WO2017096911A1 - 适用于触发间隙的装置 - Google Patents

适用于触发间隙的装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017096911A1
WO2017096911A1 PCT/CN2016/090909 CN2016090909W WO2017096911A1 WO 2017096911 A1 WO2017096911 A1 WO 2017096911A1 CN 2016090909 W CN2016090909 W CN 2016090909W WO 2017096911 A1 WO2017096911 A1 WO 2017096911A1
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Prior art keywords
electrode
trigger
high voltage
ground electrode
crater
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French (fr)
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李志兵
张鹏飞
颜湘莲
刘北阳
王浩
何洁
徐晓东
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Priority to JP2018530715A priority Critical patent/JP2019500726A/ja
Publication of WO2017096911A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017096911A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/20—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap
    • H01T1/22—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap by the shape or the composition of the electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T14/00—Spark gaps not provided for in groups H01T2/00 - H01T13/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T15/00—Circuits specially adapted for spark gaps, e.g. ignition circuits

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of electrical appliances, and in particular, to a device for triggering a gap.
  • the trigger on-time can be shortened to tens of nanoseconds, the flow capacity can reach thousands of coulombs, and has a high withstand voltage level.
  • the trigger gap action time is much lower than the conventional switch, the controllability is strong, the technical performance is high, and it is easy to constitute a fast-closed switch, which can be used as a core device to form a special application, and solves many technical problems that the grid has been difficult to solve for a long time.
  • the high-power trigger gap is divided into vacuum and SF6 trigger gap, and the SF6 trigger gap can be applied with a higher voltage level.
  • the SF6 trigger gap mainly relies on the arc to achieve the flow, and the arc is generated to burn the electrode, which is more serious under high voltage and high current.
  • the arc is generated to burn the electrode, which is more serious under high voltage and high current.
  • it is necessary to try to make the arc formed between the electrodes quickly leave the place where it occurs and keep moving until it is extinguished.
  • the structure of the electrode and its flu-like magnetic field are the key factors affecting the arc motion characteristics.
  • the spiral groove contact structure of the vacuum circuit breaker is directly applied, which easily leads to insufficient pressure in the injection chamber, and the plasma jet
  • the jet height is not enough, the main gap is not easy to conduct, and the arc stagnation time after arcing is long, which will cause ablation at the center platform of the electrode.
  • the arc moves to the edge of the electrode, it will stagnate again, and the electrode edge will also have obvious melt marks. Will affect the electrical performance of the SF6 trigger gap.
  • embodiments of the present invention are intended to provide a device suitable for triggering a gap, including: a crater-type ground electrode truncated cone structure; a smooth transition high-voltage electrode boss structure; The arm structure; the electrode is provided with a stainless steel back plate; the small hole of the spray chamber can be protected from ablation, and the triggering performance of the gap can be ensured; the arc can be ablated to the center circular table of the high voltage electrode, and the flow capacity of the electrode can be improved; the mechanical strength of the electrode can be ensured.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a device suitable for triggering a gap, the device comprising: a trigger gap body (101), a trigger (102) and a control unit (103);
  • the trigger gap body (101) comprises: a high voltage sleeve a tube (3) and a discharge can (4); the top of the discharge can (4) is connected to the high voltage bushing (3), and the bottom is connected to the trigger (102); the outside of the discharge can (4) is provided with gas
  • the valve (5) and the rupture disk (6) are internally provided with a high voltage electrode (1) and a ground electrode (2) corresponding to the high voltage electrode (1).
  • the surface of the high voltage electrode (1) and the ground electrode (2) is provided with a groove (14) to form a spiral arm; the rotation angle of the spiral arm is 45 degrees, and the outer edges of the spiral arms are connected to each other.
  • the materials of the high voltage electrode (1) and the ground electrode (2) are both copper-tungsten alloys and have the same dimensions.
  • a stainless steel back plate (12) is provided on the back of the high voltage electrode (1) and the ground electrode (2).
  • the spiral arm of the high voltage electrode (1) is rotated in the same direction as the spiral arm of the ground electrode (2).
  • the control unit (103) receives the externally transmitted control signal and converts the control signal into an optical signal, which is transmitted through the optical fiber to the pre-stage flip-flop of the flip-flop (102).
  • the trigger (102) includes an isolation transformer, a front stage trigger, and a front stage trigger
  • the latter stage trigger is connected to the front stage trigger and the rear stage trigger; the rear stage trigger is connected to the trigger pin electrode (222) of the trigger gap body (101).
  • the crater-type ground electrode round table structure can protect the small holes of the spray chamber from ablation and ensure the triggering performance of the gap; and the smooth high-voltage electrode boss structure can reduce the arc to the high voltage
  • the center of the electrode is ablated to enhance the flow capacity of the electrode; the edge of the spiral arm structure can reduce the edge ablation of the electrode, improve the flow performance and overall mechanical strength of the electrode; and use the ground electrode and the high voltage electrode with stainless steel back plate The high mechanical strength of the stainless steel backing plate enhances the mechanical strength of the electrode.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus suitable for triggering a gap according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of a ground electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of a ground electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a front elevational view of a high voltage electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a bottom view of a high voltage electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the overall device for injecting the trigger gap includes a trigger gap body 101, a trigger 102, and a control unit 103.
  • the control unit 103 receives the externally transmitted control signal, converts the control signal into an optical signal, transmits it through the optical fiber, outputs it to the flip-flop 102, and controls the trigger 102 to trigger the conduction trigger gap body 101.
  • the flip flop 102 includes an isolation transformer, a front stage flip flop, and a post stage flip flop.
  • the isolation transformer supplies power to the front stage trigger and the rear stage trigger respectively.
  • the current stage trigger After receiving the trigger signal sent by the control unit 101, the current stage trigger outputs a pulse signal to discharge the rear stage trigger, and generates a high voltage pulse signal and applies it to the trigger gap body.
  • the trigger pin of the 101 is on the electrode 222.
  • the trigger gap body 101 is provided with a pair of main electrodes, which are a high voltage electrode 1 and a ground electrode 2, and an internal injection chamber 22 is embedded in the ground electrode 2.
  • main electrodes which are a high voltage electrode 1 and a ground electrode 2
  • an internal injection chamber 22 is embedded in the ground electrode 2.
  • the ground electrode 2 adopts a crater-type ground electrode truncated cone structure 21, wherein the ground electrode 2 is made of a copper-tungsten alloy, the inner circular table is hollow inside, and the insulating ring 221 forms a top opening of the injection cavity 22;
  • the shape is crater-like, and the injection cavity small hole 211 is located at the bottom center of the crater-type round table 21.
  • the insulation distance between the injection cavity small hole 211 of the crater-type electrode circular table and the high-voltage electrode 1 is larger, and the main gap insulation performance is ensured.
  • the outer shape of the truncated cone of the crater-type ground electrode truncated cone structure 21 is crater-like, that is, similar to the shape of the crater.
  • the high voltage electrode 1 adopts a smooth high voltage electrode boss 11 structure, wherein the high voltage electrode 1 and the ground electrode 2 have the same material and size, and are symmetrically mounted with the ground electrode 2 during operation; the center of the high voltage electrode 1 is designed to be smooth.
  • the structure of the boss 11 ensures uniform electric field and excellent insulation performance, and the arc is randomly generated on the surface of the boss after the main flow is triggered by the jet flow, and at the same time, the arc can be induced The boss moves rapidly toward the arm 13 to reduce ablation of the center platform.
  • the stainless steel back plate 12 is attached to the back surface of the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode, and the mechanical strength of the electrode is further improved while resisting the conductivity of the electrode, and the electric torque is resisted during the arcing process, thereby avoiding the twisting of the spiral arm.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种适用于触发间隙的装置，包括：触发间隙本体(101)、触发器(102)和控制单元(103)；触发间隙本体(101)包括：高压电极(1)和地电极(2)；地电极设有火山口式地电极圆台结构；高压电极设有平滑过渡的凸台结构；边缘搭接的旋臂结构；电极附不锈钢背板。

Description

适用于触发间隙的装置 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及电器技术领域，尤其涉及一种触发间隙的装置。
背景技术
在脉冲功率领域中，随着大功率触发间隙技术的发展，触发导通时间可以缩短到数十纳秒级，通流容量可以达到上千库伦，并且具有很高的耐压水平。触发间隙动作时间远低于常规开关，可控性强，技术性能高，容易构成快速闭合开关，可作为核心器件形成特殊应用，解决电网众多久难解决的技术问题。大功率触发间隙分为真空和SF6触发间隙两种，其中SF6触发间隙可应用较高电压等级。
SF6触发间隙主要依靠电弧实现通流，电弧的产生势必烧损电极，在高电压和大电流下更为严重。为了保证间隙具有稳定的动作特性和长的电气寿命，必须设法使电极间形成的电弧快速离开发生地且保持不断运动，直到熄灭。电极的结构及其通流感生磁场，是影响电弧运动特性的关键因素，在SF6触发间隙研制过程中，多直接套用真空断路器螺旋槽触头结构，容易导致喷射腔内压力不足，等离子体射流喷射高度不够，主间隙不易导通，起弧后电弧停滞时间长，会导致电极中心平台处烧蚀严重，当电弧运动至电极边缘会再次停滞，电极边缘亦会出现明显熔痕，上述现象无疑会影响SF6触发间隙电气性能的提升。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明实施例期望提供一种适用于触发间隙的装置，包括：火山口式地电极圆台结构；平滑过渡的高压电极凸台结构；边缘搭接的旋 臂结构；电极附不锈钢背板；可以保护喷射腔小孔免受烧蚀，保证间隙的触发性能；可以减轻电弧对高压电极中心圆台烧蚀，提升电极通流能力；可以保证电极机械强度。
本发明实施例提供一种适用于触发间隙的装置，所述装置包括：触发间隙本体(101)、触发器(102)和控制单元(103)；所述触发间隙本体(101)包括：高压套管(3)和放电罐(4)；所述放电罐(4)的顶部与高压套管(3)相连，底部与触发器(102)相连；所述放电罐(4)的外部设置有气阀(5)和防爆片(6)，内部设置有高压电极(1)和与高压电极(1)对应设置的地电极(2)。
所述高压电极(1)纵剖面中心区域为上部大下部小上下部之间平缓过渡的倒梯形。
所述地电极(2)纵剖面中心区域为火山口式圆台结构，所述地电极(2)的中心圆台内部中空，与所述地电极(2)内部的绝缘环(221)构成顶部开孔的喷射腔(22)；所述火山口式圆台结构的圆台外部形态呈火山口状，所述喷射腔(22)的喷射腔小孔(211)位于火山口式圆台底部中心位置；所述喷射腔小孔(211)顶部边沿与旋臂之间平缓过渡。
所述绝缘环(221)内部设有触发针电极(222)。
高压电极(1)和地电极(2)的表面设有开槽(14)，形成旋臂；所述旋臂的旋转角度为45度，所述旋臂的外部边沿相互连接。
高压电极(1)与地电极(2)的材质均为铜钨合金，且尺寸相同。
高压电极(1)与地电极(2)的背部均设有不锈钢背板(12)。
高压电极(1)的旋臂与地电极(2)的旋臂的旋转方向相同。
所述控制单元(103)接收到外部发送的控制信号，并将控制信号转换成光信号，通过光纤传输出给触发器(102)的前级触发器。
所述触发器(102)包括隔离变压器、前级触发器和与前级触发器相连 的后级触发器；所述隔离变压器分别与前级触发器和后级触发器相连；所述后级触发器与触发间隙本体(101)的触发针电极(222)相连。
在本发明实施例提供的技术方案，通过火山口式地电极圆台结构，可以保护喷射腔小孔免受烧蚀，保证间隙的触发性能；利用平滑的高压电极凸台结构，可以减轻电弧对高压电极中心圆台烧蚀，提升电极通流能力；利用边缘搭接的旋臂结构，可以减轻电极边缘烧蚀，提升电极通流性能和整体机械强度；并且利用地电极及高压电极均附不锈钢背板，利用不锈钢背板的高机械强度提升了电极机械强度。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的适用于触发间隙的装置的结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例提供的地电极正视示意图。
图3为本发明实施例提供的地电极仰视示意图。
图4为本发明实施例提供的高压电极正视示意图。
图5为本发明实施例提供的高压电极仰视图。
其中：101-触发间隙本体；102-触发器；103-控制单元；1-高压电极；2-地电极；3-高压套管；4-放电罐；5-气阀；6-防爆片；11-凸台；12-不锈钢背板；13-边缘搭接的旋臂；14-开槽；21-火山口式圆台；22-喷射腔；211-喷射腔小孔；212-顶部边沿；213-平缓过渡区；221绝缘环；222-触发针电极。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细描述，应当理解，以下所说明的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
根据图1所示，喷射触发间隙整体装置包括：触发间隙本体101、触发器102和控制单元103。
控制单元103接收到外部发送的控制信号，并将控制信号转换成光信号，通过光纤传输，输出给触发器102，并控制触发器102触发导通触发间隙本体101。
触发器102包括隔离变压器、前级触发器和后级触发器。隔离变压器分别为前级触发器和后级触发器供电，当前级触发器接收到控制单元101发送的触发信号后，输出脉冲信号使后级触发器放电，产生高压脉冲信号并施加到触发间隙本体101的触发针电极上222。
触发间隙本体101设有一对主电极，为高压电极1和地电极2，地电极2内部嵌入一个喷射腔22。当触发针电极222接收到触发器102输出的触发脉冲信号时，喷射腔22内发生放电，产生大量等离子体并注入由高压电极1和地电极2构成的主间隙中，引发主间隙导通。
根据图2所示，地电极2采用火山口式地电极圆台结构21，其中，地电极2材质为铜钨合金，中心圆台内部中空，与绝缘环221构成顶部开孔的喷射腔22；圆台外部形态呈火山口状，喷射腔小孔211位于火山口式圆台21底部中心位置，火山口式地电极圆台的喷射腔小孔211与高压电极1间的绝缘距离更大，保证了主间隙绝缘性能，小孔喷射等离子体触通主间隙后，电弧易于圆台顶部边沿与上电极间产生；圆台顶部边沿与电极旋臂之间进行平缓过渡处理，易于电弧向旋臂方向运动。这里的火山口式地电极圆台结构21的圆台外部形态呈火山口状，即与火山口的形状相似。
根据图4所示，高压电极1采用平滑的高压电极凸台11结构，其中，高压电极1与地电极2材质、尺寸相同，工作过程中与地电极2对称安装；高压电极1中心设计成平滑的凸台11结构，保证电场均匀，绝缘性能优良，喷流触发主间隙后电弧在凸台表面随机产生，与此同时，还可诱导电弧由 凸台迅速向旋臂13运动，从而减轻对中心平台的烧蚀。
根据图3、图5所示，高压电极1和地电极2表面均做开槽13处理，形成8只旋臂13，每只旋臂13旋转角度为45度，高压电极1和地电极2安装后，旋臂13的旋转方向相同，以确保在导通电流时形成旋转电弧。高压电极1和地电极2均采用边缘搭接的旋臂13结构，一方面引导电弧在电极边缘高速旋转，减轻电极烧蚀，另一方面将8只旋臂13形成整体，提升电极机械强度。
高压电极和地电极的背面均附装不锈钢背板12，在不影响电极导流性能的同时，进一步提升电极机械强度，抵抗燃弧过程中电动扭力，避免出现旋臂扭断现象。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡按照本发明原理所作的修改，都应当理解为落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种适用于触发间隙的装置，所述装置包括：触发间隙本体(101)、触发器(102)和控制单元(103)；所述触发间隙本体(101)包括：高压套管(3)和放电罐(4)；所述放电罐(4)的顶部与高压套管(3)相连，底部与触发器(102)相连；所述放电罐(4)的外部设置有气阀(5)和防爆片(6)，内部设置有高压电极(1)和与高压电极(1)对应设置的地电极(2)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中：所述高压电极(1)纵剖面中心区域为上部大下部小上下部之间平缓过渡的倒梯形。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中：所述地电极(2)纵剖面中心区域为火山口式圆台结构，所述地电极(2)的中心圆台内部中空，与所述地电极(2)内部的绝缘环(221)构成顶部开孔的喷射腔(22)；所述火山口式圆台结构的圆台外部形态呈火山口状，所述喷射腔(22)的喷射腔小孔(211)位于火山口式圆台底部中心位置；所述喷射腔小孔(211)顶部边沿与旋臂之间平缓过渡。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的装置，其中：所述绝缘环(221)内部设有触发针电极(222)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中：所述高压电极(1)和地电极(2)的表面设有开槽(14)，形成旋臂；所述旋臂的旋转角度为45度，所述旋臂的外部边沿相互连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中：所述高压电极(1)与地电极(2)的材质均为铜钨合金，且尺寸相同。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中：所述高压电极(1)与地电极(2)的背部均设有不锈钢背板(12)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中：所述高压电极(1)的旋臂与 地电极(2)的旋臂的旋转方向相同。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中：所述控制单元(103)接收到外部发送的控制信号，并将控制信号转换成光信号，通过光纤传输出给触发器(102)的前级触发器。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中：所述触发器(102)包括隔离变压器、前级触发器和与前级触发器相连的后级触发器；所述隔离变压器分别与前级触发器和后级触发器相连；所述后级触发器与触发间隙本体(101)的触发针电极(222)相连。
PCT/CN2016/090909 2015-12-10 2016-07-21 适用于触发间隙的装置 Ceased WO2017096911A1 (zh)

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CN108322988B (zh) * 2018-04-12 2024-07-16 西安交通大学 一种适用于柔性直流输电直流断路器的换流开关装置
CN110913555B (zh) * 2019-12-06 2021-02-26 西安交通大学 等离子体喷射开关
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