WO2017084639A1 - 假肢手的一般假肢手指的安装结构 - Google Patents

假肢手的一般假肢手指的安装结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017084639A1
WO2017084639A1 PCT/CN2016/110362 CN2016110362W WO2017084639A1 WO 2017084639 A1 WO2017084639 A1 WO 2017084639A1 CN 2016110362 W CN2016110362 W CN 2016110362W WO 2017084639 A1 WO2017084639 A1 WO 2017084639A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
finger
thumb
knuckle
prosthetic
proximal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/110362
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
白劲实
Original Assignee
杭州若比邻机器人科技有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 杭州若比邻机器人科技有限公司 filed Critical 杭州若比邻机器人科技有限公司
Publication of WO2017084639A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017084639A1/zh
Priority to US15/978,287 priority Critical patent/US20180256366A1/en

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2/54Artificial arms or hands or parts thereof
    • A61F2/58Elbows; Wrists ; Other joints; Hands
    • A61F2/583Hands; Wrist joints
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2/54Artificial arms or hands or parts thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2002/5007Prostheses not implantable in the body having elastic means different from springs, e.g. including an elastomeric insert
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2002/5038Hinged joint, e.g. with transverse axle restricting the movement
    • A61F2002/5043Hinged joint, e.g. with transverse axle restricting the movement with rotation-limiting stops, e.g. projections or recesses
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2002/5067Prostheses not implantable in the body having rolling elements between articulating surfaces
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bionic hand, and more particularly to a prosthetic hand, a finger thereof and a partial structure thereof that can be used for a disabled person.
  • the human hand generally has five fingers, which are thumb, index finger, middle finger, ring finger and little finger in turn.
  • the movement rules of the other four fingers are basically the same except that the thumb has a special movement rule.
  • Each finger is divided into three knuckles, which in turn are the basal knuckles, the proximal phalanx and the distal knuckles, which are connected by joints at corresponding positions, and the nails are long on the distal knuckles.
  • the most prolific prosthetic hand on the market was the single free holiday hand of the German OTTOBOCK company.
  • This type of prosthetic hand only has the basic opening and closing function.
  • the basic working principle is: the EMG signal sensor is sensitive to the disabled.
  • the motion demand sends the corresponding signal to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller issues a control command to operate the micro-motor.
  • the micro-motor drives the prosthetic finger movement through the mechanical transmission chain, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the prosthetic hand.
  • the mechanical transmission of the base finger joint often uses cable (rope) transmission, bevel gear auxiliary drive, worm gear drive or sliding screw drive, etc.
  • the mechanical transmission of the proximal knuckle often uses cable (rope) drive, connecting rod drive or gear Vice drive, etc.
  • Different combinations of base knuckle transmission chain and proximal knuckle transmission chain can form different product.
  • the finger-base joint of a prosthetic hand uses a worm gear transmission
  • the proximal knuckle uses a cable (rope) transmission
  • the finger joint of the other prosthetic hand uses a sliding spiral.
  • the auxiliary drive and the proximal knuckle are connected by a connecting rod.
  • an existing iLim prosthetic hand has a wire of a finger DC motor connected to a wire output of a knuckle joint mounting frame.
  • the wire output device fixes the sleeve, slides the guide pin, and compresses the spring.
  • the structure is complicated, it is difficult to miniaturize, and it occupies the design space.
  • the structure and shape of the finger coupler are complicated, including the conductive column which is in contact with the sliding guide pin of the finger, and the base joint cover with complicated shape.
  • the base finger joints of the prosthetic finger have many components, and the assembly relationship is complicated. It is difficult to effectively and accurately position the components, and the assembly is difficult.
  • the base joint structure of some existing prosthetic fingers has a simple assembly structure. The work reliability of the basal knuckles is poor and prone to failure.
  • Some existing prosthetic fingers have a complicated connection structure between the base knuckle and the base joint of the prosthetic finger, and the finger base knuckle is difficult to assemble onto the base joint structure, and cannot be assembled simply and efficiently.
  • proximal finger joints use the existing prosthetic finger of the cable transmission, and the proximal end of the transmission rope is connected to the worm wheel, but the specific connection structure adopted is not convenient for assembly, and the proximal end of the transmission rope is also prone to fall off. Not conducive to the reliable use of prosthetic hands.
  • Some existing prosthetic fingers have a cable transmission on the proximal knuckle. Frequent flexion and indexing operations are easy to cause the transmission rope to be rubbed and scraped on the finger base knuckles. It is easy to wear or break the transmission rope for a long time. , affecting the service life of the cable drive mechanism.
  • Some existing prosthetic fingers have a tension spring connection between the proximal phalanx of the finger and the finger base knuckle to achieve automatic reset of the finger near the knuckle when the finger is extended, and the end of the tension spring is fixed. The way the connection is made, so the tension spring is frequently subjected to tension and bending The composite action of the moment, the long-term use will cause the tensile spring to undergo bending and residual deformation. This will cause the prosthetic finger to appear flexion and the index finger is not in place, reducing the performance of the prosthetic finger and the prosthetic hand.
  • Some existing prosthetic fingers do not distinguish between the distal knuckles of the fingers and the proximal phalanx of the fingers. It is not convenient for the assembly of the proximal phalanx and other parts of the finger, or the finger near the knuckles and the fingers. The connection is made by end face fitting, and then connected by other connecting members, the reliability of the connection is poor, and the structure is not beautiful enough.
  • the existing prosthetic finger has the aforementioned problems due to its partial structure, resulting in poor reliability of the entire prosthetic finger and inconvenient assembly.
  • the design of the prosthetic thumb may not be considered.
  • the structure between the proximal phalanx and the thumb phalanx of the thumb is quite different from that of the finger proximal phalanx and the distal phalanx of the finger of the general prosthetic finger (non-thumb). This requires a special design and manufacture of the structure of the thumb, or the need to specifically design and manufacture the structure of the thumb near the knuckles and the thumb-based knuckles.
  • the difference between the prosthetic thumb and the general prosthetic finger will result in additional work and processing costs, zero
  • the versatility of the components is also poor, which is not conducive to reducing costs.
  • the thumb has two postures, that is, the palm and the side palm. Therefore, the prosthetic thumb needs to perform the posture rotation motion, but the existing prosthetic thumb adopts the mounting structure, and the wire connecting the motor is drawn from the side, so that the prosthetic thumb is working.
  • the palm and palm postures are switched, the wire is pulled, and the long-term use will cause the wire to break. In fact, the wire break of the prosthetic thumb is a frequent failure.
  • the existing prosthetic thumb has the above-mentioned problems due to its partial structure, resulting in high cost of the prosthetic finger, easy failure, and poor work reliability;
  • the mounting structure of the general prosthetic finger (the other four prosthetic fingers other than the thumb) is: a finger axial single screw connection between the finger joint of the prosthetic finger and the prosthetic hand, Generally, when the finger is straight, the single axial screw of the finger is the same as the pointing of the finger, the connection is unreliable, and the short-term use will cause the connection to be loose.
  • the existing prosthetic hand due to the partial structure described above, causes the prosthetic hand to have poor reliability and high cost.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a general prosthetic finger mounting structure for an existing prosthetic hand.
  • the present invention provides a mounting structure for a general prosthetic finger of a prosthetic hand, characterized in that it comprises a prosthetic hand substrate, a finger coupler and a finger mounting frame of a general prosthetic finger;
  • a stepped hole is disposed in the finger coupler, and a stepped pull nut is located in the stepped hole, the prosthetic hand substrate is located on a side of the large diameter end of the tension nut, the finger mounting machine The frame is located on a side of the small diameter end of the tension nut;
  • a finger substrate coupling screw mounting hole is disposed on the prosthetic hand substrate corresponding to the internal thread of the tension nut, and the finger substrate coupling screw is disposed in the finger substrate coupling screw mounting hole and connected to the internal thread of the tension nut ;
  • a finger insertion screw mounting hole is disposed on the finger mounting frame corresponding to the internal thread of the tension nut, and a finger coupling screw is disposed in the finger coupling screw mounting hole and connected to the internal thread of the tension nut;
  • the axis of the finger coupling screw is perpendicular to the orientation of the general prosthetic finger.
  • the main beneficial effect of the above technical solution provided by the present invention is that it uses a finger coupling, a stepped tension nut, a finger coupling screw and a finger substrate coupling screw to couple the general prosthetic finger and the prosthetic hand substrate, and the axis of the finger coupling screw Vertical to the pointing of the finger of the general prosthetic, the connection is reliable and not easy to loose.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prosthetic finger according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional structural view of a distal knuckle of a finger according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structural view of a finger near phalanx according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional structural view of a finger-based phalanx according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of the proximal phalanx of the finger of Figure 1 and its vicinity;
  • Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view corresponding to Figure 5 when the finger near the phalanx is rotated relative to the finger base knuckle;
  • Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of the base joint frame of Figure 1 and its vicinity;
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional structural view of a base joint frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a motor reducer assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of a worm according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of a worm wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a prosthetic thumb according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of a prosthetic hand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the orientation words mentioned in the embodiment are explained: on the prosthetic finger and the specific component parts, the “distal” refers to the end near the fingertip of the finger. “Proximal” is the opposite of “distal”, “near end” refers to the end of the finger near the base of the finger (or the base of the finger or the palm of the hand); the “upper” that represents the orientation, when the finger is straight, the finger is on the back of the hand The orientation corresponding to the orientation; the “lower” representing the orientation refers to the orientation on the finger corresponding to the orientation of the palm; the “side” representing the orientation refers to the other two orientations that are neither “up” nor “down”, ie, phase The orientation of the adjacent finger; the “side of the adjacent finger” refers to the “side”, that is, the side of the finger facing the adjacent finger, not “up” or “down”.
  • each component of the prosthetic finger of the present embodiment will be described first
  • the base finger joint of the prosthetic finger mainly performs the function similar to the base knuckle of the human hand.
  • the base knuckle joint of the human hand is used to connect the finger base knuckle and the palm, so that the finger base knuckle and the palm are rotatably connected.
  • the basal knuckle structure of the prosthetic finger of the embodiment of the present invention can be specifically referred to FIG. 7 to FIG. 11 in the drawings of the specification.
  • the component 401 is fixed with a first bevel gear 402 on the output shaft journal 4014 of the motor reducer assembly 401, and a worm 404 is mounted on the base joint frame 4 through the hole with a circlip 407 and two sliding bearings, in the worm
  • a second bevel gear 403 is fixed on the input shaft journal 4043 of the 404, the second bevel gear 403 is meshed with the first bevel gear 402, and the base joint frame 4 has an open slot 44.
  • the worm wheel 2 is located in the open slot 44, and the worm wheel 2 is The worm 404 is engaged, and the rotating shaft is disposed on the base joint frame 4 and the worm wheel 2.
  • the base finger joint structure of the prosthetic finger provided by the embodiment can be similar to The function of the finger-based knuckle is that the worm wheel 2 is mounted through the open slot 44, and the rotating shaft is simultaneously disposed on the base joint frame 4 and the worm wheel 2.
  • the opening groove 44 can restrain the worm wheel 2 to rotate smoothly, and the elastic hole is passed through the hole.
  • the ring 407 and the two sliding bearings are equipped with a worm 404, so that the worm 404 is flexibly rotated and reliably positioned, which reduces the difficulty of assembly and improves the operational reliability of the basal joint structure.
  • the base joint frame 4 includes a motor reducer assembly mounting portion 41, a worm mounting portion 42 and two shaft insertion portions 43, and the motor reducer assembly mounting portion 41 and the worm mounting portion 42 pass through the two shaft insertion portions 43.
  • the ventilator assembly 401 is fixed to the motor reducer assembly mounting portion 41, and the worm 404 is mounted in the worm mounting portion 42 and is disposed on the worm wheel 2
  • the rotating shaft through hole 211 is provided with a rotating shaft through hole 431 on the corresponding rotating shaft through hole 211.
  • the rotating shaft is disposed in the rotating shaft through hole 211 and the two rotating shaft through concentric holes 431.
  • a motor reducer assembly mounting hole (411) is provided in the motor reducer assembly mounting portion (41), and the motor is decelerated
  • the assembly (401) includes a motor (4011) to which a reducer (4012) is attached, and a mounting neck (4013) is provided on the reducer (4012), the mounting neck (4013)
  • the diameter of the reducer (4012) is smaller than the diameter of the reducer (4012) extending from the mounting neck (4013), and the mounting neck (4013) is fixed to the motor reducer assembly Installed in the hole (411).
  • the mounting neck 4013 of the motor reducer assembly 401 is fixed, and the motor reducer assembly mounting hole (411) has a simple structure.
  • a worm main body accommodating cavity 421, a sliding bearing mounting hole 422, and a worm journal receiving hole 423 are sequentially provided in communication with each other in the worm mounting portion 42, and the diameter of the sliding bearing mounting hole 422 is smaller than that of the worm main body.
  • the diameter of the accommodating cavity 421, the diameter of the worm journal receiving hole 423 is smaller than the diameter of the sliding bearing mounting hole 422, the end of the worm main body accommodating cavity 421 is open, and the damper is provided in the ring direction on the cavity wall of the worm main body accommodating cavity 421.
  • the ring mounting groove 4211, the worm 404 includes a worm main body portion 4041, the worm wheel 2 meshes with the worm main body portion 4041, and the bearing mounting journal 4042 is integrally coupled to both ends of the worm main body portion 4041, and one of the bearing mounting journals 4042 is integrated
  • the input shaft journal 4043 is connected to the ground, and the two sliding bearings are respectively the first sliding bearing 405
  • the second sliding bearing 406 the worm main body portion 4041 is located in the worm main body receiving cavity 421
  • the first sliding bearing 405 is located in the sliding bearing mounting hole 422
  • the second sliding bearing 406 is located in the worm main body receiving cavity 421
  • the worm main body portion 4041 is located between the first sliding bearing 405 and the second sliding bearing 406, two bearing mounting journals 4042 are respectively disposed in the first sliding bearing 405 and the second sliding bearing 406, and holes are provided in the circlip mounting groove 4211.
  • the circlip 407, the second sliding bearing 406 is located between the worm main body portion 4041 and the hole circlip 407.
  • the structure of each component of the worm wheel and the worm wheel mounting part is refined (for example, by using various holes and slots in the structure to realize component mounting and constraining positioning), the structure is simple, easy to assemble, and reliable in operation.
  • the first sliding bearing 405 can be first loaded into the sliding bearing mounting hole 422 from the open end of the worm main body accommodating chamber 421, the worm 404 is placed, and then the second sliding bearing 406 is mounted, and finally The mounting hole completes the positioning assembly of the worm 404 with the circlip 407.
  • the rotating shaft of the embodiment is a hollow shaft 3, and a finger tail cover 408 is connected to the base joint frame 4, and the finger tail cover 408 covers the first bevel gear 402 and the second bevel gear 403, and the finger tail cover 408
  • the finger tail cover 408 covers the first bevel gear 402 and the second bevel gear 403, and the finger tail cover 408
  • the finger tail cover 408 can shield the connection position of the two bevel gears, and the hollow shaft 3 on the rotating shaft can play the role of reducing the weight while ensuring the structural strength, and on the other hand, the finger tail cover 408 is also assisted.
  • the assembly, clever use of the plug posts on the finger tail cover 408 enables the assembly of the finger tail cover 408.
  • the output shaft journal 4014 and the input shaft journal 4043 are both D-shaped journals, and the first bevel gear 402 and the second bevel gear 403 each have a D-shaped central hole, and the first bevel gear 402
  • the D-shaped central hole is sleeved on the D-shaped journal of the output shaft journal 4014, and the D-shaped central hole of the second bevel gear 403 is sleeved on the input shaft journal 4043.
  • the D-shaped central hole is matched with the D-shaped section journal, and the D-shaped section hole axis constraint is used to realize the assembly of the bevel gear, which further simplifies the assembly difficulty.
  • the central axis of the output shaft journal 4014 of the present embodiment is orthogonal to the central axis of the input shaft journal 4043.
  • the central axis of the motor reducer assembly mounting hole 411 is orthogonal to the central axis of the sliding bearing mounting hole 422.
  • a finger base is fixed on the base joint frame 4
  • the knuckle 5, the worm wheel 2 is fixed to the finger mounting frame 1.
  • the finger base knuckle 5 of the prosthetic finger is fixed relative to the base joint frame 4.
  • FIG. 4, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 for the connection structure of the base knuckle and the base joint of the prosthetic finger of the embodiment of the present invention, reference may be made to FIG. 4, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 in the drawings of the specification.
  • the connection structure of the base knuckle and the base joint of the prosthetic finger provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a base joint frame 4 and a finger base knuckle 5, and the base joint frame 4 includes a motor reducer assembly mounting portion 41, which is decelerated in the motor
  • the motor assembly mounting portion 41 is provided with a motor reducer assembly mounting hole 411, a part of the motor reducer assembly 401 is fixed in the motor reducer assembly mounting hole 411, and the finger base knuckle 5 includes a base knuckle main body 51, the base knuckle main body 51 has a cavity for accommodating the motor reducer assembly 401, and a sector-shaped flange 412 is provided on the upper outer wall of the motor reducer assembly mounting portion 41, and a slot 511 is provided in the corresponding knurled flange 412 on the base knuckle body 51.
  • a portion of the base knuckle body 51 is sleeved over a portion of the motor reduce
  • connection structure of the base knuckle and the base joint of the prosthetic finger utilizes the slot 511 on the base knuckle body 51 and the sector flange 412 on the motor reducer assembly mounting portion 41 of the base joint frame 4.
  • the assembly is assembled in a set manner, and the mutual positioning of the two is easy to implement, and the assembly structure is simple.
  • a base knuckle screw threaded hole (not shown) is disposed on the motor reducer assembly mounting portion 41.
  • the axis of the base knuckle screw threaded hole is perpendicular to the axis of the motor reducer assembly 401, at the base knuckle
  • the base knuckle screw threaded hole is provided with a base knuckle screw mounting hole 512 on the main body 51, and a base knuckle fixing screw (not shown) is inserted in the base knuckle screw mounting hole 512, and the base knuckle fixing screw Connected to the threaded hole of the base knuckle screw.
  • the base knuckle fixing screw is further fixed and restrained from a plurality of different directions, and the base knuckle main body 51 is not easily detached from the motor reducer assembly mounting portion 41, and the fixing is more reliable.
  • the head of the base knuckle fixing screw is located on the adjacent finger side of the base knuckle body 51.
  • the head of the base knuckle fixing screw is located on the side of the finger of the finger, and the knuckle fixing screw can be concealed to some extent due to the shielding effect of the adjacent finger (for example, when the four fingers are straightened side by side). Enhanced aesthetics.
  • the number of the base knuckle fixing screws in the embodiment is two.
  • a limit flange 413 is provided on the motor reducer assembly mounting portion 41, and the proximal end of the base knuckle body 51 abuts against the limit flange 413.
  • the limiting flange 413 can function as an auxiliary positioning to prevent axial turbulence of the base knuckle body 51.
  • the worm gear and the proximal knuckle movement are driven by the prosthetic finger of the cable transmission, and the proximal end of the transmission rope needs to be connected to the worm wheel.
  • connection structure of the worm wheel and the transmission rope of the prosthetic finger of the embodiment of the present invention reference may be made to FIG. 7 and FIG. 11 in the drawings of the specification.
  • the connection structure of the worm wheel and the transmission rope of the prosthetic finger provided by the embodiment includes a transmission rope 9 and a worm wheel 2, and the worm wheel 2 includes a shaft connecting portion 21, and the shaft connecting portion 21 is integrally connected with the shaft for connecting the rope 9 a rope pulling portion 22, an engaging portion 23 for engaging with the worm 404, and a worm wheel fixing portion 24 for fixedly connecting with the finger fixing frame 1, and a gap portion is provided between the engaging portion 23 and the rope pulling portion 22.
  • the hole 25 is mounted with a grommet 251 in the slotted hole 25, and the proximal end of the transmission rope 9 is a double-line structure in which a single line is folded in half.
  • the proximal end of the transmission rope 9 is sleeved at the reduced diameter of the grommet 251 with a notch.
  • the edge of the hole of the circular hole 25 is caught at the reduced diameter of the grommet 251.
  • the proximal end of the transmission rope 9 is connected by the circular hole 25 and the grommet 251, and the proximal end of the transmission rope 9 is a double line which is folded in a single line.
  • the structure is simple to assemble, the transmission rope 9 is not easy to fall off, and the connection reliability is better.
  • the gap of the circular opening 25 with a slit is a rounded transition.
  • a rounded transition is used to avoid stabbing or cutting the drive rope 9, which can extend the service life of the drive rope 9.
  • a rotating shaft through hole 211 is provided on the rotating shaft connecting portion 21, and an edge of the rope pulling portion 22 for contacting the driving rope 9 is substantially curved, and the curved arc is centered on the center of the rotating shaft through hole 211.
  • the edge of the rope pulling portion 22 adopts an arc structure, and the arc of the arc is centered at the center of the rotating shaft hole 211, so that when the rope pulling portion 22 pulls the driving rope 9, the driving rope 9 is attached thereto.
  • the curved edge is pulled, so that the transmission rope 9 has a large contact surface with the rope pulling portion 22, the force of the proximal end of the transmission rope 9 can be more uniform, and the transmission rope 9 can be protected and extended. The role of the service life.
  • the worm wheel 2 of the present embodiment is fixed to the finger mounting frame 1, specifically, the worm wheel
  • the fixed portion 24 is provided with a worm wheel fixing pin hole 241, and a worm wheel fixing pin 242 is bored in the worm wheel fixing pin hole 241, and the worm wheel fixing pin 242 is fixed on the finger mounting frame 1.
  • the present embodiment employs two worm gear fixing pins 242.
  • the drive cable in the cable drive structure of the prosthetic finger pulls the finger proximal to the knuckle to rotate it about the proximal knuckle.
  • the drive rope needs to be protected during the flexion and indexing process.
  • the cable transmission structure of the prosthetic finger provided by the embodiment includes a transmission rope 9 and a finger base knuckle 5, the transmission rope 9 penetrates the inner space of the finger base knuckle 5, and the finger base knuckle 5 includes the base knuckle main body 51, and the transmission The rope 9 is located at a lower portion in the base knuckle main body 51, and a roller pin 513 is fixed at a position corresponding to the drive rope 9 at a lower wall surface of the base knuckle main body 51.
  • the axis of the roller pin 513 is perpendicular to the axis of the base knuckle main body 51,
  • the roller pin 513 is fitted with a roller 514, and a part of the roller 514 projects into the space inside the wall surface of the base knuckle body 51.
  • the cable drive structure of the prosthetic finger provided in this embodiment is provided with a roller pin 513 and a roller 514 corresponding to the drive rope 9 on the base knuckle body 51 of the finger base knuckle 5, and a part of the roller 514 extends into the base knuckle body 51.
  • the transmission rope 9 of the present embodiment is a nylon rope. It can be made of high-strength nylon rope.
  • the distal end of the drive rope 9 is connected to the proximal knuckle 6 of the finger, and the proximal end of the drive rope 9 is connected to the worm wheel 2.
  • a drive cable connection post 613 is provided at the distal end of the finger near the knuckle 6, and the distal end of the drive cable 9 is coupled to the drive cable connection post 613.
  • the drive rope connecting post 613 at the distal end of the finger near the knuckle 6 is used to facilitate the connection of the distal ends of the drive cable 9.
  • the finger near phalanx 6 includes a convex head portion 61 and a proximal knuckle body 62 thicker than the convex head portion 61.
  • the transmission rope connecting post 613 is disposed at the distal end of the convex head portion 61, and the convex head portion 61 is sleeved Finger far knuckles 7 at the finger
  • the distal knuckle 7 is provided with a fitting portion 71 which is fitted over the convex head portion 61 and abuts against the proximal knuckle main body 62, and a part of the transmission rope 9 is sandwiched between the fitting portion 71 and the convex head portion 61.
  • the fitting portion 71 can also function to press the transmission rope 9, further ensuring that the distal end of the transmission rope 9 is not easily peeled off.
  • the worm wheel 2 In order to connect the proximal end of the drive cable 9 to the worm wheel 2, the worm wheel 2 includes a shaft coupling portion 21 to which a rope pull portion 22 for pulling the drive rope 9 is integrally coupled for engagement with the worm 404.
  • the meshing portion 23 and the worm wheel fixing portion 24 for fixedly connecting with the finger fixing frame 1 are provided with a slit hole 25 between the meshing portion 23 and the rope pulling portion 22, and the hole portion 25 is provided with a slit hole 25.
  • the grommets 251, the proximal end of the transmission rope 9 is a double-wire structure in which a single wire is folded in half.
  • the proximal end of the transmission rope 9 is sleeved at the reduced diameter of the grommet 251, and the edge of the hole with the circular hole 25 is caught at the grommet 251. Reduced diameter.
  • the proximal end of the drive rope 9 is connected by means of a circular opening 25 and a grommet 251, which is relatively simple to assemble, and the drive rope 9 is not easily detached.
  • the finger near the phalanx of the prosthetic finger and the finger base knuckle need to be connected by elastic members, and the partial structure also needs to ensure the use performance.
  • connection structure of the proximal phalanx and the base phalanx of the prosthetic finger of the present embodiment refer to FIG. 2 to FIG. 6 in the drawings of the specification.
  • the connection structure of the proximal phalanx and the base phalanx of the prosthetic finger includes a finger base knuckle 5, a finger proximal knuckle 6 and a tension spring 8, and the finger proximal knuckle 6 is rotatably connected to the finger base
  • a tension spring distal cylindrical pin 81 is fixed on the finger proximal knuckle 6
  • a tension spring proximal cylindrical pin 82 is fixed on the finger base knuckle 5
  • the axis of the proximal end cylindrical pin 82 of the tension spring is parallel to the axis of rotation of the finger near the knuckle 5, and the two ends of the tension spring 8 are respectively sleeved on the distal end cylindrical pin 81 of the tension spring and the proximal cylindrical pin 82 of the tension spring.
  • connection structure of the proximal phalanx of the prosthetic finger and the basal phalanx of the prosthetic finger the two ends of the tension spring 8 are no longer fixedly connected, but the distal end of the tension finger is fixed on the proximal knuckle 6 of the finger. 81.
  • two proximal knuckle connecting wings 621 are provided at the proximal end of the finger near the phalanx 6, corresponding to the two proximal knuckle connecting wings 621
  • the proximal knuckle connecting wing concentric hole 6211 is provided, and the finger base phalanx 5 includes a base knuckle main body 51, and the inter-wing connecting portion 52 is integrally connected at the distal end of the base knuckle main body 51, and the width of the inter-wing connecting portion 52 is Less than the width of the base knuckle body 51, the wing connecting portion 52 is located between the two proximal knuckle connecting wings 621, and the convex joint cylinders are provided on both sides of the wing connecting portion 52 (not shown in the drawing) ), two proximal knuckle connecting wing concentric holes 6211 are respectively
  • the structure of the proximal knuckle connecting wing 621, the proximal knuckle connecting wing concentric hole 6211, the wing connecting portion 52, and the hinged cylinder is rotatably connected, which reduces the number of parts, and these structures can be close to the finger in other directions.
  • the movement of the knuckles 6 and the finger base knuckles 5 form a constraint that makes the connection more reliable and the rotation process more stable.
  • two base knuckle connecting wings 521 are provided at the distal end of the inter-wing connecting portion 52, and the proximal end of the tension spring 8 is located between the two base knuckle connecting wings 521,
  • a proximal end cylindrical pin mounting hole 5211 is formed on the base knuckle connecting wing 521, and the proximal end cylindrical pin 82 of the tension spring is bored and fixed in the proximal cylindrical pin mounting hole 5211 of the tension spring.
  • a tension spring receiving groove 63 is provided on the finger near knuckle 6, and a tension spring is provided on the groove wall of the tension spring receiving groove 63.
  • the end cylindrical pin mounting hole 631, the tension spring distal cylindrical pin 81 is bored and fixed in the distal end cylindrical pin mounting hole 631 of the tension spring.
  • the distal edge of the base knuckle connecting wing 521 is a curved edge
  • the finger near the knuckle 6 has an arcuate wall surface matching the curved edge
  • an arcuate shutter 5212 along which the arcuate shutter 5212 is disposed and located above the proximal end of the tension spring 8.
  • the finger near knuckle 6 and the finger base knuckle 5 adopt an arc-shaped fit, and the design of the curved shutter 5212 can reduce the gap above the near-finger joint, and to a certain extent, prevent the object from entering and being beautiful.
  • connection structure of the distal knuckle and the proximal phalanx of the prosthetic finger of the present embodiment refer to FIG. 2 to FIG. 6 in the drawings of the specification.
  • the connection structure of the distal knuckle and the proximal phalanx of the prosthetic finger provided by the embodiment includes a finger proximal phalanx 6 and a finger distal knuckle 7
  • the finger proximal phalanx 6 includes a convex head 61 and a coarse convex head 61 .
  • the proximal knuckle body 62 is provided with a set portion 71 on the distal knuckle 7 of the finger, and has a set cavity 711 matching the convex head portion 61 in the set portion 71.
  • the convex head portion 61 is located in the set cavity 711, and the set portion 71 is placed over the convex head 61 and abuts the proximal knuckle body 62.
  • the connecting structure of the distal knuckle and the proximal phalanx of the prosthetic finger provided by the embodiment is connected to each other by means of a set by using the structural features of the convex head 61, the proximal knuckle body 62, the set portion 71, and the set cavity 711.
  • the convex head 61 is tapered.
  • a convex head threaded hole 611 is disposed in the convex head portion 61.
  • the axis of the convex head threaded hole 611 is perpendicular to the axis of the convex head portion 61, and the corresponding protruding portion threaded hole 611 is provided on the fitting portion 71.
  • the knuckle screw mounting hole 712 is inserted through the distal knuckle screw mounting hole 712 and connected to the male threaded hole 611.
  • the distal knuckle mounting screw 72 After the kit is further fixed by the distal knuckle mounting screw 72, and the direction of the distal knuckle mounting screw 72 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the convex head 61, not only the rotation of the fitting portion 71 but also the fitting portion 71 can be restricted.
  • the axial movement of the convex head 61 which constrains the sheath portion 71 in a plurality of directions, makes the fixation between the finger near phalanx 6 and the finger distal knuckle 7 more reliable.
  • the number of distal knuckle mounting screws 72 is two.
  • the head of the distal knuckle mounting screw 72 is located on the adjacent finger side of the set portion 71.
  • the head of the distal knuckle mounting screw 72 is located on the side of the finger, and the distal knuckle mounting screw 72 can be concealed to some extent due to the blocking action of the adjacent fingers (for example, when the four fingers are straightened side by side). Enhanced aesthetics.
  • the distal knuckle mounting screw 72 is in such an orientation, other mechanisms (such as a cable drive mechanism and a spring return mechanism) on the prosthetic finger can be avoided.
  • the distal knuckle mounting screw The arrangement of 72 avoids the drive rope 9 and the tension spring 8.
  • a plurality of annular head annular grooves 612 are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the convex head portion 61 in the circumferential direction.
  • the grease and water can be prevented to a certain extent. Harmful substances such as dust penetrate into the fingers of the prosthetic finger.
  • the movement of the proximal knuckle of the present embodiment adopts a cable transmission form.
  • a transmission rope connecting column is integrally provided at the distal end of the convex head 61. 613, one end of the transmission rope 9 is connected to the transmission rope connecting post 613, and a part of the transmission rope 9 is sandwiched between the fitting portion 71 and the convex head portion 61.
  • This not only facilitates the connection of the distal end of the drive cable 9, but also the cover portion 71 can function to compress the drive cable 9, ensuring that the distal end of the drive cable 9 is not easily detached.
  • the proximal knuckle of the present embodiment relies on the pulling force of the spring to achieve automatic resetting during the indexing.
  • the convex head 61 and the proximal knuckle body 62 is provided with a tension spring receiving groove 63, and a tension spring distal cylindrical pin mounting hole 631 is provided on the groove wall of the tension spring receiving groove 63, and is pierced in the distal end cylindrical pin mounting hole 631 of the tension spring.
  • a distal end cylindrical pin 81 is attached to the tension spring, and the distal end of the tension spring 8 is fitted over the distal end cylindrical pin 81 of the tension spring.
  • the prosthetic finger of the present embodiment incorporates the structure of the plurality of front portions, which can be specifically referred to FIGS. 1 to 11 in the drawings of the specification.
  • the prosthetic finger provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a finger mounting frame 1, a worm wheel 2, a rotating shaft, a base joint frame 4, a finger base knuckle 5, a finger proximal knuckle 6, a finger distal knuckle 7, and a tension spring 8.
  • the transmission rope 9; the worm wheel 2 is fixed on the finger mounting frame 1, the worm wheel 2 is provided with a circular hole 25 with a gap, the grommet 251 is installed in the hole 25 with a gap, and the hole edge card with the circular hole 25 is opened.
  • a motor reducer assembly 401 is fixed in the base joint frame 4, and a first bevel gear 402 is fixed on the output shaft journal 4014 of the motor reducer assembly 401 at the base joint frame.
  • a worm 404 is mounted on the inner through hole by the circlip 407 and the two sliding bearings, and a second bevel gear 403 is fixed on the input shaft journal 4043 of the worm 404, and the second bevel gear 403 is meshed with the first bevel gear 402.
  • Base joint frame 4 has an open slot 44, a worm gear 2 is located in the open slot 44, the worm gear 2 meshes with the worm 404, the rotating shaft is disposed on the base joint frame 4 and the worm wheel 2;
  • the finger base knuckle 5 has a cavity for accommodating the motor reducer assembly 401, the finger base knuckle 5 is fixed on the base joint frame 4, the drive rope 9 penetrates the inner space of the finger base knuckle 5, the proximal end of the drive rope 9 is connected to the grommet 251;
  • the finger near knuckle 6 is rotatably connected to the finger base knuckle At the distal end of the fifth end, the two ends of the tension spring 8 are rotatably coupled to the finger base knuckle 5 and the finger proximal knuckle 6, respectively;
  • the proximal finger knuckle 6 includes a convex head 61 at the distal end of the convex head 61
  • the design of the prosthetic finger provided in this embodiment, the design of the grommet 251 in the worm wheel 2, the design of the opening groove 44 in the base joint frame 4, and the rotation axis are simultaneously inserted in the rotating shaft through hole 211 and the two rotating shaft through the concentric hole 431
  • the design, the two ends of the tension spring 8 are respectively sleeved on the cylindrical pin, and the design of the design between the distal knuckle 7 of the finger and the proximal knuckle 6 of the finger, which can make the connection of each part reliable and the worm wheel 2 rotate smoothly.
  • the tension spring 8 is protected, and the transmission rope 9 is not easily detached, so that the working reliability of the entire prosthetic finger can be improved as a whole, and the possibility of malfunction can be reduced.
  • the proximal end of the transmission rope 9 is a double-wire structure in which a single wire is folded in half, and the proximal end of the transmission rope 9 is sleeved at the reduced diameter of the grommet 251.
  • the rotating shaft is a hollow shaft 3, and a finger tail cover 408 is connected to the base joint frame 4, and the finger tail cover 408 is covered.
  • the first bevel gear 402 and the second bevel gear 403 have two plug posts, and the two plug posts are respectively inserted at both ends of the hollow shaft 3.
  • the finger base knuckle 5 comprises a base knuckle body 51, the drive cable 9 being located in the lower portion of the base knuckle body 51, at the lower wall of the base knuckle body 51 A corresponding position of the drive rope 9 is fixed with a roller pin 513 whose axis is perpendicular to the axis of the base knuckle body 51.
  • a roller 514 is fitted on the roller pin 513, and a part of the roller 514 extends into the wall surface of the base knuckle body 51.
  • a distal end cylindrical pin of the tension spring is fixed on the proximal knuckle 6 of the finger.
  • a tension spring proximal cylindrical pin 82 is fixed on the finger base knuckle 5, and the axes of the extension spring distal cylindrical pin 81 and the tension spring proximal cylindrical pin 82 are parallel to the axis of rotation of the finger proximal knuckle 5
  • the two ends of the tension spring 8 are respectively sleeved on the distal end cylindrical pin 81 of the tension spring and the proximal cylindrical pin 82 of the tension spring.
  • two proximal knuckle connection wings 621 are provided at the proximal end of the finger proximal phalanx 6, correspondingly on the two proximal knuckle connection wings 621
  • a proximal knuckle connecting wing concentric hole 6211 is provided
  • the finger base knuckle 5 includes a base knuckle main body 51, and an inter-wing connecting portion 52 is integrally connected at a distal end of the base knuckle main body 51, and the width of the inter-wing connecting portion 52 is smaller than The width of the base knuckle body 51, the inter-wing connecting portion 52 is located between the two proximal knuckle connecting wings 621, and the convex joint cylinders are provided on both sides of the wing connecting portion 52, and the two proximal knuckles are connected.
  • the wing concentric holes 6211 are respectively s
  • the finger base knuckle 5 includes a base knuckle body 51 having a cavity for receiving the motor reducer assembly 401, A fan-shaped flange 412 is disposed on an upper outer wall of the motor reducer assembly mounting portion 41.
  • a slot 511 is defined in the corresponding knuckle flange 412 on the base knuckle body 51.
  • a part of the base knuckle body 51 is mounted on the motor reducer assembly.
  • a portion of the portion 41, the sector flange 412 is located in the slot 511.
  • the output shaft journal 4014 and the input shaft journal 4043 are both D-shaped journals, and the first bevel gear 402 and the second bevel gear 403 each have a D-shaped central hole, the first bevel gear
  • the D-shaped center hole of the sleeve 402 is sleeved on the D-shaped section journal of the output shaft journal 4014, and the D-shaped center hole of the second bevel gear 403 is sleeved on the input shaft journal 4043.
  • the base joint frame 4 includes a motor reducer assembly mounting portion 41, a worm mounting portion 42 and two shaft insertion portions 43, a motor reducer assembly mounting portion 41 and a worm mounting
  • the portion 42 is integrally connected by the two shaft insertion portions 43.
  • the two shaft insertion portions 43 form an opening groove 44.
  • the motor speed reducer assembly 401 is fixed to the motor reducer assembly mounting portion 41, and the worm 404 is mounted on the worm.
  • the worm wheel 2 is provided with a rotating shaft through hole 211
  • the corresponding rotating shaft through hole 211 is provided with a rotating shaft through hole 431 on the two rotating shaft connecting portions 43 .
  • the rotating shaft is disposed through the rotating shaft through hole 211 and the two rotating shafts are connected concentrically. In the hole 431.
  • a motor reducer assembly mounting hole 411 is provided in the motor reducer assembly mounting portion 41, and the motor reducer assembly 401 includes a motor 4011 connected to the motor 4011.
  • the reducer 4012 is provided with a mounting neck 4013.
  • the diameter of the mounting neck 4013 is smaller than the diameter of the reducer 4012.
  • the output shaft journal 4014 extends from the mounting neck 4013, and the mounting neck 4013 is fixed to the motor reducer assembly. Installed in the hole 411.
  • the worm main body accommodating cavity 421, the sliding bearing mounting hole 422 and the worm journal receiving hole 423 are sequentially disposed in the worm mounting portion 42.
  • the diameter of the sliding bearing mounting hole 422 is smaller than the worm main body accommodating cavity.
  • the diameter of the 421, the diameter of the worm journal receiving hole 423 is smaller than the diameter of the sliding bearing mounting hole 422, the end of the worm main body accommodating chamber 421 is open, and the circlip wall of the worm main body accommodating chamber 421 is provided with a circlip in the circumferential direction.
  • the worm 404 includes a worm main body portion 4041, and a bearing mounting journal 4042 is integrally coupled to both ends of the worm main body portion 4041, and an input shaft journal 4043 is integrally coupled to one of the bearing mounting journals 4042; the worm main body
  • the portion 4041 is located in the worm main body accommodating chamber 421, the worm main body portion 4041 is meshed with the meshing portion 23 of the worm wheel 2, the first sliding bearing 405 is disposed in the sliding bearing mounting hole 422, and the second sliding is disposed in the worm main body accommodating chamber 421
  • the bearing 406, the worm main body portion 4041 is located between the first sliding bearing 405 and the second sliding bearing 406, and one of the two bearing mounting journals 4042 and the input shaft journal 4043
  • the connected bearing mounting journal 4042 is disposed in the first sliding bearing 405, and the other bearing mounting journal 4042 of the two bearing mounting journals 4042 is disposed in the second sliding bearing 406 in the circlip mounting groove 4211.
  • the hole circlip 407 is provided
  • the edge of the worm wheel 2 for contact with the drive rope 9 is substantially curved, the arc of the arc being centered at the center of the shaft 211 of the shaft.
  • the motor reducer assembly 401 drives the first bevel gear 402 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 402 drives the second bevel gear 403 and the worm 404 to rotate, and the interaction between the worm 404 and the worm wheel 2
  • the base knuckle 5 is bent, and the tension spring 8 is stretched.
  • the reducer assembly 401 drives the first bevel gear 402 to rotate in the reverse direction, and the interaction of the worm 404 and the worm wheel 2 causes the base joint frame 4 and the finger base knuckle 5 to rotate in the opposite direction about the axis of the hollow shaft 3, in the tension spring 8 Under the force, the finger is reset and straightened.
  • connection structure between the proximal phalanx and the basal phalanx of the prosthetic thumb can be structurally versatile with the structure of a general prosthetic finger (non-thumb).
  • connection structure of the proximal phalanx and the base phalanx of the prosthetic thumb of the embodiment of the present invention reference may be made to FIG. 12 of the accompanying drawings.
  • the connection structure of the proximal phalanx and the basal phalanx of the prosthetic thumb provided by the embodiment includes a thumb base knuckle 5' and a thumb proximal knuckle 6', and two thumbes are provided at the proximal end of the proximal phalanx 6' of the thumb.
  • the proximal knuckle connecting wing 621' is correspondingly provided with a thumb proximal knuckle connecting wing concentric hole (not shown) on the two thumb proximal knuckle connecting wings 621', and the thumb base knuckle 5' includes a thumb base finger
  • the segment main body 51' is integrally connected with the thumb wing connecting portion 52' at the distal end of the thumb base knuckle main body 51', and the width of the thumb wing connecting portion 52' is smaller than the width of the thumb base knuckle main body 51', and the thumb wing
  • the inter-connecting portion 52' is located between the two thumb proximal knuckle connecting wings 621', and has a convex hinged cylinder (not shown) on both sides of the inter-throat connecting portion 52', two thumbs
  • the proximal knuckle connecting wing concentric holes are respectively sleeved on two hinged cylinders, and
  • connection structure between the proximal phalanx and the basal phalanx of the prosthetic thumb provided by the embodiment has the versatility between the structure of the connecting wing and the hinged cylinder and the structure of the proximal knuckle of the general prosthetic finger (non-thumb).
  • the proximal knuckle of the thumb is locked by engaging and fixing the thumb proximal knuckle locking pin 56' on the thumb-based knuckle connecting wing 521' and the thumb proximal knuckle connecting wing 621', so that the thumb-based knuckle
  • the 5' and the proximal knuckle 6' of the thumb are relatively fixed, and the structure is simple, which can reduce the structural complexity of the prosthetic hand and improve the versatility of the components, thereby achieving the effect of reducing costs.
  • the thumb near the phalanx 6' and the thumb distal knuckle 7' also adopt a suit structure in the prosthetic finger
  • the thumb near phalanx 6' includes the thumb near knuckle convex head 61' and is thicker than Thumb near knuckle convex head 61' of thumb proximal knuckle body 62'
  • thumb The proximal knuckle connecting wing 621' is integrally connected to the proximal end of the thumb proximal knuckle body 62', and further includes a thumb distal knuckle 7', and a thumb distal knuckle set portion 71' is provided on the thumb distal knuckle 7'.
  • the thumb distal knuckle set portion 71' is placed over the thumb proximal knuckle convex head 61' and abuts the thumb proximal knuckle body 62'.
  • This type of kit is easy to assemble securely and reliably.
  • a thumb near the knuckle convex head 61' is provided with a screw proximal knuckle convex head threaded hole (not shown), the axis of the proximal knuckle convex head threaded hole and the thumb near knuckle convex
  • the axis of the head 61' is perpendicular, and a thumb distal knuckle screw mounting hole (not shown) is provided on the thumb distal knuckle fitting portion 71' corresponding to the proximal knuckle convex head of the thumb, and the thumb is distally knuckle mounted.
  • the screw 72' is threaded into the thumb distal knuckle screw mounting hole and connected to the thumb proximal knuckle convex head threaded hole.
  • the thumb is fixed with the distal knuckle mounting screw 72', and the thumb near the knuckle 6' and the thumb distal knuckle 7' are not easily detached.
  • the number of thumb distal knuckle mounting screws 72' is two.
  • the transmission rope and the tension spring are not required.
  • redundant pull is provided on the thumb proximal knuckle convex head 61' and the thumb proximal knuckle main body 62'.
  • the spring receiving groove is not connected to the tension spring at the thumb base knuckle 5' and the thumb proximal knuckle 6'.
  • the mounting structure of the prosthetic thumb of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a thumb mounting frame 1', a thumb rotating frame 10, a thumb front bracket 11 and a thumb rear bracket 12, and a thumb rotating frame is arranged on the thumb rotating frame 10.
  • the open slot 101, the thumb mounting frame 1' is located in the thumb rotating frame opening slot 101 and fixed on the thumb rotating frame 10, and the thumb front supporting shaft 13 is coaxially connected to both ends of the thumb rotating frame 10, respectively.
  • the thumb rear support shaft 14, the rear end of the thumb front support shaft 13 is located in the thumb rotating frame opening slot 101, the thumb front support shaft 13 is inserted on the thumb front bracket 11, and the thumb rear support shaft 14 is inserted into the thumb rear bracket 12.
  • a through-hole through hole 131 is provided along the axial direction thereof, and a wire (not shown) connected to the motor in the thumb of the prosthesis is pierced through the opening groove 101 of the thumb. 131.
  • the mounting structure of the prosthetic thumb uses a special thumb rotating frame 10 to fit the prosthetic thumb.
  • the thumb rotating frame 10 is connected to the thumb through the coaxially disposed thumb front support shaft 13 and the thumb rear support shaft 14. Front bracket 11 and posterior branch of thumb Between the frames 12, the wires connected to the motor in the prosthetic thumb pass through the thumb opening slot 101 through the wire perforations 131, and are no longer passed through the side as in the prior art, so that when the thumb rotates the frame 10Because the prosthetic thumb is rotated by the palm and the palm of the hand, the wire is not pulled and bent by the rotation of the thumb rotating frame 10, and the wire can be protected to extend its service life.
  • the thumb mounting frame 1' is provided with a thumb mounting frame fixing threaded hole (not shown), in the thumb rotating machine
  • the thumb mounting bracket fixing screw hole of the frame 10 is provided with a thumb mounting frame fixing screw mounting hole (not shown), and the thumb mounting frame fixing screw 102 is inserted in the thumb mounting frame fixing screw mounting hole and The thumb mounting bracket secures the threaded hole connection.
  • the front front support shaft 13 includes a head portion and a screw portion (not shown), the wire through hole 131 penetrates the head portion and the screw portion, and a nut seating hole is provided on the thumb front bracket 11. 111.
  • a thumb front support shaft nut 112 is disposed in the nut seating hole 111.
  • the screw portion is disposed on the thumb rotating frame 10 and the thumb front bracket 11 and connected to the thumb front support shaft nut 112.
  • the thumb rear support shaft 14 includes a thumb rear support shaft bolt (not shown) and a thumb rear support shaft nut (not shown), and the thumb rear support shaft nut is located at the thumb rotation.
  • the thumb rear support shaft bolt is threaded on the thumb rear bracket 12 and the thumb rotating frame 10 and connected to the thumb rear support shaft nut.
  • prosthetic thumb of the embodiment of the present invention are common to the parts of the general prosthetic finger, except that the name is distinguished by a "thumb", so some parts of the prosthetic thumb below are not marked with reference numerals, when reading Reference can be made to the previous figures.
  • the prosthetic thumb of the embodiment of the present invention can be specifically referred to FIG. 7 to FIG. 12 of the accompanying drawings.
  • the prosthetic thumb provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a thumb mounting frame 1', a thumb worm wheel, a thumb shaft, a thumb base joint frame, a thumb base knuckle 5', a thumb near knuckle 6', and a thumb distal knuckle 7'
  • the thumb rotates the frame 10, the thumb front bracket 11 and the thumb rear bracket 12; the thumb worm wheel is fixed on the thumb mounting frame 1', and the thumb base joint frame is rotatably connected to the thumb worm wheel through the thumb rotating shaft, the thumb base knuckle 5' fixed to the thumb joint frame
  • the thumb near knuckle 6' is fixed on the thumb base knuckle 5', the thumb distal knuckle 7' is fixed on the proximal knuckle 6' of the thumb, and the thumb motor reducer assembly and thumb are mounted in the thumb joint joint frame.
  • the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear and the thumb worm, the thumb motor reducer assembly can sequentially drive the thumb first bevel gear, the thumb second bevel gear and the thumb worm to rotate, the thumb worm wheel and the thumb worm mesh; the thumb rotates the frame 10 is provided with a thumb rotating frame opening slot 101, and the thumb mounting frame 1' is located in the thumb rotating frame opening slot 101 and fixed on the thumb rotating frame 10, and coaxially on both ends of the thumb rotating frame 10
  • the thumb front support shaft 13 and the thumb rear support shaft 14 are connected, and the rear end of the thumb front support shaft 13 is located in the thumb rotating frame opening slot 101, and the thumb front support shaft 13 is inserted on the thumb front bracket 11, and the thumb rear support shaft 14 is inserted into the thumb rear bracket 12, and a through-hole through hole 131 is provided in the thumb front support shaft 13 along the axial direction thereof, and the wire connected to the motor in the prosthetic thumb is threaded through the thumb rotation frame opening slot 101. Perforation 131 .
  • the prosthetic thumb provided by the embodiment of the present invention uses a special thumb rotation frame 10 to fit the prosthetic thumb.
  • the thumb rotation frame 10 is connected to the thumb front support frame by a coaxially disposed thumb front support shaft 13 and a thumb rear support shaft 14. Between the 11 and the thumb rear bracket 12, the wire connected to the motor in the prosthetic thumb passes through the thumb opening slot 101 through the wire through hole 131, and does not pass through the side as in the prior art.
  • the thumb rotating frame 10 is rotated by the palm and the palm of the prosthetic thumb, the wire is not pulled and bent by the rotation of the thumb rotating frame 10, and the wire can be protected to extend its service life.
  • the thumb base knuckle 5' includes a thumb base knuckle body 51', and a thumb wing joint portion 52' is integrally connected at a distal end of the thumb base knuckle body 51'.
  • the width of the thumb wing joint portion 52' is smaller than the thumb
  • the width of the base knuckle body 51' is located between the two thumb proximal knuckle connecting wings 621', and the convex thumb hinge is provided on both sides of the thumb wing connecting portion 52'.
  • Cylindrical, two thumb proximal knuckle connecting wing concentric holes are respectively placed on two thumb hinged cylinders, and two thumb-based knuckle connecting wings 521' are provided at the distal end of the inter-throat connecting portion 52'.
  • the thumb joint 526' and the thumb proximal knuckle connecting wing 621' are co-threaded and fixed with a thumb proximal knuckle locking pin 56'.
  • the structure of the connecting wing, the hinged cylinder and the general prosthetic finger has versatility between the structures, and the thumb proximal knuckle locking pin 56' is commonly worn and fixed on the thumb-based knuckle connecting wing 521' and the thumb proximal knuckle connecting wing 621'.
  • the proximal knuckle of the thumb is locked, so that the thumb base knuckle 5' and the thumb near knuckle 6' are relatively fixed, and the structure is simple, which can reduce the structural complexity of the prosthetic hand and improve the versatility of the parts, thereby achieving the cost reduction effect.
  • the thumb near the phalanx 6' and the thumb distal knuckle 7' of the present embodiment also adopt a suiting manner
  • the thumb near phalanx 6' includes a thumb near knuckle convex head 61' and
  • the thumb proximal knuckle body 62' is thicker than the thumb proximal knuckle convex head 61'
  • the thumb proximal knuckle connecting wing 621' is integrally connected to the proximal end of the thumb proximal knuckle body 62', at the thumb distal knuckle 7'
  • a thumb distal knuckle set portion 71' is provided thereon, and a thumb distal knuckle set portion 71' is fitted over the thumb proximal knuckle convex head portion 61' and abuts the thumb proximal knuckle body 62'.
  • a thumb proximal knuckle convex head portion is provided with a thumb proximal knuckle convex head threaded hole, and an axis of the thumb proximal knuckle convex head threaded hole is perpendicular to an axis of the thumb proximal knuckle convex head 61' a thumb distal knuckle screw mounting hole is arranged on the thumb distal knuckle setting portion 71' corresponding to the proximal knuckle convex head of the thumb, and the thumb distal knuckle mounting screw 72' is disposed in the thumb distal knuckle screw mounting hole.
  • the thumb is fixed with the distal knuckle mounting screw 72', and the thumb near the knuckle 6' and the thumb distal knuckle 7' are not easily detached. Since the proximal knuckle motion of the thumb is locked, the transmission rope and the tension spring are not required, and the present embodiment has redundant stretching on the thumb proximal knuckle convex head 61' and the thumb proximal knuckle main body 62'.
  • the spring receiving groove is not connected to the tension spring at the thumb base knuckle 5' and the thumb near knuckle 6'.
  • the thumb base knuckle body 51' has a cavity for accommodating the thumb motor reducer assembly, at the upper portion of the thumb motor reducer assembly mounting portion.
  • a thumb-shaped flange is arranged on the outer wall, and a thumb slot is provided on the thumb-based knuckle body 51' corresponding to the thumb-shaped flange, and a part of the thumb-based knuckle body 51' is sleeved on a part of the thumb motor reducer assembly mounting portion.
  • the thumb fan flange is located in the thumb slot.
  • the thumb worm wheel includes a thumb shaft connection portion, and a thumb shaft pivot hole is provided on the thumb shaft connection portion.
  • a thumb engaging portion and a thumb worm wheel fixing portion are integrally connected to the thumb shaft connecting portion, and the thumb worm wheel fixing portion is fixed to the thumb
  • the thumb-based joint frame includes a thumb motor reducer assembly mounting portion, a thumb worm mounting portion and two thumb shaft insertion portions, a thumb motor reducer assembly mounting portion and a thumb worm mounting portion through two
  • the thumb shaft insertion portion is integrally connected, the thumb opening portion forms a thumb opening slot, the thumb worm wheel is located in the thumb opening slot, and the thumb motor reducer assembly is mounted in the thumb motor reducer assembly mounting portion, in the thumb motor
  • the thumb output shaft of the reducer assembly is fixed with a thumb first bevel gear, a thumb worm is mounted in the thumb worm mounting portion, the thumb worm is engaged with the thumb mesh portion of the thumb worm wheel, and is fixed on the thumb input shaft journal of the thumb worm
  • the thumb has a second bevel gear, and the second bevel gear of the thumb is engaged with the first bevel gear of the thumb.
  • a redundant rope zipper portion is integrally connected to the thumb shaft connection portion, and the thumb engagement portion and the rope are pulled.
  • the thumb worm wheel used for the prosthetic thumb is actually the same worm wheel as the worm wheel 2 used for the general prosthetic finger, which can further increase the versatility of the parts.
  • a thumb motor reducer assembly mounting hole is provided in the thumb motor reducer assembly mounting portion, and the thumb motor reducer assembly includes a thumb motor connected to the thumb motor.
  • the thumb reducer assembly includes a thumb motor connected to the thumb motor.
  • the thumb worm main body accommodating cavity, the thumb sliding bearing mounting hole and the thumb worm journal accommodating hole are sequentially connected in the thumb worm mounting portion, and the diameter of the thumb sliding bearing mounting hole is smaller than the thumb worm main body accommodating cavity.
  • the diameter of the thumb worm journal receiving hole is smaller than the diameter of the thumb sliding bearing mounting hole, the end of the thumb worm main body accommodating cavity is open, and the thumb circlip is mounted on the cavity wall of the thumb worm main body accommodating cavity.
  • the thumb worm includes a thumb worm main body portion, and a thumb bearing mounting journal is integrally connected to both ends of the thumb worm main body portion, and a thumb input shaft journal is integrally connected to one of the thumb bearing mounting journals; the thumb worm main The body is located in the thumb worm main body accommodating cavity, the thumb worm main body portion is engaged with the thumb meshing portion of the thumb worm wheel, the thumb first sliding bearing is arranged in the thumb sliding bearing mounting hole, and the thumb second is arranged in the thumb worm main body accommodating cavity. a sliding bearing, the main body of the thumb worm is located between the first sliding bearing of the thumb and the second sliding bearing of the thumb, and one of the two thumb bearing mounting journals is connected to the thumb of the thumb input shaft and the journal is mounted on the thumb.
  • the other thumb bearing mounting journal of the two thumb bearing is mounted in the second sliding bearing of the thumb, and a circlip with a thumb hole is provided in the thumb circlip mounting groove, the thumb
  • the two sliding bearings are located between the main body of the thumb worm and the circlip for the thumb hole.
  • the thumb output shaft journal and the thumb input shaft journal are all D-shaped cross-section journals, and the thumb first bevel gear and the thumb second bevel gear both have a D-shaped central hole and a thumb first cone.
  • the D-shaped central hole of the gear is sleeved on the D-shaped journal of the thumb of the thumb output shaft, and the D-shaped central hole of the second bevel gear of the thumb is sleeved on the thumb input shaft journal.
  • the front front support shaft 13 includes a head portion and a screw portion.
  • the wire through hole 131 penetrates the head portion and the screw portion.
  • the thumb front bracket 11 is provided with a nut seating hole 111, and the nut seating hole 111 is provided.
  • a thumb front support shaft nut 112 is disposed therein, and the screw portion is disposed on the thumb rotating frame 10 and the thumb front bracket 11 and connected to the thumb front support shaft nut 112.
  • the thumb rear support shaft 14 includes a thumb rear support shaft bolt and a thumb rear support shaft nut, and the thumb rear support shaft nut is located in the thumb rotation frame opening slot 101, and the thumb rear support shaft bolt is pierced.
  • the thumb rear bracket 12 and the thumb are rotated on the frame 10 and connected to the thumb rear support shaft nut.
  • the prosthetic hand provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts the prosthetic finger as the general prosthetic finger, and uses the prosthetic thumb as the prosthetic thumb.
  • the mounting structure of the prosthetic finger of the prosthetic hand according to the embodiment of the present invention can be referred to the specification.
  • the mounting structure of the general prosthetic finger of the prosthetic hand comprises a prosthetic hand substrate 15, a finger coupler 16 and a finger mounting frame 1 of a general prosthetic finger; and a stepped hole is provided in the finger coupler 16 ( Not shown in the drawing), the stepped tension nut 161 is located in the stepped hole, and the prosthetic hand substrate 15 is located at the large diameter of the tension nut 161 On the side where the end is located, the finger mounting frame 1 is located on the side of the small diameter end of the tension nut 161; on the prosthetic hand substrate 15, the internal thread of the corresponding pull nut 161 is provided with a finger substrate coupling screw mounting hole (not shown in the figure)
  • the finger substrate coupling screw 151 is disposed in the finger substrate coupling screw mounting hole and connected to the internal thread of the tension nut 161; the finger mounting screw 1 is provided with a finger coupling screw mounting hole on the finger mounting frame 1 Not shown in the figure), the finger coupling screw 162 is inserted in the finger coupling
  • the mounting structure of the general prosthetic finger of the prosthetic hand connects the general prosthetic finger and the prosthetic hand substrate 15 by using a finger coupler 16, a stepped pull nut 161, a finger coupling screw 162 and a finger substrate coupling screw 151.
  • a finger coupler 16 a stepped pull nut 161
  • a finger coupling screw 162 a finger substrate coupling screw 151.
  • the connection is reliable and is not easy to loose.
  • the number of the stepped hole, the tension nut 161, the finger coupling screw 162, and the finger substrate coupling screw 151 are all four, that is, four general prosthetic fingers are simultaneously connected by one finger.
  • the device 16 is connected to the prosthetic hand substrate 15.
  • a prosthetic hand back shell 17 is fixed on the prosthetic hand substrate 15, and the prosthetic hand back shell 17 has a general prosthetic finger base joint joint guard portion 171, a general prosthesis
  • the finger-based knuckle guard portion 171 is located at the base knuckles of the four general prosthetic fingers, so that the general prosthetic fingers can be protected to some extent.
  • the prosthetic hand provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts the prosthetic finger as the general prosthetic finger, and uses the prosthetic thumb as the prosthetic thumb. Therefore, the prosthetic hand of the embodiment of the present invention can refer to FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings. Figure 13. Since the finger portion of the prosthetic hand has been described in detail above, the installation of the general prosthetic finger has also been described, so the description will not be repeated here. Here, only the prosthetic thumb is simply mounted on the prosthetic hand substrate: the thumb front bracket 11 is fixed on the prosthetic hand substrate 15, the wrist coupling 18 is fixed on the prosthetic hand substrate 15, and the thumb rear bracket 12 is fixed to the wrist coupling member. 18 on.
  • the prosthetic hand provided in this embodiment is assembled from the foregoing aspects.
  • the general prosthetic finger connection is reliable, the wire of the prosthetic thumb is protected, not easy to break, and the reliability is higher.
  • the partial structure of the prosthetic thumb and the prosthetic finger is common, which can reduce the cost, and the connection between the components is reliable and easy to assemble.
  • the prosthetic hand of this embodiment has a self-locking function because it uses a worm gear pair.
  • the prosthetic thumb of the present embodiment can perform the posture rotation so as to have two states of the palm and the side palm, and when the inversion is reversed, the disabled person uses the hand to move it as the swinging motion.
  • the prosthetic hand provided by this embodiment combines several aspects of improvement, but does not mean that they must be implemented together, and the improvement of each part can also be applied to the existing prosthetic hand and its fingers separately.
  • the connection structure between the proximal phalanx of the prosthetic finger and the basal knuckle, the improvement of the connection structure between the distal phalanx and the proximal phalanx of the prosthetic finger and the movement of the proximal knuckle of the prosthetic finger are not necessarily related to the cable drive.
  • the movement of the knuckles can also be driven by a connecting rod.
  • the partial structure given by the embodiment of the prosthetic finger can be applied not only to a general finger but also to a thumb.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

一种假肢手的一般假肢手指的安装结构,其包括假肢手基板(15)、手指基板联接螺钉(151)、手指联接器(16)、拉力螺母(161)、手指联接螺钉(162)和一般假肢手指的手指安装机架(1);当所述一般假肢手指处于伸直状态时,所述手指联接螺钉(162)的轴线垂直于所述一般假肢手指的指向。其采用手指联接器(16)、阶梯形的拉力螺母(161)、手指联接螺钉(162)和手指基板联接螺钉(151)将一般假肢手指和假肢手基板(15)联接起来,且手指联接螺钉(162)的轴线垂直于一般假肢手指的指向,联接可靠,不易松动。

Description

假肢手的一般假肢手指的安装结构
本专利申请要求申请日为2015年11月18日、申请号为201510799679X的中国专利申请的优先权,并将上述专利申请以引用的方式全文引入本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及仿生手,尤其涉及可用于残疾人的假肢手、其手指及其部分结构。
背景技术
人手一般具有五根手指,依次为拇指、食指、中指、无名指和小指,除拇指具有特殊的运动规律以外,其他四根手指的运动规律基本相同。每根手指分为三节指节,依次为基指节、近指节和远指节,它们通过相应位置的关节相连,指甲长在远指节上。对于某些残疾人来说,需要利用假肢手来实现人手的基本功能。
在2007年之前,市场上销售最多的假肢手为德国OTTOBOCK公司生产的单自由度假肢手,该型假肢手只具有基本的开合功能,其基本工作原理是:肌电信号传感器感知残疾人的运动需求并将相应信号发送给微控制器,微控制器发出控制指令使微电机运转,微电机通过机械传动链带动假肢手指运动,从而实现假肢手的开合。
随着机器人领域的多指灵巧手技术的发展,对多自由度假肢手的研究起到了巨大的推动作用。在2007年之后,多款多自由度假肢手被研究出来,其中绝大部分多自由度假肢手采用了欠驱动机构,即一般一个手指只需一台微型驱动电机,而手指的基指关节(对应于基指节与手掌之间的连接关节)及近指关节(对应于近指节与基指节之间的连接关节)的运动是耦合的,由一台微型驱动电机同时基指节的转动和近指节的转动。其中基指关节的机械传动常采用索(绳)传动、锥齿轮副传动、蜗轮副传动或滑动螺旋副传动等,而近指关节的机械传动常采用索(绳)传动、连杆传动或齿轮副传动等。基指关节传动链及近指关节传动链的不同组合,可形成不同的 产品。目前市场上销售较多的假肢手有两种,一种假肢手的手指基指关节采用蜗轮副传动,近指关节采用索(绳)传动,另一种假肢手的手指基指关节采用滑动螺旋副传动,近指关节采用连杆传动。
假肢手的零部件较多,其设计涉及到多方面的问题,比如如何使这些零部件相互配合以实现类似于人手的基本功能、如何保证工作的可靠性、如何减轻结构的复杂性和装配的难度、如何减少成本、如何使结构美观等等,这些问题可以分解为很多具体的问题。尽管目前假肢手实现了产品化,但其仍然在设计上存在诸多缺陷,例如:现有的一款iLim假肢手,其手指直流电机的导线连接于基指关节安装机架的导线输出器上,导线输出器具固定套筒,滑动导针,压缩弹簧。结构复杂,难于小型化,且占据了设计空间,其手指联接器结构及外形复杂,包括与手指滑动导针相接触的导电柱,造型复杂的基关节外罩。
发明人在研发假肢手的过程中,发现现有技术中至少存在如下问题:
1、假肢手指的基指关节零部件较多,装配关系复杂,难以对零部件进行有效而准确的定位,装配难度高,特别是有些现有假肢手指的基指关节结构,其装配结构简陋,导致基指关节的工作可靠性较差,容易出现故障。
2、某些现有的假肢手指,其假肢手指的基指节与基关节的连接结构复杂,其手指基指节难于装配到基关节结构上,不能简单有效地装配。
3、某些近指关节采用索传动的现有假肢手指,其传动绳索的近端连接在蜗轮上,但是其采用的具体连接结构不便于进行装配,传动绳索的近端也容易发生脱落现象,不利于假肢手的可靠使用。
4、某些现有假肢手指,其近指关节采用索传动,频繁的屈指和展指操作容易使传动绳索在手指基指节上受到摩擦和刮蹭,长时间使用容易使传动绳索磨损甚至断裂,影响索传动机构的使用寿命。
5、有些现有的假肢手指,其手指近指节与手指基指节之间采用拉伸弹簧连接以实现展指时手指近指节的自动复位,而拉伸弹簧的端部采用的是固定连接的方式,因此拉伸弹簧频繁地受到拉力及弯 矩的复合作用,长期使用会使拉伸弹簧发生弯曲残余变形。这样会使假肢手指出现屈指、展指不到位的情况,降低了假肢手指和假肢手的使用性能。
6、有些现有的假肢手指,其在结构上没有区分出手指远指节和手指近指节,不便于手指近指节与其他零部件的装配,或者其手指近指节与手指远指节采用端面贴合,然后用其他连接件连接的连接方式,连接的可靠性差,结构也不够美观。
7、现有的假肢手指,由于其部分结构存在前述的问题,导致整个假肢手指的工作可靠性较差,并且也不便于装配。
8、由于人的拇指的近指节运动量很小,因而假肢拇指的设计可以不考虑该运动。但某些现有的假肢拇指,其拇指近指节和拇指基指节之间的结构与一般假肢手指(非拇指)的手指近指节和手指远指节的连接结构有很大的差异,这就需要专门区别地设计和制造拇指的结构,或者需要专门设计和制造拇指近指节和拇指基指节的结构,假肢拇指与一般假肢手指的区别会造成额外的工作量和加工成本,零部件的通用性也较差,不利于降低成本。
9、拇指具有对掌和侧掌两种姿态,因而,假肢拇指需要作姿态回转运动,但是现有的假肢拇指采用的安装结构,其连接电机的导线是从侧面引出的,这样假肢拇指在作侧掌及对掌姿态转换时,导线受到拉动,长期使用会造成导线折断,事实上这类假肢拇指的导线折断是常发故障。
10、现有的假肢拇指,由于其部分结构存在前述的问题,导致整个假肢手指成本较高、容易发生故障、工作可靠性较差;
11、某些现有的假肢手,其一般假肢手指(除拇指外的其他四根假肢手指)的安装结构为:一般假肢手指与假肢手的手指联接器之间采用手指轴向单螺钉联接,一般手指伸直时,手指轴向单螺钉与手指的指向相同,联接不可靠,短期使用就会造成联接松动。
12、现有的假肢手,由于其部分结构存在前面所说的问题,导致假肢手的可靠性较差、成本较高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,针对现有假肢手的一般假肢手指安装结构 的不足,提供一种联接更可靠的假肢手的一般假肢手指的安装结构。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种假肢手的一般假肢手指的安装结构,其特征在于,包括假肢手基板、手指联接器和一般假肢手指的手指安装机架;
在所述手指联接器内设有阶梯形孔,阶梯形的拉力螺母位于所述阶梯形孔中,所述假肢手基板位于所述拉力螺母的大直径端所在的一侧,所述手指安装机架位于所述拉力螺母的小直径端所在的一侧;
在所述假肢手基板上对应所述拉力螺母的内螺纹设有手指基板联接螺钉安装孔,手指基板联接螺钉穿设在所述手指基板联接螺钉安装孔中并与所述拉力螺母的内螺纹相连;
在所述手指安装机架上对应所述拉力螺母的内螺纹设有手指联接螺钉安装孔,手指联接螺钉穿设在所述手指联接螺钉安装孔中并与所述拉力螺母的内螺纹相连;
当所述一般假肢手指处于伸直状态时,所述手指联接螺钉的轴线垂直于所述一般假肢手指的指向。
本发明提供的上述技术方案的主要有益效果在于,其采用手指联接器、阶梯形的拉力螺母、手指联接螺钉和手指基板联接螺钉将一般假肢手指和假肢手基板联接起来,且手指联接螺钉的轴线垂直于一般假肢手指的指向,联接可靠,不易松动。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的假肢手指的结构示意图;
图2为本发明实施例的手指远指节的剖视结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例的手指近指节的剖视结构示意图;
图4为本发明实施例的手指基指节的剖视结构示意图;
图5为图1中手指近指节及其附近区域内的局部放大图;
图6为当手指近指节相对于手指基指节转动后,与图5对应的局部放大图;
图7为图1中基关节机架及其附近区域内的局部放大图;
图8为本发明实施例的基关节机架的剖视结构示意图;
图9为本发明实施例的电机减速器组件的结构示意图;
图10为本发明实施例的蜗杆的结构示意图;
图11为本发明实施例的蜗轮的结构示意图;
图12为本发明实施例的假肢拇指的结构示意图;
图13为本发明实施例的假肢手的结构示意图。
附图标号说明:
1-手指安装机架;2-蜗轮;21-转轴连接部;211-转轴穿孔;22-绳索拉拽部;23-啮合部;24-蜗轮固定部;241-蜗轮固定销钉孔;242-蜗轮固定销钉;25-带豁口圆孔;251-索环;3-空心轴;4-基关节机架;41-电机减速器组件安装部;411-电机减速器组件安装孔;412-扇形凸缘;413-限位凸缘;42-蜗杆安装部;421-蜗杆主体容纳腔;4211-弹性挡圈安装槽;422-滑动轴承安装孔;423-蜗杆轴颈容纳孔;43-转轴穿接部;431-转轴穿接同心孔;44-开口槽;401-电机减速器组件;4011-电机;4012-减速器;4013-安装颈;4014-输出轴轴颈;402-第一锥齿轮;403-第二锥齿轮;404-蜗杆;4041-蜗杆主体部;4042-轴承安装轴颈;4043-输入轴轴颈;405-第一滑动轴承;406-第二滑动轴承;407-孔用弹性挡圈;408-手指尾罩;5-手指基指节;51-基指节主体;511-槽孔;512-基指节螺钉安装孔;513-滚轮销钉;514-滚轮;52-翼间连接部;521-基指节连接翼,5211-拉伸弹簧近端圆柱销钉安装孔;5212-弧形遮板;6-手指近指节;61-凸头部;611-凸头部螺纹孔;612-凸头部环形槽;613-传动绳索连接柱;62-近指节主体;621-近指节连接翼;6211-近指节连接翼同心孔;63-拉伸弹簧容纳槽;631-拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉安装孔;7-手指远指节;71-套装部;711-套装腔;712-远指节螺钉安装孔;72-远指节安装螺钉;8-拉伸弹簧;81-拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉;82-拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉;9-传动绳索;1′-拇指安装机架;5′-拇指基指节;51′-拇指基指节主体;52′-拇指翼间连接部;521′-拇指基指节连接翼;6′-拇指近指节;61′-拇指近指节凸头部;62′-拇指近指节主体;621′-拇指近指节连接翼;56′-拇指近指关节锁定销钉;7′-拇指远指节;71′-拇指远指节套装部;72′-拇指远指节安装螺钉;10-拇指转动机架;101-拇指转动机架开口槽;102-拇指安装机架固定螺钉;11-拇指前支架;111-螺母安置孔;112-拇指前支承轴螺母;12-拇指后 支架;13-拇指前支承轴;131-导线穿孔;14-拇指后支承轴;15-假肢手基板;151-手指基板联接螺钉;16-手指联接器;161-拉力螺母;162-手指联接螺钉;17-假肢手背壳;171-一般假肢手指基指关节护罩部;18-腕部联接件。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明实施例的假肢手、假肢手指及其各部分的结构进行详细描述。
为便于准确理解本实施例的描述,在进行说明之前,先对本实施例中提及的方位词语进行解释:在假肢手指以及具体的组成零件上,“远端”指靠近手指指尖的一端,“近端”与“远端”相对,“近端”指靠近手指根部(或者手指基指关节或手掌)的一端;代表方位的“上”,指手指伸直时,手指上与手背所在的方位对应的方位;代表方位的“下”,指手指上与手掌所在的方位对应的方位;代表方位的“侧”,指既非“上”也非“下”的另外两个方位,即相邻的手指所在的方位;“邻指侧面”指“侧面”,即手指上的面向相邻手指的侧面,非“上”也非“下”。下面先对本实施例的假肢手指的各个组成部分进行说明,然后对假肢手指的整体进行说明。
1、假肢手指的基指关节结构
假肢手指的基指关节主要完成类似于人手基指关节的功能,人手的基指关节用来连接手指基指节和手掌,使手指基指节与手掌可转动地连接在一起。本发明实施例的假肢手指的基指关节结构具体可以参见说明书附图中的图7至图11。本发明实施例提供的假肢手指的基指关节结构,其包括基关节机架4、转轴(在本实施例中为空心轴3)和蜗轮2,在基关节机架4内固定有电机减速器组件401,在电机减速器组件401的输出轴轴颈4014上固定有第一锥齿轮402,在基关节机架4内通过孔用弹性挡圈407和两个滑动轴承安装有蜗杆404,在蜗杆404的输入轴轴颈4043上固定有第二锥齿轮403,第二锥齿轮403与第一锥齿轮402啮合,基关节机架4具有开口槽44,蜗轮2位于开口槽44中,蜗轮2与蜗杆404啮合,转轴穿设在基关节机架4和蜗轮2上。
本实施例提供的假肢手指的基指关节结构,其能够实现类似于 手指基指关节的功能,其通过开口槽44安装蜗轮2,转轴同时穿设在基关节机架4和蜗轮2上,开口槽44能对蜗轮2进行约束使其转动平稳,通过孔用弹性挡圈407和两个滑动轴承安装有蜗杆404,使蜗杆404灵活转动且可靠定位,减轻了装配的难度,能够提高基指关节结构的工作可靠性。
具体地,基关节机架4包括电机减速器组件安装部41、蜗杆安装部42和两个转轴穿接部43,电机减速器组件安装部41和蜗杆安装部42通过两个转轴穿接部43连接为一体,两个转轴穿接部43之间构成开口槽44,电机减速器组件401固定在电机减速器组件安装部41上,蜗杆404安装在蜗杆安装部42中,在蜗轮2上设有转轴穿孔211,在两个转轴穿接部43上对应转轴穿孔211设有转轴穿接同心孔431,转轴穿设在转轴穿孔211和两个转轴穿接同心孔431中。
进一步地,为了将电机减速器组件401固定在电机减速器组件安装部41上,在所述电机减速器组件安装部(41)内设有电机减速器组件安装孔(411),所述电机减速器组件(401)包括电机(4011),在所述电机(4011)上连接有减速器(4012),在所述减速器(4012)上设有安装颈(4013),所述安装颈(4013)的直径小于所述减速器(4012)的直径,所述输出轴轴颈(4014)从所述安装颈(4013)中伸出,所述安装颈(4013)固定在所述电机减速器组件安装孔(411)中。这里利用了电机减速器组件401的安装颈4013部位进行固定,电机减速器组件安装孔(411)的结构简单。
进一步地,为便于安装蜗杆404,在蜗杆安装部42内相互连通地依次设有蜗杆主体容纳腔421、滑动轴承安装孔422和蜗杆轴颈容纳孔423,滑动轴承安装孔422的直径小于蜗杆主体容纳腔421的直径,蜗杆轴颈容纳孔423的直径小于滑动轴承安装孔422的直径,蜗杆主体容纳腔421的端部开口,在蜗杆主体容纳腔421的腔壁上沿环向设有弹性挡圈安装槽4211,蜗杆404包括蜗杆主体部4041,蜗轮2与蜗杆主体部4041啮合,在蜗杆主体部4041两端分别一体地连接有轴承安装轴颈4042,在其中一个轴承安装轴颈4042上一体地连接有输入轴轴颈4043,两个滑动轴承分别为第一滑动轴承405 和第二滑动轴承406,蜗杆主体部4041位于蜗杆主体容纳腔421内,第一滑动轴承405位于滑动轴承安装孔422中,第二滑动轴承406位于蜗杆主体容纳腔421内,蜗杆主体部4041位于第一滑动轴承405和第二滑动轴承406之间,两个轴承安装轴颈4042分别穿设在第一滑动轴承405和第二滑动轴承406中,在弹性挡圈安装槽4211中设有孔用弹性挡圈407,第二滑动轴承406位于蜗杆主体部4041和孔用弹性挡圈407之间。这里通过对蜗轮和蜗轮安装部各个零部件的结构进行精细化设计(例如借用结构中的各种孔、槽实现零部件的安装和约束定位),结构简单,易于装配,工作可靠。具体地,在装配蜗杆404时,可先将第一滑动轴承405从蜗杆主体容纳腔421的开口端装入滑动轴承安装孔422中,将蜗杆404置入,然后安装第二滑动轴承406,最后安装孔用弹性挡圈407完成蜗杆404的定位装配。
优选地,本实施例的转轴为空心轴3,在基关节机架4上连接有手指尾罩408,手指尾罩408遮罩着第一锥齿轮402和第二锥齿轮403,手指尾罩408具有两个插接柱(图中未示出),两个插接柱分别插接在空心轴3的两端。这里手指尾罩408可以对两个锥齿轮的连接位置进行遮罩保护,转轴采用空心轴3一方面可以起到在保证结构强度的同时减轻重量的作用,另一方面也辅助了手指尾罩408的装配,巧妙地利用手指尾罩408上的插接柱实现手指尾罩408的装配。
进一步地,本实施例中,输出轴轴颈4014和输入轴轴颈4043均为D形截面轴颈,第一锥齿轮402和第二锥齿轮403均具有D形中心孔,第一锥齿轮402的D形中心孔套在输出轴轴颈4014的D形截面轴颈上,第二锥齿轮403的D形中心孔套在输入轴轴颈4043上。这里采用D形中心孔配合D形截面轴颈,采用D形截面孔轴约束实现锥齿轮的装配,进一步简化了装配的难度。
优选地,本实施例的输出轴轴颈4014的中心轴线与输入轴轴颈4043的中心轴线正交。具体地,电机减速器组件安装孔411的中心轴线与滑动轴承安装孔422的中心轴线正交。
具体地,为了连接其他零件,在基关节机架4上固定有手指基 指节5,蜗轮2固定在手指安装机架1上。
2、假肢手指的基指节与基关节的连接结构
假肢手指的手指基指节5要相对于基关节机架4固定。本发明实施例的假肢手指的基指节与基关节的连接结构具体可以参见说明书附图中的图4、图7和图8。本发明实施例提供的假肢手指的基指节与基关节的连接结构,其包括基关节机架4和手指基指节5,基关节机架4包括电机减速器组件安装部41,在电机减速器组件安装部41内设有电机减速器组件安装孔411,电机减速器组件401的一部分固定在电机减速器组件安装孔411中,手指基指节5包括基指节主体51,基指节主体51具有用于容纳电机减速器组件401的空腔,在电机减速器组件安装部41的上部外壁上设有扇形凸缘412,在基指节主体51上对应扇形凸缘412设有槽孔511,基指节主体51的一部分套着电机减速器组件安装部41的一部分,扇形凸缘412位于槽孔511中。
本实施例提供的假肢手指的基指节与基关节的连接结构,其利用基指节主体51上的槽孔511和基关节机架4的电机减速器组件安装部41上的扇形凸缘412,以套装的方式进行配合装配,易于实现两者的相互定位,装配结构简单。
进一步地,在电机减速器组件安装部41上设有基指节螺钉螺纹孔(图中未示出),基指节螺钉螺纹孔的轴线垂直于电机减速器组件401的轴线,在基指节主体51上对应基指节螺钉螺纹孔设有基指节螺钉安装孔512,在基指节螺钉安装孔512中穿设有基指节固定螺钉(图中未示出),基指节固定螺钉连接在基指节螺钉螺纹孔中。这里结合基指节固定螺钉进一步固定,从多个不同的方向进行约束,基指节主体51不易从电机减速器组件安装部41上脱落,固定更加可靠。
进一步地,基指节固定螺钉的头部位于基指节主体51的邻指侧面上。这里让基指节固定螺钉的头部位于手指的邻指侧面,由于相邻手指的遮挡作用(例如四根手指并排伸直时),在一定程度上可以使基指节固定螺钉变得隐蔽,增强了美观性。优选地,本实施例中基指节固定螺钉的个数为两个。
进一步地,在电机减速器组件安装部41上设有限位凸缘413,基指节主体51的近端与限位凸缘413相抵。这里限位凸缘413可以起到辅助定位的作用,防止基指节主体51发生轴向窜动。
3、假肢手指的蜗轮与传动绳索的连接结构
对于基指关节运动采用蜗轮蜗杆、近指关节运动采用索传动的假肢手指,其传动绳索的近端需要连接在蜗轮上。本发明实施例的假肢手指的蜗轮与传动绳索的连接结构具体可以参见说明书附图中的图7和图11。本实施例提供的假肢手指的蜗轮与传动绳索的连接结构,其包括传动绳索9和蜗轮2,蜗轮2包括转轴连接部21,在转轴连接部21上一体地连接有用于拉拽传动绳索9的绳索拉拽部22、用于与蜗杆404啮合的啮合部23和用于与手指固定机架1固定连接的蜗轮固定部24,在啮合部23与绳索拉拽部22之间设有带豁口圆孔25,在带豁口圆孔25中安装有索环251,传动绳索9的近端为单线对折而成的双线结构,传动绳索9的近端套在索环251的缩径处,带豁口圆孔25的孔边缘卡在索环251的缩径处。
本实施例提供的假肢手指的蜗轮与传动绳索的连接结构,其传动绳索9的近端借助带豁口圆孔25和索环251进行连接,传动绳索9的近端为单线对折而成的双线结构,装配起来较为简单,传动绳索9不易脱落,连接可靠性更好。
进一步地,所述带豁口圆孔25的豁口处为圆角过渡。这里采用圆角过渡,避免对传动绳索9进行刺伤或割伤,可延长传动绳索9的使用寿命。
进一步地,在转轴连接部21上设有转轴穿孔211,绳索拉拽部22的用于与传动绳索9接触的边缘基本呈弧形,该弧形的弧线以转轴穿孔211的中心为圆心。这里绳索拉拽部22的边缘采用弧形结构,且该弧形的弧线以转轴穿孔211的中心为圆心,因此在绳索拉拽部22拉拽传动绳索9时,传动绳索9会贴在该弧形边缘上被拉拽,这样能够保证传动绳索9与绳索拉拽部22有较大的接触面,能够使传动绳索9近端的受力更均匀,也能够起到保护传动绳索9,延长使用寿命的作用。
本实施例的蜗轮2固定在手指安装机架1上,具体地,在蜗轮 固定部24上设有蜗轮固定销钉孔241,在蜗轮固定销钉孔241中穿设有蜗轮固定销钉242,蜗轮固定销钉242固定在手指安装机架1上。具体地,本实施例采用了两个蜗轮固定销钉242。
4、假肢手指的索传动结构
在进行屈指操作时,假肢手指的索传动结构中的传动绳索拉拽手指近指节,使其绕近指关节转动。传动绳索在屈指和展指过程中需要受到保护。本实施例的假肢手指的索传动结构具体可以参见说明书附图中的图1至图4,以及图7。本实施例提供的假肢手指的索传动结构,其包括传动绳索9和手指基指节5,传动绳索9贯穿手指基指节5的内部空间,手指基指节5包括基指节主体51,传动绳索9位于基指节主体51内的下部,在基指节主体51下部壁面的与传动绳索9对应的位置固定有滚轮销钉513,滚轮销钉513的轴线垂直于基指节主体51的轴线,在滚轮销钉513上套装有滚轮514,滚轮514的一部分伸入基指节主体51的壁面以内的空间。
本实施例提供的假肢手指的索传动结构,其在手指基指节5的基指节主体51上对应传动绳索9安装有滚轮销钉513和滚轮514,滚轮514的一部分伸入基指节主体51的壁面以内,当近指关节进行屈指和展指操作时,若传动绳索9压向基指节主体51的壁面,则传动绳索9会压在滚轮514上,这样可以减轻手指基指节5对传动绳索9造成的摩擦和刮蹭,起到保护传动绳索9、延长其使用寿命的作用。优选地,本实施例的传动绳索9采用的是尼龙绳。其可以选用高强尼龙绳。
具体地,由于本实施例的基指关节运动采用了蜗轮蜗杆,因此传动绳索9的远端与手指近指节6相连,传动绳索9的近端与蜗轮2相连。
为了将传动绳索9的远端与手指近指节6相连,在手指近指节6的远端设有传动绳索连接柱613,传动绳索9的远端连接在传动绳索连接柱613上。这里利用手指近指节6远端的传动绳索连接柱613,便于将传动绳索9的远端连接起来。进一步地,手指近指节6包括凸头部61和粗于凸头部61的近指节主体62,传动绳索连接柱613设置在凸头部61的远端,在凸头部61上套有手指远指节7,在手指 远指节7上设有套装部71,套装部71套在凸头部61上并与近指节主体62相抵,传动绳索9的一部分夹在套装部71与凸头部61之间。这里套装部71也其可以起到压紧传动绳索9的作用,进一步保证了传动绳索9的远端不易脱落。
为了将传动绳索9的近端与蜗轮2相连,蜗轮2包括转轴连接部21,在转轴连接部21上一体地连接有用于拉拽传动绳索9的绳索拉拽部22、用于与蜗杆404啮合的啮合部23和用于与手指固定机架1固定连接的蜗轮固定部24,在啮合部23与绳索拉拽部22之间设有带豁口圆孔25,在带豁口圆孔25中安装有索环251,传动绳索9的近端为单线对折而成的双线结构,传动绳索9的近端套在索环251的缩径处,带豁口圆孔25的孔边缘卡在索环251的缩径处。这里传动绳索9的近端借助带豁口圆孔25和索环251进行连接,装配起来较为简单,传动绳索9不易脱落。
5、假肢手指的近指节与基指节的连接结构
为了在展指时进行自动复位,假肢手指的手指近指节与手指基指节之间需要采用弹性部件连接,该部分结构也需要保证使用性能。本实施例的假肢手指的近指节与基指节的连接结构具体可以参见说明书附图中的图2至图6。本实施例提供的假肢手指的近指节与基指节的连接结构,其包括手指基指节5、手指近指节6和拉伸弹簧8,手指近指节6可转动地连接在手指基指节5上,在手指近指节6上固定有拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉81,在手指基指节5上固定有拉伸弹簧近端圆柱销钉82,拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉81和拉伸弹簧近端圆柱销钉82的轴线均与手指近指节5的转动轴线平行,拉伸弹簧8的两端分别套在拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉81和拉伸弹簧近端圆柱销钉82上。
本实施例提供的假肢手指的近指节与基指节的连接结构,其拉伸弹簧8的两端不再采用固定连接,而是在手指近指节6上固定拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉81,在手指基指节5上固定拉伸弹簧近端圆柱销钉82,拉伸弹簧8的两端分别套在这两个圆柱销钉上,这样在手指近指节6绕手指基指节5转动的过程中,由于拉伸弹簧8拉力的存在,拉伸弹簧8的远端会绕拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉81转动,拉伸 弹簧8的近端会绕拉伸弹簧近端圆柱销钉82转动,这样可大幅减小甚至消除拉伸弹簧8所受的弯矩作用,长时间使用也不会使拉伸弹簧8产生弯曲残余变形,从而可以提升假肢手指和假肢手的使用性能。
为了将手指近指节6可转动地连接在手指基指节5上,在手指近指节6的近端设有两个近指节连接翼621,在两个近指节连接翼621上对应地设有近指节连接翼同心孔6211,手指基指节5包括基指节主体51,在基指节主体51的远端一体地连接有翼间连接部52,翼间连接部52的宽度小于基指节主体51的宽度,翼间连接部52位于两个近指节连接翼621之间,在翼间连接部52的两个侧面上设有凸起的铰接圆柱(图中未示出),两个近指节连接翼同心孔6211分别套在两个铰接圆柱上。这里采用近指节连接翼621、近指节连接翼同心孔6211、翼间连接部52、铰接圆柱这些结构实现可转动地连接,减少了零件的数量,且这些结构可以在其他方向对手指近指节6和手指基指节5的运动形成约束,使连接较为可靠,转动过程更稳定。
为了固定拉伸弹簧近端圆柱销钉82,在翼间连接部52的远端设有两个基指节连接翼521,拉伸弹簧8的近端位于两个基指节连接翼521之间,在基指节连接翼521上设有拉伸弹簧近端圆柱销钉安装孔5211,拉伸弹簧近端圆柱销钉82穿设并固定在拉伸弹簧近端圆柱销钉安装孔5211中。
为了布置拉伸弹簧8和固定拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉81,在手指近指节6上设有拉伸弹簧容纳槽63,在拉伸弹簧容纳槽63的槽壁上设有拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉安装孔631,拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉81穿设并固定在拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉安装孔631中。
本实施例中,基指节连接翼521的远端边缘为弧形边缘,手指近指节6上具有与该弧形边缘相匹配的弧形壁面,在两个基指节连接翼521之间共同连接有弧形遮板5212,弧形遮板5212沿该弧形边缘布置并位于拉伸弹簧8的近端的上方。这里手指近指节6和手指基指节5采用弧形配合,结合弧形遮板5212的设计,可以减小近指关节上方的缝隙,在一定程度上起到防止物体进入和美观的效果。
6、假肢手指的远指节与近指节的连接结构
本实施例的假肢手指的远指节与近指节的连接结构具体可以参见说明书附图中的图2至图6。本实施例提供的假肢手指的远指节与近指节的连接结构,其包括手指近指节6和手指远指节7,手指近指节6包括凸头部61和粗于凸头部61的近指节主体62,在手指远指节7上设有套装部71,在套装部71内具有与凸头部61相匹配的套装腔711,凸头部61位于套装腔711内,套装部71套在凸头部61上并与近指节主体62相抵。
本实施例提供的假肢手指的远指节与近指节的连接结构,其利用凸头部61、近指节主体62、套装部71、套装腔711这些结构特点,通过套装的方式相互连接,能够为其他零部件留下装配空间,便于手指近指节6与其他零部件的预先装配;能够使手指近指节6和手指远指节7之间有较多的接触点和接触面,可在一定程度上同时实现手指远指节6的径向和轴向定位,便于手指近指节6和手指远指节7之间的装配,提高连接的可靠性;另外套装部71的套装方式也能使手指远指节6的外表面有更长的连续表面,这也可以起到使手指外形更加美观的效果。优选地,凸头部61呈锥形。
进一步地,在凸头部61内设有凸头部螺纹孔611,凸头部螺纹孔611的轴线与凸头部61的轴线垂直,在套装部71上对应凸头部螺纹孔611设有远指节螺钉安装孔712,远指节安装螺钉72穿设在远指节螺钉安装孔712中并与凸头部螺纹孔611相连。这里在套装之后进一步采用远指节安装螺钉72固定,且远指节安装螺钉72的方向与凸头部61的轴线方向垂直,不仅能限制套装部71的转动,也能限制套装部71相对于凸头部61的轴向运动,在多个方向上对套装部71的约束,可以使手指近指节6和手指远指节7之间的固定更加可靠。优选地,远指节安装螺钉72的个数为两个。
进一步地,远指节安装螺钉72的头部位于套装部71的邻指侧面上。这里让远指节安装螺钉72的头部位于手指的侧面,由于相邻手指的遮挡作用(例如四根手指并排伸直时),在一定程度上可以使远指节安装螺钉72变得隐蔽,增强了美观性。另一方面远指节安装螺钉72位于这样的方位时,也可以避开假肢手指上其他的机构(例如索传动机构和弹簧复位机构)。在本实施例中,远指节安装螺钉 72的布置避开了传动绳索9和拉伸弹簧8。
本实施例在凸头部61的外周面上沿环向设有多圈凸头部环形槽612,这里由于多圈凸头部环形槽612的阻隔,可以在一定程度上起到阻止油脂、水、灰尘等有害物质深入假肢手指内部的作用。
本实施例的近指关节的运动采用的是索传动形式,针对这种情况,为了将传动绳索9与手指近指节6相连,在凸头部61的远端一体地设有传动绳索连接柱613,传动绳索9的一端连接在传动绳索连接柱613上,传动绳索9的一部分夹在套装部71与凸头部61之间。这样不仅方便了传动绳索9的远端的连接,而且套装部71也其可以起到压紧传动绳索9的作用,保证了传动绳索9的远端不易脱落。
本实施例的近指关节在展指时依靠的是弹簧的拉力实现自动复位,针对这种情况,为了将拉伸弹簧8与手指近指节6相连,在凸头部61和近指节主体62上设有拉伸弹簧容纳槽63,在拉伸弹簧容纳槽63的槽壁上设有拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉安装孔631,在拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉安装孔631中穿设并固定有拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉81,拉伸弹簧8的远端套在拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉81上。这样不仅方便了拉伸弹簧8远端的装配,而且在手指近指节6转动的过程中,拉伸弹簧8远端也可以绕拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉81转动,可减小拉伸弹簧8远端因固定连接和频繁的弯矩作用而造成的弯曲残余变形。
7、假肢手指
本实施例的假肢手指结合了前面的多个部分的结构,其具体可以参见说明书附图中的图1至图11。本发明实施例提供的假肢手指,其包括手指安装机架1、蜗轮2、转轴、基关节机架4、手指基指节5、手指近指节6、手指远指节7、拉伸弹簧8和传动绳索9;蜗轮2固定在手指安装机架1上,在蜗轮2上设有带豁口圆孔25,在带豁口圆孔25中安装有索环251,带豁口圆孔25的孔边缘卡在索环251的缩径处;在基关节机架4内固定有电机减速器组件401,在电机减速器组件401的输出轴轴颈4014上固定有第一锥齿轮402,在基关节机架4内通过孔用弹性挡圈407和两个滑动轴承安装有蜗杆404,在蜗杆404的输入轴轴颈4043上固定有第二锥齿轮403,第二锥齿轮403与第一锥齿轮402啮合,基关节机架4具有开口槽44,蜗轮 2位于开口槽44中,蜗轮2与蜗杆404啮合,转轴穿设在基关节机架4和蜗轮2上;手指基指节5具有用于容纳电机减速器组件401的空腔,手指基指节5固定在基关节机架4上,传动绳索9贯穿手指基指节5的内部空间,传动绳索9的近端连接在索环251上;手指近指节6可转动地连接在手指基指节5的远端,拉伸弹簧8的两端分别可转动地连接在手指基指节5和手指近指节6上;手指近指节6包括凸头部61,在凸头部61的远端一体地设有传动绳索连接柱613,传动绳索9的远端连接在传动绳索连接柱613上,在手指远指节7上设有套装部71,套装部71套在凸头部61上,传动绳索9的一部分夹在套装部71与凸头部61之间。
本实施例提供的假肢手指,其蜗轮2中的索环251的设计、基关节机架4中的开口槽44的设计、转轴同时穿在转轴穿孔211和两个转轴穿接同心孔431中的设计、拉伸弹簧8的两端分别套在圆柱销钉上的设计、以及手指远指节7与手指近指节6之间的套装设计,综合起来可以使各部分连接可靠、蜗轮2转动平稳,拉伸弹簧8受到保护、传动绳索9不易脱落,因此整体上可以提升整个假肢手指的工作可靠性,减少发生故障的可能性。
为便于传动绳索9近端的连接,传动绳索9的近端为单线对折而成的双线结构,传动绳索9的近端套在索环251的缩径处。
为了对第一锥齿轮402、第二锥齿轮403及其附近的空间进行遮罩防护,转轴为空心轴3,在基关节机架4上连接有手指尾罩408,手指尾罩408遮罩着第一锥齿轮402和第二锥齿轮403,手指尾罩408具有两个插接柱,两个插接柱分别插接在空心轴3的两端。
为了保护传动绳索9位于手指基指节5中的部分,手指基指节5包括基指节主体51,传动绳索9位于基指节主体51内的下部,在基指节主体51下部壁面的与传动绳索9对应的位置固定有滚轮销钉513,滚轮销钉513的轴线垂直于基指节主体51的轴线,在滚轮销钉513上套装有滚轮514,滚轮514的一部分伸入基指节主体51的壁面以内的空间。
为了使拉伸弹簧8的两端分别可转动地连接在手指基指节5和手指近指节6上,在手指近指节6上固定有拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉 81,在手指基指节5上固定有拉伸弹簧近端圆柱销钉82,拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉81和拉伸弹簧近端圆柱销钉82的轴线均与手指近指节5的转动轴线平行,拉伸弹簧8的两端分别套在拉伸弹簧远端圆柱销钉81和拉伸弹簧近端圆柱销钉82上。
为了将手指近指节6可靠地连接在手指基指节5上,在手指近指节6的近端设有两个近指节连接翼621,在两个近指节连接翼621上对应地设有近指节连接翼同心孔6211,手指基指节5包括基指节主体51,在基指节主体51的远端一体地连接有翼间连接部52,翼间连接部52的宽度小于基指节主体51的宽度,翼间连接部52位于两个近指节连接翼621之间,在翼间连接部52的两个侧面上设有凸起的铰接圆柱,两个近指节连接翼同心孔6211分别套在两个铰接圆柱上。
为便于手指基指节5与基关节机架4之间的装配定位,手指基指节5包括基指节主体51,基指节主体51具有用于容纳电机减速器组件401的空腔,在电机减速器组件安装部41的上部外壁上设有扇形凸缘412,在基指节主体51上对应扇形凸缘412设有槽孔511,基指节主体51的一部分套着电机减速器组件安装部41的一部分,扇形凸缘412位于槽孔511中。
为了便于两个锥齿轮的装配,输出轴轴颈4014和输入轴轴颈4043均为D形截面轴颈,第一锥齿轮402和第二锥齿轮403均具有D形中心孔,第一锥齿轮402的D形中心孔套在输出轴轴颈4014的D形截面轴颈上,第二锥齿轮403的D形中心孔套在输入轴轴颈4043上。
为便于基关节机架4中零部件的装配,基关节机架4包括电机减速器组件安装部41、蜗杆安装部42和两个转轴穿接部43,电机减速器组件安装部41和蜗杆安装部42通过两个转轴穿接部43连接为一体,两个转轴穿接部43之间构成开口槽44,电机减速器组件401固定在电机减速器组件安装部41上,蜗杆404安装在蜗杆安装部42中,在蜗轮2上设有转轴穿孔211,在两个转轴穿接部43上对应转轴穿孔211设有转轴穿接同心孔431,转轴穿设在转轴穿孔211和两个转轴穿接同心孔431中。
为便于基关节机架4中的电机减速器组件401的装配,在电机减速器组件安装部41内设有电机减速器组件安装孔411,电机减速器组件401包括电机4011,在电机4011上连接有减速器4012,在减速器4012上设有安装颈4013,安装颈4013的直径小于减速器4012的直径,输出轴轴颈4014从安装颈4013中伸出,安装颈4013固定在电机减速器组件安装孔411中。
为便于蜗杆404的装配,在蜗杆安装部42内相互连通地依次设有蜗杆主体容纳腔421、滑动轴承安装孔422和蜗杆轴颈容纳孔423,滑动轴承安装孔422的直径小于蜗杆主体容纳腔421的直径,蜗杆轴颈容纳孔423的直径小于滑动轴承安装孔422的直径,蜗杆主体容纳腔421的端部开口,在蜗杆主体容纳腔421的腔壁上沿环向设有弹性挡圈安装槽4211;蜗杆404包括蜗杆主体部4041,在蜗杆主体部4041两端分别一体地连接有轴承安装轴颈4042,在其中一个轴承安装轴颈4042上一体地连接有输入轴轴颈4043;蜗杆主体部4041位于蜗杆主体容纳腔421内,蜗杆主体部4041与蜗轮2的啮合部23啮合,在滑动轴承安装孔422中设有第一滑动轴承405,在蜗杆主体容纳腔421内设有第二滑动轴承406,蜗杆主体部4041位于第一滑动轴承405和第二滑动轴承406之间,两个轴承安装轴颈4042其中的一个与输入轴轴颈4043相连的轴承安装轴颈4042穿设在第一滑动轴承405中,两个轴承安装轴颈4042其中的另一个轴承安装轴颈4042穿设在第二滑动轴承406中,在弹性挡圈安装槽4211中设有孔用弹性挡圈407,第二滑动轴承406位于蜗杆主体部4041和孔用弹性挡圈407之间。
为了保护传动绳索9的近端,蜗轮2的用于与传动绳索9接触的边缘基本呈弧形,该弧形的弧线以转轴穿孔211的中心为圆心。
本实施例的假肢手指与现有技术相比所具有的优点还可以参见之前对各个部分的结构的说明。本实施例的假肢手指在工作时,屈指时,电机减速器组件401带动第一锥齿轮402转动,第一锥齿轮402带动第二锥齿轮403和蜗杆404转动,蜗杆404与蜗轮2的相互作用使基关节机架4和手指基指节5绕空心轴3的轴线转动,在传动绳索9的作用力下,手指近指节6和手指远指节7会相对于手指 基指节5弯曲,拉伸弹簧8被拉伸,由于蜗杆404与蜗轮2具有自锁功能,所以即使此时断电,假肢手所抓持的物品也不会轻易脱落;展指时,电机减速器组件401带动第一锥齿轮402反向转动,蜗杆404与蜗轮2的相互作用使基关节机架4和手指基指节5绕空心轴3的轴线反向转动,在拉伸弹簧8的作用力下,手指复位伸直。
8、假肢拇指的近指节与基指节的连接结构
通过对假肢拇指的近指节与基指节的连接结构的设计可以使其在结构上与一般假肢手指(非拇指)的结构具有通用性。本发明实施例的假肢拇指的近指节与基指节的连接结构具体可以参见说明书附图的图12。本实施例提供的假肢拇指的近指节与基指节的连接结构,其包括拇指基指节5′和拇指近指节6′,在拇指近指节6′的近端设有两个拇指近指节连接翼621′,在两个拇指近指节连接翼621′上对应地设有拇指近指节连接翼同心孔(图中未示出),拇指基指节5′包括拇指基指节主体51′,在拇指基指节主体51′的远端一体地连接有拇指翼间连接部52′,拇指翼间连接部52′的宽度小于拇指基指节主体51′的宽度,拇指翼间连接部52′位于两个拇指近指节连接翼621′之间,在拇指翼间连接部52′的两个侧面上设有凸起的铰接圆柱(图中未示出),两个拇指近指节连接翼同心孔分别套在两个铰接圆柱上,在拇指翼间连接部52′的远端设有两个拇指基指节连接翼521′,在拇指基指节连接翼521′和拇指近指节连接翼621′上共同穿设并固定有拇指近指关节锁定销钉56′。
本实施例提供的假肢拇指的近指节与基指节的连接结构,其采用的连接翼、铰接圆柱的结构与一般假肢手指(非拇指)的近指关节采用的结构之间具有通用性,本实施例通过在拇指基指节连接翼521′和拇指近指节连接翼621′上共同穿设并固定拇指近指关节锁定销钉56′来将拇指的近指关节锁定,使拇指基指节5′和拇指近指节6′相对固定,结构简单,可降低假肢手的结构复杂性和提高零部件通用性,从而达到降低成本的作用。
进一步地,假肢拇指的拇指近指节6′和拇指远指节7′之间也采用了假肢手指中的套装结构,拇指近指节6′包括拇指近指节凸头部61′和粗于拇指近指节凸头部61′的拇指近指节主体62′,拇指 近指节连接翼621′一体地连接在拇指近指节主体62′的近端,还包括拇指远指节7′,在拇指远指节7′上设有拇指远指节套装部71′,拇指远指节套装部71′套在拇指近指节凸头部61′上并与拇指近指节主体62′相抵。这种套装的方式便于稳固可靠地装配。
进一步地,在拇指近指节凸头部61′内设有拇指近指节凸头部螺纹孔(图中未标出),拇指近指节凸头部螺纹孔的轴线与拇指近指节凸头部61′的轴线垂直,在拇指远指节套装部71′上对应拇指近指节凸头部螺纹孔设有拇指远指节螺钉安装孔(图中未示出),拇指远指节安装螺钉72′穿设在拇指远指节螺钉安装孔中并与拇指近指节凸头部螺纹孔相连。这里结合拇指远指节安装螺钉72′进行固定,拇指近指节6′和拇指远指节7′之间不易脱落。优选地,拇指远指节安装螺钉72′的个数为两个。
由于拇指的近指关节运动是锁定的,所以不需要传动绳索和拉伸弹簧,本实施例,在拇指近指节凸头部61′和拇指近指节主体62′上设有冗余的拉伸弹簧容纳槽,在拇指基指节5′和拇指近指节6′未连接拉伸弹簧。
9、假肢拇指的安装结构
本发明实施例的假肢拇指的安装结构具体可以参见说明书附图的图12。本发明实施例提供的假肢拇指的安装结构,其包括拇指安装机架1′、拇指转动机架10、拇指前支架11和拇指后支架12,在拇指转动机架10上设有拇指转动机架开口槽101,拇指安装机架1′位于拇指转动机架开口槽101中并固定在拇指转动机架10上,在拇指转动机架10的两端分别同轴地连接有拇指前支承轴13和拇指后支承轴14,拇指前支承轴13的后端位于拇指转动机架开口槽101中,拇指前支承轴13插接在拇指前支架11上,拇指后支承轴14插接在拇指后支架12上,在拇指前支承轴13内沿其轴向设有贯通的导线穿孔131,与假肢拇指内的电机相连的导线(图中未示出)经拇指转动机架开口槽101穿设在导线穿孔131中。
本实施例提供的假肢拇指的安装结构,其采用专门的拇指转动机架10来配合安装假肢拇指,拇指转动机架10通过同轴设置的拇指前支承轴13和拇指后支承轴14连接在拇指前支架11和拇指后支 架12之间,与假肢拇指内的电机相连的导线经拇指转动机架开口槽101从导线穿孔131中穿过,而不再像现有技术中那样从侧面穿过,这样当拇指转动机架10因为假肢拇指的对掌和侧掌操作而转动时,导线不会因为拇指转动机架10的转动而被拉扯和弯折,可以对导线进行保护,延长其使用寿命。
具体地,为了便于将拇指安装机架1′固定在拇指转动机架10上,在拇指安装机架1′上设有拇指安装机架固定螺纹孔(图中未标出),在拇指转动机架10上对应拇指安装机架固定螺纹孔设有拇指安装机架固定螺钉安装孔(图中未示出),拇指安装机架固定螺钉102穿设在拇指安装机架固定螺钉安装孔中并与拇指安装机架固定螺纹孔连接。
为便于拇指前支承轴13的装配,拇指前支承轴13包括头部和螺杆部(图中未标出),导线穿孔131贯穿头部和螺杆部,在拇指前支架11上设有螺母安置孔111,在螺母安置孔111中设有拇指前支承轴螺母112,螺杆部穿设在拇指转动机架10和拇指前支架11上并与拇指前支承轴螺母112相连。
为便于拇指后支承轴14的装配,拇指后支承轴14包括拇指后支承轴螺栓(图中未标出)和拇指后支承轴螺母(图中未标出),拇指后支承轴螺母位于拇指转动机架开口槽101中,拇指后支承轴螺栓穿设在拇指后支架12和拇指转动机架10上并与拇指后支承轴螺母相连。
10、假肢拇指
本发明实施例的假肢拇指的部分零部件与一般假肢手指的零部件是通用的,只是在名称上以“拇指”进行区分,因此下面假肢拇指有些零部件并未标注附图标记,在阅读时可以参考之前的附图。本发明实施例的假肢拇指具体可以参见说明书附图的图7至图12。本发明实施例提供的假肢拇指,其包括拇指安装机架1′、拇指蜗轮、拇指转轴、拇指基关节机架、拇指基指节5′、拇指近指节6′、拇指远指节7′、拇指转动机架10、拇指前支架11和拇指后支架12;拇指蜗轮固定在拇指安装机架1′上,拇指基关节机架通过拇指转轴可转动地连接在拇指蜗轮上,拇指基指节5′固定在拇指基关节机架 上,拇指近指节6′固定是拇指基指节5′上,拇指远指节7′固定在拇指近指节6′上,在拇指基关节机架内安装有拇指电机减速器组件、拇指第一锥齿轮、拇指第二锥齿轮和拇指蜗杆,拇指电机减速器组件可依次带动拇指第一锥齿轮、拇指第二锥齿轮和拇指蜗杆转动,拇指蜗轮与拇指蜗杆啮合;在拇指转动机架10上设有拇指转动机架开口槽101,拇指安装机架1′位于拇指转动机架开口槽101中并固定在拇指转动机架10上,在拇指转动机架10的两端分别同轴地连接有拇指前支承轴13和拇指后支承轴14,拇指前支承轴13的后端位于拇指转动机架开口槽101中,拇指前支承轴13插接在拇指前支架11上,拇指后支承轴14插接在拇指后支架12上,在拇指前支承轴13内沿其轴向设有贯通的导线穿孔131,与假肢拇指内的电机相连的导线经拇指转动机架开口槽101穿设在导线穿孔131中。
本发明实施例提供的假肢拇指,其采用专门的拇指转动机架10来配合安装假肢拇指,拇指转动机架10通过同轴设置的拇指前支承轴13和拇指后支承轴14连接在拇指前支架11和拇指后支架12之间,与假肢拇指内的电机相连的导线经拇指转动机架开口槽101从导线穿孔131中穿过,而不再像现有技术中那样从侧面穿过,这样当拇指转动机架10因为假肢拇指的对掌和侧掌操作而转动时,导线不会因为拇指转动机架10的转动而被拉扯和弯折,可以对导线进行保护,延长其使用寿命。
进一步地,在拇指近指节6′的近端设有两个拇指近指节连接翼621′,在两个拇指近指节连接翼621′上对应地设有拇指近指节连接翼同心孔,拇指基指节5′包括拇指基指节主体51′,在拇指基指节主体51′的远端一体地连接有拇指翼间连接部52′,拇指翼间连接部52′的宽度小于拇指基指节主体51′的宽度,拇指翼间连接部52′位于两个拇指近指节连接翼621′之间,在拇指翼间连接部52′的两个侧面上设有凸起的拇指铰接圆柱,两个拇指近指节连接翼同心孔分别套在两个拇指铰接圆柱上,在拇指翼间连接部52′的远端设有两个拇指基指节连接翼521′,在拇指基指节连接翼521′和拇指近指节连接翼621′上共同穿设并固定有拇指近指关节锁定销钉56′。这里采用的连接翼、铰接圆柱的结构与一般假肢手指(非 拇指)的近指关节采用的结构之间具有通用性,通过在拇指基指节连接翼521′和拇指近指节连接翼621′上共同穿设并固定拇指近指关节锁定销钉56′来将拇指的近指关节锁定,使拇指基指节5′和拇指近指节6′相对固定,结构简单,可降低假肢手的结构复杂性和提高零部件通用性,从而达到降低成本的作用。
与之前的假肢手指相似,本实施例的拇指近指节6′与拇指远指节7′之间也采用了套装的方式,拇指近指节6′包括拇指近指节凸头部61′和粗于拇指近指节凸头部61′的拇指近指节主体62′,拇指近指节连接翼621′一体地连接在拇指近指节主体62′的近端,在拇指远指节7′上设有拇指远指节套装部71′,拇指远指节套装部71′套在拇指近指节凸头部61′上并与拇指近指节主体62′相抵。进一步地,在拇指近指节凸头部61′内设有拇指近指节凸头部螺纹孔,拇指近指节凸头部螺纹孔的轴线与拇指近指节凸头部61′的轴线垂直,在拇指远指节套装部71′上对应拇指近指节凸头部螺纹孔设有拇指远指节螺钉安装孔,拇指远指节安装螺钉72′穿设在拇指远指节螺钉安装孔中并与拇指近指节凸头部螺纹孔相连。这里结合拇指远指节安装螺钉72′进行固定,拇指近指节6′和拇指远指节7′之间不易脱落。由于拇指的近指关节运动是锁定的,所以不需要传动绳索和拉伸弹簧,本实施例在拇指近指节凸头部61′和拇指近指节主体62′上设有冗余的拉伸弹簧容纳槽,在拇指基指节5′和拇指近指节6′未连接拉伸弹簧。
为便于拇指基指节5′与基关节机架4之间的装配定位,拇指基指节主体51′具有用于容纳拇指电机减速器组件的空腔,在拇指电机减速器组件安装部的上部外壁上设有拇指扇形凸缘,在拇指基指节主体51′上对应拇指扇形凸缘设有拇指槽孔,拇指基指节主体51′的一部分套着拇指电机减速器组件安装部的一部分,拇指扇形凸缘位于拇指槽孔中。
与之前的假肢手指相似,为增强拇指蜗轮与拇指基关节机架之间的连接可靠性,使转动更平稳,拇指蜗轮包括拇指转轴连接部,在拇指转轴连接部上设有拇指转轴穿孔,在拇指转轴连接部上一体地连接有拇指啮合部和拇指蜗轮固定部,拇指蜗轮固定部固定在拇 指安装机架1′上;拇指基关节机架包括拇指电机减速器组件安装部、拇指蜗杆安装部和两个拇指转轴穿接部,拇指电机减速器组件安装部和拇指蜗杆安装部通过两个拇指转轴穿接部连接为一体,两个拇指转轴穿接部之间构成拇指开口槽,拇指蜗轮位于拇指开口槽中,在拇指电机减速器组件安装部内安装有拇指电机减速器组件,在拇指电机减速器组件的拇指输出轴轴颈上固定有拇指第一锥齿轮,在拇指蜗杆安装部内安装有拇指蜗杆,拇指蜗杆与拇指蜗轮的拇指啮合部啮合,在拇指蜗杆的拇指输入轴轴颈上固定有拇指第二锥齿轮,拇指第二锥齿轮与拇指第一锥齿轮啮合,在两个拇指转轴穿接部上对应拇指转轴穿孔设有拇指转轴穿接同心孔,拇指转轴穿设在拇指转轴穿孔和两个拇指转轴穿接同心孔中。
由于拇指的近指关节运动是锁定的,所以不需要传动绳索和拉伸弹簧,本实施例在拇指转轴连接部上还一体地连接有冗余的绳索拉拽部,在拇指啮合部与绳索拉拽部之间设有冗余的带豁口圆孔,假肢拇指不具有传动绳索。这样假肢拇指采用的拇指蜗轮实际上与一般假肢手指采用的蜗轮2为同样的蜗轮,可进一步增大零部件的通用性。
为便于基关节机架4中的电机减速器组件401的装配,在拇指电机减速器组件安装部内设有拇指电机减速器组件安装孔,拇指电机减速器组件包括拇指电机,在拇指电机上连接有拇指减速器,在拇指减速器上设有拇指安装颈,拇指安装颈的直径小于拇指减速器的直径,拇指输出轴轴颈从拇指安装颈中伸出,拇指安装颈固定在拇指电机减速器组件安装孔中。
为便于蜗杆404的装配,在拇指蜗杆安装部内相互连通地依次设有拇指蜗杆主体容纳腔、拇指滑动轴承安装孔和拇指蜗杆轴颈容纳孔,拇指滑动轴承安装孔的直径小于拇指蜗杆主体容纳腔的直径,拇指蜗杆轴颈容纳孔的直径小于拇指滑动轴承安装孔的直径,拇指蜗杆主体容纳腔的端部开口,在拇指蜗杆主体容纳腔的腔壁上沿环向设有拇指弹性挡圈安装槽;拇指蜗杆包括拇指蜗杆主体部,在拇指蜗杆主体部两端分别一体地连接有拇指轴承安装轴颈,在其中一个拇指轴承安装轴颈上一体地连接有拇指输入轴轴颈;拇指蜗杆主 体部位于拇指蜗杆主体容纳腔内,拇指蜗杆主体部与拇指蜗轮的拇指啮合部啮合,在拇指滑动轴承安装孔中设有拇指第一滑动轴承,在拇指蜗杆主体容纳腔内设有拇指第二滑动轴承,拇指蜗杆主体部位于拇指第一滑动轴承和拇指第二滑动轴承之间,两个拇指轴承安装轴颈其中的一个与拇指输入轴轴颈相连的拇指轴承安装轴颈穿设在拇指第一滑动轴承中,两个拇指轴承安装轴颈其中的另一个拇指轴承安装轴颈穿设在拇指第二滑动轴承中,在拇指弹性挡圈安装槽中设有拇指孔用弹性挡圈,拇指第二滑动轴承位于拇指蜗杆主体部和拇指孔用弹性挡圈之间。
为了便于两个锥齿轮的装配,拇指输出轴轴颈和拇指输入轴轴颈均为D形截面轴颈,拇指第一锥齿轮和拇指第二锥齿轮均具有D形中心孔,拇指第一锥齿轮的D形中心孔套在拇指输出轴轴颈的D形截面轴颈上,拇指第二锥齿轮的D形中心孔套在拇指输入轴轴颈上。
为便于拇指前支承轴13的装配,拇指前支承轴13包括头部和螺杆部,导线穿孔131贯穿头部和螺杆部,在拇指前支架11上设有螺母安置孔111,在螺母安置孔111中设有拇指前支承轴螺母112,螺杆部穿设在拇指转动机架10和拇指前支架11上并与拇指前支承轴螺母112相连。
为便于拇指后支承轴14的装配,拇指后支承轴14包括拇指后支承轴螺栓和拇指后支承轴螺母,拇指后支承轴螺母位于拇指转动机架开口槽101中,拇指后支承轴螺栓穿设在拇指后支架12和拇指转动机架10上并与拇指后支承轴螺母相连。
11、假肢手的一般假肢手指的安装结构
本发明实施例提供的假肢手采用了前面所说的假肢手指作为一般假肢手指,采用了前面所说的假肢拇指作为假肢拇指,本发明实施例的假肢手的一般假肢手指的安装结构可以参见说明书附图的图13。本发明实施例提供的假肢手的一般假肢手指的安装结构,其包括假肢手基板15、手指联接器16和一般假肢手指的手指安装机架1;在手指联接器16内设有阶梯形孔(图中未标出),阶梯形的拉力螺母161位于阶梯形孔中,假肢手基板15位于拉力螺母161的大直径 端所在的一侧,手指安装机架1位于拉力螺母161的小直径端所在的一侧;在假肢手基板15上对应拉力螺母161的内螺纹设有手指基板联接螺钉安装孔(图中未标出),手指基板联接螺钉151穿设在手指基板联接螺钉安装孔中并与拉力螺母161的内螺纹相连;在手指安装机架1上对应拉力螺母161的内螺纹设有手指联接螺钉安装孔(图中未标出),手指联接螺钉162穿设在手指联接螺钉安装孔中并与拉力螺母161的内螺纹相连;当一般假肢手指处于伸直状态时,手指联接螺钉162的轴线垂直于一般假肢手指的指向。
本发明实施例提供的假肢手的一般假肢手指的安装结构,其采用手指联接器16、阶梯形的拉力螺母161、手指联接螺钉162和手指基板联接螺钉151将一般假肢手指和假肢手基板15联接起来,且手指联接螺钉162的轴线垂直于一般假肢手指的指向,联接可靠,不易松动。
由于假肢手的一般假肢手指有四根,因此,阶梯形孔、拉力螺母161、手指联接螺钉162和手指基板联接螺钉151的个数均为四个,即四根一般假肢手指同时采用一个手指联接器16与假肢手基板15相连。
为了对四根一般假肢手指的基指关节进行遮罩防护,在所述假肢手基板15上固定有假肢手背壳17,假肢手背壳17上具有一般假肢手指基指关节护罩部171,一般假肢手指基指关节护罩部171位于四根一般假肢手指的基指关节处,这样可以在一定程度上保护一般假肢手指。
12、假肢手
本发明实施例提供的假肢手采用了前面所说的假肢手指作为一般假肢手指,采用了前面所说的假肢拇指作为假肢拇指,因此本发明实施例的假肢手可以参见说明书附图的图1至图13。由于前面已经对假肢手的手指部分进行了详细说明,也介绍了一般假肢手指的安装,故在此不在重复说明。这里只简单介绍一下假肢拇指如何安装在假肢手基板上:拇指前支架11固定在假肢手基板15上,腕部联接件18固定在假肢手基板15上,拇指后支架12固定在腕部联接件18上。本实施例提供的假肢手,其集合了前面所说的多个方面的 改进,一般假肢手指联接可靠,假肢拇指的导线受到保护,不易折断,可靠性更高。假肢拇指与假肢手指的部分结构通用,可降低成本,各零部件之间的联接可靠,易于装配。本实施例的假肢手由于采用蜗轮蜗杆副,因此具备自锁功能。本实施例的假肢拇指可以进行姿态回转从而具有对掌和侧掌两种状态,其在反转时,由残疾人使用健手搬动其作回转运动。
值得一提的是,本实施例提供的假肢手集合了多个方面的改进,但不代表它们必须组合在一起实施,各个部分的改进也可以单独地应用到现有的假肢手及其手指中。例如假肢手指的近指节与基指节的连接结构、假肢手指的远指节与近指节的连接结构的改进与假肢手指的近指关节的运动是否采用索传动并无必然联系,其近指关节的运动也可以采用连杆传动。另外,假肢手指的实施例给出的部分结构不只是可以应用在一般手指上,也可以应用在拇指上。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种假肢手的一般假肢手指的安装结构,其特征在于,包括假肢手基板(15)、手指联接器(16)和一般假肢手指的手指安装机架(1);
    在所述手指联接器(16)内设有阶梯形孔,阶梯形的拉力螺母(161)位于所述阶梯形孔中,所述假肢手基板(15)位于所述拉力螺母(161)的大直径端所在的一侧,所述手指安装机架(1)位于所述拉力螺母(161)的小直径端所在的一侧;
    在所述假肢手基板(15)上对应所述拉力螺母(161)的内螺纹设有手指基板联接螺钉安装孔,手指基板联接螺钉(151)穿设在所述手指基板联接螺钉安装孔中并与所述拉力螺母(161)的内螺纹相连;
    在所述手指安装机架(1)上对应所述拉力螺母(161)的内螺纹设有手指联接螺钉安装孔,手指联接螺钉(162)穿设在所述手指联接螺钉安装孔中并与所述拉力螺母(161)的内螺纹相连;
    当所述一般假肢手指处于伸直状态时,所述手指联接螺钉(162)的轴线垂直于所述一般假肢手指的指向。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的假肢手的一般假肢手指的安装结构,其特征在于,所述阶梯形孔、所述拉力螺母(161)、所述手指联接螺钉(162)和所述手指基板联接螺钉(151)的个数均为四个。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的假肢手的一般假肢手指的安装结构,其特征在于,在所述假肢手基板(15)上固定有假肢手背壳(17),所述假肢手背壳(17)上具有一般假肢手指基指关节护罩部(171),所述一般假肢手指基指关节护罩部(171)位于四根所述一般假肢手指的基指关节处。
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