WO2017080771A1 - Procédé de brasage sans flux - Google Patents

Procédé de brasage sans flux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017080771A1
WO2017080771A1 PCT/EP2016/075155 EP2016075155W WO2017080771A1 WO 2017080771 A1 WO2017080771 A1 WO 2017080771A1 EP 2016075155 W EP2016075155 W EP 2016075155W WO 2017080771 A1 WO2017080771 A1 WO 2017080771A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brazing
alloy
assembly
filler material
aluminium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/075155
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Arne SCHLEGEL
Bernd JACOBY
Steven Kirkham
Original Assignee
Aleris Rolled Products Germany Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aleris Rolled Products Germany Gmbh filed Critical Aleris Rolled Products Germany Gmbh
Priority to DE112016005165.4T priority Critical patent/DE112016005165T5/de
Publication of WO2017080771A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017080771A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B23K1/0012—Brazing heat exchangers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/012—Soldering with the use of hot gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B23K35/0233—Sheets, foils
    • B23K35/0238—Sheets, foils layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
    • B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/38—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
    • B23K35/383—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area mainly containing noble gases or nitrogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/10—Pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/14—Heat exchangers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of fluxless brazing in a controlled atmosphere brazing process using a pre-treated brazing sheet product.
  • the invention relates to the use of a pre-treated brazing sheet product in a fluxless controlled atmosphere brazing process.
  • vacuum brazing which is carried out at relatively low atmosphere pressure in the order of about 1 x10 "4 mbar or less and is a discontinuous process and puts high demands on material cleanliness.
  • aluminium alloys commonly used for vacuum brazing contain purposive additions of 1 % Mg or more.
  • the Mg disrupts the hard oxide film of the filler alloy when it evaporates from the brazing sheet during brazing, and further the evaporated Mg plays the role as getter that removes oxygen and moisture remaining in the vacuum brazing furnace.
  • the capital investment for suitable equipment is relatively high.
  • NOCOLOKTM (registered trademark) flux brazing has been used as the principal brazing process to braze automotive heat exchangers by many heat exchanger manufacturers; however, other non-corrosive brazing fluxes are commercially available.
  • Major problems that have arisen from the NOCOLOK process have been brazing flux costs, flux handling and the damage flux causes to the furnaces.
  • the application of the brazing flux prior to brazing at the interior of the assemblies is often considered very difficult and problematic. Consequently, most of the heat exchanger manufacturers have been trying to reduce brazing flux consumption.
  • CAB controlled atmosphere brazing
  • European patent document EP-1430988-A1 discloses that for such a process of CAB without using a brazing flux the brazing sheet product used contains Mg at least in a layer constituting the brazing sheet other than the filler alloy layer, typically the core alloy contains Mg in a range of 0.05% to 1 .0 wt.%. Interposed between the core alloy and the filler alloy there is present a diffusion prevention layer such an Mg-free AA3003-series aluminium alloy.
  • European patent document EP-1306207-B1 discloses another fluxless brazing process in an inert gas atmosphere. It also discloses a brazing sheet product comprising of an aluminium core alloy on one or both sides clad with an Al-Si alloy filler alloy with 0.1 -5% of Mg and 0.01 -0.5% of Bi as an intermediate layer, and a thin covering material clad onto the outer-surface of the Al-Si alloy brazing alloy. It is suggested that during a brazing operation the filler material in the intermediate layer is molten as the temperature is elevated during brazing, but oxidation of the surface of the filler material does not occur because the surface is covered with the thin covering material which remains solid.
  • the portions with lower melting points such as a segregation portion of the thin covering material close to the molten filler material
  • the filler material seeps and spreads over the surface of the thin covering material due to volumetric expansion.
  • the surface of the filler material then becomes an emerging face without an oxidation film, and new intensive oxidation does not proceed due to the inert gas atmosphere.
  • Patent document EP-2660043-A1 discloses aluminium brazing sheet product wherein the Al-Si filler layer has been etched to facilitate flux- less brazing.
  • the etching of the Al-Si filler layer includes an alkaline or acidic etch- ant.
  • Patent document US-2007/0099023-A1 discloses an aluminium core alloy clad on at least one side with an Al-Si filler layer and wherein the core comprises 0.01 -0.5% of Bi and/or 0.05-0.5% of Bi to facilitate fluxless brazing under a controlled atmosphere.
  • Patent document US-2007/0204935-A1 discloses a method of fluxless brazing whereby the sheets prior to brazing are etched in an acid solution and which can be preceded by alkaline etching.
  • the sheet material comprises for an example a brazing sheet product made from an AA3916 core alloy clad on both sides with a filler material layer an AA4045 alloy.
  • Patent document EP-2883650-A1 discloses a pre- treatment of aluminium brazing sheet for fluxless brazing, wherein the pickled surface of the aluminium filler layer has been pickled with an acidic aqueous pickling solution comprising at least a mineral acid and at least one complexing agent or complexing mineral acid, and wherein the material removal during the pickling is between 0.05-6 g/m 2 , and most preferably between 0.2-0.4 g/m 2 .
  • Preferred Al-Si filler materials are selected from the group of AA4343, AA4045 and AA4047.
  • aluminium alloy designations and temper designations refer to the Aluminium Association designations in Aluminium Standards and Data and the Registration Records, as published by the Aluminium Association in 2015 and well known to the persons skilled in the art.
  • alloy compositions or preferred alloy compositions all references to percentages are by weight percent unless otherwise indicated.
  • controlled atmosphere brazing refers to a brazing process which utilizes an inert atmosphere, for example, nitrogen, argon or helium in the brazing of the various alloy articles, and is distinct from vacuum brazing in particular in that with CAB the brazing atmosphere in the furnace during the brazing operation is at about regular atmospheric pressure, although a slight under-pressure (for example working at a pressure of 0.1 bar or more) or a slight over-pressure can be used to facilitate the control of the inert atmosphere and to prevent an influx of oxygen containing gas into the brazing furnace.
  • Core means an aluminium alloy which is the structural support for the aluminium alloy that is used as the filler.
  • Filler means an aluminium-silicon alloy which is used to braze the core or other aluminium articles.
  • Fill means a concave junction between two surfaces. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of fluxless brazing in a controlled atmosphere brazing using a pre-treated aluminium brazing sheet.
  • brazing the assembly without applying brazing flux onto the assembly components, and brazing the whole assembly in a dry inert gas atmosphere at a brazing temperature, typically at a temperature in a range of about 540°C to 615°C, for example at about 590°C or at about 600°C, for a period long enough for melting and spreading of the aluminium brazing filler material, for example a dwell time of about 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 1 to 6 minutes, typically at around 2 or 4 minutes, to form a fillet between the filler material and at least one other component; and wherein the oxygen content of the dry inert gas atmosphere is less than 35 ppm, preferably less than 25 ppm;
  • the brazing inert gas atmosphere should be dry, meaning that the dew point is less than -40°C, and more preferably of -45°C or lower.
  • the pre-treated filler material having been pre-treated by means of etching with an alkaline or acidic etchant can be used in a fluxless CAB process.
  • the etching is reducing the amount of oxides at the outer-surface of the brazing filler material and may otherwise hinder a good fillet formation during brazing.
  • it has been found that it can only be put into reliable practice and providing good fillet formation when the inert gas atmosphere is dry, and furthermore provided the oxygen content in the inert atmosphere is low and also the Al-Si filler material has a mandatory presence of Mg of at least 0.10%.
  • the oxygen content exceeds 35 ppm no good filler formation occurs, and preferably the oxygen content is less than 25 ppm, and more preferably less than 20 ppm.
  • the present findings allow for fluxless CAB brazing at achievable oxygen levels in the inert gas atmosphere. This provides a significant cost benefit.
  • the Mg content in the Al-Si brazing filler is at least 0.10%, and preferably at least 0.15%.
  • a more preferred lower limit is 0.50%.
  • a higher Mg-content may tolerate a high oxygen content in the inert atmosphere. However, a too high Mg content is detrimental for the brazing operation and for that reason it should not exceed 3%.
  • a more preferred upper-limit for the Mg content is 2%, and more preferably not more than 1 .70%.
  • the Al-Si brazing filler alloy or material has the following composition, consisting of, in wt.%:
  • Mn up to 0.8%, preferably up to 0.2%
  • the brazing filler material is free of each of the wetting elements, or elements modifying the surface tension of a molten Al-Si filler material, selected from the group of Ag, Be, Bi, Ce, La, Li, Na, Pb, Se, Sb, Sr, Th, and Y.
  • free is meant that no purposeful addition of Ag, Be, Bi, Ce, La, Li, Na, Pb, Se, Sb, Sr, Th or Y was made to the chemical composition but that due to impurities and/or leaking from contact with manufacturing equipment, trace quantities of Ag, Be, Bi, Ce, La, Li, Na, Pb, Se, Sb, Sr, Th and Y may nevertheless find their way into the filler material.
  • the brazing sheet material used is devoid of any further metallic layer applied onto the outer-surface of the AISi filler material, which are added in the prior art to facilitate the controlled atmosphere brazing operation, for example as known from each of patent documents US-4,146,163, WO-01/068312, EP-1306207, WO-2008/155067 and EP-2477783.
  • the brazing filler material is clad to aluminium core alloys to form aluminium brazing sheet, including clad fin stock, and preferably the core alloy is made of an aluminium alloy from the 1 xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx or 7xxx-series alloys, for example an AA3003, AA3103, AA3005, AA3105, AA6060, AA6063 or AA6951 -type alloy.
  • a further metal can be interposed between the core alloy layer and the filler brazing material.
  • a further aluminium alloy layer may be applied to limit diffusion of alloying elements from the core layer to the filler layer or to further improve on the post-braze corrosion performance of the brazing sheet material.
  • the brazing sheet material used according to this invention can be manufactured via various techniques. For example by roll bonding as is well known in the art. Alternatively the filler alloy layer or material can be applied onto the core alloy layer by means of thermal spraying techniques. Or alternatively the core alloy layer and the filler alloy material can be manufactured by means of casting techniques, for example as disclosed in international application WO-2004/1 12992. In another aspect of the invention it relates to the use or method of use of an aluminium brazing sheet product comprising of a core alloy clad on one or both sides with a Al-Si alloy brazing filler material with consisting of, in wt.%:
  • the brazing method according to this invention has proven to be of particular use in the production of heat exchanger devices having very high requirements on inner cleanliness, in particular oil coolers and charge air coolers. These heat exchangers are not suitable for production by vacuum brazing either due to their large size or for economic reasons.
  • the invention is not linnited to the embodiments described before, which may be varied widely within the scope of the invention as defined by the appending claims.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un échangeur de chaleur, assemblé par brasage dans un processus de brasage sous atmosphère contrôlée, lequel procédé comprend les étapes consistant : (a) à disposer les composants devant être brasés les uns aux autres, dont au moins l'un est constitué par un produit de tôle de brasage en alliage d'aluminium comprenant un alliage de cœur revêtu sur un ou deux côtés par un matériau de charge de brasage en alliage Al-Si, le matériau de charge de brasage en alliage Al-Si ayant été prétraité à l'aide d'une gravure avec un agent de gravure alcalin ou acide, et le matériau de charge de brasage en alliage Al-Si ayant la composition suivante, comprenant, en % en poids :Si 5 % - 15 %, Mg 0,10 % - 3 %, Fe jusqu'à 0,8 %, Cu jusqu'à 0,3 %, Mn jusqu'à 0,8 %, Zn jusqu'à 0,25 %, Ti jusqu'à 0,3 %, le reste étant de l'aluminium, et (b) à assembler les composants sous la forme d'un ensemble, (c) braser l'ensemble sans application de flux de brasage sur les composants de l'ensemble, et à braser la totalité de l'ensemble dans une atmosphère de gaz inerte sèche sous une température de brasage, la teneur en oxygène de l'atmosphère de gaz inerte sèche étant inférieure à 35 ppm, et refroidir l'ensemble brasé.
PCT/EP2016/075155 2015-11-10 2016-10-20 Procédé de brasage sans flux WO2017080771A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112016005165.4T DE112016005165T5 (de) 2015-11-10 2016-10-20 Flussmittelfreies Hartlötverfahren

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15193931 2015-11-10
EP15193931.1 2015-11-10
EP16170673.4 2016-05-20
EP16170673 2016-05-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017080771A1 true WO2017080771A1 (fr) 2017-05-18

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DE (1) DE112016005165T5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017080771A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108225427A (zh) * 2018-01-10 2018-06-29 浙江银轮机械股份有限公司 一种油冷器在低真空条件下的快速钎焊评价系统
WO2019115422A1 (fr) 2017-12-12 2019-06-20 Constellium Neuf-Brisach Feuille de brasage multicouche d'aluminium pour brasage sans flux
CN110153911A (zh) * 2019-05-09 2019-08-23 华侨大学 一种用活性铝硅合金结合剂钎焊超硬磨料的方法
WO2020236373A1 (fr) * 2019-05-19 2020-11-26 Novelis Inc. Alliages d'aluminium pour applications de brasage sans flux, leurs procédés de préparation et utilisations associées

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4146163A (en) 1977-11-09 1979-03-27 Aluminum Company Of America Production of aluminum brazing sheet
WO2001068312A2 (fr) 2000-03-10 2001-09-20 Corus Aluminium Walzprodukte Gmbh Tole brasee et procede de fabrication d'un ensemble au moyen de cette tole brasee
EP1306207A1 (fr) 2001-10-26 2003-05-02 Sky Aluminium Co., Ltd. Feuille de brasage en alliage d'aluminium
US20030098338A1 (en) * 2001-11-21 2003-05-29 Dockus Kostas F. Methods for fluxless brazing
EP1430988A1 (fr) 2001-09-28 2004-06-23 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Technique de brasage d'un materiau en aluminium ou en alliage d'aluminium et feuille de brasage en alliage d'aluminium
WO2004112992A2 (fr) 2003-06-24 2004-12-29 Alcan International Limited Procede de coulage d'un lingot composite
US20070099023A1 (en) 2003-11-28 2007-05-03 Alcan Rhenalu Aluminium alloy strip for brazing
US20070204935A1 (en) 2004-07-28 2007-09-06 Alcan Rhenalu Method for forming a conversion layer on an aluminium alloy product prior to fluxless brazing
WO2008155067A1 (fr) 2007-06-20 2008-12-24 Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh Produit de tôle à brasage en alliage d'aluminium
EP2477783A2 (fr) 2009-09-17 2012-07-25 Sapa Heat Transfer AB Tôle à brasage en aluminium
EP2660043A1 (fr) 2012-05-04 2013-11-06 Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH Matière première composite en aluminium pour le soudage sans décapant
EP2746711A1 (fr) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 VALEO AUTOSYSTEMY Sp. Z. o.o. Plaque de noyau d'échangeur de chaleur, échangeur de chaleur équipé d'une telle plaque et procédé de fabrication d'un tel échangeur de chaleur
US20140246483A1 (en) * 2011-11-11 2014-09-04 Aleris Rolled Products Germany Gmbh Aluminium alloy sheet product or extruded product for fluxless brazing
EP2883650A1 (fr) 2013-12-13 2015-06-17 Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH Assemblage sans décapant de matériaux composites en aluminium

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4146163A (en) 1977-11-09 1979-03-27 Aluminum Company Of America Production of aluminum brazing sheet
WO2001068312A2 (fr) 2000-03-10 2001-09-20 Corus Aluminium Walzprodukte Gmbh Tole brasee et procede de fabrication d'un ensemble au moyen de cette tole brasee
EP1430988A1 (fr) 2001-09-28 2004-06-23 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Technique de brasage d'un materiau en aluminium ou en alliage d'aluminium et feuille de brasage en alliage d'aluminium
EP1306207B1 (fr) 2001-10-26 2007-01-03 Furukawa-Sky Aluminum Corp. Procédé de brasage sans fondant sous atmosphère inerte
EP1306207A1 (fr) 2001-10-26 2003-05-02 Sky Aluminium Co., Ltd. Feuille de brasage en alliage d'aluminium
US20030098338A1 (en) * 2001-11-21 2003-05-29 Dockus Kostas F. Methods for fluxless brazing
WO2004112992A2 (fr) 2003-06-24 2004-12-29 Alcan International Limited Procede de coulage d'un lingot composite
US20070099023A1 (en) 2003-11-28 2007-05-03 Alcan Rhenalu Aluminium alloy strip for brazing
US20070204935A1 (en) 2004-07-28 2007-09-06 Alcan Rhenalu Method for forming a conversion layer on an aluminium alloy product prior to fluxless brazing
WO2008155067A1 (fr) 2007-06-20 2008-12-24 Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh Produit de tôle à brasage en alliage d'aluminium
EP2477783A2 (fr) 2009-09-17 2012-07-25 Sapa Heat Transfer AB Tôle à brasage en aluminium
US20140246483A1 (en) * 2011-11-11 2014-09-04 Aleris Rolled Products Germany Gmbh Aluminium alloy sheet product or extruded product for fluxless brazing
EP2660043A1 (fr) 2012-05-04 2013-11-06 Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH Matière première composite en aluminium pour le soudage sans décapant
EP2746711A1 (fr) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 VALEO AUTOSYSTEMY Sp. Z. o.o. Plaque de noyau d'échangeur de chaleur, échangeur de chaleur équipé d'une telle plaque et procédé de fabrication d'un tel échangeur de chaleur
EP2883650A1 (fr) 2013-12-13 2015-06-17 Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH Assemblage sans décapant de matériaux composites en aluminium

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019115422A1 (fr) 2017-12-12 2019-06-20 Constellium Neuf-Brisach Feuille de brasage multicouche d'aluminium pour brasage sans flux
US11654516B2 (en) 2017-12-12 2023-05-23 Constellium Neuf-Brisach Aluminium multilayer brazing sheet for fluxfree brazing
CN108225427A (zh) * 2018-01-10 2018-06-29 浙江银轮机械股份有限公司 一种油冷器在低真空条件下的快速钎焊评价系统
CN108225427B (zh) * 2018-01-10 2020-07-28 浙江银轮机械股份有限公司 一种油冷器在低真空条件下的钎焊评价系统
CN110153911A (zh) * 2019-05-09 2019-08-23 华侨大学 一种用活性铝硅合金结合剂钎焊超硬磨料的方法
WO2020236373A1 (fr) * 2019-05-19 2020-11-26 Novelis Inc. Alliages d'aluminium pour applications de brasage sans flux, leurs procédés de préparation et utilisations associées

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