WO2017037311A1 - Non-manned vehicle for extinguishing fires - Google Patents

Non-manned vehicle for extinguishing fires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017037311A1
WO2017037311A1 PCT/ES2016/070195 ES2016070195W WO2017037311A1 WO 2017037311 A1 WO2017037311 A1 WO 2017037311A1 ES 2016070195 W ES2016070195 W ES 2016070195W WO 2017037311 A1 WO2017037311 A1 WO 2017037311A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
unmanned vehicle
rotors
firefighting
holes
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2016/070195
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pablo FLORES PEÑA
Original Assignee
Drone Hopper, S.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Drone Hopper, S.L. filed Critical Drone Hopper, S.L.
Publication of WO2017037311A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017037311A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U30/00—Means for producing lift; Empennages; Arrangements thereof
    • B64U30/20—Rotors; Rotor supports
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0228—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires with delivery of fire extinguishing material by air or aircraft
    • A62C3/0242—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires with delivery of fire extinguishing material by air or aircraft by spraying extinguishants from the aircraft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D1/00—Dropping, ejecting, releasing, or receiving articles, liquids, or the like, in flight
    • B64D1/16—Dropping or releasing powdered, liquid, or gaseous matter, e.g. for fire-fighting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U10/00—Type of UAV
    • B64U10/10—Rotorcrafts
    • B64U10/13—Flying platforms
    • B64U10/14—Flying platforms with four distinct rotor axes, e.g. quadcopters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U50/00—Propulsion; Power supply
    • B64U50/10—Propulsion
    • B64U50/13—Propulsion using external fans or propellers
    • B64U50/14—Propulsion using external fans or propellers ducted or shrouded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U50/00—Propulsion; Power supply
    • B64U50/10—Propulsion
    • B64U50/19—Propulsion using electrically powered motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
    • B64U2101/30—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for imaging, photography or videography

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an unmanned vehicle for fire extinguishing, based on a multi-rotor system with a series of elements and components that can lead to a directed discharge of a water jet at high speed and low elevation, so that the The vehicle is self-guided based on sensors and other means such as specific software, allowing for its size and maneuverability to have great precision in addition to high efficiency in the use of the extinguishing agent, thanks to the characteristics of the water mist.
  • aerial and terrestrial means are used, so that the aerial means have several limitations, one of them being the problem of precision when it comes to discharging water, as it cannot get too close to the front of fire.
  • unmanned vehicles for firefighting such as the CN103661945A patent, consisting of a kind of drone with a multi-rotor platform with a liquid spray nozzle and whose driving means are fed from the ground , through wiring, which greatly limits the margin of maneuverability of the device.
  • the CN patent 104743105A is known, which describes an unmanned aerial vehicle of the multi-rotor type with a hydraulic system associated with a sprinkler network that although they are arranged under each of the propellers, with said system it is not possible optimizes the water outlet through the vehicle, so it is discharged too quickly, also limiting its operating range.
  • the unmanned vehicle for firefighting that has been recommended has been designed to solve the problems described above based on a simple but highly effective solution.
  • the unmanned fire extinguishing vehicle of the invention is intended to be thrown at a certain height above the fire, from a medium transport aircraft, so that after launching the extinguishing vehicle is self-guided and by one part detects the sources of heat by means of a thermal camera that includes the vehicle itself, and is also able to go to those sources of heat by means of a specific guidance software, activating at a certain height a magnetic actuator device that discovers holes in the base of the vehicle, which let the water fall on the air jet expelled by the rotors established inside the vehicle, causing the fogging and better use of the content of extinguishing material, preferably water.
  • the vehicle in question is constituted from a housing that It comprises two parts, one upper and one lower, establishing between them an essentially cylindrical, discoidal body, with a plurality of motors associated with respective rotors, preferably in the number of 12 arranged in a double hexacopter configuration, all in such a way that on the upper and lower bases of the general housing or cylindrical body that establish the two parts, there are respective holes, specifically a number of holes equal to the pairs of rotors and motors, to allow the passage of air.
  • two sealed domes are arranged to house the electronics necessary for the operation of the vehicle, all the electronics being mounted on a base plate in which a thermal camera, a height sensor, is included, a GPS, an antenna, the corresponding navigation and control board with a camera and height signal reception system, and pins connected to the corresponding actuators.
  • a series of spray nozzles can be included that create a protective atmosphere around the vehicle when it approaches the discharge zone.
  • the device with a parachute, either ballistic or paragliding, that would open explosively upon reaching a certain height, so as to reduce the speed of fall and help increase the autonomy of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle or vehicles are launched at a certain height above the fire, from a mother aircraft, preferably a medium transport aircraft, so that once in the air, the vehicle or extinguishing vehicles detect the sources of heat by means of the thermal camera, being able to go towards said foci by means of the commented guidance software, activating the actuator device at a certain height magnetic so that it releases the holes in the base of the vehicle's casing, dropping the water on the jet of air that the rotors expel, thereby achieving water fogging so that the use of it is maximum.
  • the motors with their corresponding rotors are mounted on respective radial emerging arms of a central core, on which a housing for the corresponding thermal chamber is provided in its lower part.
  • the water container or extinguishing product container may be assisted by one or more non-return valves, associated with the walls of the rotor housings, in order to increase the pressure inside said tank as a result of the pressure generated by said rotors, in order to provide a water discharge with greater pressure, which increases the effectiveness of the device, in addition to achieving a thrust per reaction at the water outlet that improves the autonomy of the device.
  • one or more non-return valves associated with the walls of the rotor housings, in order to increase the pressure inside said tank as a result of the pressure generated by said rotors, in order to provide a water discharge with greater pressure, which increases the effectiveness of the device, in addition to achieving a thrust per reaction at the water outlet that improves the autonomy of the device.
  • exit orifices with their locking / unlocking mechanism, do not have to be arranged only in proximity to the nozzles of the rotors, but these, and thanks to the system just described, can be arranged on the bottom of the tank, properly distributed, as well as on the side walls of the housing, obviously in correspondence with its lower zone, in order to increase the radius of action on the discharge of the water or product in question.
  • Figure 1 shows a representation corresponding to a top perspective view of an unmanned vehicle for fire extinguishing carried out in accordance with the object of the present invention.
  • Figure 2. Shows a detail of a part of the vehicle itself, in which the arrangement of the motors and rotors is shown.
  • Figure 3. Shows a perspective view of the inner housings that define diffusers with nozzles for the direction and exit of the extinguishing water.
  • Figure 4.- Shows a bottom perspective view of the corresponding housing, with the holes for the air and water outlet.
  • Figure 5. Shows a perspective view of the inner part of the central core of the vehicle, showing the different electronic circuits, the base plate of the same, and the detail of the radial emergence of the arms carrying the engines and rotors, not shown in this figure.
  • Figure 6. Shows a bottom perspective view of the vehicle, without the lower part or housing, showing its internal structure.
  • Figure 7. It shows a representation like that of the previous figure, without the housing for the thermal chamber, but looking at it in its mounting position.
  • Figure 8. Shows a general perspective view of the vehicle whose housing is formed by two parts, one upper and one lower, forming a cylindrical cylindrical body, in which upper part clamps are provided for handling and transportation, as well such as airflow holes and a plug for filling with the extinguishing product, preferably water.
  • the unmanned vehicle for firefighting is constituted by a cylindrical configuration body formed by two upper (1) and lower (V) parts or housings, the upper housing (1) having clamps (2) to facilitate transport and handling, as well as a plug (3) that communicates with the inner extinguishing product tank, to allow filling through said cap (3), also including the appropriate holes (5) at the base of the housing or upper part (1) and (10) in the housing or lower base (1 '), for the air flow in correspondence with rotors (4) associated to respective motors (6) assembled together and by pairs in radial arms (7), emerging from a central core (13), existing in the chosen example, twelve motors (6) and as many rotors (4), and consequently six holes (5) at the base of the part upper housing and six other lower holes (10) at the base of the lower housing (1 ').
  • the holes (5-10) allow the passage of the air generated by the rotors (4), flow assisted by diffusers (8) upstream of the respective rotor and nozzles (9) downstream, so that minimizes the size of the hole necessary for a given air flow while increasing the thrust obtained when working the rotor in conditions of higher pressure.
  • the diffusers (8) arranged internally, together with the cylindrical body or general housing (1-1 ') constitute a reservoir for transporting a certain amount of water or extinguishing product, assuming additional protection for the electronic equipment and components of the vehicle that are inside, conveniently isolated from the water, providing for a pair of watertight domes facing the inside to house the corresponding electronics, which includes a base plate (12) corresponding to the central core itself (13), in which the electronic components will correspond to a thermal chamber (14) as shown in Figure 7, protected by a sealed glass compartment or housing (15) shown in figure 6, so that in addition to that thermal camera, height sensors, GPS, antenna, lifting and control plates, etc. are included.
  • Small holes (1 1) are provided around the air passage holes (5-10), which are clearly seen in Figure 4, which guarantee a controlled discharge of the extinguishing product on the air flow that the rotors expel (4), so that these holes (1 1) are exposed by the performance of a magnetic element (16).
  • the unmanned and described vehicle can be used as a system for extinguishing forest fires, launching at a certain height from a nurse aircraft, for example an airplane, going by self-guidance, in paratrooper mode, and thanks to the action of the rotors (4), to the heat source itself and at a certain height, by means of the thermal chamber and distance sensors included in the system, so that, after its launch above the fire, and the performance of the different electronic components, the discharge of water mist occurs through the magnetic actuator (16), so that after downloading all the content the vehicle is redirected autonomously to the required coordinates, landing and waiting to be collected.
  • the vehicle can be operated in pilot mode from the ground, being able to take off and land from a position close to the fire.

Abstract

The vehicle is based on a guided discharge of sprayed water at high speed and from a low height, said vehicle having been launched from a supply aircraft so that, by means of a thermal chamber, height sensors, GPS and other electronic systems, it can autonomously head towards the hot spots in order to discharge the water over the fire, assisting with the extinction thereof without putting human lives at risk. The vehicle can be subsequently collected for the reuse thereof.

Description

VEHÍCULO NO TRIPULADO PARA EXTINCIÓN DE INCENCIOS  VEHICLE NOT CREWED FOR EXTINCTION OF INCENCIES
DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se refiere a un vehículo no tripulado para extinción de incendios, basado en un sistema multirrotor con una serie de elementos y componentes que pueden propiciar una descarga dirigida de un chorro de agua nebulizada a gran velocidad y baja cota, de manera que el vehículo es auto-guiado en base a unos sensores y otros medios tales como un software específico, permitiendo que por su tamaño y maniobrabilidad tengan una gran precisión además de una alta eficiencia en el uso del agente extintor, gracias a las características del agua nebulizada. The present invention relates to an unmanned vehicle for fire extinguishing, based on a multi-rotor system with a series of elements and components that can lead to a directed discharge of a water jet at high speed and low elevation, so that the The vehicle is self-guided based on sensors and other means such as specific software, allowing for its size and maneuverability to have great precision in addition to high efficiency in the use of the extinguishing agent, thanks to the characteristics of the water mist.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Actualmente, para extinguir un incendio forestal se utilizan medios aéreos y terrestres, de manera que los medios aéreos tienen varias limitaciones, consistiendo una de ellas en el problema de la precisión a la hora de descargar el agua, al no poder acercarse demasiado al frente de fuego. At present, to extinguish a forest fire, aerial and terrestrial means are used, so that the aerial means have several limitations, one of them being the problem of precision when it comes to discharging water, as it cannot get too close to the front of fire.
Esta desventaja es aplicable tanto para vehículos de ala fija (aviones), que no pueden parar, como para vehículos de ala giratoria (helicópteros), que producen una fuerte turbulencia si se operan en punto fijo a baja altura. This disadvantage is applicable both for fixed-wing vehicles (airplanes), which cannot stop, and for rotating-wing vehicles (helicopters), which produce a strong turbulence if they operate at a fixed point at low altitude.
Otra desventaja de este tipo de medios de extinción de incendios es que no pueden operar de noche ni tampoco en condiciones meteorológicas adversas por ser demasiado arriesgado para las personas que los pilotan. Another disadvantage of this type of fire extinguishing means is that they cannot operate at night or in adverse weather conditions because it is too risky for the people who pilot them.
En cualquier caso se trata de dispositivos caros de producir, mantener y operar. In any case, these are expensive devices to produce, maintain and operate.
En cuanto a los medios terrestres utilizados en la extinción de incendios, tienen limitaciones de acceso a lugares agrestes además de necesitar un tiempo de respuesta que es mayor que el de los medios aéreos. As for the terrestrial means used in firefighting, they have limitations of access to harsh places in addition to needing a response time that is longer than that of the air means.
Tratando de solventar esta problemática, son conocidos vehículos no tripulados para la extinción de incendios, como puede ser la patente CN103661945A, consistente en una especie de dron con una plataforma multirrotor con una boca de aspersión de líquidos y cuyos medios motrices se alimentan desde el suelo, a través de un cableado, lo que limita ampliamente el margen de maniobrabilidad del dispositivo. Trying to solve this problem, unmanned vehicles for firefighting are known, such as the CN103661945A patent, consisting of a kind of drone with a multi-rotor platform with a liquid spray nozzle and whose driving means are fed from the ground , through wiring, which greatly limits the margin of maneuverability of the device.
Igualmente, es conocida la patente CN 104743105A, en la que se describe un vehículo aéreo no tripulado de tipo multirrotor con un sistema hidráulico asociado a una red de aspersores que si bien se disponen debajo de cada una de las hélices, con dicho sistema no se optimiza la salida de agua a través del vehículo, por lo que el mismo se descarga con excesiva rapidez, limitando igualmente su margen operativo. Likewise, the CN patent 104743105A is known, which describes an unmanned aerial vehicle of the multi-rotor type with a hydraulic system associated with a sprinkler network that although they are arranged under each of the propellers, with said system it is not possible optimizes the water outlet through the vehicle, so it is discharged too quickly, also limiting its operating range.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El vehículo no tripulado para extinción de incendios que se preconiza ha sido concebido para resolver la problemática anteriormente expuesta en base a una solución sencilla pero de gran eficacia. The unmanned vehicle for firefighting that has been recommended has been designed to solve the problems described above based on a simple but highly effective solution.
Más concretamente, el vehículo no tripulado para extinción de incendios de la invención está previsto para ser lanzado a una cierta altura sobre el incendio, desde un avión de transporte medio, de manera que tras el lanzamiento el vehículo de extinción se auto-guía y por una parte detecta las fuentes de calor mediante una cámara térmica que incluye el propio vehículo, y además es capaz de dirigirse hacia esas fuentes de calor mediante un software específico de guiado, activando a una cierta altura un dispositivo actuador magnético que descubre unos orificios en la base del vehículo, que dejan caer el agua sobre el chorro de aire que expelen los rotores establecidos en el interior del vehículo, provocando la nebulización y mejor aprovechamiento del contenido de material extintor, preferentemente agua. More specifically, the unmanned fire extinguishing vehicle of the invention is intended to be thrown at a certain height above the fire, from a medium transport aircraft, so that after launching the extinguishing vehicle is self-guided and by one part detects the sources of heat by means of a thermal camera that includes the vehicle itself, and is also able to go to those sources of heat by means of a specific guidance software, activating at a certain height a magnetic actuator device that discovers holes in the base of the vehicle, which let the water fall on the air jet expelled by the rotors established inside the vehicle, causing the fogging and better use of the content of extinguishing material, preferably water.
Estructuralmente, el vehículo en cuestión se constituye a partir de una carcasa que comprende dos partes, una superior y una inferior, estableciendo entre ambas un cuerpo esencialmente cilindrico, discoidal, con una pluralidad de motores asociados a respectivos rotores, preferentemente en número de 12 dispuestos en configuración de doble hexacóptero, todo ello de manera tal que sobre las bases superior e inferior de la carcasa general o cuerpo cilindrico que establecen las dos partes, existen respectivos orificios, concretamente un número de orificios igual al de parejas de rotores y motores, para permitir el paso del aire. Structurally, the vehicle in question is constituted from a housing that It comprises two parts, one upper and one lower, establishing between them an essentially cylindrical, discoidal body, with a plurality of motors associated with respective rotors, preferably in the number of 12 arranged in a double hexacopter configuration, all in such a way that on the upper and lower bases of the general housing or cylindrical body that establish the two parts, there are respective holes, specifically a number of holes equal to the pairs of rotors and motors, to allow the passage of air.
Además, en el interior de la carcasa del vehículo, van dispuestas dos cúpulas estancas para alojar la electrónica necesaria para la operación del vehículo, estando toda la electrónica montada sobre una placa base en la que se incluye una cámara térmica, un sensor de altura, un GPS, una antena, la correspondiente placa de navegación y control con sistema de recepción de la señal de la cámara y altura, y unos pines conectados con los correspondientes actuadores. In addition, inside the vehicle housing, two sealed domes are arranged to house the electronics necessary for the operation of the vehicle, all the electronics being mounted on a base plate in which a thermal camera, a height sensor, is included, a GPS, an antenna, the corresponding navigation and control board with a camera and height signal reception system, and pins connected to the corresponding actuators.
De la placa base es necesario una señal de salida hacia el sistema de descarga, de forma que cuando el software de la placa de control y navegación, basándose en las condiciones de posición, velocidad, temperatura del terreno y altura, de la orden de descarga, el agua salga por los orificios que deja al descubierto un mecanismo magnético de apertura. From the motherboard an output signal is necessary to the download system, so that when the software of the control and navigation board, based on the conditions of position, speed, ground temperature and height, of the download order , the water flows out of the holes that a magnetic opening mechanism reveals.
Opcionalmente se pueden incluir una serie de boquillas aspersoras que crean una atmósfera protectora alrededor del vehículo cuando se acerca a la zona de descarga. Optionally, a series of spray nozzles can be included that create a protective atmosphere around the vehicle when it approaches the discharge zone.
Opcionalmente es posible dotar al dispositivo de un paracaídas, ya sea balístico o de tipo parapente, que se abriría de manera explosiva al llegar a una determinada altura, de manera que reduzca la velocidad de caída y ayude a aumentar la autonomía del vehículo. Optionally it is possible to provide the device with a parachute, either ballistic or paragliding, that would open explosively upon reaching a certain height, so as to reduce the speed of fall and help increase the autonomy of the vehicle.
Según las características referidas, es posible utilizar uno o varios de estos vehículos no tripulados para descargar un chorro de agua nebulizada sobre el foco del fuego, con una precisión máxima, en cualquier momento del día y con un coste bajo, para lo cual, y como se ha dicho con anterioridad, el vehículo o vehículos se lanzan a una cierta altura sobre el incendio, desde una aeronave nodriza, preferentemente un avión de transporte medio, de manera que una vez en el aire, el vehículo o vehículos extintores detectan las fuentes de calor mediante la cámara térmica, siendo capaces de dirigirse hacia dichos focos mediante el comentado software de guiado, activando a una cierta altura el dispositivo actuador magnético para que libere los orificios en la base de la carcasa del vehículo, dejando caer el agua sobre el chorro de aire que expelen los rotores consiguiendo con ello la nebulización del agua para que el aprovechamiento de la misma sea máximo. Adicionalmente, también es posible operar el vehículo desde tierra, dirigiéndolo hacia el fuego manual o automáticamente. According to the aforementioned characteristics, it is possible to use one or more of these unmanned vehicles to discharge a jet of water mist on the focus of the fire, with maximum precision, at any time of the day and with a low cost, for which, and As stated previously, the vehicle or vehicles are launched at a certain height above the fire, from a mother aircraft, preferably a medium transport aircraft, so that once in the air, the vehicle or extinguishing vehicles detect the sources of heat by means of the thermal camera, being able to go towards said foci by means of the commented guidance software, activating the actuator device at a certain height magnetic so that it releases the holes in the base of the vehicle's casing, dropping the water on the jet of air that the rotors expel, thereby achieving water fogging so that the use of it is maximum. Additionally, it is also possible to operate the vehicle from the ground, directing it towards the fire manually or automatically.
Los motores con sus correspondientes rotores van montados sobre respectivos brazos radiales emergentes de un núcleo central, sobre el que se ha previsto, en su parte inferior, un alojamiento para la correspondiente cámara térmica. The motors with their corresponding rotors are mounted on respective radial emerging arms of a central core, on which a housing for the corresponding thermal chamber is provided in its lower part.
La gran ventaja del vehículo descrito, comparado con los medios de extinción aéreos habituales, deriva de su gran precisión y su bajo coste, así como de la posibilidad de operar en condiciones meteorológicas adversas sin necesidad de exponer vidas humanas a riesgos. The great advantage of the described vehicle, compared with the usual aerial extinguishing means, derives from its high precision and low cost, as well as the possibility of operating in adverse weather conditions without exposing human lives to risks.
Además, es posible una mayor capacidad de respuesta al utilizar, como medio de transporte, aeronaves de transporte, más rápidas que los hidroaviones y helicópteros. In addition, greater responsiveness is possible by using, as a means of transport, transport aircraft, faster than hydroplanes and helicopters.
Por último decir que la proyección del agua nebulizada que se consigue mediante el vehículo descrito ofrece unas características de extinción óptimas, al incrementarse exponencialmente el área de la gota, permitiendo una mejor extinción del fuego y un enfriamiento adicional de la superficie. Finally, to say that the projection of the water mist achieved by means of the described vehicle offers optimum extinguishing characteristics, as the area of the drop increases exponentially, allowing a better fire extinction and additional cooling of the surface.
Opcionalmente, el depósito contenedor del agua o producto extintor, puede estar asistido por una o más válvulas anti-retorno, asociadas a las paredes de las carcasas de los rotores, en orden a incrementar la presión en el interior de dicho tanque por efecto de la presión generada por dichos rotores, en orden a proporcionar una descarga de agua con mayor presión, lo que incrementa la efectividad del dispositivo, además de conseguir un empuje por reacción en la salida del agua que mejora la autonomía del dispositivo. Optionally, the water container or extinguishing product container may be assisted by one or more non-return valves, associated with the walls of the rotor housings, in order to increase the pressure inside said tank as a result of the pressure generated by said rotors, in order to provide a water discharge with greater pressure, which increases the effectiveness of the device, in addition to achieving a thrust per reaction at the water outlet that improves the autonomy of the device.
Los orificios de salida, con su mecanismo de bloqueo/desbloqueo no tienen por qué estar únicamente dispuestos en proximidad a las toberas de los rotores, sino que estos, y merced al sistema que se acaba de describir, pueden disponerse sobre el fondo del depósito, distribuidos adecuadamente, así como sobre las paredes laterales de la carcasa, obviamente en correspondencia con su zona más baja, en orden a incrementar el radio de acción en la descarga del agua o producto de que se trate. The exit orifices, with their locking / unlocking mechanism, do not have to be arranged only in proximity to the nozzles of the rotors, but these, and thanks to the system just described, can be arranged on the bottom of the tank, properly distributed, as well as on the side walls of the housing, obviously in correspondence with its lower zone, in order to increase the radius of action on the discharge of the water or product in question.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de planos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that will then be made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
La figura 1.- Muestra una representación correspondiente a una vista en perspectiva superior de un vehículo no tripulado para extinción de incendios realizado de acuerdo con el objeto de la presente invención. Figure 1 shows a representation corresponding to a top perspective view of an unmanned vehicle for fire extinguishing carried out in accordance with the object of the present invention.
La figura 2.- Muestra un detalle de una parte del propio vehículo, en el que se deja ver la disposición de los motores y rotores. Figure 2.- Shows a detail of a part of the vehicle itself, in which the arrangement of the motors and rotors is shown.
La figura 3.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de las carcasas interiores que definen difusores con toberas para el direccionamiento y salida del agua de extinción. Figure 3.- Shows a perspective view of the inner housings that define diffusers with nozzles for the direction and exit of the extinguishing water.
La figura 4.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva inferior de la correspondiente carcasa, con los orificios para la salida de aire y agua. Figure 4.- Shows a bottom perspective view of the corresponding housing, with the holes for the air and water outlet.
La figura 5.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de la parte interior del núcleo central del vehículo, mostrando los distintos circuitos electrónicos, la placa base de soporte de los mismos, y el detalle de la emergencia radial de los brazos portadores de los motores y rotores, no representados en esta figura. Figure 5.- Shows a perspective view of the inner part of the central core of the vehicle, showing the different electronic circuits, the base plate of the same, and the detail of the radial emergence of the arms carrying the engines and rotors, not shown in this figure.
La figura 6.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva inferior del vehículo, sin la parte o carcasa inferior, dejando ver su estructura interna. Figure 6.- Shows a bottom perspective view of the vehicle, without the lower part or housing, showing its internal structure.
La figura 7.- Muestra una representación como la de la figura anterior, sin el alojamiento para la cámara térmica, pero viéndose esta en su posición de montaje. La figura 8.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva general del vehículo cuya carcasa está formada por dos partes, una superior y otra inferior, formando un cuerpo cilindrico discoidal, en cuya parte superior se han previsto abrazaderas de agarre para su manipulado y trasporte, así como los orificios para flujo del aire y un tapón para el llenado con el producto extintor, preferentemente agua. Figure 7.- It shows a representation like that of the previous figure, without the housing for the thermal chamber, but looking at it in its mounting position. Figure 8.- Shows a general perspective view of the vehicle whose housing is formed by two parts, one upper and one lower, forming a cylindrical cylindrical body, in which upper part clamps are provided for handling and transportation, as well such as airflow holes and a plug for filling with the extinguishing product, preferably water.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
Como se puede ver en las figuras reseñadas, el vehículo no tripulado para la extinción de incendios está constituido por un cuerpo de configuración cilindrica formada por dos partes o carcasas superior (1) e inferior (V), presentando la carcasa superior (1) unas abrazaderas (2) para facilitar su transporte y manejo, así como un tapón (3) que se comunica con el depósito de producto extintor interior, para permitir el llenado a través de dicho tapón (3), incluyendo además los oportunos orificios (5) en la base de la carcasa o parte superior (1) y (10) en la carcasa o base inferior (1 '), para el flujo de aire en correspondencia con rotores (4) asociados a respectivos motores (6) montados conjuntamente y por parejas en brazos radiales (7), emergiendo estos de un núcleo central (13), existiendo en el ejemplo elegido, doce motores (6) y otros tantos rotores (4), y consecuentemente seis orificios (5) en la base de la parte superior de la carcasa y otros seis orificios inferiores (10) en la base de la carcasa inferior (1 '). As can be seen in the figures outlined above, the unmanned vehicle for firefighting is constituted by a cylindrical configuration body formed by two upper (1) and lower (V) parts or housings, the upper housing (1) having clamps (2) to facilitate transport and handling, as well as a plug (3) that communicates with the inner extinguishing product tank, to allow filling through said cap (3), also including the appropriate holes (5) at the base of the housing or upper part (1) and (10) in the housing or lower base (1 '), for the air flow in correspondence with rotors (4) associated to respective motors (6) assembled together and by pairs in radial arms (7), emerging from a central core (13), existing in the chosen example, twelve motors (6) and as many rotors (4), and consequently six holes (5) at the base of the part upper housing and six other lower holes (10) at the base of the lower housing (1 ').
Consecuentemente, los orificios (5-10) permiten el paso del aire generado por los propios rotores (4), flujo asistido por unos difusores (8) aguas arribas del respectivo rotor y de toberas (9) aguas abajo, de forma que se minimiza el tamaño del orificio necesario para un determinado flujo de aire a la vez que se incrementa el empuje obtenido al trabajar el rotor en condiciones de mayor presión. Consequently, the holes (5-10) allow the passage of the air generated by the rotors (4), flow assisted by diffusers (8) upstream of the respective rotor and nozzles (9) downstream, so that minimizes the size of the hole necessary for a given air flow while increasing the thrust obtained when working the rotor in conditions of higher pressure.
Los difusores (8) dispuestos interiormente, constituyen junto con el cuerpo cilindrico o carcasa general (1-1 ') un depósito para transportar una cierta cantidad de agua o producto extintor, suponiendo esto una protección adicional para los equipos y componentes electrónicos propios del vehículo que se encuentran en el interior, convenientemente aislados del agua, previéndose para ello una pareja de cúpulas estancas enfrentadas en el interior para alojar la correspondiente electrónica, en donde se incluye una placa base (12) que corresponde al propio núcleo central (13), en la que los componentes electrónicos corresponderán a una cámara térmica (14) como se representa en la figura 7, protegida por un compartimento o alojamiento de vidrio estanco (15) mostrado en la figura 6, de manera que además de esa cámara térmica se incluyen sensores de altura, GPS, antena, placas de elevación y control, etc. The diffusers (8) arranged internally, together with the cylindrical body or general housing (1-1 ') constitute a reservoir for transporting a certain amount of water or extinguishing product, assuming additional protection for the electronic equipment and components of the vehicle that are inside, conveniently isolated from the water, providing for a pair of watertight domes facing the inside to house the corresponding electronics, which includes a base plate (12) corresponding to the central core itself (13), in which the electronic components will correspond to a thermal chamber (14) as shown in Figure 7, protected by a sealed glass compartment or housing (15) shown in figure 6, so that in addition to that thermal camera, height sensors, GPS, antenna, lifting and control plates, etc. are included.
Alrededor de los orificios (5-10) de paso del aire se han previsto unos pequeños orificios (1 1), que se ven claramente en la figura 4, que garantizan una descarga controlada del producto extintor sobre el flujo de aire que expelen los rotores (4), de manera tal que esos orificios (1 1) quedan al descubierto por la actuación de un elemento magnético (16). Small holes (1 1) are provided around the air passage holes (5-10), which are clearly seen in Figure 4, which guarantee a controlled discharge of the extinguishing product on the air flow that the rotors expel (4), so that these holes (1 1) are exposed by the performance of a magnetic element (16).
Por último decir que se pueden incluir una pluralidad de boquillas aspersoras que creen una atmósfera protectora alrededor del propio vehículo, cuando se acerca a la zona de descarga. Finally, it is possible to include a plurality of spray nozzles that create a protective atmosphere around the vehicle itself, when approaching the discharge zone.
En definitiva, el vehículo no tripulado y descrito se puede utilizar como sistema de extinción de incendios forestales, lanzándose a una determinada altura desde una aeronave nodriza, por ejemplo un avión, dirigiéndose mediante auto-guiado, en modo paracaidista, y gracias a la acción de los rotores (4), hasta el propio foco de calor y a una determinada altura, por medio de la cámara térmica y sensores de distancia que incluye el sistema, de manera que, tras su lanzamiento por encima del incendio, y la actuación de los distintos componentes electrónicos, se produce la descarga de agua nebulizada mediante el actuador magnético (16), para que tras descargar todo el contenido el vehículo se vuelva a dirigir autónomamente a las coordenadas requeridas, aterrizando y esperando a ser recogido. In short, the unmanned and described vehicle can be used as a system for extinguishing forest fires, launching at a certain height from a nurse aircraft, for example an airplane, going by self-guidance, in paratrooper mode, and thanks to the action of the rotors (4), to the heat source itself and at a certain height, by means of the thermal chamber and distance sensors included in the system, so that, after its launch above the fire, and the performance of the different electronic components, the discharge of water mist occurs through the magnetic actuator (16), so that after downloading all the content the vehicle is redirected autonomously to the required coordinates, landing and waiting to be collected.
También decir que el vehículo es posible operarlo en modo pilotado desde tierra, al ser capaz de despegar y aterrizar desde una posición cercana al incendio. Also say that the vehicle can be operated in pilot mode from the ground, being able to take off and land from a position close to the fire.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1a.- Vehículo no tripulado para extinción de incendios, que siendo del tipo de los que incluyen un sistema de control y guiado no tripulado y propulsión mediante rotores (4) y motores (6) asociados a los mismos, alojados en el interior de una carcasa o cuerpo esencial y preferentemente cilindrica, con orificios (5-10) para el flujo de aire en correspondencia con los rotores (4), y orificios practicables (1 1) para la salida del producto extintor contenido en su seno, caracterizado porque incluye unos difusores internos (8) que en combinación con toberas (9) colaboran en la impulsión del flujo de aire generado por los rotores, de manera que entre dichos difusores y el cuerpo general cilindrico se constituye un depósito para el transporte del producto extintor. 1 .- An unmanned vehicle for firefighting, that being of the type including a control system and guided unmanned propulsion rotor (4) and motor (6) associated therewith, housed inside an essential and preferably cylindrical housing or body, with holes (5-10) for the flow of air in correspondence with the rotors (4), and practicable holes (1 1) for the output of the extinguishing product contained therein, characterized in that It includes internal diffusers (8) that in combination with nozzles (9) collaborate in the impulsion of the air flow generated by the rotors, so that between these diffusers and the cylindrical general body a reservoir for the transport of the extinguishing product is constituted.
2a.- Vehículo no tripulado para extinción de incendios, según reivindicación 1a, caracterizado porque los orificios practicables (1 1) para salida del producto extintor contenido en el seno del vehículo se disponen en proximidad a los orificios (10) de salida del aire generada por los rotores (4), de manera que ésta sea nebulizada en su salida. 2 .- unmanned vehicle for fire fighting according to claim 1, characterized in that the entry ports (1 1) for extinguisher outlet product contained within the vehicle are arranged in proximity to the holes (10) output air generated by the rotors (4), so that it is nebulized at its outlet.
3a.- Vehículo no tripulado para extinción de incendios, según reivindicación 1a, caracterizado porque los orificios practicables (1 1) para salida del producto extintor se disponen sobre la superficie inferior de la carcasa del vehículo, así como sobre los laterales de la misma, incluyendo el depósito contenedor del producto extintor válvulas anti-retorno en correspondencia con las toberas (9) de los rotores, para control interior de la presión del depósito. 3 .- unmanned vehicle for fire fighting according to claim 1, characterized in that the entry ports (1 1) for output of extinguishant are disposed on the bottom surface of the housing of the vehicle and on the sides of the same, including the container tank of the extinguishing product non-return valves in correspondence with the nozzles (9) of the rotors, for internal control of the tank pressure.
4a.- Vehículo no tripulado para extinción de incendios, según reivindicación 2a, caracterizado porque los orificios practicables (1 1) están controlados por medios de cierre magnéticos. 4 .- unmanned vehicle for fire fighting according to claim 2, wherein the openable holes (1 1) are controlled by means of magnetic closure.
5a.- Vehículo no tripulado para extinción de incendios, según reivindicación 1a, caracterizado porque los rotores (4) y motores (6) participan en el vehículo preferentemetne en número de doce, agrupándose por parejas, formando un doble hexacoptero. 5 .- unmanned vehicle for fire fighting according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotors (4) and motor (6) involved in the vehicle preferentemetne twelve in number, grouped in pairs, forming a double hexacoptero.
6a.- Vehículo no tripulado para extinción de incendios, según reivindicación 1a, caracterizado porque los motores (6) y correspondientes rotores (4) van montados por parejas en respectivos brazos radiales (7) emergentes de un núcleo central, que quedan alojados en otros tantos difusores. 6 .- An unmanned vehicle for fire fighting according to claim 1, characterized in that the motors (6) and corresponding rotor (4) are mounted in pairs on respective emerging radial arms (7) of a central core, which are housed in as many diffusers.
7a.- Vehículo no tripulado para extinción de incendios, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque en el núcleo central (13) se establecen dos partes estancas para ubicación de una placa de control con los correspondientes elementos y componentes electrónicos para el guiado del vehículo, incluyendo una cámara térmica, un sensor de altura, un GPS y una antena. 7 .- unmanned vehicle for firefighting, according to previous claims, characterized in that two sealed portions for location of a control board with the corresponding elements and electronic components for guiding the vehicle are established in the core (13), including a thermal camera, a height sensor, a GPS and an antenna.
8a.- Vehículo no tripulado para extinción de incendios, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque la parte superior de la carcasa general incluye abrazaderas para el transporte y manejo, así como un tapón para el llenado del depósito interior de producto extintor. 8 .- unmanned vehicle for firefighting, according to previous claims, characterized in that the top of the overall housing includes clamps for transport and handling as well as a plug for filling the inner tank extinguishant.
9a.- Vehículo no tripulado para extinción de incendios, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque incorpora unos aspersores en posición vertical y horizontal para crear una atmósfera de agua vaporizada entorno al vehículo como elemento de protección del mismo frente a las altas temperaturas. 9 .- unmanned vehicle for firefighting, according to previous claims, characterized in that it incorporates sprinklers in vertical and horizontal position to create an atmosphere of vaporized water around the vehicle as a protection element thereof against high temperatures.
10a.- Vehículo no tripulado para extinción de incendios, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque incorpora un paracaídas, ya sea balístico o de tipo parapente, dotados de medios de apertura explosiva al llegar a una determinada altura. 10 .- unmanned vehicle for firefighting, according to previous claims, characterized in that it incorporates a parachute, either ballistic or glider type, provided with means of explosive opening to reach a certain height.
PCT/ES2016/070195 2015-09-01 2016-03-22 Non-manned vehicle for extinguishing fires WO2017037311A1 (en)

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