WO2017016479A1 - 一种文件下载方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种文件下载方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017016479A1
WO2017016479A1 PCT/CN2016/091884 CN2016091884W WO2017016479A1 WO 2017016479 A1 WO2017016479 A1 WO 2017016479A1 CN 2016091884 W CN2016091884 W CN 2016091884W WO 2017016479 A1 WO2017016479 A1 WO 2017016479A1
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file
block
blocks
version
specified
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PCT/CN2016/091884
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
葛山
杨涛
易洋
叶暮鸣
何孟东
闫俊
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北京奇虎科技有限公司
奇智软件(北京)有限公司
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Publication of WO2017016479A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017016479A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40Support for services or applications
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/06Protocols specially adapted for file transfer, e.g. file transfer protocol [FTP]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of network communications, and in particular, to a file downloading method and apparatus.
  • the downloading methods are also various, including downloading by browser built-in download tool, and using special download. How the tool is downloaded.
  • the file provider provides multiple server points for the user to download in order to improve the user download speed and reduce the server load.
  • the file will be divided into several blocks when it is downloaded.
  • the user actually downloads it may be downloaded from different server points to different partitions.
  • all the blocks are downloaded, they are merged.
  • the file is large and chunked. When combined, the merge speed is very slow, even for a few minutes.
  • the present invention has been made in order to provide a file downloading method and apparatus that overcomes the above problems or at least partially solves the above problems.
  • a file downloading method comprising:
  • the last block is downloaded, the last block is merged with the existing block and/or composition to obtain the specified file.
  • a file downloading apparatus comprising:
  • a downloading unit configured to download each chunk of the specified file; wherein the specified file is divided into a plurality of chunks;
  • the merging unit is adapted to, after the download unit downloads one block, determine whether the block has an adjacent relationship with other downloaded blocks and/or composite blocks, and if the block has an adjacent relationship with the existing block
  • the other partitions and/or synthesis blocks are combined to obtain a composite block; and adapted to be used when the download unit downloads the last block, and the last block is performed with the existing block and/or composition. Merge processing, get The specified file.
  • a computer program comprising computer readable code, when the computer readable code is run on a terminal device, causing the terminal device to perform file downloading as described in any one of the above method.
  • the file when the file is downloaded, the file is divided into a plurality of blocks, and each block is downloaded. After each block is downloaded, it is determined whether the block is downloaded with other blocks and/or The composite block has an adjacency relationship, and the block is merged with other partitions and/or composite blocks in which the adjacent relationship exists to obtain a composite block.
  • the last block is downloaded, the last block is divided. Combining with the existing partitioning and/or compositing to obtain the specified file, thereby solving the problem that when the file is downloaded in block, the unified processing speed is slow and the resource occupancy rate is large after all the partial blocks are downloaded.
  • the problem is that the files can be merged while downloading, which saves the user's download time and the beneficial effects of the device resources.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a file downloading method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a file downloading apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 shows schematically a block diagram of a terminal device for carrying out the method according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows a storage unit for holding or carrying program code implementing the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a file downloading method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes:
  • Step S110 downloading each block of the specified file.
  • the specified file is divided into multiple blocks, and multiple blocks can be downloaded at the same time, which greatly improves the download speed, and in the case of network failure, there is no case that all downloaded data is lost and needs to be re-downloaded.
  • Step S120 each time a block is downloaded, it is determined whether the block has an adjacent relationship with other downloaded blocks and/or composite blocks, and the block is associated with other blocks having an adjacent relationship and/or The composite block is merged to obtain a composite block.
  • Step S130 when the last block is downloaded, the last block is merged with the existing block and/or composition to obtain the specified file.
  • the file downloaded by the user is divided into 100 blocks, which are downloaded from different servers.
  • the block 1 and the block 10 are downloaded first. Since there is no adjacent relationship between the two, the save is not processed. Then, the block 2 and the block 8 are downloaded. Since the block 2 and the block 1 have an adjacent relationship, the block 2 is merged with the block 1 in which the adjacent relationship exists to obtain a synthesized block. Downloading by analogy, when proceeding to the download of the last block, it is assumed to be block 47, at which time block 1 to block 46 have been combined and become a composite block, and block 48 to block 100 are merged into another. A composite block combines the block 47 with the two composite blocks to obtain the specified file.
  • downloading each of the partitions of the specified file includes:
  • the partitions of the specified file are distributed on multiple servers; multiple servers are located in the same equipment room, or multiple servers are distributed in multiple equipment rooms located in different geographical locations.
  • This embodiment describes the division method of the specified file.
  • the client In the download of the actual file, especially when some large-scale online games are open beta, the client is open to download.
  • the game client On the one hand, the game client is very large, reaching 10G or even tens of G. There are more game players, and the number of download users reaches hundreds of thousands or even millions.
  • using only one or several servers to provide downloads will cause the server to be overloaded.
  • different operators are required to access the network according to different geographical locations. Therefore, it is necessary to distribute each block of the specified file on multiple servers, and it is necessary to be in the same machine room or multiple computer rooms in different geographical locations, and the utility model can reduce the burden on the server and improve the download speed of the user.
  • determining whether the partition has an adjacent relationship with other downloaded and/or synthesized blocks includes: identifying according to the order included in each of the blocks It is determined whether the partition has an adjacent relationship with other downloaded and/or synthesized blocks that have been downloaded.
  • each block is identified by its order, which can be more convenient when merging the downloaded blocks, and the speed of obtaining the complete downloaded file is improved.
  • the specified file is a delta file for upgrading a local specified application from a lower version to a higher version; and the method further comprises: applying the local specified application according to the incremental file.
  • the program is upgraded from the corresponding low version to the higher version.
  • An existing incremental upgrade means that only files that have changed in the new version relative to the old version are downloaded when the update operation is performed.
  • the old version contains files A, B, and C
  • the new version contains files A, B', C, and D
  • the file B' is an improvement to file B
  • the file D is a new file
  • the existing incremental upgrade method The file B' and the file D are downloaded, that is, the increment file contains B' and D. Therefore, incremental upgrades will greatly reduce download traffic.
  • the incremental file in this embodiment is an upgrade file that is downloaded from the server when the application is upgraded from the low version to the high version.
  • the incremental file in this embodiment is different from the incremental file in the prior art. It is obtained by comparing a high version file of the specified application with a lower version file of the client side of the specified application to binary, to obtain binary difference information; saving the binary difference information to increase Volume file.
  • the delta file includes one or more of the following instructions:
  • Add instructions including: the binary sequence of the new version of the file relative to the new part of the lower version of the file, and the location of the new part;
  • the modification instruction includes: a binary replacement sequence of the modified portion of the new version file relative to the new portion of the lower version file, and a starting position and a termination position of the modified portion;
  • the delete instruction includes: a start position and a stop position of the deleted portion of the high version file relative to the lower version file.
  • the method of upgrading a local specified application from a corresponding lower version to a higher version according to the delta file according to the above method includes one or more of the following operations:
  • the delete instruction the content between the start position and the end position of the deleted portion of the binary sequence of the local specified application is deleted.
  • the incremental upgrade is for the file itself, such as the lower version of the application and the higher version of the application, which contain the A file, but there is a difference, then the application is upgraded and the high version version is provided in the delta file.
  • the A file replaces the A file in the lower version application, and the method provided in this embodiment compares the binary information of the two A files due to the basic functions of the same name file in the high version application and the lower version application.
  • the files in the high-level application still retain a large part of the original function of the file in the low-level application.
  • a large part of the binary information is the same.
  • the overall replacement of the A file may require 500 bits, but the difference in binary information may be only 20 bits, which reduces the huge data traffic compared to the overall replacement of the A file.
  • the A file contained in the high version application is different from the A file included in the lower version application. Comparing the binary information of the two, it is found that the high version of the A file is relative to the lower version of the A file.
  • the string a3 is added between the a1 segment and the a2 segment of the lower version binary information, and the string b2 between the b1 segment and the b3 segment of the lower version binary information is modified to b4, and the lower version binary information c1 segment and c3 are deleted.
  • the string c2 between the segments generates an add instruction, a modify instruction, and a delete instruction based on the above information, such as add a3, modify b2, and delete c2. It can be clearly seen that there is no redundancy and omission in the upgrade method of such an application, and the amount of data of the incremental upgrade is minimized.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a file downloading apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 As shown, the file downloading apparatus 200 includes:
  • the downloading unit 210 is adapted to download each chunk of the specified file; wherein the specified file is divided into a plurality of chunks, and the chunking process of the file may be separately downloaded for each chunk during downloading, and the speed is selected for each chunk.
  • the optimal server downloads greatly improves the download speed, and in the event of a network failure, there is no case that all downloaded data is lost and needs to be re-downloaded.
  • the merging unit 220 is adapted to determine, in the download unit, that each of the blocks is downloaded, and whether the block has an adjacent relationship with other downloaded blocks and/or composite blocks, and the block has an adjacent relationship with the adjacent block.
  • the other blocks and/or composite blocks are combined to obtain a composite block; and is adapted to be combined with the existing partition and/or composition when the download unit downloads the last block. Get the specified file.
  • the file downloaded by the user is divided into 100 blocks, and the download unit 210 downloads from different servers respectively, wherein the block 1 and the block 10 are downloaded first, and since there is no adjacent relationship between the two, the save is performed. No processing; then, block 2 and block 8 are downloaded. Since block 2 and block 1 have an adjacency relationship, block 2 is merged with existing block 1 to obtain a composite block. . Downloading by analogy, when proceeding to the download of the last block, it is assumed to be block 47, at which time block 1 to block 46 have been combined and become a composite block, and block 48 to block 100 are merged into another. A composite block combines the block 47 with the two composite blocks to obtain the specified file.
  • the downloading unit 210 is adapted to simultaneously download the respective blocks of the specified file from the plurality of servers;
  • the partitions of the specified file are distributed on multiple servers; multiple servers are located in the same equipment room, or multiple servers are distributed in multiple equipment rooms located in different geographical locations.
  • This embodiment describes the division method of the specified file.
  • the client In the download of the actual file, especially when some large-scale online games are open beta, the client is open to download. On the one hand, the game client is very large, reaching 10G or even tens of G. There are more game players, and the number of download users reaches hundreds of thousands or even millions. At this time, using only one or several servers to provide downloads will cause the server to be overloaded. In addition, different operators are required to access the network according to different geographical locations. Therefore will specify Each block of the file is distributed on multiple servers, and it is necessary to be in the same machine room or multiple computer rooms in different geographical locations, and the utility model can reduce the burden on the server and improve the download speed of the user.
  • the merging unit 220 is adapted to determine whether the partition is related to other downloaded blocks and/or composite blocks according to the sequence identifiers included in the respective blocks. There is an adjacent relationship.
  • each block is identified by its order, which can be more convenient when merging the downloaded blocks, and the speed of obtaining the complete downloaded file is improved.
  • the specified file is an incremental file for upgrading a local designated application from a lower version to a higher version
  • the apparatus further includes an upgrade unit 230 adapted to upgrade the local designated application from the corresponding lower version to the higher version based on the delta file.
  • the incremental file in this embodiment is an upgrade file that is downloaded from the server when the application is upgraded from the low version to the high version. Unlike the incremental file in the prior art, the incremental file in this embodiment is Obtained by comparing a high version file of the specified application with a lower version file of the client side of the specified application to binary, to obtain binary difference information; saving the binary difference information to the increment file.
  • the delta file includes one or more of the following instructions:
  • Add instructions including: the binary sequence of the new version of the file relative to the new part of the lower version of the file, and the location of the new part;
  • the modification instruction includes: a binary replacement sequence of the modified portion of the new version file relative to the new portion of the lower version file, and a starting position and a termination position of the modified portion;
  • the delete instruction includes: a start position and a stop position of the deleted portion of the high version file relative to the lower version file;
  • the upgrading unit 230 is adapted to perform one or more of the following operations according to the incremental file:
  • the local part of the binary sequence of the specified application is deleted and the starting position is The content between the termination locations is deleted.
  • the incremental upgrade is for the file itself, such as the lower version of the application and the higher version of the application, which contain the A file, but there is a difference, then the application is upgraded and the high version version is provided in the delta file.
  • the A file is used to replace the A file in the lower version application, and the device provided in this embodiment compares the binary information of the two A files due to the basic functions of the same name file in the high version application and the lower version application.
  • the files in the high-level application still retain a large part of the original function of the file in the low-level application.
  • a large part of the binary information is the same.
  • the overall replacement of the A file may require 500 bits, but the difference in binary information may be only 20 bits, which reduces the huge data traffic compared to the overall replacement of the A file.
  • the A file contained in the high version application is different from the A file included in the lower version application. Comparing the binary information of the two, it is found that the high version of the A file is relative to the lower version of the A file.
  • the string a3 is added between the a1 segment and the a2 segment of the lower version binary information, and the string b2 between the b1 segment and the b3 segment of the lower version binary information is modified to b4, and the lower version binary information c1 segment and c3 are deleted.
  • the string c2 between the segments generates an add instruction, a modify instruction, and a delete instruction based on the above information, such as add a3, modify b2, and delete c2. It can be clearly seen that there is no redundancy and omission in the upgrade method of such an application, and the amount of data of the incremental upgrade is minimized.
  • modules in the devices of the embodiments can be adaptively changed and placed in one or more devices different from the embodiment.
  • the modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and further they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components.
  • any combination of the features disclosed in the specification, including the accompanying claims, the abstract and the drawings, and any methods so disclosed, or All processes or units of the device are combined.
  • Each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, the abstract and the drawings) may be replaced by alternative features that provide the same, equivalent or similar purpose.
  • the various component embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, or in a software module running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof.
  • a microprocessor or digital signal processor may be used in practice to implement some or all of the functionality of some or all of the components of the file download device in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.
  • the invention can also be implemented as a device or device program (e.g., a computer program and a computer program product) for performing some or all of the methods described herein.
  • a program implementing the invention may be stored on a computer readable medium or may be in the form of one or more signals. Such signals may be downloaded from an Internet website, provided on a carrier signal, or provided in any other form.
  • Figure 3 shows a terminal device in which the method according to the invention can be implemented.
  • the terminal device conventionally includes a processor 310 and a computer program product or computer readable medium in the form of a memory 320.
  • Memory 320 can be, for example, flash memory, EEPROM (electrically erasable and programmable only Read electronic memory such as memory), EPROM, hard disk or ROM.
  • the memory 320 has a memory space 330 for program code 331 for performing any of the method steps described above.
  • storage space 330 for program code may include various program code 331 for implementing various steps in the above methods, respectively.
  • the program code can be read from or written to one or more computer program products.
  • Such computer program products include program code carriers such as hard disks, compact disks (CDs), memory cards or floppy disks.
  • Such a computer program product is typically a portable or fixed storage unit as described with reference to FIG.
  • the storage unit may have a storage section, a storage space, and the like arranged similarly to the storage 320 in the terminal device of FIG.
  • the program code can be compressed, for example, in an appropriate form.
  • the storage unit comprises computer readable code 331', ie code readable by a processor, such as 310, which, when executed by the terminal device, causes the terminal device to perform each of the methods described above step.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种文件下载方法和装置。方法包括下载指定文件的各个分块;其中,所述指定文件被分割为多个分块;每下载完一个分块,判断该分块是否与已下载的其他分块和/或合成块存在相邻关系,是则将该分块与存在相邻关系的其他分块和/或合成块进行合并处理,得到一个合成块;当下载完最后一个分块,将该最后一个分块与已存在的分块和/或合成进行合并处理,得到所述指定文件。由此解决了对文件进行分块下载时,在全部分块下载完毕后统一进行合并处理速度缓慢且资源占用率大的问题,取得了可以边下载边对分块的文件进行合并,节约了用户下载时间以及设备资源的有益效果。

Description

一种文件下载方法和装置 技术领域
本发明涉及网络通信领域,具体涉及一种文件下载方法和装置。
背景技术
随着网络技术的发展,用户在互联网上看到心仪的资源时经常会选择进行下载,而下载的方式也多种多样,既有以浏览器内置下载工具进行下载的方式,也有使用专门的下载工具进行下载的方式。在文件比较大且下载人数较多的情况下,对文件进行下载时,文件的提供方会提供多个服务器载点供用户下载以便提高用户下载速度和减少服务器负担。此时文件在下载时会被分成若干块,用户实际下载时可能会从不同的服务器载点下载到不同的分块,当所有分块都下载完毕后进行合并,然而在文件较大、分块较多时合并速度很慢,甚至达到几分钟。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题,提出了本发明以便提供一种克服上述问题或者至少部分地解决上述问题的一种文件下载方法和装置。
依据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种文件下载方法,包括:
下载指定文件的各个分块;其中,所述指定文件被分割为多个分块;
每下载完一个分块,判断该分块是否与已下载的其他分块和/或合成块存在相邻关系,是则将该分块与存在相邻关系的其他分块和/或合成块进行合并处理,得到一个合成块;
当下载完最后一个分块,将该最后一个分块与已存在的分块和/或合成进行合并处理,得到所述指定文件。
依据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种文件下载装置,包括:
下载单元,适于下载指定文件的各个分块;其中,所述指定文件被分割为多个分块;
合并单元,适于在所述下载单元每下载完一个分块,判断该分块是否与已下载的其他分块和/或合成块存在相邻关系,是则将该分块与存在相邻关系的其他分块和/或合成块进行合并处理,得到一个合成块;以及适于当所述下载单元下载完最后一个分块,将该最后一个分块与已存在的分块和/或合成进行合并处理,得到 所述指定文件。
依据本发明的一个方面,还公开了一种计算机程序,包括计算机可读代码,当所述计算机可读代码在终端设备上运行时,导致所述终端设备执行如上任一项所述的文件下载方法。
依据本发明的又一个方面,还公开了一种计算机可读介质,其中存储了如上所述的计算机程序。
据本发明的技术方案对文件进行下载时,文件被分割为多个分块,对各个分块进行下载,每下载完一个分块,判断该分块是否与已下载的其他分块和/或合成块存在相邻关系,是则将该分块与存在相邻关系的其他分块和/或合成块进行合并处理,得到一个合成块,当下载完最后一个分块,将该最后一个分块与已存在的分块和/或合成进行合并处理,得到所述指定文件,由此解决了对文件进行分块下载时,在全部分块下载完毕后统一进行合并处理速度缓慢且资源占用率大的问题,取得了可以边下载边对分块的文件进行合并,节约了用户下载时间以及设备资源的有益效果。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述,为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段,而可依照说明书的内容予以实施,并且为了让本发明的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂,以下特举本发明的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读下文优选实施方式的详细描述,各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的,而并不认为是对本发明的限制。而且在整个附图中,用相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。在附图中:
图1示出了本发明一个实施例提供的一种文件下载方法的流程图;
图2示出了本发明一个实施例提供的一种文件下载装置的结构图;
图3示意性地示出了用于执行根据本发明的方法的终端设备的框图;以及
图4示意性地示出了用于保持或者携带实现根据本发明的方法的程序代码的存储单元。
具体实施例
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本公开的示例性实施例,然而应当理解,可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反,提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开,并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。
图1示出了本发明一个实施例提供的一种文件下载方法的流程图,如图1所示,该方法包括:
步骤S110,下载指定文件的各个分块。
其中,指定文件被分割为多个分块,多个分块可以同时下载,对下载速度有很大的提升,且在网络故障时不会出现已下载数据全部丢失需重新下载的情况。
步骤S120,每下载完一个分块,判断该分块是否与已下载的其他分块和/或合成块存在相邻关系,是则将该分块与存在相邻关系的其他分块和/或合成块进行合并处理,得到一个合成块。
步骤S130,当下载完最后一个分块,将该最后一个分块与已存在的分块和/或合成进行合并处理,得到指定文件。
例如,用户下载的文件被分为了100个分块,分别从不同的服务器进行下载,其中先下载了分块1和分块10,由于二者并不存在相邻关系,所以进行保存不做处理;随后下载了分块2和分块8,由于分块2和分块1存在相邻关系,则将分块2与存在相邻关系的分块1进行合并处理,得到一个合成块。以此类推进行下载,当进行至对最后一个分块进行下载时,假设为分块47,此时分块1至分块46已结合并为一个合成块,分块48至分块100合并为另一个合成块,则将分块47与两个合成块进行合并处理,得到指定文件。由此可以看出,在文件各分块下载完毕后,仅需将最后一个分块与已存在的分块进行合并处理便可完成下载得到指定文件,而现有技术需要在所有分块下载完成后进行合并,即便分块较少时仍具有时延,在分块较多时时延更为明显,甚至造成对设备资源消耗过大造成假死。图1所示的方法取得了节约时间和设备资源的有益效果。
在本发明的又一个实施例中,图1所示的方法中,下载指定文件的各个分块包括:
从多个服务器同时下载指定文件的各个分块;
其中,指定文件的各个分块分布在多个服务器上;多个服务器位于同一机房中,或者多个服务器分布于位于不同地理位置的多个机房中。
本实施例对指定文件的分割方式做了描述,在实际文件的下载中,尤其是某些大型网游公测时开放下载客户端,一方面游戏客户端非常大,达到10G甚至几十G,一方面游戏玩家较多,下载用户达到数十万甚至上百万,此时仅利用一个或几个服务器提供下载会造成服务器的负荷过重。此外,针对不同下载用户接入网络的运营商不同,根据不同地理位置提供服务器也是十分有必要的。故将指定文件的各个分块分布在多个服务器上,并处于同一机房或不同地理位置的多个机房是有必要的,能够取得减轻服务器负担,提高用户下载速度的有益效果。
在本发明的又一个实施例中,图1所示的方法中,判断该分块是否与已下载的其他分块和/或合成块存在相邻关系包括:根据各个分块中包含的顺序标识判断该分块是否与已下载的其他分块和/或合成块存在相邻关系。
在文件分割成各个分块时将各个分块标识其顺序,可以在对下载的分块进行合并时更加方便,提升了得到完整下载文件的速度。
在本发明的又一个实施例中,上述方法中,指定文件为将本地的指定应用程序从低版本升级到高版本的增量文件;则该方法进一步包括:根据增量文件将本地的指定应用程序从相应的低版本升级到高版本。
现有的增量升级是指在进行更新操作时,只下载新版本中相对于旧版本有改变的文件。例如旧版本包含文件A、B和C,新版本包含文件A、B’、C和D,文件B’是对文件B的改进,文件D是新增的文件,则现有的增量升级方法中会下载文件B’和文件D,即增量文件中包含B’和D。因此增量升级会大大节省下载流量。
而本实施例中的增量文件是应用程序从低版本升级到高版本时从服务端进行下载的升级文件,与现有技术中的增量文件不同的是,本实施例中的增量文件是通过如下方式得到的:将指定应用程序的一个高版本文件与该指定应用程序的客户端侧的一个低版本文件精确到二进制进行对比,得到二进制差异信息;将所述二进制差异信息保存到增量文件。
因此,在本发明的又一个实施例中,上述方法中,增量文件包括如下指令中的一种或多种:
增加指令,包括:高版本文件相对于低版本文件的新增部分的二进制序列,以及新增部分的位置;
修改指令,包括:高版本文件相对于低版本文件的新增部分的有修改部分的二进制替换序列,以及该有修改部分的起始位置和终止位置;
删除指令,包括:高版本文件相对于低版本文件的删除部分起始位置和终止位置。
上述方法中所述根据增量文件将本地的指定应用程序从相应的低版本升级到高版本包括如下中的一种或多种操作:
根据增加指令,在本地的指定应用程序的二进制序列的新增部分的位置,添加新增部分的二进制序列;
根据修改指令,将本地的指定应用程序的二进制序列的有修改部分的起始位置和终止位置之间的内容替换为二进制替换序列;
根据删除指令,将本地的指定应用程序的二进制序列的删除部分起始位置和终止位置之间的内容删除。
采取二进制信息对比的方式对比指定应用程序的高版本文件和低版本文件,将产生的二进制差异信息保存到增量文件中提供给客户端进行下载,使得客户端升级指定应用程序到高版本,属于增量升级的方式。现有技术中增量升级针对文件本身,如低版本的应用程序和高版本的应用程序都包含A文件,但是存在差异,那么在应用程序升级时会在增量文件中提供高版本应用程序中的A文件来替换低版本应用程序中的A文件,而本实施例提供的方法会对比两个A文件的二进制信息,由于高版本的应用程序和低版本应用程序中的同一名称文件的基本功能一般相同,虽有改动,但高版本应用程序中的文件仍保留了低版本应用程序中该文件很大部分的原有功能,在二进制信息的对比上,会有很大一部分的二进制信息相同,则只需将二进制差异信息保存到增量文件。A文件整体替换可能需要500bit,但其中二进制信息差异可能仅有20bit,相比于A文件整体的替换会减少极大的数据流量。例如,对指定应用程序来说,高版本应用程序中包含的A文件和低版本应用程序中包含的A文件不同,对比二者的二进制信息发现,高版本的A文件相对于低版本的A文件,在低版本二进制信息的a1段和a2段之间增加了字符串a3,将低版本二进制信息b1段和b3段之间的字符串b2修改为b4,删除了低版本二进制信息c1段和c3段之间的字符串c2,则基于以上信息分别生成增加指令、修改指令和删除指令,如add a3,modify b2,delete c2。可以清楚的看出此种应用程序的升级方式中不存在冗余和疏漏,最大化地减少了增量升级的数据量。
图2示出了本发明一个实施例提供的一种文件下载装置的结构图,如图2 所示,该文件下载装置200包括:
下载单元210,适于下载指定文件的各个分块;其中,指定文件被分割为多个分块,对文件进行分块处理可以在下载时对各个分块分别进行下载,对各个分块选择速度最优的服务器进行下载,对下载速度有很大的提升,且在网络故障时不会出现已下载数据全部丢失需重新下载的情况。
合并单元220,适于在下载单元每下载完一个分块,判断该分块是否与已下载的其他分块和/或合成块存在相邻关系,是则将该分块与存在相邻关系的其他分块和/或合成块进行合并处理,得到一个合成块;以及适于当下载单元下载完最后一个分块,将该最后一个分块与已存在的分块和/或合成进行合并处理,得到指定文件。
例如,用户下载的文件被分为了100个分块,下载单元210分别从不同的服务器进行下载,其中先下载了分块1和分块10,由于二者并不存在相邻关系,所以进行保存不做处理;随后下载了分块2和分块8,由于分块2和分块1存在相邻关系,则将2分块1与存在相邻关系分块1进行合并处理,得到一个合成块。以此类推进行下载,当进行至对最后一个分块进行下载时,假设为分块47,此时分块1至分块46已结合并为一个合成块,分块48至分块100合并为另一个合成块,则将分块47与两个合成块进行合并处理,得到指定文件。由此可以看出,在文件各分块下载完毕后,仅需将最后一个分块与已存在的分块进行合并处理便可完成下载得到指定文件,而现有技术需要在所有分块下载完成后进行合并,即便分块较少时仍具有时延,在分块较多时时延更为明显,甚至造成对设备资源消耗过大造成假死。图2所示的装置取得了节约时间和设备资源的有益效果。
在本发明的又一个实施例中,图2所示的装置中,下载单元210,适于从多个服务器同时下载指定文件的各个分块;
其中,指定文件的各个分块分布在多个服务器上;多个服务器位于同一机房中,或者多个服务器分布于位于不同地理位置的多个机房中。
本实施例对指定文件的分割方式做了描述,在实际文件的下载中,尤其是某些大型网游公测时开放下载客户端,一方面游戏客户端非常大,达到10G甚至几十G,一方面游戏玩家较多,下载用户达到数十万甚至上百万,此时仅利用一个或几个服务器提供下载会造成服务器的负荷过重。此外,针对不同下载用户接入网络的运营商不同,根据不同地理位置提供服务器也是十分有必要的。故将指定 文件的各个分块分布在多个服务器上,并处于同一机房或不同地理位置的多个机房是有必要的,能够取得减轻服务器负担,提高用户下载速度的有益效果。
在本发明的又一个实施例中,图2所示的装置中,合并单元220,适于根据各个分块中包含的顺序标识判断该分块是否与已下载的其他分块和/或合成块存在相邻关系。
在文件分割成各个分块时将各个分块标识其顺序,可以在对下载的分块进行合并时更加方便,提升了得到完整下载文件的速度。
在本发明的又一个实施例中,上述装置中,指定文件为将本地的指定应用程序从低版本升级到高版本的增量文件;
该装置进一步包括:升级单元230,适于根据增量文件将本地的指定应用程序从相应的低版本升级到高版本。
本实施例中的增量文件是应用程序从低版本升级到高版本时从服务端进行下载的升级文件,与现有技术中的增量文件不同的是,本实施例中的增量文件是通过如下方式得到的:将指定应用程序的一个高版本文件与该指定应用程序的客户端侧的一个低版本文件精确到二进制进行对比,得到二进制差异信息;将所述二进制差异信息保存到增量文件。
在本发明的又一个实施例中,上述装置中,增量文件包括如下指令中的一种或多种:
增加指令,包括:高版本文件相对于低版本文件的新增部分的二进制序列,以及新增部分的位置;
修改指令,包括:高版本文件相对于低版本文件的新增部分的有修改部分的二进制替换序列,以及该有修改部分的起始位置和终止位置;
删除指令,包括:高版本文件相对于低版本文件的删除部分起始位置和终止位置;
升级单元230,适于根据增量文件执行如下中的一种或多种操作:
根据增加指令,在本地的指定应用程序的二进制序列的新增部分的位置,添加新增部分的二进制序列;
根据修改指令,将本地的指定应用程序的二进制序列的有修改部分的起始位置和终止位置之间的内容替换为二进制替换序列;
根据删除指令,将本地的指定应用程序的二进制序列的删除部分起始位置和 终止位置之间的内容删除。
采取二进制信息对比的方式对比指定应用程序的高版本文件和低版本文件,将产生的二进制差异信息保存到增量文件中提供给客户端进行下载,使得客户端升级指定应用程序到高版本,属于增量升级的方式。现有技术中增量升级针对文件本身,如低版本的应用程序和高版本的应用程序都包含A文件,但是存在差异,那么在应用程序升级时会在增量文件中提供高版本应用程序中的A文件来替换低版本应用程序中的A文件,而本实施例提供的装置会对比两个A文件的二进制信息,由于高版本的应用程序和低版本应用程序中的同一名称文件的基本功能一般相同,虽有改动,但高版本应用程序中的文件仍保留了低版本应用程序中该文件很大部分的原有功能,在二进制信息的对比上,会有很大一部分的二进制信息相同,则只需将二进制差异信息保存到增量文件。A文件整体替换可能需要500bit,但其中二进制信息差异可能仅有20bit,相比于A文件整体的替换会减少极大的数据流量。例如,对指定应用程序来说,高版本应用程序中包含的A文件和低版本应用程序中包含的A文件不同,对比二者的二进制信息发现,高版本的A文件相对于低版本的A文件,在低版本二进制信息的a1段和a2段之间增加了字符串a3,将低版本二进制信息b1段和b3段之间的字符串b2修改为b4,删除了低版本二进制信息c1段和c3段之间的字符串c2,则基于以上信息分别生成增加指令、修改指令和删除指令,如add a3,modify b2,delete c2。可以清楚的看出此种应用程序的升级方式中不存在冗余和疏漏,最大化地减少了增量升级的数据量。
需要说明的是:
在此提供的算法和显示不与任何特定计算机、虚拟装置或者其它设备固有相关。各种通用装置也可以与基于在此的示教一起使用。根据上面的描述,构造这类装置所要求的结构是显而易见的。此外,本发明也不针对任何特定编程语言。应当明白,可以利用各种编程语言实现在此描述的本发明的内容,并且上面对特定语言所做的描述是为了披露本发明的最佳实施方式。
在此处所提供的说明书中,说明了大量具体细节。然而,能够理解,本发明的实施例可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下实践。在一些实例中,并未详细示出公知的方法、结构和技术,以便不模糊对本说明书的理解。
类似地,应当理解,为了精简本公开并帮助理解各个发明方面中的一个或多 个,在上面对本发明的示例性实施例的描述中,本发明的各个特征有时被一起分组到单个实施例、图、或者对其的描述中。然而,并不应将该公开的方法解释成反映如下意图:即所要求保护的本发明要求比在每个权利要求中所明确记载的特征更多的特征。更确切地说,如下面的权利要求书所反映的那样,发明方面在于少于前面公开的单个实施例的所有特征。因此,遵循具体实施方式的权利要求书由此明确地并入该具体实施方式,其中每个权利要求本身都作为本发明的单独实施例。
本领域那些技术人员可以理解,可以对实施例中的设备中的模块进行自适应性地改变并且把它们设置在与该实施例不同的一个或多个设备中。可以把实施例中的模块或单元或组件组合成一个模块或单元或组件,以及此外可以把它们分成多个子模块或子单元或子组件。除了这样的特征和/或过程或者单元中的至少一些是相互排斥之外,可以采用任何组合对本说明书(包括伴随的权利要求、摘要和附图)中公开的所有特征以及如此公开的任何方法或者设备的所有过程或单元进行组合。除非另外明确陈述,本说明书(包括伴随的权利要求、摘要和附图)中公开的每个特征可以由提供相同、等同或相似目的的替代特征来代替。
此外,本领域的技术人员能够理解,尽管在此所述的一些实施例包括其它实施例中所包括的某些特征而不是其它特征,但是不同实施例的特征的组合意味着处于本发明的范围之内并且形成不同的实施例。例如,在下面的权利要求书中,所要求保护的实施例的任意之一都可以以任意的组合方式来使用。
本发明的各个部件实施例可以以硬件实现,或者以在一个或者多个处理器上运行的软件模块实现,或者以它们的组合实现。本领域的技术人员应当理解,可以在实践中使用微处理器或者数字信号处理器(DSP)来实现根据本发明实施例的文件下载装置中的一些或者全部部件的一些或者全部功能。本发明还可以实现为用于执行这里所描述的方法的一部分或者全部的设备或者装置程序(例如,计算机程序和计算机程序产品)。这样的实现本发明的程序可以存储在计算机可读介质上,或者可以具有一个或者多个信号的形式。这样的信号可以从因特网网站上下载得到,或者在载体信号上提供,或者以任何其他形式提供。
例如,图3示出了可以实现根据本发明的方法的终端设备。该终端设备传统上包括处理器310和以存储器320形式的计算机程序产品或者计算机可读介质。存储器320可以是诸如闪存、EEPROM(电可擦除可编程只 读存储器)、EPROM、硬盘或者ROM之类的电子存储器。存储器320具有用于执行上述方法中的任何方法步骤的程序代码331的存储空间330。例如,用于程序代码的存储空间330可以包括分别用于实现上面的方法中的各种步骤的各个程序代码331。这些程序代码可以从一个或者多个计算机程序产品中读出或者写入到这一个或者多个计算机程序产品中。这些计算机程序产品包括诸如硬盘,紧致盘(CD)、存储卡或者软盘之类的程序代码载体。这样的计算机程序产品通常为如参考图4所述的便携式或者固定存储单元。该存储单元可以具有与图3的终端设备中的存储器320类似布置的存储段、存储空间等。程序代码可以例如以适当形式进行压缩。通常,存储单元包括计算机可读代码331’,即可以由例如诸如310之类的处理器读取的代码,这些代码当由终端设备运行时,导致该终端设备执行上面所描述的方法中的各个步骤。
本文中所称的“一个实施例”、“实施例”或者“一个或者多个实施例”意味着,结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或者特性包括在本发明的至少一个实施例中。此外,请注意,这里“在一个实施例中”的词语例子不一定全指同一个实施例。
应该注意的是上述实施例对本发明进行说明而不是对本发明进行限制,并且本领域技术人员在不脱离所附权利要求的范围的情况下可设计出替换实施例。在权利要求中,不应将位于括号之间的任何参考符号构造成对权利要求的限制。单词“包含”不排除存在未列在权利要求中的元件或步骤。位于元件之前的单词“一”或“一个”不排除存在多个这样的元件。本发明可以借助于包括有若干不同元件的硬件以及借助于适当编程的计算机来实现。在列举了若干装置的单元权利要求中,这些装置中的若干个可以是通过同一个硬件项来具体体现。单词第一、第二、以及第三等的使用不表示任何顺序。可将这些单词解释为名称。
此外,还应当注意,本说明书中使用的语言主要是为了可读性和教导的目的而选择的,而不是为了解释或者限定本发明的主题而选择的。因此,在不偏离所附权利要求书的范围和精神的情况下,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说许多修改和变更都是显而易见的。对于本发明的范围,对本发明所做的公开是说明性的,而非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求书限定。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种文件下载方法,其中,该方法包括:
    下载指定文件的各个分块;其中,所述指定文件被分割为多个分块;
    每下载完一个分块,判断该分块是否与已下载的其他分块和/或合成块存在相邻关系,是则将该分块与存在相邻关系的其他分块和/或合成块进行合并处理,得到一个合成块;
    当下载完最后一个分块,将该最后一个分块与已存在的分块和/或合成进行合并处理,得到所述指定文件。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述下载指定文件的各个分块包括:
    从多个服务器同时下载指定文件的各个分块;
    其中,所述指定文件的各个分块分布在所述多个服务器上;所述多个服务器位于同一机房中,或者所述多个服务器分布于位于不同地理位置的多个机房中。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述判断该分块是否与已下载的其他分块和/或合成块存在相邻关系包括:
    根据各个分块中包含的顺序标识判断该分块是否与已下载的其他分块和/或合成块存在相邻关系。
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法,其中,所述指定文件为将本地的指定应用程序从低版本升级到高版本的增量文件;
    该方法进一步包括:根据增量文件将本地的指定应用程序从相应的低版本升级到高版本。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法,其中,所述增量文件包括如下指令中的一种或多种:
    增加指令,包括:高版本文件相对于低版本文件的新增部分的二进制序列,以及新增部分的位置;
    修改指令,包括:高版本文件相对于低版本文件的新增部分的有修改部分的二进制替换序列,以及该有修改部分的起始位置和终止位置;
    删除指令,包括:高版本文件相对于低版本文件的删除部分起始位置 和终止位置;
    所述根据增量文件将本地的指定应用程序从相应的低版本升级到高版本包括如下中的一种或多种操作:
    根据增加指令,在本地的指定应用程序的二进制序列的所述新增部分的位置,添加所述新增部分的二进制序列;
    根据修改指令,将本地的指定应用程序的二进制序列的所述有修改部分的起始位置和终止位置之间的内容替换为所述二进制替换序列;
    根据删除指令,将本地的指定应用程序的二进制序列的所述删除部分起始位置和终止位置之间的内容删除。
  6. 一种文件下载装置,其中,该装置包括:
    下载单元,适于下载指定文件的各个分块;其中,所述指定文件被分割为多个分块;
    合并单元,适于在所述下载单元每下载完一个分块,判断该分块是否与已下载的其他分块和/或合成块存在相邻关系,是则将该分块与存在相邻关系的其他分块和/或合成块进行合并处理,得到一个合成块;以及适于当所述下载单元下载完最后一个分块,将该最后一个分块与已存在的分块和/或合成进行合并处理,得到所述指定文件。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的装置,其中,
    所述下载单元,适于从多个服务器同时下载指定文件的各个分块;
    其中,所述指定文件的各个分块分布在所述多个服务器上;所述多个服务器位于同一机房中,或者所述多个服务器分布于位于不同地理位置的多个机房中。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的装置,其中,
    所述合并单元,适于根据各个分块中包含的顺序标识判断该分块是否与已下载的其他分块和/或合成块存在相邻关系。
  9. 如权利要求6-8中任一项所述的装置,其中,所述指定文件为将本地的指定应用程序从低版本升级到高版本的增量文件;
    该装置进一步包括:升级单元,适于根据增量文件将本地的指定应用程序从相应的低版本升级到高版本。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的装置,其中,所述增量文件包括如下指令中 的一种或多种:
    增加指令,包括:高版本文件相对于低版本文件的新增部分的二进制序列,以及新增部分的位置;
    修改指令,包括:高版本文件相对于低版本文件的新增部分的有修改部分的二进制替换序列,以及该有修改部分的起始位置和终止位置;
    删除指令,包括:高版本文件相对于低版本文件的删除部分起始位置和终止位置;
    所述升级单元,适于根据增量文件执行如下中的一种或多种操作:
    根据增加指令,在本地的指定应用程序的二进制序列的所述新增部分的位置,添加所述新增部分的二进制序列;
    根据修改指令,将本地的指定应用程序的二进制序列的所述有修改部分的起始位置和终止位置之间的内容替换为所述二进制替换序列;
    根据删除指令,将本地的指定应用程序的二进制序列的所述删除部分起始位置和终止位置之间的内容删除。
  11. 一种计算机程序,包括计算机可读代码,当所述计算机可读代码在终端设备上运行时,导致所述终端设备执行根据权利要求1-5中的任一个所述的文件下载方法。
  12. 一种计算机可读介质,其中存储了如权利要求11所述的计算机程序。
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