WO2017107244A1 - 一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关 - Google Patents

一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017107244A1
WO2017107244A1 PCT/CN2015/100275 CN2015100275W WO2017107244A1 WO 2017107244 A1 WO2017107244 A1 WO 2017107244A1 CN 2015100275 W CN2015100275 W CN 2015100275W WO 2017107244 A1 WO2017107244 A1 WO 2017107244A1
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Prior art keywords
thyristor
contact
switch
flow guiding
static
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PCT/CN2015/100275
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高飞
李金忠
李鹏
刘雪丽
贾鹏飞
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Publication of WO2017107244A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017107244A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/56—Contact arrangements for providing make-before-break operation, e.g. for on-load tap-changing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an on-load tap changer, in particular to a hybrid on-load tap changer which utilizes a thyristor to assist arc extinction.
  • the on-load tap-changer is an important component of the power regulating transformer and the industrial voltage regulating transformer. It can adjust the tapping position of the transformer without interrupting the load current, and then realize the fine-tuning of the ratio to change the transformer. Output voltage or output capacity; however, conventional on-load tap-changers generate arcs when switching, and the generation of arcs inevitably leads to energy loss and transformer oil contamination.
  • the thyristor on-load tap-changer can completely avoid arcing during the gear shifting process.
  • performance parameters and reliability indicators are continuously improved. It has become an irresistible trend to optimize the electrical performance of switches by using power electronic devices.
  • the present invention provides a new thyristor-assisted arc-extinguishing hybrid on-load tap-changer.
  • the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a thyristor auxiliary arc extinguishing hybrid on-load tap changer, the switch comprising a main current loop and a thyristor module connected in parallel with the main current loop; the main current loop includes sequentially connected a first contact switch, a main circuit switch and a second contact switch; the improvement is that the main circuit switch comprises two static flow guiding contacts separated from each other and movably connected to two static flow guiding contacts Activity switch.
  • the movable switch comprises a conductive sheet and two trigger contacts respectively fixed perpendicularly on two sides of the lower surface of the conductive sheet; the two trigger contacts are disposed between the two static flow guiding contacts And correspondingly connected to the two static flow guiding contacts.
  • first contact switch and the second contact switch both include a static contact and a movable contact that is movably connected to the static contact; a static contact of the first contact switch and the two static diversion One of the contacts is connected to a static flow contact, and the movable contact is connected to one end of the thyristor module; the static contact of the second contact switch and the other of the two static flow guiding contacts are statically guided The flow contact is connected, and the movable contact is connected to the other end of the thyristor module.
  • a height of the trigger contact in a direction perpendicular to the conductive sheet is greater than a height of the static flow guiding contact in a direction perpendicular to the conductive sheet;
  • the movable switch is movable in a direction perpendicular to the conductive sheet, and the movable switch is detached from the static flow guiding contact before the trigger contact during the moving process: the conductive piece of the movable switch and the
  • the conductive piece of the movable switch When the two static flow guiding contacts are electrically connected, a current flows through the main current loop, and the thyristor module is short-circuited; the conductive pad of the movable switch is separated from the two static flow guiding contacts, the thyristor
  • the module triggers conduction, a current flows through the thyristor module, and the main current loop is short-circuited; after the trigger contact of the movable switch is separated from the static flow guiding contact, the thyristor module is naturally turned off.
  • the first contact switch and the second contact switch are disconnected.
  • the resistivity of the static flow guiding contact is equal to the electrical resistivity of the conductive sheet; the resistivity of the trigger contact is much larger than the resistivity of the static current guiding contact.
  • the static current guiding contact has a resistivity of less than 2*10 -8 ⁇ m.
  • the resistivity of the trigger contact is greater than 0.1 ⁇ m and less than 1 ⁇ m.
  • the thyristor module includes a first thyristor and a second thyristor; a cathode of the first thyristor is connected to an anode of the second thyristor and is connected to a movable contact of the first contact switch; An anode of a thyristor is connected to a cathode of the second thyristor and is connected to a movable contact of the second contact switch; a gate of the first thyristor and a gate of the second thyristor pass resistance and high voltage
  • the silicon stack is electrically connected to the active switch.
  • the gates of the first thyristor and the second thyristor are respectively connected to the cathodes of the two high-voltage silicon stacks, and the anodes of the two high-voltage silicon stacks are respectively connected to two resistors, and the two resistors are respectively versus The conductive sheets of the movable switch are electrically connected.
  • the invention provides a novel solution based on the conventional technical solution, which is provided with a high-resistivity conductor in addition to the original static flow guiding contact composed of a good conductor (low resistivity).
  • Trigger contacts the active connection between the two contacts, by setting a specific action time for the two sets of contacts, and finally providing the required voltage for the thyristor trigger in a resistance limit manner, and providing the thyristor gate Sufficient trigger energy completely solves the defects in the technical solution of FIG.
  • the present invention has the following significant advancements:
  • the thyristor-based arcless on-load tap changer does not always effectively extinguish the arc, and the arc extinguishing characteristic is related to the arc current direction and the switching action state.
  • the gate trigger circuit is adopted in the thyristor.
  • the high-low resistivity contact combination of the active connection is added to the structure, and the voltage limit is realized by the current flowing through the resistor, which ensures the phase of the thyristor voltage and the trigger level, and improves the trigger reliability, thereby solving the prior art.
  • the arcless on-load tap-changer does not always have the problem of effectively extinguishing the arc.
  • the thyristor-assisted arc-extinguishing hybrid on-load tap changer provided by the present invention controls the timing of the action between the thyristor cathode-anode terminal contacts (ie, the first contact switch and the second contact switch) and the gate terminal contacts It can effectively control the time when the thyristor is bypassed by the main current loop, so that the thyristor continuous current in the thyristor module is less than 12 milliseconds, which can prevent the arc from burning the contact head, thereby prolonging the maintenance cycle of the on-load tap-changer and improving the load.
  • the reliability of the tap changer controls the timing of the action between the thyristor cathode-anode terminal contacts (ie, the first contact switch and the second contact switch) and the gate terminal contacts It can effectively control the time when the thyristor is bypassed by the main current loop, so that the thyristor continuous current in the thyristor module is less than 12 milliseconds,
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of a prior art arcless on-load tap changer
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit schematic diagram of a thyristor-assisted arc-extinguishing hybrid on-load tap changer when the main current loop is turned on according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a thyristor-assisted arc-extinguishing hybrid on-load tap changer in a main current loop disconnection process provided by the present invention.
  • the thyristor-assisted arc-extinguishing hybrid on-load tap changer provided by the invention is mainly applied to the switching circuit of the arcless on-load tap changer, avoiding the generation of arcing, and preventing the burning of the sub-contact of the transformer oil by the arcing, thereby Improve the maintenance cycle of the on-load tap-changer and increase the reliability of the on-load tap-changer.
  • the thyristor auxiliary arc extinguishing hybrid on-load tap changer comprises a main current loop and a thyristor connected in parallel with the main current loop a module;
  • the main current loop includes a first contact switch, a main loop switch, and a second contact switch connected in sequence;
  • the main loop switch includes two static flow guiding contacts A and D separated from each other, and two Active switch with active connection of static guide contacts.
  • the movable switch includes a conductive sheet 21 and two trigger contacts B and C respectively fixed perpendicularly on two sides of the lower surface of the conductive sheet; the two trigger contacts B and C are disposed on the two static guides Between the contacts A and D, and correspondingly connected to the two static flow guiding contacts A and D respectively.
  • the first contact switch and the second contact switch both include a static contact and a movable contact that movably connects the static contact; the static contact 20 of the first contact switch is connected to the static flow guiding contact A, The movable contact 20' is connected to one end of the thyristor module; the static contact 22' of the second contact switch is connected to the static flow guiding contact D, and the movable contact 22 is connected to the other end of the thyristor module.
  • the height of the trigger contacts B and C in a direction perpendicular to the conductive sheet 21 is greater than the height of the static flow guiding contacts A and D in a direction perpendicular to the conductive sheet 21.
  • the movable switch is movable in a direction perpendicular to the conductive sheet 21, and the movable switch 21 is separated from the static contact guiding contacts A and D before the trigger contacts B and C during the moving process:
  • the conductive strip of the active switch is electrically connected to the two static flow guiding contacts, current flows through the main current loop, and the thyristor module is short-circuited; when the conductive strip of the movable switch is separated from the two static
  • the thyristor module triggers conduction, current flows through the thyristor module, and the main current loop is short-circuited; when the trigger contact of the active switch is disengaged from the static flow guiding contact, The thyristor module is naturally turned off.
  • the resistivity of the static flow guiding contact is equal to the electrical resistivity of the conductive sheet; the resistivity of the trigger contact is much larger than the resistivity of the static current guiding contact.
  • the static current guiding contact has a resistivity of less than 2*10 -8 ⁇ m.
  • the resistivity of the trigger contact is greater than 0.1 ⁇ m and less than 1 ⁇ m, and the specific parameters depend on the technical parameters of the on-load tap changer.
  • the thyristor module includes a first thyristor and a second thyristor; a cathode of the first thyristor is connected to an anode of the second thyristor and is connected to a movable contact 20 of the first contact switch; the first thyristor An anode is connected to the cathode of the second thyristor and connected to the movable contact 22 of the second contact switch; the gate of the first thyristor and the gate of the second thyristor both pass through a resistor and a high voltage silicon
  • the stack is electrically connected to the active switch.
  • the gates of the first thyristor and the second thyristor are respectively connected to the cathodes of the two high-voltage silicon stacks, and the anodes of the two high-voltage silicon stacks are respectively connected to two resistors, and the two resistors are The conductive sheets of the active switch are electrically connected.
  • the triggering principle of the thyristor auxiliary arc extinguishing hybrid on-load tap changer provided by the invention is as follows:
  • the current passes through the 20-21-22 loop, and the thyristor module does not work, that is, the thyristor loop does not pass current under normal conditions.
  • the current path is the same as A-20'-A-21-D-22'-B shown in Figure 2.
  • 21 When 21 is open, the contact resistance between A and 21, 21 and D gradually increases, resulting in A and 21. 21 and D no longer equipotential.
  • the present invention utilizes additional contact resistance contacts to achieve an increase in trigger energy, as shown in Figures 2 and 3,
  • a and D are static flow guiding contacts with low resistivity for normal through flow. Use;
  • B and C are high resistivity trigger contacts for triggering use. That is, when the loop is normally closed, the current path is A-20'-A-21-D-22'-B, and when triggered, A-20'-B-21-C-22'-B, through the high resistivity trigger
  • the resistance of the head is divided to form a positive potential and a trigger potential (see Figure 3), and the width of the trigger pulse is ensured by the high resistivity of the contact terminals B and C and the low resistivity contacts A and D.
  • B and C are disconnected first, and A and D are disconnected.
  • the closing process is to close AD first and then close after BC to ensure reliable triggering.
  • the first thyristor 1 in the thyristor module can be triggered.
  • the conductive sheet 21 is triggered in the same manner from the opening to the closing process.
  • 20 and 20', 22 and 22' are to prevent the thyristor from being affected by the circuit. It can be turned on after the thyristor is naturally turned off. There must be a disconnection timing requirement, that is, the separation process is B, C and A, D are separated - the thyristor is turned off.
  • - 20 and 20' and 22 and 22' separate, to ensure that 20 and 20' and 22 and 22' do not produce arcing, B, C and A, D separated by more than 10ms after 20 and 20' and 22 and 22' Open; use the telescopic contact technology to control the timing of the action between the thyristor cathode-anode terminal contacts (ie, the first contact switch and the second contact switch) and the gate terminal contacts, by adjusting the elasticity of the elastic members in the telescopic contacts Modulus and mass, controlling the time that the thyristor is bypassed by the main current loop.
  • the thyristor cathode-anode terminal contacts ie, the first contact switch and the second contact switch

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关，所述开关包括主电流回路以及与所述主电流回路并联的晶闸管模块；所述主电流回路包括依次连接的第一触头开关、主回路开关和第二触头开关；所述主回路开关包括两个彼此分离的静态导流触头、以及与两个静态导流触头活动连接的活动开关。晶闸管模块通过机械开关触头打开过程的电位差来建立晶闸管的触发条件，使得晶闸管模块的触发更加安全可靠，晶闸管模块中的晶闸管持续电流小于12毫秒，触发过程不会产生燃弧，开关过渡平稳，无电弧冲击及热量产生。

Description

一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关 技术领域
本发明涉及一种有载分接开关，具体讲涉及一种利用晶闸管辅助熄弧的混合式有载分接开关。
背景技术
有载分接开关是电力调压变压器和工业调压变压器的重要组件，通过它可实现在变压器不中断负载电流的情况下调节其分接档位，进而实现变比的微调，以改变变压器的输出电压或输出容量；然而传统有载分接开关在切换时会产生电弧，电弧的产生必然带来能量的损耗及变压器油的污染。
晶闸管有载分接开关能完全避免档位切换过程中产生电弧，随着电力电子器件的不断发展，性能参数及可靠性指标不断提高，利用电力电子器件优化开关电气性能已成为大势所趋。
为了提高晶闸管开关的安全性，西安交通大学电气工程学院的赵刚等研究了一种基于晶闸管的无弧有载分接开关，其结构如图1所示，这种分接开关模型在低压模拟试验中发现其灭弧开关并不总能有效灭弧，其灭弧特性与电弧电流方向和开关动作状况有关，试验还发现用于旁路开关电流的正反向晶闸管在开关闭合时的触发导通状况与节点4、5闭合的先后以及闭合时电弧电流的方向密切相关，该问题并未在其公开文献中获得解决，依其原理的样机也未获得商业应用。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中所存在的上述不足，本发明提供一种新的晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关。
本发明提供的技术方案是：一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关，所述开关包括主电流回路以及与所述主电流回路并联的晶闸管模块；所述主电流回路包括依次连接的第一触头开关、主回路开关和第二触头开关；其改进之处在于：所述主回路开关包括两个彼此分离的静态导流触头、以及与两个静态导流触头活动连接的活动开关。
优选的，所述活动开关包括导电片和分别垂直固定在所述导电片下表面两侧的两个触发触头；所述两个触发触头设于所述两个静态导流触头之间，并分别与所述两个静态导流触头对应活动连接。
进一步，第一触头开关和第二触头开关均包括静触头和活动连接所述静触头的动触头；所述第一触头开关的静触头与所述两个静态导流触头中的一个静态导流触头连接，其动触头与晶闸管模块的一端相连；所述第二触头开关的静触头与所述两个静态导流触头中的另一个静态导流触头连接，其动触头与所述晶闸管模块的另一端相连。
进一步，所述触发触头在垂直于所述导电片方向上的高度大于所述静态导流触头在垂直于所述导电片方向上的高度；
所述活动开关可沿垂直于所述导电片的方向移动，所述活动开关在移动过程中，其导电片先于触发触头脱离静态导流触头：所述活动开关的导电片与所述两个静态导流触头电气相连时，电流经所述主电流回路流通，所述晶闸管模块被短路；所述活动开关的导电片脱离所述两个静态导流触头过程中，所述晶闸管模块触发导通，电流经所述晶闸管模块流通，所述主电流回路被短路；所述活动开关的触发触头脱离所述静态导流触头后，所述晶闸管模块自然关断。
进一步，所述活动开关的触发触头脱离所述静态导流触头10ms以上后，第一触头开关和第二触头开关断开。
进一步，所述静态导流触头的电阻率等于导电片的电阻率；所述触发触头的电阻率远大于所述静态导流触头的电阻率。
进一步，所述静态导流触头的电阻率小于2*10-8Ω·m。
进一步，所述触发触头的电阻率大于0.1Ω·m且小于1Ω·m。
优选的，所述晶闸管模块包括第一晶闸管和第二晶闸管；所述第一晶闸管的阴极与所述第二晶闸管的阳极连接后与所述第一触头开关的动触头相连；所述第一晶闸管的阳极与所述第二晶闸管的阴极连接后与所述第二触头开关的动触头相连；所述第一晶闸管的门极与所述第二晶闸管的门极均通过电阻和高压硅堆与所述活动开关电气相连。
进一步，所述第一晶闸管和所述第二晶闸管的门极分别与两个高压硅堆的阴极对应连接，所述两个高压硅堆的阳极分别与两个电阻连接，所述两个电阻均与 所述活动开关的导电片电气相连。
本发明在传统技术方案的基础上提供了一种新型解决方案，该方案中除了原有的由良导体(低电阻率)组成的静态导流触头外，还设置了由高电阻率导体组成的触发触头，这两个触头之间采用活动连接，通过为这两组触头设置特定的动作时间，最终以电阻限位的方式为晶闸管触发提供符合要求的电压，并为晶闸管门极提供足够的触发能量，彻底解决了附图1技术方案中的缺陷。
与最接近的现有技术相比，本发明具有如下显著进步：
1)现有技术方案中基于晶闸管的无弧有载分接开关并不总能有效灭弧，其灭弧特性与电弧电流方向和开关动作状况有关，本发明中通过在晶闸管的门极触发电路结构处加入了活动连接的高低电阻率触头组合，依靠流过电阻的电流实现电压限位，确保了晶闸管电压与触发电平的同相位，提高了触发可靠性，从而解决了现有技术中的无弧有载分接开关不总能有效灭弧的问题。
2)本发明提供的晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关通过控制晶闸管阴阳极端子触头(也就是第一触头开关和第二触头开关)与门极端子触头间的动作时序，可有效控制晶闸管被主电流回路旁路的时间，使得晶闸管模块中的晶闸管持续电流小于12毫秒，可防止电弧烧损分接触头，从而延长有载分接开关的维护周期，并提高有载分接开关的可靠性。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中无弧有载分接开关的电路原理图
图2为本发明提供的主电流回路接通时，晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关的电路原理图；
图3为本发明提供的主电流回路断开过程中，晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关的电路原理图。
其中1-第一晶闸管；2-第二晶闸管；20-第一触头开关的动触头；20’-第一触头开关的静触头；21-导电片；22-第二触头开关的动触头；22’-第二触头开关的静触头；A/D-静态导流触头；B/C-触发触头。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。
为了彻底了解本发明实施例，将在下列的描述中提出详细的结构。显然，本发明实施例的施行并不限定于本领域的技术人员所熟习的特殊细节。本发明的较佳实施例详细描述如下，然而除了这些详细描述外，本发明还可以具有其他实施方式。
本发明提供的晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关主要应用于无弧有载分接开关的切换回路，避免燃弧的产生，防止燃弧对变压器油的分接触头的烧损，从而提高有载分接开关的维护周期，并提高有载分接开关的可靠性。
本发明提供的晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关的结构如图2所示：所述晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关包括主电流回路以及与所述主电流回路并联的晶闸管模块；所述主电流回路包括依次连接的第一触头开关、主回路开关和第二触头开关；所述主回路开关包括两个彼此分离的静态导流触头A和D、以及与两个静态导流触头活动连接的活动开关。
所述活动开关包括导电片21和分别垂直固定在所述导电片下表面两侧的两个触发触头B和C；所述两个触发触头B和C设于所述两个静态导流触头A和D之间，并分别与所述两个静态导流触头A和D对应活动连接。
第一触头开关和第二触头开关均包括静触头和活动连接所述静触头的动触头；所述第一触头开关的静触头20与静态导流触头A连接，其动触头20’与晶闸管模块的一端相连；所述第二触头开关的静触头22’与静态导流触头D连接，其动触头22与所述晶闸管模块的另一端相连。
所述触发触头B和C在垂直于所述导电片21方向上的高度大于所述静态导流触头A和D在垂直于所述导电片21方向上的高度。
所述活动开关可沿垂直于所述导电片21的方向移动，所述活动开关在移动过程中，其导电片21先于触发触头B和C脱离静态导流触头A和D：当所述活动开关的导电片与所述两个静态导流触头电气相连时，电流经所述主电流回路流通，所述晶闸管模块被短路；当所述活动开关的导电片脱离所述两个静态导流触头时，所述晶闸管模块触发导通，电流经所述晶闸管模块流通，所述主电流回路被短路；当所述活动开关的触发触头脱离所述静态导流触头时，所述晶闸管模块自然关断。
所述静态导流触头的电阻率等于导电片的电阻率；所述触发触头的电阻率远大于所述静态导流触头的电阻率。
所述静态导流触头的电阻率小于2*10-8Ω·m。
所述触发触头的电阻率大于0.1Ω·m且小于1Ω·m，具体参数视有载分接开关技术参数而定。
所述晶闸管模块包括第一晶闸管和第二晶闸管；所述第一晶闸管的阴极与所述第二晶闸管的阳极连接后与所述第一触头开关的动触头20相连；所述第一晶闸管的阳极与所述第二晶闸管的阴极连接后与所述第二触头开关的动触头22相连；所述第一晶闸管的门极与所述第二晶闸管的门极均通过电阻和高压硅堆与所述活动开关电气相连。
所述第一晶闸管和所述第二晶闸管的门极分别与两个高压硅堆的阴极对应连接，所述两个高压硅堆的阳极分别与两个电阻连接，所述两个电阻均与所述活动开关的导电片电气相连。
本发明提供的晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关的触发原理如下：
正常通电情况下电流经过20-21-22回路，晶闸管模块不起作用，即晶闸管回路正常情况下不通过电流。
正常通电情况下电流通路同图2所示A-20’-A-21-D-22’-B，当21打开过程中，由于A与21，21与D接触电阻逐渐增大造成A与21，21与D不再等电位，交流电在某一时刻按A-B电流方向时A、21、D电位关系为VA＞V21＞VD，因20与20’，22与22’闭合，则V20＝V20’＝VA、V22＝V22’＝VD,则有V20＞V22，则晶闸管两端建立由20-22的正向电压，即形成压降回路20-晶闸管模块-22(此时晶闸管模块未触发，无电流)，随21导电片打开过程，20-22的正向电压满足晶闸管导通条件，与此同时随21导电片打开过程VA＞V21＞VD，则形成分支压降回路21-第二晶闸管2的门级-22-22’-D-21，晶闸管模块中的第二晶闸管2门级产生触发电流，电流大小由回路性质决定，触发电流触发晶闸管导通第二晶闸管2，因此随21打开过程中电位差的增加，晶闸管模块阳极A到阴极K由于V20＞V22产生正向偏置电压，门级G到阴极K由于V21＞VD产生门级偏置电压并有触发电流通过，满足晶闸管触发导通的条件，从而使得晶闸管导通，电流由A-20’-20-第二晶闸管2-22-22’-B，这时A-21-D回路被短路，无电流通过，不会有燃弧产生。电 流过零后，由于B和C与A和D分开了一段距离，即活动开关与A和D完全断开，不再产生触发电流，因此晶闸管关断。
为了能够有足够的触发能量，本发明利用附加接触电阻触点来实现触发能量的增加，如图2和3所示，A和D为静态导流触头，电阻率低，用于正常通流使用；B和C为高电阻率的触发触头，用于触发使用。即回路正常闭合时，电流通路为A-20’-A-21-D-22’-B，触发时A-20’-B-21-C-22’-B，通过高电阻率的触发触头的电阻分压来形成正向电位及触发电位(见图3)，并通过高电阻率的触发触头B和C与低电阻率触点A和D接触时序来保证触发脉冲的宽度，即离开过程为B和C先断开，A和D后断开，闭合过程为AD先闭合，BC后闭合，保证可靠触发。
电流反向时，同理可知可触发晶闸管模块中的第一晶闸管1。此外，导电片21由打开到合上过程中触发方式相同。
其中20与20’、22与22’为防止晶闸管受电路影响，可在晶闸管自然关断后打开，必须有断开时序要求，即分开过程为B、C与A、D分开——晶闸管关断——20与20’和22与22’分开，为保证20与20’和22与22’不产生燃弧，B、C与A、D分开10ms以上后20与20’和22与22’才能打开；采用伸缩触头技术控制晶闸管阴阳极端子触头(也就是第一触头开关和第二触头开关)与门极端子触头间的动作时序，通过调整伸缩触头中弹性元件的弹性模量与质量，控制晶闸管被主电流回路旁路的时间。
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，这些未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，均在申请待批的权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关，所述开关包括主电流回路以及与所述主电流回路并联的晶闸管模块；所述主电流回路包括依次连接的第一触头开关、主回路开关和第二触头开关；其特征在于：所述主回路开关包括两个彼此分离的静态导流触头、以及与两个静态导流触头活动连接的活动开关。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关，其特征在于：
    所述活动开关包括导电片和分别垂直固定在所述导电片下表面两侧的两个触发触头；所述两个触发触头设于所述两个静态导流触头之间，并分别与所述两个静态导流触头对应活动连接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关，其特征在于：
    第一触头开关和第二触头开关均包括静触头和活动连接所述静触头的动触头；所述第一触头开关的静触头与所述两个静态导流触头中的一个静态导流触头连接，其动触头与晶闸管模块的一端相连；所述第二触头开关的静触头与所述两个静态导流触头中的另一个静态导流触头连接，其动触头与所述晶闸管模块的另一端相连。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关，其特征在于：
    所述触发触头在垂直于所述导电片方向上的高度大于所述静态导流触头在垂直于所述导电片方向上的高度；
    所述活动开关可沿垂直于所述导电片的方向移动，所述活动开关在移动过程中，其导电片先于触发触头脱离静态导流触头：所述活动开关的导电片与所述两个静态导流触头电气相连时，电流经所述主电流回路流通，所述晶闸管模块被短路；所述活动开关的导电片脱离所述两个静态导流触头过程中，所述晶闸管模块触发导通，电流经所述晶闸管模块流通，所述主电流回路被短路；所述活动开关的触发触头脱离所述静态导流触头后，所述晶闸管模块自然关断。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关，其特征在于：
    所述活动开关的触发触头脱离所述静态导流触头10ms以上后，第一触头开关和第二触头开关断开。
  6. 如权利要求2-5中任意一项所述的一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关，其特征在于：
    所述静态导流触头的电阻率等于导电片的电阻率；所述触发触头的电阻率远大于所述静态导流触头的电阻率。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关，其特征在于：
    所述静态导流触头的电阻率小于2*10-8Ω·m。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关，其特征在于：
    所述触发触头的电阻率大于0.1Ω·m且小于1Ω·m。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关，其特征在于：
    所述晶闸管模块包括第一晶闸管和第二晶闸管；所述第一晶闸管的阴极与所述第二晶闸管的阳极连接后与所述第一触头开关的动触头相连；所述第一晶闸管的阳极与所述第二晶闸管的阴极连接后与所述第二触头开关的动触头相连；所述第一晶闸管的门极与所述第二晶闸管的门极均通过电阻和高压硅堆与所述活动开关电气相连。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的一种晶闸管辅助熄弧混合式有载分接开关，其特征在于：
    所述第一晶闸管和所述第二晶闸管的门极分别与两个高压硅堆的阴极对应连接，所述两个高压硅堆的阳极分别与两个电阻连接，所述两个电阻均与所述活动开关的导电片电气相连。
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