WO2017109234A1 - Système d'essai de matériaux dans un milieu aquatique - Google Patents

Système d'essai de matériaux dans un milieu aquatique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2017109234A1
WO2017109234A1 PCT/ES2015/070935 ES2015070935W WO2017109234A1 WO 2017109234 A1 WO2017109234 A1 WO 2017109234A1 ES 2015070935 W ES2015070935 W ES 2015070935W WO 2017109234 A1 WO2017109234 A1 WO 2017109234A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sample
aquatic environment
fixing means
samples
corrosion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2015/070935
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Antonio RICO RUBIO
Elena SILVEIRA FERNÁNDEZ
Imanol TOUZÓN GONZÁLEZ
Pablo RUIZ MINGUELA
José Luis Villate Martínez
Original Assignee
Fundación Tecnalia Research & Innovation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fundación Tecnalia Research & Innovation filed Critical Fundación Tecnalia Research & Innovation
Priority to PCT/ES2015/070935 priority Critical patent/WO2017109234A1/fr
Publication of WO2017109234A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017109234A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of chemical and mechanical testing, and more specifically, to a device for testing materials in aquatic environments.
  • Corrosion and fatigue testing is a fundamental practice in the development of new products and materials, allowing to establish their viability and estimate their useful life.
  • the impact of corrosion in modern societies is particularly high, to the point that the additional cost caused by this phenomenon typically accounts for between 3 and 4% of the gross domestic product of a developed country.
  • corrosion can cause critical failures in sensitive structures (pipes, storage tanks, buildings, vehicles ...), leading to dramatic accidents. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that corrosion is a very slow process with important long-term consequences, which makes it difficult to study systematically. It is therefore essential to develop testo tools that allow studying the dynamics of corrosion of different materials in various environments, in order to model their life time accurately and reliably.
  • the marine environment is considered one of the most aggressive in this regard.
  • the atmospheric area classified as C5M by the ISO 9223 standard has the highest natural atmospheric corrosion; tidal and wave breakage areas have strong humidity and drying cycles; the submerged areas combine classic corrosion mechanisms with more complex ones such as differential aeration due to the oxygen gradient with the depth or the presence of biological elements.
  • the fundamentals for predicting fatigue life are based on the properties of the material obtained in the laboratory by testing specimens subject to dynamic loads until a crack appears or breaks.
  • the local stress-strain method assumes that the life of the specimen in the laboratory can be related to the life of the actual structure.
  • the test on the specimen based on these estimates does not contemplate exactly heterogeneities of the material due to the size of the component or its manufacturing process, requiring the application of minorative or safety coefficients so that the given fatigue property considers these factors among others.
  • the stress cycles to which the component is subjected during its useful life are simplified estimates based on historical data. When different cycles occur with varying magnitudes and voltage frequencies, it is difficult to characterize them accurately, again requiring the application of safety coefficients.
  • the fatigue life analysis involves a simplification of the processes involved that results in inaccurate estimates and oversized safety. Also, when performed in laboratory settings, it does not adequately represent the effects of corrosion on material fatigue.
  • test system capable of providing reliable and realistic information on the combined effect of fatigue and corrosion in an aquatic environment remains in the state of the art. Additionally, it is desirable that said system can be adapted to different sizes, materials and structures of the samples under test, thus allowing an accurate analysis of each particular case.
  • the present invention solves all the above problems by a material testing system in aquatic environments comprising at least a first floating element and a second element that can be floating, submersible or fixed to a bottom of the aquatic environment, according to three options Preferred of the invention.
  • At least one material under test is arranged between the first element and the second element, so that said material under test is fixed to the first element by means of first fixing means and to the second element by means of second fixing means.
  • Low material The test is thus at least partially submerged in the aquatic environment, however, it may be completely submerged depending on the particular implementation of the system of the invention and the particular needs of the test to be performed.
  • the arrangement of the first element and the second element allows relative displacements between them, so that when said elements move due to wind, waves, etc., they transmit stresses to the material under test. It is thus possible to simultaneously test the resistance of the material to corrosion caused by the aquatic environment, such as fatigue caused by mechanical forces.
  • the system comprises anchoring means to tie the system to the bottom of the aquatic environment or to any other fixed element and thus avoid its drift.
  • the anchoring means may be incorporated and / or connected to the first floating element, the second element, or both.
  • Said anchoring means may include, for example, ropes or chains for anchoring, blocks fixed to the bottom of the aquatic environment, other fixed position buoys, hinges fixed to the seabed that allow rotational movements of the elements, etc.
  • the system comprises mechanical means that limit the relative displacements between the first floating element and the second element. That is, although the arrangement of both elements allows both to vary their relative position, said variation is bounded in direction and / or in magnitude through the mechanical means.
  • the mechanical means comprise in one of the two elements a mostly longitudinal body (such as a cylinder or a prism), while the opposite element comprises an opening adapted to the section of said longitudinal body.
  • the system comprises first sensing means that monitor one or more properties of the sample, and / or second sensing means that monitor one or more properties of the sample environment. That is, while the first sensing means characterize the state of the sample and the possible deterioration suffered by it due to fatigue and / or corrosion, the second sensing means determine the conditions under which said deterioration has occurred. to be able to analyze it adequately. More preferably, the system comprises processing means and transmission means that process and transmit the information obtained by the first sensing means and / or the second sensing means, thus allowing remote analysis.
  • the system also comprises third fixing means for performing corrosion studies independent of mechanical fatigue. That is, the third fixing means keep one or more samples of the material under test partially or totally submerged in the aquatic environment, but do not transmit stresses to said samples as a result of the relative movements between the first element and the second element.
  • the third fixing means may be integrated in the first element, in the second element, or both.
  • a sample fixed to a third fixing means may be attached to the first element or the second element, but not both simultaneously. In this way, it is possible, for example, to compare the damage caused to a sample subjected together to the phenomena of fatigue and corrosion against another subject only to that of corrosion.
  • test system described allows therefore to perform realistic combined tests of corrosion and fatigue in aquatic environments, impossible to accurately imitate in a laboratory. It also allows the use of larger samples than the usual specimens, reducing the effect of the dimensions of the material in the estimation of the life time. In addition, the system is perfectly transportable and allows to adapt to different structures of the material under test, such as bars, ropes, chains, tubes, cables, etc.
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates the main elements of the system according to a particular implementation thereof.
  • Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a particular implementation of the system of the invention with a floating element and a submerged element.
  • Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a particular implementation of the system of the invention with two floating elements.
  • Figure 4 schematically shows a particular implementation of the system of the invention with a floating hinge element and a fixed element at the bottom of the aquatic environment.
  • the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments that have been described but also covers, for example, the variants that can be made by the average person skilled in the art (for example, in terms of the choice of materials, dimensions , components, configuration, etc.), within what follows from the claims.
  • Figure 1 presents a diagram with the main components of a particular embodiment of the system of the invention. Note that thick lines between elements represent physical connections between them, while dashed arrows represent the transmission of data between those elements. Said transmission may be wired, wireless or a combination of both.
  • the system comprises a first floating element (100) and a second element (200) that can be floating, submersible or fixed to the bottom of the aquatic environment.
  • the system is adapted so that the first element (100) and the second element (200) are mechanically connected by one or more samples (300) under test, having first fixing means (101) and second second means of fixation (201) that are attached to said samples (300).
  • first fixing means (101) and second second means of fixation (201) that are attached to said samples (300).
  • the samples (300) are interchangeable, and therefore, they are not part of the system, which does comprise the means necessary for the installation of said samples (300) according to the conditions described.
  • both the first element (100) and the second element (200) can be implemented with any material known in the state of the art for devices in aquatic environments, it being preferable that said materials are more resistant to fatigue and corrosion than the samples (300) under test.
  • the system elements may comprise protective paints or any other additional safety element.
  • the first fixing means (101) and the second fixing means (201) guarantee electrical isolation between the sample (300) and the rest of the system elements.
  • the first fixing means (101) and the second fixing means (201) may be implemented in accordance with any general mechanical joining technique known in the state of the art, such as, for example, by threads, ties, openings and stops, etc.
  • the system can adapt to various structures of the material under analysis such as bars, ropes, chains, tubes, etc., so that the fixing elements are adapted in each case to the type or types of structures to be used, being able to combine different types of fasteners in the same system.
  • the system may also comprise additional mechanical means (102, 202) that partially limit the relative movements between the first element (100) and the second element (200). That is, although the configuration of said first element (100) and second element (200) allows relative displacements between the two as a result of the movements of the aquatic environment, wind, etc., said movements may be limited in magnitude and / or direction. to restrict the induced stresses on the samples (300).
  • the mechanical means (102, 202) can restrict the relative displacement between the first element (100) and the second element (200) to a single axis and within a predetermined maximum distance, thus ensuring that the fatigue study is performs for longitudinal forces within a predefined range.
  • the system also comprises funding means (204) that prevent free drift thereof.
  • funding means (204) that prevent free drift thereof.
  • the funding means (204) can be implemented according to any general technique known in the state of the technique for anchoring marine structures, such as by means of ropes or cables attached to a fixed point of the seabed or to a heavy anchoring element.
  • the system can only perform corrosion studies.
  • it comprises third fixing means (203) that connect samples (300) under test either to the first element (100), or to the second element (200), but not to both, thus avoiding the transmission of stresses to said samples (300) as a consequence of relative movements between them.
  • the third fixing means (203) have been represented in the second element (200), but in other particular implementations they can be integrated in the first element (100) or both.
  • the third fixing means (203) can comprise frames provided with guides where the samples (300) to be tested only for corrosion can be easily introduced, so that these samples (300) can be removed from the surface, without the need for divers or complicated operations. Note that these frames are fixed structures that do not suffer significant relative displacements between the different parts that compose them, so they do not transmit stress to the samples (300) as a result of the swell.
  • the system comprises first sensing means (103), second sensing means (104), processing means (105) and transmission means (106) that allow to gather information on different parameters relevant for the fatigue phenomenon analysis and corrosion of the samples (300). Note that all of them can be integrated in the first element (100), in the second element (200), be distributed between them, or even be part of additional equipment installed in the vicinity of said elements.
  • the transmission means (106) facilitate remote and real-time analysis of the samples under test, there may be systems without said transmission means (106), so that all data is collected after the test is finished. .
  • the transmission means (106) can be implemented with any technology known in the state of the art for transmissions in marine environments, not only directed to test systems, but also to communications between vessels, oil facilities, etc.
  • the transmission means (106) can be implemented by means of 3G or 4G communications in the case of coverage of said networks as the test system is located near the coast. In the absence of such coverage, the transmission means (106) can be implemented, for example, by satellite communications.
  • the first sensing means (103) capture information related to the damage caused to the samples (300) during the test as a result of corrosion and fatigue.
  • the first sensing means (103) may comprise measurement sensors of one or more of the following parameters, as well as any other relevant parameters known in the state of the art:
  • Electrochemical parameters such as electrochemical potential measurements, linear polarization resistance, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, etc.
  • the second sensing means (104) refer to all the sensors that capture parameters external to the sample (300) that allow to correctly interpret the degradation suffered by it.
  • the second sensing means (104) may comprise measurement sensors of one or more of the following parameters, as well as any other relevant parameters known in the state of the art:
  • Atmospheric parameters such as wind direction and force; hours, duration and amount of rain; temperature and relative humidity of the air, etc.
  • Parameters of the aquatic environment such as frequency and amplitude of waves, temperature, pH, oxygen concentration, salinity, conductivity, etc.
  • Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a particular implementation of the system of the invention in which the second element (200) is a submersible element.
  • the first fixing means (101) of the first element (100) comprise a plurality of arms fixed to the floating main body of said first element (100), at whose ends a first end of the samples (300) is fixed.
  • the opposite end of said samples (300) is fixed to the second fixing means (201), in this case integrated in the main body of the second element (200).
  • the samples (300) have been represented as bars, although they could be ropes, cables, tubes, etc.
  • each sample (300) is above the buoyancy line of the system, although other particular implementations could have fully submerged samples with a simple redesign of the position of the first fixing means (101).
  • a cylindrical protuberance (202) connected to the main body of the second element (102) acts as mechanical means (102, 202) for limiting the relative movement between the first element (100) and the second element (200). 200), and also a cylindrical opening (102) through which said cylindrical protuberance (202) is introduced.
  • the tension exerted on the samples (300) is thus limited to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical protuberance (202).
  • different alternative mechanical means (102, 202) can be implemented alternately to induce different types of stress on the samples (300) according to basic mechanical knowledge.
  • the configuration of the first fixing means (101) and the second fixing means (201) can be implemented so as to completely restrict the six degrees of freedom of the ends of the sample (300) or, conversely , one of those six degrees of freedom remains unrestricted.
  • the sample (300) is allowed to slide in one direction on the first fixing means (101) or the second fixing means (201).
  • the sample (300) is only subjected to compression or traction, as appropriate.
  • said sliding is not allowed, the sample (300) is subjected to traction and compression during the tests.
  • Figure 3 presents a perspective view of another particular implementation of the system of the invention in which the second element (200) is a floating element, and may have the same morphology as the first element (100) or a different morphology.
  • the anchoring means (204) include independent ropes fixed to both the first element (100) and the second element (200).
  • first fixing means (101) and second fixing means (201) comprise rope ties, the samples (300) being arranged on said ropes.
  • the samples (300) are partially or totally submerged due to their own weight and the weight of the rope, additional weights may be included if it is necessary to actively compensate for their buoyancy.
  • the stresses exerted on the samples (300) are therefore produced by the relative alternative movement between the first element (100) and the second element (200).
  • Said elements do not include, in this case, additional mechanical means (102, 202) that limit their relative movement, although the range of said movement is determined by the string system itself on which the samples (300) are placed and by The position of the anchoring system.
  • Figure 4 presents a particular implementation of the system of the invention, based on an oscillating buoy.
  • the anchoring means (204) of the first floating element (100) comprise a hinge configured to be fixed to the bottom of the aquatic environment. That is, although the main body of the first element (100) floats in said aquatic environment, one of its ends is fixed to the bottom of the aquatic environment, allowing the swell to induce oscillating movements of rotation around the anchoring means. (204), as represented by the arrows in the figure.
  • the second element (200) is a fixed element at the bottom of the aquatic environment, positioned at a certain distance from the anchoring means (204) of the first element. In this way, the relative movements of the first element (100) with respect to the second element (200) generate tensions that are transmitted to the samples (300), allowing the desired tests to be performed.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'essai de fatigue mécanique et de corrosion dans un environnement aquatique qui comprend un premier élément (100) flottant et un deuxième élément (200) qui peut être flottant, submersible ou fixe au fond de l'environnement aquatique. Un ou plusieurs échantillons (300) du matériau soumis à un essai sont fixés entre le premier élément (100) et le deuxième élément (200), le ou les échantillons (300) restant au moins partiellement immergés. Lors de la production de mouvements relatifs entre lesdits premier élément (100) et deuxième élément (200) en raison des mouvements du milieu aquatique, des tensions sont exercées sur l'échantillon (300) et permettent d'étudier la fatigue du matériau en même temps que sa corrosion ou une combinaison des deux phénomènes.
PCT/ES2015/070935 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Système d'essai de matériaux dans un milieu aquatique WO2017109234A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2015/070935 WO2017109234A1 (fr) 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Système d'essai de matériaux dans un milieu aquatique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2015/070935 WO2017109234A1 (fr) 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Système d'essai de matériaux dans un milieu aquatique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017109234A1 true WO2017109234A1 (fr) 2017-06-29

Family

ID=55273284

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ES2015/070935 WO2017109234A1 (fr) 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Système d'essai de matériaux dans un milieu aquatique

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2017109234A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3504535A (en) * 1968-02-26 1970-04-07 Us Army Stress corrosion measurement apparatus
US5803008A (en) * 1997-06-17 1998-09-08 Georgens Industries, Inc. System and method for monitoring and controlling anchor rode length
US20060065551A1 (en) 2004-09-24 2006-03-30 Howard J D Jr Corrosion tester
CN203164099U (zh) 2013-04-01 2013-08-28 中国海洋石油总公司 依托海洋石油平台的串挂式实海腐蚀试验系统
CN104390905A (zh) * 2014-11-10 2015-03-04 中国电器科学研究院有限公司 一种模拟海洋多环境因素耦合腐蚀的试验方法及试验系统
US20150168289A1 (en) * 2012-06-18 2015-06-18 Commissariat à I'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Device for measuring the corrosion in a metallic structure or a structure comprising at least one metallic reinforcement, associated uses and method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3504535A (en) * 1968-02-26 1970-04-07 Us Army Stress corrosion measurement apparatus
US5803008A (en) * 1997-06-17 1998-09-08 Georgens Industries, Inc. System and method for monitoring and controlling anchor rode length
US20060065551A1 (en) 2004-09-24 2006-03-30 Howard J D Jr Corrosion tester
US20150168289A1 (en) * 2012-06-18 2015-06-18 Commissariat à I'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Device for measuring the corrosion in a metallic structure or a structure comprising at least one metallic reinforcement, associated uses and method
CN203164099U (zh) 2013-04-01 2013-08-28 中国海洋石油总公司 依托海洋石油平台的串挂式实海腐蚀试验系统
CN104390905A (zh) * 2014-11-10 2015-03-04 中国电器科学研究院有限公司 一种模拟海洋多环境因素耦合腐蚀的试验方法及试验系统

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SANDRA FINSÅS WIKA: "Pitting and Crevice Corrosion of Stainless Steel under Offshore Conditions", 1 July 2012 (2012-07-01), XP055287313, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:566900/fulltext01.pdf> [retrieved on 20160711] *
SCANTROL: "Monitoring and control system for anchor handling and towing winches Electric and Hydraulic winches", 31 May 2011 (2011-05-31), XP055286967, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.scantrol.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/iSYM_Tow_new.pdf> [retrieved on 20160708] *

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
El-Sherbiny Performance of suction caisson anchors in normally consolidated clay
CN204594596U (zh) 一种表层水温测量装置
Huang et al. Motion response of immersing tunnel element under random waves
Yang et al. Experimental and numerical investigation on coupled motion characteristics of a tunnel element suspended from a twin-barge
WO2017109234A1 (fr) Système d&#39;essai de matériaux dans un milieu aquatique
CN219608757U (zh) 一种自由落体式光学剖面装置
CN104949739B (zh) 用于现场校准大尺寸液位传感器的装置
CN111413131A (zh) 悬浮隧道锚索失效及连续倒塌动力响应试验装置
Ocherednik et al. Thermochains of the Southern Branch, Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences: Design, Methods, and Results of Metrological Investigations of Sensors
Kjelldorff et al. Water current measurements using oceanographic bottom lander LoTUS
RU2389996C1 (ru) Способ проведения в опытовом бассейне испытаний моделей плавучих объектов с протяженными якорными системами удержания и устройство для его осуществления
ES2482540A1 (es) Dispositivo y método de ensayo para la caracterización de materiales ante fenómenos de fisuración
CN211855880U (zh) 悬浮隧道锚索失效及连续倒塌动力响应试验装置
CN104748934A (zh) 斜挡板式横向冲击加强的浮动冲击平台
US20170261421A1 (en) Method for estimating the risk of corrosion
ES2937411B2 (es) Metodo implementado por ordenador y sistema de prediccion de la vida util de una estructura de hormigon
RU2617289C1 (ru) Профилирующая измерительная система для исследования турбулентности в подповерхностных водных структурах
RU2509998C2 (ru) Устройство для измерения инерционных характеристик моделей плавучих инженерных объектов, оборудованных якорной системой удержания, и способ их определения
KR101254972B1 (ko) 케이블 수밀성 시험기
EP3899478A1 (fr) Dispositif capteur de surveillance d&#39;éléments structuraux, élément de serrage, unité d&#39;examen et procédé de construction dudit dispositif capteur
KR100636898B1 (ko) 수중구조물 안전진단용 잠수작업대
JPH09243363A (ja) 水底・水中状況の観測方法および装置
Fujiwara et al. VIM model test and mooring line fatigue assessment on semi-submersible floaters
Lubis Structural Response Analysis for Launch, Recovery, and Operation of an Ultra-Deep-Water Work Class Remotely Operated Vehicle under Ocean Current and Wave
Vijaya et al. Assessment of feasibility of suction pile/anchor installation and pullout testing through field tests

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 15830982

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 15830982

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1