e o fertilizante granulado é armazenado. Particularmente o fertilizante é um fertilizante termofosfatado fundido. The amorphous / vitreous granules obtained are already alkaline phosphate fertilizers with a pH greater than or equal to 9. The obtained fertilizer has a content of 18% or greater by mass of total P2O5 based on the total mass of the fertilizer. Phosphate fertilizer is obtained as a granulated product, and the granulated product plus cooling water is sent to a settling tank for separation. After separation the cooling water returns to the process and the granulated fertilizer is stored. Particularly the fertilizer is a fused thermophosphate fertilizer.
Além do processo, a invenção também se refere ao uso de superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel ou da borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico na mistura com rochas fosfáticas pobres em P2O5 para seu enriquecimento e obtenção de um fertilizante fosfatado de pH alcalino através do processo descrito acima. In addition to the process, the invention also relates to the use of bulk commercially available triple superphosphate or sludge from phosphoric acid manufacture in admixture with P2O5 poor phosphate rocks for enrichment and obtaining an alkaline pH phosphate fertilizer by the process described above. .
Em uma modalidade da invenção, o processo parte de uma rocha fosfática já moída e classificada granulometricamente, de baixo teor em P2O5, ao qual se adiciona superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel, fino, mais económico, mais água, indo diretamente para uma briquetadora e daí diretamente para um secador rotativo. Os briquetes secos passam por uma peneira para retirar os finos, que retornam ao processo de mistura e briquetagem novamente, e os retidos, que são reservados para a fusão em fornos elétricos a arco. Após fusão, continuamente o fundido é vazado em água para um resfriamento abrupto, granulando o fundido solidificado. A mistura produto granulado mais água de resfriamento é bombeada para um tanque de decantação, dando-se a separação da água que retorna ao processo e o granulado amorfo que é o produto desejado. In one embodiment of the invention, the process starts from an already ground, low-grade, P2O5-graded phosphate rock to which is added thin, more economical bulk triple superphosphate, plus water, directly into a briquette machine and thereafter. directly to a rotary dryer. The dried briquettes pass through a sieve to remove the fines, which return to the mixing and briquetting process again, and the retained ones, which are reserved for melting in electric arc furnaces. After melting, the melt is continuously poured into water for abrupt cooling, granulating the solidified melt. The granulated product plus cooling water mixture is pumped into a settling tank, separating the return water from the process and the amorphous granulate which is the desired product.
Em uma modalidade preferencial, uma rocha fosfática natural, já moída e classificada abaixo da malha de 100 mesh (150 mm), com aproximadamente 20% em massa de P2O5 é transferida para um misturador juntamente com superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel, fino, com aproximadamente 44% a 50% em massa de P2O5, mais água suficiente para consistência adequada para a briquetagem. A mistura assim obtida deve conter aproximadamente 28% em massa de P2O5 (base seca). Após briquetagem, o material é seco em secadores rotativos e são peneirados sobre malha de 200 mesh. A fração mais fina que 200 mesh (75 mm) retorna ao processo anterior de mistura e briquetagem enquanto que os mais grossos que 200 mesh (75 mm) são ensilados, aguardando o momento de entrar nos fornos de fusão, ou, se necessário, seguem diretamente para os fornos de fusão. In a preferred embodiment, a natural ground phosphate rock, classified below the 100 mesh (150 mm) mesh, with approximately 20% by weight of P2O5 is transferred to a mixer together with a thin, approximately triple bulk commercial superphosphate. 44% to 50% by weight of P2O5, plus sufficient water for proper briquetting consistency. The mixture thus obtained should contain approximately 28% by weight of P2O5 (dry basis). After briquetting, the material is dried. in rotary dryers and are sieved over 200 mesh. The fraction finer than 200 mesh (75 mm) returns to the previous mixing and briquetting process while the thicker than 200 mesh (75 mm) is ensiled, waiting to enter the melting furnaces or, if necessary, follow directly to the melting furnaces.
Em outra modalidade da invenção, o superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel, fino, pode ser substituído por borra de ácido fosfórico com aproximadamente 28 a 57% em massa de P2O5 e utilizar pequena quantidade de cal hidratada [Ca(OH)2] para acelerar a reação dos componentes com aumento respectivo de temperatura e evaporação de água. Os resultados da utilização de um ou outro componente de fósforo é opção do momento, sem prejuízo da qualidade do produto final, um composto briquetado com aproximadamente 28% em massa de P2O5 (base seca). In another embodiment of the invention, the fine bulk triple superphosphate may be replaced by phosphoric acid sludge with approximately 28 to 57 mass% of P2O5 and use small amount of hydrated lime [Ca (OH) 2 ] to accelerate the reaction of components with respective temperature increase and water evaporation. The results of the use of either phosphorus component is a matter of course, without prejudice to the quality of the final product, a briquetted compound with approximately 28% by weight of P2O5 (dry base).
Em uma outra modalidade da invenção, ao invés do superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel pode-se empregar borra de ácido fosfórico, contendo aproximadamente 28 a 57% em massa de P2O5 que, por se encontrar na forma líquida, é aplicado em aspersão. A rocha pobre é colocada dentro de um misturador rotativo contínuo, onde se asperge a borra de ácido fosfórico que reagem entre si instantaneamente. In another embodiment of the invention, instead of the triple superphosphate sold in bulk, phosphoric acid sludge containing approximately 28 to 57% by weight of P2O5 can be employed which, as it is in liquid form, is applied by spraying. The poor rock is placed inside a continuous rotary mixer, where the sludge of phosphoric acid that reacts with each other instantly sprays.
Usando-se o tipo de rocha pobre da Tabela I, apresentada abaixo nos Exemplos, com a adição da borra de ácido fosfórico como descrita acima, produz-se na saída do misturador um agregado empelotado granulado, já no formato adequado para a fusão. Isso evita a etapa de briquetagem, necessária no processo anterior, reduzindo mais o custo de fabricação. Tem ainda a vantagem de não ser necessária a eliminação dos finos que retornam ao processo, podendo ser enviado diretamente para os silos ou para os fornos de fusão. A rocha pobre inicial pode apresentar alto teor de Fe203 sem detrimento para o material após a mistura, e antes da fusão, que se apresenta com um pH ácido de aproximadamente 3,5. Using the poor rock type of Table I, shown below in the Examples, with the addition of the phosphoric acid sludge as described above, produces a granulated impellate aggregate, already in the shape suitable for melting, at the outlet of the mixer. This avoids the briquetting step required in the previous process, further reducing the manufacturing cost. It also has the advantage that no fines returning to the process need to be eliminated and can be sent directly to the silos or melting furnaces. Early poor rock may have a high content of 2 Fe 03 without detriment to the material after mixing and before melting, which is presented at an acid pH of approximately 3.5.
O inconveniente do processo da simples mistura dos finos com o superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel ou borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico, como mencionado acima, é completamente eliminado no processo de fabricação de termofosfatos da presente invenção, já que a mistura inicial (carga de alimentação do forno) será fundida, liquefeita com posterior resfriamento em água. A característica final do fertilizante termofosfatado fundido não é modificada, mantendo todas as propriedades inerentes do produto comercializado, assim como um pH desejado > 9. The drawback of the process of simply mixing the fines with the triple superphosphate sold in bulk or sludge from phosphoric acid manufacture, as mentioned above, is completely eliminated in the thermophosphate manufacturing process of the present invention, since the initial mixture (feedstock oven) will be melted, liquefied with subsequent cooling in water. The final characteristic of the melt thermophosphate fertilizer is not modified, maintaining all inherent properties of the marketed product as well as a desired pH> 9.
EXEMPLOS Exemplo de obtenção de rochas enriquecidas a partir de rochas pobres: EXAMPLES Example of obtaining enriched rocks from poor rocks:
Tabela I - Análises de Rochas Fosfáticas Pobres (% em massa) Table I - Analysis of Poor Phosphate Rocks (% by mass)
Figure imgf000010_0001
Figure imgf000010_0001
Nomenclatura: U+PF = Umidade + Perda por Calcinação a 9000C  Nomenclature: U + PF = Moisture + Calcination Loss at 9000C
RI + Si02 = Resíduo Insolúvel + Si02 IR + Si0 2 = Insoluble Residue + Si0 2
Média (1 ) = Teor Médio base seca  Average (1) = Average Dry Base Content
Média (2) = Teor Médio base calcinada Tabela II - Análise típica de superfosfato triplo (TSP) comercializado à ranel:
Figure imgf000011_0001
Average (2) = Average calcined base content Table II - Typical analysis of triple superphosphate (TSP) sold at ranch:
Figure imgf000011_0001
A análise química da mistura da rocha pobre homogeneizada conforme média da Tabela I anterior, à qual se adicionou superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel, conforme Tabela II, e após briquetagem segue na Tabela III abaixo. Chemical analysis of the homogenized poor rock mixture as shown in Table I above, to which triple superphosphate sold in bulk, as per Table II, and after briquetting is added follows Table III below.
Tabela III - Análises Química dos briquetes enriquecidos com superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel, prontos para o forno de fusão (% em massa): Table III - Chemical Analysis of triple superphosphate enriched briquettes sold in bulk ready for the melting furnace (% by mass):
Nomenclatura: U+PF = Umidade + Perda por Calcinação a 9000C Nomenclature: U + PF = Moisture + Calcination Loss at 9000C
RI + Si02 = Resíduo Insolúvel + Si02 IR + Si0 2 = Insoluble Residue + Si0 2
Média (1 ) = Teor Médio base seca  Average (1) = Average Dry Base Content
Média (2) = Teor Médio base calcinada  Average (2) = Average calcined base content
Tabela IV - Análise granulométrica de briquetes enriquecidos com superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel, prontos para o forno de fusão (% em massa): Table IV - Particle size analysis of triple superphosphate enriched briquettes sold in bulk ready for the melting furnace (% by mass):
(+) Malha ABNT 5 (4,0 mm) 51 ,7 % (+) ABNT 5 mesh (4.0 mm) 51.7%
(-) Malha ABNT 5 (4,0 mm) (+) Malha ABNT 18 (1 ,0 47,67 % mm) (-) Mesh ABNT 5 (4.0 mm) (+) Mesh ABNT 18 (1.0, 47.67% mm)
(-) Malha ABNT 18 (1 ,0 mm) 0,55 % Os briquetes assim obtidos são ensilados para posterior carregamento do forno ou, se necessário, podem ir diretamente para o forno. Outras matérias primas são adicionadas no forno conjuntamente com os briquetes (fonte de fósforo) compondo formulações diversas de termofosfatos fundidos. Após a fusão, o líquido quente, a aproximadamente 14000C, é vazado com jato de água para um resfriamento rápido (quench). O vidro resultante será um fertilizante do tipo termofosfato de cálcio, com a seguinte composição química típica, mostrada na Tabela V abaixo. (-) Mesh ABNT 18 (1.0 mm) 0.55% The briquettes thus obtained are ensiled for later loading from the furnace or, if necessary, can be moved directly to the furnace. Other raw materials are added in the oven together with the briquettes (source of phosphorus) composing various formulations of molten thermophosphates. After melting, the hot liquid at approximately 14000C is water jetted for quick quenching. The resulting glass will be a calcium thermophosphate-type fertilizer with the following typical chemical composition shown in Table V below.
Tabela V - Com osi ões uímicas de fertilizantes % em massa : Table V - With chemical fertilizer mass%:
Figure imgf000012_0001
Figure imgf000012_0001
Exemplo Comparativo: Comparative Example:
Tabela VI - Carga para Forno, com Rendimento da Fornada e Qualidade Final obtida empregando-se Rocha Fosfática acidulada com Table VI - Furnace Charge, with Furnace Yield and Final Quality obtained using acidulated Phosphate Rock
Superfosfato Triplo X Misturas de Rochas Fosfáticas Naturais Triple X Superphosphate Natural Phosphate Rock Mixtures
Três Rochas Fosfáticas Naturais Briquete de Rocha + Superfosfato Triplo Three Natural Phosphate Rocks Rock Briquette + Triple Superphosphate
Matérias Primas Rendimento kg/ton Matérias Primas Rendimento Kg/tonRaw Materials Yield kg / ton Raw Materials Yield kg / ton
Rocha "A" 400 Rocha+S. Triplo 705Rock "A" 400 Rock + S. Triple 705
Rocha "B" 220 Dunito, Serpentinito 537 Rock "B" 220 Dunito, Serpentinite 537
e Olivina  and Olivine
Rocha "C" 90 Rock "C" 90
Dunito, Serpentinito 490  Dunito, Serpentinite 490
e Olivina  and Olivine
Total 1200 Total 1237  Total 1200 Total 1237
Qualidade do Fundido Resfriado e Solidificado (Fertilizante) P205 Total 18,50 P205 Total 18,56 Sol.Ac.Citr.2% 17,88 P205 Sol.Ac.Citr.2% 17,72Cooled and Solidified Melt Quality (Fertilizer) P 2 0 5 Total 18.50 P 2 0 5 Total 18.56 Sol.Ac.Citr.2% 17.88 P 2 0 5 Sol.Ac.Citr.2% 17.72
CaO 27,94 CaO 28,18CaO 27.94 CaO 28.18
MgO 12,71 MgO 12,77MgO 12.71 MgO 12.77
Si02 20,51 Si02 20,20Si0 2 20.51 Si0 2 20.20
PH > 9 PH > 9 PH> 9 PH> 9

Claims

REINVINDICAÇÕES
1 . Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, caracterizado por compreender as etapas de: 1 . Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers, comprising the steps of:
a) mistura de rochas fosfáticas com baixo teor de P2O5 e superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel ou borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico; (a) mixture of low P2O5 phosphate rock and triple superphosphate marketed in bulk or sludge from phosphoric acid manufacture;
b) fusão do material obtido em (a); e b) melting the material obtained in (a); and
c) resfriamento rápido com água, do fundido obtido da etapa (b). c) rapid cooling with water of the melt obtained from step (b).
2. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado pelo fato de que água é adicionada na etapa (a). Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that water is added in step (a).
3. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 ou 2, caracterizado pelo fato de que as rochas fosfáticas, utilizadas na etapa (a), estão moídas e classificadas abaixo da malha de 100 mesh (150 mm). Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the phosphate rocks used in step (a) are ground and classified below the 100 mesh (150 mm) mesh.
4. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 3, caracterizado pelo fato de que as rochas fosfáticas, na etapa (a), apresentam aproximadamente de 17% a 25% em massa de P2O5, com base na massa total das rochas fosfáticas. Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the phosphate rocks in step (a) have approximately 17 to 25% by weight of P2O5 based on in the total mass of phosphate rocks.
5. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 4, caracterizado pelo fato de que as rochas fosfáticas apresentam até 25% em massa de Fe203 com base na massa total das rochas fosfáticas. Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the phosphate rocks have up to 25% by weight of Fe 2 0 3 based on the total mass of the phosphate rocks.
6. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 5, caracterizado pelo fato de que a borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico apresenta aproximadamente 28% a 57% em massa de P2O5, com base na massa total da borra. Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the sludge from phosphoric acid manufacture has approximately 28% to 57% by weight of P2O5, based on the total mass of blurs.
7. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 6, caracterizado pelo fato de que a borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico está na forma líquida. Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the sludge from the manufacture of phosphoric acid is in liquid form.
8. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 7, caracterizado pelo fato de que a borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico é aplicada preferentemente em aspersão na etapa (a). Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the sludge of phosphoric acid manufacture is preferably applied by spraying in step (a).
9. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 4, caracterizado pelo fato de que o superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel apresenta aproximadamente de 44% a 50% em massa de P2O5, com base na massa total do superfosfato triplo. Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the triple superphosphate sold in bulk has approximately 44% to 50% by weight of P2O5 based on the total mass of the product. triple superphosphate.
10. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 ou 9, caracterizado pelo fato de que, quando utiliza-se superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel, realiza-se a briquetagem antes da etapa (b). Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that when triple superphosphate sold in bulk is used, briquetting is performed prior to step (b).
1 1 . Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com a reivindicação 10, caracterizado pelo fato de que, após a briquetagem, o material obtido é seco em secadores rotativos e peneirado. 1 1. Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to Claim 10, characterized in that, after briquetting, the material obtained is dried in rotary dryers and sieved.
12. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 1 , caracterizado pelo fato de que o peneiramento é realizado sobre malha de 200 mesh. Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to claim 11, characterized in that the screening is carried out on a 200 mesh screen.
13. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com a reivindicação 12, caracterizado pelo fato de que a fração mais fina que 200 mesh retorna para a etapa (a), enquanto que os mais grossos que 200 mesh são ensilados para seguirem para a etapa (b). Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to claim 12, characterized in that the fraction finer than 200 mesh returns to step (a), while those thicker than 200 mesh are ensiled to proceed to step (b).
14. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 13, caracterizado pelo fato de que após a etapa (a) e antes da etapa (b), obtém-se um material de pH ácido. Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that after step (a) and before step (b) an acidic pH material is obtained.
15. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 14, caracterizado pelo fato de que a fusão é realizada em fornos elétricos a arco, de vazamento contínuo diretamente em água (quenching). Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the fusion is carried out in electric arc furnaces which are continuously poured directly into water (quenching).
16. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 15, caracterizado pelo fato de que após a etapa (c) obtêm-se fertilizantes com pH alcalino. A process for producing phosphate fertilizers according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that after alkaline pH fertilizers are obtained after step (c).
17. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 16, caracterizado pelo fato de que, preferencialmente, o pH do fertilizante é maior do que ou igual a 9. Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to any one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the pH of the fertilizer is preferably greater than or equal to 9.
18. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com a reivindicação 16 ou 17, caracterizado pelo fato de que o fertilizante obtido apresenta um teor de 18% ou maior em massa de P2O5 total com base na massa total do fertilizante. Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the fertilizer obtained has a content of 18% or more by weight of total P2O5 based on the total mass of the fertilizer.
19. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 18, caracterizado pelo fato de que o fertilizante é obtido na forma de um produto granulado. Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the fertilizer is obtained in the form of a granular product.
20. Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 19, caracterizado pelo fato de que, após a etapa (c), o produto granulado mais a água de resfriamento são enviados para um tanque de decantação para a separação da água e do produto granulado. Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that, after step (c), the granulated product plus cooling water are sent to a settling tank for the separation of water and granular product.
21 . Processo para produção de fertilizantes fosfatados, de acordo com a reivindicação 20, caracterizado pelo fato de que a água de resfriamento retorna ao processo após a separação. 21 Process for the production of phosphate fertilizers according to claim 20, characterized in that the cooling water returns to the process after separation.
22. Uso de superfosfato triplo comercializado à granel ou de borra da fabricação de ácido fosfórico, caracterizado por ser na mistura com rochas fosfáticas pobres em P2O5 para enriquecimento destas e obtenção de um fertilizante fosfatado de pH alcalino através do processo como definido em qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 21 . 22. Use of triple superphosphate sold in bulk or sludge from the manufacture of phosphoric acid, characterized in that it is mixed with phosphate rocks poor in P2O5 to enrich them and to obtain an alkaline pH phosphate fertilizer by the process as defined in any one of the above. claims 1 to 21.
PCT/BR2016/050041 2016-02-25 2016-02-25 Method for producing phosphate fertilizers from phosphate rock with a low p2o5 content and use of triple superphosphate or dregs from the production of phosphoric acid WO2017143415A1 (en)

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PCT/BR2016/050041 WO2017143415A1 (en) 2016-02-25 2016-02-25 Method for producing phosphate fertilizers from phosphate rock with a low p2o5 content and use of triple superphosphate or dregs from the production of phosphoric acid
BR112018017306-1A BR112018017306B1 (en) 2016-02-25 2016-02-25 PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PHOSPHATE FERTILIZERS FROM POOR PHOSPHATE ROCKS IN P2O5

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1406813A (en) * 1971-09-10 1975-09-17 Occidental Petroleum Corp Production of potassium polyphosphates from phosphate acid sludges
JPH02267178A (en) * 1989-04-05 1990-10-31 Minamikiyuushiyuu Kagaku Kogyo Kk Fused phosphate fertilizer and preparation thereof
CN1066051A (en) * 1991-04-25 1992-11-11 李江华 The method for making of active superphosphate fertilizer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1406813A (en) * 1971-09-10 1975-09-17 Occidental Petroleum Corp Production of potassium polyphosphates from phosphate acid sludges
JPH02267178A (en) * 1989-04-05 1990-10-31 Minamikiyuushiyuu Kagaku Kogyo Kk Fused phosphate fertilizer and preparation thereof
CN1066051A (en) * 1991-04-25 1992-11-11 李江华 The method for making of active superphosphate fertilizer

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