WO2017024568A1 - 关联标识的传输方法及装置 - Google Patents

关联标识的传输方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017024568A1
WO2017024568A1 PCT/CN2015/086805 CN2015086805W WO2017024568A1 WO 2017024568 A1 WO2017024568 A1 WO 2017024568A1 CN 2015086805 W CN2015086805 W CN 2015086805W WO 2017024568 A1 WO2017024568 A1 WO 2017024568A1
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Prior art keywords
frame
information
site
random access
association
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PCT/CN2015/086805
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林英沛
张佳胤
马驰翔
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2015/086805 priority Critical patent/WO2017024568A1/zh
Publication of WO2017024568A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017024568A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for transmitting associated identifiers.
  • the STA Before the access point (AP) communicates with the station (the station for short), the STA needs to perform the association interaction. That is, the STA sends an association request to the AP. The AP replies to the STA with the association response frame. After the interaction is complete, the STA successfully associates with the STA. The AP can further transmit information with the associated AP. Using the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) standard before 802.11ax, the association request and association response frames are sent on the entire bandwidth channel.
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) technology is introduced, that is, an AP needs to transmit with multiple STAs at the same time, and uplink and downlink transmissions of these STAs are performed. All the APs need to be obeyed by the AP. Therefore, the AP needs to assign an Association Identifier (AID) to each STA in the association process, and the resource allocation information is differentiated by the AID and sent to the corresponding STA. More specifically, the STA cannot obtain the AID before the STA completes the association with the AP. Therefore, the association response frame needs to implement the information interaction between the STA that sends the association request and the AP through the pre-association identifier (pre-AID).
  • pre-AID pre-association identifier
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for transmitting an association identifier, which are used to solve the problem that the prior art has no pre-AID related allocation method for OFDMA technology.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a method for transmitting an association identifier, including:
  • the access point AP sends a random access trigger frame.
  • acknowledgment information is sent by the AP according to the association request frame, where the acknowledgment information carries a pre-association identifier allocated by the AP to the first subchannel.
  • the acknowledgment information carries a subchannel number of the first subchannel.
  • the association request frame carries a random number; correspondingly, the confirmation information is And carrying a random number carried by the target station in the association request frame;
  • the method further includes:
  • the AP sends an association response frame, where the association response frame carries address information of the target site; the target site is a site in the at least one site that successfully acquires the pre-association identifier.
  • the method further includes:
  • the AP sends an association response frame, where the association response frame carries address information of the target site, and the target site is a site that successfully acquires the pre-association identifier in the at least one site.
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a method for transmitting an association identifier, including:
  • the station receives the random access trigger frame sent by the access point AP;
  • the station receives the acknowledgement information of the AP reply, where the acknowledgement information carries the pre-association identifier assigned by the AP to the first subchannel.
  • the acknowledgment information carries a subchannel number of the first subchannel
  • the site After receiving the confirmation information of the AP reply, the site further includes:
  • the association request frame carries a random number; correspondingly, the confirmation information is And carrying a random number carried by the target station in the association request frame;
  • the site After receiving the confirmation information of the AP reply, the site further includes:
  • the site receives an association response frame sent by the AP, where the association response frame carries address information of the target site.
  • the station determines, according to the address information of the target site carried in the association response frame, whether the site is a target site, and the target site is a site that successfully obtains the pre-associated identifier.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an access point, including:
  • a first sending module configured to send a random access trigger frame
  • a receiving module configured to receive, on the first subchannel, an association request frame sent by at least one station, where the association request frame is a reply of the station to the random access trigger frame;
  • a second sending module configured to reply the acknowledgment information according to the association request frame, where the acknowledgment information carries a pre-association identifier allocated by the AP to the first subchannel.
  • a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a station, including:
  • a first receiving module configured to receive a random access trigger frame sent by the access point AP
  • a sending module configured to send an association request frame on the first subchannel according to the random access trigger frame
  • the second receiving module is configured to receive the acknowledgment information of the AP reply, where the acknowledgment information carries the pre-association identifier allocated by the AP to the first subchannel.
  • the AP sends a random access trigger frame
  • the STA sends an association request frame on the first subchannel
  • the Pre-AID assigned by the first subchannel is The station that sends the association request frame on the first subchannel can learn the Pre-AID allocated by the AP, so that the STA can obtain the pre-AID before receiving the AID information in the association response frame.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a WLAN network architecture
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for transmitting an association identifier according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of channel timing of a method for transmitting an association identifier provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an M-BA frame in a method for transmitting an association identifier according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an M-BA frame in a method for transmitting an association identifier according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an association request frame in a method for transmitting an association identifier according to the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of information elements of an association request frame in a method for transmitting an association identifier according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a random access trigger frame in a method for transmitting an association identifier according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a random access trigger frame in a method for transmitting an association identifier according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of an access point according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of an access point according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of an access point according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a station provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a station provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a station according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of a station according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of an access point according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment 5 of a station provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 6 of a station provided by the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a WLAN.
  • the standard adopted by the WLAN is the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 series.
  • the WLAN may include a plurality of Basic Service Sets (BSSs), and the network nodes in the basic service set are STAs.
  • BBS may include one AP and multiple STAs.
  • one BBS may include: 1 AP and 3 STAs: STA1, STA2, and STA3.
  • the access point class site AP is also called a wireless access point or hotspot.
  • the AP is an access point for mobile users to enter the wired network. It is mainly deployed in the home, inside the building, and inside the campus. The typical coverage radius is tens of meters to hundreds of meters. Of course, it can also be deployed outdoors.
  • An AP is equivalent to a bridge connecting a wired network and a wireless network. Its main function is to connect the wireless network clients together and then connect the wireless network to the Ethernet.
  • the AP may be a terminal device or a network device with a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) chip.
  • the AP may be a device supporting the 802.11ax system. Further, the AP may be a device supporting multiple WLAN technologies such as 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a.
  • the STA may support the 802.11ax system. Further optionally, the STA supports multiple WLAN systems such as 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a.
  • the AP can perform uplink and downlink transmissions to multiple different STAs on different time-frequency resources.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for transmitting an association identifier according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the method includes:
  • the AP sends a random access trigger frame.
  • the AP sends a random access trigger frame by broadcasting.
  • the STA After receiving the random access trigger frame, the STA sends an association request frame on the first subchannel. That is, the association request frame is a reply of the station to the random access trigger frame described above.
  • the AP receives the association request frame on the first subchannel. Specifically, the AP may receive an association request frame sent by at least one station on the first subchannel.
  • the random access trigger frame triggers the STA to send an association request frame.
  • the foregoing first subchannel may allocate any subchannel for random access for the AP.
  • the STA randomly selects a subchannel for random access according to the random access trigger frame and sends an association request frame. More specifically, the AP may indicate the subchannel information in the random access trigger frame, and the STA may obtain the subchannel information after receiving the random access trigger frame, and then select a subchannel for the random access to send the association request frame.
  • the AP may divide a certain bandwidth to obtain multiple subchannels, and allocate the subchannels for random access. For example, the AP can divide the 20 MHz channel into 9 subchannels, allowing simultaneous communication with 9 STAs.
  • both STA1 and STA2 select subchannel 7, and simultaneously transmit an association request frame to the AP.
  • the AP returns the confirmation information according to the association request frame.
  • the acknowledgment information carries a pre-association identifier (Pre-AID) assigned by the AP to the first subchannel.
  • Pre-AID pre-association identifier
  • the acknowledgement information may be an Acknowledgement (ACK) frame or a Multi User BA (M-BA) frame. It should be noted that if the acknowledgment information is an ACK frame, only the information of the station that successfully acquires the Pre-AID is carried in the ACK frame, for example, carrying the MAC address information of the target station. If it is an M-BA frame, it may carry information of the at least one station that transmits the association request frame on the first subchannel.
  • ACK Acknowledgement
  • M-BA Multi User BA
  • the AP may reply the acknowledgement information on the entire channel, but it is not limited thereto, and other manners of replying the acknowledgement information may be adopted, as long as the STA can know that the Pre-AID is based on the Pre-AID carried in the acknowledgement information.
  • the AP may be the Pre-AID assigned to the first subchannel.
  • the Pre-AID is allocated by the AP for the first subchannel, and is used to schedule, at a subsequent process, the station that sends the association request frame on the first subchannel to receive the association response frame.
  • the Pre-AIDs assigned to different subchannels may be identified by different binary identifiers, for example, "0000010" may be used to identify the Pre-AID assigned to the first subchannel.
  • the number of bits used to identify the "Pre-AID” is not limited, and may be any number of bits from 1 to 14 bits, for example, 7 or 11 bits that are commonly used.
  • the AP may reserve a part of the AID that has not been allocated in the low MAC entity. Used to perform pre-AID allocation on the first subchannel of the transmission association request frame. If the number of bits of the AID allocated by the Pre-AID and the AP in the association response frame is different, the AP may allocate a certain number of un-allocated pre-AIDs in the low MAC entity for transmitting the association request frame. The first subchannel performs pre-AID allocation.
  • the AP sends a random access trigger frame, and after receiving the random access trigger frame, the STA sends an association request frame on the first subchannel, and the AP returns the acknowledgement information according to the association request frame, and in the confirmation information, Carrying the Pre-AID allocated by the AP to the first subchannel, the AP reconciles the acknowledgment information according to the association request frame sent by the STA on the first subchannel, and carries the Pre- allocated for the first subchannel in the acknowledgment information.
  • the AID so that the station that sends the association request frame on the first subchannel can learn the Pre-AID allocated by the AP, so that the STA can obtain the pre-AID before receiving the AID information in the association response frame.
  • the confirmation information may further carry a subchannel number of the first subchannel.
  • the station may determine whether it is the target site according to the subchannel number carried in the confirmation information, and the target site refers to the site that successfully obtains the Pre-AID. That is, if the subchannel number carried in the station discovery confirmation information is the same as the subchannel number corresponding to the subchannel on which the user selects to send the association request frame, the station considers itself to be the target station.
  • the subchannel number of the first subchannel carried in the confirmation information can be confirmed as the target site, if there are multiple sites in the first
  • the association request frame is sent on a subchannel, and then the multiple sites further confirm whether they are the target site based on other information.
  • the association request frame carries a random number, that is, when the STA sends the association request frame to the AP, the STA carries the random number in the association request frame, and when multiple STAs send the association request frame to the AP in the same subchannel, The random numbers carried are very different in probability.
  • the acknowledgment information carries the random number carried by the target station in the association request frame, that is, the target station carrying the random number in the association request frame successfully acquires the AP and assigns the first sub-subs The Pre-AID of the channel.
  • the target site is the site that successfully obtains the Pre-AID in at least one of the above sites.
  • the site may determine whether the site is the target site according to the random number carried in the association request by the target station carried in the acknowledgement information.
  • the station can further determine whether it is the target station according to the subchannel number, and further determine according to the random number. If there is no subchannel number in the acknowledgment information, the station can directly perform the random number according to the random number. confirm.
  • STA1 and STA2 both send an association request frame to the AP on the subchannel 7, and the association request frame sent by the STA1 carries the random number 0101.
  • the association request frame sent by the STA2 carries the random number 0110, and the AP replies.
  • the acknowledgment information carries the random number 0101, indicating that the STA1 competes successfully to obtain the Pre-AID carried in the above confirmation information.
  • the method further includes: the AP sending an association response frame, where the association response frame may include address information of the target station.
  • the association response carries the receiving address, that is, the address of the target station, and the address information may be a medium access control (MAC) address.
  • MAC medium access control
  • the Pre-AID is allocated by the AP for the first sub-channel, and the station that sends the association request frame on the first sub-channel is scheduled to receive the association response frame in the subsequent process.
  • the station that sends the association request frame on the first sub-channel is scheduled to receive the association response frame in the subsequent process.
  • STA1 and STA2 are scheduled to receive the association response frame.
  • the association response frame carries address information of the target site.
  • the association response carries a receiving address, that is, an address of the target site, and the address information may be a MAC address. That is, the address information is used to inform the station which station successfully obtains the Pre-AID assigned by the AP to the first subchannel.
  • the Pre-AID is allocated by the AP for the first sub-channel, and the station that sends the association request frame on the first sub-channel is scheduled to receive the association response frame in the subsequent process.
  • the station that sends the association request frame on the first sub-channel is scheduled to receive the association response frame in the subsequent process.
  • STA1 and STA2 are scheduled to receive the association response frame.
  • the address information of the target site carried in the frame determines whether the site is the target site, that is, if the receiving address carried in the association response frame and the site's own MAC address The same, the site is the target site.
  • the target site is the site that successfully obtains the Pre-AID in at least one of the above sites.
  • the target station after receiving the association response frame, the target station sends an Acknowledgement (ACK) frame to the AP. That is, after receiving the association response frame, if the receiving address carried in the associated response frame is the same as its own MAC address, the ACK frame is returned to the AP.
  • ACK Acknowledgement
  • the confirmation information is an M-BA frame
  • at least one BA information may be carried in the M-BA frame.
  • the at least one BA information is in one-to-one correspondence with the at least one site.
  • the AP can reply to the M-BA frame on the entire channel.
  • the M-BA frame includes a "BA information" field, and the BA information field may carry at least one BA information.
  • FIG. 4 takes one of the BA information as an example, and each of the BA information may include: A per traffic identifier (per-TID Info) field.
  • the Pre-AID described above is carried in the "per-TID Info" subfield.
  • the BA information corresponding to the first site in the M-BA frame may further include: The Start Sequence Control subfield and the "bitmap" subfield use the "bitmap" subfield to identify that the associated request frame was not received correctly.
  • the above first site may refer to any of the at least one of the above sites.
  • the BA information corresponding to the first station in the M-BA frame does not need to carry the "BA Start Sequence Control" subfield and the "bitmap” subfield.
  • the foregoing method may not be limited to the association request frame, and may also identify other data or information that the AP does not correctly receive through the “bitmap” subfield.
  • one bit is used in the M-BA frame to indicate whether the "BA start sequence control subfield and the bitmap subfield" are carried.
  • the 11th bit of the BA information corresponding to each station in the M-BA frame is used.
  • the bit “1” indicates “the BA start sequence control subfield and the bitmap subfield are not carried”; the “0” indicates “the BA start sequence control subfield and the bitmap subfield are carried”.
  • the last 4 bits of the "Per-TID Info” field are the "TID value” field, where the values of 0100, 0101, 0110, and 0111 are reserved values, and one of the four reserved values may be used to identify a certain one. A specific value.
  • the last 4 bits in the "Per-TID Info” field can be a special bit.
  • a fixed value, such as 0000 or 1111, is used to indicate that bits 0 through 10 are "pre-AID Info” bits.
  • the 11th bit in the "per-TID Info” field is 1 (indicating that the "BA start sequence control subfield and the bitmap subfield" are not carried), and the last 4 bits are specific values, both conditions are satisfied, indicating 0th to 10 bits are "pre-AID Info” bits.
  • the M-BA frame carries a random number, specifically, the "TID value” field in the "per-TID Info” subfield.
  • the four values 0100, 0101, 0110, and 0111 are the reserved values of the "TID value” field, and the random number may be any one of the four reserved values.
  • the 0th to 6th bits are "pre-AID Info" bits, and the 8th to 11th bits indicate "subchannel number”. It should be noted that the AP may allocate a formal AID to the STA in the association response frame.
  • the random number is not required, as shown in FIG. 4, the 0th to 10th bits are “pre-AID Info” bits, and if the 11-bit information bit is not already allocated with the AP, If the AID conflicts, the AP allocates the 11-bit information to the STA as the official AID in the association response frame. If it conflicts with an existing AID, the AP will reassign the new AID to the STA.
  • the association request frame may be a management frame in the MAC frame, wherein the information to be carried is in the "Frame body" field of the MAC frame structure.
  • the association request frame includes: an information element part and a non-information element part, wherein the non-information element part is fixedly existed and fixed in the association request frame, and mainly includes a “capability” field and a “listening interval” (listen) Interval)” field, the length of these two fields is fixed, and is located in the beginning of the "Frame body” field in two fields; as shown in Figure 7, the information element part includes: "Element ID (Element ID)" field, " The Length field and the Information field.
  • a plurality of information elements may be included in the association request frame, and different information elements may be distinguished by the "element ID" subfield.
  • the above random number may be carried in the information element part or in the non-information element part.
  • the reserved value in the existing "Element ID” field for example, any one of 222 to 254 may be used.
  • the "Length” field indicates the length of the "Information” field, for example, the length indicated here is 1 byte.
  • the "Information” field indicates a random number, and the value of the specific random number may be indicated by any part or all of the 8 bits. For example, the first 4 bits, or the last 4 bits, are used to indicate a random number of 4 bits in length, and the remaining bits are reserved. Or use all 8 bits to indicate a random number of 8 bits in length.
  • the third field may be located before the "capability” field, or the third field may be located in "capability" between the field and the "listen interval” field, or the third field may be located after the "listen interval” field, in particular, some or all of the 8 bits in the third field may be used to indicate the random number. For example, the first 4 bits, or the last 4 bits, are used to indicate a random number of 4 bits in length, and the remaining bits are reserved. Or use all 8 bits to indicate a random number of 8 bits in length.
  • the type of the random access trigger frame may be a management frame, a control frame, or a specific frame type in the MAC frame.
  • the random access trigger frame is a control frame
  • the "type" in the MAC header is identified as "01”
  • the random access trigger frame is identified as a control frame.
  • 0000-0011 in the control frame is a reserved value.
  • one of the four reserved values may be used to indicate that the frame is a trigger frame, and a reserved value may also be used to indicate that the frame is a random access trigger frame. It is also possible to use a reserved value to indicate that the frame contains a trigger frame and a random access trigger frame. For example, 0011 indicates that the frame is a trigger frame, 0010 indicates that the frame is a random access trigger frame, and 0001 indicates that the frame includes information of a trigger frame and a random access trigger frame.
  • the "type” in the MAC header is identified as "00", and the random access trigger frame is identified as a management frame. Since the "subtype" field of the management frame is almost already occupied, it can be represented by an “action” frame subclass. Specifically, since the AP sends the random access trigger frame immediately after receiving the uplink association request frame, the random access trigger frame does not need to reply to the Ack, so the "subtype” field herein selects the subtype of "Action No Ack" of 1110. As shown in FIG. 8, the structure of the "function” frame includes: a "category” subfield and an "action details” subfield, specifically, the "category” subfield and the “action details” subfield.
  • the "category” subfield is used to identify which class the "function" frame belongs to, specifically 256 types are identified by 8 bits, of which 21-125 are reserved values. For example, “21” identifies the trigger frame, "22” identifies the random access trigger frame, and "23” identifies the information including the trigger frame and the random access trigger frame.
  • the random access trigger frame may also be a specific frame type, specifically, the random access trigger frame
  • the type can be a trigger frame.
  • the "11" in the MAC header is a reserved value. It can be used to identify the individual frame type. In the "subtype" field, 0000-1111 is reserved. You can select one of the trigger frames.
  • the Trigger Frame for Random Access may be in a format consistent with the normal trigger frame.
  • the random access trigger frame includes multiple
  • the public information field may include: a public information field of a random access trigger type, a common information of a common trigger type, and a public information field of other trigger types, and a common public information field carries a flag type. And identifying a type of the public information field, for example, a public information field that identifies the public information field as a random access trigger type.
  • the station After receiving the random access trigger frame, the station can know that the "Common Info" field includes several pieces of "Common Info” or contains several common information of the trigger frame, so that The information of each field is solved in turn.
  • the random access trigger frame includes: a "Frame Control (FC)” field, a “Duration” field, an "A2” field, and a “Common Info” field. , “Per User Info” field - User N information (Per User Info) field, and Frame Check Sequence (FCS) field.
  • the "A2” field may be a "transmitter address (TA)” field.
  • the random access trigger frame may further include an “A1” field, and the “A1” field may be “receiver address (RA)”, and may not carry the “A1” field.
  • a public information field of a random access trigger type is taken as an example for description.
  • the public information field of the random access trigger type includes: a common information type (TF Info) subfield, a "random access trigger type public information (TFR Info)” subfield, ..., “other The "TFR Info” subfield of the trigger type is used as an example.
  • the "TFR Info” subfield includes the "trigger frame type identifier" (TF type ID). Sub-field, "resource unit information (RU Info)” subfield, "type of random access (Type of RA)” subfield, "Pre-AID Info” subfield.
  • resource allocation information for random access may also be included.
  • the resource allocation information may be carried in the “RU Info” subfield.
  • the resource allocation information can be used to indicate subchannel allocation information.
  • the STA sends the association request frame according to the random access trigger frame on the first subchannel, where the STA may select the first subchannel according to the resource allocation information in the random access trigger frame, and send the first subchannel on the first subchannel. Associate request frame.
  • the TFR Info subfield of the common info field may also include a subtype for random access, such as a buffer report/bandwidth request, an association request, and a power saving poll.
  • a subtype for random access such as a buffer report/bandwidth request, an association request, and a power saving poll.
  • Subtypes such as ps-poll) and packet data.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of an access point according to the present invention.
  • the access point includes: a first sending module 110, a receiving module 111, and a second sending module 112.
  • the first sending module 110 is configured to send a random access trigger frame.
  • the receiving module 111 is configured to receive, on the first subchannel, an association request frame sent by at least one station, where the association request frame is a reply of the station to the random access trigger frame.
  • the second sending module 112 is configured to reply the acknowledgement information according to the association request frame, where the acknowledgement information carries the pre-association identifier allocated by the AP to the first subchannel.
  • the AP sends a random access trigger frame, and after receiving the random access trigger frame, the STA sends an association request frame on the first subchannel, and the AP returns the acknowledgement information according to the association request frame, and in the confirmation information, Carrying the Pre-AID allocated by the AP to the first subchannel, the AP reconciles the acknowledgment information according to the association request frame sent by the STA on the first subchannel, and carries the Pre- allocated for the first subchannel in the acknowledgment information.
  • the AID so that the station that sends the association request frame on the first subchannel can learn the Pre-AID allocated by the AP, so that the STA can obtain the pre-AID before receiving the AID information in the association response frame.
  • the confirmation information carries the subchannel number of the first subchannel.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of an access point according to the present invention.
  • the access point further includes: a third sending module 113.
  • the association request frame carries a random number; correspondingly, the confirmation information further carries a random number carried by the target station in the association request frame; accordingly,
  • the third sending module 113 is configured to send an association response frame after the second sending module 112 returns the acknowledgement information according to the association request frame, where the association response frame carries the target station.
  • the address information of the point; the target site is a site in the at least one site that successfully acquires the pre-associated identifier.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of an access point according to the present invention.
  • the access point further includes: a fourth sending module 114.
  • the fourth sending module 114 is configured to send an association response frame after the second sending module returns the confirmation information according to the association request frame, where the association response frame carries the address of the target station.
  • the target site is a site in the at least one site that successfully obtains the pre-association identifier.
  • the acknowledgement information is an acknowledgement ACK frame, or the multi-user block confirms the M-BA frame.
  • the M-BA frame carries at least one BA information, where the at least one BA information is in one-to-one correspondence with the at least one site, and each BA information includes :per-TID Info subfield.
  • the BA information corresponding to the first station in the M-BA frame further includes: BA start sequence control Subfield and Bitmap subfields.
  • the type of the random access trigger frame is a management frame or a control frame.
  • the type of the random access triggering frame is a triggering frame
  • the random access triggering frame includes: a public information field of a random access triggering type
  • the public information field of the random access triggering includes a type An identifier bit
  • the type identifier bit is used to identify a random access trigger type.
  • the type of the random access triggering frame is a triggering frame, and the common information field of the random access triggering type further includes: resource allocation information, where the resource allocation information is used to indicate subchannel allocation information.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a station according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 13, the station includes: a first receiving module 130, a sending module 131, and a second receiving module 132.
  • the first receiving module 130 is configured to receive a random access trigger frame sent by the access point AP.
  • the sending module 131 is configured to send an association request frame on the first subchannel according to the random access trigger frame.
  • the second receiving module 132 is configured to receive confirmation information of the AP reply, where the confirmation The information carries a pre-association identifier assigned by the AP to the first subchannel.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a station according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 14 , on the basis of FIG. 13 , the first confirmation module 133 is further included.
  • the acknowledgement information carries the subchannel number of the first subchannel; correspondingly,
  • the first confirmation module 133 is configured to determine, according to the subchannel number of the first subchannel carried in the acknowledgement information, whether the site is The target site is a site that successfully acquires the pre-association identifier.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a station according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 15, on the basis of FIG. 13, the second confirmation module 134 and the third receiving module 135 are further included.
  • the second confirmation module 134 is configured to determine, according to the random number carried in the association request frame, that the target station carries the acknowledgment information of the AP reply after the second receiving module 132 Whether the site is the target site, and the target site is a site that successfully acquires the pre-associated identifier.
  • the third receiving module 135 is configured to receive an association response frame sent by the AP, where the association response frame carries address information of the target station.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of a station according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 16, on the basis of FIG. 13, the third confirmation module 136 and the fourth receiving module 137 are further included.
  • the fourth receiving module 137 is configured to: after the second receiving module 132 receives the acknowledgement information of the AP reply, receive an association response frame sent by the AP, where the association response frame carries the address information of the target site.
  • the third confirmation module 136 is configured to determine, according to the address information of the target site carried in the association response frame, whether the site is a target site, where the target site is a site that successfully obtains the pre-associated identifier.
  • the acknowledgement information is an acknowledgement ACK frame, or the multi-user block confirms the M-BA frame.
  • the second receiving module 132 is specifically configured to receive the M-BA frame that is replied by the AP, where the M-BA frame carries at least one BA information;
  • a BA information includes a BA information corresponding to the site, and the BA information includes: a per-TID Info subfield.
  • the BA information corresponding to the site further includes: a BA start sequence control subfield and a bitmap base field.
  • the type of the random access trigger frame is a management frame or a control frame.
  • the type of the random access triggering frame is a triggering frame
  • the random access triggering frame includes: a public information field of a random access triggering type
  • the public information field of the random access triggering includes a type An identifier bit
  • the type identifier bit is used to identify a random access trigger type.
  • the common information field of the random access trigger type further includes: resource allocation information, where the resource allocation information is used to indicate subchannel allocation information; and correspondingly, the sending module 131 is specifically configured to trigger according to the random access.
  • the resource allocation information in the frame selects the first subchannel and transmits an association request frame on the first subchannel.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of an access point according to the present invention.
  • the access point includes: a transmitter 701 and a receiver 702.
  • the transmitter and receiver may be, for example, physical devices such as antennas.
  • the transmitter 701 is configured to send a random access trigger frame
  • the receiver 702 is configured to receive, on the first subchannel, an association request frame sent by the at least one station, where the association request frame is a site to the random access trigger frame. Reply.
  • the transmitter 701 is further configured to: reply to the acknowledgment information according to the association request frame, where the acknowledgment information carries a pre-association identifier allocated by the AP to the first subchannel.
  • the acknowledgement information carries a subchannel number of the first subchannel.
  • the association request frame carries a random number; correspondingly, the confirmation information further carries a random number carried by the target station in the association request frame;
  • the transmitter 701 is further configured to: after the acknowledgment information is returned according to the association request frame, send an association response frame, where the association response frame carries address information of the target station; the target site is in the at least one site The site that successfully obtained the pre-association ID.
  • the transmitter 701 is further configured to: after the acknowledgment information is returned according to the association request frame, send an association response frame, where the association response frame carries the target Address information of the site; the target site is a site in the at least one site that successfully acquires the pre-association identifier.
  • the confirmation information is an acknowledgment ACK frame, or an M-BA frame.
  • the M-BA frame carries at least one BA information, where the at least one BA information is in one-to-one correspondence with the at least one site, and each BA information includes: -TID Info subfield;
  • the BA information corresponding to the first site in the M-BA frame further includes: BA start sequence control Subfield and Bitmap subfields.
  • the type of the random access trigger frame is a management frame or a control frame.
  • the type of the random access triggering frame is a triggering frame, and the random access triggering frame includes: a public information field of a random access triggering type, where the public information field triggered by the random access includes a type identifier bit, and the type The flag bit is used to identify the random access trigger type.
  • the common information field of the random access trigger type further includes: resource allocation information, where the resource allocation information is used to indicate subchannel allocation information.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 5 of a station provided by the present invention. As shown in FIG. 18, the station includes: a receiver 801 and a transmitter 802.
  • the receiver 801 is configured to receive a random access trigger frame sent by the access point AP.
  • the transmitter 802 is configured to send an association request frame on the first subchannel according to the random access trigger frame.
  • the receiver 801 is configured to receive the acknowledgement information of the AP reply, where the acknowledgement information carries the pre-associated identifier allocated by the AP to the first subchannel.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 6 of a station according to the present invention. On the basis of FIG. 18, the station further includes: a processor 803.
  • the acknowledgment information carries the subchannel number of the first subchannel.
  • the processor 803 is configured to determine, according to the subchannel number of the first subchannel carried in the acknowledgment information, whether the site is The target site is a site that successfully acquires the pre-association identifier.
  • association request frame carries a random number; correspondingly, in the confirmation information It also carries the random number carried by the target site in the association request frame.
  • the processor 803 is configured to determine, according to the random number carried in the association request frame that is carried in the acknowledgment information, whether the site is the target site, where the target site successfully acquires the pre-association The identified site.
  • the receiver 801 is further configured to receive an association response frame sent by the AP, where the association response frame carries address information of the target station.
  • the receiver 801 is further configured to receive an association response frame sent by the AP, where the association response frame carries address information of the target station.
  • the processor 803 is configured to determine, according to the address information of the target site carried in the association response frame, whether the site is a target site, where the target site is a site that successfully acquires the pre-associated identifier.
  • the acknowledgment information is an acknowledgment ACK frame, or the multi-user block acknowledges the M-BA frame.
  • the receiver 801 is specifically configured to receive an M-BA frame that is returned by the AP, where the M-BA frame carries at least one BA information, where the at least one BA information Included in the BA information, the BA information includes: a per-TID Info subfield; if the AP does not correctly receive the association request frame sent by the station, the site corresponds to The BA information also includes: a BA start sequence control subfield and a bit map subfield.
  • the type of the random access trigger frame is a management frame or a control frame.
  • the type of the random access triggering frame is a triggering frame, and the random access triggering frame includes: a public information field of a random access triggering type, where the public information field triggered by the random access includes a type identifier bit, and the type The flag bit is used to identify the random access trigger type.
  • the common information field of the random access trigger type further includes: resource allocation information, where the resource allocation information is used to indicate subchannel allocation information; and correspondingly, the transmitter 802 is specifically used in the random access trigger frame.
  • the resource allocation information selects a first subchannel and transmits an association request frame on the first subchannel.
  • the storage medium includes: a medium that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种关联标识的传输方法及装置，该方法包括：AP发送随机接入触发帧，STA接收到随机接入触发帧后在第一子信道上发送关联请求帧，AP根据该关联请求帧回复确认信息，并在该确认信息中携带AP为第一子信道分配的Pre-AID，从而实现了STA在接收到关联响应帧中的AID信息之前可以先获取到pre-AID。

Description

关联标识的传输方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信技术，尤其涉及一种关联标识的传输方法及装置。
背景技术
接入点(Access Point，简称AP)与站点(Station，简称STA)通信之前，需要进行关联交互，即STA向AP发送关联请求，AP向STA回复关联响应帧，交互完成后，STA成功关联上AP，进而可以与关联的AP进行信息传输。采用802.11ax之前的无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Network，简称WLAN)标准，关联请求和关联响应帧在整个带宽的信道上发送。
目前，802.11ax标准中，为了提升吞吐量，引入了正交频分多址(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access，简称OFDMA)技术，即AP需要同时与多个STA进行传输，这些STA的上行和下行传输都需要听从AP的调度，因而AP需要在关联过程中给每个STA分配关联标识(Association Identifier，简称AID)，将资源分配信息通过AID进行区分，发送给相应的STA。更具体地，STA与AP完成关联前，STA无法获得AID，因此关联响应帧需要通过预关联标识(pre-AID)实现发送关联请求的STA与AP之间的信息交互。
但是，现有技术中，针对802.11ax标准中引入的OFDMA技术，并没有pre-AID的分配方法。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种关联标识的传输方法及装置，用于解决现有技术针对OFDMA技术没有pre-AID的相关分配方法的问题。
本发明实施例第一方面提供关联标识的传输方法，包括：
接入点AP发送随机接入触发帧；
所述AP在第一子信道上接收至少一个站点发送的关联请求帧，所述关联请求帧是站点对所述随机接入触发帧的回复；
所述AP根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息，其中，所述确认信息中携带有所述AP为所述第一子信道分配的预关联标识。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种可能的实施方式中，所述确认信息中携带所述第一子信道的子信道号。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实施方式，在第一方面的第二种可能的实施方式中，所述关联请求帧中携带有随机数；相应地，所述确认信息中还携带有目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数；
所述AP根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息之后，还包括：
所述AP发送关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息；所述目标站点为所述至少一个站点中成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实施方式，在第一方面的第三种可能的实施方式中，所述AP根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息之后，还包括：
所述AP发送关联响应帧，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息，所述目标站点为所述至少一个站点中成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
本发明实施例第二方面提供一种关联标识的传输方法，包括：
站点接收接入点AP发送的随机接入触发帧；
所述站点根据所述随机接入触发帧在第一子信道发送关联请求帧；
所述站点接收所述AP回复的确认信息，其中，所述确认信息中携带有所述AP为所述第一子信道分配的预关联标识。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种可能的实施方式中，所述确认信息中携带所述第一子信道的子信道号；
所述站点接收所述AP回复的确认信息之后，还包括：
所述站点根据所述确认信息中携带的所述第一子信道的子信道号确定所述站点是否为所述目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种可能的实施方式，在第二方面的第二种可能的实施方式中，所述关联请求帧中携带有随机数；相应地，所述确认信息中还携带有目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数；
所述站点接收所述AP回复的确认信息之后，还包括：
所述站点根据所述确认信息中携带的所述目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数，确定所述站点是否为所述目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点；
所述站点接收所述AP发送的关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带所述目标站点的地址信息。
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种可能的实施方式，在第二方面的第三种可能的实施方式中，所述站点接收所述AP回复的确认信息之后，还包括：
所述站点接收所述AP发送的关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息；
所述站点根据所述关联响应帧中携带的目标站点的地址信息确定所述站点是否为目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
本发明实施例第三方面提供一种接入点，包括：
第一发送模块，用于发送随机接入触发帧；
接收模块，用于在第一子信道上接收至少一个站点发送的关联请求帧，所述关联请求帧是站点对所述随机接入触发帧的回复；
第二发送模块，用于根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息，其中，所述确认信息中携带有所述AP为所述第一子信道分配的预关联标识。
本发明实施例第四方面提供一种站点，包括：
第一接收模块，用于接收接入点AP发送的随机接入触发帧；
发送模块，用于根据所述随机接入触发帧在第一子信道发送关联请求帧；
第二接收模块，用于接收所述AP回复的确认信息，其中，所述确认信息中携带有所述AP为所述第一子信道分配的预关联标识。
本发明实施例提供的关联标识的传输方法及装置，AP发送随机接入触发帧，STA接收到上述随机接入触发帧后在第一子信道上发送关联请求帧，AP根据该关联请求帧回复确认信息，并在该确认信息中携带上述AP为第一子信道分配的Pre-AID，实现了AP根据STA在第一子信道上发送的关联请求帧回复确认信息，并在确认信息中携带为该第一子信道分配的Pre-AID，以 使在该第一子信道上发送关联请求帧的站点可以获知AP分配的Pre-AID，从而实现了STA在接收到关联响应帧中的AID信息之前可以先获取到pre-AID。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为WLAN网络架构示意图；
图2为本发明提供的关联标识的传输方法实施例一的流程示意图；
图3为本发明提供的关联标识的传输方法的信道时序示意图；
图4为本发明提供的关联标识的传输方法中M-BA帧的结构示意图；
图5为本发明提供的关联标识的传输方法中M-BA帧的结构示意图；
图6为本发明提供的关联标识的传输方法中关联请求帧的结构示意图；
图7为本发明提供的关联标识的传输方法中关联请求帧的信息元素结构示意图；
图8为本发明提供的关联标识的传输方法中随机接入触发帧的结构示意图；
图9为本发明提供的关联标识的传输方法中随机接入触发帧的结构示意图；
图10为本发明提供的接入点实施例一的结构示意图；
图11为本发明提供的接入点实施例二的结构示意图；
图12为本发明提供的接入点实施例三的结构示意图；
图13为本发明提供的站点实施例一的结构示意图；
图14为本发明提供的站点实施例二的结构示意图；
图15为本发明提供的站点实施例三的结构示意图；
图16为本发明提供的站点实施例四的结构示意图；
图17为本发明提供的接入点实施例四的结构示意图；
图18为本发明提供的站点实施例五的结构示意图；
图19为本发明提供的站点实施例六的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例可以应用于WLAN，目前WLAN采用的标准为电气和电子工程师协会(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers，简称IEEE)802.11系列。WLAN可以包括多个基本服务集(Basic Service Set，简称BSS)，基本服务集中的网络节点为STA。一个BBS可以包括一个AP和多个STA，举例说明，如图1所示，一个BBS中可以包括：1个AP和3个STA：STA1、STA2、STA3。
接入点类站点AP，也称之为无线访问接入点或热点等。AP是移动用户进入有线网络的接入点，主要部署于家庭、大楼内部以及园区内部，典型覆盖半径为几十米至上百米，当然，也可以部署于户外。AP相当于一个连接有线网和无线网的桥梁，其主要作用是将各个无线网络客户端连接到一起，然后将无线网络接入以太网。具体地，AP可以是带有无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，简称WiFi)芯片的终端设备或者网络设备。可选地，AP可以为支持802.11ax制式的设备，进一步可选地，该AP可以为支持802.11ac、802.11n、802.11g、802.11b及802.11a等多种WLAN制式的设备。
可选地，STA可以支持802.11ax制式，进一步可选地，该STA支持802.11ac、802.11n、802.11g、802.11b及802.11a等多种WLAN制式。
引入OFDMA技术后的WLAN系统802.11ax中，AP可以在不同的时频资源上给多个不同的STA进行上下行传输。
图2为本发明提供的关联标识的传输方法实施例一的流程示意图，如图2所示，该方法包括：
S101、AP发送随机接入触发帧。
具体地，AP通过广播发送随机接入触发帧。
S102、STA接收到上述随机接入触发帧后在第一子信道上发送关联请求帧。即关联请求帧是站点对上述随机接入触发帧的回复。
相应地，AP在第一子信道上接收到该关联请求帧。具体地，AP可以在第一子信道上接收至少一个站点发送的关联请求帧。
即上述随机接入触发帧会触发STA发送关联请求帧。
需要说明的是上述第一子信道可以为AP分配用于随机接入的任意一个子信道。STA接收到随机接入触发帧后随机后，根据随机接入触发帧选择一个用于随机接入的子信道后发送关联请求帧。更具体地，AP可以在随机接入触发帧中指示子信道信息，STA接收到随机接入触发帧后可以获知子信道信息，进而选择一个用于随机接入的子信道发送关联请求帧。
其中，AP可以对一定带宽进行划分得到多个子信道，并将这些子信道分配用于随机接入。举例说明，AP可以将20MHz的信道划分为9个子信道，允许与9个STA同时通信。
参照图3，假设STA1和STA2都选择子信道7，并同时向上述AP发送关联请求帧。
S103、AP根据该关联请求帧回复确认信息。该确认信息中携带上述AP为第一子信道分配的预关联标识(Pre-AID)。
该确认信息可以为确认(Acknowledgement，简称ACK)帧，或者，多用户块确认(Multi User BA，简称M-BA)帧。需要说明的是，如果确认信息为ACK帧，则该ACK帧中只携带成功获取上述Pre-AID的站点的信息，例如携带目标站点的MAC地址信息。如果是M-BA帧，可以携带在上述第一子信道上发送关联请求帧的上述至少一个站点的信息。
需要说明的是AP可以在整个信道上回复确认信息，但并不以此为限，也可以采用其它回复确认信息的方式，只要STA可以根据确认信息中携带的Pre-AID知道该Pre-AID是AP为第一子信道分配的Pre-AID即可。
该Pre-AID是AP针对该第一子信道分配的，用于在后续过程中调度在该第一子信道上发送关联请求帧的站点进行关联响应帧的接收。分配给不同子信道的Pre-AID可以用不同的二进制标识进行标识，例如可以用“0000010”标识分配给第一子信道的Pre-AID。这里用于标识“Pre-AID”的比特位数不做限定，可以为1～14位的任意比特数，例如常用的7位或11位。
需要说明的是，如果Pre-AID与AP在关联响应帧中为STA分配的AID的比特位数相同，则AP可以通过在低MAC实体(low MAC entity)中预留部分尚没有分配的AID，用于对发送关联请求帧的第一子信道进行pre-AID分配。如果Pre-AID与AP在关联响应帧中为STA分配的AID的比特位数不同，则AP可以通过在low MAC entity中分配一定数目的尚未分配的pre-AID，用于对发送关联请求帧的第一子信道进行pre-AID分配。
本实施例中，AP发送随机接入触发帧，STA接收到上述随机接入触发帧后在第一子信道上发送关联请求帧，AP根据该关联请求帧回复确认信息，并在该确认信息中携带上述AP为第一子信道分配的Pre-AID，实现了AP根据STA在第一子信道上发送的关联请求帧回复确认信息，并在确认信息中携带为该第一子信道分配的Pre-AID，以使在该第一子信道上发送关联请求帧的站点可以获知AP分配的Pre-AID，从而实现了STA在接收到关联响应帧中的AID信息之前可以先获取到pre-AID。
在上述实施例的基础上，上述确认信息中还可以携带上述第一子信道的子信道号(subchannel number)。相应地，站点在接收到AP回复的确认信息后，可以根据该确认信息中携带的子信道号确定自己是否是目标站点，该目标站点指成功获取上述Pre-AID的站点。即如果站点发现确认信息中携带的子信道号与自己选择发送关联请求帧的子信道对应的子信道号相同，那么该站点认为自己就是目标站点。
当然，如果之前只有一个站点在第一子信道上发送关联请求帧，那么根据确认信息中携带的第一子信道的子信道号就可以确认该站点为目标站点，如果之前有多个站点在第一子信道上发送关联请求帧，那么这多个站点后续还会根据其它信息进一步确认自己是否是目标站点。
第一种情况下：上述关联请求帧中携带有随机数，即STA向AP发送关联请求帧时在关联请求帧中携带随机数，多个STA在同一子信道向AP发送关联请求帧时，所携带的随机数有很大的概率不同。相应地，AP向STA回复确认信息时，在确认信息中携带目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数，即在关联请求帧中携带该随机数的目标站点成功获取AP分配给该第一子信道的Pre-AID。
目标站点即为上述至少一个站点中成功获取Pre-AID的站点。
具体地，站点在接收到AP回复的确认信息后，可以根据该确认信息中携带的目标站点在关联请求中携带的随机数，确定该站点是否是目标站点。这里如果确认信息中携带有子信道号，站点可以在根据子信道号确认自己是否是目标站点后，再进一步根据随机数确定，如果确认信息中没有子信道号，站点也可以直接根据随机数进行确认。
以图3为例，例如STA1和STA2均在子信道7上向AP发送关联请求帧，STA1发送的关联请求帧中携带随机数0101，STA2发送的关联请求帧中携带随机数0110，AP回复的确认信息中携带随机数0101，说明STA1竞争成功获取到上述确认信息中携带的Pre-AID。
相应地，在上述S103之后，还包括：AP发送关联响应帧，该关联响应帧中可以包括目标站点的地址信息。其中，关联响应中会携带接收地址，即目标站点的地址，该地址信息可以是媒体接入控制层(medium access control，简称MAC)地址。如果STA1发送的关联请求帧中携带的随机数与STA2发送的关联请求帧中携带的随机数相同，站点还可以进一步地根据关联响应帧中的接收地址确定自己是否是目标站点，即如果关联响应帧中携带的接收地址与该站点自己的MAC地址相同，则该站点是目标站点。
其中，上述Pre-AID是AP针对第一子信道分配的，可以在后续过程中调度在该第一子信道上发送关联请求帧的站点进行关联响应帧的接收，本实施例中，参照图3，可以是调度STA1和STA2进行关联响应帧的接收。
第二种情况下：在上述S103之后，AP发送关联响应帧。该关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息。具体地，关联响应中会携带接收地址，即目标站点的地址，该地址信息可以是MAC地址。即通过地址信息告知站点哪个站点成功获取AP分配给该第一子信道的Pre-AID。
其中，上述Pre-AID是AP针对第一子信道分配的，可以在后续过程中调度在该第一子信道上发送关联请求帧的站点进行关联响应帧的接收，本实施例中，参照图3，可以是调度STA1和STA2进行关联响应帧的接收。
即如果有多个STA在同一子信道上发送关联请求帧，那么这多个STA都会根据Pre-AID在该子信道上进行关联响应帧的接收，在接收到关联响应帧后站点可以根据关联响应帧中携带的目标站点的地址信息确定该站点是否目标站点，即如果关联响应帧中携带的接收地址与该站点自己的MAC地址 相同，则该站点是目标站点。目标站点即为上述至少一个站点中成功获取Pre-AID的站点。
在上述实施例的基础上，上述目标站点在接收到关联响应帧后，向AP发送接收确认(Acknowledgement，简称ACK)帧。即站点接收到关联响应帧后，如果看到关联响应帧中携带的接收地址是与自己的MAC地址相同，则向AP回复ACK帧。
进一步地，如果上述确认信息是M-BA帧，该M-BA帧中可以携带至少一个BA信息。具体地，该至少一个BA信息与上述至少一个站点一一对应。AP可以在整个信道上回复M-BA帧。
具体地，M-BA帧中包括“BA信息(BA information)”字段，该BA information字段可以携带至少一个BA信息，图4以其中一个BA信息为例，每个BA信息中可以包括：“每个业务标识(per traffic identifier，简称per-TID Info)”字段。上述Pre-AID携带在该“per-TID Info”子字段中。
进一步地，参照图4，如果AP未正确接收到上述至少一个站点中第一站点发送的关联请求帧，则上述M-BA帧中该第一站点对应的BA信息中还可以包括：“BA起始序列控制”子字段和“比特图(bitmap)”子字段，采用“bitmap”子字段来标识关联请求帧没有正确接收。上述第一站点可以指上述至少一个站点中的任一站点。
如果AP将正确接收到第一站点发送的关联请求帧，则M-BA帧中第一站点对应的BA信息中无需携带“BA起始序列控制”子字段和“bitmap”子字段。
当然，上述方法可以不局限于关联请求帧，还可以通过“bitmap”子字段标识AP没有正确接收的其它数据或信息。
更具体地，M-BA帧中采用一个比特位来指示是否携带有“BA起始序列控制子字段和bitmap子字段”，一般地，M-BA帧中各站点对应的BA信息中第11比特位为“1”指示“没有携带BA起始序列控制子字段和bitmap子字段”；为“0”指示“携带有BA起始序列控制子字段和bitmap子字段”。
参照图4，“Per-TID Info”字段的后4bit为“TID value”字段，其中0100、0101、0110和0111四个值为预留值，可以采用这四个预留值中的一个标识某一特定值。其中，“Per-TID Info”字段中的后4比特(bit)可以为某一特 定值，例如0000或者1111，用于表示第0至第10比特为“pre-AID Info”比特。当“per-TID Info”字段中第11比特为1(指示没有携带“BA起始序列控制子字段和bitmap子字段”)，且后4bit为特定值两个条件同时满足时，表示第0至10比特为“pre-AID Info”比特。
更进一步地，参照图5，与图4相比，针对上述第一种情况，M-BA帧中要携带随机数，具体地，由“per-TID Info”子字段中的“TID value”字段来指示随机数，0100、0101、0110和0111四个值为“TID value”字段的预留值，随机数可以是这四个预留值中的任意一个。第0至第6比特为“pre-AID Info”比特，第8至第11比特指示“子信道号”。需要说明的是，AP可以在关联响应帧中为STA分配正式的AID。
而针对上述第二种情况，不需要携带随机数，则如图4所示，第0至第10比特为“pre-AID Info”比特，且如果该11位信息比特如果没有与AP已经分配的AID冲突，则AP在关联响应帧中将该11位信息分配给STA作为正式的AID。若与现有已经分配的AID冲突，则AP会重新分配新的AID给该STA。
进一步地，关联请求帧的结构如图6所示，该关联请求帧可以是MAC帧中的管理帧，其中要承载的信息都在MAC帧结构的“帧体(Frame body)”字段。
该关联请求帧包括：信息元素部分和非信息元素部分，其中，非信息元素部分在关联请求帧内是固定存在且位置固定的，主要包含“能力(capability)”字段和“侦听间隔(listen interval)”字段，这两个字段长度是固定的，而且位于“Frame body”字段的开始的两个字段；如图7所示，信息元素部分包括：“元素ID(Element ID)”字段、“长度(Length)”字段和“指示信息(Information)”字段。
更具体地，关联请求帧中可以包括多个信息元素，不同的信息元素可以通过“元素ID”子字段来区分。
上述随机数可以携带在信息元素部分，也可以携带在非信息元素部分。具体实现时，如果将随机数携带在信息元素部分，如图7所示，可以采用现有“Element ID”字段中的保留值，例如222～254中的任一值。另外，“Length”字段指示“Information”字段的长度，例如这里指示长度为1个byte。 “Information”字段指示随机数，具体随机数的值可以采用其中的任意部分或者全部8bit指示。例如采用前4比特，或者后4bit，用于指示长度为4比特的随机数，剩余的保留。或者采用全部的8比特指示长度为8bit的随机数。如果将随机数携带在非信息元素部分，则在“Frame body”字段的第三字段中，采用1byte表示，该第三字段可以位于“capability”字段之前，或者，该第三字段可以位于“capability”字段和“listen interval”字段之间，或者，该第三字段可以位于“listen interval”字段之后，具体地可以采用该第三字段中的部分或者全部8bit指示随机数。例如采用前4比特，或者后4bit，用于指示长度为4比特的随机数，剩余的保留。或者采用全部的8比特指示长度为8bit的随机数。
进一步地，上述随机接入触发帧的类型可以是MAC帧中的管理帧、控制帧，也可以是一种特定帧类型。
(1)当随机接入触发帧为控制帧时，MAC头(Header)中的“类型(type)”标识为“01”，标识该随机接入触发帧为控制帧。控制帧中的0000-0011为预留值，这里可以用这4个预留值中的一个预留值表示该帧为触发帧、还可以用一个预留值表示该帧为随机接入触发帧，也可以用一个预留值表示该帧包含触发帧和随机接入触发帧。例如0011表示该帧为触发帧，0010表示该帧为随机接入触发帧，0001表示该帧包含触发帧和随机接入触发帧的信息。
(2)当随机接入触发帧为管理帧时，MAC Header中的“type”标识为“00”，标识该随机接入触发帧为管理帧。由于管理帧的“子类型(subtype)”字段几乎已经被占用了，所以可以采用“功能(action)”帧子类表示。具体地，由于AP发送随机接入触发帧之后紧跟接收上行关联请求帧，所以随机接入触发帧不需要回复Ack，因此这里的“subtype”字段选择1110的“Action No Ack”的子类型。如图8所示，“功能”帧的结构包括：“类型(category)”子字段和“功能描述(action details)”子字段，具体地，该“category”子字段和“action details”子字段可以承载于“功能”帧的“Frame body”字段。“category”子字段用于标识该“功能”帧属于哪一类，具体地用8bit标识了256种类型，其中21-125为预留值。举例说明，“21”标识触发帧，“22”标识随机接入触发帧，“23”标识包含触发帧和随机接入触发帧的信息。
(3)随机接入触发帧还可以是特定帧类型，具体地，该随机接入触发帧 的类型可以是触发帧，MAC Header中“11”是预留值，可以用来标识这种单独的帧类型，“subtype”字段中0000-1111为预留值，可以任选一个标识触发帧、任选一个标识随机接入触发帧、或者任选一个标识包含触发帧和随机接入触发帧的信息。如果有更多的触发帧类型，则可以延续表示。
具体地，这种情况下随机接入触发帧(Trigger Frame for Random access，简称TF-R)可以采用与普通触发帧一致的格式，参照图9，不同的是，该随机接入触发帧包括多个公共信息字段，具体可以包括：随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段、普通触发类型的公共信息以及其它触发类型的公共信息字段等，不同的公共信息字段中都携带一个标识位(trigger type)，用于标识该公共信息字段的类型，例如标识该公共信息字段为随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段。
站点在接收到这种随机接入触发帧后，只要确定“subtype”字段，就可以知道“Common Info”字段中具体包括几段“Common Info”，或者包含几种trigger frame的公共信息，从而可以依次解出各字段的信息。
如图9所示，该随机接入触发帧包括：“帧控制(Frame Control，简称FC)”字段、“持续时间(Duration)”字段、“A2”字段、“公共信息(Common Info)”字段、“用户1信息(Per User Info)”字段～用户N信息(Per User Info)字段、以及帧校验序列(Frame Check Sequence，简称FCS)字段。“A2”字段可以是“发送地址(transmitter address，简称TA)”字段。参照图3，上述随机接入触发帧还可以包括“A1”字段，该“A1”字段可以是“接收地址(receiver address，简称RA)”，有时候可以不携带“A1”字段。
其中，图9中以一个随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段为例进行说明。该随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段下包括：“普通触发类型的公共信息(TF Info)”子字段、“随机接入触发类型的公共信息(TFR Info)”子字段、……、“其它触发类型的公共信息(TFX Info)”子字段等，以其中“TFR Info”子字段为例，“TFR Info”子字段包括：“触发帧类型标识(trigger frame type identifier，简称TF type ID)”子字段、“资源单元信息(resource unit information，简称RU Info)”子字段、“随机接入类型(type of random access，简称Type of RA)”子字段、“Pre-AID Info”子字段。
在上述随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段中，除了标识位(trigger type) 之外，还可以包括用以随机接入的资源分配信息，具体地资源分配信息可以携带在“RU Info”子字段。该资源分配信息可以用于指示子信道分配信息。
具体地，STA根据随机接入触发帧在第一子信道发送关联请求帧，可以是：STA根据随机接入触发帧中的资源分配信息选择第一子信道，并在该第一子信道上发送关联请求帧。
可选的，“common info”字段的“TFR Info”子字段中还可以包含用于随机接入的子类型(subtype)，例如buffer report/bandwidth request、关联请求、节能轮询(power saving poll，简称ps-poll)、小包数据等子类型。
图10为本发明提供的接入点实施例一的结构示意图，如图10所示，该接入点包括：第一发送模块110、接收模块111和第二发送模块112。
第一发送模块110，用于发送随机接入触发帧。
接收模块111，用于在第一子信道上接收至少一个站点发送的关联请求帧，所述关联请求帧是站点对所述随机接入触发帧的回复。
第二发送模块112，用于根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息，其中，所述确认信息中携带有所述AP为所述第一子信道分配的预关联标识。
本实施例中，AP发送随机接入触发帧，STA接收到上述随机接入触发帧后在第一子信道上发送关联请求帧，AP根据该关联请求帧回复确认信息，并在该确认信息中携带上述AP为第一子信道分配的Pre-AID，实现了AP根据STA在第一子信道上发送的关联请求帧回复确认信息，并在确认信息中携带为该第一子信道分配的Pre-AID，以使在该第一子信道上发送关联请求帧的站点可以获知AP分配的Pre-AID，从而实现了STA在接收到关联响应帧中的AID信息之前可以先获取到pre-AID。
进一步地，上述确认信息中携带所述第一子信道的子信道号。
图11为本发明提供的接入点实施例二的结构示意图，在图10的基础上，该接入点还包括：第三发送模块113。
在上述实施例的基础上，一种情况下：所述关联请求帧中携带有随机数；相应地，所述确认信息中还携带有目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数；相应地，
第三发送模块113，用于在所述第二发送模块112根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息之后，发送关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站 点的地址信息；所述目标站点为所述至少一个站点中成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
图12为本发明提供的接入点实施例三的结构示意图，在图10的基础上，该接入点还包括：第四发送模块114。
在上述实施例的基础上，第四发送模块114，用于在所述第二发送模块根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息之后，发送关联响应帧，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息，所述目标站点为所述至少一个站点中成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
进一步地，所述确认信息为确认ACK帧，或者，多用户块确认M-BA帧。
其中，所述确认信息为M-BA帧时，所述M-BA帧中携带至少一个BA信息，其中，所述至少一个BA信息与所述至少一个站点一一对应，每个BA信息中包括：per-TID Info子字段。
若接收模块111未正确接收所述至少一个站点中第一站点发送的所述关联请求帧，则所述M-BA帧中所述第一站点对应的BA信息中还包括：BA起始序列控制子字段和比特图子字段。
在上述实施例的基础上，所述随机接入触发帧的类型为管理帧或控制帧。
另一实施例中，所述随机接入触发帧的类型为触发帧，所述随机接入触发帧包括：随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段，所述随机接入触发的公共信息字段包括类型标识位，所述类型标识位用于标识随机接入触发类型。
所述随机接入触发帧的类型为触发帧，所述随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段还包括：资源分配信息，所述资源分配信息用于指示子信道分配信息。
上述接入点用于执行前述方法实施例，其实现原理和技术效果类似，在此不再赘述。
图13为本发明提供的站点实施例一的结构示意图，如图13所示，该站点包括：第一接收模块130、发送模块131和第二接收模块132；
第一接收模块130，用于接收接入点AP发送的随机接入触发帧。
发送模块131，用于根据所述随机接入触发帧在第一子信道发送关联请求帧。
第二接收模块132，用于接收所述AP回复的确认信息，其中，所述确认 信息中携带有所述AP为所述第一子信道分配的预关联标识。
上述接入点用于执行前述方法实施例，其实现原理和技术效果类似，在此不再赘述。
图14为本发明提供的站点实施例二的结构示意图，如图14所示，在图13的基础上，还包括：第一确认模块133。
其中，上述所述确认信息中携带所述第一子信道的子信道号；相应地，
第一确认模块133，用于在所述第二接收模块132接收所述AP回复的确认信息之后，根据所述确认信息中携带的所述第一子信道的子信道号确定所述站点是否为所述目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
图15为本发明提供的站点实施例三的结构示意图，如图15所示，在图13的基础上，还包括：第二确认模块134和第三接收模块135。
第二确认模块134，用于在所述第二接收模块132接收所述AP回复的确认信息之后，根据所述确认信息中携带的所述目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数，确定所述站点是否为所述目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
第三接收模块135，用于接收所述AP发送的关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息。
图16为本发明提供的站点实施例四的结构示意图，如图16所示，在图13的基础上，还包括：第三确认模块136和第四接收模块137。
第四接收模块137，用于在所述第二接收模块132接收所述AP回复的确认信息之后，接收所述AP发送的关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息。相应地，
第三确认模块136，用于根据所述关联响应帧中携带的目标站点的地址信息确定所述站点是否为目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
在上述实施例的基础上，所述确认信息为确认ACK帧，或者，多用户块确认M-BA帧。
所述确认信息为M-BA帧时，第二接收模块132具体用于接收所述AP回复的M-BA帧，所述M-BA帧中携带至少一个BA信息；其中，所述至少 一个BA信息中包含一个与所述站点对应的BA信息，所述BA信息中包括：per-TID Info子字段。
若所述AP未正确接收所述站点发送的所述关联请求帧，则所述站点对应的BA信息中还包括：BA起始序列控制子字段和比特图子字段。
在上述实施例的基础上，所述随机接入触发帧的类型为管理帧或控制帧。
另一实施例中，所述随机接入触发帧的类型为触发帧，所述随机接入触发帧包括：随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段，所述随机接入触发的公共信息字段包括类型标识位，所述类型标识位用于标识随机接入触发类型。
所述随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段还包括：资源分配信息，所述资源分配信息用于指示子信道分配信息；相应地，所述发送模块131，具体用于根据所述随机接入触发帧中的资源分配信息选择第一子信道，并在所述第一子信道上发送关联请求帧。
上述站点用于执行前述方法实施例，其实现原理和技术效果类似，在此不再赘述。
图17为本发明提供的接入点实施例四的结构示意图，如图17所示，该接入点包括：发射器701和接收器702。发射器、接收器例如可以是天线等实体装置。
发射器701，用于发送随机接入触发帧；接收器702，用于在第一子信道上接收至少一个站点发送的关联请求帧，所述关联请求帧是站点对所述随机接入触发帧的回复。
发射器701，还用于根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息，其中，所述确认信息中携带有所述AP为所述第一子信道分配的预关联标识。
进一步地，所述确认信息中携带所述第一子信道的子信道号。
一种情况下：所述关联请求帧中携带有随机数；相应地，所述确认信息中还携带有目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数；
发射器701，还用于在根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息之后，发送关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息；所述目标站点为所述至少一个站点中成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
另一种情况下，不携带随机数，发射器701，还用于在根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息之后，发送关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带目标 站点的地址信息；所述目标站点为所述至少一个站点中成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
所述确认信息为确认ACK帧，或者，M-BA帧。
所述确认信息为M-BA帧时，所述M-BA帧中携带至少一个BA信息，其中，所述至少一个BA信息与所述至少一个站点一一对应，每个BA信息中包括：per-TID Info子字段；
若所述AP未正确接收所述至少一个站点中第一站点发送的所述关联请求帧，则所述M-BA帧中所述第一站点对应的BA信息中还包括：BA起始序列控制子字段和比特图子字段。
所述随机接入触发帧的类型为管理帧或控制帧。
所述随机接入触发帧的类型为触发帧，所述随机接入触发帧包括：随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段，所述随机接入触发的公共信息字段包括类型标识位，所述类型标识位用于标识随机接入触发类型。
所述随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段还包括：资源分配信息，所述资源分配信息用于指示子信道分配信息。
上述接入点用于执行前述方法实施例，其实现原理和技术效果类似，在此不再赘述。
图18为本发明提供的站点实施例五的结构示意图，如图18所示，该站点包括：接收器801和发射器802。
接收器801，用于接收接入点AP发送的随机接入触发帧。
发射器802，用于根据所述随机接入触发帧在第一子信道发送关联请求帧。
接收器801，用于接收所述AP回复的确认信息，其中，所述确认信息中携带有所述AP为所述第一子信道分配的预关联标识。
图19为本发明提供的站点实施例六的结构示意图，在图18的基础上，该站点还包括：处理器803。
所述确认信息中携带所述第一子信道的子信道号；相应地，处理器803，用于根据所述确认信息中携带的所述第一子信道的子信道号确定所述站点是否为所述目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
进一步地，所述关联请求帧中携带有随机数；相应地，所述确认信息中 还携带有目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数。处理器803，用于根据所述确认信息中携带的所述目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数，确定所述站点是否为所述目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
接收器801，还用于接收所述AP发送的关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带所述目标站点的地址信息。
上述站点用于执行前述方法实施例，其实现原理和技术效果类似，在此不再赘述。
另一实施例中，接收器801，还用于接收所述AP发送的关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息。相应地，处理器803，用于根据所述关联响应帧中携带的目标站点的地址信息确定所述站点是否为目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
所述确认信息为确认ACK帧，或者，多用户块确认M-BA帧。
所述确认信息为M-BA帧时，接收器801，具体用于接收所述AP回复的M-BA帧，所述M-BA帧中携带至少一个BA信息；其中，所述至少一个BA信息中包含一个与所述站点对应的BA信息，所述BA信息中包括：per-TID Info子字段；若所述AP未正确接收所述站点发送的所述关联请求帧，则所述站点对应的BA信息中还包括：BA起始序列控制子字段和比特图子字段。
所述随机接入触发帧的类型为管理帧或控制帧。
所述随机接入触发帧的类型为触发帧，所述随机接入触发帧包括：随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段，所述随机接入触发的公共信息字段包括类型标识位，所述类型标识位用于标识随机接入触发类型。
所述随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段还包括：资源分配信息，所述资源分配信息用于指示子信道分配信息；相应地，发射器802，具体用于所述随机接入触发帧中的资源分配信息选择第一子信道，并在所述第一子信道上发送关联请求帧。
上述站点用于执行前述方法实施例，其实现原理和技术效果类似，在此不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成，前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤；而前述 的存储介质包括：ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (36)

  1. 一种关联标识的传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接入点AP发送随机接入触发帧；
    所述AP在第一子信道上接收至少一个站点发送的关联请求帧，所述关联请求帧是站点对所述随机接入触发帧的回复；
    所述AP根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息，其中，所述确认信息中携带有所述AP为所述第一子信道分配的预关联标识。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确认信息中携带所述第一子信道的子信道号。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述关联请求帧中携带有随机数；相应地，所述确认信息中还携带有目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数；
    所述AP根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息之后，还包括：
    所述AP发送关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息；所述目标站点为所述至少一个站点中成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述AP根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息之后，还包括：
    所述AP发送关联响应帧，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息，所述目标站点为所述至少一个站点中成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确认信息为确认ACK帧，或者，多用户块确认M-BA帧。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确认信息为M-BA帧时，所述M-BA帧中携带至少一个BA信息，其中，所述至少一个BA信息与所述至少一个站点一一对应，每个BA信息中包括：每个业务标识per-TIDInfo子字段；
    若所述AP未正确接收所述至少一个站点中第一站点发送的所述关联请求帧，则所述M-BA帧中所述第一站点对应的BA信息中还包括：BA起始序列控制子字段和比特图子字段。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述随机接入触发帧的类 型为管理帧或控制帧。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述随机接入触发帧的类型为触发帧，所述随机接入触发帧包括：随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段，所述随机接入触发的公共信息字段包括类型标识位，所述类型标识位用于标识随机接入触发类型。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段还包括：资源分配信息，所述资源分配信息用于指示子信道分配信息。
  10. 一种关联标识的传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    站点接收接入点AP发送的随机接入触发帧；
    所述站点根据所述随机接入触发帧在第一子信道发送关联请求帧；
    所述站点接收所述AP回复的确认信息，其中，所述确认信息中携带有所述AP为所述第一子信道分配的预关联标识。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确认信息中携带所述第一子信道的子信道号；
    所述站点接收所述AP回复的确认信息之后，还包括：
    所述站点根据所述确认信息中携带的所述第一子信道的子信道号确定所述站点是否为所述目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述关联请求帧中携带有随机数；相应地，所述确认信息中还携带有目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数；
    所述站点接收所述AP回复的确认信息之后，还包括：
    所述站点根据所述确认信息中携带的所述目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数，确定所述站点是否为所述目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点；
    所述站点接收所述AP发送的关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带所述目标站点的地址信息。
  13. 根据权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述站点接收所述AP回复的确认信息之后，还包括：
    所述站点接收所述AP发送的关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息；
    所述站点根据所述关联响应帧中携带的目标站点的地址信息确定所述站点是否为目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确认信息为确认ACK帧，或者，多用户块确认M-BA帧。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确认信息为M-BA帧时，
    所述站点接收所述AP回复的确认信息，包括：
    所述站点接收所述AP回复的M-BA帧，所述M-BA帧中携带至少一个BA信息；
    其中，所述至少一个BA信息中包含一个与所述站点对应的BA信息，所述BA信息中包括：每个业务标识per-TID Info子字段；
    若所述AP未正确接收所述站点发送的所述关联请求帧，则所述站点对应的BA信息中还包括：BA起始序列控制子字段和比特图子字段。
  16. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述随机接入触发帧的类型为管理帧或控制帧。
  17. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述随机接入触发帧的类型为触发帧，所述随机接入触发帧包括：随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段，所述随机接入触发的公共信息字段包括类型标识位，所述类型标识位用于标识随机接入触发类型。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段还包括：资源分配信息，所述资源分配信息用于指示子信道分配信息；相应地，
    所述站点根据所述随机接入触发帧在第一子信道发送关联请求帧，包括：
    所述站点根据所述随机接入触发帧中的资源分配信息选择第一子信道，并在所述第一子信道上发送关联请求帧。
  19. 一种接入点，其特征在于，包括：
    第一发送模块，用于发送随机接入触发帧；
    接收模块，用于在第一子信道上接收至少一个站点发送的关联请求帧， 所述关联请求帧是站点对所述随机接入触发帧的回复；
    第二发送模块，用于根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息，其中，所述确认信息中携带有所述AP为所述第一子信道分配的预关联标识。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的接入点，其特征在于，所述确认信息中携带所述第一子信道的子信道号。
  21. 根据权利要求19或20所述的接入点，其特征在于，所述关联请求帧中携带有随机数；相应地，所述确认信息中还携带有目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数；相应地，
    所述接入点还包括：第三发送模块，用于在所述第二发送模块根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息之后，发送关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息；所述目标站点为所述至少一个站点中成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
  22. 根据权利要求19或20所述的接入点，其特征在于，所述接入点还包括：第四发送模块，用于在所述第二发送模块根据所述关联请求帧回复确认信息之后，发送关联响应帧，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息，所述目标站点为所述至少一个站点中成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
  23. 根据权利要求20或22所述的接入点，其特征在于，所述确认信息为确认ACK帧，或者，多用户块确认M-BA帧。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的接入点，其特征在于，所述确认信息为M-BA帧时，所述M-BA帧中携带至少一个BA信息，其中，所述至少一个BA信息与所述至少一个站点一一对应，每个BA信息中包括：每个业务标识per-TIDInfo子字段；
    若所述接收模块未正确接收所述至少一个站点中第一站点发送的所述关联请求帧，则所述M-BA帧中所述第一站点对应的BA信息中还包括：BA起始序列控制子字段和比特图子字段。
  25. 根据权利要求19所述的接入点，其特征在于，所述随机接入触发帧的类型为管理帧或控制帧。
  26. 根据权利要求19所述的接入点，其特征在于，所述随机接入触发帧的类型为触发帧，所述随机接入触发帧包括：随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段，所述随机接入触发的公共信息字段包括类型标识位，所述类型标识位 用于标识随机接入触发类型。
  27. 根据权利要求28所述的接入点，其特征在于，所述随机接入触发帧的类型为触发帧，所述随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段还包括：资源分配信息，所述资源分配信息用于指示子信道分配信息。
  28. 一种站点，其特征在于，包括：
    第一接收模块，用于接收接入点AP发送的随机接入触发帧；
    发送模块，用于根据所述随机接入触发帧在第一子信道发送关联请求帧；
    第二接收模块，用于接收所述AP回复的确认信息，其中，所述确认信息中携带有所述AP为所述第一子信道分配的预关联标识。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的站点，其特征在于，所述确认信息中携带所述第一子信道的子信道号；
    所述站点还包括：第一确认模块，用于在所述第二接收模块接收所述AP回复的确认信息之后，根据所述确认信息中携带的所述第一子信道的子信道号确定所述站点是否为所述目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
  30. 根据权利要求28或29所述的站点，其特征在于，所述关联请求帧中携带有随机数；相应地，所述确认信息中还携带有目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数；
    所述站点还包括：第二确认模块和第三接收模块；
    所述第二确认模块，用于在所述第二接收模块接收所述AP回复的确认信息之后，根据所述确认信息中携带的所述目标站点在关联请求帧中携带的随机数，确定所述站点是否为所述目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点；
    所述第三接收模块，用于接收所述AP发送的关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携带目标站点的地址信息。
  31. 根据权利要求28或29所述的站点，其特征在于，所述站点还包括：第三确认模块和第四接收模块；
    所述第四确认模块，用于在所述第二接收模块接收所述AP回复的确认信息之后，接收所述AP发送的关联响应帧，其中，所述关联响应帧中携 带目标站点的地址信息；
    所述第三确认模块，用于根据所述关联响应帧中携带的目标站点的地址信息确定所述站点是否为目标站点，所述目标站点为成功获取所述预关联标识的站点。
  32. 根据权利要求29-31任一项所述的站点，其特征在于，所述确认信息为确认ACK帧，或者，多用户块确认M-BA帧。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的站点，其特征在于，所述确认信息为M-BA帧时，
    所述第二接收模块，具体用于接收所述AP回复的M-BA帧，所述M-BA帧中携带至少一个BA信息；
    其中，所述至少一个BA信息中包含一个与所述站点对应的BA信息，所述BA信息中包括：每个业务标识per-TID Info子字段；
    若所述AP未正确接收所述站点发送的所述关联请求帧，则所述站点对应的BA信息中还包括：BA起始序列控制子字段和比特图子字段。
  34. 根据权利要求28所述的站点，其特征在于，所述随机接入触发帧的类型为管理帧或控制帧。
  35. 根据权利要求28所述的站点，其特征在于，所述随机接入触发帧的类型为触发帧，所述随机接入触发帧包括：随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段，所述随机接入触发的公共信息字段包括类型标识位，所述类型标识位用于标识随机接入触发类型。
  36. 根据权利要求35所述的站点，其特征在于，所述随机接入触发类型的公共信息字段还包括：资源分配信息，所述资源分配信息用于指示子信道分配信息；相应地，
    所述发送模块，具体用于根据所述随机接入触发帧中的资源分配信息选择第一子信道，并在所述第一子信道上发送关联请求帧。
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