Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
  • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
  • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
  • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
  • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
  • G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
  • G09B23/30—Anatomical models

Definitions

• the subject of the invention is a method of reproducing complex thin- walled objects.
• Such models can include thin-walled objects reproducing the human blood vessels, for instance. Due to the complex shapes of the objects to be copied, the execution of such models is a very difficult task.
• Patent claim ref. US4312826A describes a method of preparing physiological organ models by injecting e.g. silicone to a dissected organ, enclosing the organ in a mold and removing the fill, and then using the mold to create a model of the organ.
• Patent claim ref. EP0393335A2 presents a method of creating thin- walled casting molds by preparing a model out of fusible material, such as wax, which is then removed from the mold by melting.
• Rapid Prototyping a possibility was created to copy any random shape of any object and to create models of organs functioning in a living organism.
• Document ref. US5768134 describes a method of creating improved medical models, basing on the digital image of body parts and applying the rapid prototyping method.
• problems with the RP technique occur when complex objects are to be created with the use of elastic materials. Eliminating these limitations is thus the purpose of the new method of reproducing complex thin- walled objects.
• the method of reproducing complex thin-walled objects as per the invention consists in the creation of a tomographic image of the modeled object in stage one, preferably by obtaining a halftone tomographic image of the modeled object (DICOM), which is then used to create a three-dimensional numeric model, preferably by determining the internal and external vector contours of the analyzed object in each recorded layer, and by creating a collection of 2D contours forming a three-dimensional 3D contour model, which is then used to create an STL polygon mesh model used in the rapid prototyping method to generate a wax model of the object using the rapid prototyping technique.
• the model is then coated with at least one thin layer of silicone, preferably using the spray-application method.
• the process of coating the model with a thin silicone layer is repeated multiple times until the desired wall thickness is obtained.
• the wax model is melted to produce the ultimate thin-walled silicone model of the object, whereas the geometry of the layer is copied by the wax model, which produces its shape.
• the use of the currently applied rapid prototyping technique in the initial stage of the method according to the invention guarantees the accuracy of reproducing of the internal shape of the model created.
• the successive stages allow for producing an internally void, layered model.
• fig. 1 presents a model of a fragment of the human brain vascular system, created out of wax, using the rapid prototyping techniques
• fig. 2 presents the coating of the wax model with silicone using the spray-application method
• fig. 3 presents the coating of the wax model with silicone using the dip coating method
• fig. 4 presents the process of melting the wax model.
• the first stage of reproducing and modeling consists in the creation of a tomographic image of the modeled object by obtaining a halftone tomographic image of the modeled object (DICOM) which is then used to create a three- dimensional numeric model by determining the internal and external vector contours of the analyzed object in each recorded layer.
• a collection of 2D contours is then created, which form a three-dimensional 3D contour model, which is then used to create an STL polygon mesh model.
• the STL polygon mesh model is then used in the rapid prototyping method to generate a wax model of the object using the rapid prototyping technique, preferably on a ProJet CPX 3000 printer. CPX200 VisiJet material was used to create the wax model.
• the model is then coated with 5 layers of silicone, using the spray-application method. After obtaining the desired wall thickness, the wax model is melted at 70°C to produce the ultimate thin-walled silicone model of the object, whereas the geometry of the layer is copied by the wax model, which produces its shape.
• a wax model is created as per the method set forth in example 1, which is then coated with 5 layers of silicone, using the dip-coating method.
• MM 240TV A+B transparent polyaddition silicone The silicone used is characterized by high dimensional stability, low contraction properties and working temperature range from -50 to 200°C. The drying time of each silicone layer was 12 hours. After obtaining the desired wall thickness, the wax model is melted to produce the ultimate thin-walled silicone model of the object, whereas the geometry of the layer is copied by the wax model, which produces its shape.
• the method of reproducing complex thin-walled objects allows for creating didactic models of thin-walled anatomic systems for training medicine students, physicians, etc., assisting in the examination of vascular systems, aiding in inserting stents (to for expanding blood vessels). It is also possible to create models applied in the calibration of breadcrumb trails for medical robots in procedures requiring the insertion of diagnostic probes to blood vessels, and models for computer-assisted laparoscopic surgery. This method can be successfully applied in creating models used for planning surgeries, to imitate complex clinical manifestations, lesions, which are difficult to model using standard diagnostic methods.

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• Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)

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Citations (7)

• 2015
  • 2015-09-15 PL PL414009A patent/PL414009A1/pl unknown
  • 2015-09-23 WO PCT/PL2015/050045 patent/WO2017048139A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (7)

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