WO2017132856A1 - 一种滤波电路、射频抗干扰电路和射频信号发生电路 - Google Patents

一种滤波电路、射频抗干扰电路和射频信号发生电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017132856A1
WO2017132856A1 PCT/CN2016/073276 CN2016073276W WO2017132856A1 WO 2017132856 A1 WO2017132856 A1 WO 2017132856A1 CN 2016073276 W CN2016073276 W CN 2016073276W WO 2017132856 A1 WO2017132856 A1 WO 2017132856A1
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Prior art keywords
filter
filter circuit
module
optional
circuit
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2016/073276
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冷鹏
胡林亚
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Hytera Communications Corp Ltd
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Hytera Communications Corp Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2016/073276 priority Critical patent/WO2017132856A1/zh
Publication of WO2017132856A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017132856A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H17/00—Networks using digital techniques
    • H03H17/02—Frequency selective networks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to filtering, in particular to a filtering circuit, a radio frequency anti-interference circuit and a radio frequency signal generating circuit.
  • a filter is a circuit that only allows signals in a certain frequency range to pass normally while blocking another part of the frequency.
  • a filter can be used for filtering.
  • the working frequency band of a filter is fixed.
  • multiple filters are needed.
  • switches are used to switch between multiple filters according to different frequency bands. /O port resources and PCB area, increase costs.
  • the filter circuit comprises: at least one filter module, wherein at least one filter module is an optional filter module; the optional filter module comprises a basic filter component and at least one optional connection filter component, and the basic filter component is connected to the input of the other filter module or the filter circuit /output terminal, optional connection filter component is connected to the basic filter component through the switching component, wherein the optional connection filter component is a capacitor, an inductor, a transmission line, a microstrip or a resonant cavity; the switching component receives the control signal and is controlled under the control signal
  • the selected connection filter component is electrically or non-conducting with the basic filter component, and changes the cutoff frequency of the filter circuit when the electrical conduction is performed.
  • the basic filter component includes at least one resonant component, and at least one end of the resonant component is connected to an input/output terminal of another filtering module or a filtering circuit; each resonant component is in one-to-one correspondence with an optional connecting filtering component, and each optional connecting filter component
  • the two ends are respectively connected to the two ends of the resonant element through a switching element, wherein one of the optional connecting filter element and the resonant element is a capacitor, and the other is an inductor; when the switching element is electrically turned on, the filter element and the resonant element are optionally connected A parallel resonance is formed and the cutoff frequency of the filter circuit is changed.
  • the optional filtering module is a low-pass filtering module;
  • the resonant component is an inductor, and two ends of the resonant component are respectively connected to input/output ends of other filtering modules or filter circuits; or the resonant component is a capacitor, and one end of the resonant component is connected to the other The input/output terminal of the filter module or filter circuit is grounded at the other end.
  • the optional filter module is a high-pass filter module; the resonant component is a capacitor, and the two ends of the resonant component are respectively connected to the input/output terminals of other filter modules or filter circuits; or the resonant component is an inductor, and one end of the resonant component is connected to other filters.
  • the input/output of the module or filter circuit is grounded at the other end.
  • the switching element is a diode, a switching transistor, a field effect transistor or a switching chip.
  • the switching element is a PIN diode or a Schottky diode.
  • the filter circuit further includes at least one notch module.
  • One end of the notch module is connected to the input/output end of the other filter module or the filter circuit, and the other end is grounded.
  • the center frequency of the notch module is not in the pass band of the filter circuit.
  • the notch module and the optional filtering module are in one-to-one correspondence, one end of the notch module is connected to the input/output end of the other filtering module or the filtering circuit through the second switching element, the other end is grounded, and the second switching element receives the corresponding optional filtering
  • the control signal of the module when the control signal controls the second switching element to be electrically turned on, the trap module works, and the trap module does not work at other times.
  • control signals received by the switching elements of each of the optional filtering modules are independent of each other.
  • the radio frequency anti-interference circuit comprises: the filter circuit and the amplifier according to any one of the above items connected in sequence, wherein the signal is filtered by the filter circuit and sent to the amplifier for amplification.
  • the radio frequency signal generating circuit comprises: a radio frequency signal generator connected in sequence and a filtering circuit according to any one of the above, wherein the radio frequency signal generated by the radio frequency signal generator is filtered by the filtering circuit and output.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects of: adding an optional connection filter component to the filter circuit, and optionally connecting the filter component to connect the basic filter component through the switch component, the switch component receiving the control signal and making the optional connection filter component and the basic under the control signal control
  • the filter element is electrically connected, and the connection of the filter element can be selected when the electrical conduction is performed, and the cutoff frequency of the filter circuit is changed, thereby realizing the change of the switching element by changing the control signal to change whether the switching element is turned on in a filter circuit. Frequency, no need to use a filter circuit for each cutoff frequency and switch between multiple filter circuits with switches, saving I / O port resources and PCB area, reducing costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a filter circuit of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a filter circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a specific filter circuit of a second embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a frequency response diagram of a first filter signal and a second control signal of a specific filter circuit in a second embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a frequency response diagram of a specific filter circuit of the second embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention when the first control signal is at a high level and the second control signal is at a low level;
  • FIG. 6 is a frequency response diagram of a specific filter circuit of the second embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention when the first control signal and the second control signal are both at a high level;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optional filter module being low-pass and a resonant component being a capacitor in an embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an optional filter module of the embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention having a high pass and a resonant component being a capacitor;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an optional filter module of the embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention having a high pass and a resonant component being an inductor;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of a filter circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of a specific filter circuit of a third embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a frequency response diagram of a third control signal and a fourth control signal of a specific filter circuit of the third embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a frequency response diagram of a specific filter circuit of the third embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention when the third control signal is at a high level and the fourth control signal is at a low level;
  • FIG. 14 is a frequency response diagram of a third control signal and a fourth control signal of a specific filter circuit of the third embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a radio frequency anti-interference circuit of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a block diagram showing the structure of a first embodiment of the radio frequency signal generating circuit of the present invention.
  • the first embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention includes:
  • Two filter modules 1 and 2 are connected in sequence, wherein the filter module 1 is an optional filter module.
  • Two filtering modules are shown in the figure, one of which is an optional filtering module.
  • the number of actual filtering modules and the number of optional filtering modules in the filtering module can be determined as needed. If there is only one filtering module, the filtering module is an optional filtering module; if the number of filtering modules is greater than one, then at least one of the filtering modules is an optional filtering module, and the filtering modules are sequentially connected.
  • Each filter module can be low pass, high pass, band pass or band stop, depending on actual needs.
  • the optional filtering module 1 comprises a basic filtering element 11 and an optional connecting filtering element 12. Only one basic filter element 11 is shown in the figure, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the output of the other filter module 1 and the filter circuit, that is, the basic filter element 11 is connected in series in the path of the filter circuit.
  • the number of actual basic filter elements 11 may be one or more, and there is no excessive limitation thereto.
  • Each basic filter component can also have one end connected to the other filter module or the input/output of the filter circuit.
  • the optional connection filter element 12 is connected to the basic filter element 12 via a switching element 13.
  • the optional connection filter element 12 and the basic filter element 11 in the figure are connected in series via the switching element 13, and the actual optional connection filter element can also be connected in parallel with the basic filter element via the switching element.
  • the basic filter component and the optional connection filter component 12 are capacitors, inductors, transmission lines, microstrips or resonant cavities, and may also be other filter components such as crystal resonators, ceramic filters, surface acoustic wave filters, and the like.
  • the switching element 13 receives the control signal and electrically or non-conducts the optional connection filter element 12 with the basic filter element 11 under the control of the control signal. If more than one optional filtering module is included in the filtering circuit, the control signals received by the switching elements of each of the optional filtering modules may be independent of each other, that is, each control signal controls a switching element of an optional filtering module; or at least one The control signal controls the switching elements of at least two of the optional filtering modules.
  • the cutoff frequency of the filter circuit is changed.
  • the optional connection filter element 12 operates and changes the order of the filter circuit, thereby changing the cutoff frequency of the filter circuit.
  • the cutoff frequency of the filter circuit can be changed without changing the order of the filter circuit.
  • the basic filter component is a capacitor
  • the optional filter component is also a capacitor, and is connected in parallel with the basic filter component through the switch component.
  • the optional connection filter component is equivalent to the basic filter component as a new capacitor whose capacitance value is different from the capacitance value of the original basic filter component, thereby changing the cutoff frequency of the filter circuit.
  • the cut-off frequency of the filter circuit when the switching element is turned on is lower than the cut-off frequency of the filter circuit when the switch element is not turned on; when the filter circuit is In Qualcomm, when the switching element is turned on, the cutoff frequency of the filter circuit is higher than the cutoff frequency of the filter circuit when the switching element is not turned on; when the filter circuit is band pass or band stop, it is determined according to actual needs, and generally the switching element is turned on.
  • the 3dB bandwidth of the time filter circuit is smaller than when the switching element is not conducting.
  • an optional connection filter component is added to the filter circuit, and the optional filter component is connected to the basic filter component through the switch component, and the switch component receives the control signal and makes the optional connection filter component and the basic under the control signal control.
  • the filter element is electrically connected, and the connection of the filter element can be selected when the electrical conduction is performed, and the cutoff frequency of the filter circuit is changed, thereby realizing the change of the switching element by changing the control signal to change whether the switching element is turned on in a filter circuit. Frequency, no need to use a filter circuit for each cutoff frequency and switch between multiple filter circuits with switches, saving I / O port resources and PCB area, reducing costs.
  • the second embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention is further defined on the basis of the first embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention.
  • the basic filter component includes a first inductor L1 and a first capacitor C1, wherein the first The inductor L1 is a resonant element, and at least one end of the resonant element L1 is connected to an input/output terminal of another filter module or filter circuit.
  • the second capacitor C2 is an optional connection filter element, and its two ends are respectively connected to both ends of the resonance element L1 through one switching element 103.
  • the optional connection filter component C2 drawn in the figure is a capacitor, and the resonance component L1 is an inductance, or vice versa, as long as the connection mode of the resonance component in the filter circuit does not change the frequency response type of the filter circuit, for example, by low pass. For Qualcomm and so on. Only one optional connection filter element and one resonance element are shown in the figure. If there are more than one optional connection filter element and resonance element, the number of optional connection filter elements and resonance elements is the same, and each resonance element and each One optional connection filter element is in one-to-one correspondence.
  • capacitors and inductors in the figure can also be realized with open/short transmission lines or micro-bands.
  • the optional connection filter element is connected in parallel with the resonance element through the switching element, and one of the optional connection filter element and the resonance element is a capacitor, and the other is an inductor.
  • the switching element is turned on, a new one is formed.
  • the inductor and capacitor are connected in parallel for resonance, and the circuit design is convenient and can effectively change the cutoff frequency of the filter circuit.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a specific filter circuit according to a second embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention.
  • the filter circuit 100 is used for RF harmonic suppression and is a low-pass filter circuit.
  • the filter circuit 100 includes filtering modules 110, 120, and 130, wherein the filtering module 110 is a low-pass elliptical filtering module, and the filtering modules 120 and 130 are optional filtering modules.
  • the optional filtering module 120 includes a thirteenth inductor L13, a fourteenth inductor L14, a twenty-fourth capacitor C24, and a twenty-fifth capacitor C25, wherein the thirteenth inductor L13 and the fourteenth inductor L14 are resonant components. .
  • the resonant elements L13 and L14 are connected in series in the path of the filter circuit.
  • the first end of the thirteenth inductor L13 is connected to the filter module 110 through the coupling capacitor C14, and the second end is connected to the first end of the fourteenth inductor L14, and the fourteenth inductor L14
  • the second end of the second filter is coupled to the optional filter module 130 via a coupling capacitor C17.
  • the fifteenth capacitor C15 and the sixteenth capacitor C16 are optional connection filter elements, the fifteenth capacitor C15 is connected in parallel with the thirteenth inductor L13 through the switching elements D1 and D2, and the sixteenth capacitor C16 is passed through the switching elements D2 and D3 and Fourteen inductors L14 are connected in parallel.
  • the switching elements D1, D2 and D3 receive the first control signal.
  • the optional filtering module 130 includes a fifteenth inductor L15, a sixteenth inductor L16, a twenty-sixth capacitor C26, and a twenty-seventh capacitor C27, wherein the fifteenth inductor L15 and the sixteenth inductor L16 are resonant components. .
  • the resonant elements L15 and L16 are connected in series in the path of the filter circuit.
  • the first end of the fifteenth inductor L15 is connected to the optional filter module 120 through the coupling capacitor C17, and the second end is connected to the first end of the sixteenth inductor L16.
  • the second end of the inductor L16 is connected to the output of the filter circuit through a coupling capacitor C20.
  • the eighteenth capacitor C18 and the nineteenth capacitor C19 are optional connection filter components, the eighteenth capacitor C18 is connected in parallel with the fifteenth inductor L15 through the switching elements D4 and D5, and the nineteenth capacitor C19 is passed through the switching elements D5 and D6. Sixteen inductors L16 are connected in parallel. The switching elements D4, D5 and D6 receive the second control signal.
  • the filter circuit 100 has a pass band of 312-527 MHz for suppressing the second harmonic of 312 MHz and above.
  • FIG. 5 is a frequency response of the filter circuit 100 when the first control signal is at a high level and the second control signal is at a low level.
  • the frequency of the m1 point in the figure is 203. MHz, the corresponding amplitude-frequency response is -2.289dB; the frequency of m2 is 406
  • the frequency of m3 is 312MHz, the corresponding amplitude-frequency response is -2.522dB;
  • the frequency of m4 is 624MHz, and the corresponding amplitude-frequency response is -39.448dB.
  • the filter circuit 100 has a pass band of 203-312 MHz and is used to suppress second harmonics of 203 MHz and above.
  • the filter circuit 100 has a pass band of 143-203 MHz and is used to suppress the second harmonic of 143 MHz or more.
  • the cutoff frequency of the filter circuit 100 is changed to achieve harmonic suppression of different frequency bands.
  • the optional filtering module 10 in FIG. 2 is low-pass, one end of the resonant element L1 is connected to other filtering modules, and the other end is connected to the output end of the filtering circuit, that is, the resonant element L1 is connected in series in the path of the filtering circuit.
  • the optional filter module 20 is low-pass, and the resonant component is a third capacitor C3.
  • One end of the resonant component C3 is connected to the output end of the filter circuit, and the other end is grounded.
  • the optional connection filter component is the fourth inductor L4.
  • the optional filter module 30 is a high pass
  • the resonant element is a fifth capacitor C5
  • one end of the resonant element C5 is connected to another filter module, and the other end is connected to the output of the filter circuit.
  • the end, that is, the resonant element C5 is connected in series in the path of the filter circuit, and the optional connection filter element is the sixth inductor L6.
  • the optional filtering module 40 is a high-pass
  • the resonant component is a seventh inductor L7, one end of the resonant component L7 is connected to the output end of the filter circuit, and the other end is grounded
  • the optional filter component is the eighth capacitor C8.
  • the third embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention is based on the first embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention, further comprising a notch module 5 corresponding to the optional filter module 4, and the notch module 5 One end is connected to the output end of the filter circuit through the second switching element 51, and the other end is grounded.
  • the center frequency of the notch module 5 is not within the pass band of the filter circuit.
  • the second switching element 51 receives the control signal of the corresponding optional filtering module 4. When the control signal controls the second switching element 51 to be electrically turned on, the trap module 5 operates, and the other time trapping module 5 does not work.
  • the trapping module is added, which can block the passage of a signal of a specified frequency, and improve the suppression characteristic of the signal in the non-passband of the filter circuit.
  • the notch module does not have a one-to-one correspondence with the optional filtering module, and one end of the notch module is directly connected to the input/output end of the other filtering module or the filtering circuit, and the other end is grounded.
  • FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of a specific filter circuit according to a third embodiment of the filter circuit of the present invention.
  • the filter circuit 200 is used for RF harmonic suppression and is a low-pass filter circuit.
  • the filter circuit 200 includes filter modules 210, 220, 230 and notch modules 240, 250.
  • the filtering module 210 is a low-pass elliptical filtering module, and the filtering modules 220 and 230 are optional filtering modules.
  • the optional filtering module 220 includes a basic filtering element thirty-third inductor L33 and a forty-second capacitor C42, wherein the thirty-third inductor L33 is a resonant element.
  • the resonant element L33 is connected in series in the path of the filter circuit, the first end of which is connected to the filter module 210, and the second end is connected to the optional filter module 230 via the coupling capacitors C35 and C36.
  • the thirty-fourth capacitor C34 is an optional connection filter element, and is connected in parallel with the resonance element L33 through the switching elements D11 and D12.
  • the switching elements D11 and D12 receive the third control signal.
  • the optional filtering module 230 includes a basic filter element 34th inductance L34 and a forty-third capacitance C43, wherein the thirty-fourth inductance L34 is a resonance element.
  • the resonant element L34 is connected in series in the path of the filter circuit, and the first end thereof is connected to the optional filter module 230 through the coupling capacitors C35 and C36, and the second end is connected to the output end of the filter circuit 200 through the coupling capacitor C38.
  • the thirty-seventh capacitor C37 is an optional connection filter element, which is connected in parallel with the resonance element L34 through the switching elements D13 and D14.
  • the switching elements D13 and D14 receive the fourth control signal.
  • the trap module 240 includes a thirty-fifth inductor L35, a forty-fourth capacitor C44, and a eighteenth resistor R18.
  • the first end of the thirty-fifth inductor L35 is connected to the optional filtering module 220 through the second switching element D15 and the coupling capacitor C35, the second end is connected to the first end of the forty-fourth capacitor C44; the fourth fourteenth capacitor C44 is The two ends are grounded; the first end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected to the first end of the thirty-fifth inductor L35, and the second end is connected to the second end of the forty-fourth capacitor C44.
  • the second switching element D15 receives the third control signal.
  • the notch module 250 includes a thirty-sixth inductor L36, a forty-fifth capacitor C45, and a nineteenth resistor R19.
  • the first end of the thirty-sixth inductor L36 is connected to the optional filtering module 230 through the second switching element D16, the second end is connected to the first end of the forty-fifth capacitor C45; the second end of the forty-fifth capacitor C45 is grounded;
  • the first end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to the first end of the thirty-sixth inductor L36, and the second end is connected to the second end of the forty-fifth capacitor C45.
  • the second switching element D16 receives the fourth control signal.
  • the filter circuit 200 operates in the RF section.
  • the switching elements D11-D16 in the figure are PIN diodes, and may also be Schottky diodes, and R11-R17 are used to protect the switching elements D11-D16.
  • FIG. 12 is a frequency response of the filter circuit 200 when the third control signal and the fourth control signal are both low.
  • the frequency of the m1 point in the figure is 527. MHz, the corresponding amplitude frequency response is -2.668dB; the frequency of m2 point is 620
  • the corresponding amplitude-frequency response is -1.7910dB
  • the frequency of m3 is 310MHz, the corresponding amplitude-frequency response is -2.484dB
  • the frequency of m4 is 1.054GHz, and the corresponding amplitude-frequency response is -52.205dB.
  • the filter circuit 200 has a pass band of 310-527 MHz and is used to suppress the second harmonic of 310 MHz and above.
  • FIG. 13 is a frequency response of the filter circuit 200 when the third control signal is at a high level and the fourth control signal is at a low level.
  • the frequency of the m1 point in the figure is 204. MHz, the corresponding amplitude frequency response is -1.459dB; the frequency of m2 point is 408
  • the filter circuit 200 has a pass band of 204-310 MHz and is used to suppress the second harmonic of 204 MHz and above.
  • the filter circuit 200 has a pass band of 136-204 MHz and is used to suppress the second harmonic of 136 MHz and above.
  • the cutoff frequency of the filter circuit 200 is changed to achieve harmonic suppression of different frequency bands. Adding a notch module can improve the non-passband rejection characteristics of the filter circuit, and a better frequency response can be obtained by using fewer optional connection filter components.
  • the switching element is a diode, a switching transistor, a field effect transistor or a switching chip capable of receiving a control signal and switching between conducting and non-conducting under control of the control signal.
  • the switching element is preferably a PIN diode or a Schottky diode. This embodiment can be combined with any of the embodiments of the filter circuit of the present invention.
  • the first embodiment of the radio frequency anti-interference circuit of the present invention includes: a filter circuit 310 and an amplifier 320 connected in sequence, wherein the filter circuit 310 is the filter described in any one embodiment and possible combinations of the filter circuit of the present invention.
  • the circuit will not be described here.
  • the specific circuit architecture and component parameter selection of filter circuit 310 is determined based on the actual input signal and filtering requirements. Due to the insertion loss of the filter circuit 310, it is generally desirable for the amplifier 320 to amplify the filtered signal. The signal is filtered by filter circuit 310 and sent to amplifier 320 for amplification.
  • the first embodiment of the radio frequency signal generating circuit of the present invention includes: a radio frequency signal generator 410 and a filter circuit 420 connected in sequence, wherein the filter circuit 420 is any one of the embodiments and possible combinations of the filter circuit of the present invention.
  • the described filter circuit will not be described here.
  • the specific circuit architecture and component parameter selection of filter circuit 420 is determined based on the signal and filtering requirements generated by RF signal generator 410.
  • the radio frequency signal generated by the radio frequency signal generator 410 is filtered by the filter circuit 420 and output.

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Abstract

一种滤波电路（100，200，310，420）、射频抗干扰电路和射频信号发生电路。滤波电路（100，200，310，420）包括至少一个滤波模块（1，2，110，120，130，10，20，30，40，4，210，220，230），其中至少一个滤波模块（1，2，110，120，130，10，20，30，40，4，210，220，230）为可选滤波模块（1，120，130，10，20，30，40，4，220，230）；可选滤波模块（1，120，130，10，20，30，40，4，220，230）包括基本滤波元件（11）和至少一个可选连接滤波元件（12），基本滤波元件（11）连接其他滤波模块或滤波电路的输入/输出端，可选连接滤波元件（12）通过开关元件（13）连接基本滤波元件（11），其中可选连接滤波元件（12）为电容、电感、传输线、微带或谐振腔；开关元件（13）接收控制信号，并在控制信号控制下使可选连接滤波元件（12）与基本滤波元件（11）电导通或不导通，在电导通时改变滤波电路（100，200，310，420）的截止频率。

Description

一种滤波电路、射频抗干扰电路和射频信号发生电路
【技术领域】
本发明涉及滤波，特别是涉及一种滤波电路、射频抗干扰电路和射频信号发生电路。
【背景技术】
滤波器是只允许一定频率范围内的信号正常通过，而阻止另一部分频率通过的电路。
目前电子产品正在往宽频带的方向发展，在频段扩宽的同时，滤波变得越来越困难。单一频段时可以用一个滤波器来进行滤波，一个滤波器的工作频段固定，要完成宽频带的滤波需要多个滤波器，工作时根据不同频带使用开关在多个滤波器之间切换，占用I/O口资源和PCB面积，增加成本。
【发明内容】
为了至少部分解决以上问题，本发明提出了一种滤波电路。该滤波电路包括：至少一个滤波模块，其中至少一个滤波模块为可选滤波模块；可选滤波模块包括基本滤波元件和至少一个可选连接滤波元件，基本滤波元件连接其他滤波模块或滤波电路的输入/输出端，可选连接滤波元件通过开关元件连接基本滤波元件，其中可选连接滤波元件为电容、电感、传输线、微带或谐振腔；开关元件接收控制信号，并在控制信号控制下使可选连接滤波元件与基本滤波元件电导通或不导通，在电导通时改变滤波电路的截止频率。
其中，基本滤波元件包括至少一个谐振元件，谐振元件的至少一端连接其他滤波模块或滤波电路的输入/输出端；每个谐振元件与可选连接滤波元件一一对应，每个可选连接滤波元件的两端分别通过一个开关元件连接到谐振元件的两端，其中可选连接滤波元件和谐振元件的其中一个为电容，另一个为电感；开关元件电导通时，可选连接滤波元件和谐振元件形成并联谐振并改变滤波电路的截止频率。
其中，可选滤波模块为低通滤波模块；谐振元件为电感，并且谐振元件的两端分别连接其他滤波模块或滤波电路的输入/输出端；或谐振元件为电容，并且谐振元件的一端连接其他滤波模块或滤波电路的输入/输出端，另一端接地。
其中，可选滤波模块为高通滤波模块；谐振元件为电容，并且谐振元件的两端分别连接其他滤波模块或滤波电路的输入/输出端；或谐振元件为电感，并且谐振元件的一端连接其他滤波模块或滤波电路的输入/输出端，另一端接地。
其中，开关元件为二极管、开关三极管、场效应管或开关芯片。
其中，开关元件为PIN二极管或肖特基二极管。
其中，滤波电路进一步包括至少一个陷波模块，陷波模块一端连接其他滤波模块或滤波电路的输入/输出端，另一端接地，陷波模块的中心频率不在滤波电路的通带内。
其中，陷波模块与可选滤波模块一一对应，陷波模块的一端通过第二开关元件连接其他滤波模块或滤波电路的输入/输出端，另一端接地，第二开关元件接收对应可选滤波模块的控制信号；控制信号控制第二开关元件电导通时，陷波模块工作，其他时间陷波模块不工作。
其中，每个可选滤波模块的开关元件接收的控制信号相互独立。
为了至少部分解决以上问题，本发明提出了一种射频抗干扰电路。该射频抗干扰电路包括：依次连接的以上任一项所述的滤波电路和放大器，信号经滤波电路滤波后送入放大器进行放大。
为了至少部分解决以上问题，本发明提出了一种射频信号发生电路。该射频信号发生电路包括：依次连接的射频信号发生器和以上任一项所述的滤波电路，射频信号发生器产生的射频信号经滤波电路滤波后输出。
本发明的有益效果是：在滤波电路中加入可选连接滤波元件，可选连接滤波元件通过开关元件连接基本滤波元件，开关元件接收控制信号并在控制信号控制下使可选连接滤波元件与基本滤波元件电导通，电导通时可选连接滤波元件工作并改变滤波电路的截止频率，实现了在一个滤波电路内，通过改变控制信号来改变开关元件的是否导通，从而实现改变滤波电路的截止频率，无须为每个截止频率使用一个滤波电路并且用开关在多个滤波电路之间切换，节省I/O口资源和PCB面积，降低成本。
【附图说明】
图1是本发明滤波电路第一实施例的结构示意图；
图2是本发明滤波电路第二实施例的结构示意图；
图3是本发明滤波电路第二实施例一个具体滤波电路的电路图；
图4是本发明滤波电路第二实施例一个具体滤波电路第一控制信号和第二控制信号均为低电平时的频率响应图；
图5是本发明滤波电路第二实施例一个具体滤波电路第一控制信号为高电平且第二控制信号为低电平时的频率响应图；
图6是本发明滤波电路第二实施例一个具体滤波电路第一控制信号和第二控制信号均为高电平时的频率响应图；
图7是本发明滤波电路一个实施例中可选滤波模块为低通且谐振元件为电容的结构示意图；
图8是本发明滤波电路一个实施例中可选滤波模块为高通且谐振元件为电容的结构示意图；
图9是本发明滤波电路一个实施例中可选滤波模块为高通且谐振元件为电感的结构示意图；
图10是本发明滤波电路第三实施例的结构示意图；
图11是本发明滤波电路第三实施例一个具体滤波电路的电路图；
图12是本发明滤波电路第三实施例一个具体滤波电路第三控制信号和第四控制信号均为低电平时的频率响应图；
图13是本发明滤波电路第三实施例一个具体滤波电路第三控制信号为高电平且第四控制信号为低电平时的频率响应图；
图14是本发明滤波电路第三实施例一个具体滤波电路第三控制信号和第四控制信号均为高电平时的频率响应图；
图15是本发明射频抗干扰电路第一实施例的结构示意图；
图16是本发明射频信号发生电路第一实施例的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
如图1所示，本发明滤波电路的第一实施例包括：
依次连接的两个滤波模块1和2，其中滤波模块1为可选滤波模块。图中画出了两个滤波模块，其中一个为可选滤波模块。实际滤波模块的数量和滤波模块中可选滤波模块的数量可根据需要而定。如果只有一个滤波模块，那么该滤波模块为可选滤波模块；如果滤波模块的数量大于一个，那么其中至少一个滤波模块为可选滤波模块，并且滤波模块依次连接。每个滤波模块可以为低通、高通、带通或带阻，根据实际需要而定。
可选滤波模块1包括基本滤波元件11和可选连接滤波元件12。图中只画出了一个基本滤波元件11，其两端分别连接另一滤波模块1和滤波电路的输出端，即基本滤波元件11串联在滤波电路的通路中。实际基本滤波元件11的数量可以为一个，也可以更多，对此不做过多限制。每个基本滤波元件也可以只有一端连接其他的滤波模块或滤波电路的输入/输出端。
可选连接滤波元件12通过开关元件13连接基本滤波元件12。图中的可选连接滤波元件12与基本滤波元件11通过开关元件13串联，实际可选连接滤波元件也可以通过开关元件与基本滤波元件并联。基本滤波元件和可选连接滤波元件12为电容、电感、传输线、微带或谐振腔，也可以为晶体谐振器、陶瓷滤波器、声表面波滤波器等其他滤波元件。
开关元件13接收控制信号，并在控制信号控制下使可选连接滤波元件12与基本滤波元件11电导通或不导通。如果滤波电路中包括的可选滤波模块超过一个，每个可选滤波模块的开关元件接收的控制信号可以相互独立，即每个控制信号控制一个可选滤波模块的开关元件；也可以至少有一个控制信号控制至少两个可选滤波模块的开关元件。
控制信号控制开关元件13导通时，改变滤波电路的截止频率。图中所示的开关元件13导通时，可选连接滤波元件12工作并改变了滤波电路的阶数，从而改变滤波电路的截止频率。除此之外，也可以不改变滤波电路的阶数实现改变滤波电路的截止频率，例如基本滤波元件为电容，可选连接滤波元件也是电容，并通过开关元件与基本滤波元件并联，开关元件导通时，可选连接滤波元件与基本滤波元件等效为一个新的电容，其电容值与原基本滤波元件的电容值不同，从而改变滤波电路的截止频率。
为实现开关元件导通时改变滤波电路的截止频率，当滤波电路为低通时，开关元件导通时滤波电路的截止频率比开关元件不导通时滤波电路的截止频率低；当滤波电路为高通时，开关元件导通时滤波电路的截止频率比开关元件不导通时滤波电路的截止频率高；当滤波电路为带通或带阻时，根据实际需求决定，一般来说开关元件导通时滤波电路的3dB带宽比开关元件不导通时的小。
通过上述实施例的实施，在滤波电路中加入可选连接滤波元件，可选连接滤波元件通过开关元件连接基本滤波元件，开关元件接收控制信号并在控制信号控制下使可选连接滤波元件与基本滤波元件电导通，电导通时可选连接滤波元件工作并改变滤波电路的截止频率，实现了在一个滤波电路内，通过改变控制信号来改变开关元件的是否导通，从而实现改变滤波电路的截止频率，无须为每个截止频率使用一个滤波电路并且用开关在多个滤波电路之间切换，节省I/O口资源和PCB面积，降低成本。
如图2所示，本发明滤波电路的第二实施例，是在本发明滤波电路第一实施例的基础上，进一步限定：基本滤波元件包括第一电感L1和第一电容C1，其中第一电感L1为谐振元件，谐振元件L1的至少一端连接其他滤波模块或滤波电路的输入/输出端。第二电容C2为可选连接滤波元件，其两端分别通过一个开关元件103连接到谐振元件L1的两端。
图中所画的可选连接滤波元件C2为电容，谐振元件L1为电感，也可以反过来，只要谐振元件在滤波电路中的连接方式不会改变滤波电路的频率响应类型，例如由低通变为高通等。图中只画出了一个可选连接滤波元件和一个谐振元件，如果可选连接滤波元件和谐振元件的数量不止一个，那么可选连接滤波元件和谐振元件数量相同，且每个谐振元件与每个可选连接滤波元件一一对应。
在实际电路板的制作中，图中的电容和电感也可以用开路/短路的传输线或微带来实现。
通过上述实施例的实施，可选连接滤波元件通过开关元件与谐振元件并联，并且可选连接滤波元件和谐振元件的其中一个为电容，另一个为电感，开关元件导通时，形成了新的电感电容并联谐振，电路设计方便并且能有效的改变滤波电路的截止频率。
参考图3，图3是本发明滤波电路第二实施例一个具体滤波电路的电路图，滤波电路100用于射频谐波抑制，为低通滤波电路。滤波电路100包括滤波模块110、120和130，其中滤波模块110为低通椭圆滤波模块，滤波模块120和130为可选滤波模块。
可选滤波模块120包括基本滤波元件第十三电感L13、第十四电感L14、第二十四电容C24和第二十五电容C25，其中第十三电感L13和第十四电感L14为谐振元件。谐振元件L13和L14串联在滤波电路的通路中，第十三电感L13的第一端通过耦合电容C14连接滤波模块110，第二端连接第十四电感L14的第一端，第十四电感L14的第二端通过耦合电容C17连接可选滤波模块130。第十五电容C15和第十六电容C16为可选连接滤波元件，第十五电容C15通过开关元件D1和D2与第十三电感L13并联，第十六电容C16通过开关元件D2和D3与第十四电感L14并联。开关元件D1、D2和D3接收第一控制信号。
可选滤波模块130包括基本滤波元件第十五电感L15、第十六电感L16、第二十六电容C26和第二十七电容C27，其中第十五电感L15和第十六电感L16为谐振元件。谐振元件L15和L16串联在滤波电路的通路中，第十五电感L15的第一端通过耦合电容C17连接可选滤波模块120，第二端连接第十六电感L16的第一端，第十六电感L16的第二端通过耦合电容C20连接滤波电路的输出端。第十八电容C18和第十九电容C19为可选连接滤波元件，第十八电容C18通过开关元件D4和D5与第十五电感L15并联，第十九电容C19通过开关元件D5和D6与第十六电感L16并联。开关元件D4、D5和D6接收第二控制信号。
图4为第一控制信号和第二控制信号均为低电平时滤波电路100的频率响应。图中m1点的频率为527 MHz，对应的幅频响应为-3.987dB；m2点的频率为624 MHz，对应的幅频响应为-19.348dB；m3点的频率为312MHz，对应的幅频响应为-1.465dB；m4点的频率为873MHz，对应的幅频响应为-26.892dB。此时滤波电路100通带为312-527MHz，用于抑制312MHz及以上的二次谐波。
图5为第一控制信号为高电平且第二控制信号为低电平时滤波电路100的频率响应。图中m1点的频率为203 MHz，对应的幅频响应为-2.289dB；m2点的频率为406 MHz，对应的幅频响应为-17.438dB；m3点的频率为312MHz，对应的幅频响应为-2.522dB；m4点的频率为624MHz，对应的幅频响应为-39.448dB。此时滤波电路100通带为203-312MHz，用于抑制203MHz及以上的二次谐波。
图6为第一控制信号和第二控制信号均为高电平时滤波电路100的频率响应。图中m1点的频率为203 MHz，对应的幅频响应为-3.423dB；m2点的频率为295 MHz，对应的幅频响应为-18.402dB；m3点的频率为143MHz，对应的幅频响应为-1.963dB；m4点的频率为406MHz，对应的幅频响应为-32.574dB。此时滤波电路100通带为143-203MHz，用于抑制143MHz及以上的二次谐波。
可以看出，通过改变第一控制信号和第二控制信号的电位，改变滤波电路100的截止频率，实现不同频段的谐波抑制。
图2中的可选滤波模块10为低通，谐振元件L1的一端连接其他滤波模块，另一端连接滤波电路的输出端，即谐振元件L1串联在滤波电路的通路中。在本发明滤波电路的一个实施例中，如图7所示，可选滤波模块20为低通，谐振元件为第三电容C3，谐振元件C3的一端连接滤波电路的输出端，另一端接地，可选连接滤波元件为第四电感L4。
在本发明滤波电路的一个实施例中，如图8所示，可选滤波模块30为高通，谐振元件为第五电容C5，谐振元件C5的一端连接其他滤波模块，另一端连接滤波电路的输出端，即谐振元件C5串联在滤波电路的通路中，可选连接滤波元件为第六电感L6。或如图9所示，可选滤波模块40为高通，谐振元件为第七电感L7，谐振元件L7的一端连接滤波电路的输出端，另一端接地，可选连接滤波元件为第八电容C8。
如图10所示，本发明滤波电路的第三实施例，是在本发明滤波电路第一实施例的基础上，进一步包括与可选滤波模块4对应的陷波模块5，陷波模块5的一端通过第二开关元件51连接滤波电路的输出端，另一端接地。陷波模块5的中心频率不在滤波电路的通带内。第二开关元件51接收对应的可选滤波模块4的控制信号，控制信号控制第二开关元件51电导通时，陷波模块5工作，其他时间陷波模块5不工作。
通过上述实施例的实施，加入陷波模块，可以阻碍某个指定频率的信号通过，改善滤波电路非通带内对信号的抑制特性。
在其他可行的实施方式中，陷波模块不与可选滤波模块一一对应，陷波模块一端直接连接其他滤波模块或者滤波电路的输入/输出端，另一端接地。
参考图11，图11是本发明滤波电路第三实施例一个具体滤波电路的电路图，滤波电路200用于射频谐波抑制，为低通滤波电路。滤波电路200包括滤波模块210、220、230和陷波模块240、250。其中滤波模块210为低通椭圆滤波模块，滤波模块220和230为可选滤波模块。
可选滤波模块220包括基本滤波元件第三十三电感L33和第四十二电容C42，其中第三十三电感L33为谐振元件。谐振元件L33串联在滤波电路的通路中，其第一端连接滤波模块210，第二端通过耦合电容C35和C36连接可选滤波模块230。第三十四电容C34为可选连接滤波元件，通过开关元件D11和D12与谐振元件L33并联。开关元件D11和D12接收第三控制信号。
可选滤波模块230包括基本滤波元件第三十四电感L34和第四十三电容C43，其中第三十四电感L34为谐振元件。谐振元件L34串联在滤波电路的通路中，其第一端通过耦合电容C35和C36连接可选滤波模块230，第二端通过耦合电容C38连接滤波电路200的输出端。第三十七电容C37为可选连接滤波元件，通过开关元件D13和D14与谐振元件L34并联。开关元件D13和D14接收第四控制信号。
陷波模块240包括第三十五电感L35、第四十四电容C44和第十八电阻R18。第三十五电感L35的第一端通过第二开关元件D15和耦合电容C35连接可选滤波模块220，第二端连接第四十四电容C44的第一端；第四十四电容C44的第二端接地；第十八电阻R18的第一端连接第三十五电感L35的第一端，第二端连接第四十四电容C44的第二端。第二开关元件D15接收第三控制信号。
陷波模块250包括第三十六电感L36、第四十五电容C45和第十九电阻R19。第三十六电感L36的第一端通过第二开关元件D16连接可选滤波模块230，第二端连接第四十五电容C45的第一端；第四十五电容C45的第二端接地；第十九电阻R19的第一端连接第三十六电感L36的第一端，第二端连接第四十五电容C45的第二端。第二开关元件D16接收第四控制信号。
滤波电路200工作于射频段，图中的开关元件D11-D16为PIN二极管，也可以为肖特基二极管，R11-R17用于保护开关元件D11-D16。
图12为第三控制信号和第四控制信号均为低电平时滤波电路200的频率响应。图中m1点的频率为527 MHz，对应的幅频响应为-2.668dB；m2点的频率为620 MHz，对应的幅频响应为-17.910dB；m3点的频率为310MHz，对应的幅频响应为-2.484dB；m4点的频率为1.054GHz，对应的幅频响应为-52.205dB。此时滤波电路200通带为310-527MHz，用于抑制310MHz及以上的二次谐波。
图13为第三控制信号为高电平且第四控制信号为低电平时滤波电路200的频率响应。图中m1点的频率为204 MHz，对应的幅频响应为-1.459dB；m2点的频率为408 MHz，对应的幅频响应为-18.301dB；m3点的频率为310MHz，对应的幅频响应为-3.053dB；m4点的频率为620MHz，对应的幅频响应为-25.880dB。此时滤波电路200通带为204-310MHz，用于抑制204MHz及以上的二次谐波。
图14为第三控制信号和第四控制信号均为高电平时滤波电路100的频率响应。图中m1点的频率为204 MHz，对应的幅频响应为-3.441dB；m2点的频率为272 MHz，对应的幅频响应为-16.376dB；m3点的频率为136MHz，对应的幅频响应为-0.997dB；m4点的频率为408MHz，对应的幅频响应为-25.398dB。此时滤波电路200通带为136-204MHz，用于抑制136MHz及以上的二次谐波。
可以看出，通过改变第三控制信号和第四控制信号的电位，改变滤波电路200的截止频率，实现不同频段的谐波抑制。加入陷波模块可以改善滤波电路非通带的抑制特性，使用较少的可选连接滤波元件即可得到较好的频率响应。
在本发明滤波电路的一个实施例中，开关元件为二极管、开关三极管、场效应管或开关芯片，能够接收控制信号，并在控制信号的控制下在导通和不导通之间切换。当滤波电路应用于射频滤波时，开关元件优选为PIN二极管或肖特基二极管。本实施例可以与本发明滤波电路的任一实施例相结合。
如图15所示，本发明射频抗干扰电路的第一实施例包括：依次连接的滤波电路310和放大器320，其中滤波电路310为本发明滤波电路任一实施例及可能的组合中描述的滤波电路，在此不再赘述。滤波电路310的具体电路架构和元件参数选择根据实际输入信号和滤波要求而决定。由于滤波电路310存在插入损耗，一般而言需要放大器320对经过滤波的信号进行放大。信号经滤波电路310滤波后送入放大器320进行放大。
如图16所示，本发明射频信号发生电路的第一实施例包括：依次连接的射频信号发生器410和滤波电路420，其中滤波电路420为本发明滤波电路任一实施例及可能的组合中描述的滤波电路，在此不再赘述。滤波电路420的具体电路架构和元件参数选择根据射频信号发生器410产生的信号和滤波要求而决定。射频信号发生器410产生的射频信号经滤波电路420滤波后输出。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种滤波电路，其中：
    包括至少一个滤波模块，其中所述滤波模块为可选滤波模块；
    所述可选滤波模块包括基本滤波元件和至少一个可选连接滤波元件，所述基本滤波元件连接其他所述滤波模块或所述滤波电路的输入/输出端，所述可选连接滤波元件通过开关元件连接所述基本滤波元件，其中所述可选连接滤波元件为电容、电感、传输线、微带或谐振腔；
    所述开关元件接收控制信号，并在所述控制信号控制下使所述可选连接滤波元件与所述基本滤波元件电导通或不导通，在所述电导通时改变所述滤波电路的截止频率。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的滤波电路，其中，
    所述基本滤波元件包括至少一个谐振元件，所述谐振元件的至少一端连接其他所述滤波模块或所述滤波电路的输入/输出端；
    每个所述谐振元件与所述可选连接滤波元件一一对应，每个所述可选连接滤波元件的两端分别通过一个所述开关元件连接到所述谐振元件的两端，其中所述可选连接滤波元件和所述谐振元件的其中一个为电容，另一个为电感；
    所述开关元件电导通时，所述可选连接滤波元件和所述谐振元件形成并联谐振并改变所述滤波电路的截止频率。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的滤波电路，其中，
    所述可选滤波模块为低通滤波模块；
    所述谐振元件为电感，并且所述谐振元件的两端分别连接其他所述滤波模块或所述滤波电路的输入/输出端；
    或所述谐振元件为电容，并且所述谐振元件的一端连接其他所述滤波模块或所述滤波电路的输入/输出端，另一端接地。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的滤波电路，其中，
    所述可选滤波模块为高通滤波模块；
    所述谐振元件为电容，并且所述谐振元件的两端分别连接其他所述滤波模块或所述滤波电路的输入/输出端；
    或所述谐振元件为电感，并且所述谐振元件的一端连接其他所述滤波模块或所述滤波电路的输入/输出端，另一端接地。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的滤波电路，其中，
    所述开关元件为二极管、开关三极管、场效应管或开关芯片。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的滤波电路，其中，
    所述开关元件为PIN二极管或肖特基二极管。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的滤波电路，其中，
    所述滤波电路进一步包括至少一个陷波模块，所述陷波模块一端连接其他所述滤波模块或所述滤波电路的输入/输出端，另一端接地，所述陷波模块的中心频率不在所述滤波电路的通带内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的滤波电路，其中，
    所述陷波模块与所述可选滤波模块一一对应，所述陷波模块的一端通过第二开关元件连接其他所述滤波模块或所述滤波电路的输入/输出端，另一端接地，所述第二开关元件接收对应所述可选滤波模块的控制信号；
    所述控制信号控制所述第二开关元件电导通时，所述陷波模块工作，其他时间所述陷波模块不工作。
  9. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的滤波电路，其中，
    每个所述可选滤波模块的所述开关元件接收的所述控制信号相互独立。
  10. 一种射频抗干扰电路，其中，包括：
    依次连接的权利要求1-9中任一项所述的滤波电路和放大器，信号经所述滤波电路滤波后送入所述放大器进行放大。
  11. 一种射频信号发生电路，其中，包括：
    依次连接的射频信号发生器和权利要求1-9中任一项所述的滤波电路，所述射频信号发生器产生的射频信号经所述滤波电路滤波后输出。
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