WO2017101035A1

WO2017101035A1 - Speed reducer, hydraulic drive system, and dual-power drive system

Info

Publication number: WO2017101035A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/097533
Authority: WO
Inventors: 单增海; 孙建华; 丁宏刚; 李丽; 朱磊
Original assignee: 徐州重型机械有限公司
Priority date: 2015-12-16
Filing date: 2015-12-16
Publication date: 2017-06-22

Abstract

A speed reducer, a hydraulic drive system, and a dual-power drive system. The speed reducer (7) comprises a first shaft (73), a second shaft (74), and a clutch means, wherein the clutch means comprises a pneumatic control unit (1) and a transmission unit (2); the transmission unit (2) is connected to the first shaft (73); the pneumatic control unit (1) provides air pressure to drive the transmission unit (2) to carry out a reciprocating motion, so that the first shaft (73) and the second shaft (74) can be connected and disconnected. When the first shaft (73) and the second shaft (74) are connected, the speed reducer (7) can amplify drive torque provided by a hydraulic motor (6) and transmit the amplified drive torque to an axle (9); by amplifying the drive torque, power of the hydraulic drive system can be equal to that of a mechanical drive system, and the drive performance of the hydraulic drive system is improved. When the first shaft (73) and the second shaft (74) are disconnected, power transmission between the hydraulic motor (6) and the axle (9) can be disconnected, and the hydraulic drive system is utilized selectively.

Description

Reducer, hydraulic drive system and dual power drive system

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a speed reducer, a hydraulic drive system and a dual power drive system.

Background technique

Construction machinery is widely used in heavy-duty transportation, construction, field hoisting and public service. The construction environment is usually harsh, the road surface is uneven, and the road conditions are poor. Therefore, the driving performance of construction machinery is receiving more and more attention.

For example, wheel cranes often need to be moved back and forth between construction sites during construction operations. In the course of driving, they often need to carry large loads or wading through mountains. Therefore, customers are especially large-wheel-type wheels for wheeled cranes. The driving performance requirements of cranes are getting higher and higher.

The existing construction machinery vehicles are mostly single power system driving modes. As shown in the mechanical power driving system shown in Fig. 1, the engine a1 provides power to the axle through the gearbox a2, the transfer case a3 and the transmission shaft a4. The power drive system is mainly applied to construction machinery vehicles that are driving on highways, and has high transmission efficiency and large speed range. For low-speed, high-torque, and off-highway construction machinery vehicles that often travel on the construction site, such as loader powertrain, excavator travel systems, and crawler crane travel systems, etc., The hydraulic power drive system, that is, the engine b1 drives the hydraulic pump b2 to supply hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motor b3, and the hydraulic motor b3 is directly connected to the drive axle b4 to provide driving power. The hydraulic power drive system has good stepless speed regulation performance and The flexibility of the layout, but its low speed range and low efficiency, it is less used on the road.

For the construction machinery vehicles with multi-level axles, the driving weight is large and the working conditions are complex. The single drive system can not meet the power demand of the whole machine. A dual-powered drive system that combines drive and hydraulic power for extended road conditions or hill climbing needs. The hydraulic drive system generally connects the hydraulic motor directly to the axle, and converts the hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. The hydraulic drive has a small hydraulic pressure and low efficiency, and is difficult to be used with the mechanical drive system, and cannot be applied to road construction engineering machinery.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a reducer, a hydraulic drive system and a dual power drive system, wherein the reducer has a clutch function and can selectively transmit the drive torque provided by the hydraulic motor to the axle.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a speed reducer including a first shaft, a second shaft, and a clutch device, the clutch device including an air control unit and a transmission unit, the transmission unit being coupled to the first shaft The air control unit provides air pressure to drive the transmission unit to reciprocate, thereby enabling the first shaft to engage and disengage the second shaft.

In a preferred or alternative embodiment, the transmission unit includes a slide bar, one end of the slide bar is provided with a spring, the other end of the slide bar is connected to the first shaft, and the air control unit provides air pressure Driving the slide bar to compress a spring, the first shaft is engaged with the second shaft, the air control unit is deflated, and the slide rod is reset under the restoring force of the spring, enabling the The first shaft is disengaged from the second shaft.

In a preferred or alternative embodiment, the slide bar is provided with a shifting fork, and the slide bar is coupled to the first shaft by the shift fork.

In a preferred or alternative embodiment, the transmission unit further includes a spline sleeve, the spline sleeve being provided with an internal spline structure, the inner spline structure being capable of interacting with the first shaft and the second The external spline structure disposed on the shaft is in meshing transmission, and the fork is disposed in the annular groove on the spline sleeve.

In a preferred or alternative embodiment, the air control unit includes a clutch A control air vent on the device through which the air supply system supplies air pressure to the transmission unit.

In a preferred or alternative embodiment, the speed reducer further includes detecting means, the detecting means including a sensor for detecting a clutch signal of the first shaft and the second shaft, and coupling The signal is transmitted to the control system.

In a preferred or alternative embodiment, the torque amplifying transmission structure inside the retarder is a planetary gear structure.

To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a hydraulic drive system comprising the speed reducer described in any of the above embodiments.

In a preferred or alternative embodiment, the input end of the reducer is provided with a hydraulic motor, the first shaft is connected to the input end of the reducer, and the second shaft is connected to the output end of the reducer The output shaft of the reducer is connected to the axle.

To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a dual power drive system including a mechanical drive system, and the hydraulic drive system of any of the above embodiments.

Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

The invention provides a reciprocating motion of the air pressure driving transmission unit through the air control unit, and the first shaft and the second shaft of the speed reducer are engaged and disengaged, and the hydraulic motor can be driven by the speed reducer in a state where the first shaft and the second shaft are engaged The provided driving torque is amplified and transmitted to the axle. By amplifying the driving torque, the power of the hydraulic driving system can be equated with the power of the mechanical driving system, and the driving performance of the hydraulic driving system is improved, and the first shaft is disconnected from the second shaft. In this state, the power transmission between the hydraulic motor and the axle can be disconnected, and the hydraulic drive system can be selectively used.

The invention adopts the air control form to realize the clutching of the first shaft and the second shaft in the reducer, has high reliability, and integrates the clutch device on the reducer, and has a simple and compact structure.

DRAWINGS

The drawings described herein are provided to provide a further understanding of the invention, The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the description thereof are intended to be illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In the drawing

1 is a schematic view of a mechanical power drive system in the prior art;

2 is a schematic view of a hydraulic drive system in the prior art;

3 is a schematic view showing the external structure of a speed reducer provided by the present invention;

4 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a speed reducer provided by the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a clutch detection structure of a speed reducer provided by the present invention; FIG.

Figure 6 is a block diagram showing the structure of a hydraulic drive system provided by the present invention.

Number in the drawing:

1-air control unit; 11-control vent;

2-transmission unit; 21-slider; 22-spring; 23-switch; 24--spline sleeve; 25-external spline structure;

3-detection device; 31-sensor;

4-engine; 5-hydraulic pump; 6-hydraulic motor;

7-reducer; 71-inverter input; 72-reducer output; 73-first shaft; 74-second shaft;

8-drive shaft; 9-axle; 10-vent plug.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", The orientation or positional relationship of the indications such as "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position shown in the drawings. The present invention is to be understood as being limited to the scope of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, an exemplary embodiment of a speed reducer 7 provided by the present invention, in which the speed reducer 7 is integrally provided with a clutching device and a detecting device 3, the input end 71 of the speed reducer 7 is hydraulic The motor mounting end is for mounting the hydraulic motor 6, and the output 72 of the retarder 7 can be coupled to the axle 9 via the drive shaft 8 (shown in Figure 6). As shown in FIG. 4, the speed reducer 7 further includes a first shaft 73 and a second shaft 74. The first shaft 73 is connected to the input end 71 of the speed reducer 7, and the second shaft 74 is connected to the output end 72 of the speed reducer 7.

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, an exemplary embodiment of a clutch device and a detecting device 3 integrated on the speed reducer 7 provided by the present invention is provided. In the exemplary embodiment, the clutch device includes an air control unit 1 and a transmission. Unit 2, the transmission unit 2 is connected to the first shaft 73 of the speed reducer 7. The air control unit 1 provides air pressure to drive the transmission unit 2 to reciprocate the first shaft 73, and engages and disengages with the second shaft 74 of the speed reducer 7. Further, the driving torque supplied from the hydraulic motor 6 can be amplified by the speed reducer 7 to be transmitted to the axle 9, and the power transmission between the hydraulic motor 6 and the axle 9 can be interrupted by the speed reducer 7, and the hydraulic drive can be selectively used. system.

In a state where the first shaft 73 of the speed reducer 7 is engaged with the second shaft 74, the speed reducer 7 can amplify the driving torque provided by the hydraulic motor 6, and the power of the hydraulic drive system can be equated with the mechanical drive by amplifying the driving torque. The power of the system to improve the drive performance of the hydraulic drive system.

The invention realizes the clutching of the first shaft 73 and the second shaft 74 in the speed reducer 7 by means of air control, has fast response speed, high reliability, can realize selective use of the hydraulic drive system, and the speed reducer 7 is integrated with the clutch. The device has a clutch function, the structure is simple and compact, the cost is low, and the occupied space is small.

In an exemplary embodiment of the speed reducer 7 provided by the present invention, the transmission unit 2 can In order to include the slide bar 21, one end of the slide bar 21 may be provided with a spring 22, and the other end of the slide bar 21 is connected to the first shaft 73. The air control unit 1 provides air pressure to drive the slide bar 21 to compress the spring 22, thereby enabling sliding The rod 21 drives the first shaft 73 to engage with the second shaft 74, and the power transmission between the hydraulic motor 6 and the axle 9 is realized by the speed reducer 7; the air control unit 1 is cut off, and the slide rod 21 is reset by the restoring force of the spring 22. The first shaft 73 and the second shaft 74 can be disengaged, and the power transmission between the hydraulic motor 6 and the axle 9 can be interrupted. By providing the driving of the power driving slide rod 21 by means of air control, the reliability is high, and in the air-off state of the air control unit 1, the restoring force of the spring 22 can be used to reset the sliding rod 21, the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.

In a preferred or alternative embodiment, the slider 21 can be provided with a shift fork 23 which is coupled to the first shaft 73 by a shift fork 23.

Further, the fork 23 is connected to the spline sleeve 24, and the outer circumference of the spline sleeve 24 is provided with an annular groove, the fork 23 is disposed in the annular groove, and the inner side of the spline sleeve 24 is provided with an internal spline structure, and the first shaft 73 An outer spline structure 25 can be disposed on the second shaft 74, and the inner spline structure on the spline sleeve 24 can engage with the outer spline structure 25 on the first shaft 73 and the second shaft 74 to realize the flower. The key sleeve 24 rotates with the first shaft 73, and the spline sleeve 24 is realized to rotate the second shaft 74.

In the above embodiment, since the shifting fork 23 is disposed in the annular groove of the spline sleeve 24, the reciprocating movement of the spline sleeve 24 by the shifting fork 23 can be realized, and the first shaft 73 and the second shaft 74 can be engaged and disengaged. The shift fork 23 is not caused to interfere with the rotation of the spline sleeve 24 with the first shaft 73.

Through the connection of the first shaft 73, the two shafts 74 and the transmission unit 2, the hydraulic motor 6 can be directly disposed at the input end 71 of the speed reducer 7 to avoid connection through a connecting mechanism such as a transmission shaft, and has a simple structure and high reliability. And can reduce costs and reduce space.

In the above exemplary embodiment of the speed reducer 7, the air control unit 1 may include a control air hole 11 provided on the clutch device, and the air supply system transmits the control air hole 11 to the drive unit. Element 2 provides gas pressure. As shown in FIG. 5, after the control air hole 11 passes a certain air pressure, the pressure pressure sliding rod 21 moves to the right, the sliding rod 21 compresses the spring 22, and when the sliding rod 21 moves to the right, the shift fork 23 is moved, and the fork 23 can be operated. The clutch device is closed, and the clutch structure is simple and reliable.

In the above exemplary embodiment of the speed reducer 7, the detecting means 3 provided on the speed reducer 7 may comprise a sensor 31 for detecting a clutch signal of the speed reducer 7 and the hydraulic motor 6, and transmitting the clutch signal to the control system.

In a preferred or alternative embodiment, the detecting device 3 further includes a detecting switch that touches the detecting switch during the movement of the slider 21 to the right, thereby enabling the sensor 31 to trigger the first shaft 73 of the speed reducer 7 and the first The signal of the two-axis 74 engagement is transmitted to the control system. When the air control unit 1 is deflated and the slide lever 21 is moved to the left by the restoring force of the spring 22, the sensor 31 can disengage the first shaft 73 from the second shaft 74. The signal is transmitted to the control system.

In the above exemplary embodiments, the torque amplifying transmission structure inside the speed reducer 7 can adopt a conventional planetary gear structure, that is, a planetary gear structure can be disposed between the input end of the speed reducer 7 and the first shaft 73, which is simple and practical, and reliable. High, the planetary gear structure enables the speed reducer 7 to amplify the torque provided by the hydraulic motor 6.

In each of the above-described exemplary embodiments, the speed reducer 7 is further provided with a vent plug 10, and the gas in the speed reducer 7 can be discharged by opening the vent plug 10.

The speed reducer 7 provided by the present invention amplifies the driving torque provided by the hydraulic motor 6 to the axle 9 , and the method of disconnecting the power transmission between the hydraulic motor 6 and the axle 9 is specifically: the clutch device provided on the speed reducer 7 The first shaft 73 of the speed reducer 7 can be engaged or disengaged from the second shaft 74. When the first shaft 73 of the speed reducer 7 is engaged with the second shaft 74, the detecting device 3 detects the clutch closure and feeds the signal back to the control. The system and the control system are used for adjusting the cooperation between the mechanical control system and the hydraulic control system. After the speed reducer 7 is closed and closed, the transmission shaft connected to the speed reducer 7 is rotated to drive the transmission shaft 8 to rotate, when the speed reducer 7 is When one shaft 73 is disengaged from the second shaft 74, The detecting device 3 detects the clutch disengagement and feeds back the signal to the control system. The control system is used to adjust the mechanical control system. After the clutch 7 is disengaged, the transmission shaft connection tray stops rotating, that is, the speed reducer 7 no longer outputs the rotational torque. The clutching operation of the speed reducer 7 is controlled by the air passage, which improves the reliability of the clutching operation.

The speed reducer 7 provided in each of the above exemplary embodiments can be applied to a hydraulic drive system.

As shown in FIG. 6, an exemplary embodiment of a hydraulic drive system provided by the present invention, in which the hydraulic drive system includes an engine 4, a hydraulic pump 5, a hydraulic motor 6, a speed reducer 7, a connecting shaft, and The axle 9 is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 6. The output of the retarder 7 is connected to the axle 9 via the transmission shaft 8. The hydraulic power in the hydraulic motor 6 is supplied by the hydraulic pump 5, and the hydraulic pressure is provided. The power of the pump 5 is provided by the engine 4.

Further, the input end of the speed reducer 7 is mounted with a hydraulic motor 6 via a hydraulic motor mounting plate, and the output end of the speed reducer 7 is coupled to the drive shaft 8 via a drive shaft connection plate.

The input end of the speed reducer 7 is provided with a hydraulic motor 6, and the output end is connected to the drive shaft 8. The speed reducer 7 can amplify the driving torque provided by the hydraulic motor 6, and the power provided by the hydraulic drive system can be equivalent to the mechanical drive system through torque amplification. The power, in turn, can drive the drive performance of the hydraulic drive system.

Further, the output end of the speed reducer 7 can adopt the international standard transmission shaft connection form, and the standard transmission shaft can be matched with any international common drive axle, and only the transmission shaft connection is needed, and the installation is convenient.

The hydraulic drive system provided by the present invention can be applied to engineering machinery products. The hydraulic drive system can provide an auxiliary driving force for the whole vehicle when the driving ability of the vehicle is insufficient or the power transmission capability is poor, thereby improving the driving performance of the whole vehicle, and better satisfying the poor working condition of the construction machinery or climbing. The power of the slope is needed.

The present invention also provides a dual power drive system including a mechanical drive system, and the hydraulic drive system of any of the above embodiments. Among them, in the hydraulic drive system The speed reducer 7 has a clutch detection function, which can realize selective use of the hydraulic drive system. When the vehicle is driving on the road, only the mechanical drive system is powered, when the road surface is uneven, the road condition is poor, or a large load is carried out for site transfer. When the mountain is wading, the mechanical drive system and the hydraulic drive system can simultaneously drive the whole machine; and the speed reducer 7 can amplify the driving torque provided by the hydraulic motor 6, greatly improving the driving performance of the hydraulic drive system.

The engine 4 that drives the hydraulic pump 5 in the hydraulic drive system can use the same engine on the vehicle, that is, share one engine with the mechanical drive system, or an engine other than the second and the other on the vehicle. When the same engine of the vehicle is used, the torque under the low speed condition of the engine can be fully utilized; when the vehicle has the second and other engines, and does not work while driving, the engine can be used to assist the driving power source. Further, when the second and other engines are used as the hydraulic drive system power source, when the mechanical drive system of the same vehicle fails, the hydraulic drive system can be used to perform the travel control of the vehicle.

The speed reducer provided by the invention has the function of decelerating and increasing the twisting, and can release the torque of the hydraulic motor about several times, and solves the problem that the driving ability of the vehicle is insufficient or the power transmission capability is poor, and the auxiliary driving force is provided for the whole vehicle, thereby improving the whole The driving performance of the car better satisfies the power needs of the construction machinery in poor road conditions or climbing.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the use of the terms "笫一", "第二" and the like to define a component is merely for the purpose of facilitating the distinction between the above components, and if not otherwise stated, the above words are not particularly The meaning is therefore not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that The invention is not limited to the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should be included in the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

A speed reducer comprising: a first shaft (73), a second shaft (74) and a clutch device, the clutch device comprising an air control unit (1) and a transmission unit (2), the transmission unit ( 2) connected to the first shaft (73), the air control unit (1) provides air pressure to drive the transmission unit (2) to reciprocate, thereby enabling the first shaft (73) and the first The two shafts (74) are engaged and disengaged.
A speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein said transmission unit (2) comprises a slide bar (21), and one end of said slide bar (21) is provided with a spring (22), said slide bar (21) The other end is connected to the first shaft (73), and the air control unit (1) provides air pressure to drive the slider (21) to compress the spring (22), enabling the first shaft (73) Engaging with the second shaft (74), the air control unit (1) is deflated, and the slide bar (21) is reset by the restoring force of the spring (22) to enable the first shaft (73) is disengaged from the second shaft (74).
The speed reducer according to claim 2, wherein the slide bar (21) is provided with a shift fork (23), and the slide bar (21) is connected to the first through the shift fork (23) One axis (73).
A speed reducer according to claim 3, wherein said transmission unit (2) further comprises a spline sleeve (24), said spline sleeve (24) being provided with an internal spline structure, said internal spline The structure is engageable with the external spline structure (25) disposed on the first shaft (73) and the second shaft (74), and the shift fork (23) is disposed on the spline sleeve (24) ) in the annular groove.
The reducer according to claim 1, wherein said air control unit (1) comprises a control air hole (11) provided on said clutch device, and said air supply system passes through said control air hole (11) The transmission unit (2) provides air pressure.
A speed reducer according to claim 1, further comprising detecting means (3), said detecting means (3) comprising a sensor (31), said sensor (31) A clutch signal for detecting the first shaft (73) and the second shaft (74) is transmitted and the clutch signal is transmitted to the control system.
The speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the torque amplifying transmission structure inside the speed reducer (7) is a planetary gear structure.
A hydraulic drive system comprising a reducer (7) according to any of claims 1-7.
The hydraulic drive system according to claim 8, wherein the input end (71) of the speed reducer is provided with a hydraulic motor (6), and the first shaft (73) is connected to the input end of the speed reducer ( 71) The second shaft (74) is connected to the output end (72) of the reducer, and the output shaft of the speed reducer (7) is connected to the axle (9).
A dual power drive system comprising a mechanical drive system and a hydraulic drive system according to claim 8 or 9.