WO2017038086A1 - Exhaust diffuser - Google Patents

Exhaust diffuser Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017038086A1
WO2017038086A1 PCT/JP2016/003958 JP2016003958W WO2017038086A1 WO 2017038086 A1 WO2017038086 A1 WO 2017038086A1 JP 2016003958 W JP2016003958 W JP 2016003958W WO 2017038086 A1 WO2017038086 A1 WO 2017038086A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
strut
tubular
inner cylinder
tubular strut
flat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/003958
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
拓也 池口
晃司 寺内
恵次 追風
直人 阪井
Original Assignee
川崎重工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 川崎重工業株式会社 filed Critical 川崎重工業株式会社
Priority to GB1803441.3A priority Critical patent/GB2556798B/en
Priority to US15/755,915 priority patent/US10851676B2/en
Priority to DE112016003468.7T priority patent/DE112016003468B4/en
Priority to CN201680044263.XA priority patent/CN107923261B/en
Publication of WO2017038086A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017038086A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/30—Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
    • F01D25/162—Bearing supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/06—Fluid supply conduits to nozzles or the like
    • F01D9/065—Fluid supply or removal conduits traversing the working fluid flow, e.g. for lubrication-, cooling-, or sealing fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K1/00—Steam accumulators
    • F01K1/04—Steam accumulators for storing steam in a liquid, e.g. Ruth's type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/52—Nozzles specially constructed for positioning adjacent to another nozzle or to a fixed member, e.g. fairing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05D2230/21—Manufacture essentially without removing material by casting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/10—Stators
    • F05D2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
    • F05D2240/128—Nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
    • F05D2250/23—Three-dimensional prismatic
    • F05D2250/231—Three-dimensional prismatic cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
    • F05D2250/23—Three-dimensional prismatic
    • F05D2250/232—Three-dimensional prismatic conical

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an exhaust diffuser.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an exhaust diffuser incorporated in a gas turbine engine.
  • the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are connected by a plurality of struts. Between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, an exhaust passage that extends from the front toward the rear is formed.
  • the struts have the same plate shape and are arranged on the same circumference at an equiangular pitch.
  • some of the plurality of struts are formed into a tubular shape, and piping or the like is passed through the inside.
  • piping or the like is passed through the inside.
  • some of the struts are tubular and thickened in this way, the pressure loss increases in the region where the struts exist.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust diffuser that can reduce pressure loss caused by a tubular strut even when the tubular strut is included.
  • an exhaust diffuser includes an outer cylinder that forms an exhaust passage that extends from the front toward the rear between the inner cylinder and the inner cylinder, At least one tubular strut connecting the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the outer cylinder has a front cone portion in front of the tubular strut, and has a larger inclination angle than the front cone portion. It has an outer flare portion that starts to spread from the front side of the tubular strut, and the inner cylinder has a front straight portion that faces the front cone portion and the outer flare portion, and a maximum width portion and a rear portion of the tubular strut. It has an inside flare part which begins to spread from between the edges.
  • front and “rear” refer to one side (upstream side of exhaust flow) and the other side (downstream side of exhaust flow) of the exhaust diffuser, respectively.
  • the exhaust passage is enlarged by the outer flare portion in front of the tubular strut, the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage is sufficiently decelerated and then flows between the tubular struts. Therefore, the pressure loss in the vicinity of the front edge of the tubular strut can be reduced.
  • the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage increases rapidly due to the decrease in the area occupied by the tubular struts behind the maximum width portion of the tubular struts.
  • there is an inner flare part such a rapid increase in the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage can be mitigated by the inner flare part. Thereby, pressure loss can be reduced even in the vicinity of the rear edge of the tubular strut.
  • a part of the outer cylinder and a part of the inner cylinder may be integrally formed with the tubular strut by casting. According to this configuration, an exhaust diffuser suitable for medium-sized and small-sized gas turbine engines can be realized.
  • the outer cylinder has an outer straight portion extending rearward from the rear end of the outer flare portion beyond the maximum width portion of the tubular strut, and a rear conical portion expanding in diameter from the rear end of the outer straight portion
  • the inner cylinder may have a rear straight portion extending rearward from a rear end of the inner flare portion. According to this configuration, the outer cylinder is not formed with a recess that is recessed radially outward from the exhaust channel, and the inner cylinder is not formed with a recess that is recessed radially inward from the exhaust channel.
  • the exhaust diffuser may further include at least one flat strut that connects the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder and overlaps the tubular strut in the axial direction of the exhaust diffuser.
  • a thin strut can be employed at a place where there is no piping or the like, and a large cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage can be ensured. Thereby, pressure loss can be made smaller than when all the struts are tubular struts.
  • the front edge of the flat strut may be located in front of the front edge of the tubular strut, and the rear edge of the flat strut may be located behind the maximum width portion of the tubular strut. According to this configuration, since the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage is reduced by the flat strut and then greatly reduced by the tubular strut, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage can be changed gently. Thereby, compared with the case where the front edge of a tubular strut and the front edge of a flat strut correspond, pressure loss can be made small.
  • the trailing edge of the flat strut may be positioned in front of the trailing edge of the tubular strut. According to this configuration, the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust flow passage merges in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the flat strut and then merges in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the tubular strut. Thereby, a flow can be stabilized.
  • An exhaust diffuser includes an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder that forms an exhaust passage that extends from the front toward the rear, and the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. At least one tubular strut that connects the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and at least one flat strut that overlaps the tubular strut in the axial direction of the exhaust diffuser, and the front of the flat strut The edge is located forward of the front edge of the tubular strut, and the rear edge of the flat strut is located behind the maximum width portion of the tubular strut.
  • the trailing edge of the flat strut may be positioned forward of the trailing edge of the tubular strut. According to this configuration, the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust flow passage merges in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the flat strut and then merges in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the tubular strut. Thereby, a flow can be stabilized.
  • a part of the outer cylinder and a part of the inner cylinder may be integrally formed with the tubular strut by casting. According to this configuration, an exhaust diffuser suitable for medium-sized and small-sized gas turbine engines can be realized.
  • the pressure loss due to the tubular strut can be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a gas turbine engine in which an exhaust diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention is incorporated. It is sectional drawing of an exhaust diffuser.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 1 shows a gas turbine engine 1 in which an exhaust diffuser 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention is incorporated.
  • an exhaust diffuser 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention is incorporated.
  • one (the upstream side of the exhaust flow) in the axial direction (horizontal direction in the present embodiment) of the exhaust diffuser 2 is referred to as the front, and the other (the downstream side of the exhaust flow) is referred to as the rear.
  • the gas turbine engine 1 includes a compressor 11, a combustion chamber 12 and a turbine 13.
  • the exhaust diffuser 2 is disposed downstream of the turbine 13.
  • the gas turbine engine 1 also includes a rotor 14 that penetrates the compressor 11 and the turbine 13.
  • a generator 15 is connected to the front end of the rotor 14.
  • the exhaust diffuser 2 includes an inner cylinder 3 and an outer cylinder 4.
  • An exhaust passage 21 is formed between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4 so as to expand from the front toward the rear.
  • the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4 are mutually connected by a plurality of (two in the illustrated example) tubular struts 5 and a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) flat struts 6 extending in the radial direction of the exhaust diffuser 2. It is connected.
  • each of the tubular struts 5 and the flat struts 6 may be at least one, and the number of the tubular struts 5 and the number of the flat struts 6 can be appropriately determined.
  • the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the exhaust diffuser 2.
  • Each flat strut 6 is parallel to the radial direction of the exhaust diffuser 2.
  • each flat strut 6 may be inclined with respect to the radial direction of the exhaust diffuser 2.
  • two tubular struts 5 are arranged above and below the inner cylinder 3, and two flat struts 6 are arranged on the right and left sides of the inner cylinder 3, respectively.
  • the exhaust diffuser 2 of this embodiment is suitable for medium and small gas turbine engines. For this reason, a part of the outer cylinder 4 and a part of the inner cylinder 3 are integrally formed with the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6 by casting.
  • the outer cylinder 4 is divided into a front piece 4A and a rear piece 4B
  • the inner cylinder 3 is divided into a front piece 3A and a rear piece 3B.
  • the front piece 4A of the outer cylinder 4 and the front piece 3A of the inner cylinder 3 are integrally formed with the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6 by casting.
  • Each of the rear piece 4B of the outer cylinder 4 and the rear piece 3B of the inner cylinder 3 is manufactured by sheet metal processing, for example.
  • the flat strut 6 protrudes forward from the tubular strut 5. In other words, the flat strut 6 partially overlaps the tubular strut 5 in the axial direction of the exhaust diffuser 2.
  • each tubular strut 5 is a waterdrop shape that sharpens toward the rear, and the front from the maximum width portion 55 is semicircular, and the rear from the maximum width portion 55 is substantially V-shaped.
  • width refers to the thickness of the tubular strut 5 in the circumferential direction of the exhaust diffuser 2.
  • the front piece 4A of the outer cylinder 4 and the front piece 3A of the inner cylinder 3 are respectively provided with openings 45 and 35 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) having the same shape as the internal space of the tubular strut 5.
  • the front edge 61 of the flat strut 6 is located in front of the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5 by a distance A. Further, the rear edge 62 of the flat strut 6 is positioned forward by a distance B from the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5. However, the rear edge 62 of the flat strut 6 is located behind the maximum width portion 55 of the tubular strut 5.
  • the “front edge” and the “rear edge” refer to straight edges of portions having a constant cross-sectional shape in each of the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6.
  • the outer cylinder 4 has a front conical portion 41, an outer flare portion 42, an outer straight portion 43, and a rear conical portion 44 in order from the front.
  • These portions 41 to 44 constitute a continuous inward wall surface. That is, the front end of the front cone portion 41 is the front end of the outer cylinder 4, the rear end of the rear cone portion 44 is the rear end of the outer cylinder 4, and the rear end and the front end of adjacent portions are connected to each other. Yes.
  • the front cone part 41, the outer flare part 42, and the outer straight part 43 are components of the front piece 4A, and the rear cone part 44 is a component of the rear piece 4B.
  • the front cone part 41 is located in front of the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6.
  • the front cone portion 41 has a diameter that increases toward the rear at a relatively gentle inclination angle.
  • the outer flare portion 42 starts to spread from the front side with respect to the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6 at a larger inclination angle than the front cone portion 41.
  • the rear end of the outer flare portion 42 is located behind the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5.
  • the rear end of the outer flare portion 42 may be located at the same position as the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5, or may be located forward of the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5.
  • the outer flare portion 42 is formed by reducing the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 due to the tubular strut 5 in the vicinity of the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5 (in some cases, in the vicinity of the front edge 61 of the flat strut 6.
  • the diameter of the outer cylinder 4 is increased so as to cancel (and not necessarily to zero) the reduction in the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 caused by the flat strut 6.
  • the outer straight portion 43 extends rearward from the rear end of the outer flare portion 42 beyond the maximum width portion 55 of the tubular strut 5.
  • the rear end of the outer straight portion 43 is located behind the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5.
  • the rear end of the outer straight portion 43 may be located at the same position as the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5 or may be located forward of the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5.
  • the rear conical part 44 is enlarged in diameter from the rear end of the outer straight part 43 toward the rear.
  • the inclination angle of the rear cone portion 44 may be the same as or different from the inclination angle of the front cone portion 41.
  • the inner cylinder 3 has a front straight part 31, an inner flare part 32, and a rear straight part 33 in order from the front.
  • These portions 31 to 33 constitute a continuous outward wall surface. That is, the front end of the front straight portion 31 is the front end of the inner cylinder 3, the rear end of the rear straight portion 33 is the rear end of the inner cylinder 3, and the rear end and the front end of adjacent portions are connected to each other. Yes.
  • the front straight portion 31 and the inner flare portion 32 are components of the front piece 3A, and the rear straight portion 33 is a component of the rear piece 3B.
  • the front straight portion 31 extends rearward from the front end of the inner cylinder 3 beyond the maximum width portion 55 of the tubular strut 5. For this reason, the front straight portion 31 faces the entire front conical portion 41 and the outer flare portion 42 of the outer cylinder 4 and also faces a part of the outer straight portion 43.
  • the inner flare portion 32 starts to spread between the maximum width portion 55 and the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5.
  • the rear end of the inner flare portion 32 is located behind the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5.
  • the inner flare portion 32 increases the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 due to the tubular strut 5 in the vicinity of the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5 (in some cases, in the vicinity of the rear edge 62 of the flat strut 6.
  • the diameter of the inner cylinder 3 is increased so as to cancel out (and increase in the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 caused by the flat strut 6) (not necessarily zero).
  • the rear straight portion 33 extends rearward from the rear end of the inner flare portion 32 and faces the rear conical portion 44 of the outer cylinder 4.
  • the exhaust passage 21 is enlarged by the outer flare portion 42 in front of the tubular strut 5, so that the exhaust flowing through the exhaust passage 21 is sufficiently decelerated. It flows between the tubular struts 5. Therefore, the pressure loss in the vicinity of the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5 can be reduced.
  • the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 increases rapidly due to the decrease in the area occupied by the tubular strut 5 behind the maximum width portion 55 of the tubular strut 5.
  • the rapid increase in the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 can be mitigated by the inner flare part 32. Thereby, the pressure loss can be reduced even in the vicinity of the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5.
  • the front edge 61 of the flat strut 6 is positioned in front of the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 is reduced slightly by the flat strut 6. It is greatly reduced by the tubular strut 5. For this reason, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 can be changed gently. Thereby, compared with the case where the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5 and the front edge 61 of the flat strut 6 correspond, pressure loss can be made small.
  • the tubular strut 5 is connected after the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 21 merges in the vicinity of the trailing edge 62 of the flat strut 6. Merges in the vicinity of the trailing edge 52. Thereby, a flow can be stabilized.
  • the outer cylinder 4 is not formed with a recess that is recessed radially outward from the exhaust flow path 21, and the inner cylinder 3 is not formed with a recess that is recessed radially inward from the exhaust flow path. .
  • the number of divisions of the mold for example, a wooden mold
  • the exhaust diffuser 2 is not necessarily incorporated into the gas turbine engine 1, and may be disposed downstream of the steam turbine, for example.
  • the flat strut 6 does not necessarily overlap with the tubular strut 5, and the flat strut 6 may overlap with the tubular strut 5 as a whole.
  • the flat strut 6 is not necessarily required, and only a plurality of tubular struts 5 may be provided. However, if at least one tubular strut 5 and at least one flat strut 6 are provided as in the above-described embodiment, a thin strut can be adopted in a place where there is no piping or the like, and the exhaust passage 21 is disconnected. A large area can be secured. Thereby, compared with the case where all the struts are made into the tubular strut 5, pressure loss can be made small.
  • the front end of the outer flare portion 42 may be located behind the front edge 61 of the flat strut 6. However, if the front end of the outer flare part 42 is located in front of the front edge 61 of the flat strut 6 as in the above embodiment, the speed of the exhaust gas flowing between the flat struts 6 can be reduced.
  • the rear edge 62 of the flat strut 6 does not necessarily have to be positioned forward of the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5, and is the same position as the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5 or the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5. May be located rearward.
  • an intermediate cone portion having the same inclination angle as that of the rear cone portion 44 may be provided instead of the outer straight portion 43 of the outer cylinder 4.
  • a conical portion whose diameter is reduced from the rear end of the inner flare portion 32 is adopted, and instead of the rear conical portion 44 of the outer cylinder 4, the straight portion is It may be adopted.
  • each of the front piece 4A of the outer cylinder 4 and the front piece 3A of the inner cylinder 3 may be manufactured by sheet metal processing. Furthermore, each of the outer cylinder 4 and the inner cylinder 3 may be a single member.
  • the outer cylinder 4 does not have the outer flare part 42 and the inner cylinder 3 does not have the inner flare part 32. Also good. That is, in the above-described embodiment, since the front edge 61 of the flat strut 6 is positioned in front of the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 is reduced by the flat strut 6 to a small extent. It is greatly reduced by the tubular strut 5. For this reason, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 can be changed gently.
  • the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4 have the exhaust passage 21 formed between them from the front to the rear. Any shape may be used as long as it spreads out.
  • the rear edge 62 of the flat strut 6 does not necessarily have to be located in front of the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5. Instead, it may be located at the same position as the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5 or behind the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5.
  • each of the outer cylinder 4 and the inner cylinder 3 may be manufactured by sheet metal processing as a whole or may be a single member.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

An exhaust diffuser is provided with an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder that together with the inner cylinder forms an exhaust passage widening rearward from the front, and at least one tubular strut linking the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The outer cylinder has a front conic section in front of the tubular strut, and an outer flare section that begins to widen in front of the tubular strut at a greater angle of inclination than the front conic section. The inner cylinder has a front strut section facing the front conic section and the outer flare section, and an inner flare section that begins to widen between the widest portion and the rear edge of the tubular strut.

Description

排気ディフューザExhaust diffuser
　本発明は、排気ディフューザに関する。 The present invention relates to an exhaust diffuser.
　従来から、タービンの下流には、タービンからの排気の動圧を静圧に変換する排気ディフューザが配置されている。例えば、特許文献１には、ガスタービンエンジンに組み込まれた排気ディフューザが開示されている。 Conventionally, an exhaust diffuser that converts the dynamic pressure of the exhaust gas from the turbine into a static pressure is disposed downstream of the turbine. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an exhaust diffuser incorporated in a gas turbine engine.
　特許文献１に開示された排気ディフューザでは、内筒と外筒とが複数のストラットによって連結されている。内筒と外筒の間には、前方から後方に向かって広がる排気流路が形成されている。ストラットは、互いに同一の板状をなしており、同一円周上に等角度ピッチで配置されている。 In the exhaust diffuser disclosed in Patent Document 1, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are connected by a plurality of struts. Between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, an exhaust passage that extends from the front toward the rear is formed. The struts have the same plate shape and are arranged on the same circumference at an equiangular pitch.
特開２０１４－７７４４１号公報JP 2014-77441 A
　ところで、複数のストラットのうちのいくつかを管状にし、その内部に配管などを通すことも行われている。しかしながら、このようにストラットのうちのいくつかを管状にして太くした場合には、ストラットが存する領域で圧力損失が大きくなる。 By the way, some of the plurality of struts are formed into a tubular shape, and piping or the like is passed through the inside. However, when some of the struts are tubular and thickened in this way, the pressure loss increases in the region where the struts exist.
　そこで、本発明は、管状ストラットを含んでいても、管状ストラットに起因する圧力損失を小さくすることができる排気ディフューザを提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust diffuser that can reduce pressure loss caused by a tubular strut even when the tubular strut is included.
　前記課題を解決するために、本発明の１つの側面からの排気ディフューザは、内筒と、前記内筒との間に、前方から後方に向かって広がる排気流路を形成する外筒と、前記内筒と前記外筒とを連結する少なくとも１つの管状ストラットと、を備え、前記外筒は、前記管状ストラットよりも前方に前側円錐部を有するとともに、前記前側円錐部よりも大きな傾斜角度で前記管状ストラットよりも前方から広がり始める外側フレア部を有しており、前記内筒は、前記前側円錐部および前記外側フレア部と対向する前側ストレート部を有するとともに、前記管状ストラットの最大幅部分と後縁の間から広がり始める内側フレア部を有している、ことを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-described problem, an exhaust diffuser according to one aspect of the present invention includes an outer cylinder that forms an exhaust passage that extends from the front toward the rear between the inner cylinder and the inner cylinder, At least one tubular strut connecting the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the outer cylinder has a front cone portion in front of the tubular strut, and has a larger inclination angle than the front cone portion. It has an outer flare portion that starts to spread from the front side of the tubular strut, and the inner cylinder has a front straight portion that faces the front cone portion and the outer flare portion, and a maximum width portion and a rear portion of the tubular strut. It has an inside flare part which begins to spread from between the edges.
　ここで、「前方」および「後方」とは、それぞれ排気ディフューザの軸方向の一方（排気の流れの上流側）および他方（排気の流れの下流側）をいう。 Here, “front” and “rear” refer to one side (upstream side of exhaust flow) and the other side (downstream side of exhaust flow) of the exhaust diffuser, respectively.
　上記の構成によれば、管状ストラットの前方で外側フレア部により排気流路が拡大されるため、排気流路を流れる排気は十分に減速された後に管状ストラット間に流入する。従って、管状ストラットの前縁近傍での圧力損失を小さくすることができる。一方、内側フレア部がない場合には、管状ストラットの最大幅部分よりも後方では、管状ストラットの占有面積の減少により、排気流路の断面積が急激に増加する。これに対し、内側フレア部があれば、内側フレア部によってそのような排気流路の断面積の急激な増加を緩和することができる。これにより、管状ストラットの後縁近傍でも圧力損失を小さくすることができる。 According to the above configuration, since the exhaust passage is enlarged by the outer flare portion in front of the tubular strut, the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage is sufficiently decelerated and then flows between the tubular struts. Therefore, the pressure loss in the vicinity of the front edge of the tubular strut can be reduced. On the other hand, when there is no inner flare portion, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage increases rapidly due to the decrease in the area occupied by the tubular struts behind the maximum width portion of the tubular struts. On the other hand, if there is an inner flare part, such a rapid increase in the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage can be mitigated by the inner flare part. Thereby, pressure loss can be reduced even in the vicinity of the rear edge of the tubular strut.
　前記外筒の一部および前記内筒の一部は、鋳造により前記管状ストラットと一体的に形成されていてもよい。この構成によれば、中型および小型のガスタービンエンジンに適した排気ディフューザを実現できる。 A part of the outer cylinder and a part of the inner cylinder may be integrally formed with the tubular strut by casting. According to this configuration, an exhaust diffuser suitable for medium-sized and small-sized gas turbine engines can be realized.
　前記外筒は、前記外側フレア部の後端から前記管状ストラットの最大幅部分を超えて後方に延びる外側ストレート部と、前記外側ストレート部の後端から拡径する後側円錐部を有し、前記内筒は、前記内側フレア部の後端から後方に延びる後側ストレート部を有してもよい。この構成によれば、外筒に排気流路から径方向外向きに窪む凹部が形成されず、かつ、内筒に排気流路から径方向内向きに窪む凹部が形成されないため、外筒の一部および内筒の一部を管状ストラットと共に鋳造により製造する際に、鋳型の分割数を少なくすることができる。 The outer cylinder has an outer straight portion extending rearward from the rear end of the outer flare portion beyond the maximum width portion of the tubular strut, and a rear conical portion expanding in diameter from the rear end of the outer straight portion, The inner cylinder may have a rear straight portion extending rearward from a rear end of the inner flare portion. According to this configuration, the outer cylinder is not formed with a recess that is recessed radially outward from the exhaust channel, and the inner cylinder is not formed with a recess that is recessed radially inward from the exhaust channel. When a part of the inner cylinder and a part of the inner cylinder are manufactured together with the tubular strut by casting, the number of mold divisions can be reduced.
　上記の排気ディフューザは、前記内筒と前記外筒とを連結する、当該排気ディフューザの軸方向において前記管状ストラットと重なり合う少なくとも１つの扁平ストラットをさらに備えてもよい。この構成によれば、配管などが無い箇所では細いストラットを採用することができ、排気流路の断面積を大きく確保することができる。これにより、全てのストラットを管状ストラットとしたときと比べて、圧力損失を小さくすることができる。 The exhaust diffuser may further include at least one flat strut that connects the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder and overlaps the tubular strut in the axial direction of the exhaust diffuser. According to this configuration, a thin strut can be employed at a place where there is no piping or the like, and a large cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage can be ensured. Thereby, pressure loss can be made smaller than when all the struts are tubular struts.
　前記扁平ストラットの前縁は、前記管状ストラットの前縁よりも前方に位置しており、前記扁平ストラットの後縁は、前記管状ストラットの最大幅部分よりも後方に位置していてもよい。この構成によれば、排気流路の断面積が、扁平ストラットによって小さく減少された後に管状ストラットによって大きく減少されるため、排気流路の断面積を緩やかに変化させることができる。これにより、管状ストラットの前縁と扁平ストラットの前縁が一致している場合に比べ、圧力損失を小さくすることができる。 The front edge of the flat strut may be located in front of the front edge of the tubular strut, and the rear edge of the flat strut may be located behind the maximum width portion of the tubular strut. According to this configuration, since the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage is reduced by the flat strut and then greatly reduced by the tubular strut, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage can be changed gently. Thereby, compared with the case where the front edge of a tubular strut and the front edge of a flat strut correspond, pressure loss can be made small.
　前記扁平ストラットの後縁は、前記管状ストラットの後縁よりも前方に位置していてもよい。この構成によれば、排気流路を流れる排気が扁平ストラットの後縁近傍で合流した後に管状ストラットの後縁近傍で合流する。これにより、流れを安定化させることができる。 The trailing edge of the flat strut may be positioned in front of the trailing edge of the tubular strut. According to this configuration, the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust flow passage merges in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the flat strut and then merges in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the tubular strut. Thereby, a flow can be stabilized.
　また、本発明の他の側面からの排気ディフューザは、内筒と、前記内筒との間に、前方から後方に向かって広がる排気流路を形成する外筒と、前記内筒と前記外筒とを連結する少なくとも１つの管状ストラットと、前記内筒と前記外筒とを連結する、当該排気ディフューザの軸方向において前記管状ストラットと重なり合う少なくとも１つの扁平ストラットと、を備え、前記扁平ストラットの前縁は、前記管状ストラットの前縁よりも前方に位置しており、前記扁平ストラットの後縁は、前記管状ストラットの最大幅部分よりも後方に位置している、ことを特徴とする。 An exhaust diffuser according to another aspect of the present invention includes an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder that forms an exhaust passage that extends from the front toward the rear, and the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. At least one tubular strut that connects the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and at least one flat strut that overlaps the tubular strut in the axial direction of the exhaust diffuser, and the front of the flat strut The edge is located forward of the front edge of the tubular strut, and the rear edge of the flat strut is located behind the maximum width portion of the tubular strut.
　上記の構成によれば、排気流路の断面積が、扁平ストラットによって小さく減少された後に管状ストラットによって大きく減少されるため、排気流路の断面積を緩やかに変化させることができる。これにより、管状ストラットの前縁と扁平ストラットの前縁が一致している場合に比べ、圧力損失を小さくすることができる。 According to the above configuration, since the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage is reduced by the flat strut and then greatly reduced by the tubular strut, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage can be changed gently. Thereby, compared with the case where the front edge of a tubular strut and the front edge of a flat strut correspond, pressure loss can be made small.
　上記の他の側面からの排気ディフューザにおいて、前記扁平ストラットの後縁は、前記管状ストラットの後縁よりも前方に位置していてもよい。この構成によれば、排気流路を流れる排気が扁平ストラットの後縁近傍で合流した後に管状ストラットの後縁近傍で合流する。これにより、流れを安定化させることができる。 In the exhaust diffuser from the other side surface, the trailing edge of the flat strut may be positioned forward of the trailing edge of the tubular strut. According to this configuration, the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust flow passage merges in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the flat strut and then merges in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the tubular strut. Thereby, a flow can be stabilized.
　上記の他の側面からの排気ディフューザにおいて、前記外筒の一部および前記内筒の一部は、鋳造により前記管状ストラットと一体的に形成されていてもよい。この構成によれば、中型および小型のガスタービンエンジンに適した排気ディフューザを実現できる。 In the exhaust diffuser from the other side surface, a part of the outer cylinder and a part of the inner cylinder may be integrally formed with the tubular strut by casting. According to this configuration, an exhaust diffuser suitable for medium-sized and small-sized gas turbine engines can be realized.
　本発明によれば、管状ストラットを含んでいても、管状ストラットに起因する圧力損失を小さくすることができる。 According to the present invention, even if a tubular strut is included, the pressure loss due to the tubular strut can be reduced.
本発明の一実施形態に係る排気ディフューザが組み込まれたガスタービンエンジンの概略構成図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a gas turbine engine in which an exhaust diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention is incorporated. 排気ディフューザの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of an exhaust diffuser. 図２のIII－III線に沿った断面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. 図３のIV－IV線に沿った断面図である。FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3.
　図１に、本発明の一実施形態に係る排気ディフューザ２が組み込まれたガスタービンエンジン１を示す。以下では、排気ディフューザ２の軸方向（本実施形態では水平方向）の一方（排気の流れの上流側）を前方、他方（排気の流れの下流側）を後方という。 FIG. 1 shows a gas turbine engine 1 in which an exhaust diffuser 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention is incorporated. Hereinafter, one (the upstream side of the exhaust flow) in the axial direction (horizontal direction in the present embodiment) of the exhaust diffuser 2 is referred to as the front, and the other (the downstream side of the exhaust flow) is referred to as the rear.
　ガスタービンエンジン１は、圧縮機１１、燃焼室１２およびタービン１３を含む。排気ディフューザ２は、タービン１３の下流に配置されている。また、ガスタービンエンジン１は、圧縮機１１およびタービン１３を貫通するロータ１４を含む。ロータ１４の前端部には、発電機１５が接続されている。 The gas turbine engine 1 includes a compressor 11, a combustion chamber 12 and a turbine 13. The exhaust diffuser 2 is disposed downstream of the turbine 13. The gas turbine engine 1 also includes a rotor 14 that penetrates the compressor 11 and the turbine 13. A generator 15 is connected to the front end of the rotor 14.
　図２および図３に示すように、排気ディフューザ２は、内筒３および外筒４を含む。内筒３と外筒４との間には、前方から後方に向かって広がる排気流路２１が形成されている。本実施形態では、内筒３と外筒４とが、排気ディフューザ２の径方向に延びる複数（図例では２つ）の管状ストラット５および複数（図例では４つ）の扁平ストラット６によって互いに連結されている。ただし、管状ストラット５および扁平ストラット６のそれぞれは少なくとも１つあればよく、管状ストラット５の数および扁平ストラット６の数は適宜決定可能である。 2 and 3, the exhaust diffuser 2 includes an inner cylinder 3 and an outer cylinder 4. An exhaust passage 21 is formed between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4 so as to expand from the front toward the rear. In this embodiment, the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4 are mutually connected by a plurality of (two in the illustrated example) tubular struts 5 and a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) flat struts 6 extending in the radial direction of the exhaust diffuser 2. It is connected. However, each of the tubular struts 5 and the flat struts 6 may be at least one, and the number of the tubular struts 5 and the number of the flat struts 6 can be appropriately determined.
　管状ストラット５および扁平ストラット６は、排気ディフューザ２の周方向に並んでいる。各扁平ストラット６は、排気ディフューザ２の径方向に平行である。ただし、各扁平ストラット６は、排気ディフューザ２の径方向に対して傾斜していてもよい。本実施形態では、内筒３の上方および下方に２つの管状ストラット５が配置され、内筒３の右方および左方に扁平ストラット６が２つずつ配置されている。 The tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the exhaust diffuser 2. Each flat strut 6 is parallel to the radial direction of the exhaust diffuser 2. However, each flat strut 6 may be inclined with respect to the radial direction of the exhaust diffuser 2. In the present embodiment, two tubular struts 5 are arranged above and below the inner cylinder 3, and two flat struts 6 are arranged on the right and left sides of the inner cylinder 3, respectively.
　本実施形態の排気ディフューザ２は、中型および小型のガスタービンエンジンに適したものである。このため、外筒４の一部および内筒３の一部は、鋳造により管状ストラット５および扁平ストラット６と一体的に形成されている。 The exhaust diffuser 2 of this embodiment is suitable for medium and small gas turbine engines. For this reason, a part of the outer cylinder 4 and a part of the inner cylinder 3 are integrally formed with the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6 by casting.
　より詳しくは、外筒４は前方ピース４Ａと後方ピース４Ｂとに分割されており、内筒３は前方ピース３Ａと後方ピース３Ｂとに分割されている。そして、外筒４の前方ピース４Ａおよび内筒３の前方ピース３Ａが、鋳造により管状ストラット５および扁平ストラット６と一体的に形成されている。外筒４の後方ピース４Ｂおよび内筒３の後方ピース３Ｂのそれぞれは、例えば板金加工によって製造される。 More specifically, the outer cylinder 4 is divided into a front piece 4A and a rear piece 4B, and the inner cylinder 3 is divided into a front piece 3A and a rear piece 3B. And the front piece 4A of the outer cylinder 4 and the front piece 3A of the inner cylinder 3 are integrally formed with the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6 by casting. Each of the rear piece 4B of the outer cylinder 4 and the rear piece 3B of the inner cylinder 3 is manufactured by sheet metal processing, for example.
　また、本実施形態では、扁平ストラット６が管状ストラット５よりも前方に突出している。換言すれば、扁平ストラット６は、排気ディフューザ２の軸方向において、管状ストラット５と部分的に重なり合っている。 Further, in this embodiment, the flat strut 6 protrudes forward from the tubular strut 5. In other words, the flat strut 6 partially overlaps the tubular strut 5 in the axial direction of the exhaust diffuser 2.
　より詳しくは、図４に示すように、各管状ストラット５の断面形状は後方に向かって尖る水滴状であり、最大幅部分５５から前方が半円状、最大幅部分５５から後方が略Ｖ字状である。ここで、「幅」とは、排気ディフューザ２の周方向における管状ストラット５の厚さをいう。外筒４の前方ピース４Ａおよび内筒３の前方ピース３Ａには、管状ストラット５の内部空間と同形状の開口４５，３５（図２，３参照）がそれぞれ設けられている。 More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the cross-sectional shape of each tubular strut 5 is a waterdrop shape that sharpens toward the rear, and the front from the maximum width portion 55 is semicircular, and the rear from the maximum width portion 55 is substantially V-shaped. Is. Here, “width” refers to the thickness of the tubular strut 5 in the circumferential direction of the exhaust diffuser 2. The front piece 4A of the outer cylinder 4 and the front piece 3A of the inner cylinder 3 are respectively provided with openings 45 and 35 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) having the same shape as the internal space of the tubular strut 5.
　扁平ストラット６の前縁６１は、管状ストラット５の前縁５１よりも距離Ａだけ前方に位置している。また、扁平ストラット６の後縁６２は、管状ストラット５の後縁５２よりも距離Ｂだけ前方に位置している。ただし、扁平ストラット６の後縁６２は、管状ストラット５の最大幅部分５５よりも後方に位置している。ここで、「前縁」および「後縁」とは、管状ストラット５および扁平ストラット６のそれぞれにおける断面形状が一定の部分の直線状の縁をいう。 The front edge 61 of the flat strut 6 is located in front of the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5 by a distance A. Further, the rear edge 62 of the flat strut 6 is positioned forward by a distance B from the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5. However, the rear edge 62 of the flat strut 6 is located behind the maximum width portion 55 of the tubular strut 5. Here, the “front edge” and the “rear edge” refer to straight edges of portions having a constant cross-sectional shape in each of the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6.
　図２に戻って、外筒４は、前方から順に、前側円錐部４１、外側フレア部４２、外側ストレート部４３および後側円錐部４４を有している。これの部位４１～４４は連続した内向き壁面を構成している。つまり、前側円錐部４１の前端が外筒４の前端であり、後側円錐部４４の後端が外筒４の後端であるとともに、隣り合う部位の後端と前端とが互いに接続されている。前側円錐部４１、外側フレア部４２および外側ストレート部４３は前方ピース４Ａの構成要素であり、後側円錐部４４は後方ピース４Ｂの構成要素である。 2, the outer cylinder 4 has a front conical portion 41, an outer flare portion 42, an outer straight portion 43, and a rear conical portion 44 in order from the front. These portions 41 to 44 constitute a continuous inward wall surface. That is, the front end of the front cone portion 41 is the front end of the outer cylinder 4, the rear end of the rear cone portion 44 is the rear end of the outer cylinder 4, and the rear end and the front end of adjacent portions are connected to each other. Yes. The front cone part 41, the outer flare part 42, and the outer straight part 43 are components of the front piece 4A, and the rear cone part 44 is a component of the rear piece 4B.
　前側円錐部４１は、管状ストラット５および扁平ストラット６よりも前方に位置している。前側円錐部４１は、比較的に緩やかな傾斜角度で後方に向かって拡径している。 The front cone part 41 is located in front of the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6. The front cone portion 41 has a diameter that increases toward the rear at a relatively gentle inclination angle.
　外側フレア部４２は、前側円錐部４１よりも大きな傾斜角度で、管状ストラット５および扁平ストラット６よりも前方から広がり始めている。本実施形態では、外側フレア部４２の後端が管状ストラット５の前縁５１よりも後方に位置している。ただし、外側フレア部４２の後端は、管状ストラット５の前縁５１と同じ位置に位置していてもよいし、管状ストラット５の前縁５１よりも前方に位置していてもよい。 The outer flare portion 42 starts to spread from the front side with respect to the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6 at a larger inclination angle than the front cone portion 41. In the present embodiment, the rear end of the outer flare portion 42 is located behind the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5. However, the rear end of the outer flare portion 42 may be located at the same position as the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5, or may be located forward of the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5.
　例えば、外側フレア部４２は、管状ストラット５の前縁５１の近傍での管状ストラット５に起因する排気流路２１の断面積の減少（場合によっては、扁平ストラット６の前縁６１の近傍での扁平ストラット６に起因する排気流路２１の断面積の減少も）を打ち消す（必ずしもゼロにする必要はない）ように外筒４を拡径する。 For example, the outer flare portion 42 is formed by reducing the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 due to the tubular strut 5 in the vicinity of the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5 (in some cases, in the vicinity of the front edge 61 of the flat strut 6. The diameter of the outer cylinder 4 is increased so as to cancel (and not necessarily to zero) the reduction in the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 caused by the flat strut 6.
　外側ストレート部４３は、外側フレア部４２の後端から管状ストラット５の最大幅部分５５を超えて後方に延びている。本実施形態では、外側ストレート部４３の後端が管状ストラット５の後縁５２よりも後方に位置している。ただし、外側ストレート部４３の後端は、管状ストラット５の後縁５２と同じ位置に位置していてもよいし、管状ストラット５の後縁５２よりも前方に位置していてもよい。 The outer straight portion 43 extends rearward from the rear end of the outer flare portion 42 beyond the maximum width portion 55 of the tubular strut 5. In the present embodiment, the rear end of the outer straight portion 43 is located behind the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5. However, the rear end of the outer straight portion 43 may be located at the same position as the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5 or may be located forward of the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5.
　後側円錐部４４は、外側ストレート部４３の後端から後方に向かって拡径している。後側円錐部４４の傾斜角度は、前側円錐部４１の傾斜角度と同じであってもよいし異なっていてもよい。 The rear conical part 44 is enlarged in diameter from the rear end of the outer straight part 43 toward the rear. The inclination angle of the rear cone portion 44 may be the same as or different from the inclination angle of the front cone portion 41.
　一方、内筒３は、前方から順に、前側ストレート部３１、内側フレア部３２および後側ストレート部３３を有している。これの部位３１～３３は連続した外向き壁面を構成している。つまり、前側ストレート部３１の前端が内筒３の前端であり、後側ストレート部３３の後端が内筒３の後端であるとともに、隣り合う部位の後端と前端とが互いに接続されている。前側ストレート部３１および内側フレア部３２は前方ピース３Ａの構成要素であり、後側ストレート部３３は後方ピース３Ｂの構成要素である。 On the other hand, the inner cylinder 3 has a front straight part 31, an inner flare part 32, and a rear straight part 33 in order from the front. These portions 31 to 33 constitute a continuous outward wall surface. That is, the front end of the front straight portion 31 is the front end of the inner cylinder 3, the rear end of the rear straight portion 33 is the rear end of the inner cylinder 3, and the rear end and the front end of adjacent portions are connected to each other. Yes. The front straight portion 31 and the inner flare portion 32 are components of the front piece 3A, and the rear straight portion 33 is a component of the rear piece 3B.
　前側ストレート部３１は、内筒３の前端から、管状ストラット５の最大幅部分５５を超えて後方に延びている。このため、前側ストレート部３１は、外筒４の前側円錐部４１および外側フレア部４２の全体と対向しているとともに、外側ストレート部４３の一部とも対向している。 The front straight portion 31 extends rearward from the front end of the inner cylinder 3 beyond the maximum width portion 55 of the tubular strut 5. For this reason, the front straight portion 31 faces the entire front conical portion 41 and the outer flare portion 42 of the outer cylinder 4 and also faces a part of the outer straight portion 43.
　内側フレア部３２は、管状ストラット５の最大幅部分５５と後縁５２の間から広がり始めている。内側フレア部３２の後端は、管状ストラット５の後縁５２よりも後方に位置している。 The inner flare portion 32 starts to spread between the maximum width portion 55 and the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5. The rear end of the inner flare portion 32 is located behind the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5.
　例えば、内側フレア部３２は、管状ストラット５の後縁５２の近傍での管状ストラット５に起因する排気流路２１の断面積の増加（場合によっては、扁平ストラット６の後縁６２の近傍での扁平ストラット６に起因する排気流路２１の断面積の増加も）を打ち消す（必ずしもゼロにする必要はない）ように内筒３を拡径する。 For example, the inner flare portion 32 increases the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 due to the tubular strut 5 in the vicinity of the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5 (in some cases, in the vicinity of the rear edge 62 of the flat strut 6. The diameter of the inner cylinder 3 is increased so as to cancel out (and increase in the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 caused by the flat strut 6) (not necessarily zero).
　後側ストレート部３３は、内側フレア部３２の後端から後方に延びており、外筒４の後側円錐部４４と対向している。 The rear straight portion 33 extends rearward from the rear end of the inner flare portion 32 and faces the rear conical portion 44 of the outer cylinder 4.
　以上説明したように、本実施形態の排気ディフューザ２では、管状ストラット５の前方で外側フレア部４２により排気流路２１が拡大されるため、排気流路２１を流れる排気は十分に減速された後に管状ストラット５間に流入する。従って、管状ストラット５の前縁５１近傍での圧力損失を小さくすることができる。一方、内側フレア部３２がない場合には、管状ストラット５の最大幅部分５５よりも後方では、管状ストラット５の占有面積の減少により、排気流路２１の断面積が急激に増加する。これに対し、内側フレア部３２があれば、内側フレア部３２によってそのような排気流路２１の断面積の急激な増加を緩和することができる。これにより、管状ストラット５の後縁５２近傍でも圧力損失を小さくすることができる。 As described above, in the exhaust diffuser 2 of the present embodiment, the exhaust passage 21 is enlarged by the outer flare portion 42 in front of the tubular strut 5, so that the exhaust flowing through the exhaust passage 21 is sufficiently decelerated. It flows between the tubular struts 5. Therefore, the pressure loss in the vicinity of the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5 can be reduced. On the other hand, in the absence of the inner flare portion 32, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 increases rapidly due to the decrease in the area occupied by the tubular strut 5 behind the maximum width portion 55 of the tubular strut 5. On the other hand, if there is the inner flare part 32, the rapid increase in the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 can be mitigated by the inner flare part 32. Thereby, the pressure loss can be reduced even in the vicinity of the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5.
　さらに、本実施形態では、扁平ストラット６の前縁６１が管状ストラット５の前縁５１よりも前方に位置しているので、排気流路２１の断面積が、扁平ストラット６によって小さく減少された後に管状ストラット５によって大きく減少される。このため、排気流路２１の断面積を緩やかに変化させることができる。これにより、管状ストラット５の前縁５１と扁平ストラット６の前縁６１が一致している場合に比べ、圧力損失を小さくすることができる。 Furthermore, in the present embodiment, since the front edge 61 of the flat strut 6 is positioned in front of the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 is reduced slightly by the flat strut 6. It is greatly reduced by the tubular strut 5. For this reason, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 can be changed gently. Thereby, compared with the case where the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5 and the front edge 61 of the flat strut 6 correspond, pressure loss can be made small.
　また、扁平ストラット６の後縁６２は管状ストラット５の後縁５２よりも前方に位置しているので、排気流路２１を流れる排気が扁平ストラット６の後縁６２近傍で合流した後に管状ストラット５の後縁５２近傍で合流する。これにより、流れを安定化させることができる。 Further, since the trailing edge 62 of the flat strut 6 is located in front of the trailing edge 52 of the tubular strut 5, the tubular strut 5 is connected after the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 21 merges in the vicinity of the trailing edge 62 of the flat strut 6. Merges in the vicinity of the trailing edge 52. Thereby, a flow can be stabilized.
　さらに、本実施形態では、外筒４に排気流路２１から径方向外向きに窪む凹部が形成されず、かつ、内筒３に排気流路から径方向内向きに窪む凹部が形成されない。このため、外筒４の前方ピース４Ａおよび内筒３の前方ピース３Ａを管状ストラット５および扁平ストラット６と共に鋳造により製造する際に、鋳型（例えば、木型）の分割数を少なくすることができる。 Further, in the present embodiment, the outer cylinder 4 is not formed with a recess that is recessed radially outward from the exhaust flow path 21, and the inner cylinder 3 is not formed with a recess that is recessed radially inward from the exhaust flow path. . For this reason, when manufacturing the front piece 4A of the outer cylinder 4 and the front piece 3A of the inner cylinder 3 together with the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6 by casting, the number of divisions of the mold (for example, a wooden mold) can be reduced. .
　（変形例）
　本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変形が可能である。 (Modification)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
　例えば、排気ディフューザ２は、必ずしもガスタービンエンジン１に組み込まれる必要はなく、例えば蒸気タービンの下流に配置されてもよい。 For example, the exhaust diffuser 2 is not necessarily incorporated into the gas turbine engine 1, and may be disposed downstream of the steam turbine, for example.
　また、排気ディフューザ２の軸方向において、扁平ストラット６は必ずしも管状ストラット５と部分的に重なり合う必要はなく、扁平ストラット６は管状ストラット５と全体的に重なり合ってもよい。 In the axial direction of the exhaust diffuser 2, the flat strut 6 does not necessarily overlap with the tubular strut 5, and the flat strut 6 may overlap with the tubular strut 5 as a whole.
　さらに、扁平ストラット６は必ずしも必要ではなく、複数の管状ストラット５のみが設けられてもよい。ただし、前記実施形態のように、少なくとも１つの管状ストラット５と少なくとも１つの扁平ストラット６が設けられていれば、配管などが無い箇所では細いストラットを採用することができ、排気流路２１の断面積を大きく確保することができる。これにより、全てのストラットを管状ストラット５としたときと比べて、圧力損失を小さくすることができる。 Furthermore, the flat strut 6 is not necessarily required, and only a plurality of tubular struts 5 may be provided. However, if at least one tubular strut 5 and at least one flat strut 6 are provided as in the above-described embodiment, a thin strut can be adopted in a place where there is no piping or the like, and the exhaust passage 21 is disconnected. A large area can be secured. Thereby, compared with the case where all the struts are made into the tubular strut 5, pressure loss can be made small.
　また、外側フレア部４２の前端は、扁平ストラット６の前縁６１よりも後方に位置していてもよい。ただし、前記実施形態のように、外側フレア部４２の前端が扁平ストラット６の前縁６１よりも前方に位置していれば、扁平ストラット６間に流入する排気の速度を低減させることができる。 Further, the front end of the outer flare portion 42 may be located behind the front edge 61 of the flat strut 6. However, if the front end of the outer flare part 42 is located in front of the front edge 61 of the flat strut 6 as in the above embodiment, the speed of the exhaust gas flowing between the flat struts 6 can be reduced.
　また、扁平ストラット６の後縁６２は、必ずしも管状ストラット５の後縁５２よりも前方に位置している必要はなく、管状ストラット５の後縁５２と同じ位置または管状ストラット５の後縁５２よりも後方に位置していてもよい。 Further, the rear edge 62 of the flat strut 6 does not necessarily have to be positioned forward of the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5, and is the same position as the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5 or the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5. May be located rearward.
　また、図示は省略するが、外筒４の外側ストレート部４３の代わりに、後側円錐部４４と同じ傾斜角度の中間円錐部が設けられてもよい。さらに、内筒３の後側ストレート部３３に代えて、内側フレア部３２の後端から縮径する円錐部が採用されるとともに、外筒４の後側円錐部４４に代えて、ストレート部が採用されてもよい。 Although not shown, an intermediate cone portion having the same inclination angle as that of the rear cone portion 44 may be provided instead of the outer straight portion 43 of the outer cylinder 4. Furthermore, instead of the rear straight portion 33 of the inner cylinder 3, a conical portion whose diameter is reduced from the rear end of the inner flare portion 32 is adopted, and instead of the rear conical portion 44 of the outer cylinder 4, the straight portion is It may be adopted.
　また、外筒４の前方ピース４Ａおよび内筒３の前方ピース３Ａのそれぞれは、板金加工により製造されてもよい。さらに、外筒４および内筒３のそれぞれは、単一の部材であってもよい。 Further, each of the front piece 4A of the outer cylinder 4 and the front piece 3A of the inner cylinder 3 may be manufactured by sheet metal processing. Furthermore, each of the outer cylinder 4 and the inner cylinder 3 may be a single member.
　ところで、前記実施形態の管状ストラット５と扁平ストラット６との位置関係に着目すれば、外筒４が外側フレア部４２を有さず、かつ、内筒３が内側フレア部３２を有さなくてもよい。すなわち、前記実施形態では、扁平ストラット６の前縁６１が管状ストラット５の前縁５１よりも前方に位置しているので、排気流路２１の断面積が、扁平ストラット６によって小さく減少された後に管状ストラット５によって大きく減少される。このため、排気流路２１の断面積を緩やかに変化させることができる。これにより、管状ストラット５の前縁５１と扁平ストラット６の前縁６１が一致している場合に比べ、圧力損失を小さくすることができる。このように前記実施形態の管状ストラット５と扁平ストラット６との位置関係に着目した場合には、内筒３および外筒４は、それらの間に形成される排気流路２１が前方から後方に向かって広がる限りどのような形状であってもよい。 By the way, paying attention to the positional relationship between the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6 of the above embodiment, the outer cylinder 4 does not have the outer flare part 42 and the inner cylinder 3 does not have the inner flare part 32. Also good. That is, in the above-described embodiment, since the front edge 61 of the flat strut 6 is positioned in front of the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 is reduced by the flat strut 6 to a small extent. It is greatly reduced by the tubular strut 5. For this reason, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 21 can be changed gently. Thereby, compared with the case where the front edge 51 of the tubular strut 5 and the front edge 61 of the flat strut 6 correspond, pressure loss can be made small. Thus, when paying attention to the positional relationship between the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6 of the embodiment, the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4 have the exhaust passage 21 formed between them from the front to the rear. Any shape may be used as long as it spreads out.
　また、前記実施形態の管状ストラット５と扁平ストラット６との位置関係に着目した場合でも、扁平ストラット６の後縁６２は、必ずしも管状ストラット５の後縁５２よりも前方に位置している必要はなく、管状ストラット５の後縁５２と同じ位置または管状ストラット５の後縁５２よりも後方に位置していてもよい。さらに、外筒４および内筒３のそれぞれは、全体が板金加工で製造されてもよいし、単一の部材であってもよい。 Even when attention is paid to the positional relationship between the tubular strut 5 and the flat strut 6 in the embodiment, the rear edge 62 of the flat strut 6 does not necessarily have to be located in front of the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5. Instead, it may be located at the same position as the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5 or behind the rear edge 52 of the tubular strut 5. Further, each of the outer cylinder 4 and the inner cylinder 3 may be manufactured by sheet metal processing as a whole or may be a single member.
　２　　排気ディフューザ
　２１　排気流路
　３　　内筒
　３１　前側ストレート部
　３２　内側フレア部
　３３　後側ストレート部
　４　　外筒
　４１　前側円錐部
　４２　外側フレア部
　４３　外側ストレート部
　４４　後側円錐部
　５　　管状ストラット
　５１　前縁
　５２　後縁
　５５　最大幅部分
　６　　扁平ストラット
　６１　前縁
　６２　後縁 2 Exhaust diffuser 21 Exhaust flow path 3 Inner cylinder 31 Front straight part 32 Inner flare part 33 Rear straight part 4 Outer cylinder 41 Front conical part 42 Outer flare part 43 Outer straight part 44 Rear conical part 5 Tubular strut 51 Front edge 52 Trailing edge 55 Maximum width 6 Flat strut 61 Leading edge 62 Trailing edge

Claims (9)

  1. 　内筒と、
    　前記内筒との間に、前方から後方に向かって広がる排気流路を形成する外筒と、
    　前記内筒と前記外筒とを連結する少なくとも１つの管状ストラットと、を備え、
    　前記外筒は、前記管状ストラットよりも前方に前側円錐部を有するとともに、前記前側円錐部よりも大きな傾斜角度で前記管状ストラットよりも前方から広がり始める外側フレア部を有しており、
    　前記内筒は、前記前側円錐部および前記外側フレア部と対向する前側ストレート部を有するとともに、前記管状ストラットの最大幅部分と後縁の間から広がり始める内側フレア部を有している、排気ディフューザ。     An inner cylinder,
    An outer cylinder that forms an exhaust passage extending from the front to the rear between the inner cylinder and the inner cylinder;
    And at least one tubular strut connecting the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder,
    The outer cylinder has a front conical portion in front of the tubular strut, and an outer flare portion that starts to spread from the front with respect to the tubular strut at a larger inclination angle than the front conical portion,
    The inner cylinder has a front straight portion facing the front conical portion and the outer flare portion, and has an inner flare portion that starts to spread from between the maximum width portion and the rear edge of the tubular strut. .
  2. 　前記外筒の一部および前記内筒の一部は、鋳造により前記管状ストラットと一体的に形成されている、請求項１に記載の排気ディフューザ。 The exhaust diffuser according to claim 1, wherein a part of the outer cylinder and a part of the inner cylinder are integrally formed with the tubular strut by casting.
  3. 　前記外筒は、前記外側フレア部の後端から前記管状ストラットの最大幅部分を超えて後方に延びる外側ストレート部と、前記外側ストレート部の後端から拡径する後側円錐部を有し、
    　前記内筒は、前記内側フレア部の後端から後方に延びる後側ストレート部を有する、請求項１または２に記載の排気ディフューザ。     The outer cylinder has an outer straight portion extending rearward from the rear end of the outer flare portion beyond the maximum width portion of the tubular strut, and a rear conical portion expanding in diameter from the rear end of the outer straight portion,
    The exhaust diffuser according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner cylinder has a rear straight portion extending rearward from a rear end of the inner flare portion.
  4. 　前記内筒と前記外筒とを連結する、当該排気ディフューザの軸方向において前記管状ストラットと重なり合う少なくとも１つの扁平ストラットをさらに備える、請求項１～３のいずれか一項に記載の排気ディフューザ。 The exhaust diffuser according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising at least one flat strut that connects the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder and overlaps the tubular strut in the axial direction of the exhaust diffuser.
  5. 　前記扁平ストラットの前縁は、前記管状ストラットの前縁よりも前方に位置しており、
    　前記扁平ストラットの後縁は、前記管状ストラットの最大幅部分よりも後方に位置している、請求項４に記載の排気ディフューザ。     The front edge of the flat strut is located in front of the front edge of the tubular strut;
    The exhaust diffuser according to claim 4, wherein a rear edge of the flat strut is located behind a maximum width portion of the tubular strut.
  6. 　前記扁平ストラットの後縁は、前記管状ストラットの後縁よりも前方に位置している、請求項５に記載の排気ディフューザ。 The exhaust diffuser according to claim 5, wherein a rear edge of the flat strut is located in front of a rear edge of the tubular strut.
  7. 　内筒と、
    　前記内筒との間に、前方から後方に向かって広がる排気流路を形成する外筒と、
    　前記内筒と前記外筒とを連結する少なくとも１つの管状ストラットと、
    　前記内筒と前記外筒とを連結する、当該排気ディフューザの軸方向において前記管状ストラットと重なり合う少なくとも１つの扁平ストラットと、を備え、
    　前記扁平ストラットの前縁は、前記管状ストラットの前縁よりも前方に位置しており、
    　前記扁平ストラットの後縁は、前記管状ストラットの最大幅部分よりも後方に位置している、排気ディフューザ。     An inner cylinder,
    An outer cylinder that forms an exhaust passage extending from the front to the rear between the inner cylinder and the inner cylinder;
    At least one tubular strut connecting the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder;
    Connecting the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and including at least one flat strut overlapping the tubular strut in the axial direction of the exhaust diffuser,
    The front edge of the flat strut is located in front of the front edge of the tubular strut;
    The exhaust diffuser, wherein a rear edge of the flat strut is located behind a maximum width portion of the tubular strut.
  8. 　前記扁平ストラットの後縁は、前記管状ストラットの後縁よりも前方に位置している、請求項７に記載の排気ディフューザ。 The exhaust diffuser according to claim 7, wherein a rear edge of the flat strut is located in front of a rear edge of the tubular strut.
  9. 　前記外筒の一部および前記内筒の一部は、鋳造により前記管状ストラットと一体的に形成されている、請求項７または８に記載の排気ディフューザ。 The exhaust diffuser according to claim 7 or 8, wherein a part of the outer cylinder and a part of the inner cylinder are integrally formed with the tubular strut by casting.
PCT/JP2016/003958 2015-08-31 2016-08-30 Exhaust diffuser WO2017038086A1 (en)

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GB1803441.3A GB2556798B (en) 2015-08-31 2016-08-30 Exhaust Diffuser
US15/755,915 US10851676B2 (en) 2015-08-31 2016-08-30 Exhaust diffuser
DE112016003468.7T DE112016003468B4 (en) 2015-08-31 2016-08-30 EXHAUST DIFFUSER
CN201680044263.XA CN107923261B (en) 2015-08-31 2016-08-30 Exhaust gas diffuser

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JP2015170156A JP6546481B2 (en) 2015-08-31 2015-08-31 Exhaust diffuser
JP2015-170156 2015-08-31

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DE112016003468T5 (en) 2018-04-19
DE112016003468B4 (en) 2024-10-10
JP2017048683A (en) 2017-03-09
US10851676B2 (en) 2020-12-01
US20180328230A1 (en) 2018-11-15
CN107923261A (en) 2018-04-17
CN107923261B (en) 2020-12-04
GB2556798A (en) 2018-06-06

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