WO2017141011A1 - Charge sans fil - Google Patents

Charge sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017141011A1
WO2017141011A1 PCT/GB2017/050323 GB2017050323W WO2017141011A1 WO 2017141011 A1 WO2017141011 A1 WO 2017141011A1 GB 2017050323 W GB2017050323 W GB 2017050323W WO 2017141011 A1 WO2017141011 A1 WO 2017141011A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
resonant
antenna
frequency
resonant circuit
circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2017/050323
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Tore AUSTAD
David ENGELIEN-LOPES
Tor Øyvind VEDAL
Original Assignee
Nordic Semiconductor Asa
Samuels, Adrian James
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nordic Semiconductor Asa, Samuels, Adrian James filed Critical Nordic Semiconductor Asa
Publication of WO2017141011A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017141011A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H02J7/025—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/20—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
    • H04B5/24—Inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H04B5/79—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the wireless charging of electronic devices with rechargeable batteries or other means of storing electrical energy.
  • Modern portable electronic devices such as smartphones, tablets, wearables etc. typically require charging regularly e.g. on a daily basis.
  • chargers i.e. power adapters
  • micro-USB micro Universal Serial Bus
  • Lightning® connector used by Apple® users are still typically required to own several chargers.
  • AC alternating current
  • DC direct current
  • each charger has a mains plug housing the transformer and rectifier and a length of cable extending from the plug with a connector at the end that can be inserted into the portable device.
  • Wireless charging typically involves using an alternating magnetic field established by an antenna (typically a coil antenna) within a charging station or "pad” which is inductively coupled with a corresponding antenna (typically also a coil antenna) inside the portable device.
  • antenna typically a coil antenna
  • the portable device uses the power from the induced electrical current to charge its battery in the manner described above.
  • Rezence® has been developed by the Alliance for Wireless Power (A4WP).
  • A4WP Alliance for Wireless Power
  • Rezence® uses a field that varies with a frequency of 6.78 MHz.
  • QiTM - owned by the Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) - has been adopted by Nokia®, Samsung®, Huawei®, and Sony® and uses a fields that vary with a frequency between 80 and 300 kHz.
  • WPC Wireless Power Consortium
  • the Applicant has also appreciated that power may be harnessed from using the hardware provided for near-field communication (NFC) between devices, which typically uses fields at 13.56 MHz.
  • NFC near-field communication
  • the invention When viewed from a first aspect the invention provides an electronic device comprising:
  • a resonant circuit including said antenna and tuneable to at least first and second resonant frequencies
  • the device is arranged to tune said resonant circuit to the first or second resonant frequency and charge said energy store using an electric current induced in said antenna when placed in a magnetic field oscillating at the first or second resonant frequency to which the resonant circuit is tuned.
  • the invention extends to a method of operating an electronic device comprising an antenna, an energy store and a resonant circuit including said antenna and tuneable to at least first and second resonant frequencies, the method comprising tuning said resonant circuit to the first or second resonant frequency and charging said energy store using an electric current induced in said antenna when placed in a magnetic field oscillating at the first or second resonant frequency to which the resonant circuit is tuned.
  • an electronic device can supporting a plurality of different wireless charging standards which have different induction frequencies.
  • tuning the resonant circuit to an appropriate frequency allows the efficient transfer of energy from the charging station via the antenna to the energy store.
  • Adding a separate antenna for each charging standard would increase the cost and size of devices. However this is not required in accordance with the present invention as the same antenna can be used for multiple wireless charging standards. This allows embodiments of the invention to be provided with just a single antenna. Particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention can provide a "seamless" experience for users, whereby a user can place the portable device on any wireless charging station supporting one of the standards in order to charge the battery of the device without needing to worry about whether it is the right "kind" of station for their particular device
  • the device comprises a user interface in order to allow a user to select a wireless charging protocol to use.
  • This could be a physical switch or button or could be provided in software.
  • the user interface may, for example, include a button within an application running on the device or may be a setting within a settings menu of the device.
  • the device is arranged to determine automatically which frequency to select. This could be as a result of a signal received from a charging station, which signal could be visual, infra-red, ultrasonic, electromagnetic etc.
  • the device is arranged to receive the information via a near field communication (NFC) channel.
  • NFC near field communication
  • the device comprises a frequency detection section arranged to determine whether a frequency of the current induced in the antenna corresponds to one of the first or second resonant frequencies and to tune the resonant circuit accordingly.
  • a frequency detection section arranged to determine whether a frequency of the current induced in the antenna corresponds to one of the first or second resonant frequencies and to tune the resonant circuit accordingly.
  • one of the first and second resonant frequencies is approximately 6.78 MHz - this allows the device to support the known Rezence® charging frequency.
  • one of the first and second resonant frequencies is approximately 13.56 MHz - this allows the device to support charging at a frequency commonly used for near-field communication (NFC).
  • NFC near-field communication
  • the frequency detection section could be implemented in any of a number of ways that are known in the art per se.
  • the frequency detection section comprises a counter arranged to compare a number of cycles (e.g. rising or falling edges) of the induced current in a given time period to a plurality of predetermined values corresponding to the first and second resonant frequencies. This allows the relevant frequency to be readily determined using a relatively small number of components that do not use much power - without needing to use a central processing unit for example.
  • the resonant circuit could be could be implemented in any of a number of ways.
  • the resonant circuit comprises a capacitor.
  • the capacitor could be a variable capacitor to allow the resonant circuit to be tuned.
  • One or more additional components could be changed to provide the necessary tuning.
  • the resonant circuit comprises first and second capacitors and a switching arrangement to switch between a first and second capacitance to tune the resonant circuit to the first and second resonant frequencies respectively.
  • the switching arrangement could switch between the first and second capacitors or could switch one of them into or out of a circuit to provide the different
  • the tuning of the resonant circuit could be achieved partly or fully by changing the antenna. Whilst it was explained above that it is advantageous to be able to use a single antenna to support multiple charging standards in accordance with the invention, the Applicant also recognises that in some circumstances it would be desirable to use a change in the antenna to provide tuning. This could be achieved, for example, by switching part of the antenna in or out depending on the required resonant frequency. As a portion, possibly a major portion, would be common to both frequencies, at least some of the benefit of a single antenna may thus still be realised.
  • first and second resonant frequencies this should not be taken as limiting; three or more frequencies could be supported within the scope of the invention.
  • the electronic device comprises an integrated circuit device.
  • the antenna could be provided on the integrated circuit but typically it is provided separately.
  • a power supply module is provided between the antenna and the energy store. This would typically include a rectifier section and a regulator section.
  • the electronic device could be a portable device such as a smartphone, tablet, smart watch, laptop, wireless speaker etc.
  • the energy store would typically be a rechargeable battery but this is not essential. It could for example comprise a supercapacitor or any other form of electrical energy storage.
  • Figs. 1A and 1 B show, for reference purposes, only a typical device that supports wireless charging and a wireless charging station;
  • Fig. 2 illustrates, for reference purposes only, the operation of wireless charging;
  • Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of an electronic device with automatic frequency selection in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of an electronic device with manual frequency selection in accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figs. 1 A and 1 B show a typical device that supports wireless charging and a wireless charging station. Shown in Fig. 1A is a top-down view of a smartphone 2 that has wireless charging functionality which has been placed on a compatible wireless charging pad 4. The wireless charging pad 4 is connected to a mains outlet 6 via a plug 8 which is connected to the charging pad 4 by a length of cable 10.
  • Fig. 1 B shows a perspective view of the same smartphone 2 and charging pad 4.
  • the battery (not shown) within the smartphone 2 is inductively charged using a varying magnetic field established by the charging pad 4 (illustrated by the set of arrows 12). This process is described in greater detail with reference to Fig. 2 below.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the wireless charging operation carried out by the smartphone 2 and charging pad 4 of Fig. 1.
  • the smartphone 2 comprises an inductive receiver coil antenna 16, a receiver circuit 20 and a battery 24.
  • the charging pad 4 comprises a matching inductive transmitter coil antenna 18 and a transmitter circuit 22.
  • these coil antennae 16, 18 are formed as a loop antenna and arranged in a spiral or rectangular shape.
  • the transmitter coil antenna 18 within the charging pad 4 is connected to a transmitter circuit 22 that takes AC mains voltage from a wall socket 6 via the plug 8 and cable 10 and increases its frequency to a predetermined value specified in accordance with the wireless charging protocol to which the device 2 and pad 2 are designed.
  • This high frequency current is passed through the inductive coil antenna 18 which produces a time-varying magnetic field 12.
  • the time-varying magnetic flux lines that make up the field 12 are then "cut" by the receiver coil antenna 16, which induces a current in the receiver coil antenna 16.
  • the transmitter coil antenna 18 within the charging pad 4 is inductively coupled to the receiver coil antenna 16.
  • the induced current in the receiver coil antenna 16 is then passed to a receiver circuit 20 which shifts the voltage to the correct value and converts the AC current to DC so as to be suitable for charging the battery 24.
  • Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of an electronic device in the form of a smartphone 102 with automatic frequency selection in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device 102 comprises an antenna 116, a power supply module 120, a battery 124 and a frequency detection module 136.
  • the power supply module 120 comprises a tuning circuit 126 and a power control module 128.
  • the antenna 1 16 is connected to the tuning circuit 126 via an electrical interface
  • the tuning circuit 126 comprises a variable capacitance e.g. by means of a variable capacitor or a pair of different capacitors that can be switched e.g. using transistors. This allows the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit to be altered. For example it might be selectably operated at either 6.78 MHz or 13.56 MHz for use with Rezence® or for harnessing energy from an NFC field as desired.
  • the power control module 128, which is in turn connected to the battery 124, performs rectification and regulation of the current induced in the antenna 1 16 to provide a stable low voltage DC supply to the battery 124 in order to charge it.
  • the power control module 128 may also contain standard battery management features such as state of charge monitoring, full charge cut-off etc.
  • the frequency detection module 136 comprises a counter which counts edges, peaks or the like in the current induced in the antenna 116 and compares the count value with a number of stored values on a periodic basis. By counting the number of cycles (e.g. rising or falling edges) of the induced current that occur in a given amount of time, can be readily determined whether the frequency corresponds to a predetermined value. ln use the device 102 is placed on a charging station which induces a periodically varying current in the antenna 1 16 as previously described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2. The frequency detection module 136 counts cycles as described and thus determines whether the frequency of the induced current corresponds for example to the Rezence® charging protocol or to a frequency typical of an NFC field.
  • the frequency detection module 136 passes a signal back to the tuning circuit 126 to determine which capacitor to switch into the circuit in order to match the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit to the frequency detected. Once the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit matches the induced current from the charging station, the energy is transferred efficiently to the battery 124 via the power control module 128.
  • Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of an electronic device in the form of a smartphone 102 with manual frequency selection in accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device 202 comprises an antenna 216, a power supply module 220 and a battery 224.
  • the power supply module 220 comprises a tuning circuit 226 and a power control module 228.
  • the antenna 216 is connected to the tuning circuit 226 via an electrical interface 234 so that together they form a resonant circuit.
  • the tuning circuit 226 comprises a variable capacitance e.g. by means of a variable capacitor or a pair of different capacitors that can be switched e.g. using transistors. This allows the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit to be altered. For example it might be selectably operated at either 6.78 MHz or 13.56 MHz for use with Rezence® or for harnessing energy from an NFC field as desired.
  • the power control module 228 may also contain standard battery management features as previously mentioned.
  • a software application 230 running on the smartphone 202 such as a settings application presents a user with the two wireless charging options corresponding to using the Rezence® wireless charging protocol and for harnessing energy from an NFC field respectively via buttons 232a, 232b on a graphical user interface (GUI) e.g. using a touchscreen.
  • GUI graphical user interface
  • the GUI allows the user to select which wireless charging standard they wish to use i.e. which standard their wireless charging pad, or one to which they have access, uses.
  • the tuning circuit 226 is tuned to the corresponding frequency.
  • the tuning circuit 226 is tuned to 6.78 MHz such that the smartphone 202 can be charged from a Rezence® charging pad.
  • the tuning circuit 226 is tuned to 13.56 MHz such that the smartphone 202 can be charged by harnessing energy from an NFC field.
  • buttons could be presented that correspond to further wireless charging standards or methods.
  • the software application 230 passes a signal back to the tuning circuit 226 to determine which capacitor to switch into the circuit in order to match the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit to the frequency detected. Once the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit matches the induced current from the charging station, the energy is transferred efficiently to the battery 224 via the power control module 228.
  • the transmitter (not shown) and receiver coil antennae 116, 216 may also be used to send and/or receive control or data signals between the smartphone 102, 202 and the charging pad.
  • This may for example be implemented using near-field communication (NFC), particularly where the charging protocol uses a frequency at or near an NFC frequency.
  • NFC near-field communication
  • These signals might include the smartphone 102, 202 notifying the charging pad that it supports a particular wireless charging protocol such as Rezence® or that it supports NFC functionality.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif électronique (102 ; 202) qui comprend une antenne (116 ; 216) ; un accumulateur d'énergie (124 ; 224) ; un circuit résonnant (116, 126, 134 ; 216, 226, 224) comprenant ladite antenne (116 ; 216) et accordable à au moins des première et deuxième fréquences de résonance ; le dispositif étant conçu pour accorder ledit circuit résonnant (116, 126, 134 ; 216, 226, 224) à la première ou deuxième fréquence de résonance et charger ledit accumulateur d'énergie (124 ; 224) au moyen d'un courant électrique induit dans ladite antenne (116 ; 216) lorsqu'elle est placée dans un champ magnétique oscillant à la première ou deuxième fréquence de résonance à laquelle le circuit résonnant (116, 126, 134 ; 216, 226, 224) est accordé.
PCT/GB2017/050323 2016-02-18 2017-02-09 Charge sans fil WO2017141011A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1602848.2 2016-02-18
GB1602848.2A GB2547450A (en) 2016-02-18 2016-02-18 Wireless charging

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017141011A1 true WO2017141011A1 (fr) 2017-08-24

Family

ID=55752846

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2017/050323 WO2017141011A1 (fr) 2016-02-18 2017-02-09 Charge sans fil

Country Status (3)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2547450A (fr)
TW (1) TW201803249A (fr)
WO (1) WO2017141011A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11611245B2 (en) 2020-08-13 2023-03-21 Mediatek Singapore Pte. Ltd. Wirelessly charging mobile phone via notebook touchpad

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020017980A1 (en) * 2000-05-30 2002-02-14 Gakuji Uozumi Antenna device of interrogator
US20080129215A1 (en) * 2003-09-29 2008-06-05 Auckland Uniservices Limited Inductively-Powered Power Transfer System With One Or More Independently Controllable Loads
US20140141715A1 (en) * 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Broadcom Corporation Antenna solution for wireless power transfer - near field communication enabled communication device
US20150061403A1 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-05 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. Power supply device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8416721B1 (en) * 2007-09-19 2013-04-09 Marcellus Chen Method and apparatus for enhancing the power efficiency of wireless communication devices
US9912197B2 (en) * 2012-08-03 2018-03-06 Mediatek Singapore Pte. Ltd. Dual-mode wireless power receiver
KR102008808B1 (ko) * 2012-12-13 2019-10-21 엘지이노텍 주식회사 무선전력 수신장치 및 그의 제어 방법
CN107740639B (zh) * 2013-03-12 2019-10-25 品谱股份有限公司 具有多源能量收集回路的电子锁具
KR102047963B1 (ko) * 2013-05-02 2019-11-25 한국전자통신연구원 무선 충전 장치 및 방법
US20150180264A1 (en) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Cambridge Silicon Radio Limited Antenna for wireless charging

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020017980A1 (en) * 2000-05-30 2002-02-14 Gakuji Uozumi Antenna device of interrogator
US20080129215A1 (en) * 2003-09-29 2008-06-05 Auckland Uniservices Limited Inductively-Powered Power Transfer System With One Or More Independently Controllable Loads
US20140141715A1 (en) * 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Broadcom Corporation Antenna solution for wireless power transfer - near field communication enabled communication device
US20150061403A1 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-05 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. Power supply device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW201803249A (zh) 2018-01-16
GB2547450A (en) 2017-08-23
GB201602848D0 (en) 2016-04-06

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