WO2017095365A1 - Commutation de mode à longue et courte portée - Google Patents

Commutation de mode à longue et courte portée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017095365A1
WO2017095365A1 PCT/US2015/062923 US2015062923W WO2017095365A1 WO 2017095365 A1 WO2017095365 A1 WO 2017095365A1 US 2015062923 W US2015062923 W US 2015062923W WO 2017095365 A1 WO2017095365 A1 WO 2017095365A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
management signal
communication mode
signal
management
busy tone
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2015/062923
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Wessam Afifi Ahmed
Enrico-Henrik Rantala
Esa Juhani Tuomaala
Sayantan Choudhury
Mika Kasslin
Jarkko Kneckt
Janne Marin
Olli Alanen
Original Assignee
Nokia Technologies Oy
Nokia Usa, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Technologies Oy, Nokia Usa, Inc. filed Critical Nokia Technologies Oy
Priority to PCT/US2015/062923 priority Critical patent/WO2017095365A1/fr
Publication of WO2017095365A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017095365A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/0069—Allocation based on distance or geographical location
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/18—Selecting a network or a communication service
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals

Definitions

  • Wireless networks that may be configured to communicate with a number of different types of wireless devices at different positions are one type of wireless network in which such improvements are needed.
  • a recipient device such as an access point, may be configured to communicate with sender devices (SDs) that are in one of two or more modes.
  • the RD may be configured to communicate with an SD in a long range mode and a short range mode.
  • the RD may allocate a transmission opportunity for devices communicating via long range transmissions, which may be referred to as a check long range transmission opportunity. If the RD detects a signal in the transmission opportunity, the RD may transmit a long range management signal to the device, such as a beacon.
  • the SD may periodically determine whether short range communications can be maintained with the RD, and the SD may remain in the long range mode or enter the short range mode based on the determination.
  • the RD may transmit management signals, such as a long range management signal.
  • the RD may transmit contiguous management signals, a noncontiguous, or partitioned, management signal, or combinations thereof.
  • the RD may transmit contiguous management signals and non-contiguous management signals periodically, where the non-contiguous management signals are transmitted more frequently than the contiguous management signal.
  • the RD may rank portions of the management signal, and transmit the portions, i.e., noncontiguous management signals, at intervals determined based on the rankings.
  • the RD may transmit the contiguous management signal at a set interval.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a diagram of an example communication system in which one or more embodiments may be implemented.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a diagram of device ranges according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a spectrum use diagram according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a spectrum use diagram of a short range mode and a long range mode according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a state diagram of a recipient device according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • Figure 6 is a flow diagram of a method for long range and short range communications according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a table for recording connection status according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a state diagram of a sender device according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • Figure 9A is a flow diagram of a method for communicating in a plurality of modes according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • Figure 9B is a flow diagram of a method for communicating in a first or second communication mode according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • Figure 10 is a flow diagram of a method for transmitting management signals according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a diagram of management signal transmissions according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • Figure 12 illustrates a table of management signal rankings according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • Figure 13 illustrates a block diagram of an example communication device according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • a recipient device (RD) and a sender device (SD) may communicate via wireless communications.
  • an access point may communicate with a station in a wireless local area network, such as a device in a Basic Service Set (BSS) in IEEE 802.11 based technologies.
  • BSS Basic Service Set
  • the RD may be an access point and the SD may be a station.
  • the RD and the SD may communicate in one of a plurality of modes.
  • the RD and the SD may communicate in either a long range mode or a short range mode.
  • the recipient device may communicate in a smaller portion of a spectrum than in the short range mode.
  • an RD may be configured to communicate in only a long range mode or only a short range mode.
  • the long range mode may be less spectrum efficient but may be able to communicate with devices that are further away, i.e., have a better range.
  • the RD and the SD may communicate in a long range mode, a middle range mode, and a short range mode.
  • SDs or RDs may comprise low power devices, such as wearable devices, that use wireless networks (e.g., Wi-Fi based networks) to transmit and receive data. These low power devices may be referred to as narrow band (NB) devices, or NB stations. NB devices may have limited power budgets. Thus, it may be desirable to minimize operations for NB devices that are in an awake state to conserve power.
  • NB device may comprise a sensor, and it may be desirable to conserve power so that the NB device is replaced or recharged less frequently.
  • an NB device may communicate on a subchannel (e.g., a 2 MHz subchannel).
  • the subchannel may be an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) subchannel.
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access
  • the NB device may coexist with devices operating on a channel (e.g., 20 MHz channels).
  • the devices operating on the channel may be referred to as legacy devices.
  • the above bandwidth values are examples, and are not intended to be limiting.
  • subchannel bandwidth may have a value within range 0.1 MHz...5 MHz
  • channel bandwidth may have a value within a range 4 MHz...80 MHz, as examples.
  • a term "channel” refers to a frequency resource in a frequency spectrum.
  • the channel may be a channel for a wireless local area network according to IEEE 802.11 technologies.
  • the channel may be a frequency resource covering a certain bandwidth, e.g., 20 Mhz.
  • a term "subchannel" refers to a frequency resource within the channel.
  • the subchannel may cover a subband of the channel bandwidth. As an example, if the bandwidth of the channel is 20 MHz, the channel may comprise 10 subchannels, each of the subchannels having a bandwidth of 2 MHz.
  • the RD may be configured to communicate with devices that are in a legacy mode, a long range NB mode, and/or a short range NB mode.
  • the RD may determine whether it should operate in the long range mode or short range mode based on signals received from SDs communicating with the RD. For example, if one or more of the SDs communicating with the RD is operating in a long range mode, then the RD may operate in a long range mode.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram of an example communication system in which one or more embodiments may be implemented.
  • a network 100 may include multiple RDs (e.g., access points) 130 and 131 and a number of SDs (e.g., wireless stations) 105, 110, 115, 120, 140, and 150.
  • the SD 150 may comprise a gateway device, such as a smart phone device, that communicates with a wearable device 140.
  • the wearable device 140 may communicate with the SD 150 over a long range mode or short range mode as described in figures 6, 9A, and 9B.
  • the wearable device 140 may be an NB device.
  • NB devices may use OFDMA subchannels (e.g., sub-20 MHz OFDMA subchannels) to transmit, receive, and listen.
  • the wearable device 140 may use a 2 MHz wide OFDMA subchannel.
  • the maximum bandwidth of a subchannel may be a multiple of 2 MHz, though other bandwidths are possible.
  • the connection between the SD 150 and wearable device 140 may form a Body Area Network (BAN).
  • the SD 150 may act as an access point for communications between the SD 150 and the wearable device 140.
  • the SD 150 may also act as a sender device for communications between the SD 150 and the RD 131.
  • Data transmitted from the wearable device 140 may be communicated to and stored local in an SD, such as the SD 150, or in a cloud system (e.g., remote data storage accessible over a network).
  • the wearable device 140 may comprise sensors, a processor, such as a microprocessor, and a radio, such as a Wi-Fi radio or Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) radio.
  • BLE Bluetooth Low Energy
  • the device 140 is described as a wearable device, it should be understood that other types of devices may be used, such as devices that might not be wearable (e.g., devices that comprise the Internet of things (IoT), such as home automation devices (e.g., Internet connected alarm system, garage door opener, sprinkler system, etc.), or devices that implement machine to machine (M2M) technologies, such as cargo tracking devices, etc.).
  • the wearable device 140 may comprise an on-body, off-body, or in-body sensor.
  • Each RD may be associated with a plurality of SDs to form a group of devices that communicate together (e.g., an independent or infrastructure basic service set (BSS)).
  • BSS infrastructure basic service set
  • RD 130 and SDs 110 and 120 may form a first communication group (i.e., a first BSS) and RD 131 and SDs 105, 115, and 150 may form a second communication group (i.e., a second BSS).
  • the RD of each communication group may cover different geographical areas (e.g., basic service areas (BSAs)
  • the communication groups may also cover some common locations such that the communication groups are overlapping (e.g., overlapping BSS (OBSS)).
  • BSAs basic service areas
  • OBSS overlapping BSS
  • an SD may be associated with one RD, but be within communication range of another RD such that it could switch from the first communication group to the second communication group.
  • devices may be described herein as a sender device or a recipient device for convenience, such devices may be capable of bi-directional data transmissions and may include transceivers as opposed to just transmitters or receivers. These devices described as sender devices and recipient devices may switch roles to operate as recipient devices and sender devices respectively to support other data transactions in various embodiments (e.g., downlink transmissions from an access point to a station, broadcast transmissions from a central device to multiple remote devices, etc.).
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a diagram 200 of device ranges according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • SDs 210-214 are positioned at various distances from the RD 130 located at the center of the diagram.
  • SDs 211, 212, and 214 are within a short enough range from the RD 130 that they may communicate with the RD 130 in a short range mode.
  • SDs 210 and 213 are positioned further away from the RD 130, and may communicate with the RD 130 in a long range mode.
  • the SDs 210 and 213 might not be able to communicate with the RD 130 via short range communications because of the distance between the SDs 210 and 213 and the RD 130. For example, the distance may be greater than a threshold distance for short range communications.
  • the SDs 210 or 213 were to be moved closer to the RD 130, then the SD that moved closer could transition to a short range mode and communicate with the RD 130 via short range communications. Also, if one of the SDs 211, 212, or 214 were to move further from the RD 130, then the SD that moved further could transition to a long range mode to maintain communications with the RD 130 via long range communications.
  • the SDs 210-214 may be NB devices. Although figure 2 illustrates a short range region and a long range region, any number of modes and regions may be used for communications between SDs and RDs.
  • Short range transmission 310 is an example of a transmission emitted by at least one SD or at least one RD operating in a short range mode.
  • the short range transmission 310 may comprise multiple NB transmissions that are cascaded in the frequency domain.
  • each NB transmission in the short range transmission 310 may comprise a 2 Mhz subchannel, and the total channel bandwidth may comprise 20 Mhz.
  • the NB transmissions of the short range transmission 310 may be transmitted by a single transmitter, i.e., an SD or RD, or by a plurality of transmitters, i.e., a plurality of SDs.
  • Long range transmission 320 is an example of a transmission emitted by an SD or an RD operating in a long range mode.
  • the SDs 211, 212, and 214 may communicate with the RD 130 using short range transmissions 310, and the SDs 210 and 213 may communicate with the RD 130 using long range transmissions 320.
  • the RD when an RD is operating in a long range mode, the RD may also occasionally transmit short range transmissions 310.
  • the RD when an RD is operating in a short range mode, the RD may occasionally also transmit long range transmissions 310. These implementations may enable SDs of both short range mode and long range mode to maintain synchronization and/or association with the RD.
  • the long range transmission 320 comprises a single transmission having a 2 Mhz subchannel width or other bandwidth less than the full 20 MHz channel width.
  • the long range transmission 320 may be a same or similar amount of power as the total amount of power emitted during the short range transmission 310.
  • the long range transmission 320 may have more power concentrated in a smaller frequency range.
  • a same or similar amount of power may be used for the 2 Mhz wide long range transmission 320 and the 20 Mhz wide short range transmission 310.
  • the long range transmission 320 may have a longer range, i.e., be capable of being received at a greater distance, than the short range transmission 310.
  • a number of subchannels used during long range transmissions may be one.
  • a number of subchannels used when operating in a first communication mode is greater than a number of subchannels used when operating in a second communication mode. If communications on the first communication mode and communications on the second communication mode are configured to be performed according to a same maximum allowed transmission power, then communications on the second communication mode may cover a larger geographic area than communications on the first communication mode. Thus, the second communication mode may be configured to communicate over a longer distance than the first communication mode.
  • the maximum allowed transmission power may be defined by a regulatory domain. This is because communications performed based on the maximum allowed transmission power concentrated in a smaller frequency bandwidth may be decodable farther from the transmitter when compared to communications performed based on the maximum allowed transmission power concentrated in a larger frequency bandwidth.
  • the first communication mode may be referred to as a short range communication mode or short range transmission mode and the second communication mode may be referred to as a long range communication mode or long range transmission mode.
  • the short range boundary in Fig. 2 between the short range mode and the long range mode may be the distance at which a short range communication between the SD and RD is decodable by the receiving device. While this boundary is illustrated as a circle in figure 2 (assuming the same signal attenuation in all directions), various embodiments may have irregular short range boundaries due to different attenuations in different directions (e.g., due to structures, geography, environment, etc.).
  • the long range transmission 320 may be less spectrum efficient than the short range transmission 310 because the long range transmission 320 may use only a portion of the spectrum used by the short range transmission 310. Thus, more information may be transmitted in a period of time by the short range transmission 310 than the long range transmission 320.
  • the short range transmission 310 is illustrated as being 20 Mhz wide, and the long range transmission 320 is illustrated as being 2 Mhz wide, various embodiments include transmissions 310 and 320 having other widths.
  • the transmissions 310 and 320 could be 16 Mhz, 8 Mhz, 4 Mhz, or any other width.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a diagram 400 of a short range mode and a long range mode transmissions according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • a short range management signal 410 is transmitted.
  • the short range management signal may be a beacon having a width of 20 Mhz.
  • the short range management signal 410 may comprise a management signal that is contiguous in frequency.
  • the short range management signal 410 may comprise a plurality of fields, and the fields may be contiguous in frequency, i.e., distributed among a plurality of subchannels.
  • the short range management signal 410 may be transmitted periodically.
  • a check long range transmission opportunity 420 occurs after the short range management signal 410.
  • SDs may transmit signals to indicate that they are operating in long range mode.
  • an SD may transmit a busy tone (BT) signal in a busy tone slot during the check long range transmission opportunity 420 to indicate that the SD is operating in long range mode.
  • An SD may transmit the BT signal in response to receiving the short range management signal 410.
  • an RD may monitor the frequency range of the check long range transmission opportunity 420 to determine whether any SDs are operating in long range mode. In the illustrated check long range transmission opportunity 420, no signals were transmitted by an SD or received by the RD.
  • Long range indicators 440-42 may comprise a transmission that indicates one or more target wait times (TWTs) for short range management signals 411-13.
  • the long range indicators 440-42 may be a periodic narrowband transmission.
  • the long range indicators 440-42 may comprise a media access control (MAC) frame having a MAC header, a frame body with one or more TWTs of short range management signals, and a frame check sequence (FCS) field.
  • MAC media access control
  • FCS frame check sequence
  • the long range indicators 440-41 may refer to upcoming short range management signals, such as short range management signal 412, based on the short range management signal being followed by a check long range transmission opportunity.
  • the long range indicators 440-42 might not refer to short range management signals that are not followed by a check long range transmission opportunity, such as short range management signals 411 and 413.
  • the long range indicators 440-42 may refer to upcoming short range management signals 411-13 regardless of whether the short range management signals 411-13 are followed by check long range transmission opportunities.
  • the long range indicators 440-42 may indicate, for each TWT, whether or not the short range management signal 411-13 corresponding to that TWT will be followed by a check long range transmission opportunity.
  • Short range management signal 412 is followed by a check long range transmission opportunity 430.
  • two signals represented in the diagram 400 by the letter 'X'
  • the signals received during the check long range transmission opportunity 430 indicate that two SDs are communicating in long range mode.
  • the signals received by an RD during the check long range transmission opportunity 430 may correspond to a correlatable sequence.
  • the RD may be able to remove the correlatable sequence from any noise or interference.
  • the correlatable sequence may be used to reduce or eliminate the detection of false positives. False positives may occur when an RD detects that signals were transmitted during a check long range transmission opportunity 430, but no SDs transmitted BTs during the check long range transmission opportunity 430.
  • the RD that receives the signals during the check long range transmission opportunity 430 may compare an energy level of the signals to a threshold energy level, in order to determine whether at least one SD transmitted signals during the check long range transmission opportunity 430. In this implementation, the RD might not determine a number of SDs that transmitted signals during the check long range transmission opportunity 430.
  • the threshold energy level may be a preset or predetermined energy level.
  • a long range contiguous management signal 450 may be transmitted.
  • the long range contiguous management signal 450 may be contiguous in time.
  • the long range contiguous management signal 450 may be an NB beacon.
  • the illustrated long range contiguous management signal 450 is contiguous, in some implementations only a portion of the long range management signal 450 may be transmitted.
  • Figure 10 further described below, describes a method for transmitting portions of a management signal.
  • the 410 and 411, 411 and 412, and 412 and 413, may be referred to as a short range management signal interval.
  • the short range management signal interval may be constant or may change. For example, an amount of time between signals 410 and
  • An amount of time between the indicators 440-42 may be referred to as an indicator interval.
  • the indicator interval may be constant or may change.
  • An amount of time between check long range transmission opportunities 420 and 430 may be referred to as a check long range transmission opportunity interval.
  • the signals illustrated in the diagram 400 may be transmitted in a different order or at different frequencies.
  • a check long range transmission opportunity may occur after every short range management signal.
  • a check long range transmission opportunity may occur after some but not all short range management signals.
  • indicators 440-42 may be transmitted less frequently than short range management signals.
  • the sequence and interval of the messages illustrated in the diagram 400 may be determined by an RD.
  • the sequence of the messages or the intervals may be determined by the RD based on statistics or real-time updates regarding the number of devices connected to the RD, the traffic load of the RD, or other parameters.
  • the timing of the various illustrated transmissions may be based on a known communication time of a device. For example, an SD may transmit data at a same time every hour or every day or other periodic time interval, and the RD may know this time and schedule transmissions accordingly.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a state diagram 500 of a recipient device according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • the state diagram 500 may correspond to an RD configured to communicate with NB devices.
  • the state diagram 500 may correspond to an RD implementing method 600, described in figure 6.
  • the RD may be in either the short range mode 510 or long range mode 520. While in the short range mode 510, an RD may remain in the short range mode 510 when no transmissions are detected in a check long range transmission opportunity. For example, after the check long range transmission opportunity 420 the RD may remain in the short range mode 510. When a transmission is detected in a check long range transmission opportunity, then the RD may enter long range mode 520. For example, after the check long range transmission opportunity 430, the RD may transition from the short range mode 510 to the long range mode 520.
  • the RD may determine whether any SDs communicating with the RD are in long range mode. For example, the RD may check an association table to determine whether the association tables contains one or more long range identifiers. The long range identifiers may indicate that an SD is communicating with the RD via long range transmissions. If the RD determines that an SD is communicating with the RD via long range transmissions, the RD may remain in long range mode. If the RD determines that no SDs are communicating with the RD via long range transmissions, then the RD may transition from the long range mode 520 to the short range mode 510.
  • the RD may communicate using both long range transmissions and short range transmissions.
  • the RD when the RD is in short range mode 510, the RD is restricted from communicating via long range transmissions. For example, while in the long range mode 520, the RD may transmit both short range management signals 410-413 and long range management signal 450. In this example, while in the short range mode 510, the RD might not transmit the long range management signal 450.
  • Figure 6 is a flow diagram of a method 600 for long range and short range communications according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • the method 600 or one or more steps thereof may be performed by one or more computing devices or entities.
  • portions of the method 600 may be performed by components of the device 1312, described in figure 13, or one or more of the devices 105-50, described in figure 1.
  • the method 600 or one or more steps thereof may be embodied in computer-executable instructions that are stored in a computer-readable medium, such as a non-transitory computer-readable medium.
  • the steps in method 600 might not all be performed in the order specified and some steps may be omitted or changed in order.
  • a device may be in short range mode.
  • an RD 130 or 131 may be in the short range mode 510.
  • periodic check long range transmission opportunities may be allocated.
  • a time such as a TWT, for check long range transmission opportunities 420 and 430 may be indicated in the long range indicators 440-42.
  • the frequency range of the check long range transmission opportunity may be preset or may be transmitted.
  • it may be determined whether a transmission was detected during the check long range transmission opportunity. For example, an RD 130 or 131 may determine whether a signal, e.g., a BT, was transmitted by an SD during the check long range transmission opportunity.
  • the energy level received during the check long range transmission opportunity may be compared to a threshold energy level.
  • the threshold energy level may be preset, so that a detected energy level above the threshold corresponds to a determination that a signal has been received during the check long range transmission opportunity.
  • correctable codes may be detected during the check long range transmission opportunity.
  • step 605. If a transmission is not detected during the long range transmission opportunity, then the method 600 may continue to step 605. Thus, if no transmission is detected during the long range transmission opportunity, the device may remain in short range mode.
  • the method 600 may continue to step 620.
  • the device enters the long range mode. For example, at step 620, the device may enter the long range mode 520 in response to detecting a transmission in the check long range transmission opportunity.
  • a long range contiguous management signal may be transmitted.
  • the long range management signal 450 may be transmitted at step 625.
  • a long range NB beacon may be transmitted at step 625.
  • one or more long range non-contiguous management signals may be transmitted.
  • Non-contiguous management signals are further described below in figures 10-12.
  • steps 625 and 630 may be performed repeatedly and in any order. It should be understood that step 630 is optional.
  • a device might not transmit non-contiguous management signals. In this example, the device may transmit only long range contiguous management signals.
  • step 635 it may be determined whether communications are being maintained with any devices in long range mode.
  • table 700 described below, may be maintained by an RD and analyzed by the RD to determine whether any devices are communicating with the RD via long range communications.
  • the method 600 may proceed to step 605. For example, if an SD is communicating with an RD via long range communications, but then the SD is moved closer to the RD, the SD may transition from long range mode to short range mode, and the RD may transition from long range mode to short range mode in response to the SD communicating via short range communications.
  • the method 600 may proceed to step 620 and remain in long range mode. As described above, while in the long range mode, communications may be maintained with devices that are in short range mode and with devices that are in long range mode.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a table 700 for recording connection status according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • the table 700 is an example of a table that might be maintained by an RD or another device to record data regarding SDs connected to the RD.
  • the first column of the table 700 indicates an ID for each SD connected to the RD. The ID may be assigned by the RD, or provided by the SD.
  • the second column of the table 700 indicates an address of each RD connected to the SD.
  • the addresses in figure 7 correspond to the reference numbers used in figure 2.
  • the address in figure 7 might be an IP address or a MAC address of an SD.
  • the third column of the table 700 indicates a time to live (TTL) of each SD connected to the RD.
  • the TTL may indicate an amount of time until an SD is disassociated from the RD if no signals are received, by the RD, from the SD.
  • the TTL may be based on a threshold amount of time for inactivity, such as a preset or predetermined threshold amount of time. For example, if the SD is inactive for a period of time greater than the threshold amount of time, the RD may remove the SD from the table 700.
  • the fourth column of the table 700 indicates a long range indicator.
  • the long range indicator may comprise one bit.
  • the fourth column indicates that the SDs 210 and 213 are in long range mode and the SDs 211, 212, and 214 are in short range mode. If an RD is in the long range mode 520, and the table 700 does not indicate that there are any SDs communicating with the RD, then the RD may enter the short range mode 510.
  • FIG 8 illustrates a state diagram 800 of a sender device according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • the state diagram 800 may correspond to an NB SD, such as one of the SDs 105, 110, 115, 120, 140, or 150.
  • the state diagram 800 may correspond to an SD implementing method 900, described below in figures 9A and 9B.
  • the SD may be in either a short range mode 810 or long range mode 820. While in the short range mode 810, the SD may communicate with an RD via short range transmissions.
  • the SD may remain in the short range mode 810 while short range management signals are decodable. For example, if the short range management signals 410-13 can be decoded by the SD, then the SD may remain in the short range mode 810.
  • the SD may transition to the long range mode 820. For example, if the SD 211, as illustrated in figure 2, is moved from the short range region to the long range region, then the SD 211 might not receive the short range management signal and thus may transition from the short range mode 810 to the long range mode 820. While in the long range mode 820, the SD may communicate with the RD via long range transmissions. While the short range management signals transmitted by the RD cannot be decoded by the SD the SD may remain in the long range mode 820. If the SD can decode one of the short range management signals, then the SD may transition back to short range mode 810. For example, if the SD 210, as illustrated in figure 2, is moved from the long range region to the short range region, then the SD 210 may transition from the long range mode 820 to the short range mode 810.
  • Figure 9A is a flow diagram of a method 900 for communicating in a plurality of modes according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • the method 900 or one or more steps thereof may be performed by one or more computing devices or entities.
  • portions of the method 900 may be performed by components of the device 1312, described in figure 13, or one or more of the devices 105-50, described in figure 1.
  • the method 900 or one or more steps thereof may be embodied in computer-executable instructions that are stored in a computer-readable medium, such as a non-transitory computer-readable medium.
  • the steps in method 900 might not all be performed in the order specified and some steps may be omitted or changed in order.
  • a long range indicator may be received.
  • the long range indicator 440 may be received.
  • the long range indicator may comprise an NB beacon or a portion of the NB beacon.
  • the long range indicator may indicate a scheduled time for a short range management signal, such as one of the short range management signals 410-13.
  • the scheduled time for the short range management signal may be a TWT.
  • the scheduled time may comprise a scheduled start time for transmitting the short range management signal.
  • the scheduled time may comprise both a scheduled start time and a scheduled duration for transmitting the short range management signal.
  • a device may optionally wake at the indicated time for the short range management signal and attempt to receive, i.e., listen for, the short range management signal. For example, one of the short range management signals 410-13 may be received at step 910.
  • the short range management signal may be decoded, if received. If the short range management signal is decodable, then the method may return to step 910 and wait for the next scheduled short range management signal. Returning to step 910 may correspond to entering or remaining in the short range mode 810. In one embodiment, entering or remaining in the short range mode 810 may comprise transmitting and receiving frames according to short range mode before receiving a next scheduled short range management signal. [68] If the short range management signal is not detected or decodable at step 915, the method may proceed to step 920.
  • a device may be prevented from transmitting a signal during a busy tone slot, such as during a check long range transmission opportunity. For example, if the short range management signal is not received at step 915, then the method may proceed to step 920. Proceeding to step 920 from step 915 may correspond to entering the long range mode 820.
  • a check long range transmission opportunity may be accessed. For example, a BT signal may be transmitted during a busy tone slot, such as a check long range transmission opportunity. The check long range transmission opportunity may be accessed in response to failing to decode the short range management signal.
  • a counter may be initialized. For example, a counter maintained by an SD may be initialized to zero and started.
  • one or more long range management signals may be received, and the counter may be incremented in response to receiving a long range management signal.
  • the long range management signal 450 may be received at step 930.
  • the management signal received at step 930 may be contiguous or non-contiguous. For example, a portion of the long range management signal 450 may be received at step 930.
  • step 935 it may be determined whether the counter value is greater than a threshold.
  • the threshold may be a preset or predetermined value. If the counter is not greater than the threshold, the device may remain in long range mode and return to step 930.
  • the counter may be reset or deactivated at step 940. Then, at step 945, the device may wake at a scheduled time to attempt to receive a short range management signal. The scheduled time may have been communicated in a long range indicator or in long range management signal. Actions performed at step 945 may be similar to those performed at step 910. At step 950, it may be determined whether the short range management signal is detected or decodable. Actions performed at step 950 may be similar to those performed at step 915.
  • the method 900 may return to step 925.
  • the device may remain in the long range mode 820.
  • the method 900 may proceed to step 955.
  • the device may transition from the long range mode 820 to the short range mode 810.
  • a signal may be transmitted indicating that the device is entering the short range mode 810.
  • Figure 9B is a flow diagram of a method 960 for communicating in a first or second communication mode according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • a first management signal may be received.
  • the first management signal may indicate a time for a second management signal, where the second management signal corresponds to a first communication mode.
  • the first communication mode may be a short range mode.
  • the first management signal may comprise a long range indicator, such as the long range indicator 440.
  • the second management signal may comprise a short range management signal, such as the short range management signals 410-13.
  • step 965 it may be determined whether the second management signal is detected or decodable. For example, it may be determined whether or not a computing device is able to decode, or receive at the time indicated in the first management signal, the second management signal. Actions performed at step 965 may be similar to those described above at step 915.
  • the management signal is found to be decodable at step 965, transmission of a signal during a busy tone slot may be prevented at step 970.
  • the signal during the busy tone slot may be transmitted, at step 975, on the busy tone slot to indicate a request to communicate using a second communication mode.
  • the busy tone slot may comprise a check long range transmission opportunity. Actions performed at step 975 may be similar to those described above at step 920.
  • a third management signal corresponding to the second communication mode may be received.
  • the third management signal may comprise the contiguous long range management signal 450.
  • the third management signal may comprise a plurality of contiguous management signals.
  • a plurality of other management signals that are smaller than the third management signal may be received. The plurality of other management signals might not be contiguous in time.
  • Figure 10 is a flow diagram of a method 1000 for transmitting management signals according to one or more embodiments described herein. In one or more embodiments, the method 1000 or one or more steps thereof may be performed by one or more computing devices or entities.
  • portions of the method 1000 may be performed by components of the device 1312, described in figure 13, or one or more of the devices 105-50, described in figure 1.
  • the method 1000 or one or more steps thereof may be embodied in computer-executable instructions that are stored in a computer-readable medium, such as a non-transitory computer-readable medium.
  • the steps in method 1000 might not all be performed in the order specified and some steps may be omitted or changed in order.
  • transmissions may be detected in a check long range transmission opportunity.
  • Actions performed at step 1010 may be similar to actions performed at step 615, described above.
  • a management signal may be transmitted in a contiguous manner.
  • the contiguous management signal may comprise a beacon.
  • the contiguous management signal may be generated by an RD and may comprise information to be used by an SD maintaining a wireless connection with the RD.
  • the management signal transmitted at step 1020 may comprise an NB signal, such as a long range NB signal.
  • portions of the management signal may be ranked.
  • Figure 12, discussed below, illustrates an example of a ranking for portions of the management signal.
  • the portions may be ranked based on the type of information in the content signal. For example, the portions may be ranked based on how critical or important the portion of the management signal is to an SD.
  • the portions may be ranked based on how often information within each portions changes or is estimated to change. For example, a static portion of the management signal may be given a low ranking, whereas a portion of the management signal that changes frequently may be given a higher ranking.
  • an interval may be assigned to each rank.
  • the interval for a rank may correspond to a frequency at which the portions of the management signal corresponding to that rank are transmitted. For example, a portion of the management signal that is more static, such as information describing supported rates, may be given a longer interval, and thus have a lower frequency than a portion of the management signal that changes frequently, such as synchronization signals.
  • an interval may be assigned to the contiguous management signal.
  • the interval assigned at step 1050 may be longer than all or a portion of the intervals assigned at step 1040.
  • a non-contiguous management signal may be transmitted, as well as the contiguous management signal, based on the intervals assigned at steps 1050 and 1040.
  • the contiguous management signal is not assigned an interval and is not transmitted, while in other implementations, the contiguous management signal is assigned an interval and is transmitted.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a diagram of contiguous and non-contiguous management signals being transmitted according to the steps of Figure 10.
  • an RD transmitting management signals might transmit less data than if the RD were to transmit contiguous management signals without transmitting non-contiguous management signals. Due to the reduction in spectrum efficiency that may occur when transmitting in long range mode, it might be preferable to use method 1000.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a diagram 1100 of management signal transmissions according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • a contiguous management signal 1105 may be transmitted that comprises portions 1110-14.
  • the portions 1110-14 may be ranked. For example portion 1110 may have a first rank, portion 1111 may have a second rank, portion 1112 may have a third rank, portion 1113 may have a fourth rank, and portion 1114 may have a fifth rank.
  • the contiguous management signal 1105 is illustrated as being transmitted in order from portions 1110-14, the portions 1110-14 may be transmitted in any order or combination.
  • portions, or fields, of the contiguous management signal 1105 may be transmitted, e.g., non-contiguous management signals may be transmitted. At least some of portions of the non-contiguous management signals are not contiguous in time.
  • a portion corresponding to the first rank may be transmitted.
  • a portion corresponding to the second rank may be transmitted.
  • a portion corresponding to the third rank may be transmitted.
  • a portion corresponding to the fourth rank may be transmitted.
  • a portion corresponding to the fifth rank may be transmitted.
  • a second long range indicator 441 may or may not be transmitted prior to a second contiguous management signal 1140.
  • An amount of time that elapses between the transmission of the first contiguous management signal 1105 and the second contiguous management signal 1140 may be referred to as a contiguous management signal interval.
  • the contiguous management signal interval may be determined, or set, at step 1050 of figure 10.
  • An amount of time that elapses between 1120 and 1135, 1135 and 1155, and 1155 and 1170 may comprise an interval determined for the first rank.
  • An amount of time that elapses between 1125 and 1145 may comprise an interval determined for the second rank.
  • An amount of time that elapses between 1130 and 1165 may comprise an interval determined for the third rank.
  • the intervals between the portions of the management signal may be determined at step 1040 of figure 10.
  • Figure 12 illustrates a table 1200 of management signal rankings according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • portions of a contiguous management signal are ranked based on type of message field.
  • Each rank comprises an interval time for portions of the management signal corresponding to that ranking.
  • the information in table 1200 is exemplary, and that any number of rankings may be used, the illustrated message fields may be ranked differently, and the illustrated intervals may be changed.
  • Figure 12 may be used at steps 1030 and 1040 of method 1000 to rank portions of the management signal and to assign intervals to each ranking.
  • Figure 13 illustrates a block diagram of an example communication device according to one or more embodiments described herein.
  • the example communication device in particular, a computing device 1312, may be used in a communication network such as the one illustrated in figure 1, to implement any or all of SDs or RDs described and illustrated herein.
  • Computing device 1312 may include a controller 1325 connected to a user interface control 1330, display 1336 and other elements as illustrated.
  • Controller 1325 may include circuitry, such as one or more processors 1328 and one or more memory 1334 storing software 1340, for example, client software, user interface software, server software, etc.
  • Device 1312 may also include a battery 1350 or other power supply device, speaker 1353, and one or more antennae 1354.
  • Device 1312 may include user interface circuitry, such as user interface control 1330.
  • User interface control 1330 may include controllers or adapters, and other circuitry, configured to receive input from or provide output to a keypad, touch screen, voice interface, for example, via microphone 1356, function keys, joystick, data glove, mouse and the like.
  • the user interface circuitry and user interface software may be configured to facilitate user control of at least some functions of device 1312 though use of a display 1336.
  • Display 1336 may be configured to display at least a portion of a user interface of device 1312. Additionally, the display may be configured to facilitate user control of at least some functions of the device (for example, display 1336 could be a touch screen).
  • Software 1340 may be stored within memory 1334 to provide instructions to processor 1328 such that when the instructions are executed, processor 1328, device 1312 or other components of device 1312 are caused to perform various functions or methods such as methods 600, 900, 960, or 1000 or other steps described herein.
  • the software may comprise machine executable instructions and data used by processor 1328 and other components of computing device 1312 may be stored in a storage facility such as memory 1334 or in hardware logic in an integrated circuit, ASIC, etc.
  • Software may include both applications and operating system software, and may include code segments, instructions, applets, pre-compiled code, compiled code, computer programs, program modules, engines, program logic, and combinations thereof.
  • the SDs may include software that is configured to coordinate the transmission and reception of information to and from other devices through the RDs, other SDs, or the network.
  • client e.g., SD
  • client software may include specific protocols for requesting and receiving content through the wireless network.
  • Client software may include instructions that cause one or more components, for example, a processor, wireless interface, or a display of the SDs, to perform various functions and methods including those described herein.
  • the RDs may include similar software as the SDs.
  • Memory 1334 may include any of various types of tangible machine-readable storage medium, including one or more of the following types of storage devices: read only memory (ROM) modules, random access memory (RAM) modules, magnetic tape, magnetic discs (for example, a fixed hard disk drive or a removable floppy disk), optical disk (for example, a CD-ROM disc, a CD-RW disc, a DVD disc), flash memory, and EEPROM memory.
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • magnetic tape magnetic discs
  • magnetic discs for example, a fixed hard disk drive or a removable floppy disk
  • optical disk for example, a CD-ROM disc, a CD-RW disc, a DVD disc
  • flash memory for example, a CD-ROM disc, a CD-RW disc, a DVD disc
  • EEPROM memory electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • processor 1328 (and any other processor or computer described herein) should be understood to encompass any of various types of well-known computing structures including but not limited to one or more microprocessors, special-purpose computer chips, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), combinations of hardware/firmware/software, or other special or general-purpose processing circuitry.
  • microprocessors special-purpose computer chips
  • FPGAs field-programmable gate arrays
  • ASICs application-specific integrated circuits
  • circuitry' may refer to all of the following: (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and/or digital circuitry) and (b) combinations of circuits and software (or firmware), such as (as applicable): (i) to a combination of processor(s) or (ii) to portions of processor(s)/software (including digital signal processor(s)), software, and memory(ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone, wearable device, or server, to perform various functions) and (c) to circuits, such as a microprocessor(s) or a portion of a microprocessor(s), that require software or firmware for operation, even if the software or firmware is not physically present.
  • circuitry' applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims.
  • the term 'circuitry' would also cover an implementation of merely a processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a processor and its (or their) accompanying software and/or firmware.
  • the term 'circuitry' would also cover, for example, a baseband integrated circuit or applications processor integrated circuit for a mobile phone or a similar integrated circuit in a server, a cellular network device, or other network device
  • Device 1312 or its various components may be mobile and be configured to receive, decode and process various types of transmissions including transmissions in a Wi-Fi networks according the IEEE 802.11 WLAN standards, (e.g., 802.11 ⁇ , 802.1 lac, etc.) or wireless metro area network (WMAN) standards (e.g., 802.16), through a specific one or more WLAN transceivers 1343 and WMAN transceivers 1341. Additionally or alternatively, device 1312 may be configured to receive, decode, and process transmissions through various other transceivers, such as FM/AM radio transceiver 1342, and telecommunications transceiver 1344.
  • IEEE 802.11 WLAN standards e.g., 802.11 ⁇ , 802.1 lac, etc.
  • WMAN wireless metro area network
  • device 1312 may be configured to receive, decode, and process transmissions through various other transceivers, such as FM/AM radio transceiver 1342, and telecommunications transceiver 1344.
  • figure 13 generally relates to a mobile device, other devices or systems may include the same or similar components and perform the same or similar functions and methods.
  • a computer 115 communicating over a wired network connection, or a wearable device 140 may include the components or a subset of the components described above, and may be configured to perform the same or similar functions as device 1312 and its components.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Divers modes de réalisation de l'invention concernent un procédé de communication. Le procédé peut recevoir, par un appareil, un premier signal de gestion indiquant un instant pour une émission d'un deuxième signal de gestion correspondant à un premier mode de communication. Le procédé peut déterminer si l'appareil était capable ou non de décoder le deuxième signal de gestion. Si l'appareil était capable de décoder le deuxième signal de gestion, le procédé peut empêcher l'appareil d'émettre un signal sur un créneau de tonalité d'occupation. Si l'appareil n'était pas capable de décoder le deuxième signal de gestion, le procédé peut émettre le signal sur le créneau de tonalité d'occupation pour indiquer une demande de communication en utilisant un deuxième mode de communication.
PCT/US2015/062923 2015-11-30 2015-11-30 Commutation de mode à longue et courte portée WO2017095365A1 (fr)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001022662A1 (fr) * 1999-09-21 2001-03-29 Tantivy Communications, Inc. Unite d'abonne double mode pour communications de donnees a faible portee et a grande vitesse, et a longue portee et a faible vitesse
US20050227723A1 (en) * 2004-04-07 2005-10-13 Acradyan Technology Corporation Method for RF output power control of a wireless communication device
WO2011123527A1 (fr) * 2010-03-30 2011-10-06 Qualcomm Incorporated Procédé et appareil pour coexistence entre plusieurs radios
WO2014151516A1 (fr) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-25 Qualcomm Incorporated Schéma de signalisation basse énergie pour des applications de clôture de balise

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001022662A1 (fr) * 1999-09-21 2001-03-29 Tantivy Communications, Inc. Unite d'abonne double mode pour communications de donnees a faible portee et a grande vitesse, et a longue portee et a faible vitesse
US20050227723A1 (en) * 2004-04-07 2005-10-13 Acradyan Technology Corporation Method for RF output power control of a wireless communication device
WO2011123527A1 (fr) * 2010-03-30 2011-10-06 Qualcomm Incorporated Procédé et appareil pour coexistence entre plusieurs radios
WO2014151516A1 (fr) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-25 Qualcomm Incorporated Schéma de signalisation basse énergie pour des applications de clôture de balise

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