WO2017130296A1 - Posture fixing shell and posture fixing shell system - Google Patents

Abstract

A posture fixing shell (3), in a state of being softened by the application of heat, is pressed against a head and neck (Pa) of a patient (P) placed on a base plate (2) to obtain a mold, and is attached to the base plate (2) to fix the head and neck (Pa) so as to not move. The posture fixing shell (3) has: a fixing shell part (5) for fixing the head and neck part (Pa) of the patient (P) to the base plate (2) so as to not move; and a restraining shell part (6) for fixing the shoulders (Pb) of the patient (P) to the base plate (2) so as to not move in a head-tail direction (Y). The present invention is capable of providing the posture fixing shell in which the fixing accuracy of the head or the head and neck does not decrease due to the movement of the shoulders.

Description

Fixed position shell and fixed position shell system

The present invention relates to a posture fixing shell and a posture fixing shell system for fixing a patient's head or head and neck so as not to move in radiation therapy or the like.

The posture fixing shell for fixing the patient's head, the subject's head, etc. is formed of a net-like sheet material made of thermoplastic resin. Place the patient on the base plate fixed to the top plate such as a treatment table. The shell is softened by applying heat and pressed against the patient's head to take the mold. The patient's head or the like is fixed to the base plate so as not to move by using the shell after being molded. Non-patent document 1 discloses a posture fixing shell system.

In a commonly used position-fixing shell system for the head or head and neck, a shell that is shaped to wrap the head or head and neck is placed, and both ends of the shell extend in the direction of the head and tail. It is fixed to. If a shell sized to extend to the shoulder is used, the left and right edges of the portion of the shell that wraps around the shoulder are fixed to the base plate side, extending in the head-to-tail direction at positions on both sides of the shoulder. ing. Thus, the head or head and neck of a patient or the like is fixed so as not to move during radiation therapy or the like.

The conventional position fixing shell system for fixing the head or head and neck has the following problems. Although the patient's head or head and neck are fixed so as not to move by the shell, the shoulder region can be moved, albeit slightly. When the patient moves the shoulder, the head and neck connected to the shoulder also moves although it is minute.

Since the head and neck is sandwiched by the shell from both sides in the width direction, movement in the width direction is prevented. However, movement in the head-to-tail direction cannot be reliably prevented. As the shell, a U-shaped fixed shell that is fixed to the base plate side at the left and right parts and the upper part of the head is known. Even in the case of the U-shaped fixed shell, when the patient tries to move the shoulder in the head-to-tail direction, the head fixed by the shell may move in the head-to-tail direction, particularly the caudal side.

An object of the present invention is to provide a posture fixing shell capable of preventing the adverse effect of fixing accuracy of the head or head and neck due to movement of the shoulder, and a posture fixing shell system using the posture fixing shell. There is.

The posture fixing shell of the present invention is
Thermoplastic for molding to a shape along the head or head and neck of a patient or subject placed on the base plate in a softened state by applying heat and fixing the head or head and neck to the base plate so as not to move A resin fixing shell,
Made of a thermoplastic resin for fixing to the base plate so as not to move in the head-to-tail direction by shaping into a shape along the left and right shoulders of the patient or subject in a softened state by applying heat A restraint shell,
It is characterized by having.

In the posture fixing shell of the present invention, movement of the shoulder of the patient or the like in the head-to-tail direction is prevented by the restraining shell portion. Due to the movement of the shoulder in the head-to-tail direction, the head or head and neck moves in the head-to-tail direction, and the adverse effect that the fixing accuracy by the fixed shell decreases can be solved.

In order to restrain the patient's shoulder so as not to move in the head-to-tail direction, the restraining shell portion includes a pair of left and right first fastening portions and a pair of left and right second fastening portions to be fastened to the base plate. It is desirable to have it. In this case, each of the first fastening portions is fastened to the base plate on the head side in the head-to-tail direction of the shoulder portion. Each of the second fastening portions is fastened to the base plate through left and right armpits of the patient or subject.

For example, the first fastening portion is a shell edge end portion of a predetermined length fastened to the base plate in a state extending in a direction different from the head-to-tail direction, and the second fastening portion is It is a shell edge end portion of a predetermined length that is fastened to the base plate so as to extend in the head-to-tail direction.

When the first and second fastening portions are arranged, the left and right shoulders of the patient and the like are connected to the first fastening portion from the head side in the head-to-tail direction when the first and second fastening portions are attached to the base plate. It is restrained by the shell part which is restrained by the shell part which is connected, and the site | part of armpits, such as a patient, is connected to the 2nd fastening part from both sides. The movement of the patient's shoulder in the head-to-tail direction is reliably prevented.

In this case, the first fastening portion can be fastened to the base plate in a state in which the first fastening portion faces a width direction orthogonal to the head-to-tail direction.

Next, the fixing shell and the restraining shell can be formed from a single shell.

For example, the shell has a rectangular portion that functions as the fixing shell and a wide rectangular shape that functions wider than the rectangular portion in a width direction perpendicular to the head-to-tail direction and functions as the restraining shell in a flat state before molding. It can be set as the shape provided with the part which connected between the rectangular part and the said wide rectangular part, and the narrow part which the said horizontal width is narrower than the said rectangular part. In this case, in the wide rectangular portion, left and right edge portions extending outward in the width direction from both sides in the width direction of the constricted portion are used as the first fastening portions, and the head-tail on both sides in the width direction. The left and right edge portions extending in the direction can be used as the second fastening portion.

The shell has an inverted U-shaped contour portion that functions as the fixing shell in a flat state before molding, and is wider in the width direction perpendicular to the head-to-tail direction than the inverted U-shaped contour portion, and serves as the restraining shell. It can be made into the shape provided with the functioning rectangular part. In this case, in the rectangular portion, left and right edge portions extending on both sides in the width direction continuously to the inverted U-shaped contour portion are used as the first fastening portions, and the head and tail directions are formed on both sides in the width direction. The extending left and right edge portions can be used as the second fastening portion.

Instead of forming from a single shell, two shells may be used, with one of the shells serving as the fixing shell portion and the remaining one shell serving as the restraining shell portion.

It is also possible to use three shells. In this case, one of the shells is used as the fixing shell, and the remaining two shells are used to restrain the left and right parts of the shoulder. It can be set as a restraining shell.

In this case, each of the restraining shell parts is a shell having a quadrilateral contour that is bilaterally symmetric in a flat unfolded state before molding, and the head side edge in the head-to-tail direction in the restraining shell part is The first fastening portion extending in the width direction orthogonal to the head-to-tail direction, and the caudal side in the head-to-tail direction extends in a direction inclined toward the caudal side in the head-to-tail direction toward the inside in the width direction. Each of the restraining shell portions is the second fastening portion, and the shoulder portion is fixed to the base plate in a state in which the restraining shell portions overlap with both widthwise portions of the fixing shell portion. It is desirable.

Next, the posture fixing shell system of the present invention includes a base plate and the posture fixing shell having the above-described configuration, and the base plate has a plate side first on which the first fastening portion can be detachably attached. A fastening part and a plate-side second fastening part to which the second fastening part can be detachably attached are provided.

As a fastening means for attaching the body position fixing shell to the base plate, conventionally used fastening pins, levers and the like can be used. Instead of this, between the first fastening part and the plate-side first fastening part and between the second fastening part and the plate-side second fastening part, using positioning pins and surface fasteners It can also be detachably coupled.

In the body position fixing shell according to the present invention, the restraining shell portion includes a pair of left and right third fastening portions fastened to the base plate in addition to the first and second fastening portions, and the third fastening portion. The attaching part is preferably a part that is fastened to the base plate at a position outside in the width direction perpendicular to the head-to-tail direction with respect to the left and right shoulders of the patient or subject placed on the base plate.

¡The patient's shoulder is fixed between the second fastening part and the third fastening part. As a result, the left and right shoulders are not only restrained from moving in the head-to-tail direction, but also reliably restrained from moving in the width direction. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the head or head and neck of a patient or the like from moving in the head-to-tail direction or the width direction as the left and right shoulder portions move.

Each of the first fastening portions is a shell edge end portion of a predetermined length that is fastened to the base plate in a state extending in a direction different from the head-to-tail direction, and the second fastening portion is It is a part fastened to a base plate at a position at a constant interval in the width direction perpendicular to the head-to-tail direction, and the third fastening portion is located outside the second fastening portion in the width direction. A shell edge end portion having a predetermined length attached to the base plate so as to extend in the direction can be used.

In this case, the first fastening portion and the third fastening portion can be shell edge portions having a predetermined length attached to the base plate in a state of being orthogonal to each other.

In the case of a posture fixing shell provided with a third fastening portion, the fixing shell portion and the restraining shell portion can be formed from a single shell.

In this case, for example,
The shell is in a flat unfolded state before molding,
A rectangular portion that functions as the fixing shell portion;
Wide in the width direction perpendicular to the head-to-tail direction than the rectangular portion, a wide rectangular portion that functions as the restraining shell portion;
A constricted portion connecting the rectangular portion and the wide rectangular portion, and having a narrower width than the rectangular portion;
With
In the wide rectangular portion, left and right edge portions extending from both sides in the width direction of the constricted portion to both sides in the width direction are the first fastening portions, and extend in the head-to-tail direction on both sides in the width direction. Left and right edge portions are the third fastening portions, and left and right portions separated from the left and right edge ends by the same distance inward in the width direction are the second fastening portions.

Alternatively, the shell can have the following shape: That is,
The shell is in a flat unfolded state before molding,
An inverted U-shaped contour portion that functions as the fixing shell portion;
A rectangular portion that is wider in the width direction perpendicular to the head-to-tail direction than the inverted U-shaped contour portion and functions as the restraining shell portion;
With
In the rectangular portion, left and right edge portions extending on both sides in the width direction continuously to the inverted U-shaped contour portion are the first fastening portions, and left and right extending in the head-tail direction on both sides in the width direction. The edge part of the left and right sides is the third fastening part, and the left and right parts separated from the left and right edge parts by the same distance inward in the width direction are the second fastening part.

Also, the posture fixing shell provided with the third fastening portion can be constituted by two shells. In this case, one shell is the fixing shell portion, and the remaining one shell is the restraining shell portion.

Next, the posture fixing shell system of the present invention is:
A base plate;
A body position fixing shell having the first to third fastening portions having the above-described configuration;
Have
The base plate includes a plate-side first fastening portion to which the first fastening portion can be detachably attached, and a plate-side second fastening portion to which the second fastening portion can be detachably attached, It is characterized by comprising a plate side third fastening part to which the third fastening part can be detachably attached.

In this case, between the first fastening part and the plate side first fastening part, between the second fastening part and the plate side second fastening part, and between the third fastening part and the plate. It is desirable to provide a positioning pin and a hook-and-loop fastener that are detachably coupled between the side third fastening portions.

It is a top view which shows the posture fixing shell used for the posture fixing shell system of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the top view and side view which show the baseplate used for the body posture fixed shell system of Embodiment 1. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the use condition of the body posture fixed shell system of Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a method for fastening the body posture fixing shell to the base plate in the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing another example of a posture fixing shell used in the posture fixing shell system of the first embodiment and an explanatory diagram showing a use state. It is a top view which shows the posture fixing shell used for the posture fixing shell system of Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is the top view and side view which show the baseplate used for the body posture fixed shell system of Embodiment 2. FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view showing a use state of the body posture fixing shell system according to the second embodiment. It is a top view which shows the body posture fixing shell used for the body posture fixing shell system of Embodiment 3 of this invention, and another example of the shell for heads. FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view illustrating a usage state of the body posture fixing shell system according to the third embodiment. It is a top view which shows the posture fixing shell used for the posture fixing shell system of Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the use condition of the body posture fixed shell system of Embodiment 4. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a usage state of the body posture fixing shell system according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a posture fixing shell used in the fifth embodiment. FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing a usage state of the postural fixed shell system according to the sixth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a body posture fixing shell used in the sixth embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a posture fixing shell system to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the drawings. Each embodiment is a typical example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[Embodiment 1]
1 is a partial perspective view showing a use state of the postural fixation shell system according to the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the postural fixation shell, and FIGS. 3A and 3B are views of the base plate. It is a top view and a side view. In these figures, the head-to-tail direction of the patient or subject placed on the base plate is shown as Y, and the direction orthogonal to this is shown as X. The base plate and the posture fixing shell also indicate the directions corresponding to these directions in the usage state. The description will be made with the direction Y and the width direction X. The same applies to the second and subsequent embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1, the posture fixing shell system 1 includes a base plate 2, a posture fixing shell 3 fastened to the base plate 2 in a removable state, and a head and neck support 4.

The body position fixing shell 3 is formed of a single sheet material made of a thermoplastic resin. In a state of being softened by applying heat, the mold is pressed against the head and neck Pa of the patient or subject (hereinafter simply referred to as “patient P”) placed on the base plate 2. The body position fixing shell 3 after being molded is attached to the base plate 2 and fixed so as not to move the head and neck Pa.

As shown in FIG. 2, the body-fixing shell 3 is orthogonal to the head-to-tail direction Y more than the rectangular fixing shell portion 5 and the fixing shell portion 5 in a planar development state before molding (before mold taking). It has a shape provided with a rectangular restraining shell portion 6 that is wide in the width direction X and a narrowest narrow portion 7 that connects between them. The fixing shell portion 5 is fixed to the base plate 2 so as not to move the head and neck portion Pa of the patient P placed on the base plate 2, and the restraining shell portion 6 does not move the shoulder portion Pb of the patient P in the head-to-tail direction Y. As shown in FIG.

The long and narrow hard plates 8a and 8b having a fixed width are fixed to the shell edge portions 5a and 5b on both sides in the width direction X of the fixing shell portion 5 along these. A plurality of, for example, three circular retaining holes 9 are formed in the hard plates 8a and 8b at regular intervals in the length direction thereof. The shell edge portions 5 a and 5 b to which the hard plates 8 a and 8 b are attached function as a fastening portion for removably fastening the fixing shell portion 5 to the base plate 2.

In the restraining shell portion 6, fixed long and narrow hard plates 10 a and 10 b extending in the width direction X along these are fixed to the left and right shell edge ends 6 a and 6 b on the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y. Yes. A plurality of, for example, three circular retaining holes 11 are formed in the hard plates 10a and 10b at regular intervals in the width direction X. The left and right shell edge ends 6 a and 6 b to which the hard plates 10 a and 10 b are attached function as first fastening portions for removably fastening the restraining shell portion 6 to the base plate 2.

In the restraining shell portion 6, notched edges 13 a and 13 b that are notched in a triangle from the head-side end in the head-to-tail direction Y to the inside in the width direction are formed at the shell edge ends on both sides in the width direction X. ing. Shell edge end portions 14a and 14b extending linearly in the caudal direction Y from the ends of the cutout edges 13a and 13b are formed. Elongated hard plates 15a and 15b having a constant width extending in the head-to-tail direction Y along these are fixed to the shell edge portions 14a and 14b. A plurality of, for example, three circular retaining holes 16 are formed in the hard plates 15a and 15b at regular intervals along the head-to-tail direction Y. The shell edge portions 14 a and 14 b to which the hard plates 15 a and 15 b are attached function as second fastening portions for removably fastening the restraining shell portion 6 to the base plate 2.

Here, the left and right first fastening portions (the first shell edge portions 6a and 6b to which the hard plates 10a and 10b are attached) are fastened by using fastening fasteners 17 as shown in FIG. In addition, the head P in the head-to-tail direction Y of the shoulder Pb of the patient P is attached to the base plate 2 in a state extending in a direction different from the head-to-tail direction Y. In this example, it is attached in a state extending in the width direction X orthogonal to the head-to-tail direction Y. The left and right second fastening parts ( shell edge parts 14a, 14b to which the hard plates 15a, 15b are attached) are also passed through the armpits Pc of the patient P, as shown in FIG. The base plate 2 is attached in a state extending in the head-to-tail direction Y.

Referring to FIG. 3, the base plate 2 is, for example, a carbon plate, a substantially rectangular plate portion 21 that is long in the head-to-tail direction Y, and a head-to-tail direction Y that is an edge on the tip side of the plate portion 21. And a rectangular frame portion 22 protruding from the central portion of the head side edge to the head side. The base plate 2 is fixed to the treatment table or the top plate (not shown) of the examination table. The plate portion 21 of the base plate 2 is formed with a pair of elongated openings 24 for handling that are used for carrying.

The left and right hard plates 15a and 15b, which are the second fastening portions of the body position fixing shell 3, are fastened by the fasteners 18 to the left and right edge portions on the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y of the plate portion 21 of the base plate 2. A plurality of circular retaining holes 25 for attachment are formed. The left and right retaining holes 25 are formed in two rows in the head-to-tail direction at regular intervals in the width direction, and each of the retaining hole rows has a plurality of intervals formed in the head-to-tail direction Y at regular intervals. It consists of a retaining hole 25. The portions where the left and right fastening holes 25 are formed function as plate-side second fastening portions, and here, the hard plates 15a, 15b attached to the left and right shell edge portions 14a, 14b of the body position fixing shell 3 The (second fastening portion) is fastened by the fastener 18.

On the left and right end surfaces 26a, 26b on the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y of the plate portion 21 of the base plate 2, a plurality of, in this example, three circular retaining holes 27 (see FIG. 1) is formed. The part in which these left and right fastening holes 27 are formed functions as a plate side first fastening part, and here, the rigid plates 10a, 10b attached to the left and right shell edge parts 6a, 6b of the body position fixing shell 3 ( The first fastening part) is fastened by the fastener 17.

The left and right side end faces 28a, 28b of the rectangular frame portion 22 of the base plate 2 are plate side fastening portions for fastening the left and right hard plates 8a, 8b of the fixing shell portion 5 of the body position fixing shell 3. Here, the hard plates 8 a and 8 b of the fixing shell portion 5 are sandwiched between the side end faces 28 a and 28 b and the fastening plates 29 a and 29 b and fastened by the fasteners 30. .

The head and neck support 4 is attached to the rectangular opening 22a of the rectangular frame portion 22 of the base plate 2 as shown in FIG. With the head and neck Pa of the patient P of the head and neck support 4 placed thereon, the head and neck Pa is fixed to the base plate 2 by the body position fixing shell 3.

In the posture fixing shell system 1, as shown in FIG. 1, the head and neck Pa of the patient P is fixed by the fixing shell portion 5 of the posture fixing shell 3. The first fastening portions ( shell edge portions 6a, 6b, hard plates 10a, 10b) of the restraining shell portion 6 of the body position fixing shell 3 are fastened to the left and right end surfaces 26a, 26b of the base plate 2, and are connected thereto. The shoulder Pb is restrained from the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y by the shell portion.

The second fastening portions ( shell edge portions 14a, 14b, hard plates 15a, 15b) of the restraining shell portion 6 are fastened to the surface portions on the left and right edges of the base plate 2, and the left and right shell portions connected thereto. Extends through the left and right armpits Pc of the patient P. The portions of the cut-out edges 13a and 13b formed at the right and left edge portions of the restraining shell portion 6 greatly extend during mold-taking (molding), and the root portion of the patient P's arm Pd to the shoulder is formed. It is a surrounding edge. These left and right shell portions restrain the armpit Pc portion from the left and right.

The movement in the head-to-tail direction Y of the shoulder Pb of the patient P is reliably restrained by the restraining shell 6. The movement of the shoulder portion Pb can prevent a problem that the fixing accuracy of the head and neck portion Pa is lowered.

(Another example of fastening to the base plate)
4A and 4B are diagrams showing another method for fastening the body posture fixing shell to the base plate, FIG. 4A is an explanatory view showing the plate side fastening portion, and FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows 1 and a 2nd fastening part. The illustrated fastening method is an example when applied to the posture fixing shell system 1 described above. Therefore, the parts corresponding to the respective parts of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

In this example, the restraining shell portion 6 of the body position fixing shell 3 is fastened to the base plate 2 side using a long and narrow surface fastener and a pair of positioning pins arranged on both sides thereof. A pair of pin holes 101 is formed in each of the hard plates 10a and 10b of the first fastening portion of the restraining shell portion 6 of the body position fixing shell 3, and a surface fastener 102 is attached between them. . A pair of pin holes 103 are also formed in the hard plates 15a and 15b of the second fastening portion of the restraining shell portion 6 of the body position fixing shell 3, and a surface fastener 104 is attached between them. In this example, the pin holes 101 and 103 have the same shape at the same interval, and the surface fasteners 102 and 104 are common.

On the side of the base plate 2, a pair of positioning pins 105 are attached to the left and right end surfaces to which the first fastening portion of the restraining shell portion 6 of the body position fixing shell 3 is fastened, and a surface fastener 106 is interposed between them. It is attached. The hook-and-loop fastener 106 can be coupled to the hook-and-loop fastener 102 on the posture fixing shell 3 side in a detachable state. A pair of positioning pins 107 are attached to the left and right edge portions of the base plate 2 where the second fastening portion of the restraining shell portion 6 is fastened, and a surface fastener 108 is attached between them. It has been. The hook-and-loop fastener 108 can be coupled to the hook-and-loop fastener 104 of the second fastening portion on the body fixing shell 3 side in a detachable state. In this example, the positioning pins 105 and 107 have the same shape and are arranged at the same interval, and the surface fasteners 106 and 108 are common.

The pin holes 101 and 103 of the first and second fastening portions of the restraining shell portion 6 of the body position fixing shell 3 are positioned on the plate side first and second fastening portion positioning pins 105 and 107 on the base plate 2 side, respectively. The two surface fasteners 102 and 106, and 104 and 108 are coupled to each other. As a result, the restraining shell portion 6 of the body position fixing shell 3 is fixed to the base plate 2 side. The fixing shell portion 5 side of the body position fixing shell 3 is fastened to the base plate 2 side by the same fastening method as in the first embodiment.

The method of fastening the body posture fixing shell to the base plate is not limited to the above method, and various methods can be adopted.

(Another example of fixed posture shell)
FIG. 5A is a plan view showing a body posture fixing shell that can be used in place of the body posture fixing shell 3, and FIG. 5B is an explanatory view showing a use state thereof. The posture fixing shell 113 of this example is different from the posture fixing shell 3 in that the first fastening portion for fixing the shoulder extends in a direction inclined by 45 degrees with respect to the head-to-tail direction Y. The other configuration is substantially the same as that of the posture fixing shell 3.

As shown in these drawings, the posture fixing shell 113 is rectangular in a flat state before molding (before molding) and is orthogonal to the head-to-tail direction Y than the fixing shell portion 115 and the fixing shell portion 115. It has a shape including a rectangular restraining shell portion 116 that is wide in the width direction X, and a narrow-width constricted portion 117 that connects them. The fixing shell portion 115 is fixed to the base plate 2 so as not to move the head and neck portion Pa of the patient P placed on the base plate 2, and the restraining shell portion 116 is prevented from moving the shoulder portion of the patient in the head-to-tail direction Y. Fix to the base plate 2.

Along each of the shell edge portions 115a and 115b on both sides in the width direction X of the fixing shell portion 115, long and narrow hard plates 118a and 118b having a constant width are fixed. A plurality of, for example, three circular retaining holes 119 are formed in the hard plates 118a and 118b at regular intervals in the length direction thereof. The shell edge portions 115 a and 115 b to which the hard plates 118 a and 118 b are attached function as a fastening portion for removably fastening the fixing shell portion 115 to the base plate 2.

In the constraining shell portion 116, the left and right portions on the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y are overhanging portions 116A and 116B having a constant width and extending outward at 45 degrees toward the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y. Yes. The shell edge portions 116a and 116b, which are the leading edges of the overhang portions 116A and 116B, are symmetrical edge portions extending in a direction inclined 45 degrees inward toward the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y. Elongated hard plates 120a and 120b having a constant width are fixed to the ends. A plurality of, for example, three circular retaining holes 121 are formed in the hard plates 120a and 120b at regular intervals. The left and right shell edge portions 116a and 116b to which the hard plates 120a and 120b are attached function as first fastening portions for removably fastening the restraining shell portion 116 to the base plate 2.

In the restraining shell portion 116, the shell edge ends 124a and 124b on both sides in the width direction X are straight along the head-to-tail direction Y on the caudal side in the head-to-tail direction Y of the left and right projecting portions 116A and 116B. It extends in a shape. Elongated hard plates 125a and 125b having a constant width extending in the head-to-tail direction Y along these are fixed to the shell edge portions 124a and 124b. A plurality of, for example, three circular retaining holes 126 are formed in the hard plates 125a and 125b at regular intervals along the head-to-tail direction Y. The shell edge portions 124 a and 124 b to which the hard plates 125 a and 125 b are attached function as a second fastening portion for removably fastening the restraining shell portion 116 to the base plate 2.

As shown in FIG. 5B, the left and right first fastening portions ( shell edge portions 116a and 116b to which the hard plates 120a and 120b are attached) are attached to the patient using the fastening device 17 for fastening. On the head side in the head-to-tail direction of the shoulder (not shown), the base plate 2 is attached in a state extending in a direction different from the head-to-tail direction. In this example, it is attached in a state extending in the width direction orthogonal to the head-to-tail direction. Since the shell material freely expands in a state where it is softened by applying heat, it is the same as the first fastening portion ( shell edge portions 6a and 6b to which the hard plates 10a and 10b are attached) of the body position fixing shell 3 described above. It can be installed at any position. As shown in FIG. 5B, the left and right second fastening portions ( shell edge portions 124a and 124b to which the hard plates 125a and 125b are attached) are also attached to the patient's armpit ( It is attached to the base plate 2 so as to extend in the head-to-tail direction Y.

In this example, the shell edge portions 116a and 116b of the first fastening portion extend in a direction inclined at 45 degrees, but a shell edge end portion having an inclination angle other than 45 degrees may be formed. In any case, it can be fastened at a fixed fastening position on the side of the base plate 2 by the elongation of the shell material softened by applying heat.

[Embodiment 2]
6 is a partial perspective view showing a use state of the posture fixing shell system according to the second embodiment, FIG. 7 is a plan view of the posture fixing shell, and FIGS. 8A and 8B are views of the base plate. It is a top view and a side view.

As shown in FIG. 6, the posture fixing shell system 40 according to the second embodiment includes a base plate 42B that is detachably attached to a top plate 42A such as a treatment table, and a posture fixing that is detachably fastened to the base plate 42B. A shell 43 and a head and neck support 44 are provided.

The body position fixing shell 43 is formed of a single sheet material made of a thermoplastic resin. In a state of being softened by applying heat, it is pressed against the head and neck (not shown) of a patient or subject (hereinafter simply referred to as “patient”) placed on the base plate 42B to take a mold. The body position fixing shell 43 after being molded is attached to the base plate 42B and fixed so as not to move the head and neck.

As shown in FIG. 7, the body position fixing shell 43 includes a fixed shell portion 45 having an inverted U-shaped contour and a substantially rectangular contour constraint wider in the width direction X than the fixing shell portion 45 in a planar development state before molding. And a shell portion 46. The fixing shell portion 45 is fixed to the base plate 42B so as not to move the patient's head and neck mounted on the base plate 42B, and the restraining shell portion 46 is prevented from moving the patient's shoulder portion in the head-to-tail direction Y. (See FIG. 6).

From the left and right ends of the inverted U-shaped contour of the fixing shell 45 and the left and right ends of the shell edge 45a to the outer ends of the left and right first shell edges 46a of the restraining shell 46 The inverted U-shaped hard plate 48 having a constant width is fixed from above and below in a state of being sandwiched from both sides.

The shell edge portion 45a of the fixing shell portion 45 to which the plate portion 48a having the inverted U-shaped contour of the hard plate 48 is attached is a fastening portion fastened to the base plate 42B. The hard plate 48 includes left and right plate portions 48b and 48c that extend in the direction slightly inclined toward the caudal side in the head-to-tail direction Y from the left and right ends of the inverted U-shaped contour portion toward the outside in the width direction X. I have. The left and right shell edge ends 46a, 46b of the restraining shell portion 46 attached to the plate portions 48b, 48c function as first fastening portions for fastening the restraining shell portion 46 to the base plate 42B.

In the restraining shell portion 46, notched edges 49 a and 49 b that are corrugated and formed at portions in the middle of the head-to-tail direction Y are formed at the shell edge ends on both sides in the width direction X. From the caudal ends in the head-to-tail direction Y of the cut-out edges 49a, 49b, shell edge end portions 50a, 50b extending linearly to the caudal side in the head-to-tail direction Y are formed. Fixed to the shell edge portions 50a and 50b are long and narrow rigid plates 51a and 51b extending in the head-to-tail direction Y along these. On the hard plates 51a and 51b, fastener mounting grooves 51 that open outward in the width direction X are formed at a plurality of locations, for example, two locations, at regular intervals along the head-to-tail direction Y. The left and right second shell edge portions 50a, 50b to which the hard plates 51a, 51b are attached function as second fastening portions for removably fastening the restraining shell portion 46 to the base plate 42B.

As shown in FIG. 8, the base plate 42B has a slightly larger outline shape corresponding to the body position fixing shell 43, the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y is a narrow rectangular part, and the tail side is a wide rectangular part. It has become a part. A rectangular opening 53 for mounting the head and neck support 44 is formed at the center in the width direction.

Fastening levers 54 are attached to the left and right corners of a narrow rectangular portion of the base plate 42B. The base plate 42B has a concave curved edge that extends to the left and right between a narrow rectangular portion and a wide rectangular portion. A fastening lever 54 is also attached to each of these edge portions. It has been. The rigid plate 48 (see FIG. 7) attached in the range from the fixing shell portion 45 to the restraining shell portion 46 in the body posture fixing shell 43 is fastened to the base plate 42 </ b> B by the fastening lever 54.

In the restraining shell portion 46 of the body position fixing shell 43, the left and right plate portions 48b, 48c of the rigid plate 48 are located on the base side of the patient's shoulder in the head-to-tail direction Y as shown in FIGS. 42B is attached in a state extending in a direction different from the head-to-tail direction Y. In this example, it is attached in a state extending substantially in the width direction X.

The left and right hard plates 51a and 51b of the restraining shell portion 46 are passed through the fastener mounting grooves 52 and fastened to the base plate 42B by the fastened fasteners 55. The shell portions connected to the hard plates 51a and 51b are attached to the base plate 42B so as to extend in the head-to-tail direction Y through the left and right armpits of the patient P. The portions of the cut-out edges 49a and 49b formed at the left and right edge portions of the restraining shell portion 46 are greatly extended at the time of molding (molding), and are edge portions surrounding the patient's arm.

In the posture fixing shell system 40, the head and neck of the patient is fixed by the fixing shell portion 45 of the posture fixing shell 43 as shown in FIG. The first fastening portions ( shell edge portions 46a and 46b, left and right plate portions 48b and 48c of the hard plate 48) of the restraining shell portion 46 of the body position fixing shell 43 are fastened to the left and right edge portions of the base plate 42B. The shoulder is restrained from the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y by the shell portion fastened by the lever 54 and connected thereto. The second fastening portions ( shell edge portions 50a, 50b, hard plates 51a, 51b) of the restraining shell portion 46 are fastened to the surface portions on the left and right edges of the base plate 42B by the fasteners 55, and are connected to these. The left and right shell portions extend through the patient's left and right armpits. These left and right shell portions restrain the armpit portion from the left and right. The movement of the shoulder portion of the patient in the head-to-tail direction Y is reliably restrained by the restraining shell portion 46. The movement of the shoulder portion can prevent a problem that the fixing accuracy of the head and neck portion is lowered.

[Embodiment 3]
9 and 10 are views showing a postural fixation shell system according to the third embodiment. FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view showing a use state of the posture fixing shell system, and FIGS. 10 (a1) and (a2) are plan views showing a head fixing shell and a shoulder side restraint shell constituting the posture fixing shell. FIG. 10 (b1) to (b4) are plan views showing modifications of the head fixing shell.

As shown in FIG. 9, the postural fixation shell system 60 according to the third embodiment includes a base plate 62, a postural fixation shell 63 that can be detachably attached to the base plate 62, and a head and neck support 64. . The posture fixing shell 63 includes two separate shells, one of which is a head fixing shell 65 and the other of which is a shoulder arm restraining shell 66.

As shown in FIG. 10 (a1), the head fixing shell 65 of the body position fixing shell 63 is made of a sheet material made of a net-like thermoplastic resin having a substantially rectangular outline shape in a planar development state before molding. . Elongated hard plates 68a and 68b having a constant width are fixed to the shell edge portions 65a and 65b on both sides in the width direction X of the head fixing shell 65 along these. A plurality of, for example, three circular retaining holes 69 are formed in the hard plates 68a and 68b at regular intervals in the length direction thereof. The left and right shell edge portions 65 a and 65 b to which the hard plates 68 a and 68 b are attached function as a fastening portion for removably fastening the head fixing shell 65 to the base plate 62.

As shown in FIG. 10 (a2), the shoulder side restraining shell 66 is made of a sheet material made of a net-like thermoplastic resin having a substantially rectangular outline shape in a planar development state before molding. In the shoulder-side restraining shell 66, left and right first shell edge ends 66a, 66b on the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y are elongated hard plates 70a, 70b of constant width extending in the width direction X along these. Is fixed. A plurality of, for example, three circular retaining holes 71 are formed in the hard plates 70a and 70b at regular intervals in the width direction X. The left and right first shell edge portions 66a, 66b to which the hard plates 70a, 70b are attached function as first fastening portions for removably fastening the shoulder arm restraining shell 66 to the base plate 62.

In the shoulder-side restraining shell 66, notched edges 73 a and 73 b that are notched in a triangle from the head-side end in the head-to-tail direction Y to the inside in the width direction are formed at the shell edge ends on both sides in the width direction X. The second shell edge end portions 74a and 74b that are formed in a straight line from the ends of the cutout edges 73b and 73b to the caudal side along the head-to-tail direction Y are formed. Fixed long narrow hard plates 75a and 75b extending in the head-to-tail direction Y along these are fixed to the second shell edge portions 74a and 74b. A plurality of, for example, two circular retaining holes 76 are formed in the hard plates 75a and 75b at regular intervals along the head-to-tail direction Y. The left and right second shell edge portions 74 a and 74 b to which the hard plates 75 a and 75 b are attached function as second fastening portions for removably fastening the shoulder arm restraining shell 66 to the base plate 62.

As shown in FIG. 9, the hard plates 70a and 70b (first fastening portions) of the shoulder arm restraining shell 66 are fastened to the head of the patient's shoulders in the head-to-tail direction Y as shown in FIG. On the side, the base plate 62 is attached so as to extend in a direction different from the head-to-tail direction Y. In this example, it is attached to the left and right end faces of the base plate 62 extending in the width direction X orthogonal to the head-to-tail direction Y. The rigid plates 75a and 75b (second fastening portions) are attached to the base plate 62 in a state extending in the head-to-tail direction Y through the patient's armpits as shown in FIG. It is done. The portions of the cut-out edges 73a and 73b at the left and right shell edge portions of the shoulder arm restraining shell 66 extend around the portions at the time of molding, and as shown in FIG. 9, the edge portions surround the patient's arm portion. Function as.

Since the base plate 62 and the head and neck support 64 have the same configuration as the base plate 2 and the head and neck support 4 of the first embodiment, their descriptions are omitted.

In the posture fixing shell system 60, as shown in FIG. 9, the patient's head is fixed by the head fixing shell 65 constituting the posture fixing shell 63. The first fastening portions (first shell edge portions 66a, 66b, hard plates 70a, 70b) of the shoulder-side restraining shell 66 constituting the posture fixing shell 63 are fastened to the left and right end faces of the base plate 62. The shoulder is restrained from the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y by the shell portion connected to. The second fastening portions (second shell edge portions 74a, 74b, hard plates 75a, 75b) of the shoulder arm restraining shell 66 are fastened to the surface portions on the left and right edges of the base plate 62, and are connected thereto. The left and right shell portions extend through the patient's left and right armpits. These left and right shell portions restrain the armpit portion from the left and right. The movement of the shoulder portion of the patient in the head-to-tail direction Y is reliably restrained by the shoulder arm restraining shell 66. It is possible to prevent a problem that the fixing accuracy of the head is lowered due to the movement of the shoulder portion.

As the head fixing shell 65, shells of various shapes and structures can be used as illustrated in FIGS. 10 (b1) to (b4).

[Embodiment 4]
FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view showing a use state of the postural fixation shell system according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 12A is a plan view showing a head and neck fixing shell constituting the postural fixation shell. 12 (b) and 12 (c) are plan views showing left and right shoulder arm restraining shells, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 11, the postural fixation shell system 80 according to the fourth embodiment includes a base plate 82, a postural fixation shell 83 that can be detachably attached to the base plate 82, and a head and neck support 84. . The posture fixing shell 83 is composed of three separate shells, one of which is a head and neck fixing shell 85 and the other two shells are left and right shoulder arm restraining shells 86A and 86B. .

The head and neck fixing shell 85 of the body position fixing shell 83 is made of a net-like sheet material made of thermoplastic resin, and as shown in FIG. 12A, a rectangular head and neck fixing portion 85A and a head and neck fixing portion 85A. Is provided with a chest covering portion 85C connected to the caudal edge in the head-to-tail direction Y via a narrow-width constricted portion 85B.

Along the shell edge portions 85a and 85b on both sides in the width direction X of the head and neck fixing portion 85A, long and narrow rigid plates 88a and 88b are fixed along these. A plurality of, for example, three circular retaining holes 89 are formed in the hard plates 88a and 88b at regular intervals in the length direction thereof. The shell edge portions 85a and 85b to which the hard plates 88a and 88b are attached function as a fastening portion for removably fastening the head and neck fixing shell 85 to the base plate 82.

Since the left and right shoulder arm restraining shells 86A and 86B have a symmetrical shape, the left shoulder arm restraining shell 86A will be described, and the other description will be omitted. The shoulder arm restraining shell 86A is made of a net-like sheet material made of a thermoplastic resin, and is a quadrilateral-shaped shell in a planar development state as shown in FIGS. 12 (b) and 12 (c).

The head side edge in the head-to-tail direction Y of the shoulder arm restraining shell 86A is a first shell edge end portion 86a extending in the width direction X, and the caudal side in the head-to-tail direction is directed inward in the width direction X. This is a second shell edge 86b extending in a direction inclined toward the caudal side in the head-to-tail direction Y.

In the shoulder side restraint shell 86A, a fixed-width elongated hard plate 90a extending in the width direction X along the first shell edge 86a is fixed. A plurality of, for example, two circular retaining holes 91 are formed in the hard plate 90a at regular intervals in the width direction X. The shell edge end portion 86a to which the hard plate 90a is attached functions as a first fastening portion for removably fastening the shoulder arm restraining shell 86A to the base plate 82.

In the shoulder side restraint shell 86A, a long and narrow rigid plate 95a having a constant width extending along the second shell edge 86b is also fixed. A plurality of, for example, two circular retaining holes 96 are formed in the hard plate 95a at regular intervals along the hard plate 95a. The shell edge portion 86b to which the hard plate 95a is attached functions as a second fastening portion for removably fastening the shoulder arm restraining shell 86A to the base plate 82.

As shown in FIG. 11, the hard plate 90a (first fastening portion) of the shoulder side restraining shell 86A is fastened on the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y of the shoulder portion of the patient, as shown in FIG. The base plate 82 is attached in a state extending in a direction different from the head-to-tail direction Y. In this example, it is attached in a state extending in the width direction X orthogonal to the head-to-tail direction Y. The rigid plate 95a (second fastening portion) is attached to the base plate 82 in a state of extending in the head-to-tail direction Y through the patient's armpits as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 11, the shoulder arm restraining shell 86 </ b> A is disposed so as to surround the arm portion of the patient. Since the shoulder arm restraining shell 86A has a certain width, it is arranged in a state where it is overlapped with the edge portion in the width direction of the chest covering portion 85C of the head and neck fixing shell 85 from above when attached. More specifically, these shells are attached to each other in a state of being softened and melted at the time of molding. A state in which the left and right shoulder side restraint shells 86A and 86B are shifted to both sides in the width direction X and the restraint state is not released is obtained.

Since the base plate 82 and the head and neck support 84 have the same configurations as the base plate 2 and the head and neck support 4 of the first embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.

In the posture fixing shell system 80, as shown in FIG. 11, the head and neck of the patient is fixed by the head and neck fixing shell 85 constituting the posture fixing shell 83. The first fastening portions (shell edge end portion 86a, hard plate 90a) of the left and right shoulder arm restraining shells 86A, 86B constituting the body posture fixing shell 83 are fastened to the left and right end surfaces of the base plate 82, and the second fastening portions 83A, 86B. The fastening portions (shell edge portion 86b, hard plate 95a) are fastened to the left and right edge surface portions of the base plate 82 through the left and right armpits of the patient.

The left and right shoulder parts are restrained from the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y by the left and right shoulder arm restraining shells 86A and 86B, and the left and right armpit parts are restrained from the left and right. The movement of the shoulder portion of the patient in the head-to-tail direction Y is reliably restrained by the shoulder side restraining shells 86A and 86B. The movement of the shoulder portion can prevent a problem that the fixing accuracy of the head and neck portion is lowered.

[Embodiment 5]
FIGS. 13A to 13C are partial perspective views showing a use state of the postural fixation shell system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 14 is a plan view of the postural fixation shell.

As shown in FIG. 13, the posture fixing shell system 200 includes a base plate 202, a posture fixing shell 203 fastened to the base plate 202 in a removable state, and a head and neck support 204.

The body position fixing shell 203 is formed of a single sheet material made of a thermoplastic resin. In a state softened by applying heat, the patient or subject (hereinafter simply referred to as “patient P”) placed on the base plate 202 is pressed against the head and neck Pa to take a mold. The body position fixing shell 203 after being molded is attached to the base plate 202 and fixed so as not to move the head and neck Pa.

As shown in FIG. 14, the posture fixing shell 203 has a rectangular fixing shell portion 205 and a width perpendicular to the head-to-tail direction Y more than the fixing shell portion 205 in a planar development state before molding (before molding). It has a shape including a rectangular restraining shell portion 206 that is wide in the direction X, and a narrow-width constricted portion 207 that connects them. The fixing shell 205 is fixed to the base plate 202 so as not to move the head and neck Pa of the patient P placed on the base plate 202, and the restraining shell 206 transfers the shoulder Pb of the patient P to the head-tail direction Y and the width direction. It fixes to the baseplate 202 so that it may not move to X (refer FIG. 13).

Along each of the shell edge portions 205a and 205b on both sides in the width direction X of the fixing shell portion 205, fixed long and narrow hard plates 208a and 208b are fixed. A plurality of, for example, three circular retaining holes 209 are formed in the hard plates 208a and 208b at regular intervals in the length direction thereof. The shell edge portions 205 a and 205 b to which the hard plates 208 a and 208 b are attached function as a fastening portion for removably fastening the fixing shell portion 205 to the base plate 202.

In the restraining shell portion 206, fixed left and right shell edge portions 206 a and 206 b on the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y are fixed with long and narrow rigid plates 210 a and 210 b extending in the width direction X along these. Yes. A plurality of, for example, two circular retaining holes 211 are formed in the hard plates 210a and 210b at regular intervals in the width direction X. The left and right shell edge portions 206a and 206b to which the hard plates 210a and 210b are attached function as first fastening portions for removably fastening the restraining shell portion 206 to the base plate 202.

In the constraining shell 206, notched edges 213 a and 213 b that are notched in a triangle from the head-side end in the head-to-tail direction Y to the inside in the width direction are formed at the shell edge ends on both sides in the width direction X. Shell edge portions 214a and 214b that extend linearly from the ends of the cutout edges 213a and 213b to the caudal side along the head-to-tail direction Y are formed. Fixed long narrow hard plates 215a and 215b extending in the head-to-tail direction Y along these are fixed to the shell edge portions 214a and 214b. A plurality of, for example, two circular retaining holes 216 are formed in the hard plates 215a and 215b at regular intervals along the head-to-tail direction Y. The shell edge portions 214 a and 214 b to which the hard plates 215 a and 215 b are attached function as a third fastening portion for removably fastening the restraining shell portion 206 to the base plate 202.

In the restraining shell portion 206, circular retaining holes 241a and 241b are formed at positions separated from the left and right shell edge portions 214a and 214b by the same distance inward in the width direction. Disk-shaped hard plates 243a and 243b are concentrically fixed to the shell circular inner peripheral edge portions 242a and 242b that define these retaining holes. Fastening holes 244a and 244b are also formed in the central portions of the hard plates 243a and 243b. The shell circular inner peripheral edge portions 242a and 242b to which the hard plates 243a and 243b are attached function as a second fastening portion for removably fastening the restraining shell portion 206 to the base plate 202.

The left and right first fastening portions ( shell edge portions 206a and 206b to which the hard plates 210a and 210b are attached) are attached to the shoulders of the patient P using the fastening device 217 as shown in FIG. On the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y of Pb, the base plate 202 is attached in a state extending in a direction different from the head-to-tail direction Y. In this example, it is attached in a state extending in the width direction X orthogonal to the head-to-tail direction Y.

The left and right second fastening parts (shell circular inner peripheral edge parts 242a and 242b to which the hard plates 243a and 243b are attached) are respectively attached to the side of the patient P by using one fastener 245 as shown in FIG. It is attached to the base plate 202 through the lower Pc.

The left and right third fastening portions ( shell edge portions 214a and 214b to which the hard plates 215a and 215b are attached) are attached to the outside of the shoulder portion Pb of the patient P as shown in FIG. At a position on the outer side in the width direction X, the base plate 202 is attached to the end surface in a state extending in the head-to-tail direction Y.

The base plate 202 has the same configuration as that of the base plate 2 (FIG. 3) according to the first embodiment. For example, the base plate 202 is a carbon plate, and has a substantially rectangular plate portion 221 that is long in the head-to-tail direction Y And a rectangular frame portion 222 protruding from the central portion of the head side edge in the head-to-tail direction Y to the head side. The base plate 202 is fixed to the treatment table or the top plate (not shown) of the examination table.

As shown in FIG. 13C, the left and right hard plates 243a, which are the second fastening portions of the body position fixing shell 203, are provided at the left and right edge portions on the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y in the plate portion 221 of the base plate 202. A plurality of circular fastening holes 225 for fastening 243b with the fasteners 245 are formed. The left and right retaining holes 225 are formed in two rows of retaining hole rows in the head-to-tail direction at regular intervals in the width direction. It consists of a retaining hole 225. The site | part in which the right and left fastening holes 225 are formed functions as a plate side second fastening portion.

As shown in FIG. 13C, left and right hard plates 215a, which are third fastening portions of the body position fixing shell 203, are provided on the left and right side end surfaces of the head portion in the head-to-tail direction Y in the plate portion 221 of the base plate 202. A plurality of circular fastening holes 232 for fastening the 215b with the fasteners 218 are formed. The left and right retaining holes 232 are formed at regular intervals in the width direction. The site | part in which these right and left fastening holes 232 are formed functions as a plate side 3rd fastening part.

As shown in FIG. 13A, on the left and right end surfaces of the head portion in the head-to-tail direction Y in the plate portion 221 of the base plate 202, a plurality of, two in this example, two at a constant interval in the width direction X. A circular retaining hole (not shown) is formed. The part in which the left and right fastening holes are formed functions as a plate side first fastening portion, and here, the rigid plates 210a and 210b (the first plates attached to the left and right shell edge portions 206a and 206b of the body position fixing shell 203). The fastening portion, only the hard plate 210b is shown in the figure) is fastened by the fastener 217.

The left and right side end surfaces 226a and 226b (only the side end surface 226b is shown in the figure) of the rectangular frame 222 of the base plate 202 fasten the left and right hard plates 208a and 208b of the fixing shell portion 205 of the body position fixing shell 203. It is a plate side fastening part. Here, the hard plates 208 a and 208 b of the fixing shell portion 5 are fastened by fasteners 219.

As shown in FIG. 13B, a head and neck support 204 is attached to a rectangular opening (not shown) of the rectangular frame 222 of the base plate 202. With the head and neck Pa of the patient P of the head and neck support 204 placed, the head and neck Pa is fixed to the base plate 220 by the body position fixing shell 203.

In the posture fixing shell system 200, the head and neck Pa of the patient P is fixed by the fixing shell portion 205 of the posture fixing shell 203 as shown in FIG.

First fastening portions ( shell edge portions 206a and 206b, hard plates 210a and 210b) of the restraining shell portion 206 of the body posture fixing shell 203 are fastened to the left and right end surfaces 226a and 226b of the base plate 202, and are connected thereto. The shoulder Pb is restrained from the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y by the shell portion.

The second fastening portion of the restraining shell portion 206 (shell circular inner peripheral edge portions 242a and 242b to which the hard plates 243a and 243b are attached) is fastened to the surface portions on the left and right edge sides of the base plate 202, and is connected thereto. The left and right shell portions extend through the left and right armpits Pc of the patient P. These left and right shell portions restrain the armpit Pc portion from the left and right.

The third fastening portions ( shell edge portions 214a and 214b to which the hard plates 215a and 215b are attached) of the restraining shell portion 206 are fastened to the left and right side end surfaces of the base plate 202, and the left and right shells connected to these. The portion restrains the shoulder Pb of the patient P from the outside. Between the left and right shell portions and the inner shell portion connected to the second fastening portion, the left and right shoulder portions Pb are restrained from both sides in the width direction.

Thereby, the movement in the head-to-tail direction Y of the portion of the shoulder portion Pb of the patient P is reliably restrained by the restraining shell portion 206. At the same time, the movement in the width direction of the shoulder portion Pb is also reliably restrained. The movement of the shoulder portion Pb can prevent a problem that the fixing accuracy of the head and neck portion Pa is lowered.

[Embodiment 6]
15 (a) and 15 (b) are explanatory views showing a use state of the posture fixing shell system of the sixth embodiment, and FIG. 16 is a plan view showing the posture fixing shell.

As shown in FIG. 15, the posture fixing shell system 300 according to the sixth embodiment includes a base plate 302 that is detachably attached to a top plate (not shown) such as a treatment table, and a base plate 302 that is detachable. And a frame-type body position fixing shell 303 to be attached.

The body position fixing shell 303 is formed of a single sheet material made of a thermoplastic resin. In a state softened by applying heat, the patient or subject (hereinafter simply referred to as “patient P”) placed on the base plate 302 is pressed against the head and neck Pa to take a mold. As shown in the figure, the body position fixing shell 303 after being molded is attached to the base plate 302 and fixed so as not to move the head and neck portion Pa.

As shown in FIG. 16, the body position fixing shell 303 has an inverted U-shaped contour fixing shell portion 305 and a substantially rectangular contour restraint wider in the width direction X than the fixing shell portion 305 in a planar development state before molding. Shell portion 306. The fixing shell 305 is fixed to the base plate 302 so that the head and neck Pa of the patient P placed on the base plate 302 is not moved, and the restraining shell 306 is configured to fix the shoulder Pb of the patient P to the head-tail direction Y and the width direction. It fixes to the baseplate 302 so that it may not move to X (refer FIG. 15).

In the head-to-tail direction Y of the left and right shell edge portions 306a of the restraining shell portion 306 connected to the left and right ends of the shell edge end portion 305a from the shell edge end portion 305a of the inverted U-shaped contour of the fixing shell portion 305. A hard plate 308 having a constant width is fixed to the tail end. A shell edge end portion 305 a of the fixing shell portion 305 to which the plate portion 308 a having an inverted U-shaped profile of the hard plate 308 is attached is a fastening portion fastened to the base plate 302.

The rigid plate 308 includes left and right plate portions 308b, 308c extending from the left and right ends of the inverted U-shaped contour portion toward the outer side in the width direction X slightly incline toward the caudal side in the head-to-tail direction Y, Plate portions 308d and 30e extending to the caudal side in the head-to-tail direction Y are provided continuously to the outer ends of the portions 308b and 308c. The rigid plate 308 is formed with a fastening hole 309 at a symmetrical position along the length direction thereof.

The left and right shell edge portions 306b to 306e of the restraining shell portion 306 attached to the left and right plate portions 308b to 308e function as fastening portions for fastening the restraining shell portion 306 to the base plate 302. In particular, of the shell edge portions, the left and right shell edge portions 306b and 306c function as first fastening portions that are fastened to the head side portion of the shoulder portion Pb of the patient P on the base plate 302 in the head-to-tail direction Y. To do. The shell edge portions 306 d and 306 e extending in the left and right head-to-tail direction Y function as a third fastening portion fastened to a portion of the base plate 302 outside the width direction X of the shoulder Pb of the patient P.

In the restraining shell portion 306, circular retaining holes 341a and 341b are formed at positions separated from the left and right shell edge portions 306d and 306e by the same distance inward in the width direction. Disk-shaped hard plates 343a and 343b are fixed concentrically to the shell circular inner peripheral edge portions 342a and 342b that define these retaining holes. Fastening holes 344a and 344b are also formed in the central portions of the hard plates 343a and 343b. Shell circular inner peripheral edge portions 342 a and 342 b to which the hard plates 343 a and 343 b are attached function as a second fastening portion for removably fastening the restraining shell portion 306 to the base plate 302.

As shown in FIG. 15, the left and right first fastening portions and the third fastening portions (shell edge portions 306b to 306e to which the hard plates 308 are attached 308b to 308e) are fastened to a fastening device 317 for fastening. It is fastened to the base plate 302 using The shell edge portions 306d and 306e of the third fastening portion are different from the head-to-tail direction Y with respect to the base plate 302 on the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y of the shoulder Pb of the patient P, in this example, It is attached in a state extending in the width direction X substantially perpendicular to the head-to-tail direction Y.

The left and right second fastening portions (shell circular inner peripheral edge portions 342a and 342b to which the hard plates 343a and 343b are attached) are respectively attached to the side of the patient P using one fastener 345 as shown in FIG. It is attached to the base plate 302 through the lower Pc.

The left and right third fastening portions ( shell edge portions 306b and 306c to which the plate portions 308b and 308c of the hard plate 308 are attached) are attached to the shoulder Pb of the patient P using a fastener 317 as shown in FIG. Is attached to the edge of the base plate 302 in a state extending in the head-to-tail direction Y at a position outside (in the width direction X).

The base plate 302 includes a head-side plate portion corresponding to the contour shape of the posture fixing shell 303 and a main body-side plate portion having a constant width, although not shown. Also, retaining holes (not shown) are formed at regular intervals along the outer peripheral edge. The portions facing the first to third fastening portions of the body posture fixing shell 303 are the first to third plate side fastening portions.

In the posture fixing shell system 300, the head and neck Pa of the patient P is fixed by the fixing shell portion 305 of the posture fixing shell 303 as shown in FIG.

The first fastening portions ( shell edge portions 306b and 306c, plate portions 308b and 308c of the hard plate 308) of the restraining shell portion 306 of the posture fixing shell 303 are fastened to the left and right edge portions of the base plate 302, The shoulder portion Pb is restrained from the head side in the head-to-tail direction Y by the shell portion connected to.

The second fastening portions of the restraining shell portion 306 (shell circular inner peripheral edge portions 342a and 342b to which the hard plates 343a and 343b are attached) are fastened to the surface portions on the left and right edges of the base plate 302, and are connected thereto. The left and right shell portions extend through the left and right armpits Pc of the patient P. These left and right shell portions restrain the armpit Pc portion from the left and right.

The third fastening portions of the restraining shell portion 306 ( shell edge portions 306d and 306e to which the plate portions 30d and 308e of the hard plate 308 are attached) are fastened to the left and right edge portions of the base plate 302 and connected to these. The left and right shell portions restrain the patient's P shoulder Pb from the outside. Between the left and right shell portions and the inner shell portion connected to the second fastening portion, the left and right shoulder portions Pb are restrained from both sides in the width direction.

Thereby, the movement of the shoulder portion Pb of the patient P in the head-to-tail direction Y is reliably restrained by the restraining shell portion 306. At the same time, the movement in the width direction of the shoulder portion Pb is also reliably restrained. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem that the fixing accuracy of the head and neck portion Pa is lowered due to the movement of the shoulder portion Pb.

Claims (21)

1. A thermoplastic resin that is molded into a shape along the head or head and neck of a patient or subject placed on the base plate in a softened state by applying heat, and is fixed to the base plate so as not to move the head or head and neck. A fixing shell made of metal,
   Made of a thermoplastic resin for fixing to the base plate so as not to move in the head-to-tail direction by shaping into a shape along the left and right shoulders of the patient or subject in a softened state by applying heat A restraint shell,
   Having a postural fixation shell.
2. In claim 1,
   The restraining shell part includes a pair of left and right first fastening parts fastened to the base plate and a pair of left and right second fastening parts,
   Each of the first fastening parts is a part fastened to the base plate on the cranial direction of the left and right shoulders of the patient or subject placed on the base plate,
   Each of the second fastening parts is a body position fixing shell which is a part fastened to the base plate through left and right armpits of the patient or subject.
3. In claim 2,
   Each of the first fastening portions is a first shell edge end portion of a predetermined length fastened to the base plate in a state extending in a direction different from the head-to-tail direction,
   Each of the second fastening portions is a body position fixing shell that is a second shell edge portion having a predetermined length that is fastened to the base plate so as to extend in the head-to-tail direction.
4. In claim 2,
   The body position fixing shell, wherein the first fastening portion and the second fastening portion are first and second shell edge portions of a predetermined length that are fastened to the base plate in a state of being orthogonal to each other.
5. In claim 2,
   The fixing shell portion and the restraining shell portion are body posture fixing shells formed from a single shell.
6. In claim 5,
   The shell is in a flat unfolded state before molding,
   A rectangular portion that functions as the fixing shell portion;
   Wide in the width direction perpendicular to the head-to-tail direction than the rectangular portion, a wide rectangular portion that functions as the restraining shell portion;
   Between the rectangular portion and the wide rectangular portion, a constricted portion having a narrower width than the rectangular portion,
   With
   In the wide rectangular portion, left and right edge portions extending from both sides in the width direction of the constricted portion to both sides in the width direction are the first fastening portions, and extend in the head-to-tail direction on both sides in the width direction. The posture fixing shell whose left and right edge portions are the second fastening portions.
7. In claim 5,
   The shell is in a flat unfolded state before molding,
   An inverted U-shaped contour portion that functions as the fixing shell portion;
   A rectangular portion that is wider in the width direction perpendicular to the head-to-tail direction than the inverted U-shaped contour portion and functions as the restraining shell portion;
   With
   In the rectangular portion, left and right edge portions extending on both sides in the width direction continuously to the inverted U-shaped contour portion are the first fastening portions, and left and right extending in the head-tail direction on both sides in the width direction. The posture fixing shell whose edge part is the second fastening part.
8. In claim 2,
   A body position fixing shell having two shells, one of which is the fixing shell portion and the other of which is the restraining shell portion.
9. In claim 2,
   A posture fixing shell having three shells, one of which is the fixing shell portion, and the remaining two shells being the restraining shell portions that restrain the left and right portions of the shoulder portion.
10. In claim 9,
    Each of the restraining shell portions is a shell having a rectangular contour that is symmetrical in the plane development state before molding,
    The head side in the head-to-tail direction in the restraining shell portion is the first fastening part extending in the width direction orthogonal to the head-to-tail direction, and the tail side in the head-to-tail direction is the width direction. The second fastening part extending inwardly in a direction inclined to the caudal side of the head-to-tail direction;
    Each of the restraining shell portions is a body posture fixing shell configured to fix the shoulder portion to the base plate in a state where each of the restraining shell portions overlaps both portions of the fixing shell portion in the width direction.
11. In claim 2,
    The restraining shell part further includes a pair of left and right third fastening parts fastened to the base plate,
    The third fastening part is a body position that is a part fastened to the base plate at a position outside the width direction perpendicular to the head-to-tail direction with respect to the left and right shoulders of the patient or subject placed on the base plate. Fixed shell.
12. In claim 11,
    Each of the first fastening portions is a shell edge portion having a predetermined length that is fastened to the base plate in a state extending in a direction different from the head-to-tail direction,
    The second fastening part is a part fastened to the base plate at a position at a constant interval in the width direction orthogonal to the head-to-tail direction,
    The third fixed portion is a body posture fixing shell which is a shell edge portion of a predetermined length attached to the base plate so as to extend in the head-to-tail direction on the outer side in the width direction of the second fixed portion.
13. In claim 12,
    The body position fixing shell, wherein the first fastening portion and the third fastening portion are shell edge portions of a predetermined length attached to the base plate in a state of being orthogonal to each other.
14. In claim 11,
    The fixing shell portion and the restraining shell portion are body posture fixing shells formed from a single shell.
15. In claim 14,
    The shell is in a flat unfolded state before molding,
    A rectangular portion that functions as the fixing shell portion;
    Wide in the width direction perpendicular to the head-to-tail direction than the rectangular portion, a wide rectangular portion that functions as the restraining shell portion;
    Between the rectangular portion and the wide rectangular portion, a constricted portion having a narrower width than the rectangular portion,
    With
    In the wide rectangular portion, left and right edge portions extending from both sides in the width direction of the constricted portion to both sides in the width direction are the first fastening portions, and extend in the head-to-tail direction on both sides in the width direction. The body position fixing shell in which left and right edge portions are the third fastening portions, and left and right portions separated from the left and right edge ends by the same distance inward in the width direction are the second fastening portions.
16. In claim 14,
    The shell is in a flat unfolded state before molding,
    An inverted U-shaped contour portion that functions as the fixing shell portion;
    A rectangular portion that is wider in the width direction perpendicular to the head-to-tail direction than the inverted U-shaped contour portion and functions as the restraining shell portion;
    With
    In the rectangular portion, left and right edge portions extending on both sides in the width direction continuously to the inverted U-shaped contour portion are the first fastening portions, and left and right extending in the head-tail direction on both sides in the width direction. The body position fixing shell in which the edge part of the left and right parts is the third fastening part, and the left and right parts away from the left and right edge parts by the same distance inward in the width direction are the second fastening part.
17. In claim 11,
    A body position fixing shell having two shells, one of which is the fixing shell portion and the other of which is the restraining shell portion.
18. A base plate;
    The postural fixation shell according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
    Have
    The base plate includes a plate-side first fastening portion to which the first fastening portion can be detachably attached and a plate-side second fastening portion to which the second fastening portion can be detachably attached. Have
    Fixed posture shell system.
19. In claim 18,
    A positioning pin for detachably connecting the first fastening part and the plate-side first fastening part, and the second fastening part and the plate-side second fastening part, respectively; Fixed position shell system with hook and loop fasteners.
20. A base plate;
    The postural fixation shell according to any one of claims 11 to 17,
    Have
    The base plate includes a plate-side first fastening portion to which the first fastening portion can be detachably attached, and a plate-side second fastening portion to which the second fastening portion can be detachably attached, A plate-side third fastening portion to which the third fastening portion can be detachably attached,
    Fixed posture shell system.
21. In claim 20,
    Between the first fastening part and the plate side first fastening part, between the second fastening part and the plate side second fastening part, and between the third fastening part and the plate side third. A body position fixing shell system comprising a positioning pin and a hook-and-loop fastener that are removably coupled between fasteners.

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