WO2017113880A1 - 一种视差装置及3d显示设备 - Google Patents

一种视差装置及3d显示设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017113880A1
WO2017113880A1 PCT/CN2016/098507 CN2016098507W WO2017113880A1 WO 2017113880 A1 WO2017113880 A1 WO 2017113880A1 CN 2016098507 W CN2016098507 W CN 2016098507W WO 2017113880 A1 WO2017113880 A1 WO 2017113880A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
display panel
slit
width
grating unit
baffle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/098507
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
魏伟
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US15/503,231 priority Critical patent/US10551629B2/en
Publication of WO2017113880A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017113880A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
    • G02B30/32—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers characterised by the geometry of the parallax barriers, e.g. staggered barriers, slanted parallax arrays or parallax arrays of varying shape or size
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/001—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes using specific devices not provided for in groups G09G3/02 - G09G3/36, e.g. using an intermediate record carrier such as a film slide; Projection systems; Display of non-alphanumerical information, solely or in combination with alphanumerical information, e.g. digital display on projected diapositive as background
    • G09G3/003—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes using specific devices not provided for in groups G09G3/02 - G09G3/36, e.g. using an intermediate record carrier such as a film slide; Projection systems; Display of non-alphanumerical information, solely or in combination with alphanumerical information, e.g. digital display on projected diapositive as background to produce spatial visual effects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/31—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using parallax barriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/02—Composition of display devices
    • G09G2300/023—Display panel composed of stacked panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of stereoscopic display technology, and in particular to a parallax device and a 3D display device.
  • the current liquid crystal display is favored by users because of its low power consumption, slim body and the like, and is widely used in various display fields, such as various communication products and vehicle systems.
  • a stereoscopic (3D) display device having a parallax device includes a display panel and a parallax device that is attached to the display panel.
  • the stereoscopic display is realized by the device of the parallax device that the user's left and right eyes receive different images.
  • it is usually necessary to ensure a certain viewing distance For example, a liquid crystal television usually maintains a viewing distance of about 3 meters. When the viewing distance is too close or too far, crosstalk may occur, resulting in failure to properly view the 3D picture.
  • the existing audio-visual electronic devices are all developing in a light and thin direction.
  • the above-mentioned parallax device scheme must ensure that the distance between the parallax device and the display panel must be greater than a certain value when the viewing distance is ensured, and the above-mentioned larger The distance necessarily leads to a large thickness of the display device, which cannot meet the demand for thinness and thinning.
  • the present disclosure provides an embodiment providing a parallax device for a display panel, the parallax device including a first grating unit and a second grating unit, the second grating unit being perpendicular to the display panel In the direction, spaced apart from the first grating unit by a distance and parallel to the first grating unit.
  • the first grating unit includes a plurality of first baffles having a first baffle width W11 and a plurality of second baffles having a second baffle width W12, the first baffles and the second baffles
  • the first slit and the second slit are formed between each of the first baffle and the adjacent two second baffles.
  • the second grating unit includes a plurality of third baffles having a third baffle width W21 disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first baffles, the third baffles being used to block from the While the light transmitted by the slit enters the predetermined left-eye observation area, at least a part of the light transmitted from the first slit enters the predetermined right-eye observation area, and blocks from the second slit The transmitted light enters the predetermined right-eye observation area while ensuring that at least a portion of the light transmitted from the second slit enters the predetermined left-eye observation area.
  • a 3D display device is also provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, including the parallax device as described above.
  • the parallax device comprises a first grating unit and a second grating unit, and the first grating unit can be closer because the second grating unit has the function of blocking the crosstalk of the light transmitted through the first grating unit to another observation area.
  • the display panel allows for a slim and light design.
  • FIG. 1a and 1b show a schematic diagram of a 3D display device having a parallax device in the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing crosstalk that will occur when a 3D display device having a parallax device in a related art is too far in observation distance;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view 1 of a parallax device in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural view 2 of a parallax device in some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of a 3D display device having a parallax device in some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Figure 6 shows the width of the sub-pixel Sp in the first pixel structure of the display panel
  • Figure 7 shows the width of the sub-pixel Sp in the second pixel structure of the display panel.
  • FIG. 1a and 1b show a structural schematic diagram of a stereoscopic (3D) display device having a parallax device in the related art.
  • the 3D display device includes a display panel and a parallax device that is attached to the display panel.
  • the odd-numbered columns of the display panel collectively form a left-eye image
  • the even-numbered columns of the display panel collectively form a right-eye image.
  • the left eye image formed by the odd column pixels passes through the light transmission slit of the parallax device to reach the left eye of the observer in front of the display panel
  • the right eye image formed by the even column pixels passes through the light transmission slit of the parallax device to reach the front of the viewer of the display panel In the eyes. Therefore, the stereoscopic display is realized by the parallax device that the user's left and right eyes receive different images.
  • the width of the sub-pixel of the display panel is Sp
  • the pupil spacing of the observer is L
  • the distance between the parallax device and the display panel is h
  • the parallax device and the observer The observed distance between s is:
  • the distance h between the parallax device and the display panel and the viewing distance s between the parallax device and the observer are proportional to each other. parameter.
  • a parallax device 300 for a 3D display device is provided in this embodiment.
  • the parallax device 300 includes a first grating unit 10 and a second grating unit 20 that are disposed in parallel.
  • the first barrier unit 10 is spaced apart from the second barrier unit 20 by a distance in a direction perpendicular to the display panel.
  • the first grating unit 10 includes a plurality of first baffles 11 having a first baffle width W11 and a plurality of a second baffle 12 having a second baffle width W12, the first baffle 11 and the second baffle 12 are disposed between each other, and each of the first baffle 11 and the adjacent two second baffles 12 is formed with a first A slit 13 and a second slit 14.
  • the second grating unit 20 includes a plurality of third baffles 21 having a third baffle width W21 disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first baffles 11 for blocking from the first slits 13
  • the transmitted light enters the predetermined left-eye observation area while ensuring that at least a portion of the light transmitted from the first slit 13 enters the predetermined right-eye observation area, and blocks the light transmitted from the second slit 14 from entering.
  • At the same time as the predetermined right-eye observation area is predetermined at least a part of the light transmitted from the second slit 14 is ensured to enter the predetermined left-eye observation area. That is, the light transmitted through the first slit 13 enters the right eye observation area, and the light transmitted through the second slit 14 enters the left eye observation area.
  • the second grating unit 20 since the second grating unit 20 has a function of blocking the crosstalk of the light transmitted through the first grating unit 10 to the left-eye observation region or the right-eye observation region, the first grating unit 10 can be closer to the display panel. Therefore, a slim and light design can be achieved.
  • the center line of the first grating unit 10 and the projection of the center line of one of the first shutters 11 on the display panel may be arranged, the center line of the second grating unit 20 and The projection of the center line of a third shutter 21 on the display panel coincides to facilitate alignment of the first barrier unit 10 and the second barrier unit 20 with the display panel.
  • the display panel may be a flat display panel, and the corresponding first grating unit 10 and second grating unit 20 are also planar gratings.
  • the display panel may also be a curved display panel, and the corresponding first grating unit 10 and second grating unit 20 are also curved gratings.
  • the first slit 13 and the second slit 14 of the first grating unit 10 have the same width, that is, the first grating unit 10 is an optical device composed of a plurality of parallel slits of equal width and the like, thereby ensuring display. Uniformity of brightness.
  • the manufacturing process of the first grating unit 10 and the second grating unit 20 is generally: step one, providing a transparent substrate, such as a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, an organic resin substrate; and step 2, forming an opaque film on the transparent substrate Step 3: patterning the opaque film to form an opaque film retention area and an opaque film non-retaining area, and the opaque film retention area forms a barrier of the grating unit, adjacent to the baffle A slit that forms a light transmission is formed.
  • first slit and the second slit of the first grating unit 10 may not be completely equal in width.
  • the crosstalk problem is overcome by providing the second grating unit 20 in the present disclosure such that the first grating unit
  • the inventive concept that 10 can be closer to the display panel is also applicable to the case where the slit of the first grating unit 10 is not completely equal.
  • the sub-pixels of one pixel of the display panel may be arranged in the row direction or in the column direction.
  • the line connecting the eyes of the observer is extended in the row direction.
  • the image of the odd sub-pixel enters a predetermined left-eye observation area
  • the image of the even sub-pixel enters a predetermined right-eye observation area, as shown in FIG. 1a and FIG. 1b
  • the parallax device 300 and the observer The distance between them and the distance between the parallax device 300 and the display panel are all related to the width Sp of the sub-pixels in the row direction.
  • the width W13 of the first slit 13 of the first grating unit 10 and the width W14 of the second slit 14 are set to be greater than 0 and less than 0.5*Sp, wherein Sp is the width of one sub-pixel in the row direction of the display panel; the first slit 13 and the second slit 14 are disposed in the row direction to ensure complete passage of light through the first slit 13 and the second slit 14 Crosstalk does not occur in different areas.
  • the width W13 of the first slit 13 and the width W14 of the second slit 14 are the same in the row direction of the display panel.
  • the third baffle 21 of the second grating unit 20 is disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the first baffle 11 of the first grating unit 10 to prevent transmission through the two sides of the first baffle 11
  • the light rays of the first slit 13 and the second slit 14 crosstalk, so that the first grating unit 10 can be placed closer to the display panel, achieving a slim design. Since the light transmitted through the first slit 13 and the second slit 14 respectively enters the predetermined right-eye observation area and the left-eye observation area, the 3D display quality is improved in order to ensure uniform light intensity received by the left and right eye observation areas.
  • the center of the first orthographic projection of the first baffle 11 correspondingly disposed on the display panel is coincident with the center of the third orthographic projection of the third baffle 21 on the display panel so as to pass through the first slit
  • the light intensity of 13 enters the right eye observation area after being blocked by the third baffle 21, and the light intensity transmitted through the second slit 14 is equal to the light intensity entering the left eye observation area after being blocked by the third baffle 21.
  • the first baffle width W11 is set to be larger than the second baffle width W12
  • the third baffle width W21 is greater than the first baffle width W11 and smaller than the first baffle width W11, the first slit width W13, and the second narrow Sum of the width W14 to facilitate the equal spacing of adjacent third baffles 21, such as As shown in FIG. 3, the second orthographic projection of the second baffle 12 on the display panel is spaced apart from the third orthographic projection of the adjacent third baffle 21 on the display panel, thereby ensuring transmission.
  • the light of one slit 13 and the second slit 14 is not completely blocked by the third flap 21, and a part of the light can enter a predetermined observation area.
  • the first baffle width W11 is further set to be smaller than the second baffle width W12
  • the third baffle width W21 is greater than the first baffle width W11 and smaller than the first baffle width W11, the first slit width W13, and The sum of the second slit widths W14, as shown in FIG. 4, such that the second orthographic projection of the second baffle 12 on the display panel and the third orthographic projection of the adjacent third baffle 21 on the display panel The distance is spaced apart to ensure that light transmitted through the first slit 13 and the second slit 14 is not completely blocked by the third flap 21, and a portion of the light can enter a predetermined observation area.
  • the optimal viewing point of the 3D display device is generally located directly in front of the display panel, based on the purpose, in the row direction of the display panel, the center line of the first grating unit 10 and one of the first baffles 11 are disposed in this embodiment.
  • the projection of the center line on the display panel coincides, and the viewing point is located directly in front of the first flap 11, as shown in FIG.
  • the projection of the center line of the first shutter 11 on the display panel coincides with the center line of the display panel, thereby making viewing The point is located directly in front of the display panel.
  • the center line of the second grating unit 20 is arranged to coincide with the projection of the center line of one of the third shutters 21 on the display panel, so as to realize the first grating unit 10 and the second grating.
  • the alignment of the unit 20 simultaneously makes the positions of the third baffle 21 and the first baffle 11 in one-to-one correspondence, thereby blocking the light of the slits on both sides of the first baffle 11 from entering another observation area, and ensuring the narrow transmission. At least a portion of the spliced light enters a predetermined observation zone.
  • the center line of the first grating unit 10 and the projection of the center line of one of the first shutters 11 on the display panel may be arranged in the row direction of the display panel, and the second grating unit 20 may be arranged.
  • the center line coincides with the projection of the center line of one of the third baffles 21 on the display panel, and simultaneously sets the center of the first orthographic projection of the corresponding first baffle 11 on the display panel and the third baffle 21 coincides with the center of the third orthographic projection on the display panel, which not only facilitates alignment between the first grating unit 10, the second grating unit 20, and the display panel, but also ensures uniformity of the display image and improves the quality of the 3D display. .
  • the parallax device 300 in this embodiment specifically includes: first light disposed in parallel
  • the gate unit 10 and the second grating unit 20 are spaced apart from each other by a distance from the second grating unit 20 in a direction perpendicular to the display panel.
  • the first barrier unit 10 includes a plurality of first baffles 11 having a first baffle width W11 and a plurality of second baffles 12 having a second baffle width W12.
  • the first baffle 11 and the second baffle 12 are disposed apart from each other, and the width W11 of the first baffle 11 is greater than the width W12 of the second baffle 12, and each of the first baffles 11 and the adjacent two second baffles
  • a first slit 13 and a second slit 14 are formed between 12, and the widths of the first slit 13 and the second slit 14 are the same, and the center line of the first grating unit 10 and one of them are in the row direction of the display panel.
  • the projection of the center line of the first shutter 11 on the display panel coincides.
  • the second grating unit 20 includes a plurality of third baffles 21 having a third baffle width W21 disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first baffles 11.
  • the center line of the second grating unit 20 coincides with the projection of the center line of one of the third shutters 21 on the display panel, and the corresponding first shutter 11 is disposed on the display panel.
  • the center of the first orthographic projection coincides with the center of the third orthographic projection on the display panel.
  • the third baffle 21 is configured to ensure that at least a portion of the light transmitted from the first slit 13 enters the predetermined right-eye observation area while blocking the light transmitted from the first slit 13 from entering the predetermined left-eye observation area. And while blocking the light transmitted from the second slit 14 from entering the predetermined right-eye observation area, at least a part of the light transmitted from the second slit 14 is ensured to enter the predetermined left-eye observation area.
  • a 3D display device 50 is provided.
  • the 3D display device 50 includes a display panel 100 and a parallax device 300 of the present disclosure, and the parallax device 300 is disposed on one side of a display screen of the display panel 100.
  • the first grating unit 10 is disposed close to the display panel 100.
  • the third baffle 21 of the second grating unit 20 is configured to block light transmitted through the first grating unit 10 from entering the left-eye observation area or the right-eye observation area while allowing at least a portion of the light transmitted through the first grating unit 10 to enter a predetermined
  • the observation area is such that the first grating unit 10 can be closer to the display panel to achieve thinning of the product.
  • the third baffle 21 of the second grating unit 20 is configured to block the light of the even pixel R (odd pixel L) of the display panel 100 from passing through the first grating unit 10 into a predetermined left eye observation area (predetermined right eye)
  • the observation area causes the even-numbered pixels R of the display panel 100 to pass through at least a portion of the light of the first grating unit 10 into a predetermined right-eye observation area (predetermined left-eye observation area).
  • the parallax device 300 when the parallax device 300 is disposed on the display surface
  • the first grating unit 10 is disposed close to the display panel 100, and the first grating unit 10 and the second grating unit 20 of the parallax device 300 can be calculated by using the optical path diagram and the similar triangle formula.
  • the width of the board and the positional relationship therebetween, the positional relationship between the first grating unit 10 and the display panel 100 are:
  • P1 is the width W11 of the first baffle 11 in the first grating unit 10, the width W12 of the second baffle 12, and the first between each first baffle 11 and the adjacent two second baffles 12.
  • P2 is the width W21 of the third flap 21 in the second grating unit 20 and the spacing between the adjacent two third flaps 21
  • s is the distance between the second grating unit 20 and the viewer
  • h1 is the distance between the first grating unit 10 and the display panel 100
  • h2 is between the first grating unit 10 and the second grating unit 20.
  • the distance is the width of one sub-pixel of the display panel 100
  • W11 is the width of the first baffle 11 of the first grating unit 10
  • W12 is the width of the second baffle 12 of the first grating unit 10
  • W21 is the second.
  • n is the refractive index of the medium filled between the first grating unit 10 and the second grating unit 20
  • ⁇ is the left-eye and right-eye midline of the display panel with the viewer
  • the light from the nearest sub-pixel (R sub-pixel in Figure 5) that enters the viewer's right eye and the viewer's left and right eyes Connection is formed at an acute angle.
  • the medium filled between the first grating unit 10 and the second grating unit 20 may be glass.
  • the parallax device of the embodiment of the present disclosure may also be disposed between the backlight module and the display panel, and the second grating unit of the parallax device is disposed close to the display panel.
  • the optical path map and the similar triangular formula can be used to calculate the baffle width of the first grating unit and the second grating unit of the parallax device and the positional relationship between the two, and between the first grating unit and the display panel. The location relationship is not detailed here.
  • the parallax device in the present disclosure can be closer to the display panel, and the high pixel density (ppi) 3D display device needs to set the parallax device to be close to the display panel, the parallax device in the present disclosure can realize the high ppi display device 3D display.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Abstract

一种视差装置及3D显示设备，视差装置包括第一光栅单元（10）和第二光栅单元（20），第一光栅单元（10）包括相间设置的第一挡板（11）和第二挡板（12），第二光栅单元（20）包括与第一挡板（11）一一对应设置的第三挡板（21），第三挡板（21）用于阻挡透过第一光栅单元（10）的光线串扰到另一观测区。

Description

一种视差装置及3D显示设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2015年12月31日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201511028896.5的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及立体显示技术领域，特别是一种视差装置及3D显示设备。
背景技术
目前的液晶显示器以其低功耗、机身轻薄等优点而备受用户的青睐，被广泛应用于各种显示领域，如各类通信产品、车载系统等。
相关技术提供的具有视差装置的立体(3D)显示装置包括显示面板以及与显示面板贴合的视差装置。通过视差装置的装置，使得用户的左眼和右眼接收到不同的图像，实现了立体显示。然而，对于某些电子设备而言，通常需要保证一定的观看距离，如液晶电视通常要保持3米左右的观看距离，当观看距离过近或过远都会发生串扰，导致无法正常观看3D画面。
现有的视听电子设备都在朝着轻、薄的方向发展，上述的视差装置的方案在保证观看距离时，视差装置与显示面板之间的距离必须大于一定值才可以，而上述较大的距离必然导致显示装置的厚度较大，无法满足轻薄化的需求。
发明内容
本公开实施例的目的在于提供一种视差装置及3D显示设备，降低设置有视差装置的立体显示设备的整体厚度。
为解决上述技术问题，本公开提供实施例中提供一种用于显示面板的视差装置，所述视差装置包括第一光栅单元和第二光栅单元，所述第二光栅单元在垂直于显示面板的方向上，与所述第一光栅单元间隔一定距离，且与所述第一光栅单元平行。
所述第一光栅单元包括多个具有第一挡板宽度W11的第一挡板和多个具有第二挡板宽度W12的第二挡板，所述第一挡板和所述第二挡板相间设置，每一个所述第一挡板和相邻的两个第二挡板之间形成有第一狭缝和第二狭缝。
所述第二光栅单元包括多个与多个所述第一挡板一一对应设置的具有第三挡板宽度W21的第三挡板，所述第三挡板用于在阻挡从所述第一狭缝透过的光线进入到预定左眼观测区的同时，保证从所述第一狭缝透过的光线中的至少一部分进入预定右眼观测区，并在阻挡从所述第二狭缝透过的光线进入到预定右眼观测区的同时，保证从所述第二狭缝透过的光线中的至少一部分进入预定左眼观测区。
本公开实施例中还提供一种3D显示设备，包括如上所述的视差装置。
本公开的上述技术方案的有益效果如下：
上述技术方案中，视差装置包括第一光栅单元和第二光栅单元，由于第二光栅单元具有阻挡透过第一光栅单元的光线串扰到另一观测区的作用，所以第一光栅单元可以更加靠近显示面板，因此可以实现轻薄化的设计。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例或相关技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或相关技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1a和图1b表示相关技术中具有视差装置的3D显示装置的原理图；
图2表示相关技术中具有视差装置的3D显示装置在观察距离过远时将发生的串扰的原理图；
图3表示本公开的一些实施例中的视差装置的结构示意图一；
图4表示本公开的一些实施例中的视差装置的结构示意图二；
图5表示具有本公开的一些实施例中的视差装置的3D显示装置的原理图；
图6表示在显示面板的第一种像素结构中的亚像素Sp的宽度；以及
图7表示在显示面板的第二种像素结构中的亚像素Sp的宽度。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图和实施例，对本公开的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本公开，但不用来限制本公开的范围。
图1a和图1b示出了相关技术中具有视差装置的立体(3D)显示装置的结构原理图。该3D显示装置包括一显示面板以及与显示面板贴合的视差装置。
显示面板的奇数列像素共同形成左眼图像，显示面板的偶数列像素共同形成右眼图像。奇数列像素形成的左眼图像经过视差装置的透光狭缝到达显示面板前观察者的左眼中，偶数列像素形成的右眼图像经过视差装置的透光狭缝到达显示面板前观察者的右眼中。因此，通过视差装置，用户的左眼和右眼接收到不同的图像，实现了立体显示。
在图2所示的相关技术的立体显示装置中，假设显示面板的亚像素的宽度为Sp，观察者的瞳孔间距为L，视差装置与显示面板之间的距离为h，视差装置与观察者之间的观察距离为s，则有：
h＝s*2Sp/L
对于确定的显示模组而言，由于Sp已经确定，而瞳孔间距L可取常数，因此视差装置与显示面板之间的距离h与视差装置与观察者之间的观察距离s是一对呈正比例的参数。
当视差装置与显示器之间的距离减小，从如图1a所示的较大的距离变化到如图1b所示的较小的距离时，观察距离相应减小。
然而，对于某些电子设备而言，通常需要保证一定的观看距离，如液晶电视通常要保持3米左右的观看距离。当观看距离过近或过远都会发生串扰，导致无法正常观看3D画面，如图1b所示。
如图3所示，本实施例中提供一种用于3D显示设备的视差装置300。所述视差装置300包括平行设置的第一光栅单元10和第二光栅单元20。在垂直于显示面板的方向上，第一光栅单元10与第二光栅单元20间隔一定距离。第一光栅单元10包括多个具有第一挡板宽度W11的第一挡板11和多个具有 第二挡板宽度W12的第二挡板12，第一挡板11和第二挡板12相间设置，每一个第一挡板11和相邻的两个第二挡板12之间形成有第一狭缝13和第二狭缝14。
第二光栅单元20包括多个与多个第一挡板11一一对应设置的具有第三挡板宽度W21的第三挡板21，第三挡板21用于在阻挡从第一狭缝13透过的光线进入到预定左眼观测区的同时，保证从第一狭缝13透过的光线中的至少一部分进入预定右眼观测区，并在阻挡从第二狭缝14透过的光线进入到预定右眼观测区的同时，保证从第二狭缝14透过的光线中的至少一部分进入预定左眼观测区。即，通过第一狭缝13透过的光线进入到右眼观测区，而通过第二狭缝14透过的光线进入左眼观测区。
上述的视差装置300中，由于第二光栅单元20具有阻挡透过第一光栅单元10的光线串扰到左眼观测区或右眼观测区的作用，使得第一光栅单元10可以更加靠近显示面板，因此可以实现轻薄化的设计。
其中，在显示面板的行方向上，可以设置第一光栅单元10的中心线和其中一个第一挡板11的中心线在所述显示面板上的投影重合，第二光栅单元20的中心线和其中一个第三挡板21的中心线在所述显示面板上的投影重合，以便于第一光栅单元10和第二光栅单元20与所述显示面板的对位。所述显示面板可以为平面显示面板，对应的第一光栅单元10和第二光栅单元20也为平面光栅。所述显示面板也可以为曲面显示面板，对应的第一光栅单元10和第二光栅单元20也为曲面光栅。
本实施例中第一光栅单元10的第一狭缝13和第二狭缝14的宽度相同，即第一光栅单元10为由大量等宽等间距的平行狭缝构成的光学器件，从而保证显示亮度的均匀性。第一光栅单元10和第二光栅单元20的制作工艺通常为：步骤一，提供一透明基底，如玻璃基底、石英基底、有机树脂基底；步骤二，在所述透明基底上形成不透光薄膜；步骤三，对所述不透光薄膜进行构图工艺，以形成不透光薄膜保留区域和不透光薄膜不保留区域，不透光薄膜保留区域形成光栅单元的挡板，相邻挡板之间形成透光的狭缝。
需要说明的是，第一光栅单元10的第一狭缝和第二狭缝也可以不完全等宽。本公开中通过设置第二光栅单元20来克服串扰问题以使得第一光栅单元 10可以更加靠近显示面板的发明构思也适用于第一光栅单元10的狭缝不完全等宽的情况。
结合图6和图7所示，显示面板的一个像素的亚像素(可以但并不局限于包括R亚像素、G亚像素、B亚像素)可以沿行向排列，也可以沿列向排列。为了便于描述，设定观察者双眼的连线沿行方向延伸。在每行像素中，奇数亚像素的图像进入预定的左眼观测区，偶数亚像素的图像进入预定的右眼观测区，则结合图1a和图1b所示，所述视差装置300与观察者之间的距离以及视差装置300与显示面板之间的距离都与亚像素在行方向上的宽度Sp相关。
为了保证3D显示的品质，在本公开的实施例中，设置第一光栅单元10的第一狭缝13的宽度W13和第二狭缝14的宽度W14大于0且小于0.5*Sp，其中所述Sp为一个亚像素在所述显示面板的行方向上的宽度；第一狭缝13和第二狭缝14在行方向上相间设置，保证通过第一狭缝13和第二狭缝14的光线完全进入不同区域，不会发生串扰。其中，在显示面板的行方向上，第一狭缝13的宽度W13和第二狭缝14的宽度W14相同。
本实施例中的视差装置300中，第二光栅单元20的第三挡板21与第一光栅单元10的第一挡板11一一对应设置，以防止透过第一挡板11两侧的第一狭缝13和第二狭缝14的光线发生串扰，使得第一光栅单元10能够更靠近显示面板设置，实现薄型化设计。由于透过第一狭缝13和第二狭缝14的光线分别进入预定的右眼观测区和左眼观测区，为了保证左右眼观测区接收的光线强度一致，提高3D显示品质。可选地，设置对应设置的第一挡板11在显示面板上的第一正投影的中心和第三挡板21在显示面板上的第三正投影的中心重合，使得透过第一狭缝13的光线在第三挡板21的阻挡后进入右眼观测区的光线强度，与透过第二狭缝14的光线在第三挡板21的阻挡后进入左眼观测区的光线强度一致，从而保证显示画面的均匀性，同时还便于实现第一光栅单元10和第二光栅单元20的对位。
进一步地，设置第一挡板宽度W11大于第二挡板宽度W12，第三挡板宽度W21大于第一挡板宽度W11且小于第一挡板宽度W11、第一狭缝宽度W13和第二狭缝宽度W14之和，以便于实现相邻第三挡板21的等间隔设置，如 图3所示，以使得第二挡板12在显示面板上的第二正投影与相邻的第三挡板21在显示面板上的第三正投影之间间隔一定距离，从而保证透过第一狭缝13和第二狭缝14的光线不会被第三挡板21完全阻挡，一部分光线能够进入预定的观测区。可选的，还可以设置第一挡板宽度W11小于第二挡板宽度W12，第三挡板宽度W21大于第一挡板宽度W11且小于第一挡板宽度W11、第一狭缝宽度W13和第二狭缝宽度W14之和，如图4所示，以使得第二挡板12在显示面板上的第二正投影与相邻的第三挡板21在显示面板上的第三正投影之间间隔一定距离，从而保证透过第一狭缝13和第二狭缝14的光线不会被第三挡板21完全阻挡，一部分光线能够进入预定的观测区。
由于3D显示器件的最佳观看点一般位于显示面板的正前方，基于该目的，本实施例中在显示面板的行方向上，设置第一光栅单元10的中心线和其中一个第一挡板11的中心线在所述显示面板上的投影重合，则观看点位于该第一挡板11的正前方，如图5所示。为了便于第一光栅单元10和所述显示面板的对位，在显示面板的行方向上，设置该第一挡板11的中心线在显示面板上的投影与显示面板的中心线重合，从而使得观看点位于显示面板的正前方。
进一步地，在显示面板的行方向上，设置第二光栅单元20的中心线与其中一个第三挡板21的中心线在显示面板上的投影重合，以便于实现第一光栅单元10和第二光栅单元20的对位，同时使得第三挡板21和第一挡板11的位置一一对应，从而阻挡第一挡板11两侧的狭缝的光线进入另一观测区，并保证透过狭缝的光线的至少一部分进入预定的观测区。
在实际应用过程中，可以在显示面板的行方向上，设置第一光栅单元10的中心线和其中一个第一挡板11的中心线在所述显示面板上的投影重合，且第二光栅单元20的中心线与其中一个第三挡板21的中心线在所述显示面板上的投影重合，同时设置对应设置的第一挡板11在显示面板上的第一正投影的中心和第三挡板21在显示面板上的第三正投影的中心重合，不仅便于第一光栅单元10、第二光栅单元20以及显示面板之间的对位，还能够保证显示画面的均匀性，提高3D显示的品质。
如图3所示，本实施例中的视差装置300具体包括：平行设置的第一光 栅单元10和第二光栅单元20，在垂直于显示面板的方向上，第一光栅单元10与第二光栅单元20间隔一定距离。
第一光栅单元10包括多个具有第一挡板宽度W11的第一挡板11和多个具有第二挡板宽度W12的第二挡板12。第一挡板11和第二挡板12相间设置，且第一挡板11的宽度W11大于第二挡板12的宽度W12，每一个第一挡板11和相邻的两个第二挡板12之间形成有第一狭缝13和第二狭缝14，第一狭缝13和第二狭缝14的宽度相同，在显示面板的行方向上，第一光栅单元10的中心线和其中一个第一挡板11的中心线在所述显示面板上的投影重合。
第二光栅单元20包括多个与多个第一挡板11一一对应设置的具有第三挡板宽度W21的第三挡板21。在显示面板的行方向上，第二光栅单元20的中心线与其中一个第三挡板21的中心线在所述显示面板上的投影重合，且对应设置的第一挡板11在显示面板上的第一正投影的中心和第三挡板21在显示面板上的第三正投影的中心重合。第三挡板21用于在阻挡从第一狭缝13透过的光线进入到预定左眼观测区的同时，保证从第一狭缝13透过的光线中的至少一部分进入预定右眼观测区，并在阻挡从第二狭缝14透过的光线进入到预定右眼观测区的同时，保证从第二狭缝14透过的光线中的至少一部分进入预定左眼观测区。
如图5所示，本实施例中提供一种3D显示设备50，该3D显示设备50包括显示面板100和本公开的视差装置300，所述视差装置300设置在显示面板100显示画面的一侧，且第一光栅单元10靠近显示面板100设置。第二光栅单元20的第三挡板21用于阻挡透过第一光栅单元10的光线进入左眼观测区或右眼观测区，同时使得透过第一光栅单元10的至少一部分光线进入预定的观测区，从而第一光栅单元10可以更加靠近显示面板，实现产品的薄型化。
具体的，第二光栅单元20的第三挡板21用于阻挡显示面板100的偶数像素R(奇数像素L)透过第一光栅单元10的光线进入预定的左眼观测区(预定的右眼观测区)，同时使得显示面板100的偶数像素R透过第一光栅单元10的至少一部分光线进入预定的右眼观测区(预定的左眼观测区)。
在3D显示设备50中，如图5所示，当所述视差装置300设置在显示面 板100显示画面的一侧时，第一光栅单元10靠近显示面板100设置，利用光路图以及相似三角形公式，可以计算出所述视差装置300的第一光栅单元10和第二光栅单元20的挡板宽度以及两者之间的位置关系、第一光栅单元10和显示面板100之间的位置关系为：
Figure PCTCN2016098507-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2016098507-appb-000002
其中，P1为第一光栅单元10中第一挡板11的宽度W11、第二挡板12的宽度W12以及每一第一挡板11与相邻的两个第二挡板12之间的第一狭缝13的宽度W13和第二狭缝14的宽度W14之和，P2为第二光栅单元20中第三挡板21的宽度W21以及相邻的两个第三挡板21之间的间距之和，s为第二光栅单元20与观看者之间的距离，h1为第一光栅单元10和显示面板100之间的距离，h2为第一光栅单元10和第二光栅单元20之间的距离，Sp为显示面板100的一个亚像素的宽度，W11为第一光栅单元10的第一挡板11的宽度，W12为第一光栅单元10的第二挡板12的宽度，W21为第二光栅单元20的第三挡板21的宽度，n为第一光栅单元10和第二光栅单元20之间填充的介质的折射率，并且α为显示面板中与观看者的左眼和右眼中线距离最近的亚像素(在图5中为R亚像素)射出且进入观看者右眼的光线与观看者的左眼和右眼之间的连线形成的锐角。在第一光栅单元10和第二光栅单元20之间填充的介质可以为玻璃。
当然，在3D液晶显示设备中，本公开的实施例的所述视差装置也可以设置在背光模组和显示面板之间，且所述视差装置的第二光栅单元靠近显示面板设置。同样可以利用光路图以及相似三角形公式，可以计算出所述视差装置的第一光栅单元和第二光栅单元的挡板宽度以及两者之间的位置关系、第一光栅单元和显示面板之间的位置关系，在此不再详述。
由于本公开中的视差装置能够更加靠近显示面板，而高像素密度(ppi)的3D显示设备需要设置视差装置与显示面板的距离很近，因此，本公开中的视差装置能够实现高ppi显示设备的3D显示。
以上所述仅是本公开的可选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和替换，这些改进和替换也应视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种用于显示面板的视差装置，包括：
    第一光栅单元；以及
    第二光栅单元，在垂直于所述显示面板的方向上，与第一光栅单元间隔一定距离，且与第一光栅单元平行；
    其中：
    所述第一光栅单元包括多个具有第一挡板宽度W11的第一挡板和多个具有第二挡板宽度W12的第二挡板，所述第一挡板和所述第二挡板相间设置，每一个所述第一挡板和相邻的两个第二挡板之间形成有第一狭缝和第二狭缝；
    所述第二光栅单元包括多个与多个所述第一挡板一一对应设置的具有第三挡板宽度W21的第三挡板，所述第三挡板用于在阻挡从所述第一狭缝透过的光线进入到预定左眼观测区的同时，保证从所述第一狭缝透过的光线中的至少一部分进入预定右眼观测区，并在阻挡从所述第二狭缝透过的光线进入到预定右眼观测区的同时，保证从所述第二狭缝透过的光线中的至少一部分进入预定左眼观测区。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的视差装置，其中，所述第一挡板宽度W11大于所述第二挡板宽度W12，所述第三挡板宽度W21大于所述第一挡板宽度W11且小于所述第一挡板宽度W11、所述第一狭缝的第一狭缝宽度W13和所述第二狭缝的第二狭缝宽度W14之和。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的视差装置，其中，所述第一挡板宽度W11小于所述第二挡板宽度W12，所述第三挡板宽度W21大于所述第一挡板宽度W11且小于所述第一挡板宽度W11、所述第一狭缝的第一狭缝宽度W13和所述第二狭缝的第二狭缝宽度W14之和。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的视差装置，其中所述第二挡板在所述显示面板上的正投影与相邻的第三面板在所述显示面板上的正投影之间间隔一定距离。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的视差装置，其中，所述第三挡板 在所述显示面板上的正投影与相邻的两个第二挡板在所述显示面板上的两个正投影的间距一致。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的视差装置，其中，对应设置的第一挡板的正投影中心和第三挡板在所述显示面板上的正投影中心重合。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的视差装置，其中，在所述显示面板的行方向上，所述第一光栅单元的中心线和所述第一光栅单元中的一个第一挡板的中心线在所述显示面板上的投影重合。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的视差装置，其中，在所述显示面板的行方向上，所述第二光栅单元的中心线和所述第二光栅单元中的一个第三挡板的中心线在所述显示面板上的投影重合。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的视差装置，其中，所述第一狭缝和所述第二狭缝的宽度大于0且小于0.5*SP，所述SP为所述显示面板的一个亚像素在所述显示面板的行方向上的宽度。
  10. 一种3D显示设备，包括根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的视差装置。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的3D显示设备，还包括显示面板，所述显示面板包括多个像素，每个像素包括多个亚像素，每个像素的多个亚像素沿显示面板的行方向分布或沿显示面板的列方向分布，所述第一光栅单元的所述第一狭缝和所述第二狭缝沿显示面板的行方向相间设置。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的3D显示设备，其中在所述显示面板的行方向上，所述第一挡板的中心线在所述显示面板上的投影与所述显示面板的中心线重合。
PCT/CN2016/098507 2015-12-31 2016-09-09 一种视差装置及3d显示设备 WO2017113880A1 (zh)

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