WO2017111744A1

WO2017111744A1 - Peristaltic pump working with lorentz force

Info

Publication number: WO2017111744A1
Application number: PCT/TR2016/050429
Authority: WO
Inventors: Nahit Kursat ORAL
Original assignee: Oral Nahit Kursat
Priority date: 2015-12-25
Filing date: 2016-11-10
Publication date: 2017-06-29

Abstract

The present invention relates to a peristaltic pump (10) that operates with the principle of subjecting two flat coil springs (4.1, 4.2), placed within each other at the center, carrying counter current within a magnetic field in the direction of their common axes, to a Lorentz force perpendicular to the currents they carry and this magnetic field and as a result of compression of the contracting coil sprig (4.1) and the expansion of the expanding flat coil spring (4.2) under this force, the liquid in the volume determined by the bands of the flat coil springs spurting under pressure within the contracted boundaries and being sucked by the vacuum within the expanding boundaries. The stages comprising flat coil spring pairs (4) arranged successively on a carrier shaft (5) extending along the axis of the inner body (1) and the switching of the current on which is controlled by an electronic control region (2) ensure the volumetric conveyance of the fluid by creating a contraction-expansion action at a certain sequence together with a rubber jacket (6) covering all stages for isolation.

Description

PERISTALTIC PUMP WORKING WITH LORENTZ FORCE

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a peristaltic pump that operates with the principle of subjecting two flat coil springs, placed within each other, carrying counter current within a magnetic field in the direction of their common axes, to a Lorentz force perpendicular to both the currents they carry and this magnetic field and as a result of compression of one flat coil spring and expansion of the other under this force, the liquid in the volume determined by the bands of the flat coil springs spurting under pressure within the contracted boundaries and being sucked by the vacuum within the expanding boundaries. The successive flat coil spring pairs lined up on a carrier shaft contract-expand in a certain sequence by switching in the electronic control region of the current they carry and ensure that the volume of the fluid is conveyed.

State of the Art

The pumping technology used today comprises a pumping mechanism that function to convey a liquid from one point to another, electrical motors or internal combustion engines activating it and the conveying bodies that make the motor-pump connection.

The moving parts of the pump and the motor, such as impeller, bearing, piston, valve, vane, shaft, rotor, are under the threat of friction, wearing and material fatigue, and most of the time, due to the said reasons they lead to troubleshooting that make the pump and the motor inoperable.

Sometimes, the moving parts are damaged through the jamming of the solid material within the liquid.

Another reason that leads to loss of mechanical activity in time is the thermal incompatibility of the moving parts.

The vibrations, knocking and the consequent noise create disadvantages in applications that require a silent medium. Since the gaskets, which are elements ensuring impermeability between two machine parts, one moving and the other fixed, leak in time, they frequently require periodic maintenance.

In vertical pumping applications, if the force function suddenly stops, the water column above returns back with gravity and hits the pump. This situation called the water hammer may lead to damage in the pump and the motor if a strong check valve system has not been installed.

Besides these general adversities, there are also disadvantages of the operation principles of the main two pumping techniques, the centrifugal pumping and positive displacement pumping.

Since the outlet flow rate and the outlet pressure of centrifugal pumps are related to each other, it is not possible to manipulate these two parameters separately. This causes problems in some applications.

Centrifugal pumps operate efficiently in a narrow operation range; thus, they are not practical in applications requiring variable flow rate and pressure.

Centrifugal pumps are not suitable for pumping mixtures, the homogeneity of which will be damaged if they are subjected to centrifugal force. In addition, they are inadequate in conveying liquids with high viscosity.

Centrifugal pumps are not as successful as positive displacement pumps in high pressure applications and generally they operate at a lower efficiency than positive displacement pumps.

Centrifugal pumps are not self-priming as positive displacement pumps are. The pump body must be filled with liquid and the blades must be surrounded by it so that they can pump under the effect of centrifuge. If there is air or steam in the medium, the blades will not function and the components of the pump may heat excessively due to "dry operation" conditions and may get damaged. To solve this problem, the centrifugal pumps are installed so that they are under the source level or self-priming characteristic may be rendered to the pumps using additional devices. Such devices lead to additional costs and efficiency loss. The positive displacement pumps, different from the centrifugal pumps, try to produce the same pressure and flow rate when the outlet valve is closed since they conduct volumetric fluid transfer and this may place them under strain that may lead to damage on the pump under pressure. Therefore, there must be an internal or external safety valve at the outlet side. In an external valve application, it is made a recycle to the feed tank or the suction line. Positive displacement pumps have pulsed fluid outlet. This requires that a regulator is used after the pump outlet nozzle when stable flow is desired.

Piston type positive displacement pumps operate with knocking. This adversity is tried to overcome in solutions where two pistons operate correspondingly.

Positive displacement pumps are heavier than the centrifugal pumps providing the same flow rate; they occupy a larger volume and their installation and maintenance costs are higher.

Peristaltic pumps are a sub-category of the positive displacement pumps and they have some specific advantages and disadvantages originating from their operation principle.

The peristaltic pumps commonly used are based on the principle of sucking the liquid in a tube- shaped diaphragm at one end and pump it to the other end by peristaltic movement. The movement of the liquid, captured inside by compressing at consecutive points along the diaphragm axis by shoes rotated by an external drive, generally an electrical motor, is ensured by gathering the liquid in front of the compression point. During this pumping cycle, the pumping process is provided by sucking a certain amount of the liquid at the suction point and conveying it to the outlet. They have a wide range of uses in chemical and medical applications and laboratory applications such as sampling since it allows for precise flow rate control and the total isolation of the liquid being pumped from the device mechanism.

The operation of a peristaltic pump depends on the principle of moving a fluid by compressing a flexible tube by shoes. By changing the progress direction of the shoes, the suction-force movement can be provided at both ends of the pump. However, the tube material, which generally is rubber based, is subjected to crushing and friction of the shoes and is the part that wears out most quickly.

The usage area of the state of the art peristaltic pump technology has been limited to the above mentioned applications partially due to being developed for low power applications. The motors, which are complementary pieces of pumps, can be divided into internal combustion engines and electrical motors. The dominant application is that the pump is operated by an electrical motor. Electrical motors are sensitive to power supply conditions; there may be significant changes in their performance depending on voltage and frequency. Except for the universal motors, the use of which are limited to electrical hand tools and house appliances due to their structural disadvantages, electrical motors have been designed to operate only with direct current or alternating current. This makes it impossible to operate a motor designed for a certain power supply way under other conditions or additional equipment that are costly are required to ensure compliance and leads to efficiency losses.

Asynchronous electrical motors draws current much above the main current during start and some starter devices to minimize this need of current. As the start-up time becomes longer depending on the moment of inertia of the rotor and the load it is subjected to, heating due to copper loss increases. Due to the same reasons, the start-stop number in unit time is limited in all induction motors.

The frequency of the network from which asynchronous motors are fed determines the maximum rotational speed. This in turn restricts the power that may be produced in unit volume by limiting the rotational speed of the pump in centrifugal pump design. Higher force can only be provided by physically adding stage to the pump.

In conventional electrical motors used in pumps the bobbin windings are inserted into grooves opened in parallel to the rotor on the stator inner wall. Inserting these windings into narrow grooves is a sensitive procedure requiring expertise. The probable complications in the grooves, such as burs, notches may damage the isolation of the winding during insertion. On the other hand, due to the restriction of the groove dimensions, most of the time for the number of turns of the winding, conductor cross-section and isolation thickness values optimum solutions away from the ideal are available.

In cases the rotor rubs against the stator, which happen from time to time, the windings are in a position vulnerable to damage. The connections of the windings with each other and with the feed cable are also of a complexity that requires skill and technical expertise and are open to human error. In rewindable motors, to reach the windings to be repaired/changed, the motor must be completely demounted, which increases the cost of workmanship. In electrical motors, the bobbins placed into the narrow grooves on the inner surface of the stator first heat up the stator body and the heat formed flows a long thermal course and is removed away from the external surface of the stator. This makes cooling difficult and shortens the life of the wires of the bobbin.

It is a common solution to apply epoxy resin to completely fill the voids in the stator to ensure thermal and mechanical protection in the motor. The resin, which takes the shape of the voids and hardens and adheres onto the bobbin and the stator grooves, makes it impossible to demount and re-coil the bobbin in repair and the stator has to be renewed. Therefore, in rewindable motors other protecting materials (e.g., water, oil or antifreeze liquids) must be used although these give lower performance.

The summary of the Application No. 2014/01979, which is a result of technical research, relates to a hose pump having a body to convey a medium through a hose and a plurality of compression elements that push the hose onto the impact surface of the opposite bed, conveying the medium in the hose in the direction of conveyance.

In the said application, it is disclosed that in order to minimize the mechanical loads faced by the hose as the pump works, in compliance with the invention, the opposite bed rested on a support surface made to be supplementary on the body, that it has a setting which is conical or cone-like, and that it can be regulated by moving the distance between the compression elements and the impact surface of the opposite bed along the support surface of the opposite bed relative to the body. Consequently, due to the adversities explained above and the insufficiency of the existing solutions concerning the issue, an advancement was necessary in the related technical field.

Objective of the Invention

The present invention aims has been created as inspired by the state of the art to solve the above mentioned adversities.

The first objective of the invention is to obtain an electromechanical structure that directly converts electrical energy to pumping movement and that solves the motor, power transmission and pumping stages in conventional pumping systems in one single element. One objective the invention is to bring a solution to the weaknesses specific for positive displacement pumps and to ensure that the advantages of the peristaltic pumping technique finds usage area in domestic and industrial applications that require high power. One objective the invention is with the specific electromechanical pumping device, to ensure a flow that can operate both with alternating and direct current and that is not affected by the network frequency.

Another objective the invention is to minimize the electrical and mechanical elements that create loss to increase system efficiency.

Still another objective the invention is to reduce the material and workmanship costs in manufacture, repair and periodical maintenance by decreasing the number and type of components.

Another objective the invention is to facilitate installation and cost of installation in virtue of not having bedding and transmission elements.

A further objective the invention is to minimize losses due to breakdowns and unplanned stops by minimizing the electrical and mechanical elements that are potential causes of trouble.

A still further objective the invention is to minimize losses due to breakdowns and unplanned stops by extending the life of the windings making use of a geometry that facilitates the discharge of heat.

Another objective the invention is to minimize the volume and weight of the pumping system.

Another objective the invention is to ensure that the system operates noiseless by minimizing the number of moving elements.

Another objective the invention is to minimize the knocking and mechanical vibrations by its flat coil spring pair structure.

A further objective the invention is to ensure smooth flow. Still another objective the invention is to provide a stronger structure against water hammer impact.

In order to meet the above objectives, the present invention provides a new approach that makes the peristaltic pumping method, which has been trapped within a narrow usage area due to the limitations brought about by the state of art technology, functional at the power and scales required by domestic and industrial use and solves the peristaltic movement through a different mechanism to ensure this. In general, the present invention relates to a peristaltic pump, which has been developed without using many of the conventional motor and the pump components, and which conveys the liquid by contracting-expanding of the flat coil springs at the stages arranged in a cylindrical body to which a bobbin is wind that establishes a magnetic field under the Lorentz force when electricity is supplied to the stages from the electronic control region at a certain frequency.

The invention is more robust since it does not bear risks such as staggering, knocking, friction, wearing, etc. in virtue of its flat coil spring pair structure which directly converts electrical energy to pumping movement without need for any rotary element nor transmission organ and which does not require rotary or transmission elements such as impeller, piston, rotor, shaft, ball bearing, bed, coupling, gear, etc. Due to the same causes, it operates more silently and is advantageous in applications where acoustic comfort is important.

The arrangement of the invention used to form the peristaltic movement is a multi-stage structure which makes use of flat coil springs, and the suction and force motion is created by the contraction and expansion of the flat coil springs. Since the walls of the water chamber itself moves in the present invention, the rapid wearing problem in conventional applications due to squeezing and rubbing of the shoes on the rubber membrane is eliminated.

The flat coil spring pair structure offers a solution also for the pulsed flow problem, which is a characteristic adversity of the positive displacement pumps. The expansion of one of the water columns, which are inside one another and which are complementary as formed by the flat coil springs, compensates the contraction of the other water column and this maintains the total water column cross-section forced and ensures continuity of the flow rate. The flat coil spring pair structure also solves the problem of knocking during operation. The synchronous effect of the flat coil springs, which create equal torques in opposite directions as one contracts and the other expands, cancel each other, minimizing the twist on the carrier shaft and the probable vibrations.

The flat coil spring pair structure has a structural advantage against the water hammer effect. In the pump, which is left without energy, the impact surface that the reverse accelerated fluid column will confront in the pump is the spiral profile determined by the flat coil spring pairs that have returned to their natural position. In such a case, the fluid continues its path down the void between the spirals. The limited effect of the fluid on the flat coil spring pair is transferred to the tube body over the shaft connection seat. Hence, the damages seen in conventional systems do not occur even if an additional check valve is not used.

In virtue of the advantage brought by its electronic controlled operation, the invention makes it possible to incorporate a less indirect and more practical measure than the existing solutions against the damaging pressure problem that may occur in case the outlet valve closes in positive displacement pumps.

In the device as provided for by the invention, an internal pressure sensor that senses the hazardous pressure caused by operation then the valve is closed, et., gives feedback to the control region and starts a resistance group that will decrease the current to reduce the pump to a safe pressure level or may completely stop pressure production completely by ceasing the feed.

The pressure to be produced by the pump can be regulated via the current applied to the flat coil spring/bobbin series circuit. The frequency of the peristaltic movement, that is, the progress speed of the swallowing movement can be regulated to get the desired flow rate independent of the pressure. The peristaltic frequency is obtained by switching the flat coil springs in a certain order and speed from the electronic control region and the desired flow rate in a wide range can be obtained with no waiver from the efficiency. Contrary to the conventional electric motopumps, in which the rate of rotational speed depends on the frequency of the supply voltage, the movement mechanism provided for in the invention is not affected by the network frequency.

Its electrical structure allows operation both with direct current and with mono-phase alternating current. The characteristic to be able to operate with direct current will eliminate the losses due to conversion and the cost of the alternator used when energy is supplied as direct current in the state of the art technology, especially in photovoltaic cell applications. There is no high start-up current problem as in asynchronous motors and consequently, there is no need for starter devices. The moment of inertia of its mechanism is much lower relative to the heavy construction comprising the conventional rotor structure and the related pump shaft and impellers. This allows high performance in applications that require the pump to give rapid response and to stop-start at short intervals. Thus, the restrictions in the state of the art technology on the number of stop-starts in unit time are not valid.

In the developed pump, magnetic field is obtained by a single bobbin winding on the inner body. Since there is no narrow geometry in the stator structure, the most suitable parameter set in winding design with respect to conductor cross-section, isolation thickness and the number of turns can be chosen. It is not possible that the moving components (flat coil springs) damage the winding on the body in case of any mechanical breakdown (as the rotor damages the windings when it rubs against the stator). When the winding requires repair, the winding on the inner body can be reached by only demounting the outer body.

As the bobbin in the developed pump winds on a larger surface area all along the cylindrical inner body, by spreading out on wide range, cooling is facilitated. In addition, the fluid being pumped removes the heat from the inner wall and this doubles the heat discharge surface and thus, extends the life of the bobbin.

The bobbins wind on a base material covering the cylindrical inner body; thus, in a breakdown that requires that the windings are renewed, it is possible to easily scrape away the base, winding and the epoxy as a single piece using a simple press device. This way, in virtue of the smooth cylindrical form of the present invention, the drawback of epoxy hardening to renew the winding in motors to which epoxy was applied is eliminated.

That all these said advantages are realized in a cylindrical tube body makes it possible that the invention can operate in narrow and thin geometries. Especially deep well applications bring a certain external diameter limitation for the motor-pump pair and makes it necessary that engineering solutions different from those used for general needs. While the maximum diameter condition is a difficult additional criteria for conventional technologies, the narrow, long cylindrical form does not cause any drawbacks with respect to the mechanism envisaged in the invention. The structural and characteristic features of the invention and all its advantages will be understood more clearly through the figures given below and the detailed disclosure citing these figures, and thus, any evaluation should consider these figures and the detailed disclosure.

Figures To Help Understanding the Invention

Figure 1 : View of the peristaltic pump that is the subject of the invention without the rubber jacket and the external body.

Figure 2: The cross-sectional view of the peristaltic pump that is the subject of the invention without the rubber jacket.

Figure 3: View of the flat coil spring-jacket pair of the peristaltic pump that is the subject of the invention.

Figure 4: View of the rubber jacket in the peristaltic pump that is the subject of the invention. Figure 5: View showing the dimension of the magnetic field created by the bobbin and the stages of the peristaltic pump that is the subject of the invention.

Figure 6: View showing the magnetic field, Lorentz force, drive current and the counter electromotive force induced in a contracted flat coil spring of the peristaltic pump that is the subject of the invention.

Figure 7: View showing the magnetic field, Lorentz force, drive current and the counter electromotive force induced in an expanded flat coil spring of the peristaltic pump that is the subject of the invention.

The Figures are not drawn to scale and the details that are not necessary to understand the present invention may have been omitted. In addition, the elements that are at least significantly equivalent or the elements that have functions that are at least significantly equivalent functions are shown with the same numbering.

Description of the Parts' Reference Numbers

10. Peristaltic Pump

1. Inner Body

2. Electronic Control Region

3. Bobbin

4. Flat coil spring Pair

4.1. Contracting flat coil spring

4.2. Expanding flat coil spring

5. Fixing Shaft

6. Rubber Jacket 7. Outer Body

8. Shaft Seat

Detailed Description of the Invention

In this detailed disclosure, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are explained only for better understanding of the subject matter and are in no way limiting.

The invention relates to a multi-stage peristaltic pump (10) having flat coil spring pairs (4) arranged consecutively, fixed on a shaft (5) extending along the pump axis, electrically connected in series to the bobbin (3), creating lift and force effect on the fluid by contracting and expanding under Lorentz force, and functioning as a ferromagnetic core for the bobbin wind on the inner body (1). The switching of the current overthe flat coil spring pairs (4) directed at an electronic control region (2) create a contraction-expansion movement at a certain sequence together with the isolating rubber jacket (6) surrounding all stages and ensure the volumetric conveyance of the fluid.

The subject of the invention relates to pumping liquids through a mechanism that mimics the swallowing action. This movement is called peristalsis and the pumps operating based on this principle are called peristaltic pumps (10). The objective of the invention is to support this special pumping technique, which has been restricted within a narrow usage area due to the restriction brought by the state of the art technology, with additional advantages ensured by innovation and to be able to use it as a superior alternative in all applications where centrifugal pumps are dominant currently due to cost advantages. In other words, the operation of the peristaltic pump (10) is based on subjecting two conducting flat coil springs (4.1 ; 4.2) that carry counter currents, that are placed in one another and that are connected to each other at the center within a magnetic field in the direction of their common axis to a Lorentz force which is perpendicular both to the magnetic field and the current they carry; under the effect of this force, the contracting flat coil spring (4.1) is compressed and the expanding flat coil spring (4.2) is relaxed and hence the liquid in the volume determined by the said flat coil spring pairs (4) spurts under the pressure of the compressed walls and is sucked under the vacuum of the expanding walls. The flat coil spring pair is the most critical component that undertakes electrical, magnetic and mechanical functions. It is one of the three basic elements of the present invention together with the bobbin (3) and the electronic control region (2) is the only dynamic part of the system. The flat coil springs (4) and the bobbin (3) are connected in series electrically and they operate together. The present invention makes use of the Lorentz force principle that a magnetic field applied to a wire that carries current, instead of the lift-force effect of the corresponding magnet poles in conventional electric motors. This operating principle allows operation with both direct and alternating current. The circular lines of the flat coil spring pair (4) ensures that the magnetic field produced by the bobbin (3) is used most effectively by wrapping all around the circular cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical body.

The device used in the invention to create the peristaltic action is a flat coil spring structure and the suction and force action is created by the movement of the walls of the water chamber. In order the fluid conveyed by the suction and force action continues its path without runoff, the successive stages are placed in a rubber jacket (6) having the same spiral form with the flat coil springs (4) that make the stages. The rubber jacket (6) is used as an isolation piece that links the walls that are compressed at one stage and expand at the other stage, ensuring that the liquid to which pressure is applied is conveyed without leaking out the system.

The flat coil spring pairs (4) placed successively in a cylindrical body and the rubber jacket (6) make the moving part of the system together. In this system, the stages comprising flat coil spring pairs (4) are supplied current consecutively in the direction which the liquid should move forward; thus the compression action is transferred from one stage to the next and peristaltic pumping effect is created. Since the stages are covered with an elastic rubber jacket (6) to prevent liquid runoff, the liquid compressed in the first stage is conveyed to the next, realizing the pumping process. Conveyance of the liquid in the peristaltic pump (10) from one stage to another by the compression action at desired speed is directed by an electronic control region (2) that switches the current to be applied to the said stages. The direction, pressure and flow rate of the liquid to be pumped is precisely regulated by the electronic control region (2). The electronic control region (2) is a water impermeable component, where power supply, bobbin (3) and stage links are established, comprising the switching, sensor and memory circuits which dictate what direction, speed and power the stages will be triggered. The switching circuit determines the behavior of the peristaltic pump (10) by the commands it gives to the stages and ensures that the most suitable hydraulic characteristic in parallel to the needs is given. In the design of the peristaltic pump (10) developed, the magnetic field is produced by a single bobbin (3) winding on the inner body (1). The cylindrical inner body (1) transfers heat to the liquid being pumped via the inner wall and extends the life of the bobbin (3) and functions as a seat for the pumping mechanism.

When the conductive bobbin wire winds on the inner body (1) surrounding the stages and voltage is applied, this structure acts like a solenoid with a ferromagnetic core and affects the current passing through the flat coil spring pairs (4) passing through the inner body (1) along the axis to establish a smooth magnetic field. The void between the inner body (1) and the outer body (7) where the bobbin is placed is a water impermeable chamber. This chamber may be filled with a thermal protective material (glycol added pure water, oil, epoxy resin with high thermal conductivity, etc.).

The magnetic field produced by the bobbin (3) is strengthened by magnetizing the successive flat coil spring pairs (4) having high magnetic conductivity carried by the shaft (5) that passes through the center of the inner body (1) to which the bobbin (3) winds around. The said flat coil spring pairs (4) are the elements that will perform the pumping action through the Lorentz force that affects the currents passing through them. The successive stages comprising the flat coil spring pairs (4) are separated from each other by very narrow gaps that will have minimum intervention on the magnetic conduction during the pumping action. The runoff of the fluid being pumped from these narrow gaps is prevented by the rubber jacket (6) that covers the stages and the gaps between these stages.

When the peristaltic pump (10) operates under direct current, the magnetic field in the bobbin (3) in the direction of the axis of the flat coil spring pair (4) applies Lorentz force and compresses the contracting flat coil spring (4.1) of the flat coil springs that carry counter currents and that compress and relax towards the center and expands the expanding flat coil spring (4.2) out from the center. Thus, the circular water columns inside one another between the flat coil spring (4.1) boundaries are subjected to suction and force effect of the boundaries.

When the peristaltic pump (10) operates under alternating current, the direction of the Lorentz force created by the magnetic field on the conductor is not influenced since the alternating current passing through the flat coil spring pair (4) changes direction synchronously with the current of the bobbin (3) it is connected in series, and the mechanical operation described in the direct current mode occurs the same way. When the pump is fed alternating current, the alternating current passing through the bobbin (3) on the inner body (1) establishes a magnetic field that changes direction in relation to the frequency of the feed current in the inner body (1) tube. According to the Lenz Law, it is expected that an electromotive force which will create a magnetic field in the opposite direction to meet this variable magnetic field is induced to create a current in the conductive flat coil spring pars (4).

However, the flat coil spring pair (4) form comprising two spirals which wind in opposite directions and the ends of which are connected to each other from the center so that they are physically continuation of one another prevents the formation of this current. That the spirals wind close to each other in opposite directions causes the induction of simultaneous electromotive force of the same magnitude on these spirals that see the same variable flux to meet the flux change. These two electromotive forces cancel each other, preventing the formation of an additional effect of the change in the magnetic field of the bobbin (3) on the flat coil spring pair (4) structure.

As a result of this, the opposite electromotive force induced on the flat coil spring pairs (4) originates only from form change under the Lorentz force as it is when fed with direct current (since in the peristaltic pump (10) fed with direct current the value of the current passing through the bobbin (3) is constant, an opposite induction is not created).

Similarly, that the current applied to the flat coil spring pairs (4) to produce Lorentz force flow in opposite directions on the contracting flat coil spring (4.1) and the expanding flat coil spring (4.2) causes the magnetic field produced by this current have two components that cancel each other. The value of the net magnetic flux produced by this current is zero.

The flat coil spring pairs (4) function as ferromagnetic core for the said bobbin (3) winding around the inner body (1) tube, carry the current that will be subjected to Lorentz force and work as the pressure chamber that effect pumping.

The size of the current that the peristaltic pump (10) will draw from the network is determined by the supply voltage, opposite electromotive force and the resistance value of the circuit which comprises the bobbin (3), flat coil spring pars (4) and other components through which the current will pass. The start-up current produces the Lorentz force and triggers the compression-relaxation action of the flat coil spring pairs (4). In the flat coil spring pars (4) being compressed-relaxed under the Lorentz force, an opposite electromotive force is formed depending on the speed of change in the cross-section area and thus, in the magnetic flux passing through this. This electromotive force ensures that a voltage of opposite direction is applied to circuit, weakening the current through the circuit. During the force action of the peristaltic pump (10), when the action of the flat coil spring pair (4) slows down due to load and the peristaltic pump (10) needs additional power, the opposite EMF is minimized and the value of the current drawn from the network increases. Depending on the increasing current, the force applied on the current carrying flat coil spring pair (4) and the speed of change of the cross-section area increases. This feedback, functioning as a regulator that protects the balance, ensures that the peristaltic pump (10) consumes less energy without load, at idle status and that it produces more pow.er increasing the current it draws when loaded so that it continues its performance

The electromagnetic behavior of the structure of the flat coil spring pair (4) can be examined as two separate flat coil springs (4) as a contracting flat coil spring (4.1) and an expanding flat coil spring (4.2). In Figure 5, under the B magnetic field directed out of the page, depending on the direction of current, the F Lorentz force caused by the current I passing through the flat coil spring pairs (4) exerts its effect from outside to the center in the contracting flat coil spring (4.1) and from the center to the outside in the relaxing flat coil spring (4.2) and causes the contracting flat coil spring (4.1) to get smaller from the A1 cross-section area to the ΑΊ cross- section area and the expanding flat coil spring (4.2) enlarge from the A2 cross-section area to the A'2 cross-section area.

A counter clockwise electromotive force is produced to induce a magnetic field ( BEMK) with the same direction of the B magnetic field to resist the decrease of the magnetic flux trough the cross-section area in the contracting flat coil spring (4.1).

A clockwise electromotive force is produced to induce a magnetic field ( BEMK) with opposite direction of the B magnetic field to resist the increase of the magnetic flux trough the cross- section area in the contracting flat coil spring (4.2).

Since these opposite electromotive forces (EMFs) influence to weaken the supply voltage that the flat coil spring pairs (4) are subjected to, the value of the current through the circuit reduces.

The induced opposite electromotive force is directly proportional with the speed of change of the magnetic flux through the flat coil spring pair (4). This speed in turn is determined by the Lorentz force which is directly proportional with the current through the flat coil spring pair (4) and the magnetic field B. The magnetic field B is directly proportional with the current that is of the same size with the current that passes through the flat coil spring pair (4) carried by the bobbin (3) winding on the inner body (1) and connected in series with the flat coil spring pairs (4).

In virtue of the connection chain, the compressed flat coil spring (4.1) and the expanding flat coil spring (4.2) of the peristaltic pump (10) operating at low load without difficulty will tend to contract and relax more quickly; thus, the opposite electromotive depending on this rapid movement will increase, the current through the bobbin (3) and the flat coil spring pairs (4) will decrease, the Lorentz force depending on this current will decrease and will ensure that the peristaltic pump (10) will use force as it needs and that it consumes lower power when idle.

When the peristaltic pump (10) is loaded, for example when a liquid with high viscosity is being pumped, the movements of the contracting flat coil spring (4.1) and the expanding flat coil spring (4.2) will slow down causing the opposite electromotive force to remain at minimum level and the peristaltic pump (10) will increase the current it consumes to use the highest force its design allows and will draw the maximum power from the network.

The maximum current that to be drawn when the effect of the opposite electromotive force is minimum is determined by the supply voltage and the resistance of the electrical circuit.

The successively placed stages in the peristaltic pump (10) are made of material with high magnetic permeability (μ) and function as core in the bobbin (3) to strengthen the magnetic field formed by the bobbin (3) windings. The air gap between the stages in intervals (d) that may be considered to be very short compared to stage sizes (L) has void magnetic permeability (μο). The total magnetic resistance of this series magnetic circuit is obtained by summing the magnetic resistances of all the stages and of the air gaps between them.

At any time t, the sucking and forcing stages make opposite EMF induction. The full open and full closed stages maintain their statuses under the force produced by the current passing over them and wait for the next sequence.

Of the contracting flat coil spring (4.1) and the expanding flat coil spring (4.2) in a stage, the Lorentz force compresses one and expands the other. If in a stage the walls of the flat coil springs (4) that are drawn towards other are fully compressed, this means full opening with respect to the chamber at the other side of the wall. The full closed state prevents the pressure to be produced in the subsequent stages from back runoff. The full open state is a neutral state which does not have any plus or minus addition to the flow rate. The suction of the chamber expanding between walls drawing away from each other produces compressed chamber pressure between walls drawing apart. The flow rate to be observed at the outlet of the peristaltic pump (10) at any time is the net sum of the flow rates formed at the stages in the outlet direction starting from the stage fully compressed. Corresponding to the compressed chamber at one stage, the chamber two stages forward expands (because the forward chamber is fed with counter current) and the stage corresponding to the expanding chamber contracts. This way, the total flow rate of the liquid is shared between two chamber sets and in all four sequences the same total flow rate is obtained at the outlet of the peristaltic pump (10). When the linearity of the fluid forced from the chambers within the sequence is provided by precise control of the current that forms the Lorentz force, an ideal flow without impact is obtained in the peristaltic pump (10).

1. Sequence 2. Sequence 3. Sequence 4. Sequence

(0) + (V) (0) + (V) (V) + (0) (V) + (0)

K (0) A (0) E (-V) B (V) A (0) K (0) B (V) E (-V) 1. Stage

E (-V) B (V) A (0) K (0) B (V) E (-V) K (0) A (0) 2. Stage

A (0) K (0) B (V) E (-V) K (0) A (0) E (-V) B (V) 3. Stage

B (V) E (-V) K (0) A (0) E (-V) B (V) A (0) K (0) 4. Stage

(0) + (-V) (0) + (-V) (-V) + (0) (-V) + (0)

Tl=t T2=t T3=t T4=t In each sequence, at time t, liquid with volume V is sucked from one end and forced to the other end.

In a multi stage-type peristaltic pump (10) there must be at least three stages so that the fluid being subjected to pressure does not runoff backwards. However, the structure envisaged in the invention can be modelled as two parallel peristaltic pumps (10) that operate at phase difference to ensure stable flow. Therefore, the minimum number of the stages necessary for the system to make a complete cycle comprising suction, closing, forcing and opening as described is four. Taking into account the magnetic loss effect of the narrow air gap between stages, the solution with the least number of stages will give the most efficient result in magnetic aspect.

An important characteristic of the peristaltic pump (10) described in the present invention is its ability to operate with both direct and alternating current. The supply current drawn from the network/power source is used in series by the bobbin (3) formed by conductive wires and the flat coil spring pairs (4). Depending upon the direction of the part of the supply current through the bobbin (3) and the part applied to the flat coil spring pair (4), the force formed compresses one component (4.1) of the flat coil spring pair (4) and expands the other (4.2). When the peristaltic pump (10) is fed alternating current, the direction of the magnetic field in the bobbin (3) changes sinusoidally while the direction of the current reaching the flat coil spring pairs (4) in parallel to this also changes and the direction of the force formed remains unchanged. The mentioned peristaltic pump (10) operated with both alternating and direct current in virtue of this. As explained above, the synchronized compression-expansion effect that successive stages fed with counter current form to complement each other is forwarded along the axis of the inner body (1), in the direction of pumping. Feeding the stages with currents in opposite directions to each other in a certain sequence to produce the peristaltic action is performed by a switching that reverses the polarization of the supply voltage applied to the stage. The compression force of the stages and the progress speed of the peristaltic action are the two parameters used in regulating the pressure and flow rate of the liquid being pumped. These parameters are regulated by an electronic card in the electronic control region (2).

The two ends, facing the inner wall of the inner body (1), of the flat coil spring pairs (4) forming the mentioned stages have been made to tolerate the contractions-elongations necessary for the compression and expansion of the contracting flat coil spring (4.1) and the expanding flat coil spring (4.2). Thus, it is ensured that the circuit connection from these ends to the electronic control region (2) is subjected to minimum physical strain. The rubber jacket (6) is used for preventing the runoff of the pressurized fluid from between the stages and also for electrical insulation of the flat coil spring pairs (4) carrying current. The flat coil spring pairs (4) placed successively operate as fixed to the shaft (5) through the center from their mid-punts. The mentioned rubber jacket (6) ensures the insulation of the flat coil springs and at the same time supports the flat coil spring pairs (4) subjected to the Lorentz force.

The shaft seats (8) at both ends of the body of the peristaltic pump (10) hold the fixation shaft (5) that ensure the centering and fixation of the stages through the central axis of the peristaltic pump (10). The shaft seat (8) is the connection element that centers the fixation shaft (5) and that carries the load of the stages fixed on the fixing shaft (5) to the outer body (7). This structure prevents the internal mechanism being damaged in case of water hammer in vertical pumping applications, when the forcing function suddenly stops and the water column above returns with gravity and hits the peristaltic pump (10), by making the body carry the impact.

The outer body (7) is the combining piece which bears the load of the peristaltic pump (10) elements, which are the fixing shaft (5) and the shaft seat (8), which holds together all the components of the peristaltic pump (10) components as a whole and makes them operate together, and which ensures that the pumping process is performed in a single element without the need for different stages such as motor, transmission and pump mechanisms.

The mounting of the stages to the fixing shaft (5) is made by a conical wedge or a similar method. For ease of assembling, the structure formed by joining the fixing shaft (5), the flat coil spring pairs (4) and the rubber jacket (6) and the electronic control region (2) are brought together on an apparatus outside the body. The electronic connection is realized by connecting the ends from the stages arranged on the apparatus to the ready-to-use sockets on an isolated electronic control region (2) designed to sit on a seat formed along the inner wall of the body. This electronic control region (2) which gathers the electrical connection of each stage on itself also houses the winding connections of the supply cable and the inner body (1) and the electronic cards performing the switching, the resistances used in current control and the pressure sensors. The internal structure prepared outside, the fixing shaft (5) and the electronic control region (2) are inserted in their places and assembled into the inner body (1).

Claims

A peristaltic pump (10) driven by electricity, characterized by comprising flat coil spring pairs (4) which function as a ferromagnetic core for the bobbin (3) winding around an inner body (1), which create suction-force effect on the fluid by contracting and expanding under the Lorentz force, which operate connected in series to the bobbin (3) electrically to allow for operation with both direct and alternating current, which are directed by an electronic control region (2) to produce peristaltic movement by the current they carry and which are fixed successively on a shaft (5) along the pump axis.

A peristaltic pump (10) as claimed in Claim 1 , characterized by comprising an electronic control region (2) which directs the compression sequence of the mentioned flat coil spring pairs (4), the compression force and the progress speed of the peristaltic action on an electronic card to regulate the direction, flow rate and pressure of the liquid being pumped.

A peristaltic pump (10) as claimed in Claim 1 , characterized by comprising a bobbin (3) which is formed by winding conductive wire on the inner body (1) of the mentioned peristaltic pump (10) and which ensures that a smooth magnetic field is formed to affect the current through the flat coil spring pairs (4) along the inner body (1) axis to create Lorentz force.

A peristaltic pump (10) as claimed in Claim 1 , characterized by comprising a rubber jacket (6) which prevents the liquid from running off between stages during liquid flow through the contraction-expansion action of the mentioned flat coil spring pairs (4), which completely covers over the flat coil spring pairs (4) and the gap between the stages and which also ensures the electrical insulation of the mentioned flat coil spring pairs (4).

A peristaltic pump (10) as claimed in Claim 1 , characterized by comprising:

• a carrier shaft (5) which extends between the two ends of the body at exactly midpoint of the inner region of the mentioned peristaltic pump (10) and which ensures that the elements of the peristaltic pump (10) are mounted on it,

• a shaft seat (8) which centers the mentioned shaft (5) and which transfer the load of the mentioned flat coil spring pairs (4) fixed on the shaft (5) and the rubber jacket (6) to the outer body (7).

6. A peristaltic pump (10) as claimed in Claim 1 , characterized by comprising contracting flat coil springs (4.1) and expanding flat coil springs (4.2) which make the flat coil spring pair

(4) form by connecting to each other at the center, which cancel the net total mechanical knocking during compression-expansion actions in virtue of the fact that the opposite electromotive force that will form on them when the bobbin (3) is fed alternating current and the magnetic field to be formed by the current they carry wind in opposite directions to each other, and which contract and expand depending upon the direction of the current on them, limiting the size of the electromotive force formed as a result of this action and the current dawn.

7. A peristaltic pump (10) as claimed in Claim 1 , characterized by comprising an inner body (1) which facilitates winding and repair of the winding by functioning as a bobbin reel by its outer wall, which extends the life of the bobbin (3) winding on it by transferring heat to fluid being pumped via its inner wall, and which functions as a seat for the pumping mechanism.

8. A peristaltic pump (10) as claimed in Claim 1 , characterized by comprising an outer body (7) which carries the load of the elements of the peristaltic pump (10) via the carrier shaft

(5) and the shaft seat (8), which holds together all the components of the peristaltic pump (10) components as a whole and makes them operate together, and which ensures that the pumping process is performed in a single element without the need for different stages such as motor, transmission and pump mechanisms.