WO2017037229A1

WO2017037229A1 - Method and device for producing fiber-reinforced plastic parts

Info

Publication number: WO2017037229A1
Application number: PCT/EP2016/070712
Authority: WO
Inventors: Matthias Graf
Original assignee: Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau
Priority date: 2015-09-03
Filing date: 2016-09-02
Publication date: 2017-03-09
Also published as: DE102015114786A1; EP3344446A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for producing a fiber-reinforced plastic component (1) using a flowable resin system in a mold tool (2), which comprises at least two tool parts (4, 6) in order to form a cavity, and a press (10) with a pressure device (11) in order to apply a pressing pressure onto the mold tool (2) via clamping plates (5, 7) for the tool parts (4, 6). At least one tool part (4, 6) is deformed along a bending line (B) during the course of the production process and/or the resin system is moved within the cavity during the course of the production process, thus forming a flow process (F), and finally a fiber-reinforced plastic component (1) with at least a gap width (SW) of the cavity is formed within the cavity. By using at least one correction device (8), the bending line (B) of at least one tool part (4, 6) and/or the flow process (F) and/or the gap width (SW) is influenced during the production process.

Description

Method and device for producing fiber-reinforced plastic parts

The present invention relates to a method for producing fiber-reinforced plastic parts according to the preamble of claim 1. The present invention further relates to an apparatus for producing fiber-reinforced

Plastic parts according to the preamble of claim 14.

For the production in particular of fiber-reinforced plastic components

(Fiber composite components) and in particular of carbon fiber reinforced

Plastic components (CFRP components) are nowadays used in industrial applications, even in large series, various methods:

For example, plastic parts are produced by extrusion, transfer molding or injection molding by mixing resin systems with fibers and curing them.

For example, the D-SMC process (sheet molding compound) or the LFT-D (long fiber reinforced thermoplastics in direct process) are known as

Extrusion process. Besides

there is also the RTM process (Resin Transfer Molding), with the special features of the HP-RTM (high pressure), the l-RTM (injection), the C-RTM (compression) and the D- RTM (dual) method.

In the SMC process usually geometrically cut mats consisting of a resin system and mixed reinforcing fibers (glass, carbon fibers, ...) are inserted into an open cavity of a usually two- or multi-part mold and in the course of closing the cavity respectively of the mold by means of a press into a fiber-reinforced plastic component and cured.

In the RTM process, a fiber preform fiber preform, also called preform, which is usually preformed, is placed in a preferably cleaned and separated, i. inserted with an anti-adhesive coated cavity of a mold. The mold is then closed by means of a press and a resin system (matrix) injected into the cavity of the mold, wherein it

Matrix material permeates the fiber structure of the fiber preform and the fibers includes. After curing of the resin system, the final shape of the fiber-reinforced plastic component thus obtained can be removed from the mold.

High cavity pressures of, for example, 35 to 100 bar are inherent in today's so-called high-pressure RTM process (HD-RTM, H (igh) P (ressure) -RTM), which are based on the production of, in particular, fiber-reinforced plastic components, such as

High performance fiber composites by means of a fastest possible resin injection with complete impregnation of the textile fiber reinforcement structures by the use of highly reactive resin systems concentrate. This results in a drastic reduction of the usual cycle times. To the homogeneous

Mixing of highly reactive resin and hardener components, a high-pressure RTM plant is used. A distinction is made between high pressure compression RTM (HP-CRTM) and high pressure injection RTM (HP-IRTM). In the HP-CRTM process, the resin is injected into a defined (low) open mold containing a fiber preform. After the injection process, the mold is closed and the fiber preform due to the

Closing forces of the hydraulic press resulting high cavity pressure of up to 100 bar both compacted (over-compacted) and simultaneously impregnated. In this case, exactly the necessary amount of resin is filled into the mold, which is necessary to produce the component, plus any Besäumkanten. In the HP-IRTM process, the fiber preform, which is already in a completely closed mold, is impregnated by a significantly high resin injection pressure of, for example, 35 bar. The high injection pressure should lead to a shortening of the time

Impregnation lead.

In addition, the DRTM process is also known in which the advantages of the IRTM and the C RTM process are combined and after an injection phase, a compression phase is provided with pressing a predetermined amount of resin from the cavity.

Forming tools, control means, methods and equipment for the production of fiber-reinforced plastic components are known from the prior art.

DE 10 2012 1 10 354 A1 discloses inter alia a molding tool and a preferred method for carrying out an HP-CRTM method In order to evacuate the cavity, a double seal kit is provided which, after evacuation and prior to injection of the resin into the cavity, seals the vacuum port from the cavity.

DE 10 201 1 051 391 A1 describes a device for carrying out an IRTM method for production, wherein the device has an injection unit and a closable housing provided with a mold cavity

Tool and the injection unit is coupled to the tool, such that an injection resin can be introduced into the tool, wherein the

Tool has at least one closable by means of a resin flow-closing unit and connected to the mold cavity resin exit from

which can emerge after filling the mold injection resin.

All RTM methods have the advantage:

• Short injection and impregnation times under high pressure;

· Short cycle times through the use of highly reactive resin systems;

• Economically and ecologically efficient processing, as it works with no or very little resin surplus;

• Creating an optimized resin-fiber ratio in the plastic molding, especially for lightweight construction.

Among other things, the plastic components are heavily affected by the

Compliance with dimensional accuracy. Often these are plane-parallel components that are to have a uniform thickness in local areas or over a large area. For large series but also for small series, the production of exactly

However, coordinated devices, such as mold press systems, to comply with the required dimensional stability but a great challenge there. Because the

Forming tools are usually multi-part, they must be matched and manufactured high quality to each other. For this purpose, it is generally necessary to provide elastomer seals and / or so-called dipping edges on the edges.

Compliance with the dimensional accuracy, in particular a uniform or

predetermined thickness profile, provides the producers, especially in high-pressure Applications of over 35 bar before special problems with the mold and the press.

The obvious approach of traditional tool making to make the mold as stiff as possible can not always guarantee the required dimensional stability. Also, the size of the mold is limited by the

Clamping size of the clamping plates of the existing press. The stiffer a tool is made, the bigger and more expensive it becomes. In order to ensure the dimensional accuracy are now usually numerous

Test series with the molds carried out, usually on so-called Tuschier- or tryout presses in the course of a post-processing of

Mold to achieve satisfactory results in production. These test series endeavor to rework the mold with the aid of realistic process parameters in such a way that it takes into account all external influences and, as a result, achieves the necessary dimensional accuracy during demoulding of the plastic component. But you have to pay attention to several parameters. The most important of these are the temperature of the press, the temperature of the mold, the pressing pressure, and the heat transfer taking place over the production time. All parameters

affect the dimensional accuracy of the mold and thus the dimensional accuracy of the plastic component. As a rule, the molds are reworked by means of a variety of methods (grinding, build-up welding, washers between platen and tool, etc., etc.) so that the thermal effects (bending, stretching) at the end of the manufacturing process no longer play a significant role. Also the difference between a main press and a

Spotting press can also be compensated with experience and corresponding calculations, whereby it is also assumed here that the almost perfect boundary conditions always have to be complied with.

Already here is obvious how big the effort for the operator of such presses and molds is, just to get in a mass production, recurring and comparable results in production.

Nowadays, however, not only more and more components per unit of time are to be produced, but also the fiber density for extreme lightweight construction be increased significantly. In the extrusion molding process and / or in the injection process, the pressures must now be further increased to meet these requirements, which in turn requires more stress and wear for the mold. This is compounded by the fact that during the manufacturing process dynamic force distributions occur in the mold, which on the one hand promote wear on the mold and on the other endanger the dimensional stability.

As an example may be mentioned that during extrusion, especially in fast high-pressure extrusion, by the surface, but not identical to the cavity formed material, pressure peaks occur in the mold, which bend it and thus lead to non-reproducible flow fronts during the manufacturing process.

The same can be observed with the RTM method. By injecting the resin, the mold is deformed in the region of the sprue. However, it may be in the nature of the molding tool that the molding tool has deformed in the gate area due to thermal effects in such a way that this area forms a bottleneck. However, even if the HP-CRTM method is used, and the injection of the resin by the opposite to the end position slightly open cavity actually no problem, so with a corresponding thermal bending line of the mold, the cavity in the final position too wide open or too narrow be compared to the required dimensional stability.

Is the mold due to the preparatory work, at the end of

Manufacturing process, due to the calculated or experience

occurring back pressure of a completely filled cavity to achieve the specified dimensional accuracy, so a corresponding plastic component is produced according to the requirements.

It has now been shown that despite all the effort does not seem justified and continue to disproportionately much effort must be introduced in a mass production to ensure reproducible dimensional accuracy.

In particular, it is disadvantageous if too little or too much is introduced into the cavity on the resin. Too little material will not provide the necessary back pressure build strong enough, and so the temperature-dependent bending line of the mold is not corrected accordingly. As a result, rejects. If too much material is used, the mold is overpressed. Even if the dimensional accuracy should be reasonably reached so the wear for the operated press and the mold increases disproportionately. In particular, the seals and / or the dipping edges of the molding tool suffer. It can also be due to local density peaks to plastic deformation of the cavity /

Mold come, with the result that the mold is unusable. Also, the molds tend to wear after a certain number of manufacturing cycles. Thus, with increasing number of plastic components produced again decreases the dimensional stability and requires an exchange of the mold with appropriate necessary training of another mold or the repair of the mold with a similar effort.

The present invention has for its object to provide a comparison with the prior art improved method and an apparatus with which it is possible to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, it should be possible to reduce the input and post-processing of molds,

To improve density variations and tolerances on the final product, to facilitate injection of the resin or extrusion in the cavity, to control the thermal problems of the mold-press system. For this purpose, it should now be possible the manufacturing process and / or the mold to the temporally occurring process-related influences, such. As to pressure peaks or distributions to be able to adjust dynamically.

The object is in particular for a method for producing a fiber-reinforced plastic component with a flowable resin system in a mold comprising at least two tool parts for forming a cavity and a press with a printing device for applying a

Pressing pressure on the mold on platens for the tool parts, wherein at least one tool part deformed in the course of the manufacturing process along a bending line and / or

the resin system moves within the cavity as part of the manufacturing process and thereby forms a flow process, and finally within the cavity, a fiber-reinforced plastic component is formed with at least one gap width of the cavity. The task for the method is solved by

that with a correction device

- The bending line of a tool part and / or

- the flow process and / or

- the gap width

is influenced during the manufacturing process.

At least one sensor is used for continuously detecting the

Flow process and / or the bending line with a control or regulating device for controlling or regulating the correction device used. In particular, the sensor should absorb pressure, temperature, strain or the like, so that the control and regulation device can perform a desired-actual comparison for actuating the correction device in accordance with the predetermined values.

Alternatively or in combination can be used as a correction device hydraulic and / or pneumatic actuators, which are operatively connected in the tool parts on the press and / or on the platen of the tool parts.

In particular, these correction devices between the clamping plate and the tool part, within the tool part, between the clamping plate and

Press frame and / or act through the platen directly from the press frame on the tool part and be arranged.

Alternatively or in combination, in a printing device having a plurality of actuators, at least one actuator of the printing device can be used as a correction device, wherein in particular the one actuator of the correction device introduces a different force into the mold than the actuator of

Printing device. In particular, a combination of others

Correction devices and the existing printing device provided with appropriate regulation or control of the forces in the actuators. Alternatively or in combination, the gap width can be adjusted by a dynamic adjustment during the manufacturing process, in particular such that towards the end of the manufacturing process, the flow resistance is greatest and, if necessary, the Nachdrücken is enabled. Again, it is possible that it is possible to adjust the necessary pressures and deflections on the control or regulating device based on measured values and in particular to monitor during the manufacturing process and thus to control or regulate.

Alternatively or in combination can only at the end of the flow process a

Pressure distribution and / or a gap width are set, in which the

Target wall thickness of the plastic component is achieved.

Alternatively or in combination, the flow process of the resin system, in particular the flow front, can be calculated from the self-adjusting counter pressures in the pressure device, the correction device, the currently measured gap widths SW and / or the volume of the resin system and a dynamic adjustment of the pressure distribution to control the flow process F.

Alternatively or in combination, in an IRTM procedure at the beginning of the

Injection process in the range of at least one resin inlet, the gap width is increased by appropriate control of the correction device.

Alternatively or in combination, in a CRTM procedure during the injection phase and / or during the compression phase, the flow process may be affected.

Alternatively or in combination, in a DRTM method during the

Injection phase and / or be influenced during the extrusion of the resin from the cavity of the flow process.

Alternatively, or in combination, in an extrusion molding process of a resin system having mixed fibers, the gap width may be substantially at the center of the

Resin system, the smallest gap width is controlled and the gap width from this point, preferably in all directions, to the edge of the cavity out the gap width is greater than the desired wall thickness of the plastic component and this difference increasingly reduced at the end of the press cycle and performed at zero.

Alternatively or in combination, in particular in the case of the high-pressure RTM process, the sealing effect, in particular the dipping edge and / or the elastomer seals used, between the tool parts can be improved by influencing the bending line of at least one tool part.

Alternatively or in combination, during the movement of the tool parts relative to one another, the bending line of at least one tool part can be adjusted such that a collision of the corresponding dipping edges of two tool parts is avoided and / or the wear on the dipping edges is minimized by reducing the friction. A generic device for producing a fiber-reinforced

Plastic component with a flowable resin system has a mold, which comprises at least two tool parts for forming a cavity, and a press with a printing device for applying a pressing pressure to the mold on clamping plates for the tool parts, wherein

At least one tool part is deformed along a bending line B in the course of the production process and / or

the resin system moves within the cavity as part of the manufacturing process, forming a flow process,

and finally within the cavity, a fiber reinforced plastic component having at least one nip width of the cavity can be formed.

The solution of the task for the device is that for influencing

- The bending line B of a tool part and / or

- the flow process F and / or

- The gap width SW of the cavity between the tool parts

a correction device is arranged.

Alternatively or in combination, in the device at least one sensor for continuously detecting the flow process, the bending line and / or the gap width with a control or regulating device for controlling or regulating the

Correction device may be arranged. Preferably, the sensor is capable of pressure,

Include temperature, strain or the like, the control and

Control device according to the predetermined values can use a target-actual comparison for driving the correction device.

Alternatively or in combination can be arranged in the device as a correction device hydraulic and / or pneumatic actuators in the tool parts, on the press and / or on the platen of the tool parts.

Alternatively or in combination, in the device in a printing device with a plurality of actuators for a tool part at least one actuator of the

Printing device to be suitable to be used as a correction device, in particular by the ability to initiate a differentiated force against the actuators of the printing device.

Alternatively or in combination, in the device at least one sensor for continuously detecting the position of the dipping edges with a control or

Control device for controlling or regulating the correction device may be arranged.

In an advantageous manner, it is possible to use a plurality of printing devices for correcting undesired deformations along the bending lines. The correction devices are preferably hydraulic or pneumatic single or double acting cylinder units. Preferably, the gap width of the cavity is continuously detected by at least one sensor and controlled by means of said pressure and correction devices by means of a central processing unit (CPU). This means that even if the temperature and / or pressure change during the forming process (during pressing), the gap width can be maintained at a desired, for example, constant value. This is particularly advantageous in order to avoid unwanted slipping of fiber material. In particular, it is also envisaged that towards the end of the process, at the beginning of the curing of the resin, the desired thickness, according to the gap widths of the cavity, the finished

Plastic components is set. According to the proposed method can be in a closed

Control loop or in an adjustable control sequence, the pressure distribution over the surface of the cavity and / or the gap width over the surface of the cavity within a press cycle are dynamically changed within a press cycle, thereby advantageously influencing the flow process.

Furthermore, the gap width can be influenced in such a way that the flow resistance is reduced by the dynamic adjustment of the gap width in the respective phase of the flow process.

Upon reaching the end position, a pressure distribution and / or

Gap setting adjusted, in which the gap width in all areas of the component as best as possible corresponds to the target wall thickness.

The flow front of the resin can be calculated from the counter pressures occurring in the individual correction devices and / or via the current measured gap width or the injection volume. There is a dynamic adjustment of the pressure distribution across the surface by means of the correction devices to actively control the flow front.

In a resin injection process, at the beginning of the injection process in the area of the sprue or in an extrusion molding process in the region of the material insert, the gap width is kept larger by corresponding activation of the correction device than in the other regions of the cavity.

When flow-pressure molding a moldable fiber-reinforced plastic mass gap width can be set in the center of the inserted molding compound least; From this point on, the gap width increases in all directions to the edge of the cavity. The difference is increasingly reduced towards the end of the press cycle in order to promote the flow process and to adhere to the setpoint values for the gap width towards the end of the process. The invention thus enables an active deformation control of at least one tool part or the clamping plate and thus indirectly a tool part. In particular, it is now possible with such an embodiment also by a plurality of actuators asymmetric molds individually with a

To use device for the production of custom-made plastic components. In particular, in the mass production of different components with different tools, it is now possible to program and provide corresponding recipes for the tools already, such as these during production or in the course of curing of the resin system with forces

are charged to get optimal components. Also, the problem of wear can be treated accordingly and be fed manually or automatically via the final inspection in the control or regulating device by means of control measurements on previously manufactured components. According to the invention, it is now possible to influence the flow process F without artificial voids, resin guides or the like in the cavity

Depending on the desired specification of the plastic component, the fibers of glass fibers, carbon fibers, ceramic fibers, aramid fibers, boron fibers, steel fibers, natural fibers, nylon fibers or comparable fibers and / or mixtures thereof and / or so-called. Wirrfasermatten (recycled fiber mats) consist or mixed into the resin be..

These and other features and advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary production of a fiber-reinforced plastic component with a molding tool illustrated in the drawings.

Figures 1 to 3 illustrate the deformation of the tool parts in one

Device according to the prior art in the at least three necessary process steps for producing a

fiber reinforced plastic part,

Figures 4 to 6 illustrate the possibilities of influencing a

Bending line according to a first embodiment of the

Device according to the process steps of Figures 1 to

3,

Figures 7 to 9 illustrate the possibilities of influencing a

Bending line according to a second embodiment of the

Device according to the process steps of Figures 1 to

3, Figure 10 graphically illustrates the operation of correlated pressure and pressure

Correction device with exemplary marking possible force vectors and an additional view from below of the platen with the points of attack of the correction device,

FIG. 11a schematically shows an exemplary flow process according to FIG

State of the art and

Figures 1 1 b and c show the possibility of the flow process in its course

Figure 12 shows a device according to a third embodiment in which the correction device between the two

Platen is arranged for the tool parts,

FIG. 13a shows by way of example a deliberate application of force during one

Closing or opening movement the friction or

To reduce the risk of collision between the dipping edges of the tool parts and

FIG. 13 b shows by way of example the possibility of the sealing effect of FIG

Dipping edges or similar sealants to strengthen by targeted force during the manufacturing process.

FIGS. 14 to 17 show by way of example the sequence of a D-RTM method for producing a plastic part, wherein

Figure 14 before the mold in an open position A before

Introducing the fiber preform into the mold,

Figure 15 shows the mold in an optional sealing position B for

Producing a vacuum within the closed-to-the-environment cavity after introduction of the fiber preform, in

16 shows the mold in the injection position C for flooding the

Cavity is shown with resin and in

17, the mold is shown in the end position D, wherein during the movement into the end position D, the pressed out and excess resin is squeezed out of the cavity via a resin outlet.

Finally, FIG. 18 shows an overview of the means for controlling the flow of resin and an exemplary illustration of FIG

Bending of the tool part to influence the

Resin flow during injection in and / or during extrusion from the cavity.

Figures 1 to 3 show a conventional molding press of the prior art for producing fiber-reinforced plastic components. 1 The press 10 essentially comprises a press frame with an upper and lower crosshead and these connecting columns. Between the Querhäuptern a printing device 1 1 with two hydraulic actuators and clamping plates 5, 7 for the tool parts 4 and 6 is arranged. In the present example, only the upper platen 5 by means of the printing device 1 1 is movable.

Figure 1 shows that state in which the cavity between the two

Tool parts 4, 6 is open. The mold 2 is already heated, for example, to a temperature of 160 ° C. By heating the two tool parts 4, 6 are subject to a deflection. The deflections are illustrated by the dashed lines B of bending. Within the cavity there is already a fiber preform 3 for a possible RTM process. Alternatively, a resin system with corresponding fiber content (D-SMC, LFT-D) could be inserted in an extrusion molding process. The two arrows on the printing device 1 1 symbolize the closing operation of the cavity by moving the upper tool part 4 in the direction of the stationary tool part. 6

In the operating state shown in Figure 2, the cavity is closed and the injection of a flowable resin system has already begun. The resin system is injected through a connection, not shown, into the cavity of the molding tool 2. At the point at which temperature-controlled liquid resin is injected into the cavity, a temperature change of the two near the surface occurs

Tool parts 4, 6. This leads to a local expansion of the tool shapes, and thus to an irregularity. However, the bending lines B are essentially unchanged. However, they show that the maximum deflection of both tool parts 4, 6 is greatest in the area of the center axis of the press frame. The gap width SW is thus minimized there.

This hinders the injection of the resin system. This is particularly disadvantageous because the resin must flow from the central axis to the edges of the cavity.

At the same time increased effort for injection of the resin system must be operated. In the unfavorable case to be assumed increases in this area, the abrasion on the tool parts disproportionately and / or an inserted fiber preform 3 is moved or damaged in this area.

Figure 3 illustrates the final state of the injection. As can be seen in the now larger illustrated force vectors of the printing device 1 1, the pressure in the device and thus on the mold is particularly high. The two bending lines B in the upper and lower tool parts 4, 6 now run differently than in the preceding figures. The bends have reversed. In the meantime, the plastic component 1 has arisen in the cavity. Due to the effects of temperature and pressure, the plastic component now has a thickness profile that is not optimal. The gap width SW will be near the center axis due to the influences greater than the target value. Depending on the requirements, the workpiece must still be machined after removal from the press or is considered scrap. To remedy this situation is usually carried out as already above to the prior art, the mold 2 in advance so edited that at the end of the

Manufacturing process as accurately as possible, the gap width SW on the plastic part 1 should be met.

It is obvious that depending on the configuration of the plastic part 1, the gap width SW and thus the thickness of the plastic part 1 can vary.

The situation is different for the device according to FIGS. 4 to 6. As far as the same components are concerned as in FIGS. 1 to 3, the components are provided with the same reference numerals as there. The differences of the device according to the prior art compared to the first embodiment of the device according to the invention, however, lie in the following:

As a printing device 1 1 two actuators are arranged on the outside, whereas as a correction device 8 centered another actuator, in the present case a column with Circumferential grooves is arranged. In the present case, the correction device 8 is also used to fast opening and closing movements with low

Perform force. For this purpose, a corresponding clamping device for positive locking (not shown) is usually provided on the column. Incidentally, this column can also be used to set the maximum and minimum stroke of the printing apparatus 11 in the case of different molds. The actuators of the pressure and the correction device are in

Generally evenly distributed over the platen 5. However, this can also be different, so that, for example, certain surface areas are acted upon differently with actuators. The actuators are preferably designed double-acting.

Analogous to FIG. 1, a fiber preform 3 is inserted into the open cavity in FIG. 4 and the molding tool is closed by means of the printing device 11. During the injection phase in FIG. 5 (analogous to FIG. 2), the pressure device 11 amplifies the introduced force (forces shown as vectors) as the closing force for the

Forming tool 2. Alternatively, an extrusion process could take place here in which the resin system with mixed-in fiber fractions is simply inserted into the cavity and then pressed. As a result of the counterpressure arising, the bending lines B now change, but clearly show that a satisfactory gap width in the cavity can not be set by the different bending lines in the tool parts 4, 6.

In order to influence the bending line B with respect to FIG. 3 and the prior art, the correction device 8 is activated according to FIG. 6 and presses the bending lines B such that both bending lines B of the tool parts 4, 6 are substantially parallel to one another. Since the two tool parts 4, 6 have been prepared correspondingly dimensionally stable to each other, results over the profile of the plastic component 1, the predetermined thickness according to the gap width SW of the cavity.

FIGS. 7 to 9 show a second embodiment of the device. Again, the same reference numbers will be used as before.

In Figure 7, the press 10 is open. In Figure 8, it is partially closed. In Figure 9, it is completely closed; the end of the forming process is reached. The press 10 has outer columns with teeth on which the clamping plate 5 with the clamped tool part 4 in the closed press position of Figure 8 positively locked by means of a clamping device (not shown). Alternatively and preferably, these are carried out in the form of threaded spindles, over which also the pressing pressure can be exerted.

The particular difference with respect to the first embodiment according to the figures 4 to 6 is that the actuators of the correction device 8 are distributed over the surface of the lower platen 7 and supported on the lower crosshead. Due to the multiplicity of action points, the correction device 8 can influence the deformation work of the lower clamping plate 7 and thus the tool part 6.

FIG. 10 shows the shape, the arrangement and a possible mode of action via the force vectors of the adjusting devices of the correction device 8. A

Exemplary plan view of the platen 7 from below is shown below. As a result of the action of the different force vectors of the correction device 8, as described, the bending line of the molding tool 2, the gap width SW and / or the flow process F can be varied during the production process, in particular dynamically.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the device, the outer columns only perform the closing stroke, preferably as a rapid lift. After locking take over the actuators arranged below the

Correction device also the compression stroke in a C or D-RTM method. At the same time, however, these also serve, by virtue of the different force vectors, for the static and / or dynamic influencing of the bending line, which in this example likewise again parallel to the top and bottom at the end of the pressing cycle

Tool part extends and thus results in a uniform gap width SW for producing the predetermined geometry of the plastic component.

A device according to the invention ideally has at least one sensor, not shown here. The sensor detects, for example, the gap width, strains on the tool or the clamping plate or other suitable parameters. That's it it is desirable to provide a plurality of sensors to detect the gap width SW across the entire cavity and to take appropriate action accordingly. The measures consist in that the correction device 8 is controlled accordingly in order to achieve a desired course of the gap width SW over the surface of the cavity. In general, one will want to create a constant gap width throughout the cavity. However, it may also be desirable to produce different gap widths, depending on the design of the plastic part 1 to be manufactured. FIG. 11 a schematically shows an exemplary flow process according to the prior art, and FIGS. 11 b and c show the possibility of specifically influencing the flow process in its course compared to the prior art. In the present example, a rectangular cavity is shown, in the bottom left of the resin inlet 12 is shown. Usually, the flow process F will start there and continue from bottom left to top right until the cavity is filled with the resin system. The wavy lines are intended to symbolize the progress of the flow front over time. According to the invention it is now possible, the flow process F without artificial voids,

To influence resin guides or the like in the cavity by

Changing the bending line of the flow resistance to the right, according to Figure 1 1 b, is reduced so that the resin system along the drawn flow fronts 14 to the right and only then starts, preferably uniformly over the entire width to move upward, Figure 1 1 c.

Figure 12 shows a device according to a third embodiment in which the correction device 8 is arranged between the two clamping plates for the tool parts. This can be designed as outside of the mold 2, preferably double-acting, cylinder which press or pull the clamping plates 5 and 7 in the closing or compression position of the device apart, while the printing device 1 1, analogous to Figure 6, applies the clamping force. Hereby, the bending line B of a device could be selectively influenced. Especially the last embodiment is intended to show that the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but there are a variety of ways to provide a correction device 8 in the device to affect the bending line B, the flow process F and / or the gap width SW , FIG. 13 shows, by way of example, how to reduce the friction or risk of collision between the dipping edges of the tool parts by targeted application of force during a closing or opening movement and / or to increase the sealing effect of dipping edges or similar sealing means during the production process.

For this purpose, exaggerated in Figure 13a, as shown by the vectorial force on the platen 5 above the tool part 4 is bent so that the dipping edges 9, in reality, very little curve inward. At the same time, if a corresponding correction device 8 is provided, the lower

Clamping plate 7 and / or the tool part 4 with forces (not shown) are acted upon, that bend the dipping edges 9 to the outside, so that less friction and thus almost no abrasion in the movement of the dipping edges will occur to each other. The horizontal arrows do not represent the forces acting but should represent the deforming dipping edges.

According to the invention and according to FIG. 13b, the sealing action can now be reinforced in the closed state, especially when extruding or injecting high-pressure resin systems, with corresponding introduction of forces (not shown) when the dipping edges or the areas with seals are pressed in accordance with one another ,

FIGS. 14 to 17 show the sequence of a D-RTM method for producing a plastic part 1.

Fig. 14 shows that at least two tool parts 4, 6 comprehensive molding tool 2 of a RTM system in an open position A. In this case, the upper tool part (male) 4 and the lower tool part (die) 6 in such a way to each other

formed correspondingly that they form in a final closed position one of the end position of the plastic component 1 corresponding cavity, in which later the resin system is injected. In order to keep the mold 2 tightly closed during the injection of the resin via an injection port 17 for infiltrating the cavity of the molding tool 2 or the fiber preform 3, at least one, in particular, is located between the tool upper part 4 and the tool lower part 6 Elastomer-containing, main seal. As shown in FIG. 1, depending on the design of the tool parts 4 and 6, two or more seals 15 and 19 may optionally be provided, which seal one tool part 4 with the other tool part 6. For evacuation of the cavity required before infiltration, at least one vacuum connection 20 is formed in at least one tool part 4, 6.

FIG. 15 shows the two-part molding tool 2 of an RTM installation from FIG. 14 with a preformed insert inserted therein - but simplified in the exemplary embodiment

Essentially just drawn - fiber preform 3. It can be seen, as already in this optional sealing position B, the partially closed tool parts 4 and 6 on the lower circumferential seal 15 are closed airtight to each other and the cavity thus formed via an operatively connected opening through the

Vacuum port 20 is evacuated. Fig. 16 shows the two-part mold 2 of FIG. 15 in a second, more closed injection position C, in which the opening to the vacuum port 20 now by the first (lower) seal 5 against the cavity formed by the tool parts 4, 6 and Tool parts 4 and 6 are additionally sealed by a second (upper) seal 19, so that via the vacuum port 20, the vacuum can still be held securely in the mold 2, when the tool parts 4, 6 already in the injection position for introducing the resin system were moved into the evacuated cavity. Depending on the height of the main seal, a seal 15 may be sufficient if, in the course of driving the tool parts 4, 6 from the sealing position B to the injection position, it can completely cover the opening to the vacuum port 20. But even in this special case, it may be useful to provide a second seal 19. That's the danger

unwanted air pockets in the plastic component 1 always avoided because even with a small leakage of the first seal 15 via the second seal 19, the air seal can be preserved before and during the RTM process. This is advantageous in particular when an HP-DRTM process is carried out in the RTM system, ie when the tool parts 4 and 6 are closed to a defined gap size only in the end position in order to inject the injected resin into the fiber without significant flow resistance. Completely introduce and compact preform 3. Fig. 17 shows the two-part mold 2 of Fig. 16 in the third, final

End position D, in which the cavity left by the tool parts 4 and 6 now corresponds to the desired component thickness of the plastic component 1 to be manufactured, so that the resin previously injected over the area into the pores and

Intermediate spaces of the fiber preform 3 was pressed. The excessively injected resin in the HP-DRTM process is pressed out of the cavity via a resin outlet 8. In a separate overview of FIG. 18, a selection of means for controlling the flow process in the course of producing a fiber-reinforced plastic component 1 and an exemplary illustration of the bending of a tool part 6 for influencing the resin flow during injection into and / or out of the cavity are shown , Preferably, with the vacuum port 20 a

Vacuum device 23 operatively connected, which can be decoupled from the cavity by means of a valve 25. This is particularly advantageous if the vacuum port 20 is also in operative connection with the cavity during the injection position C or end position D. Also at the injection port 17 is a valve 22 that the

Injection device 21 is to protect against excessive pressure during the extrusion of the resin from the cavity.

Preferably, during the injection of the resin (injection position C), the resin outlet 18 is closed by a valve 24. Alternatively or in combination, the valve can be designed controllable and will set a minimum pressure in the mold, which is specified. Thus, the valve 24 during the injection of the resin in the cavity specify a minimum pressure, but also a minimum pressure for the

Press out and adjust the reprinting. The valve 24 will preferably be connected to the appropriate sensor or to the control means to the

corresponding circuits depending on pressure, time and quantity

perform. It is obvious that described features can also occur in a variety, this applies in particular to the injection port, the resin outlet, the tool parts, valves and other means.

Finally, reference should be made to the representation of an introduction of forces F into a tool part 4. Again, in the table for stretching the

Tool part 6 short-stroke cylinder can be arranged or connected, which can attack directly or indirectly on the tool part 6 to this in certain situations statically or dynamically during the manufacturing process with forces

apply. Preferably, these adjusting means are used to the

To ensure dimensional accuracy of the mold. It can also be provided that during the injection or expulsion of the resin, the flow front of the resin can be supported or influenced by bending the at least one tool part.

In the example shown in FIG. 18, a bending of the

Tool part set by external forces F, which press on the left side and pull on the right side of the tool part, so that the cavity is exemplified in the direction of the resin outlet 18 is greater. This is preferably timed appropriately during the injection or the extrusion. Of course, at the end of the pressing or during the curing of the resin, the introduction of the forces in the tool part is adjusted so that the dimensional accuracy of the plastic component 1 is ensured.

List of Reference Numerals: P1502

1 plastic component 15 14 flow front

2 mold 15 seal

3 fiber preform 17 injection port

4 tool part 18 resin outlet

5 clamping plate 19 seal

6 Tool part 20 20 Vacuum connection

7 clamping plate 21 injection device 8 correction device 22 valve

9 dipping edge 23 vacuum device

10 press 24 valve

1 1 pressure device 25 25 valve

12 resin inlet

F flow process A open position

B Bend line B Sealing position

SW gap width C injection position

D end position

Claims

claims

1 . Method for producing a fiber-reinforced plastic component (1) with a flowable resin system in a molding tool (2) comprising at least two tool parts (4, 6) for forming a cavity and a press (10) with a pressure device (1 1) for applying a Pressing pressure on the

Forming tool (2) via clamping plates (5, 7) for the tool parts (4, 6), wherein at least one tool part (4, 6) deformed in the course of the manufacturing process along a bending line (B) and / or

the resin system moves in the course of the manufacturing process within the cavity and thereby forms a flow process (F),

and finally within the cavity, a fiber-reinforced plastic component (1) with at least one gap width (SW) of the cavity is formed, characterized

characterized in that with at least one correction device (8) during the manufacturing process

- The bending line (B) at least one tool part (4, 6) and / or

the flow process (F) and / or

- the gap width (SW)

being affected.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one sensor for continuously detecting the flow process (F) and / or the

Bending line (B) with a control or regulating device for controlling or regulating the correction device (8) is provided.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as

Correction device hydraulic and / or pneumatic actuators are used, which in the tool parts (4, 6), on the press (10) and / or on the clamping plate (5, 7) of the tool parts (4, 6) are operatively connected.

4. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a printing device (1 1) with several

Actuators at least one actuator of the printing device (1 1) as

Correction device (8) is used.

5. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gap width (SW) is adjusted by a dynamic adjustment of the gap width during the manufacturing process,

in particular such that at the end of the manufacturing process the flow resistance is greatest.

6. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that towards the end of the flow process, a pressure distribution and / or a gap width (SW) is adjusted, in which the desired wall thickness of the plastic component (1) is achieved.

7. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow process of the resin system, in particular the flow front (14), from the self-adjusting counter pressures in the printing device (1 1), the correction device (8), over the currently measured Gap widths (SW) and / or the volume of the resin system is calculated and a dynamic adjustment of the pressure distribution takes place in order to control the flow process (F).

8. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in an IRTM process at the beginning of the injection process in the region of at least one resin inlet (12) the

Slit width (SW) by appropriate control of the correction device (8) is increased.

9. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in a CRTM process during the injection phase and / or during the compression phase, the flow process is influenced.

10. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in a DRTM method during the Injection phase and / or during the extrusion of the resin from the cavity of the flow process is influenced.

1 1. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in an extrusion molding process of a resin system with mixed fibers, the gap width (SW) substantially in the center of the resin system, the smallest gap width (SW) is controlled and the gap width (SW) from this point , Preferably in all directions, to the edge of the cavity towards the gap width (SW) is greater than the desired wall thickness of

Plastic component (1) and this difference increasingly reduced at the end of the press cycle and is led to zero.

12. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing effect, in particular the dipping edge (9) and / or elastomeric seals used, between the tool parts (4, 6) by an influence on the bending line at least one tool part (4, 6) is improved.

13. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that during the movement of the tool parts (4, 6) to each other, the bending line (B) is set at least one mold part such that a collision of the corresponding dipping edges of two tool parts (4, 6 ) and / or the wear on the dipping edges (9) is minimized by reducing the friction.

14. Device for producing a fiber-reinforced plastic component (1) with a flowable resin system in a molding tool (2), which comprises at least two tool parts (4, 6) for forming a cavity, in a press (10) with a printing device (1 1) for applying a pressing pressure to the molding tool (2) via clamping plates (5, 7) for the tool parts (4, 6), wherein at least one tool part (4, 6) deforms along a bending line (B) during the manufacturing process and / or

the resin system moves in the course of the manufacturing process within the cavity and thereby forms a flow process (F), and finally within the cavity a fiber-reinforced plastic component (1) having at least one gap width (SW) of the cavity is formed, characterized in that during the manufacturing process for influencing

- The bending line (B) of a tool part (4, 6) and / or

- the flow process (F) and / or

- The gap width (SW) of the cavity between the tool parts (4, 6) a correction device (8) is arranged.

15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that at least one sensor for continuously detecting the flow process (F), the bending line (B) and / or the gap width (SW) with a control or regulating device for controlling or regulating the correction device (8 ) is arranged.

16. The apparatus according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that as

Correction device (8) hydraulic and / or pneumatic actuators in the tool parts (4, 6), on the press (10) and / or on the clamping plate (5, 7) of the tool parts (4, 6) are arranged.

17. The apparatus of claim 14, 15 or 16, characterized in that in a printing device (1 1) with a plurality of actuators for a tool part (4, 6) at least one actuator of the printing device (1 1) is suitable as

Correction device (8) to be used, in particular by the ability to initiate a force other than the actuators of the printing device (1 1).

18. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that at least one sensor for continuously detecting the position of the dipping edges (9) with a control or regulating device for controlling or regulating the

Correction device (8) is arranged.