WO2017136554A1 - System and method for timing input sensing, rendering, and display to minimize latency - Google Patents
System and method for timing input sensing, rendering, and display to minimize latency Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017136554A1 WO2017136554A1 PCT/US2017/016222 US2017016222W WO2017136554A1 WO 2017136554 A1 WO2017136554 A1 WO 2017136554A1 US 2017016222 W US2017016222 W US 2017016222W WO 2017136554 A1 WO2017136554 A1 WO 2017136554A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- time
- touch
- input
- application
- display
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
- G06F3/0418—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers for error correction or compensation, e.g. based on parallax, calibration or alignment
- G06F3/04184—Synchronisation with the driving of the display or the backlighting unit to avoid interferences generated internally
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
- G09G5/36—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of a graphic pattern, e.g. using an all-points-addressable [APA] memory
- G09G5/39—Control of the bit-mapped memory
- G09G5/393—Arrangements for updating the contents of the bit-mapped memory
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/06—Details of flat display driving waveforms
- G09G2310/067—Special waveforms for scanning, where no circuit details of the gate driver are given
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/08—Details of timing specific for flat panels, other than clock recovery
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2360/00—Aspects of the architecture of display systems
- G09G2360/12—Frame memory handling
- G09G2360/127—Updating a frame memory using a transfer of data from a source area to a destination area
Definitions
- the disclosed systems and methods relate in general to the field of user input to a touch sensitive device, and in particular to user input systems and methods which can reduce the latency between a most recent input event and the displaying of a rendered frame reflecting such input.
- FIG. 1 shows a diagram illustrating a prior double-buffered solution.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 show diagrams illustrating prior methods of rendering.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show diagrams illustrating embodiments of a solution to reduce lag by rendering faster and refreshing the screen faster.
- FIG. 6 shows a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the presently disclosed system and method in which a system is provided that times the rendering of the GUI.
- each block of the block diagrams or operational illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams or operational illustrations may be implemented by means of analog or digital hardware and computer program instructions.
- These computer program instructions may be stored on computer-readable media and provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, ASIC, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, implements the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams or operational block or blocks.
- the functions/acts noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the operational illustrations. For example, two blocks shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
- Interactive devices can be seen as a composition of multiple parts, including input sensory, processing and rendering tasks, and output display.
- the pipeline required to convert input sensory (e.g.: finger touch) into a visual response is not immediate; each action introduces latency for numerous reasons, such as time required to process information or, in the case of displays, frequency that the display uses to re-draw its entire screen, or parts of thereof.
- a system is only as fast as the slowest of the actions. For example, displays may only refresh once every 60Hz, which means that, if everything else is faster (or available) before the next refresh cycle, the system is forced to wait for the display to be ready to display the new information.
- the time to refresh the display and the time required to sample the input sensor and compute the touch point are known.
- the input sensing is delayed to coincide to end when the refresh is about to start.
- the rendering is started at the last possible moment so that it completes and the output is ready for the next display refresh. This just-in-time rendering will have access to the most recent input events; thus, the resulting display will include graphics with minimum amounts of latency.
- the time to refresh or the time to sample the input sensor are not known a priori and require measurements. Measurements are executed based on key timestamps, and this allows us to ensure temporal ordering and sequencing. Through measuring, the input sample rate and display refresh rate become known, and the rendering of the graphics can be timed as outlined above in order to minimize latency.
- such measurements are detected using external measure paraphernalia and user-input (or defined as constants).
- these measures vary according to system workload and measures are not precise, but mere attempts to reduce the wait for the display.
- the time required to render the output is a function of the complexity of the output and competing system activities (more complex outputs generally require more time to render, competing activities on the CPU or GPU can slow down rendering, and so on).
- the system estimates the rendering time based on some combination of: models of the output complexity; knowledge of competing activities on key system components; the time required to render previous frames; and, the time required to render similar outputs in the past.
- the system renders the output as soon as the display completes its vertical refresh and the appropriate buffer is available to render into. After rendering is complete, and until the next vertical refresh, the system updates this rendering based on additional input event samples by the input sensor. For example, the system might render a view of a GUI and then translate it based on additional input events until such a time as the rendering must be displayed.
- FIG. 1 shows a prior double-buffered solution.
- the display In such a solution, the display
- FIGS. 2 and 3 show a prior method of rendering.
- the GUI is rendered using the most recent input data and application state. Latency (lag) occurs when there is a difference between the application state (including input) when the GUI is rendered and when it's finally displayed on screen.
- the lag of rendering A is shown as the time between the start of rendering A and the vertical refresh that displays the result of rendering A on the screen.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show embodiments of a solution to reduce lag by rendering faster and refreshing the screen faster.
- a faster GPU in their system or other such improvements, and may run their display at a faster refresh rate (say 100Hz rather than 60Hz).
- the rendered graphics are both created faster and display faster onscreen to the user, thus reducing the time between the start of rendering and the display of the GUI to the user.
- this approach will reduce lag at the expense of more capable rendering engines and faster more expensive displays.
- FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the disclosed system and method wherein the rendering of the GUI is timed so that it finishes as close to the vertical refresh as possible. In this manner, the rendering can use the most recently available input from the user and most recently available application state to produce the rendered image, thus reducing lag.
- a system and method are provided for decreasing latency between an acquisition of touch data and processing of an associated rendering task in a touch sensitive device having a touch sensing system capable of producing touch data at a touch sampling rate and having a display system that displays frames at a refresh rate.
- the system estimates at least one of (a) a period of time for sampling touch data from the touch sensing system, (b) a period of time for computing touch event data from sampled touch data, and (c) a period of time for rendering of a frame to a frame buffer.
- the system determines a period of time Tc for (a) sampling touch data from the touch sensing system, (b) computing touch event data from sampled touch data, and (c) rendering of a frame to a frame buffer, based at least in part on the estimate.
- the system determines a point in time Tr at which the display system will be refreshed from the frame buffer.
- a sampling start time is computed based at least in part upon Tr and Tc.
- Sampling of the touch sensing system is initiated to obtain sampled touch data at the sampling start time.
- Touch event data is computed from the sampled touch data, and a frame that reflects the touch event data is rendered to the frame buffer prior to the time Tr.
- the display is then refreshed from the frame buffer.
- the system determines a period of time Tc required to compute touch event data from sampled touch data and render a frame to a frame buffer and a point in time Tr at which the display system will be refreshed from the frame buffer.
- the touch sensing system is sampled to create sampled touch data.
- Touch event data is computed from the sampled touch data, and the beginning of this computing step is delayed to occur at a point in time that is at least as early as (Tr - Tc).
- a frame is rendered to the frame buffer prior to the point in time Tr, and the display system is then refreshed from the frame buffer.
- a method for decreasing latency between an acquisition of touch data and processing of an associated rendering task in a touch sensitive device having (a) a touch sensing system capable of producing touch data a touch sampling rate and having a sampling sync, and (b) a display system that displays frames at a refresh rate having a refresh sync.
- Sampling of touch sensor output is commenced on a sampling sync and sampled output is placed in a sampling buffer at a sampling rate.
- Frame rendering to one of a plurality of display buffers is commenced on a refresh sync, and display images corresponding to a rendered frame are displayed on a refresh sync.
- a period of time Tc corresponding to an estimated time for collecting the output in the sampling buffer is determined, a period of time Tm corresponding to an estimated time for computing touch event data from collected output is determined, and a period of time Tr corresponding to an estimated time for rendering of a frame corresponding to the touch event data is determined.
- a start time is computed based upon the refresh sync, Tc, Tm and Tr, and collecting of the output in the sampling buffer is initiated at the start time. Thereafter, touch event data is computed from collected output and a frame corresponding to the touch event data is rendered.
- the swap buffer duration may be used to estimate when an image rendered by the application is ready to be presented by the display.
- alternative strategies for estimating the image availability may be employed; for example, without limitation, an alternative strategy for estimating the image availability may include monitoring of a buffer-based abstraction of the frame buffer (e.g. a queue, dual buffer, triple- buffer, (or any multi-buffer strategy) stack, hash, heap, linked list, doubly-linked list, etc.).
- an application can be provided with an API that allows it to specify the time required to perform a render, for example by indicating a render start and a render end.
- a random period of time may be chosen as an estimate the period of rendering.
- estimates of input sampling and/or output processing are used to adjust scheduling; thus, for example, the amount of time taken by various processes within a system may be monitored, and the scheduling of input sampling and/or output processing may be adjusted to compensate for that time.
- multiple overlapping schedules may exist, with multiple candidate outputs generated and a correct one chosen given a particular amount of time taken to perform rendering or otherwise process an input.
- one or more of the following may be monitored: sampling time, computing time (of one or more of the operating system, UI framework, application, or other process), rendering, the time required for the hardware to render a given input, and the time required to deliver an input to the application.
- time taken by, e.g., the operating system for input and output processing can be monitored and fed to a scheduler.
- the latency of the system is improved by scheduling the processing of input and the display of its effects on the screen. Such may be desirable when, e.g. , an operating system is leveraged in native mode, and no access is natively provided for insertion at the render. For a given duration of a processing step, improved latency may be achieved by scheduling that processing to take place after a particular input, or before a particular refresh of the display (or on a recurring, pre-determined or continuously adjusted schedule with respect to the input or display). In an embodiment, output and/or input events might be skipped. In an embodiment, input events from several input frames are be packed together by the scheduling process to be delivered to the application.
- scheduling is performed to determine when the rendering of an application's view should take place.
- scheduling of when the input delivery to the application is conducted and which sampled input should be included is considered, to ensure that the most recent input is the one which is processed and whose effects are shown on the screen.
- scheduling of input is conducted.
- scheduling of output is conducted.
- both are conducted.
- an operating system forwards event data (e.g., touch event data) to a process that consolidates and schedules the delivery of the event data to the application.
- the process may consolidate of multiple events, including events from a plurality of sensors (which may or may not run and similar sampling rates).
- scheduling the delivery to the application may be based on the input processing and output processing time for the consolidated events.
- the delivery of the events may be deferred until a point prior to the subsequent frame buffer switch (e.g., just prior to the subsequent frame buffer switch), but will nonetheless include the most recent information when delivered.
- the consolidated events are determined to exceed the available time left until a frame buffer switch, one or more of the consolidated events may be skipped, and thus the input decimated to permit display on the frame buffer switch.
- simultaneous (or near simultaneous) processing of multiple input samples may be performed. Such processing allows the decoupling of the input sampling from the scheduling process. Thus, in an embodiment, multiple samples of input are taken. When the time has come for an input to be processed for modifying the application state, that most recent event is sent to the application to update its state. In an embodiment, to mitigate time by an application updating its state multiple times between output frames, the application may be apprised of input only when it is appropriate for it to perform an update (and render). While this strategy is effective in reducing latency by only rendering the most recent event, it is possible that the skipped events might contain needed or desired information.
- input events are queued (or otherwise packed/grouped) and delivered as a group to the application (or otherwise processed simultaneously or near simultaneously), thus reducing the number of times an application updates its state.
- Such delivery of input events reduces the number of updates occurring, increases the likelihood that the input events are delivered at the correct time for a particular output method/process.
- applications may thus receive the same (or largely the same) input as they would otherwise without the benefit of this queueing.
- touch may be used to describe events or periods of time in which a user's finger, a stylus, an object or a body part is detected by the sensor. In some embodiments, these detections occur only when the user is in physical contact with a sensor, or a device in which it is embodied. In other embodiments, the sensor may be tuned to allow the detection of "touches” that are hovering a distance above the touch surface or otherwise separated from the touch sensitive device.
- touch event and the word “touch” when used as a noun include a near touch and a near touch event, or any other gesture that can be identified using a sensor.
- At least some aspects disclosed can be embodied, at least in part, in software. That is, the techniques may be carried out in a special purpose or general purpose computer system or other data processing system in response to its processor, such as a microprocessor, executing sequences of instructions contained in a memory, such as ROM, volatile RAM, non-volatile memory, cache or a remote storage device.
- processor such as a microprocessor
- a memory such as ROM, volatile RAM, non-volatile memory, cache or a remote storage device.
- Routines executed to implement the embodiments may be implemented as part of an operating system, firmware, ROM, middleware, service delivery platform, SDK (Software Development Kit) component, web services, or other specific application, component, program, object, module or sequence of instructions referred to as "computer programs.” Invocation interfaces to these routines can be exposed to a software development community as an API (Application Programming Interface).
- the computer programs typically comprise one or more instructions set at various times in various memory and storage devices in a computer, and that, when read and executed by one or more processors in a computer, cause the computer to perform operations necessary to execute elements involving the various aspects.
- a machine-readable medium can be used to store software and data which when executed by a data processing system causes the system to perform various methods.
- the executable software and data may be stored in various places including for example ROM, volatile RAM, non-volatile memory and/or cache. Portions of this software and/or data may be stored in any one of these storage devices.
- the data and instructions can be obtained from centralized servers or peer-to-peer networks. Different portions of the data and instructions can be obtained from different centralized servers and/or peer-to-peer networks at different times and in different communication sessions or in a same communication session. The data and instructions can be obtained in their entirety prior to the execution of the applications. Alternatively, portions of the data and instructions can be obtained dynamically, just in time, when needed for execution. Thus, it is not required that the data and instructions be on a machine-readable medium in entirety at a particular instance of time.
- Examples of computer-readable media include but are not limited to recordable and non-recordable type media such as volatile and non-volatile memory devices, read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory devices, floppy and other removable disks, magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media (e.g., Compact Disk Read-Only Memory (CD ROMS), Digital Versatile Disks (DVDs), etc.), among others.
- recordable and non-recordable type media such as volatile and non-volatile memory devices, read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory devices, floppy and other removable disks, magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media (e.g., Compact Disk Read-Only Memory (CD ROMS), Digital Versatile Disks (DVDs), etc.), among others.
- a machine readable medium includes any mechanism that provides (e.g., stores) information in a form accessible by a machine (e.g., a computer, network device, personal digital assistant, manufacturing tool, any device with a set of one or more processors, etc.).
- a machine e.g., a computer, network device, personal digital assistant, manufacturing tool, any device with a set of one or more processors, etc.
- hardwired circuitry may be used in combination with software instructions to implement the techniques.
- the techniques are neither limited to any specific combination of hardware circuitry and software nor to any particular source for the instructions executed by the data processing system.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018536510A JP2019505045A (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2017-02-02 | System and method for measuring input sensing, rendering, and display times to minimize latency |
DE112017000610.4T DE112017000610T5 (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2017-02-02 | A system and method for timing an input, a rendering, and a display to minimize latency |
CN201780019312.9A CN109074189A (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2017-02-02 | For being timed the system and method to minimize time delay to input sensing, rendering and display |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201662290347P | 2016-02-02 | 2016-02-02 | |
US62/290,347 | 2016-02-02 |
Publications (1)
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WO2017136554A1 true WO2017136554A1 (en) | 2017-08-10 |
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PCT/US2017/016222 WO2017136554A1 (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2017-02-02 | System and method for timing input sensing, rendering, and display to minimize latency |
Country Status (4)
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JP (1) | JP2019505045A (en) |
CN (1) | CN109074189A (en) |
DE (1) | DE112017000610T5 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017136554A1 (en) |
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CN110971972B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-12-17 | 北京凯视达科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for playing video, storage medium and electronic equipment |
CN113867517A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-31 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Touch method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
CN111984181A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-11-24 | Oppo(重庆)智能科技有限公司 | Picture refreshing method and device, terminal equipment and storage medium |
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US20120300123A1 (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2012-11-29 | Nokia Corporation | Processing image content for content motion or touch input |
WO2013110194A1 (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-01 | Research In Motion Limited | Touch display with variable touch-scan rate |
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US8797340B2 (en) * | 2012-10-02 | 2014-08-05 | Nvidia Corporation | System, method, and computer program product for modifying a pixel value as a function of a display duration estimate |
US9430067B2 (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2016-08-30 | Sony Corporation | Device and method for touch detection on a display panel |
US9529525B2 (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2016-12-27 | Nvidia Corporation | Methods and apparatus for reducing perceived pen-to-ink latency on touchpad devices |
CN103593155B (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2016-09-07 | 华为终端有限公司 | Display frame generating method and terminal device |
US10156976B2 (en) * | 2014-01-30 | 2018-12-18 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | System and method in managing low-latency direct control feedback |
US9710098B2 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2017-07-18 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus to reduce latency of touch events |
-
2017
- 2017-02-02 WO PCT/US2017/016222 patent/WO2017136554A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-02-02 DE DE112017000610.4T patent/DE112017000610T5/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-02-02 CN CN201780019312.9A patent/CN109074189A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-02-02 JP JP2018536510A patent/JP2019505045A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20120300123A1 (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2012-11-29 | Nokia Corporation | Processing image content for content motion or touch input |
WO2013110194A1 (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-01 | Research In Motion Limited | Touch display with variable touch-scan rate |
US20140204036A1 (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-07-24 | Benoit Schillings | Predicting touch input |
US20150194137A1 (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-09 | Nvidia Corporation | Method and apparatus for optimizing display updates on an interactive display device |
US20150355774A1 (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2015-12-10 | Sony Corporation | Adaptive touch panel synchronization |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN109074189A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
JP2019505045A (en) | 2019-02-21 |
DE112017000610T5 (en) | 2018-10-11 |
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