WO2017099800A1 - Lunettes à filtres réfléchissants - Google Patents

Lunettes à filtres réfléchissants Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017099800A1
WO2017099800A1 PCT/US2015/065311 US2015065311W WO2017099800A1 WO 2017099800 A1 WO2017099800 A1 WO 2017099800A1 US 2015065311 W US2015065311 W US 2015065311W WO 2017099800 A1 WO2017099800 A1 WO 2017099800A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reflective filter
substrate
eyewear
optical stack
equal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2015/065311
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stephen C. Miller
Brock Scott Mccabe
Ryan Saylor
Carlos D. Reyes
Original Assignee
Oakley, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oakley, Inc. filed Critical Oakley, Inc.
Priority to PCT/US2015/065311 priority Critical patent/WO2017099800A1/fr
Publication of WO2017099800A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017099800A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
    • G02C7/107—Interference colour filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00865—Applying coatings; tinting; colouring
    • B29D11/00923—Applying coatings; tinting; colouring on lens surfaces for colouring or tinting

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates generally to eyewear and to lenses used in eyewear.
  • Eyewear generally includes one or more lenses attached to a frame that positions the lenses on the wearer's head.
  • Lenses can include optical filters that attenuate light in one or more wavelength bands.
  • sunglasses, goggles, and other eyewear designed for use outdoors in daylight typically include a lens that absorbs a significant portion of visible light.
  • a sunglass lens or goggle can have a dark lens body or an absorptive filter that strongly absorbs visible light, thereby significantly decreasing the luminous transmittance of the lens.
  • a sunglass lens can include additional optical elements, such as, for example, a polarization filter, a reflective filter, a polarizer, etc. to achieve desired optical effects.
  • Example embodiments described herein have several features, no single one of which is indispensable or solely responsible for their desirable attributes. Without limiting the scope of the claims, some of the advantageous features will now be summarized.
  • Embodiments disclosed herein include eyewear comprising a substrate and a first reflective filter region and a second reflective region disposed on the substrate.
  • Incident light reflected at an angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate from the first reflective filter region has a first spectral reflectance profile associated with a first reflected color
  • incident light reflected at the angle ⁇ with respect to the normal to the substrate from the second reflective filter region has a second spectral reflectance profile associated with a second reflected color.
  • the first and the second reflected colors can be different from each other.
  • a distance in the CIE L*a*b* color space between the first and the second reflected colors can be greater than or equal to about 2.3 and less than about 255.0.
  • the first and the second reflective filter regions can be disposed on a side of the eyewear that receives ambient incident light.
  • the first and the second reflective filter regions can be disposed on a same side of a substrate.
  • the first and the second reflective filter regions can be disposed on opposite sides of a substrate.
  • the first and the second reflective filter regions can include an optical stack comprising one or no metal layers.
  • the optical stack can comprise a plurality of thin film layers.
  • the optical stack can include a plurality of dielectric layers having different refractive indices and thickness.
  • the plurality of dielectric layers can be alternating layers with high and low refractive index.
  • the optical stack comprising a plurality of thin film layers can include one or no metal layer.
  • the first and the second reflective filter regions can be configured to reflect different colors of light such that an observer viewing a user wearing the eyewear can perceive different colors in different portions of the side of the eyewear facing the observer.
  • the first and the second reflective filter regions can be configured such that a boundary between a first portion comprising the first reflective filter region and a second portion comprising the second reflective filter region is sharp such that an observer viewing the surface of the eyewear that would receive ambient light when worn by a wearer perceives an abrupt change or transition in the color produced by light reflected from the first and the second portions.
  • a width of the boundary between the first and the second filter region can be between 0 and about 5.0 mm.
  • the width of the boundary between the first and the second filter region can be greater than or equal to 0 and greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.1 mm and less than or equal to about 1.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.2 mm and less than or equal to about 1.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.3 mm and less than or equal to about 2.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.4 mm and less than or equal to about 2.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.4 mm and less than or equal to about 3.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.5 mm and less than or equal to about 3.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.6 mm and less than or equal to about 4.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.7 mm and less than or equal to about 4.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.1 mm and less than or equal to about 5.0 mm, or values there between.
  • the eyewear can include a first portion comprising a first reflective filter region and a second portion comprising a second reflective filter region, the first and the second reflective filter regions configured such that the color produced by ambient light reflected from the first and the second portions does not vary gradually across the surface of the wearer.
  • the reflectance of the first reflective filter region measured along a normal to a measurement region of the first reflective filter region can be uniform such that the first reflected color is uniform and does not vary across the first reflective filter region.
  • the reflectance of the second reflective filter region measured along a normal to a measurement region of the second reflective filter region can be uniform such that the second reflected color is uniform and does not vary across the second reflective filter region.
  • Various embodiments of the eyewear can be configured to be at least semi-rimless.
  • the first or the second reflective filter region can be disposed in the portion of the eyewear that would be disposed around the eyeball of the wearer (e.g., the portion of the eyewear that would be over the eyebrows or across the nasal bridge of the wearer) and be configured to give the perception of a rim.
  • the first or the second reflective filter region can provide aesthetic and/or manufacturing benefits.
  • Various embodiments of the eyewear can include an absorptive filter that attenuates light transmitted through the eyewear towards the wearer of the eyewear.
  • the absorptive filter can have an absorbance peak.
  • the absorptive filter can include an organic dye (e.g., a chroma-enhancement dye).
  • the absorptive filter can be configured such that the side of the eyewear opposite the side on which the reflective filters are disposed can appear to have third color. In various embodiments, the third color can be different from the first and the second reflected colors.
  • the absorptive filter can be configured to substantially increase the colorfulness, clarity, and/or vividness of a scene viewed through the eyewear.
  • the absorptive filter can allow the wearer of the eyewear to view a scene with improved dynamic visual acuity.
  • the first and the second reflective filter regions and the absorptive filter can be configured such that a wearer wearing the eyewear perceives only the third color when viewing a scene through the eyewear and does not perceive the first and the second reflected colors. Accordingly, the transmittance profile of the first and the second reflective filter regions can be substantially equal at all wavelengths in the visible spectral range between about 400 nm and about 700 nm.
  • a difference in the transmittance profile of the first and the second reflective filter regions at any wavelength in the visible spectral range between about 400 nm and about 700 nm can be less than or equal to 20% (e.g., less than or equal to 1%, less than or equal to 5%, less than or equal to 10%, less than or equal to 15%, etc.) such that the wearer viewing the scene through the eyewear perceives little to no difference in the amount of light transmitted through the first and the second reflective filter regions.
  • the transmittance through the first reflective filter region can be associated with a first luminous transmittance and the transmittance through the second reflective filter region can be associated with a second luminous transmittance.
  • luminous transmittance can be measured with respect to a standard daylight illuminant, such as CIE illuminant D65 according to a technique defined in section 5.6.1 the ANSI Z80.3-2009 specification for nonprescription sunglass and fashion eyewear requirements.
  • the first and the second filter regions can be configured such that a difference in the first and the second luminous transmittance can be less than or equal to ⁇ 1%, less than or equal to ⁇ 2%, less than or equal to ⁇ 3%, less than or equal to ⁇ 4%, less than or equal to ⁇ 5%, less than or equal to ⁇ 7%, less than or equal to ⁇ 10%, less than or equal to ⁇ 15%, or values there between.
  • the second luminous transmittance can be within about 20% of the first luminous transmittance.
  • the first reflective filter region can be associated with a first transmitted color, which results from light transmitted through the first reflective filter region and the portions of the unitary lens including the first reflective filter region.
  • the second reflective filter region can be associated with a second transmitted color, which results from light transmitted through the second reflective filter region and the portions of the unitary lens including the second reflective filter region.
  • the first and the second filter regions can be configured such that a distance (A£ * b or AF) in the CIE L*a*b* color space between the first and the second transmitted colors can be less than or equal to 30.
  • a distance (A£ * b or AF) in the CIE L*a*b* color space between the first and the second transmitted colors can be less than or equal to 2.3, less than or equal to 5, less than or real to 7, less than or equal to 10, less than or equal to 12, less than or equal to 15, less than or equal to 20 or less than or equal to 25 or values there between.
  • a distance ⁇ £ * & between the first transmitted color and the second transmitted color in the CIE L*a*b* color space can be less than or equal to about 10% of the distance A£ * b between the first reflected color and the second reflected color.
  • Various embodiments of the eyewear can include one or more functional components, such as, for example, layers, coatings, or laminates.
  • functional components include color enhancement filters, chroma enhancement filters, a laser attenuation filter, electrochromic filters, photoelectrochromic filters, variable attenuation filters, anti-reflection coatings, interference stacks, hard coatings, flash mirrors, anti-static coatings, anti-fog coatings, other functional layers, or a combination of functional layers.
  • the substrate over which the first and the second reflective filter regions are disposed can be laminates.
  • a hard coat can be disposed over the first and the second filter regions.
  • a laminate can be disposed over the first and the second filter regions.
  • a hard coat can be disposed between the substrate and the first and the second filter regions.
  • a hydrophobic coating or an oleo phobic coating can be disposed over the first and the second reflective filter regions.
  • the unitary lens comprises a substrate and a coated region disposed on the substrate.
  • the coated region includes a first optical stack and a second optical stack, the first optical stack being closer to the substrate than the second optical stack.
  • the second optical stack consists of one or more materials having a finite dielectric constant.
  • the coated region comprises a first reflective filter area comprising the first optical stack and the second optical stack.
  • the second optical stack is disposed over the first optical stack. Light reflected from the first reflective filter area at an angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a first spectral reflectance profile associated with a first reflected color.
  • the coated region also comprises a second reflective filter area comprising the first optical stack, wherein light reflected from the second reflective filter area at an angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a second spectral reflectance profile associated with a second reflected color.
  • the second reflective filter area does not comprise the second optical stack.
  • the substrate can also include an absorptive filter.
  • the absorptive filter can comprise a dye (e.g., an organic dye, a chroma-enchancement dye, etc.).
  • the first and the second reflective filter areas can be configured such that a distance between the first reflected color and the second reflected color in the CIE L*a*b* color space can be between about 9.0 and about 138.
  • the distance between the first reflected color and the second reflected color is greater than or equal to about 9.0, greater than or equal to about 18, greater than or equal to about 20, greater than or equal to about 30, and/or less than or equal to about 138.
  • the first and the second reflective filter areas can be configured such that a transmittance profile of light transmitted through the first reflective filter area is approximately equal to a transmittance profile of light transmitted through the second reflective filter area.
  • the first and the second reflective filter areas can be configured such that a difference in the luminous transmittance of the first reflective filter area and the luminous transmittance of the second reflective filter area is less than or equal to about 35% (e.g., less than or equal to 1%, less than or equal to 2%, less than or equal to 3%, less than or equal to 4%, less than or equal to 5%, less than or equal to 10%, less than or equal to 15%, less than or equal to 20%, less than or equal to 25%, less than or equal to 30%).
  • the first and the second reflective filter areas can be configured such that the luminous transmittance of the first (or the second) filter area is within 20% of the luminous transmittance of the second (or the first) filter area.
  • the unitary lens comprises a substrate having an anterior surface configured to receive incident ambient light and a posterior surface configured to transmit incident ambient light through the substrate.
  • the substrate comprises a first reflective filter region comprising a first optical stack disposed on a first portion of the anterior or posterior surface of the substrate; a second reflective filter region comprising a second optical stack disposed on a second portion of the anterior or posterior surface of the substrate and an absorptive optical filter.
  • Incident ambient light reflected from the first reflective filter region at an angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a first spectral reflectance profile associated with a first reflected color.
  • Incident ambient light reflected from the second reflective filter region at the angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a second spectral reflectance profile associated with a second reflected color.
  • a first transmittance profile of a first section of the unitary lens bounded by the first reflective filter region and a second transmittance profile of a second section of the unitary lens bounded by the second reflective filter region are configured such that a viewer viewing ambient light through the posterior surface of the substrate does not perceive a substantial difference in the light transmitted through the first section and the second section.
  • the absorptive filter can comprise a dye (e.g., an organic dye or a chroma-enhancement dye).
  • a "substantial difference in the light transmitted" is defined as a distance AE a * b between a first color and a second color of greater than 20 or a difference in luminous transmittance of greater than 10% measured with respect to CIE Illuminant D 65 .
  • the unitary lens comprises a substrate; and a coated region disposed on the substrate.
  • the coated region includes a first optical stack and a second optical stack.
  • the first optical stack is closer to the substrate than the second optical stack.
  • the coated region further comprises a first reflective filter area comprising the first optical stack and the second optical stack. Light reflected from the first reflective filter area at an angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a first spectral reflectance profile associated with a first reflected color.
  • the coated region further comprises a second reflective filter area comprising the first optical stack.
  • the second reflective filter area does not comprise the second optical stack.
  • the second optical stack is disposed over the first optical stack in the first reflective filter area and the second optical stack consists of one or more materials, each of the one or more materials having a finite dielectric constant.
  • the unitary lens comprises a substrate having an anterior surface configured to receive incident ambient light and a posterior surface configured to transmit incident ambient light through the substrate.
  • the substrate further comprises a first reflective filter region comprising a first optical stack disposed on a first portion of the anterior or posterior surface of the substrate; a second reflective filter region comprising a second optical stack disposed on a second portion of the anterior or posterior surface of the substrate; and an absorptive optical filter.
  • Incident ambient light reflected from the first reflective filter region at an angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a first spectral reflectance profile associated with a first reflected color.
  • Incident ambient light reflected from the second reflective filter region at the angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a second spectral reflectance profile associated with a second reflected color.
  • a first transmittance profile of a first section of the unitary lens bounded by the first reflective filter region and a second transmittance profile of a second section of the unitary lens bounded by the second reflective filter region are configured such that a distance AE a * b in the CIE L*a*b* color space between a first transmitted color associated with the first transmittance profile and a second transmitted color associated with the second transmittance profile is less than or equal to about 20.
  • the unitary lens comprises a substrate having an anterior surface configured to receive incident ambient light and a posterior surface configured to transmit incident ambient light through the substrate.
  • the substrate comprises a first reflective filter region comprising a first optical stack disposed on a first portion of the anterior surface of the substrate; a second reflective filter region comprising a second optical stack disposed on a second portion of the anterior or posterior surface of the substrate; and an absorptive optical filter.
  • Incident ambient light reflected from the first reflective filter region at an angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a first spectral reflectance profile associated with a first reflected color.
  • Incident ambient light reflected from the second reflective filter region at the angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a second spectral reflectance profile associated with a second reflected color.
  • a first transmittance profile of a first section of the unitary lens bounded by the first reflective filter region and a second transmittance profile of a second section of the unitary lens bounded by the second reflective filter region are configured such that a difference in luminous transmittance between the first transmittance profile and the second transmittance profile is less than or equal to 35% (e.g., less than or equal to 1%, less than or equal to 2%, less than or equal to 5%, less than or equal to 10%, less than or equal to 15%, less than or equal to 20%, less than or equal to 25%, less than or equal to 30%) when measured with respect to CIE Illuminant D65.
  • the unitary lens comprises a substrate having an anterior surface configured to receive incident ambient light and a posterior surface configured to transmit incident ambient light through the substrate.
  • the substrate comprises a first reflective filter region comprising a first optical stack disposed on a first portion of the anterior surface of the substrate; a second reflective filter region comprising a second optical stack disposed on a second portion of the anterior or posterior surface of the substrate; and an absorptive optical filter.
  • Incident ambient light reflected from the first reflective filter region at an angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a first spectral reflectance profile associated with a first reflected color.
  • Incident ambient light reflected from the second reflective filter region at the angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a second spectral reflectance profile associated with a second reflected color.
  • the unitary lens comprises an ocular portion corresponding with an eye of a wearer of the eyewear and a non-ocular portion at least partially surrounding the ocular portion and away from a line of sight of the eye.
  • the ocular portion comprises the first reflective filter region
  • the non-ocular portion comprises the second reflective filter region.
  • One innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a method of manufacturing a lens for eyewear, the lens comprising a substrate.
  • the method comprises disposing a first coating over the substrate, the first coating comprising a first optical stack.
  • the method further comprises masking a portion of the first coating to obtain a masked portion and an unmasked portion of the first coating; depositing a second coating over the substrate such that the second coating is disposed over the unmasked portion of the first coating and is not disposed over the masked portion of the first coating.
  • the second coating comprises a second optical stack including a plurality of layers. Each layer of the second coating has a finite dielectric constant.
  • the unmasked portion comprising the first coating and the second coating forms a first reflective filter region and the masked portion comprising the first coating forms a second reflective filter region, the first and the second reflective filter regions being spatially separated by a distance between 0 mm and about 5.0 mm.
  • the second coating is configured such that light reflected from the first reflective filter region at an angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a first reflection spectrum associated with a first reflected color.
  • the first coating is configured such that light reflected from the second reflective filter region at the angle ⁇ with respect to the normal to the lens body has a second reflection spectrum associated with a second reflected color.
  • a method of manufacturing a lens for eyewear comprising a substrate.
  • the method comprises disposing a coating over the substrate, wherein the coating comprises an optical stack.
  • the coated substrate comprises a first coated region and a second coated region.
  • the method further comprises masking the first coated region of the substrate to obtain a masked portion corresponding to the first coated region and an unmasked portion corresponding to the second coated region.
  • the method further comprises etching the unmasked portion to reduce a thickness of the second coated region to a desired thickness.
  • the first coated region forms a first reflective filter region and the second coated region forms a second reflective filter region.
  • the first and the second reflective filter regions can be spatially separated by a distance between 0 mm and about 5.0 mm.
  • the first coated region in the first reflective filter region is configured such that light reflected from the first reflective filter region at an angle ⁇ with respect to the normal to the substrate has a first reflection spectrum associated with a first reflected color.
  • the second coated region is configured such that light reflected from the second reflective filter region at the angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a second reflection spectrum associated with a second reflected color.
  • the unitary lens comprises a substrate having an anterior surface configured to receive incident ambient light and a posterior surface configured to transmit incident ambient light through the substrate.
  • the substrate comprises a first reflective filter region comprising a first optical stack disposed on a first portion of the anterior surface of the substrate; and a second reflective filter region comprising a second optical stack disposed on a second portion of the anterior or posterior surface of the substrate.
  • Incident ambient light reflected from the first reflective filter region at an angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a first spectral reflectance profile associated with a first reflected color.
  • Incident ambient light reflected from the second reflective filter region at the angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a second spectral reflectance profile associated with a second reflected color.
  • a first transmittance profile of a first section of the unitary lens bounded by the first reflective filter region and a second transmittance profile of a second section of the unitary lens bounded by the second reflective filter region are configured such that a difference in luminous transmittance between the first transmittance profile and the second transmittance profile is less than or equal to 35% (e.g., less than or equal to 10%, less than or equal to 5%, less than or equal to 4%, less than or equal to 3%, less than or equal to 2%, less than or equal to 1%) when measured with respect to CIE Illuminant D65.
  • FIG. 1 Another innovative aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein can be implemented in a method of manufacturing a lens for eyewear, the lens comprising a substrate.
  • the method comprises masking a first portion of the substrate using a first mask while leaving a second portion of the substrate unmasked; disposing a first coating over the second portion; masking the second portion of the substrate comprising the first coating while leaving the first portion unmasked; and disposing a second coating over unmasked first portion of the substrate.
  • the first portion comprising the second coating forms a first reflective filter region and the second portion comprising the first coating forms a second reflective filter region.
  • the first and the second reflective filter regions can be spatially separated by a distance between 0 mm and about 5.0 mm.
  • the second coating is configured such that light reflected from the first reflective filter region at an angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a first reflection spectrum associated with a first reflected color.
  • the first coating is configured such that light reflected from the second reflective filter region at the angle ⁇ with respect to the normal to the lens body has a second reflection spectrum associated with a second reflected color.
  • a first transmittance profile of a first section of the lens including the first reflective filter region and a second transmittance profile of a second section of the lens including the second reflective filter region are configured such that a difference in luminous transmittance between the first transmittance profile and the second transmittance profile is less than or equal to 35% when measured with respect to CIE Illuminant D65.
  • Fig. 1A illustrates an embodiment of eyewear 100 comprising a lens 101 having a first reflective filter region 105 and a second reflective filter region 110.
  • Fig. IB is a cross-sectional view of the lens 101 depicted in Fig. 1 A along the axis A-A.
  • Fig. 1C illustrates a beam of light incident on a multi-layer optical stack that is reflected from interfaces between the various layers.
  • Fig. ID illustrates an embodiment of an optical stack 120 that is included in the first reflective filter region 105
  • Fig. IE illustrates an embodiment of an optical stack 125 that is included in the second reflective filter region 110.
  • Fig. 2A illustrates a processing technique 200 of fabricating two reflective filter areas on a substrate by additively depositing with dual masking.
  • Fig. 2B is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method 250 based on a processing technique similar to the technique 200 illustrated in Fig. 2A.
  • Fig. 3A illustrates a processing technique 300 of fabricating two reflective filter areas on a substrate by additively depositing with single masking.
  • Fig. 3B is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method 350 based on a processing technique similar to the technique 300 illustrated in Fig. 3A.
  • Fig. 4A illustrates a processing technique 400 of fabricating two reflective filter areas on a substrate by subtractive fabrication with single masking.
  • Fig. 4B is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method 450 based on a processing technique similar to the technique 400 illustrated in Fig. 4A.
  • Fig. 5A illustrates a processing technique 500 of fabricating a reflective filter area on each side of the substrate by subtractive fabrication with single masking.
  • Fig. 5B is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method 550 based on a processing technique similar to the technique 500 illustrated in Fig. 5A.
  • Fig. 6A is the spectral reflectance profile for an embodiment of the lens 101 comprising a first reflective filter region 105 configured to reflect a portion of the ambient light reflected at an angle ⁇ such that it appears violet to a viewer viewing the lens 101 and a second reflective filter region 110 configured to reflect a portion of the ambient light reflected at the angle ⁇ such that it appears orange to a viewer viewing the lens 101 manufactured by the first (additively depositing with dual masking) method.
  • Fig. 6B is the transmittance profile for the same embodiment of the lens 101 manufactured by the first method and Fig.
  • 6C is the CIE xy chromaticity diagram showing the reflectance chromaticity of the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110.
  • the CIE xy chromaticity diagram expresses chromaticity in terms of tri-stimulus values x and y.
  • Fig. 7 A is the spectral reflectance profile for an embodiment of the lens 101 comprising a first reflective filter region 105 configured to reflect a portion of the ambient light reflected at an angle ⁇ such that it appears orange to a viewer viewing the lens 101 and a second reflective filter region 110 configured to reflect a portion of the ambient light reflected at the angle ⁇ such that it appears chrome like to a viewer viewing the lens 101 manufactured by the second (additively depositing with single masking) method.
  • Fig. 7B is the transmittance profile for the same embodiment of the lens 101 manufactured by the second method
  • Fig. 7C is the CIE xy chromaticity diagram showing the reflectance chromaticity of the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110.
  • Fig. 8A is the spectral reflectance profile for an embodiment of the lens 101 comprising a first reflective filter region 105 configured to reflect a portion of the ambient light reflected at an angle ⁇ such that it appears orange to a viewer viewing the lens 101 and a second reflective filter region 110 configured to reflect a portion of the ambient light reflected at the angle ⁇ such that it appears chrome like to a viewer viewing the lens 101 manufactured by the third (subtractive fabrication with single masking) method.
  • Fig. 8B is the transmittance profile for the same embodiment of the lens 101 manufactured by the second method
  • Fig. 8C is the CIE xy chromaticity diagram showing the reflectance chromaticity of the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110.
  • Sunglasses provide protection from bright sunlight and high-energy visible light that can be damaging or discomforting to the eyes.
  • Sunglasses can include filters (e.g., absorptive or reflective filters) that can control the spectral properties of light transmitted through and reflected from the sunglasses to enhance the visual experience of a viewer viewing the scene through the sunglasses and/or improve the aesthetic appearance of the sunglasses.
  • sunglasses can include one or more optical layers disposed on suitable substrates that can reflect light towards an observer on the side of the incident light such that the sunglasses appear to have a colored metallic appearance.
  • Various embodiments disclosed herein include eyewear (e.g., sunglasses or goggles) comprising two or more reflective filter regions.
  • Each of the two or more reflective filter regions can comprise an optical stack that has a spectral reflectance profile associated with a reflected color.
  • the spectral reflectance profile of each the two or more reflective filter regions can be configured such that an observer viewing the side of the eyewear comprising the two or more reflective filter regions perceives two or more distinct regions, each of the two or more distinct region having a different color.
  • the two or more reflective filter regions can have substantially similar transmittance profiles such that a person wearing the sunglasses does not perceive the distinct colors that the observer on the other side sees nor does the person wearing the sunglasses perceive a variation in the transmittance of light transmitted through the two or more reflective filter regions.
  • the optical stack in each of the two or more reflective filter regions are configured to achieve a high perceptual color difference in light reflected from the each of the two or more reflective filter regions while reducing the number of layers and the complexity of the optical stacks.
  • the vividness of interpreted colors is correlated with an attribute known as the chroma value of a color.
  • the chroma value is one of the attributes or coordinates of the CIE L*C*h* color space. Together with attributes known as hue and lightness, the chroma can be used to define colors that are perceivable in human vision. It has been determined that visual acuity can be positively correlated with the chroma values of colors in a scene. In other words, the visual acuity of an observer can be greater when viewing a scene with high chroma value colors than when viewing the same scene with lower chroma value colors.
  • Various embodiments of eyewear disclosed herein can include one or more absorptive optical filters that can enhance the chroma profile of a scene when the scene is viewed through the eyewear.
  • the one or more absorptive optical filters can be configured to remove the outer portions of a broad visual stimulus to make colors appear more vivid as perceived in human vision.
  • the outer portions of a broad visual stimulus refer to wavelengths that, when substantially, nearly completely, or completely attenuated, decrease the bandwidth of the stimulus such that the vividness of the perceived color is increased.
  • an absorptive optical filter for eyewear can be configured to substantially increase the colorfulness, clarity, and/or vividness of a scene.
  • Such an absorptive optical filter for eyewear can allow the wearer to view the scene in high definition color (HD color).
  • portions of a visual stimulus that are not substantially attenuated include at least the wavelengths for which cone photoreceptor cells in the human eye have the greatest sensitivity.
  • the bandwidth of the color stimulus when the optical filter is applied includes at least the wavelengths for which the cone photoreceptor cells have the greatest sensitivity.
  • a person wearing a lens incorporating an absorptive optical filter disclosed herein can perceive a substantial increase in the clarity of a scene. The increase in perceived clarity can result, for example, from increased contrast, increased chroma, or a combination of factors.
  • the one or more absorptive optical filters can be configured to increase or decrease chroma in one or more chroma enhancement windows in order to achieve any desired effect.
  • the chroma-enhancing absorptive optical filter can be configured to preferentially transmit or attenuate light in any desired chroma enhancement windows. Any suitable process can be used to determine the desired chroma enhancement windows. For example, the colors predominantly reflected or emitted in a selected environment can be measured, and an absorptive filter can be adapted to provide chroma enhancement in one or more spectral regions corresponding to the colors that are predominantly reflected or emitted.
  • the ability to identify and discern moving objects is generally called "Dynamic Visual Acuity.”
  • dynamic visual acuity can decrease in the darkened state of various embodiments of lenses.
  • An increase in chroma (or chroma enhancement) in the spectral region of the moving object can improve the dynamic visual acuity because increases in chroma can be generally associated with higher color contrast.
  • the emphasis and de-emphasis of specific colors can further improve dynamic visual acuity.
  • the one or more absorptive optical filters that can enhance chroma as described above can be included in eyewear that includes the two or more reflective filter regions including one or more optical stacks discussed above.
  • Fig. 1A illustrates an embodiment of eyewear 100 comprising a lens 101 having a first reflective filter region 105 and a second reflective filter region 110.
  • the first reflective filter region 105 comprises a second optical stack 120 disposed over a first optical stack 125.
  • the second reflective filter region 110 comprises only the first optical stack 125.
  • the second reflective filter region 110 does not comprise the second optical stack 120.
  • Fig. IB is a cross-sectional view of the lens 101 depicted in Fig. 1A along the axis A- A'.
  • the lens 101 includes a substrate 102 comprising an absorptive optical filter 103.
  • the substrate 102 includes an anterior surface 104a that faces the surrounding and which receives incident ambient light when a wearer is wearing the eyewear 100 and a posterior surface 104b opposite the anterior surface 104a that faces the eyes of the wearer wearing the eyewear 100 through which incident ambient light exits the eyewear 100.
  • the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110 are disposed on the anterior surface 104a of the substrate 102.
  • the first reflective filter region 105 is disposed on the same side of the substrate 102 and/or laterally adjacent to the second reflective filter region 110.
  • the substrate 102 can be a laminate.
  • the substrate 102 can include a laminate having a thickness greater than or equal to about 0.003 inches.
  • the thickness of the substrate 102 can be greater than a coherence length of light in the visible spectrum.
  • the thickness of the substrate can be greater than or equal to two to three times the wavelength of light in the visible spectrum.
  • the first and/or the second reflective filter regions 105 and 1 10 can be encapsulated in another optical medium.
  • a hard coat can be disposed over the first and/or the second reflective filter regions 105 and 1 10.
  • a laminate can be disposed over the first and/or the second reflective filter regions 105 and 1 10.
  • a hard coat can be disposed between the substrate and the first and/or the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110.
  • a hydrophobic coating or an oleo phobic coating can be disposed over the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110.
  • the first or the second reflective filter region 105 or 110 can be disposed on one side of a laminate or the substrate 102 (e.g., the anterior surface 104a) and the other of the first or the second reflective filter regions 105 or 110 can be disposed on the other side of the laminate or the substrate 102 (e.g., the posterior surface 104b).
  • Embodiments of eyewear including laminates are disclosed in International Application No. PCT/US2015/053206 (Atty. Docket No. LUXSR.758WO), the entire contents of which is incorporated by reference herein and made a part of this specification.
  • the lens 101 can be a unitary lens as illustrated in Fig. 1A or can include a pair of lenses.
  • a "unitary lens” is used in its broad and ordinary sense and encompasses, for example, an integrated lens, but excludes any lens insert that may be connected to the integrated lens.
  • Various embodiments of eyewear 100 disclosed herein can include two or more unitary lenses.
  • one unitary lens can be disposed over one eye and another unitary lens can be disposed over the other eye.
  • various embodiments of eyewear 100 disclosed herein can include a single unitary lens that is disposed over both of the eyes.
  • Various embodiments of unitary lenses disclosed herein can be integrated with an insert.
  • the unitary lens does not comprise the insert.
  • the lens 101 can comprise a first ocular portion 107a corresponding to a wearer's first eye and a second ocular portion 107b corresponding to the wearer's second eye.
  • the first ocular portion 107a is disposed on a first side a longitudinal axis B- B' passing through a geometric center of the eyewear 100 and the second ocular portion 107b can be disposed on the other side of the longitudinal axis B-B'.
  • the lens 101 can have lateral symmetry about the longitudinal axis B-B'.
  • the first and the second ocular portions may have the same area and may be disposed symmetrically about the longitudinal axis B-B'. In some other embodiments, the first and the second ocular portion 107a and 107b may be unequal in area and/or may not be disposed symmetrically about the longitudinal axis B-B'.
  • the first and the second ocular portions 107a and 107b may have a variety of shapes including but not limited to circular, oval, triangular, square or rectangular.
  • the first and the second ocular portions 107a and 107b can correspond to the portions of the lens 101 through which a wearer wearing the eyewear 100 would view the surrounding view. Accordingly, the areas of the first and the second ocular portions 107a and 107b correspond to the horizontal and vertical field of view of a wearer wearing the eyewear 100.
  • the lens 101 can further comprise a non-ocular portion 109 at least partially surrounding the first and the second ocular portions 107a and 107b.
  • the non-ocular portion 109 can at least surround a majority of the perimeter of the ocular portions 107a and 107b.
  • the non-ocular portion 109 is depicted as being continuous in Fig.
  • the longitudinal axis B-B' can be considered to divide the non-ocular portion 109 into a first non-ocular portion 109a that is disposed adjacent to the first ocular portion 107a and surrounding the first ocular portion 107a and a second non- ocular portion 109b that is disposed adjacent to the second ocular portion 107b and surrounding the second ocular portion 107b.
  • the non-ocular portion 109 of the eyewear 100 corresponds to the portions of the lens 101 through which a wearer wearing the eyewear 100 would not normally view the surrounding view. Accordingly, the non-ocular portion 109 of the eyewear 100 can be outside the horizontal and vertical field of view of a wearer wearing the eyewear 100.
  • the non-ocular portion 109 can surround at least a majority of the perimeter of the first and the second ocular portions 107a and 107b.
  • the non-ocular portion 109 can correspond to regions of the lens 101 over which the rims of a frame of the eyewear 100 would be disposed.
  • the non-ocular portion 109 can be a cosmetic extension of the frame of the eyewear 100.
  • the frame can be rimless or at least semi rimless.
  • the non-ocular portion 109 can be disposed in regions of the lens 101 so as to give a perception of the rims of the lens 101.
  • the non-ocular portion 109 can be disposed in the portions of the lens 101 that would be disposed over the eyebrows or the nose bridge or the temporal regions of the wearers face.
  • the portions of the lens 101 that are disposed towards the eyebrows or surrounding the orbits of the eyes of the wearer can be configured to reflect a color that is different from the color reflected by portions of the lens 101 that are disposed over the eyeballs of the wearer.
  • the color reflected from the upper portions of the lens 101 (corresponding to regions of the lens 101 that would be disposed over the eyebrow region of a wearer) can be different from the lower portions of the lens 101 (corresponding to regions of the lens 101 that would be disposed over the eyeballs of the wearer).
  • the first and the second ocular portions 107a and 107b can include the first and the second optical stacks 120 and 125 that are included in the first reflective filter region 105 and the first and the second non-ocular portion 109a and 109b can include the first optical stack 125 that is included in the second reflective filter region 1 10.
  • the first and the second non-ocular portions 109a and 109b do not include the second optical stack 120 and thus can be considered to be devoid of the second optical stack 120.
  • the first and the second ocular portions 107a and 107b can include the second reflective filter region 110 and the first and the second non-ocular portion 109a and 109b can include the first reflective filter region 105.
  • the eyewear 100 can comprise a frame including ear stems and nose clips that can be attached to the unitary lens body 101 at one or more of the attachment locations 1 15a, 115b, 1 15c or 1 15d.
  • an ear stem can be attached to the lens 101 at attachment locations 115a and 115b and a second ear stem can be attached on the other side of the lens 101 at locations corresponding to 115a and 1 15b.
  • ear stems are described in U. S. Patent No. 8,262,219, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference herein and made a part of this specification.
  • one or more nose clips can be attached at locations 115c and 115d.
  • the frame can be at least semi rimless or at least partially devoid of rims that at least partially surround the lens body 101.
  • the non-ocular portion 109 can be disposed along the portion of the lens 101 where the rims of a frame would be located - if the frame comprised such rims - to provide the appearance of the rims.
  • Such embodiments of eyewear comprising frames that are at least partially rimless can be lightweight and/or less expensive to manufacture than embodiments of eyewear comprising frames with rims.
  • Various features discussed above can also be embodied in eyewear comprising a frame including a rim (or two rims), ear stems and nose clips that are attached to the lens 101.
  • Various materials can be utilized to manufacture the frame, such as metals, composites, or relatively rigid, molded thermoplastic materials, etc.
  • the materials used to manufacture the frame can be transparent, opaque, or transmissive.
  • the frame can be manufactured in a variety of colors. Indeed, the frame can be fabricated according to various configurations and designs as desired.
  • the ear stems can be pivotably attached to the lens 101.
  • the ear stems can be configured to support the eyewear 100 when worn by a user.
  • the ear stems can be configured to rest on the ears of the user.
  • the eyewear 100 can include a flexible band used to secure the eyewear 100 in front of the user's eyes in place of ear stems.
  • the eyewear 100 can be of any type, including general-purpose eyewear, special-purpose eyewear, sunglasses, driving glasses, sporting glasses, goggles, indoor eyewear, outdoor eyewear, vision-correcting eyewear, contrast-enhancing eyewear, eyewear designed for another purpose, or eyewear designed for a combination of purposes.
  • the lens 101 can have optical power to provide refractive or cylindrical correction or be non-corrective.
  • the lens 101 can be made of any of a variety of optical materials including glass and/or plastics, such as, for example, acrylics or polycarbonates.
  • the lens 101 can have various shapes.
  • the lens 101 can be flat, have 1 axis of curvature, 2 axes of curvature, or more than 2 axes of curvature, the lens 101 can be cylindrical, parabolic, spherical, flat, or elliptical, or any other shape such as a meniscus or catenoid.
  • the lens 101 can extend across the wearer's normal straight ahead line of sight, and can extend substantially across the wearer's peripheral zones of vision.
  • the wearer's normal line of sight shall refer to a line projecting straight ahead of the wearer's eye, with substantially no angular deviation in either the vertical or horizontal planes.
  • the lens 101 can extend across a portion of the wearer's normal straight ahead line of sight.
  • the outside surface of the lens 101 can conform to a shape having a smooth, continuous surface having a constant horizontal radius (sphere or cylinder) or progressive curve (ellipse, toroid or ovoid) or other aspheric shape in either the horizontal or vertical planes.
  • the geometric shape of other embodiments can be generally cylindrical, having curvature in one axis and no curvature in a second axis.
  • the lens 101 can have a curvature in one or more dimensions.
  • the lens 101 can be curved along a horizontal axis.
  • the lens 101 can be characterized in a horizontal plane by a generally arcuate shape, extending from a medial edge throughout at least a portion of the wearer's range of vision to a lateral edge.
  • the lens 101 can be substantially linear (not curved) along a vertical axis.
  • the lens 101 can have a first radius of curvature in one region, a second radius of curvature in a second region, and transition sites disposed on either side of the first and second regions.
  • the transition sites can be a coincidence point along the lens 101 where the radius of curvature of the lens 101 transitions from the first to the second radius of curvature, and vice versa.
  • the lens 101 can have a third radius of curvature in a parallel direction, a perpendicular direction, or some other direction.
  • the lens 101 can lie on a common circle.
  • the right and left lenses in a high-wrap eyeglass can be canted such that the medial edge of each lens will fall outside of the common circle and the lateral edges will fall inside of the common circle.
  • Providing curvature in the lens 101 can result in various advantageous optical qualities for the wearer, including reducing the prismatic shift of light rays passing through the lens 101 and providing an optical correction.
  • either the outer or the inner or both surfaces of the lens 101 of some embodiments can generally conform to a spherical shape or to a right circular cylinder.
  • either the outer or the inner or both surfaces of the lens may conform to a frusto-conical shape, a toroid, an elliptic cylinder, an ellipsoid, an ellipsoid of revolution, other asphere or any of a number of other three dimensional shapes.
  • the other surface may be chosen such as to minimize one or more of power, prism, and astigmatism of the lens in the mounted and as-worn orientation.
  • the lens 101 has an anterior surface facing the environment that is configured to receive ambient incident light and a posterior surface facing the wearer of the eyewear 100 through which incident lights exits the eyewear and a thickness there between.
  • the posterior surface and/or the anterior surface of the lens 101 can be curved (e.g., convex or concave). In some embodiments, the posterior surface and/or the anterior surface of the lens 101 can be planar.
  • the thickness of the lens 101 can be uniform along the horizontal direction, vertical direction, or combination of directions. In some other embodiments, the thickness of the lens 101 can be variable along the horizontal direction, vertical direction, or combination of directions.
  • the thickness of the lens 101 can taper smoothly, though not necessarily linearly, from a maximum thickness proximate a medial edge to a relatively lesser thickness at a lateral edge.
  • the lens 101 can have a tapering thickness along the horizontal axis and can be decentered for optical correction.
  • the lens 101 can have a thickness configured to provide an optical correction.
  • the thickness of the lens 101 can taper from a thickest point at a central point of the lens 101 approaching lateral segments of the lens 101.
  • the average thickness of the lens 101 in the lateral segments can be less than the average thickness of the lens 101 in the central zone.
  • the thickness of the lens 101 in at least one point in the central zone can be greater than the thickness of the lens 101 at any point within at least one of the lateral segments.
  • the lens 101 can be linear (not curved) along a vertical plane (e.g. , cylindrical or frusto-conical lens geometry).
  • the lens 101 can be aligned substantially parallel with the vertical axis such that the line of sight is substantially normal to the anterior surface and the posterior surface of the lens 101.
  • the lens 101 is angled downward such that a line normal to the lens is offset from the straight ahead normal line of sight by an angle ⁇ .
  • the angle ⁇ of offset can be greater than about 0° and/or less than about 30°, or greater than about 70° and/or less than about 20°, or about 15°, although other angles ⁇ outside of these ranges may also be used.
  • Various cylindrically shaped lenses may be used.
  • the anterior surface and/or the posterior surface of the lens 101 can conform to the surface of a right circular cylinder such that the radius of curvature along the horizontal axis is substantially uniform.
  • An elliptical cylinder can be used to provide lenses that have non-uniform curvature in the horizontal direction.
  • a lens may be more curved near its lateral edge than its medial edge.
  • an oblique (non-right) cylinder can be used, for example, to provide a lens that is angled in the vertical direction.
  • the lens 101 can be a canted lens mounted in a position rotated laterally relative to conventional centrally oriented dual lens mountings.
  • a canted lens may be conceived as having an orientation, relative to the wearer's head, which would be achieved by starting with conventional dual lens eyewear having centrally oriented lenses and bending the frame inwardly at the temples to wrap around the side of the head.
  • a lateral edge of the lens wraps significantly around and comes in close proximity to the wearer's temple to provide significant lateral eye coverage.
  • a degree of wrap may be desirable for aesthetic styling reasons, for lateral protection of the eyes from flying debris, or for interception of peripheral light. Wrap may be attained by utilizing lenses of tight horizontal curvature (high base), such as cylindrical or spherical lenses, and/or by mounting each lens in a position which is canted laterally and rearwardly relative to centrally oriented dual lenses. Similarly, a high degree of rake or vertical tilting may be desirable for aesthetic reasons and for intercepting light, wind, dust or other debris from below the wearer's eyes. In general, "rake” will be understood to describe the condition of a lens, in the as-worn orientation, for which the normal line of sight strikes a vertical tangent to the lens 101 at a non-perpendicular angle.
  • the lens 101 can be finished, as opposed to semifinished, with the lens 101 being contoured to modify the focal power.
  • the lens 101 can be semi-finished so that the lens 101 can be capable of being machined, at some time following manufacture, to modify their focal power.
  • the lens 101 can be a prescription having optical power that is configured to correct for near-sighted or far-sighted vision.
  • the lens 101 can have cylindrical characteristics to correct for astigmatism.
  • various embodiments of the lens 101 can comprise a substrate 102 (also referred to herein as the lens body).
  • the substrate 102 can be formed of a variety of material including but not limited to polymer, polycarbonate (or PC), allyl diglycol carbonate monomer (being sold under the brand name CR-39®), glass, nylon, Trivex, NXT, MR8, CR39, cast resin materials, polyurethane, polyethylene, polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate (or PET), biaxially-oriented polyethylene terephthalate polyester film (or BoPET, with one such polyester film sold under the brand name MYLAR®), acrylic (polymethyl methacrylate or PMMA), a polymeric material, a co-polymer, a doped material, any other suitable material, or any combination of materials.
  • the substrate 102 can be rigid and other layers of the lens 101 can conform to the shape of the substrate 102 such that the substrate 102 dictates the shape of the lens 101.
  • the substrate 102 can be symmetrical across a vertical axis of symmetry (e.g., longitudinal axis B-B'), symmetrical across a horizontal axis of symmetry, symmetrical across another axis, or asymmetrical.
  • the front and back surfaces of the substrate 102 can conform to the surfaces of respective cylinders that have a common center point and different radii.
  • the substrate 102 can have a front surface and a back surface that conform to the surfaces of respective cylinders that have center points offset from each other, such that the thickness of the substrate 102 tapers from a thicker central portion to thinner end portions.
  • the surfaces of the substrate 102 can conform to other shapes, as discussed herein, such as a sphere, toroid, ellipsoid, asphere, piano, frusto -conical, and the like.
  • a thermoforming process, a molding process, a casting process, a lamination process, an extrusion process, an adhering process, and/or another suitable process can be used to attach various lens components to the substrate 102 having a shape described herein.
  • the substrate 102 can be contoured during initial formation to have an optical magnification characteristic that modifies the focal power of the lens 101.
  • the substrate 102 can be machined after initial formation to modify the focal power of the lens 101.
  • the substrate 102 can provide a substantial amount of the optical power and magnification characteristics to the lens 101.
  • the substrate 102 provides the majority of the optical power and magnification characteristics. Apportioning the majority of optical power and magnification to the substrate 102 can permit selection of substrate 102 materials and substrate 102 formation techniques that provide lenses with improved optical power and magnification characteristics, without adversely affecting selection of various lens component materials and formation techniques.
  • the substrate 102 can be injection molded, although other processes can be used to form the shape of the lens blank body, such as thermoforming or machining.
  • the substrate 102 can be injection molded and includes a relatively rigid and optically acceptable material such as polycarbonate. The curvature of the substrate 102 would thus be incorporated into a molded lens blank.
  • a lens blank can include the desired curvature and taper in its as- molded condition.
  • One or two or more substrates (e.g., similar to substrate 102) of the desired shape may then be cut from the optically appropriate portion of the lens blank as is understood in the art.
  • the substrate 102 can be stamped or cut from flat sheet stock and then bent into the curved configuration using a process such as thermoforming.
  • Various lens components can be attached to the substrate 102, for example, through a thermally-cured adhesive layer, a UV-cured adhesive layer, electrostatic adhesion, pressure sensitive adhesives, or any combination of these.
  • bonding technologies that may be suitable for attaching various lens components to the substrate 102 include thermal welding, fusing, pressure sensitive adhesives, polyurethane adhesives, electrostatic attraction, thermoforming, other types of adhesives, materials curable by ultraviolet light, thermally curable materials, radiation- curable materials, other bonding methods, other bonding materials, and combinations of methods and/or materials.
  • any technique suitable for affixing various lens components to the substrate 102 can be used.
  • Some embodiments of the lens 101 can include the substrate 102 and one or more lens component that are bonded together.
  • the one or more lens components and the substrate 102 can be integrally connected to each other and can be adhesively bonded together.
  • the one or more lens components can have one or more layers in single or multiple layer form that can be coated with a hard coat or a primer.
  • the one or more lens components can be a single layer of polycarbonate, PET, polyethylene, acrylic, nylon, polyurethane, polyimide, BoPET, another film material, or a combination of materials.
  • the one or more lens components can include multiple layers of film, where each film layer includes polycarbonate, PET, polyethylene, acrylic, nylon, polyurethane, polyimide, BoPET, another film material, or a combination of materials.
  • Each of the one or more lens components and/or substrate 102 can include one or more layers that serve various functions within the lens 101.
  • one or more layers of the one or more lens components and/or substrate 102 can provide optical properties to the lens 101 such as optical filtering, polarization, photo chromism, electro chromism, photoelectrochromism and/or partial reflection of incoming visible light, chroma enhancement, color enhancement, color alteration, or any combination of these.
  • one or more lens components and/or substrate 102 can provide mechanical protection to the lens 101 or other layers within the one or more lens components, reduce stresses within the one or more lens components, or improve bonding or adhesion among the layers in the one or more lens components and/or between the one or more lens components and the substrate 102.
  • the one or more lens components and/or the substrate 102 can include layers that provide additional functionality to the lens 101 such as, for example, anti-reflection functionality, anti-static functionality, anti-fog functionality, scratch resistance, mechanical durability, hydrophobic functionality, reflective functionality, darkening functionality, aesthetic functionality including tinting, or any combination of these.
  • the one or more lens components and/or the substrate 102 can include a polarizing layer, one or more adhesive layers, a photochromic layer, an electrochromic layer, a photoelectrochomic layer, a hard coat, a flash mirror, a liquid-containing layer, an antireflection coating, a mirror coating, an interference stack, chroma enhancing dyes, an index-matching layer, a scratch resistant coating, a hydrophobic coating, an anti-static coating, chroma enhancement dyes, color enhancement elements, laser attenuation filters, trichoic filters, violet edge filter, UV filter, IR filter, glass layers, hybrid glass-plastic layers, anti-reflective coatings, contrast enhancement elements, a liquid-containing layer, a gel containing layer, a refractive index matching layer, thermal insulation layer, electrical insulation layer, electrical conducting layer, neutral density filter, other lens elements, or a combination of lens components.
  • the one or more lens components can include one or more layers that can serve to thermally insulate the one or more lens components such that it can be used in high temperature molding processes without subjecting the certain other layers to temperatures sufficient to significantly degrade their optical performance.
  • the one or more lens components can serve as a thermally isolating element or vehicle that can incorporate functional elements that may be degraded if subjected to high temperature manufacturing processes.
  • the one or more lens components can be used to incorporate these types of functional elements into lenses that otherwise are formed and/or manufactured using high temperature processes.
  • the one or more lens components can include a substrate with one or more functional coatings deposited thereon.
  • the functional coatings can include elements that would be degraded or whose performance would be altered if subjected to high temperatures, such as certain chroma enhancement dyes.
  • the one or more lens components could then be bonded to the substrate 102 (or lens body) of the lens 101 using a UV-cured adhesive, thus thermally isolating the one or more lens components and the included functional layers from the high temperature processes associated with the manufacture of the substrate 102 (or lens body) of the lens 101.
  • the substrate 102 (or lens body) of the lens 101 or the one or more lens components can include layers or elements that serve to tint the lens 101. Tinting can be added to a lens in different ways.
  • color can be deposited on the one or more lens components and/or the substrate 102 using a vapor or liquid source. The color can coat the one or more lens components and/or the substrate 102 or it can penetrate into the one or more lens components and/or the substrate 102, and/or can be applied using a sublimation process.
  • color can be added to a material used to make the one or more lens components and/or the substrate 102, such as adding powdered color or plastic pellets to material that is extruded, injection molded, or otherwise molded into the one or more lens components and/or the substrate 102.
  • the color can be added by a dip process.
  • a gradient tint or bi-gradient tint can be achieved through the dip process.
  • a liquid coloring technique can be used to tint one or more lens components and/or the substrate 102.
  • liquid dye can be added to the polymer during an injection molding process.
  • the one or more lens components can include a flash mirror and one or more hard coats on either side of the one or more lens components.
  • the substrate 102 can include an anti-fog coating on a surface of the substrate 102 and one or more hard coats on either side of the substrate 102.
  • the flash mirror can be incorporated into the one or more lens components using vapor deposition techniques.
  • the anti-fog coating can be incorporated into the substrate 102 using immersion process techniques.
  • the lens 101 can include a heated lens element that can provide anti-fog functionality.
  • a heated lens element that can provide anti-fog functionality.
  • an electrically conductive transparent film of indium tin oxide-based material, zinc oxide- based material, or another suitable conductive material with substantial transparency can be included in the lens 101 , and a voltage can be applied across it such that heat is generated.
  • the lens 101 can include non-transparent filaments that heat when a voltage is applied across them, providing an anti-fog functionality.
  • An advantage of incorporating functional elements into the one or more lens components and/or substrate 102 is that it provides the ability to separately manufacture each functional lens element.
  • elements can be made in parallel and assembled to make a lens 101 having desired functional qualities, thereby increasing manufacturing capabilities and/or lowering costs.
  • multiple functional properties can be imparted to a lens using the techniques and one or more lens components described herein, providing flexibility and greater capacity for manufacturing embodiments of the lens 101 with varying characteristics.
  • Embodiments of the lens 101 disclosed herein can have a variety of colors or any desired color.
  • a viewer wearing an eyewear including the lens 101 can perceive the color of the lens as viewed through the posterior surface as dark grey, dark brown, dark persimmon, dark yellow, dark red, dark rose, dark green, dark blue, light grey, light brown, persimmon, yellow, red, rose, light green, light blue or any combination of these colors.
  • an observer viewing the anterior surface of the lens can perceive a first region having a first color and a second region having a second color.
  • the first color can include black, blue, white, light blue, dark blue, light green, dark green, red, orange, yellow, violet, magenta, or combinations thereof etc.
  • the second color can include black, blue, white, silver, gold, light blue, dark blue, light green, dark green, red, orange, yellow, violet, magenta, chrome, or combinations thereof etc.
  • the color perceived by a viewer viewing through the posterior surface of the lens 101 can depend on the optical characteristics of an absorptive filter integrated with the substrate 102.
  • the color perceived by a viewer viewing the anterior surface of the lens 101 can depend on the optical characteristics of the at least two reflective filters disposed on the substrate 102. The optical characteristics of the absorptive and the reflective filters, and methods of integrating them with the substrate 102 are discussed in detail below.
  • Embodiments of eyewear disclosed herein can have several advantages including but not limited to cosmetic or aesthetic benefits, manufacturing benefits and/or optical benefits.
  • the lens can comprise a first reflective filter region having a first reflectance profile that produces a first reflected and a second reflective filter region having a second reflectance profile that is configured to produce a second reflected color different from the first reflected color.
  • a boundary between the first and the second reflective filter regions can be sharp and demarcated.
  • the first and the second reflected colors can provide cosmetic or aesthetic benefits.
  • the first and/or second reflective filter regions may be configured to display aesthetic designs or logos.
  • the first reflective filter region can correspond to ocular portions of the lens and the second reflective filter region can correspond to non-ocular portions of the lens.
  • the non-ocular portions of the lens may provide a cosmetic extension of the frame attached to the eyewear comprising the lens.
  • the frame can be at least partially rimless and the color reflected by the non- ocular portions of the lens may provide the appearance of a rim.
  • Various methods of manufacturing eyewear including at least two distinct reflective filter regions disclosed herein can be simpler and have fewer processing steps than other methods of manufacturing eyewear including reflective filters. Accordingly, eyewear including at least two distinct reflective filter regions manufactured using various methods of manufacturing described herein can be less expensive than other eyewear including refiective filters.
  • eyewear including absorptive filters and at least two reflective filter regions can be configured to provide color enhancement for specific activities.
  • various embodiments of eyewear disclosed herein can be configured to view objects against water and/or reduce glare.
  • various embodiments of eyewear disclosed herein can be configured to view objects against snow or grass and/or reduce glare.
  • Various embodiments of eyewear disclosed herein can be configured for use when engaging in specific activities, such as, for example, fishing, skiing, snowboarding, shooting, golfing, baseball, volleyball, cricket, driving, etc.
  • the absorptive optical filter can include a chroma enhancement material (for example, a dye, an organic dye, a rare earth oxide, etc.) that increases chroma in at least one chroma enhancement window.
  • a chroma enhancement material for example, a dye, an organic dye, a rare earth oxide, etc.
  • Enhancing chroma in at least one chroma enhancement window can advantageously increase dynamic visual acuity of the lens 101. Additionally, enhancing chroma in at least one chroma enhancement window can increase colorfulness, clarity, and/or vividness of a scene viewed through the lens 101.
  • Absorptive optical filters including a chroma enhancement material can also be referred to herein as chroma-enhancing filters.
  • Embodiments of the lens 101 including the absorptive optical filters described herein can generally change the colorfulness of a scene viewed through the lens 101 compared to a scene viewed through a lens with the same luminous transmittance but a different spectral transmittance profile (e.g., a flat filter profile).
  • the luminous transmittance can be determined according to a technique defined in section 5.6.1 the ANSI Z80.3-2009 specification for nonprescription sunglass and fashion eyewear requirements, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference and made a part of this specification.
  • Embodiments of eyewear 101 including one or more optical filters with chroma enhancement material that increase chroma in at least one chroma enhancement window are described in U.S. Patent No. 9,134,547 which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety for all that it discloses.
  • Various embodiments of the absorptive optical filter can include an edge filter that absorbs wavelengths at the violet edge of the visible spectrum
  • the absorbance spectrum of the edge filter has an optical density greater than a threshold value (A) for wavelengths at the violet edge of the visible spectrum and a bandwidth (B) which is equal to the difference between the wavelength in the visible spectrum ( ⁇ 0 ) at which the absorbance spectrum of the edge filter has an optical density 50% of the threshold value A and the edge of the visible spectrum k edge ).
  • A threshold value
  • B bandwidth
  • optical density is equal to a logarithmic ratio of the radiation incident on the filter to the radiation transmitted through the filter.
  • optical density can be calculated by the equation - log lo— , where Ii is the intensity of the radiation of transmitted through the
  • the threshold value A can be greater than or equal to about 2, greater than or equal to about 3, greater than or equal to about 4, and/or less than or equal to about 100.
  • the bandwidth B can be greater than or equal to about 5 nm, greater than or equal to about 10 nm, greater than or equal to about 20 nm, less than or equal to about 100 nm, less than or equal to about 80 nm, less than or equal to about 50 nm, and/or less than or equal to about 30 nm.
  • the edge filter has an optical density greater than about 2.5 for wavelengths less than about 410 nm
  • the edge filter can be included in the absorptive optical filter or providing as a separate lens component.
  • the edge filter can be an UV light absorbing filter.
  • the absorptive optical filter can include an UV light absorbing filter.
  • Various embodiments of the lens 101 including the absorptive optical filter can have a luminous transmittance less than or equal to about 80%, less than or equal to about 70%, less than or equal to about 60%, less than or equal to about 50%, less than or equal to about 45%, less than or equal to about 40%, greater than or equal to about 10%, greater than or equal to about 20%, greater than or equal to about 30%, and/or greater than or equal to about 40%.
  • luminous transmittance can be measured with respect to a standard daylight illuminant, such as CIE illuminant D65 according to a technique defined in section 5.6.1 the ANSI Z80.3-2009 specification for nonprescription sunglass and fashion eyewear requirements.
  • lens 101 including an absorptive optical filter can be configured to enhance the chroma profile of a scene when the scene is viewed through the lens 101.
  • the absorptive optical filter can be configured to increase or decrease chroma in one or more chroma enhancement windows in order to achieve any desired effect.
  • the one or more chroma enhancement windows can include a first spectral range of about 440 nm to about 510 nm, a second spectral range of about 540 nm to about 600 nm, a third spectral range of about 630 nm to about 660 nm, or any combination of the first, second, and third spectral ranges.
  • the absorptive optical filter can be configured to preferentially transmit or attenuate light in any desired chroma enhancement windows. Any suitable process can be used to determine the desired chroma enhancement windows. For example, the colors predominantly reflected or emitted in a selected environment can be measured, and the absorptive optical filter can be adapted to provide chroma enhancement in one or more spectral regions corresponding to the colors that are predominantly reflected or emitted.
  • the absorptive optical filter can be configured to increase or maximize chroma in the blue-green region of the visible spectrum.
  • a filter with such a configuration can provide an absorbance peak with a maximum absorbance value at a wavelength of about 475 nm, of about 450 nm, or between about 445 nm and about 495 nm.
  • the bandwidth of the absorbance peak at 80% of the maximum absorbance value can be greater than or equal to about 5 nm and/or less than or equal to 40 nm In various embodiments, the bandwidth of the absorbance peak at 80% of the maximum absorbance value can be greater than or equal to about 10 nm, greater than or equal to about 15 nm, greater than or equal to about 20 nm, or another suitable value.
  • the absorptive optical filter can be configured to increase or decrease chroma in the green-yellow region of the visible spectrum.
  • a filter with such a configuration can provide an absorbance peak with a maximum absorbance value at a wavelength of about 575 nm, of about 550 nm, or between about 550 nm and about 585 nm.
  • the bandwidth of the absorbance peak at 80% of the maximum absorbance value can be greater than or equal to about 5 nm and/or less than or equal to 40 nm In various embodiments, the bandwidth of the absorbance peak at 80% of the maximum absorbance value can be greater than or equal to about 10 nm, greater than or equal to about 15 nm, greater than or equal to about 20 nm, or another suitable value.
  • the absorptive optical filter can be configured to increase or decrease chroma in the orange-red region of the visible spectrum.
  • a filter with such a configuration can provide an absorbance peak with a with a maximum absorbance value at a wavelength of about 650 nm, of about 660 nm, or between about 620 nm and about 680 nm
  • the bandwidth of the absorbance peak at 80% of the maximum absorbance value can be greater than or equal to about 5 nm and/or less than or equal to 40 nm.
  • the bandwidth of the absorbance peak at 80% of the maximum absorbance value can be greater than or equal to about 10 nm, greater than or equal to about 15 nm, greater than or equal to about 20 nm, or another suitable value.
  • the absorptive optical filter can be configured to increase or decrease chroma across several, many, or most colors, or at least many colors in the visible spectrum that are commonly encountered in the environment of the wearer.
  • a filter with such a configuration can include a plurality of absorbance peaks having maximum absorbance value at wavelengths of about 415 nm, about 478 nm, about 574 nm, about 660 nm, about 715 nm, etc.
  • the bandwidth of each absorbance peak at 80% of the maximum absorbance value can be greater than or equal to about 10 nm, greater than or equal to about 15 nm, greater than or equal to about 20 nm, or another suitable value.
  • Some embodiments significantly attenuate light between about 558 nm and about 580 nm by providing a peak having maximum absorbance value at about 574 nm and adding an additional peak having maximum absorbance value at about 561 nm.
  • Such embodiments can provide substantially greater chroma in the green region, including at wavelengths near about 555 nm.
  • the absorptive optical filter can include one or more organic dyes that provide absorbance peaks having a maximum absorbance value at one or more wavelengths in the visible spectrum.
  • the static filter component 116 can incorporate organic dyes supplied by Exciton of Dayton, Ohio. At least some organic dyes supplied by Exciton are named according to the approximate wavelength at which the absorbance peak has a maximum absorbance value.
  • the organic dyes Exciton ABS 407, ABS 473, ABS 574, ABS 647 and ABS 659 supplied by Exciton provide absorbance peaks having a maximum absorbance value at about 407 nm, 473 nm, 574 nm, 647 nm and 659 nm.
  • Crysta-Lyn Chemical Company of Binghamton, NY offers DLS 402A dye, with an absorbance peak having a maximum absorbance value at 402 nm, DLS 46 IB dye that provides an absorbance peak having a maximum absorbance value at 461 nm, DLS 564B dye that provides an absorbance peak having a maximum absorbance value at 564 nm and DLS 654B dye that provides an absorbance peak having a maximum absorbance value at 654 nm.
  • two or more dyes can be used to create a single absorbance peak or a plurality of absorbance peaks in close proximity to one another.
  • an absorbance peak having a maximum absorbance value at a wavelength between about 555 nm and about 580 nm can be created using two dyes having absorbance peaks with maximum absorbance values at about 561 nm and 574 nm.
  • an absorbance peak having a maximum absorbance value between about 555 nm and about 580 nm can be created using two dyes having absorbance peaks with maximum absorbance values at about 556 nm and 574 nm.
  • each dye can individually produce an absorbance peak having a FWHM value of less than about 30 nm
  • the absorbance peaks can combine to form a single absorbance peak with a bandwidth of about 45 nm or greater than or equal to about 40 nm.
  • Absorptive optical filters including organic dyes can be manufactured using any suitable technique.
  • a sufficient quantity of one or more organic dyes is used to provide absorbance peaks having maximum absorbance values at one or more wavelengths selected to increase or decrease chroma in one or more chroma enhancement windows.
  • Selected organic dyes can be loaded (or mixed) in an amount of a solvent (e.g. 1 lb of polycarbonate resin or 5 lbs of polycarbonate resin) to achieve an absorbance spectrum including absorbance peaks having maximum absorbance values at one or more wavelengths.
  • the amount of each of the selected organic dye is based on the desired optical density (OD) at the wavelengths of the absorbance peak produced by each of the selected organic dyes.
  • the absorptive optical filter can include dyes or other materials that are selected or configured to increase the photo stability of the chroma enhancing filter and other lens components.
  • any dye formulations disclosed herein can be adjusted to achieve a desired objective, such as, for example, a desired overall lens color, a chroma-enhancing filter having particular properties, another objective, or a combination of objectives.
  • background windows and spectral-width windows can be provided so that backgrounds are apparent, scenes appear natural, and the wearer's focus and depth perception are improved.
  • different background windows can be provided for play on different surfaces.
  • tennis is commonly played on grass courts or clay courts, and eyewear including chroma-enhancing filters can be configured for each surface, if desired.
  • ice hockey can be played on an ice surface that is provided with a wavelength-conversion agent or colorant, and eyewear including chroma-enhancing filters can be configured for viewing a hockey puck with respect to such ice.
  • Outdoor volleyball benefits from accurate viewing of a volleyball against a blue sky
  • eyewear including chroma-enhancing filters can be configured to permit accurate background viewing while enhancing chroma in outdoor lighting.
  • a different configuration can be provided for indoor volleyball.
  • Eyewear that includes such chroma-enhancing optical filters can be activity-specific, surface-specific, or setting-specific. Some representative activities include dentistry, surgery, bird watching, fishing, or search and rescue operations. Such optical filters can also be provided in additional configurations such as filters for still and video cameras, or as viewing screens that are placed for the use of spectators or other observers.
  • an absorptive optical filter can include one or more CEWs in a portion of the visible spectrum in which an object of interest, such as, for example, a golf ball, emits or reflects a substantial spectral stimulus.
  • an object of interest such as, for example, a golf ball
  • a corresponding CEW can be referred to as the object spectral window.
  • spectral stimulus of a background behind an object a corresponding CEW can be referred to as the background spectral window.
  • the spectral window can be referred to as the surrounding spectral window.
  • the absorptive optical filter can be configured such that one or more edges of an absorbance peak lie within at least one spectral window. In this way, an absorptive optical filter can enhance chroma in the spectral ranges corresponding to a given spectral stimulus (e.g. object, background, or surroundings).
  • a given spectral stimulus e.g. object, background, or surroundings.
  • Green grass and vegetation typically provide a reflected or emitted spectral stimulus with a light intensity maximum at a wavelength of about 550 nm. Accordingly, wavelengths from about 500 nm to about 600 nm can define a green or background spectral window.
  • Providing an eyewear including an absorptive optical filter that enhances chroma in green light at wavelengths between 500 nm and 600 nm to a golfer can make the background vivid and bright thereby allowing the golfer to accurately assess the background surfaces such as putting surfaces or other vegetation.
  • an eyewear including an absorptive optical filter that enhances chroma in red and/or blue light can enhance the natural appearance of scenery (e.g., sky, vegetation), improve depth perception as well as improve focus.
  • Embodiments of eyewear including absorptive optical filters can also increase contrast between the object and the background by providing chroma enhancement in one or both of the object spectral window and the background spectral window.
  • Color contrast improves when chroma is increased. For example, when a white golf ball is viewed against a background of green grass or foliage at a distance, chroma enhancement technology can cause the green visual stimulus to be more narrowband. A narrowed spectral stimulus causes the green background to appear less washed out, resulting in greater color contrast between the golf ball and the background.
  • the absorbance profile of the absorptive filter in the visible spectral range can be configured to provide chroma enhancement when the various embodiments of the eyewear are used for different activities such as, for example, driving, skiing, snowboarding, fishing, sailing, cricket, golf, baseball etc.
  • Each of the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 1 10 can comprise an optical stack.
  • the optical stacks comprised in the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 1 10 can be configured as an interference thin film structure including a plurality of layers.
  • the refractive index (n) and the thickness (t) of each layer of the optical stack are selected such that the interference of incident ambient light reflected at an angle ⁇ from the interfaces between adjacent layers produces a desired reflected color as shown in Fig. 1C.
  • the optical stack comprised in the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can include alternating layers of high and low index materials.
  • the materials included in the optical stack can be dielectric materials having a finite dielectric constant and/or metals.
  • the optical stack can include no more than one metal layer. Accordingly, various embodiments of the optical stack can include zero (0) or one (1) metal layer.
  • the optical stack of the first and the second reflective filter regions can include no metal layers.
  • the optical stack of the first and the second filter regions can each include only one metal layer.
  • the optical stack of the first and/or the second reflective filter regions can include mineral oxides.
  • the optical stack of the first and/or the second reflective filter regions can include high refractive index materials that have high etch rates for plasma etching.
  • the number of layers, the material and/or thickness of the various layers of the optical stack comprised in the first reflective filter region 105 can be different from the number of layers, the material and/or thickness of the various layers of the optical stack comprised in the second reflective filter region 110 such that the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110 produce different reflected colors when viewed along a view angle ⁇ .
  • the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can comprise multi-layer interference coatings sold by Oakley, Inc. of Foothill Collins, California, U. S.A. under the brand name Iridium®.
  • Fig. ID illustrates an embodiment of a first reflective filter region 105 including a second optical stack 120 that is disposed over a first optical stack 125.
  • Fig. IE illustrates an embodiment of a second reflective filter region 110 comprising the optical stack 125.
  • the illustrated embodiment of the second optical stack 120 includes six (6) alternating layers of a high refractive index material n2 equal to 2.215 and a low index material having a refractive index nl equal to 1.483.
  • the illustrated embodiment of the first optical stack 125 includes a first layer comprising a material having a refractive index n3 equal to 1.5, a second layer comprising a material having a refractive index n2 equal to 2.215 and a third layer comprising a material having a refractive index nl equal to 1.483.
  • the thickness of the various high and low index materials in the second optical stack 120 can be adjusted such that the interference of ambient light reflected from the interface of the various layers of the second optical stack 120 and the first optical stack 125 together produces a reddish-orange color when the eyewear including the first reflective filter region 105 comprising the first and the second optical stacks 125 and 120 is viewed along an angle ⁇ .
  • the thickness of the various layers can be greater than or equal to about 1.0 nm and less than or equal to about 1.0 mm
  • the thickness of the various layers can be greater than or equal to about 3.0 nm and less than or equal to about 750 nm, greater than or equal to about 5.0 nm and less than or equal to about 500 nm, greater than or equal to about 10.0 nm and less than or equal to about 450 nm, greater than or equal to about 20.0 nm and less than or equal to about 400 nm, greater than or equal to about 30.0 nm and less than or equal to about 350 nm, greater than or equal to about 40.0 nm and less than or equal to about 300 nm, greater than or equal to about 50.0 nm and less than or equal to about 250 nm, greater than or equal to about 60.0 nm and less than or equal to about 200 nm, greater than or equal to about 70.0 nm and less than or equal to about 150 nm, greater than or equal to
  • the thickness of the various layers in the first optical stack 125 can be adjusted such that the interference of ambient light reflected from the interface of the various layers of the first optical stack 125 alone produces a silver/grey/chrome like appearance when the eyewear including the only the second reflective filter region 110 comprising the first optical stack 125 is viewed along the angle ⁇ .
  • the thickness of the various layers can be greater than or equal to about 1.0 nm and less than or equal to about 1.0 mm
  • the thickness of the various layers can be greater than or equal to about 3.0 nm and less than or equal to about 750 nm, greater than or equal to about 5.0 nm and less than or equal to about 500 nm, greater than or equal to about 10.0 nm and less than or equal to about 450 nm, greater than or equal to about 20.0 nm and less than or equal to about 400 nm, greater than or equal to about 30.0 nm and less than or equal to about 350 nm, greater than or equal to about 40.0 nm and less than or equal to about 300 nm, greater than or equal to about 50.0 nm and less than or equal to about 250 nm, greater than or equal to about 60.0 nm and less than or equal to about 200 nm, greater than or equal to about 70.0 nm and less than or equal to about 150 nm, greater than or equal to
  • the high refractive index materials can include one or more of the materials selected from the group consisting of Ti 3 0 5 , Ta 2 0 5 , Sn0 2 , Zn0 2 , Zr0 2 , ITO, HF0 2 , A1 2 0 3 , Cr or SiO.
  • the low refractive index materials can include Si0 2 , CaF 2 , A1F 3 , BaF 2 or MgF 2 .
  • the high refractive index material can have a refractive index greater than or equal to about 1.5 and less than or equal to about 4.0.
  • the high refractive index material can have a refractive index greater than or equal to about 1.75 and less than or equal to about 3.75, greater than or equal to about 2.0 and less than or equal to about 3.5, greater than or equal to about 2.25 and less than or equal to about 3.25, greater than or equal to about 2.5 and less than or equal to about 3.0 or values there between.
  • the low refractive index material can have a refractive index greater than or equal to about 1.2 and less than or equal to about 1.8.
  • the high refractive index material can have a refractive index greater than or equal to about 1.25 and less than or equal to about 1.75, greater than or equal to about 1.3 and less than or equal to about 1.6, greater than or equal to about 1.35 and less than or equal to about 1.55 or values there between.
  • the low and high refractive index materials can be selected based on various considerations including but not limited to etch rates for plasma etching and the ability to produce a desired reflected color when the optical stack is viewed at an angle ⁇ with as few layers in the optical stack as possible.
  • the color produced by light reflected from the optical stack (e.g., the combined first and the second optical stacks 125 and 120) that forms the first reflective filter region 105 depends on the phase relationship between light reflected from the interface between all the layers of the optical stack that forms the first reflective filter region 105.
  • the color produced by light reflected from the optical stack (e.g., first optical stack 125) that forms the second reflective filter region 1 10 depends on the phase relationship between light reflected from the interface between all the layers of the optical stack that forms the second reflective filter region 110.
  • the color reflected by the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110 can be adjusted by selecting appropriate thicknesses and materials for the various layers of the optical stack included in the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110.
  • the first three layers of the optical stack that forms the first reflective filter region 105 include materials that have the same refractive index and the same thickness as the three layers of the optical stack that forms the second reflective filter region 110.
  • the first reflective filter region 105 includes the first optical stack 125 which is configured to produce the second reflected color.
  • the second optical stack 120 is disposed over the first optical stack 125 and the materials and the thickness of the various layers of the second optical stack 120 are configured such that the first reflected color is produced in combination with the first optical stack 125. Burying the first optical stack 125 in the first reflective region 105 can reduce manufacturing cost and complexity.
  • the optical stack that forms the first reflective filter region 105 need not have any layers that have the same material and/or thickness as the layers of the second reflective filter region 110.
  • the first and the second reflected colors can be produced by optical elements having non-thin film reflective layers (e.g., a combination of a metallic layer and a dielectric layer).
  • a metallic layer can be disposed over a substrate.
  • the metallic layer can have a thickness less than or equal to about 40 nm, such as, for example, a thickness less than or equal to about 35 nm, a thickness less than or equal to about 30 nm, a thickness less than or equal to about 25 nm, a thickness less than or equal to about 20 nm, a thickness less than or equal to about 15 nm, a thickness less than or equal to about 10 nm, less than or equal to about 5 nm, less than or equal to about 1 nm, or values there between.
  • a single dielectric layer e.g., Si0 2
  • a thickness of the dielectric layer (e.g., Si0 2 ) can be varied in the first and the second reflective filter regions to produce different reflected colors.
  • the second optical stack 120 and the first optical stack 125 can each include no metal layers.
  • the second optical stack 120 and the first optical stack 125 can each include only one metal layer.
  • the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110 can be integrated with the substrate 102 in a variety of ways including but not limited to material processing methods and technologies including but not limited to depositing thin films and/or selectively removing thin films. Several methods of manufacturing lenses including a substrate comprising first and second reflective filter regions are discussed below.
  • FIG. 2A illustrates a processing technique 200 of disposing a second optical stack 120 over a first portion of the substrate 102 to form a first reflective filter region 105 of the substrate 102 and disposing a first optical stack 125 over a second portion of the substrate 102 to form a second reflective filter region 1 10 of the substrate 102.
  • the method 200 includes a process that comprises: (i) masking a first portion of the substrate 102 that correspond to the first reflective filter region 105 using a first mask 205 while leaving the second portion of the substrate 102 unmasked; (ii) disposing the first optical stack 125 in the second portion of the substrate 102 that is not masked by the first mask 205; (iii) removing the first mask 205; (iv) masking the second portion of the substrate 102 over which the first optical stack 125 was disposed by a second mask 210 while leaving the first portion of the substrate 102 unmasked; (v) disposing the second optical stack 120 in the first portion of the substrate 102 that is not masked by the second mask 205; and (vi) removing the second mask 210 to produce a substrate having a first reflective filter region 105 disposed over the first portion and a second reflective filter region 110 disposed over the second portion.
  • the first and the second masks 205 and 210 can be removed using water.
  • the process 200 results in the second optical stack 120 being disposed adjacent the first optical stack 125.
  • the first portion of the substrate 102 can be demarcated using cutting or engraving tools and methods.
  • the first portion of the substrate 102 can be demarcated from the second portion of the substrate 102 by a groove formed using a computerized numerical control (CNC) machines or by laser engraving.
  • CNC computerized numerical control
  • the first mask 205 and the second mask 210 can include a plastic sheet, tapes, liquid masks (e.g., screen or pad printed/dip applied/flow coat applied water soluble mask), masks comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), masks produced by inkjet printing or shadow masks.
  • the mask 305 can be cut using optical or mechanical scribing methods to achieve a desired shape.
  • the mask 305 can be cut using laser or a diamond scribe.
  • the mask 305 can be cut using photolithography techniques to achieve a desired shape.
  • the mask can be placed immediately adjacent to the substrate 102 or at a distance from the substrate 102.
  • the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can be sharp or fuzzy. For example, if the mask is disposed closer to the substrate, the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can be sharp and if the mask is disposed farther from the substrate, the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 1 10 can be fuzzy.
  • the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can have a width between 0 and about 5.0 mm depending on the masking technique and/or position of the mask with respect to the substrate 102.
  • a width of the interface (including the boundary) between the first and the second filter region can be between 0 and about 5.0 mm.
  • the width of the boundary between the first and the second filter region can be greater than or equal to 0 and greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.
  • Fig. 2B is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method 250 based on a processing technique similar to the technique 200 illustrated in Fig. 2A.
  • the method 250 comprises masking a first portion of the substrate (e.g., substrate 102) using a first mask while leaving a second portion of the substrate unmasked, as shown in block 255.
  • the first portion can correspond to the ocular portions 107a and 107b illustrated in Fig. 1A while the second portion can correspond to the non-ocular portion 109 illustrated in Fig. 1A.
  • the first mask can include a plastic sheet, tapes, liquid masks (e.g., screen or pad printed/dip applied/flow coat applied water soluble mask), masks comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), masks produced by inkjet printing or shadow masks.
  • the method further comprises depositing a first coating over the second portion, as shown in block 260.
  • the first coating can include the optical stack (e.g., first optical stack 125) that forms the second reflective filter region 110.
  • the method further comprises masking the second portion of the substrate (e.g., substrate 102) using a second mask while leaving the first portion exposed, as shown in block 265.
  • the method further comprises depositing a second coating over the first portion of the substrate (e.g., substrate 102), as shown in block 270.
  • the second coating can include the optical stack (e.g., second optical stack 120) that is included in the first reflective filter region 105.
  • Various embodiments of the method 250 can additionally comprise demarcating the first portion of the substrate using cutting/engraving techniques. The demarcation can be accomplished prior to or after masking the first portion.
  • the first method of additively depositing with dual masking can be process intensive and/or expensive to manufacture.
  • the second, third and fourth methods discussed below can be relatively less process intensive and/or cheaper to manufacture as compared to the first method.
  • FIG. 3A illustrates a processing technique 300 of disposing a first optical stack 125 over an entire portion of the substrate 102, masking a portion of the first optical stack 125 and depositing a second optical stack 120 over the unmasked portion of the first optical stack 125 to form a first reflective filter region 105 of the substrate 102 and a second reflective filter region 1 10 of the substrate 102.
  • the method 300 includes a process that comprises: (i) disposing the first optical stack 125 over an entire portion of the substrate 102; (ii) masking a second portion of the first optical stack 125 by a mask 305 while leaving a first portion of the second optical stack 125 unmasked; (iii) disposing the second optical stack 120 in the first portion of the substrate 102 that is not masked by the mask 305; and (iv) removing the mask 305 to produce a substrate having a first reflective filter region 105 disposed over the first portion and a second reflective filter region 110 disposed over the second portion.
  • the process 300 results in the second optical stack 120 being disposed over the first optical stack 125.
  • the first portion of the substrate 102 can be demarcated using cutting or engraving tools and methods.
  • the first portion of the substrate 102 can be demarcated from the second portion of the substrate 102 by a groove formed using a computerized numerical control (CNC) machines or by laser engraving.
  • CNC computerized numerical control
  • the first optical stack 125 and the second optical stack 120 can include no metal layers.
  • the first optical stack 125 and the second optical stack 120 can each include only one metal layer.
  • the mask 305 can include a plastic sheet, tapes, liquid masks (e.g., screen or pad printed/dip applied/flow coat applied water soluble mask), masks comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), masks produced by inkjet printing or shadow masks.
  • the mask 305 can be cut using optical or mechanical scribing methods to achieve a desired shape.
  • the mask 305 can be cut using laser or a diamond scribe.
  • the mask 305 can be cut using photolithography techniques to achieve a desired shape. As discussed above, depending on the masking technique, the mask can be placed immediately adjacent to the substrate 102 or at a distance from the substrate 102.
  • the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can be sharp or fuzzy. For example, if the mask is disposed closer to the substrate, the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can be sharp and if the mask is disposed farther from the substrate, the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can be fuzzy.
  • the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can have a width between 0 and about 5.0 mm depending on the masking technique and/or position of the mask with respect to the substrate 102.
  • a width of the interface (including the boundary) between the first and the second filter region can be between 0 and about 5.0 mm.
  • the width of the boundary between the first and the second filter region can be greater than or equal to 0 and greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.1 mm and less than or equal to about 1.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.2 mm and less than or equal to about 1.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.3 mm and less than or equal to about 2.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.4 mm and less than or equal to about 2.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.4 mm and less than or equal to about 3.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.5 mm and less than or equal to about 3.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.6 mm and less than or equal to about 4.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.7 mm and less than or equal to about 4.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.1 mm
  • Fig. 3B is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method 350 based on a processing technique similar to the technique 300 illustrated in Fig. 3A.
  • the method 350 comprises depositing a first coating over the substrate (e.g., substrate 102), as shown in block 355.
  • the first coating can include the optical stack (e.g., first optical stack 125) that is included in the second reflective filter region 110.
  • the method further comprises, masking a second portion of the first coating using a mask while leaving a first portion of the first coating unmasked, as shown in block 360.
  • the first portion can correspond to the ocular portions 107a and 107b illustrated in Fig. 1A while the second portion can correspond to the non-ocular portion 109 illustrated in Fig. 1A.
  • the mask can include a plastic sheet, tapes, liquid masks (e.g., screen or pad printed/dip applied/flow coat applied water soluble mask), masks comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), masks produced by inkjet printing or shadow masks.
  • the method further comprises depositing a second coating over the unmasked first portion of the first coating, as shown in block 365.
  • the second coating can include the optical stack (e.g., second optical stack 120) that is included in the first reflective filter region 105.
  • Various embodiments of the method 350 can additionally comprise demarcating the first portion of the substrate using cutting/engraving techniques. The demarcation can be accomplished prior to or after masking the second portion.
  • This method of additively depositing with single masking can be less process intensive and/or cheaper to manufacture as compared to the first method of additively depositing with dual masking since it uses only a single mask. Since, the second optical stack is disposed over the first optical stack, the refractive indices and the thickness of the various layers in the second optical stack that produces a desired reflected color at a view angle that is used in the second manufacturing method to obtain the first reflective filter region 105 can be different from the refractive indices and the thickness of the various layers in the second optical stack that produces the desired reflected color at the view angle that is used in the first manufacturing method to obtain the first reflective filter region.
  • Fig. 4A illustrates a processing technique 400 of disposing a coating comprising an optical stack 401 over an entire portion of the substrate 102, masking a portion of the optical stack 401 , selectively etching the unmasked portions of the optical stack 401 to reduce a thickness of the optical stack 401 in the unmasked portions to form the second reflective filter region 1 10 and removing the mask to uncover the first reflective filter region 105 of the substrate 102.
  • plasma etching can be used to etch the unmasked portion.
  • the optical stack 401 can include the second optical stack 120 and the first optical stack 125. The materials of the various layers of the optical stack 120 can be selected to have high etch rates for plasma etching.
  • the interface 410 can represent the surface below which the layers of the optical stack 401 are not etched during the etching process.
  • the interface 410 can comprise materials that have a different (e.g. , lower) etch rate for plasma etching than the materials of the layers above the interface 410.
  • the interface 410 can thus be considered to function as a stop etch layer.
  • the method 400 includes a process that comprises: (i) disposing a coating including the optical stack 401 over an entire portion of the substrate 102; (ii) masking a first portion of the optical stack 401 by a mask 405 while leaving a second portion of the optical stack 401 unmasked; (iii) selectively etching the second unmasked portion of the optical stack 401 to reduce a thickness of the optical stack 401 in the second portion; and (iv) removing the mask to produce a substrate having a first reflective filter region 105 disposed over the first portion and a second reflective filter region 110 disposed over the second portion.
  • the first portion of the substrate 102 can be demarcated using cutting or engraving tools and methods.
  • the first portion of the substrate 102 can be demarcated from the second portion of the substrate 102 by a groove formed using a computerized numerical control (CNC) machines or by laser engraving.
  • CNC computerized numerical control
  • the second optical stack 120 and the first optical stack 125 can include no metal layers.
  • the second optical stack 120 and the first optical stack 125 can each include only one metal layer.
  • the mask 405 can include a plastic sheet, tapes, liquid masks (e.g., screen or pad printed/dip applied/flow coat applied water soluble mask), masks comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), masks produced by inkjet printing or shadow masks.
  • the mask 305 can be cut using optical or mechanical scribing methods to achieve a desired shape.
  • the mask 305 can be cut using laser or a diamond scribe.
  • the mask 305 can be cut using photolithography techniques to achieve a desired shape.
  • the mask can be placed immediately adjacent to the substrate 102 or at a distance from the substrate 102.
  • the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can be sharp or fuzzy. For example, if the mask is disposed closer to the substrate, the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can be sharp and if the mask is disposed farther from the substrate, the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can be fuzzy.
  • the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can have a width between 0 and about 5.0 mm depending on the masking technique and/or position of the mask with respect to the substrate 102.
  • a width of the interface (including the boundary) between the first and the second filter region can be between 0 and about 5.0 mm.
  • the width of the boundary between the first and the second filter region can be greater than or equal to 0 and greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.1 mm and less than or equal to about 1.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.2 mm and less than or equal to about 1.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.3 mm and less than or equal to about 2.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.4 mm and less than or equal to about 2.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.4 mm and less than or equal to about 3.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.5 mm and less than or equal to about 3.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.6 mm and less than or equal to about 4.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.7 mm and less than or equal to about 4.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.1 mm
  • Fig. 4B is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method 450 based on a processing technique similar to the technique 400 illustrated in Fig. 4A.
  • the method 450 comprises depositing a coating over the substrate (e.g., substrate 102), as shown in block 455.
  • the coating can include the optical stack (e.g., first optical stack 125) that forms the second reflective filter region 110 and the optical stack (e.g., second optical stack 120) that is included in the first reflective filter region 105.
  • the coating can also include a stop etch layer.
  • the method further comprises, masking a first portion of the coating using a mask while leaving a second portion of the coating unmasked, as shown in block 460.
  • the first portion can correspond to the ocular portions 107a and 107b illustrated in Fig. 1A while the second portion can correspond to the non-ocular portion 109 illustrated in Fig. 1A.
  • the mask can include a plastic sheet, tapes, liquid masks (e.g., screen or pad printed/dip applied/flow coat applied water soluble mask), masks comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), masks produced by inkjet printing or shadow masks.
  • the method further comprises selectively etching the second portion of the coating to reduce a thickness of the coating, as shown in block 465.
  • the second portion of the coating can be selectively etched to remove the second optical stack 120 from the second portion.
  • Various embodiments of the method 450 can additionally comprise demarcating the first portion of the substrate using cutting/engraving techniques. The demarcation can be accomplished prior to or after masking the second portion.
  • This method of subtractive fabrication with single masking can be less process intensive and/or cheaper to manufacture as compared to the first method of additively depositing with dual masking since it uses only a single mask.
  • the second optical stack is disposed over the first optical stack the refractive indices and the thickness of the various layers in the first optical stack that produces a desired reflected color at a view angle that is used in the third manufacturing method to obtain the first reflective filter region 105 can be different from the refractive indices and the thickness of the various layers in the first optical stack that produces the desired reflected color at the view angle that is used in the first manufacturing method to obtain the first reflective filter region.
  • the subtractive fabrication method described above can be used to fabricate different lenses with reflective coatings, each lens configured to produce a different reflected color.
  • a plurality of lenses can be coated with a reflective coating having a same thickness.
  • each lens can be etched to reduce the thickness of the coating by different amounts. The amount of reduction in the thickness of the coating can be determined based on a desired color to be reflected by each lens.
  • FIG. 5A illustrates a processing technique 500 of disposing a first optical stack 125 on one side of the substrate 102 and a second optical stack 120 on the opposite side of the substrate 102, masking a second portion of the first optical stack 125 and a first portion of the second optical stack 120 and selectively etching the unmasked portions of the first and the second optical stacks to reduce a thickness of the first optical stack 125 in the first portion and reduce a thickness of the second optical stack 120 in the second portion to form a first reflective filter region 105 of the substrate 102 and a second reflective filter region 1 10 of the substrate 102.
  • plasma etching can be used to reduce the thickness of the second optical stack 120 and the first optical stack 125.
  • the first and the second optical stacks 125 and 120 can include materials that have high etch rates for plasma etching.
  • the method 500 includes a process that comprises: (i) disposing the first optical stack 125 on a first side of the substrate 102 and disposing the second optical stack 120 on a second side of the substrate 102, the second side being opposite the first side; (ii) masking a second portion of the first optical stack 125 by a first mask 505 while leaving a first portion of the first optical stack 125 unmasked; (iii) masking a first portion of the second optical stack 120 by a second mask 510 while leaving a second portion of the second optical stack 120 unmasked; (iv) selectively etching the first unmasked portion of the first optical stack 125 to reduce a thickness of the first optical stack 125 in the first portion; (v) selectively etching the second unmasked portion of the second optical stack 120 to reduce a thickness of the second optical stack 120 in the second portion; and (iv) removing the first and
  • the first and the second masks 505 and 510 can be removed with water.
  • the first portion of the substrate 102 can be demarcated using cutting or engraving tools and methods.
  • the first portion of the substrate 102 can be demarcated from the second portion of the substrate 102 by a groove formed using a computerized numerical control (CNC) machines or by laser engraving.
  • CNC computerized numerical control
  • the first optical stack 125 and the second optical stack 120 can include no metal layers.
  • the first optical stack 125 and the second optical stack 120 can each include only one metal layer.
  • the first mask 505 and the second mask 510 can include a plastic sheet, tapes, liquid masks (e.g., screen or pad printed/dip applied/flow coat applied water soluble mask), masks comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), masks produced by inkjet printing or shadow masks.
  • the masks 505 and 510 can be cut using optical or mechanical scribing methods to achieve a desired shape.
  • the mask 505 or 510 can be cut using laser or a diamond scribe.
  • the mask 505 or 510 can be cut using photolithography techniques to achieve a desired shape.
  • the mask can be placed immediately adjacent to the substrate 102 or at a distance from the substrate 102.
  • the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can be sharp or fuzzy. For example, if the mask is disposed closer to the substrate, the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can be sharp and if the mask is disposed farther from the substrate, the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can be fuzzy.
  • the interface (including the boundary) between first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can have a width between 0 and about 5.0 mm depending on the masking technique and/or position of the mask with respect to the substrate 102.
  • a width of the interface (including the boundary) between the first and the second filter region can be between 0 and about 5.0 mm.
  • the width of the boundary between the first and the second filter region can be greater than or equal to 0 and greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.1 mm and less than or equal to about 1.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.2 mm and less than or equal to about 1.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.3 mm and less than or equal to about 2.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.4 mm and less than or equal to about 2.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.4 mm and less than or equal to about 3.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.5 mm and less than or equal to about 3.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.6 mm and less than or equal to about 4.0 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.7 mm and less than or equal to about 4.5 mm, greater than or equal to about 0.1 mm
  • Fig. 5B is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method 550 based on a processing technique similar to the technique 500 illustrated in Fig. 5A.
  • the method 550 comprises depositing a first coating on a first side of the substrate (e.g., substrate 102), as shown in block 555.
  • the method further comprises depositing a second coating on a second side of the substrate (e.g., substrate 102), as shown in block 560.
  • the first coating can include the first optical stack (e.g., optical stack 125) that forms the second reflective filter region 110 and the second coating can include the second optical stack (e.g., optical stack 120) that forms the first reflective filter region 105.
  • the method further comprises, masking a second portion of the first coating using a first mask (e.g., mask 505) while leaving a first portion of the first coating unmasked, as shown in block 565.
  • the method further comprises, masking a first portion of the second coating using a second mask (e.g., mask 510) while leaving a second portion of the second coating unmasked, as shown in block 570.
  • the first portion can correspond to the ocular portions 107a and 107b illustrated in Fig. 1A while the second portion can correspond to the non- ocular portion 109 illustrated in Fig. 1A.
  • the mask can include plastic sheet, tapes, liquid masks (e.g., screen or pad printed/dip applied/flow coat applied water soluble mask), masks comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), masks produced by inkjet printing or shadow masks.
  • the method further comprises selectively etching the first portion of the first coating and the second portion of the second coating to reduce a thickness of the first coating in the first portion and reduce a thickness of the second coating in the second portion, as shown in block 575.
  • the first portion of the first coating and the second portion of the second coating can be selectively etched to remove the first coating from the first portion and to remove the second coating from the second portion.
  • Various embodiments of the method 550 can additionally comprise demarcating the first portion of the substrate using cutting/engraving techniques. The demarcation can be accomplished prior to or after masking the second portion.
  • the coherence length of two plane waves is exceeded when difference in path length is sufficiently long.
  • the coherence length of two plane waves is exceeded when the path length is greater than the wavelength. If the path length of two plane waves is approximately equal, then the two plane waves can interfere constructively. If the path length of two plane waves differs by half a wavelength, then the two plane waves can interfere destructively. If the difference in path length between the two plane waves is sufficiently long (e.g., two or more orders of wavelength), then the correlation between the optical phase of the two plane waves can be reduced.
  • the correlation between the optical phases of the two plane waves can be random Fabricating the first and the second reflective filter regions on opposite sides of the substrate can advantageously increase the coherence length if the substrate is sufficiently thick. For example, if the thickness of the substrate is greater than or equal to at least two-three times the wavelength of visible light, then the optical phase between the light reflected from the first reflective filter region and the light reflected from the second reflective filter regions can be uncorrelated. This can be advantageous in fabricating lenses in which the color reflected by the first and the second reflective filter regions can be independently controlled and provide a larger color pallete from which the color reflected by first and the second reflective filter regions can be selected.
  • the method of subtractive fabrication with dual masking described above can advantageously reduce or eliminate coherence dependence.
  • the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can each comprise an optical stack.
  • the optical stacks comprised in the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 can be configured as an interference thin film structure including a plurality of layers.
  • the refractive index (n) and the thickness (t) of each layer of the optical stack are selected such that the interference of incident ambient light reflected at an angle ⁇ from the interfaces between adjacent layers produces a desired reflected color.
  • the second optical stack 120 comprised in the first reflective filter region 105 can be configured such that interference of incident ambient light reflected at an angle ⁇ from the interfaces between adjacent layers of the first optical stack 125 and the second optical stack 120 together produces a first color.
  • the angle ⁇ can vary between about 30 degrees and about 88 degrees with respect to a normal to the substrate.
  • the first optical stack 125 and the second optical stack 120 can be configured such that the first color can be perceived at any reflected angle ⁇ between 0 degrees and 90 degrees with respect to the normal to the substrate.
  • the first optical stack 125 comprised in the second reflective filter region 110 can be configured such that interference of incident ambient light reflected at an angle ⁇ from the interfaces between adjacent layers produces a second color.
  • the angle ⁇ can vary between about 30 degrees and about 88 degrees with respect to a normal to the substrate.
  • the first optical stack 125 can be configured such that the second color can be perceived at any reflected angle ⁇ between 0 degrees and 90 degrees with respect to the normal to the substrate.
  • the first reflective filter region 105 can have an associated first spectral reflectance profile which is the plot of the reflectance of the optical stack 120 as a function of wavelength.
  • the first spectral reflectance profile may be different for different angles of reflection.
  • the second reflective filter region 110 can have an associated second spectral reflectance profile which is the plot of the reflectance of the optical stack 125 as a function of wavelength.
  • the second spectral reflectance profile may also vary as the angle of reflection varies.
  • the first and the second reflected colors produced by the first and second reflective filter regions 105 and 110 respectively can depend on one or more features of the first and the second spectral reflectance profiles. For example, based on the materials and thickness of various layers of the optical stack 120 and 125, the first and the second spectral reflectance profiles of first and the second filter regions 105 and 110 may exhibit peaks and/or dips in the visible spectral range which ultimately determines the first and the second reflected colors.
  • the spectral response of the human eye can be modified by the transmittance characteristics of the absorptive optical filter 103 which in turn can affect the first and the second reflected colors perceived by the human eye.
  • the materials and the thickness of the various layers of the optical stacks 120 and 125 can be selected by taking into account the reflectance and transmittance profile of the substrate including the absorptive filter 103 such that the desired first and second reflected colors can be perceived by the spectral response of the human eye.
  • the first and the second reflected colors can be described in the CIE L *a*b * color space specified by the International Commission on Illumination. Accordingly, the first reflected color can be associated with coordinates m the CIE L *a *b * color space and the second reflected color can be associated with coordinates (£ 2 ,a 2 ,b 2 * ) the CIE L *a *b * color space. In various implementations, the first and the second reflected colors can be described by their respective dominant wavelengths.
  • dominant wavelength refers to the point of intersection nearer to the given color plotted in a CIE color coordinate space of a line drawn between the given color and the point for the color of the illuminant/white point that is extrapolated to intersect the perimeter of the color space.
  • first and second reflected colors produced by the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110 can have a very small color difference, such as, for example, a just-noticeable difference (JND).
  • JND just-noticeable difference
  • the first and second reflected colors produced by the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110 can have a large color difference, such as, for example, the first and the second reflected colors can be complementary colors.
  • a distance in the CIE L *a *b * color space between the first reflected color associated with coordinates (Z ⁇ , £ ⁇ 4 * ,£> * ) in the CIE L *a *b * color space and the second reflected color associated with coordinates (L , a 2 * ,b 2 ) in the CIE L *a *b * color space represented by AE * 3 ⁇ 4 - ⁇ (Z * - L 2 ) 2 + (a * - a 2 ) 2 + (b * - b 2 * ) 2 can be greater than or equal to about 2.3 and less than or equal to about 255.
  • the distance in the CIE L *a *b * color space between the first reflected color associated with coordinates (I ⁇ ,a * ,b * ) m the CIE L *a*b * color space and the second reflected color associated with coordinates (Z ⁇ , a 2 ,b 2 ) in the CIE L *a*b * color space represented by
  • the distance in the CIE L *a *b * color space between the first reflected color associated with coordinates (Z ⁇ ,a * ,i» * ) in the CIE L *a*b * color space and the second reflected color associated with coordinates (Z ⁇ , ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 > ) i n me CIE L *a*b * color space represented by AF -J(a * - a 2 ) 2 + (b * - b 2 ) 2 can be greater than or equal to about 5 and less than or equal to about 245, greater than or equal to about 10 and less than or equal to about 240, greater than or equal to about 15 and less than or equal to about 235, greater than or equal to about 20 and less than or equal to about 230, greater than or equal to
  • the first and the second reflected colors can be complementary to each other such that the first dominant wavelength associated with the first reflected color and the second dominant wavelength associated with the second reflected color can be opposite to each other on the CIE color coordinate space.
  • lens 101 including first and second reflective filter regions configured to produce different first and second reflected colors were manufactured using one or more of the manufacturing methods discussed above.
  • Table 1 shows first and second reflected colors produced by various embodiments of a lens 101 and the distance between the first and the second reflected colors in the CIE L *a *b * color space.
  • Table 1 includes the values for both representations of distance discussed above - AE * . andAF .
  • the optical stacks 120 and 125 are configured such that the transmittance profile through the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110 is substantially similar at all wavelengths in the visible spectral range.
  • a difference in the transmittance through the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110 at any wavelength in the visible spectral range may be less than or equal to 30%, less than or equal to 20%, less than or equal to 15%, less than or equal to 10%, and/or greater than or equal to 0%.
  • a difference in the transmittance through the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110 at any wavelength in the visible spectral range between about 400 nm and about 700 nm can be between 0 and 20%.
  • a difference in the transmittance through the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110 at any wavelength in the visible spectral range between about 400 nm and about 700 nm can be between 5% and about 15%, between about 7% and about 10%, or values there between.
  • An effect of having substantially similar transmittance profiles for light transmitted through the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 1 10 is that a wearer wearing the eyewear including an embodiment of lens 101 that comprises a first reflective filter region 105 and a second reflective filter region 1 10 having different spectral reflectance profiles associated with different reflected colors does not perceive a difference in the amount of light transmitted through the first reflective filter region 105 and a second reflective filter region 110. Furthermore, the wearer wearing the eyewear including an embodiment of lens 101 that comprises a first reflective filter region 105 and a second reflective filter region 1 10 having different spectral reflectance profiles associated with different reflected colors does not perceive the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 1 10 when viewing through the eyewear.
  • the transmittance through the first reflective filter region can be associated with a first luminous transmittance and the transmittance through the second reflective filter region can be associated with a second luminous transmittance.
  • luminous transmittance can be measured with respect to a standard daylight illuminant, such as CIE illuminant D65 according to a technique defined in section 5.6. 1 the ANSI Z80.3-2009 specification for nonprescription sunglass and fashion eyewear requirements.
  • the first and the second filter regions can be configured such that a difference in the first and the second luminous transmittance can be less than or equal to ⁇ 1%, less than or equal to ⁇ 2%, less than or equal to ⁇ 3%, less than or equal to ⁇ 4%, less than or equal to ⁇ 5%, less than or equal to ⁇ 7%, less than or equal to ⁇ 10%, less than or equal to ⁇ 15%, less than or equal to ⁇ 20%, less than or equal to ⁇ 25%, less than or equal to ⁇ 30%, less than or equal to ⁇ 35%, or values there between.
  • the second luminous transmittance can be within about 20% of the first luminous transmittance.
  • the luminous transmittance of the first reflective filter region is 50%
  • the luminous transmittance of the second reflective filter region can be between 40% and 60%.
  • the luminous transmittance of the first reflective filter region is 80%
  • the luminous transmittance of the second reflective filter region can be between 64% and 96%.
  • the first reflective filter region can be associated with a first transmitted color, which results from light transmitted through the first reflective filter region and the portions of the unitary lens including the first reflective filter region.
  • the second reflective filter region can be associated with a second transmitted color, which results from light transmitted through the second reflective filter region and the portions of the unitary lens including the second reflective filter region.
  • the first and the second filter regions can be configured such that a distance (AE a * b or AF) in the CIE L*a*b* color space between the first and the second transmitted colors can be less than or equal to 30.
  • a distance (AE a * b or AF) in the CIE L*a*b* color space between the first and the second transmitted colors can be less than or equal to 2.3, less than or equal to 5, less than or real to 7, less than or equal to 10, less than or equal to 12, less than or equal to 15, less than or equal to 20 or less than or equal to 25 or values there between.
  • a distance AE a * b between the first transmitted color and the second transmitted color in the CIE L*a*b* color space can be less than or equal to about 10% of the distance AE a * b between the first reflected color and the second reflected color.
  • the spectral reflectance profiles, transmittance profiles and chromaticity diagram for various embodiment of the lens 101 comprising a first reflective filter region 105 configured to reflect a portion of the ambient light reflected at an angle ⁇ such that it appears violet or yellow/orange to a viewer viewing the lens 101 and a second reflective filter region 110 configured to reflect a portion of the ambient light reflected at the angle ⁇ such that it appears orange or chromaesque to a viewer viewing the lens 101 manufactured by the first (additively depositing with dual masking) method, second (additively depositing with single masking) method and third (subtractive fabrication with single masking) method described above are discussed below with reference to Figs. 6A - 8C.
  • Fig. 6A is the spectral reflectance profile for an embodiment of the lens 101 comprising a first reflective filter region 105 configured to reflect a portion of the ambient light reflected at an angle ⁇ such that it appears violet to a viewer viewing the lens 101 and a second reflective filter region 110 configured to reflect a portion of the ambient light reflected at the angle ⁇ such that it appears orange to a viewer viewing the lens 101 manufactured by the first (additively depositing with dual masking) method.
  • Fig. 6B is the transmittance profile for the same embodiment of the lens 101 manufactured by the first method
  • Fig. 6C is the CIE xy chromaticity diagram showing the reflectance chromaticity of light reflected from the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110.
  • the CIE xy chromaticity diagram expresses chromaticity in terms of tri-stimulus values x and y. The chromaticity may be calculated using CIE illuminant D65.
  • reference numeral 610 identifies the spectral reflectance profile of the first reflective filter region 105 and reference numeral 605 identifies the spectral reflectance profile of the second reflective filter region 110. It is noted from Fig. 6A that spectral reflectance profile of the first reflective filter region 105 is between about 60%-70% for wavelengths between about 430 nm and about 500 nm consistent with the desired reflected color of violet. It is noted from Fig. 6A that spectral reflectance profile of the second reflective filter region 110 is between about 65%-70% for wavelengths between about 600 nm and about 650 nm consistent with the desired reflected color of orange.
  • the first reflective filter region 105 has a reflectance of less than 20% for wavelengths between about 600 nm and about 650 nm indicating that it is configured to reflect very little light in the orange-red spectral range. It is further observed that the second reflective filter region 110 has a reflectance of less than 10% for wavelengths between about 430 nm and about 500 nm indicating that it is configured to reflect very little light in the violet-blue spectral range.
  • reference numeral 620 identifies the transmittance profile of the first reflective filter region 105 and reference numeral 615 identifies the transmittance profile of the second reflective filter region 110. It is noted from Fig. 6B that a difference in the transmittance at any wavelength in the visible spectral range between about 450 nm and about 650 nm between the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110 is less than about 10% indicating that the transmittance through the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 is substantially similar.
  • the first reflective filter region 105 appears violet and has a CIE x value of 0.192 and a CIE y value of 0.184 and the second reflective filter region 110 appears yellow/orange and has a CIE x value of 0.5641 and a CIE y value of 0.3844. It is also noted from Fig. 6C that the reflected colors produced by the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 are on opposite ends of the CIE xy chromaticity diagram indicating that the first and the second reflected colors are almost complementary colors.
  • Fig. 7 A is the spectral reflectance profile for an embodiment of the lens 101 comprising a first reflective filter region 105 configured to reflect a portion of the ambient light reflected at an angle ⁇ such that it appears orange to a viewer viewing the lens 101 and a second reflective filter region 110 configured to reflect a portion of the ambient light reflected at the angle ⁇ such that it appears chrome like to a viewer viewing the lens 101 manufactured by the second (additively depositing with single masking) method.
  • Fig. 7B is the transmittance profile for the same embodiment of the lens 101 manufactured by the second method
  • Fig. 7C is the reflectance CIE xy chromaticity diagram showing the chromaticity of the light reflected from the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110. The chromaticity may be calculated using CIE illuminant D65.
  • reference numeral 705 identifies the spectral reflectance profile of the first reflective filter region 105 and reference numeral 710 identifies the spectral reflectance profile of the second reflective filter region 110. It is noted from Fig. 7 A that spectral reflectance profile of the first reflective filter region 105 increases from about 1% to about 15% for wavelengths between about 600 nm and about 650 nm consistent with the desired reflected color of orange. It is noted from Fig. 7 A that spectral reflectance profile of the second reflective filter region 110 remains constant between about 20% and about 30% for wavelengths between about 450 nm and about 650 nm consistent with the desired reflected color of chrome like. [0136] Referring to Fig.
  • reference numeral 715 indicates the transmittance profile of the substrate alone without any reflective filter regions
  • reference numeral 720 indicates the transmittance profile of the first reflective filter region 105
  • the reference numeral 725 identifies the transmittance profile of the second reflective filter region 110. It is noted from Fig. 7B that the transmittance profile of the substrate alone without any reflective filter regions and the transmittance profile of the first reflective filter region 105 are substantially equal such that a difference in the transmittance at any wavelength in the visible spectral range between about 450 nm and about 650 nm between the substrate alone without any reflective filter regions and the first reflective filter region 105 is less than 10%.
  • a difference in the transmittance at any wavelength in the visible spectral range between about 450 nm and about 650 nm between the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110 is also less than about 10% indicating that the transmittance through the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 is substantially similar.
  • the second reflective filter region 110 appears grey and has a CIE x value of 0.3031 and a CIE y value of 0.3287 and the first reflective filter region 105 appears yellow and has a CIE x value of 0.383 and a CIE y value of 0.325. It is also noted from Fig. 7C that the chromaticity of the second reflective filter region 110 is closer to the white point (e.g., the D65 white point).
  • Fig. 8A is the spectral reflectance profile for an embodiment of the lens 101 comprising a first reflective filter region 105 configured to reflect a portion of the ambient light reflected at an angle ⁇ such that it appears orange to a viewer viewing the lens 101 and a second reflective filter region 110 configured to reflect a portion of the ambient light reflected at the angle ⁇ such that it appears chrome like to a viewer viewing the lens 101 manufactured by the third (subtractive fabrication with single masking) method.
  • Fig. 8B is the transmittance profile for the same embodiment of the lens 101 manufactured by the second method
  • Fig. 8C is the CIE xy chromaticity diagram showing the reflectance chromaticity of light reflected from the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110. The chromaticity may be calculated using CIE illuminant D65.
  • reference numeral 805 identifies the spectral reflectance profile of the first reflective filter region 105 and reference numeral 810 identifies the spectral reflectance profile of the second reflective filter region 110. It is noted from Fig. 8 A that spectral reflectance profile of the first reflective filter region 105 increases from about 1% to about 15% for wavelengths between about 600 nm and about 650 nm consistent with the desired reflected color of orange. It is noted from Fig. 8 A that spectral reflectance profile of the second reflective filter region 110 remains constant between about 20% and about 30% for wavelengths between about 450 nm and about 650 nm consistent with the desired reflected color of chrome like.
  • reference numeral 815 indicates the transmittance profile of the substrate alone without any reflective filter regions
  • reference numeral 820 indicates the transmittance profile of the first reflective filter region 105
  • the reference numeral 825 identifies the transmittance profile of the second reflective filter region 110. It is noted from Fig. 8B that the transmittance profile of the substrate alone without any reflective filter regions and the transmittance profile of the first reflective filter region 105 are substantially equal such that a difference in the transmittance at any wavelength in the visible spectral range between about 450 nm and about 650 nm between the substrate alone without any reflective filter regions and the first reflective filter region 105 is less than 10%.
  • a difference in the transmittance at any wavelength in the visible spectral range between about 450 nm and about 650 nm between the first and the second reflective filter regions 105 and 110 is also less than about 10% indicating that the transmittance through the first reflective filter region 105 and the second reflective filter region 110 is substantially similar.
  • the second reflective filter region 110 appears grey and has a CIE x value of 03031 and a CIE y value of 0.3287 and the first reflective filter region 105 appears yellow has a CIE x value of 0.383 and a CIE y value of 0.325. It is also noted from Fig. 8C that the chromaticity of the second reflective filter region 110 is closer to the white point (e.g., D65 white point).
  • Various embodiments disclosed herein can include more than two reflective filter regions.
  • various embodiments disclosed herein can include a third reflective filter region comprising a third optical stack.
  • the third reflective filter region can be spatially separated from the first and/or the second filter regions by a boundary.
  • the boundary between the third reflective filter region and the first and/or the second filter region can be sharp or fuzzy.
  • the boundary between the third reflective filter region and the first and/or the second filter region can have a width between 0 mm and about 5.0 mm.
  • the materials comprising the different layers of the third optical stack and/or the thickness of the different layer of the third optical stack can be selected such that light reflected from the third reflective filter region at an angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a third spectral reflectance profile associated with a third reflected color.
  • the third reflected color can be different from the first and the second reflected colors.
  • the reflectance of the third reflective filter region measured along a normal to a measurement region of the third reflective filter region can be uniform such that such that the third reflected color is uniform and does not vary across the third reflective filter region.
  • the luminous transmittance of the third filter region can be approximately similar to, or substantially equal to, the luminous transmittance of the first and the second filter regions.
  • the luminous transmittance of the third reflective filter region can be equal to the luminous transmittance of the first and/or second filter region.
  • a difference in the luminous transmittance of the third reflective filter region and the luminous transmittance of the first and/or second reflective filter region can be less than or equal to 35%, less than or equal to 30%, less than or equal to 25%, less than or equal to 20%, less than or equal to 15%, less than or equal to 10%, less than or equal to 7%, less than or equal to 5%, less than or equal to 4%, less than or equal to 3%, less than or equal to 2%, less than or equal to 1%, and/or greater than or equal to 0%.
  • the third optical stack can be configured such that a wearer wearing the eyewear does not perceive a difference in the amount of light transmitted through the third reflective filter region as compared to the light transmitted through the first and the second reflective filter region. Furthermore, the wearer wearing the eyewear does not perceive the color reflected by the third reflective filter region when viewing through the eyewear.
  • Various embodiments disclosed herein can include an eyewear comprising a unitary lens including a substrate having an anterior surface configured to receive incident ambient light and a posterior surface configured to transmit incident ambient light through the substrate.
  • the substrate comprises a first reflective filter comprising a first and a second optical stack disposed on a first portion of the anterior or posterior surface of the substrate; a second reflective filter comprising a first optical stack disposed on a second portion of the anterior or posterior surface of the substrate; and an absorptive optical filter.
  • Incident ambient light reflected by the first reflective filter at an angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a first spectral reflectance profile associated with a first reflected color.
  • Incident ambient light reflected by the second reflective filter at the angle ⁇ with respect to a normal to the substrate has a second spectral reflectance profile associated with a second reflected color.
  • a transmittance profile of the first reflective filter and a transmittance profile of the second reflective filter at wavelengths in the visible spectral range are configured such that a viewer viewing ambient light through the posterior surface of the substrate does not perceive a difference in the transmittance through the first and second reflective filters.
  • the absorptive optical filter can comprise an organic dye.
  • the organic dye can be a chroma-enhancement dye.
  • the absorptive optical filter can be configured to provide chroma enhancement in one or more chroma enhancement windows between about 440 nm and 510 nm, between about 450 nm and 480 nm, between about 460 nm and 495 nm, between about 540 nm and about 600 nm, between about 560 nm and 590 nm, between 570 nm and 600 nm, between about 610 nm and 630 nm, between about 620 nm and 650 nm, or values there between.
  • the absorptive optical filter can be configured to provide chroma enhancement in any spectral range of the visible spectrum.
  • the absorptive filter can be configured to provide a tint such that the viewer viewing ambient light through the posterior surface of the substrate can perceive a third color different from the first and the second reflected colors.
  • the substrate can be a laminate.
  • the first and/or the second reflective filter can be encapsulated in an optical medium.
  • a hard coat can be disposed over the first and/or the second reflective filters.
  • a laminate can be disposed over the first and/or the second reflective filters.
  • a hard coat can be disposed between the substrate and the first and/or the second reflective filters.
  • a hydrophobic coating or an oleo phobic coating can be disposed over the first and the second reflective filters.
  • the first and/or the second optical stack can comprise a dielectric layer having a finite dielectric constant. In various embodiments, the first and/or the second optical stack can each have zero (0) or one (1) metal layer.
  • the unitary lens can comprise a first ocular portion and a second ocular portion, each of the first and second ocular portions corresponding with a first and a second eye of a user of the eyewear.
  • the unitary lens can further comprise a first non-ocular portion disposed adjacent to the first ocular portion and away from a line of sight of the user and a second non-ocular portion disposed adjacent to the second ocular portion and away from a line of sight of the user.
  • the first and the second ocular portions can comprise the first reflective filter and the first and the second non-ocular portions can comprise the second reflective filter.
  • the first and the second reflective filter can have uniform reflectance measured along a normal to a measurement region of the first and the second reflective filters.
  • a transmittance profile of light transmitted through the first reflective filter can be approximately equal to a transmittance profile of light transmitted through the second reflective filter.
  • a distance between the first reflected color and the second reflected color in the CIE L*a*b* color space can be between about 9.0 and about 138.
  • the lens can comprise a substantially rigid material, such as, for example, polycarbonate or nylon.
  • the eyewear can further comprise a frame comprising ear stems or nose clips.
  • The can be at least semi rimless.
  • the non-ocular portion can be configured to give the appearance of a rim.
  • a boundary between the first and the second reflective filters can be sharp or fuzzy.
  • the width of the boundary between the first and the second filters can be between 0 and about 5.0 mm.
  • the first and the second ocular portions 107a and 107b of the unitary lens 101 can include the second reflective filter region and the non- ocular portions 109a and 109b can include the first reflective filter region.
  • the various innovative aspects discussed herein can be implemented in an eyewear including a single unitary lens disposed over both eyes, one or more non-unitary lenses disposed over one or both eyes, a first unitary lens disposed over one eye and a second unitary lens disposed over a second eye, or combinations of unitary and non-unitary lenses.
  • an optical filter can include any suitable combination of light attenuation features and that a combination of light-attenuating lens elements can combine to control the chroma of an image viewed through a lens.
  • structures that are described or illustrated as unitary or contiguous can be separated while still performing the function(s) of the unitary structure.
  • structures that are described or illustrated as separate can be joined or combined while still performing the function(s) of the separated structures.
  • the optical filters disclosed herein can be used in at least some lens configurations and/or optical systems besides lenses.

Abstract

Les modes de réalisation selon l'invention comprennent des lunettes comprenant un substrat et une première région filtrante réfléchissante et une seconde région réfléchissante disposées sur le substrat. Une lumière incidente réfléchie à un angle Θ par rapport à une normale au substrat de la première région filtrante réfléchissante présente un premier profil de réflectance spectrale associé à une première couleur réfléchie et une lumière incidente réfléchie à l'angle Θ par rapport à la normale au substrat depuis la seconde région filtrante réfléchissante présente un second profil de réflectance spectrale associé à une seconde couleur réfléchie. Les première et seconde couleurs réfléchies peuvent être différentes l'une de l'autre.
PCT/US2015/065311 2015-12-11 2015-12-11 Lunettes à filtres réfléchissants WO2017099800A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2015/065311 WO2017099800A1 (fr) 2015-12-11 2015-12-11 Lunettes à filtres réfléchissants

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2015/065311 WO2017099800A1 (fr) 2015-12-11 2015-12-11 Lunettes à filtres réfléchissants

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WO2017099800A1 true WO2017099800A1 (fr) 2017-06-15

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109211783A (zh) * 2017-07-04 2019-01-15 上海光音照明技术有限公司 一种光谱获取方法
US10976574B2 (en) 2010-04-15 2021-04-13 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement
US11048103B2 (en) 2014-11-13 2021-06-29 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with variable optical characteristics
US11112622B2 (en) 2018-02-01 2021-09-07 Luxottica S.R.L. Eyewear and lenses with multiple molded lens components
CN114730030A (zh) * 2019-11-25 2022-07-08 依视路国际公司 具有超颜色增强特性的太阳镜片

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US3432220A (en) * 1965-06-25 1969-03-11 Gilbert O Schreiner Device,variable-density stereoviewing spectacles
US5574517A (en) * 1994-12-21 1996-11-12 Top One Optic Technology Inc. Aid for color vision deficiencies
US5668618A (en) * 1993-07-20 1997-09-16 Killer Loop S.P.A. Multilayer lens particularly for sunglasses
WO2003058294A2 (fr) * 2002-01-10 2003-07-17 Intercast Europe S.P.A. Lentilles avec effet chromatique
WO2014022049A1 (fr) * 2012-07-30 2014-02-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Ensembles stables aux uv comprenant un film optique multicouche
WO2015170133A1 (fr) * 2014-05-05 2015-11-12 Essilor International (Compagnie Generale D'optique) Article optique comprenant un revêtement antireflet avec une très faible réflexion dans le visible et l'ultraviolet

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US3432220A (en) * 1965-06-25 1969-03-11 Gilbert O Schreiner Device,variable-density stereoviewing spectacles
US5668618A (en) * 1993-07-20 1997-09-16 Killer Loop S.P.A. Multilayer lens particularly for sunglasses
US5574517A (en) * 1994-12-21 1996-11-12 Top One Optic Technology Inc. Aid for color vision deficiencies
WO2003058294A2 (fr) * 2002-01-10 2003-07-17 Intercast Europe S.P.A. Lentilles avec effet chromatique
WO2014022049A1 (fr) * 2012-07-30 2014-02-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Ensembles stables aux uv comprenant un film optique multicouche
WO2015170133A1 (fr) * 2014-05-05 2015-11-12 Essilor International (Compagnie Generale D'optique) Article optique comprenant un revêtement antireflet avec une très faible réflexion dans le visible et l'ultraviolet

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10976574B2 (en) 2010-04-15 2021-04-13 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement
US11048103B2 (en) 2014-11-13 2021-06-29 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with variable optical characteristics
CN109211783A (zh) * 2017-07-04 2019-01-15 上海光音照明技术有限公司 一种光谱获取方法
US11112622B2 (en) 2018-02-01 2021-09-07 Luxottica S.R.L. Eyewear and lenses with multiple molded lens components
CN114730030A (zh) * 2019-11-25 2022-07-08 依视路国际公司 具有超颜色增强特性的太阳镜片

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