WO2017016431A1 - 相对介损及电容量测试仪 - Google Patents

相对介损及电容量测试仪 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017016431A1
WO2017016431A1 PCT/CN2016/090834 CN2016090834W WO2017016431A1 WO 2017016431 A1 WO2017016431 A1 WO 2017016431A1 CN 2016090834 W CN2016090834 W CN 2016090834W WO 2017016431 A1 WO2017016431 A1 WO 2017016431A1
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Prior art keywords
module
interface
power
signal
unit
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PCT/CN2016/090834
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
巢海铭
邵伟
刘晓康
张伟
Original Assignee
国网江苏省电力公司常州供电公司
国网江苏省电力公司
国家电网公司
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Priority claimed from CN201520546278.9U external-priority patent/CN204855653U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201510442774.4A external-priority patent/CN104991127B/zh
Application filed by 国网江苏省电力公司常州供电公司, 国网江苏省电力公司, 国家电网公司 filed Critical 国网江苏省电力公司常州供电公司
Publication of WO2017016431A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017016431A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables

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  • the present invention relates to the field of power system test tools, and in particular to a relative dielectric loss and capacitance tester for measuring a relative dielectric loss factor and a capacitance ratio of a capacitive device in a power supply system.
  • Capacitive current transformers, capacitive voltage transformers, coupling capacitors, capacitive bushings and other capacitive devices and the insulation state of metal oxide surge arresters are related to the safe operation and power supply safety of power supply equipment.
  • the insulation is damaged due to the deterioration of the oil quality, etc., so it is necessary to periodically conduct the charging test on the insulated state of the capacitive device in operation;
  • the current commonly used detection method is to use the corresponding device to detect the state parameter such as the relative dielectric loss factor of the capacitive device and It is analyzed to determine and evaluate the insulation state of the capacitive device being tested.
  • the so-called relative dielectric loss factor refers to the difference between two current vector differences measured at the end of the capacitor in the case of parallel or different phase voltages of two capacitive devices, and the difference is calculated by positive switching.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a relative dielectric loss and capacitance tester which is compact in structure, convenient to carry, has full functions, high test accuracy and convenient operation, in view of the problems existing in the prior art.
  • a relative dielectric loss and capacitance tester of the present invention which is characterized in that it comprises a portable case and a circuit device mounted in the portable case;
  • the circuit device comprises an operation panel and a battery power management unit , a wireless communication unit, a measurement unit, and a display control unit;
  • the display control unit is electrically connected to the wireless communication unit and the measurement unit, respectively; the battery power management unit is used to provide a working power source;
  • the above measurement unit includes a reference voltage interface, a reference current interface, a current interface of the device under test, a reference voltage/current conditioning module, a current conditioning module to be tested, a second-order anti-aliasing low-pass filter, an AD conversion module, and an FFT digital signal processing.
  • Module and second serial interface ;
  • the reference voltage interface, the reference current interface, and the current interface of the device under test are respectively disposed on the operation panel; the reference voltage/current conditioning module is electrically connected to the reference voltage interface and the reference current interface respectively; the current conditioning mode to be tested
  • the block is electrically connected to the current interface of the device under test;
  • the second-order anti-aliasing low-pass filter is electrically connected to the reference voltage/current conditioning module and the current regulating module to be tested;
  • the display control unit comprises a main control module, a keyboard module, a liquid crystal display module, a storage module, a printer module, a wireless communication interface, a measurement communication interface, a host computer communication interface and a U disk interface;
  • the keyboard module, the liquid crystal display module, the upper computer communication interface and the U disk interface are respectively disposed on the operation panel; the printer module is disposed on the portable box body;
  • the main control module and the keyboard module signal are electrically connected; the liquid crystal display module and the printer module are respectively electrically connected with the signal of the main control module; the main control module is electrically connected with the two-way signal of the storage module and the U disk interface respectively; the main control module communicates with the wireless through the wireless communication interface
  • the communication unit communicates; the measurement communication interface of the main control module is electrically connected to the second serial interface of the measurement unit.
  • the wireless communication unit includes a second control module, a first serial interface, a radio frequency communication module, a radio frequency power amplifier module, and an antenna;
  • the second control module is electrically connected to the first serial interface and the radio frequency communication module
  • the radio frequency power amplifier module is electrically connected to the radio frequency communication module and the antenna bidirectional signal.
  • the battery power management unit includes a first control module, a switch detection module, a charge management module, a lithium battery, a switch control module, a DC-DC buck module, a charging interface, and a power switch; a charging interface and The power switch is disposed on the operation panel;
  • the first control module is provided with a switch detection signal input end, a charge management signal communication end, a switch machine control signal output end and a power output control end;
  • the switch machine detection module is provided with a signal input end and a signal output end;
  • the charge management module is provided Charging power input end, charging control signal communication end and power output end; lithium battery is provided with charging power input end and power output end;
  • switch machine control mode is provided with control signal input end, power input end and power output end;
  • the buck module is provided with a control signal input end, a power input end and a power output end;
  • the switch detection signal input end of the first control module is electrically connected with the signal output end signal of the switch detection module; the charge management signal communication end of the first control module is electrically connected with the charging control signal communication end of the charge management module;
  • the signal input end of the machine detection module is electrically connected with the power switch; the charging power input end of the charging management module is electrically connected with the charging interface; the charging power input end of the lithium battery is electrically connected with the power output end of the charging management module;
  • the control signal input end is electrically connected with the signal of the switch control signal output end of the first control module; the power input end of the switch control mode is electrically connected with the power output end of the lithium battery; the control signal input end of the DC-DC buck module is The power output control terminal signal of the first control module is electrically connected; DC-DC step-down The power input end of the module is electrically connected to the power output end of the switch control mode; the power output of the DC-DC buck module outputs the working power when used.
  • the reference voltage/current conditioning module of the above measuring unit comprises a multi-stage sampling resistor and a variable gain amplifier; the second-order anti-aliasing low-pass filter comprises a second-order Butterworth active low-pass filter. And a first-order passive RC low-pass filter.
  • the core device of the AD conversion module of the above measuring unit is an ultra-low power 16-bit microcontroller of the MSP430AFE253 model;
  • the core device of the FFT digital signal processing module is a CPU of the STM32F405 model with a floating point arithmetic unit.
  • the core device of the main control module of the display control unit is a high-performance microprocessor of the S3C44B0 model based on the ARM7TDMI core; the core device of the printer module is a micro thermal printer with 8-bit parallel communication.
  • the core device of the radio communication module of the wireless communication unit is a radio frequency chip of the SI4463 model based on the 433 MHz frequency band.
  • the charging management module of the battery power management unit includes an external power supply detecting circuit, a PWM charging circuit, a battery voltage detecting circuit and a charging current detecting circuit;
  • the core device of the first control module is an MSP430F2012 single chip;
  • the core device of the buck module is the switching power supply chip of the LM2675 model.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a circuit structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing the circuit structure of the battery power management unit of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram showing the circuit structure of the wireless communication unit of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram showing the circuit structure of the measuring unit of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram showing the circuit structure of the display control unit of FIG. 1.
  • Battery power management unit 1 first control module 11, switch detection module 12, charge management module 13, lithium battery 14, switch control module 15, DC-DC buck module 16, charging interface 17, power switch 18;
  • Wireless communication unit 2 second control module 21, first serial interface 22, radio frequency communication module 23, radio frequency power amplifier module 24, antenna 25;
  • Measurement unit 3 reference voltage interface 31, reference current interface 32, device under test current interface 33, reference voltage/current conditioning module 34, current conditioning module 35 under test, second-order anti-aliasing low-pass filter 36, AD conversion Module 37, FFT digital signal processing module 38, second serial interface 39;
  • the display control unit 4 the main control module 41, the keyboard module 42, the liquid crystal display module 43, the storage module 44, the printer module 45, the wireless communication interface 46, the measurement communication interface 47, the upper computer communication interface 48, and the U disk interface 49.
  • the relative dielectric loss and capacitance tester of this embodiment is mainly composed of a portable case and a circuit device installed in the portable case.
  • the circuit device mainly includes an operation panel, a battery power management unit 1, a wireless communication unit 2, a measurement unit 3, and a display control unit 4.
  • the display control unit 4 is electrically connected to the wireless communication unit 2 and the measurement unit 3, respectively.
  • the battery power management unit 1 is used to provide working power to the other units.
  • the display control module 4 and the measurement module 3 The communication method of the wireless communication module 2 preferably uses RS232 bus communication.
  • the battery power management unit 1 is mainly composed of a first control module 11, a switch detection module 12, a charge management module 13, a lithium battery 14, a switch control module 15, a DC-DC buck module 16, a charging interface 17, and
  • the power switch 18 is composed of.
  • the switch detection signal input end of the first control module 11 is electrically connected to the signal output end signal of the switch machine detection module 12; the charge management signal communication end of the first control module 11 and the charge control signal communication end of the charge management module 13 are bidirectional signals. Electrical connection; the signal input end of the switch detection module 12 is electrically connected to the power switch 18; the charging power input end of the charge management module 13 is electrically connected to the charging interface 17; the charging power input end of the lithium battery 14 and the power supply of the charging management module 13 The output end is electrically connected; the control signal input end of the switch control mode 15 is electrically connected to the switch control signal output end signal of the first control module 11; the power input end of the switch control mode 15 and the power output end of the lithium battery 14 are electrically connected; The control signal input end of the DC-DC buck module 16 is electrically connected to the power output control end signal of the first control module 11; the power input end and the power switch of the DC-DC buck module 16 The power output terminal of the control module 15 is electrically connected; when the power output
  • the core device of the first control module 11 preferably adopts the MSP430F2012 single chip microcomputer, and the main frequency is 16MHz, and has a PWM timer, which can generate a PWM signal with a frequency of 62.5KHZ and an 8-bit resolution, and a multi-channel 10-bit AD modulus.
  • the converter collects battery voltage and current.
  • the switch detection module 12 is configured to detect whether the power switch 18 is pressed and transmit the detected signal to the first control module 11 to determine whether to turn on or off.
  • the charging management module 13 includes a detecting circuit of an external power source, a PWM charging circuit, a battery voltage detecting circuit, and a charging current detecting circuit.
  • the charging management module 13 charges and manages the lithium battery 14 under the control of the first control module 11.
  • the switch control module 15 can cut off the power supply to the DC-DC buck module 16 under the control of the first control module 11 to realize automatic shutdown; the core device of the DC-DC buck module 16 preferably uses the LM2675 high efficiency in this embodiment.
  • the switching power supply chip has an output of 5V.
  • the wireless communication unit 2 is mainly composed of a second control module 21, a first serial interface 22, a radio frequency communication module 23, a radio frequency power amplifier module 24, and an antenna 25.
  • the second control module 21 is electrically connected to the bidirectional signals of the first serial interface 22 and the radio frequency communication module 23, respectively; the radio frequency power amplifier module 24 is electrically connected to the bidirectional signals of the radio frequency communication module 23 and the antenna 25, respectively.
  • the core device of the radio frequency communication module 23 is preferably a radio frequency chip SI4463 based on the 433 MHz frequency band in the embodiment; the first serial interface 22 uses a UART serial interface for communicating with the display control unit 4; the purpose of setting the radio frequency power amplifier module 24 It is used in the long-distance reliable communication with the supporting host computer to realize data interaction.
  • the wireless communication direct viewing distance is up to 2 kilometers under open conditions.
  • the measuring unit 3 is mainly composed of a reference voltage interface 31, a reference current interface 32, a device current interface 33 to be tested, a reference voltage/current conditioning module 34, a current conditioning module to be tested 35, and a second-order anti-aliasing low-pass filter. 36.
  • the AD conversion module 37, the FFT digital signal processing module 38, and the second serial interface 39 are formed.
  • the reference voltage interface 31, the reference current interface 32, and the device current interface 33 to be inspected are respectively disposed on the operation panel; the reference voltage/current conditioning module 34 is electrically connected to the reference voltage interface 31 and the reference current interface 32, respectively; the current conditioning module to be tested 35 is electrically connected to the device interface current interface 33; the second-order anti-aliasing low-pass filter 36 is electrically connected to the reference voltage/current conditioning module 34 and the measured current conditioning module 35, respectively; the AD conversion module 37 and the second-order anti-aliasing The low pass filter 36 is electrically connected; the AD conversion module 37 is electrically coupled to the FFT digital signal processing module 38 bidirectional signal; the FFT digital signal processing module 38 is electrically coupled to the second serial interface 39 bidirectional signal; the second serial interface 39 and display The control unit 4 communicates.
  • the reference voltage/current conditioning module 34 includes a multi-speed sampling resistor and a variable gain amplifier that enables ultra-wide range measurement of the input signal.
  • the second order anti-aliasing low pass filter 36 includes a typical second order Butterworth active low pass filter and a first order passive RC low pass filter for efficient digital filtering.
  • the MSP430AFE2xx series of analog analog front end (AFE) ultra-low power 16-bit microcontrollers introduced by Texas Instruments TI for metrology and smart grid applications are preferably used.
  • Cortex-M4 STM32F405 model CPU with a floating point arithmetic unit manufactured by STMicroelectronics ST is preferably used.
  • the display control unit 4 is mainly composed of a main control module 41, a keyboard module 42, a liquid crystal display module 43, a storage module 44, a printer module 45, a wireless communication interface 46, a measurement communication interface 47, a host computer communication interface 48, and a USB flash drive.
  • Interface 49 is composed.
  • the keyboard module 42, the liquid crystal display module 43, the host computer communication interface 48, and the U disk interface 49 are respectively disposed on the operation panel; the printer module 45 is disposed on the portable case.
  • the main control module 41 is electrically connected to the keyboard module 42; the liquid crystal display module 43 and the printer module 45 are electrically connected to the main control module 41; the main control module 41 is electrically connected to the storage module 44 and the U disk interface 49, respectively;
  • the control module 41 is electrically connected to the first serial interface 22 of the wireless communication unit 2 via a wireless communication interface 46; the main control module 41 is electrically connected to the second serial interface 39 of the measurement unit 3 via the measurement communication interface 47;
  • the main control module 41 can be selectively electrically connected to the associated host computer wired signal through the host computer communication interface 48.
  • a high performance microprocessor of the S3C44B0 model based on the ARM7TDMI core of Samsung is preferably used.
  • Printer Module 45 Core Device In this embodiment, a micro thermal printer with 8-bit parallel port communication is preferred.
  • the battery power management unit 1 is responsible for charging and discharging the lithium battery 14 built in the instrument and generating the working power of each module and controlling the power switch.
  • the display control unit 4 is responsible for human-computer interaction, and is responsible for monitoring the user to operate through the keyboard module 42 and correspondingly Displaying, and controlling the measurement unit 3 to perform measurement and reading measurement data and performing operations of display, storage, printing, etc., responsible for transmitting measurement data to the wireless communication unit 2; wireless communication Unit 2 is responsible for online communication with the host computer of the matching setting, and uploads the measurement data to the host computer in real time.
  • the display control unit 4 communicates with the measuring unit 3 and the wireless communication unit 2 in the form of RS232.
  • the entire instrument is unified by the display control unit 4, which is responsible for coordinating and controlling each module to operate according to the process.
  • the relative dielectric loss and capacitance tester of the foregoing embodiment supports an absolute measurement method in which a voltage is taken from the secondary side of the PT as a reference or a relative measurement method in which an in-phase sample is taken as a reference; when used, according to the object to be measured After the correct wiring, press the power switch 18 to start the instrument, the instrument will automatically work:
  • the measuring unit 3 is mainly responsible for collecting the PT secondary side voltage, the final screen leakage current data and the digital signal processing; the reference voltage/current conditioning module 34 of the measuring unit 3 or the measured current conditioning module 35 obtains the signal from the corresponding interface through the second order
  • the anti-aliasing low pass filter 36 effectively digitally filters and sends the signal to the AD conversion module 37; the AD conversion module 37 converts the analog signal into a digital signal under the control of the FFT digital signal processing module 38 and automatically transmits the digital quantity to
  • the FFT digital signal processing module 38 calculates processing, and the FFT digital signal processing module 38 calculates parameters such as voltage, current RMS, frequency, and phase difference by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and spectral leakage correction algorithms.
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • the display control unit 4 receives the keyboard command through the keyboard module 42 and completes the human-computer interaction; the display control unit 4 communicates with the measurement unit 3, and controls the measurement unit 3 to start the measurement and read the measurement data of the measurement unit 3 in real time, on the one hand through the liquid crystal display module. 43 is displayed in real time; the storage module 44 performs storage, and if necessary, the U disk interface 49 can be used to store data by using the U disk; the printer module 45 performs print output; on the other hand, the display control unit 4 uploads data to the wireless communication unit 2 in real time.
  • the supporting upper computer implements synchronous monitoring.
  • 3 measurable display shows the capacitance ratio and relative dielectric loss value of the equipment under test and the reference equipment. It also puts the test data of the reference equipment first, and directly reads the capacitance and dielectric loss value of the equipment under test, which is convenient for comparison with the power failure test data. ;
  • the high-precision analog-to-digital converter is used to synchronously and high-speed sample the reference signal and the test signal, and then the signal is FFT-transformed. After the digital filtering algorithm, the capacitance ratio and dielectric loss value between the test sample and the reference sample are obtained.
  • the test data is not affected by harmonics and has strong anti-interference ability;
  • 5 can automatically track the frequency of the test signal, can adapt to the measurement of dielectric loss in the 45Hz ⁇ 65Hz power frequency range;
  • the relative dielectric loss and capacitance tester of the present invention adopts a portable case, and the circuit device is installed in the portable case body, and has a compact structure and is convenient to carry, and is suitable for outdoor operation of the power supply department.
  • the relative dielectric loss and capacitance tester of the present invention is used on the operation panel during wiring and operation, and the operation interface is straightforward; the large-screen dot-matrix liquid crystal display can display various measurement data in real time during operation; the measurement data is automatically Save; micro thermal printer can print out the measurement results; can use external U disk to assist storage; easy to operate, easy to use.
  • the composition of the passage is straightforward; the large-screen dot-matrix liquid crystal display can display various measurement data in real time during operation; the measurement data is automatically Save; micro thermal printer can print out the measurement results; can use external U disk to assist storage; easy to operate, easy to use.
  • the relative dielectric loss and capacitance tester of the present invention has absolute and relative measurement functions, and can be flexibly selected according to site conditions; and has various detection functions, which can electrically detect the dielectric loss, capacitance and capacitance of the capacitive device.
  • the resistive current and capacitive current parameters of the zinc oxide arrester can be used and verified as a conventional dielectric loss tester;
  • the relative dielectric loss and capacitance tester of the present invention can automatically track the frequency of the test signal when used, and can adapt to the measurement of dielectric loss in the power frequency range of 45 Hz to 65 Hz; the sampling signal is effectively filtered and then subjected to high precision mode.
  • the digital converter performs synchronous high-speed sampling on the reference signal and the test signal, and then performs FFT transformation on the signal, and obtains a capacitance ratio and a dielectric loss value between the test sample and the reference sample through a digital filtering algorithm; the test data is not affected by harmonics. Influence, strong anti-interference ability; high test accuracy.
  • the relative dielectric loss and capacitance tester of the invention has a built-in large-capacity lithium ion battery, can work continuously for 8 hours, is not limited by the on-site power supply; and has an automatic shutdown function, if there is no operation within ten minutes, Shut down.

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Abstract

一种相对介损及电容量测试仪，包括便携式盒体和设于便携式盒体内的电路装置；电路装置包括操作面板、电池电源管理单元(1)、无线通信单元(2)、测量单元(3)和显示控制单元(4)；显示控制单元(4)分别与无线通信单元(2)和测量单元(3)双向信号电连接；电池电源管理单元(1)用于工作时提供电源；工作时测量单元(3)在显示控制单元(4)的控制下负责PT二次侧电压、末屏泄漏电流数据的采集及数字信号处理；显示控制单元(4)通过键盘完成人机交互，控制测量单元(3)启动测量并实时读取测量单元(3)的测量数据进行实时显示、存储、打印输出；需要时显示控制单元(4)将数据通过无线通信单元(2)实时上传给配套的上位机实施同步监控。该测试仪结构紧凑、便于携带、使用时功能全面、测试精度高且操作方便。

Description

相对介损及电容量测试仪 技术领域
本发明涉及电力系统测试工具技术领域，具体涉及一种用于对供电系统中的容性设备的相对介质损耗因数及电容量比值进行测量的相对介损及电容量测试仪。
背景技术
电容型电流互感器、电容式电压互感器、耦合电容器、电容性套管等容性设备以及金属氧化物避雷器的绝缘状态事关供电设备的安全运行和供电安全，由于容性设备容易因绝缘受潮、油质劣化等原因使得绝缘受损，因而需要定期对运行中的容性设备绝缘状态进行带电测试；当前常用的检测方法是采用相应的装置检测容性设备的相对介质损耗因数等状态参量并加以分析，进而判断和评价被测试的容性设备的绝缘状态。所谓相对介质损耗因数，是指两个电容型设备在并联情况下或异相相同电压下在电容末端测得两个电流矢量差，对该差值进行正切换算所得的数值。
目前常见的用于相对介损及电容量测试的装置，大都存在功能不全面、测试精度不高、携带和操作不便等问题，因此，研发一种功能全面、测试精度高、携带和使用方便的相对介损及电容量测试，对提高供电部门检测容性设备的速度和质量、保障供电安全，显得十分必要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是：针对现有技术中存在的问题，提供一种结构紧凑、便于携带、使用时功能全面、测试精度高且操作方便的相对介损及电容量测试仪。
本发明的技术方案是：本发明的相对介损及电容量测试仪，其结构特点是：包括便携式盒体和安装在便携式盒体内的电路装置；上述的电路装置包括操作面板、电池电源管理单元、无线通信单元、测量单元和显示控制单元；
显示控制单元分别与无线通信单元和测量单元双向信号电连接；电池电源管理单元使用时用于提供工作电源；
上述的测量单元包括参考电压接口、参考电流接口、被检设备电流接口、参考电压/电流调理模块、被测电流调理模块、二阶抗混叠低通滤波器、AD转换模块、FFT数字信号处理模块和第二串行接口；
参考电压接口、参考电流接口和被检设备电流接口均分别设置在操作面板上；参考电压/电流调理模块分别与参考电压接口和参考电流接口电连接；被测电流调理模 块与被检设备电流接口电连接；二阶抗混叠低通滤波器分别与参考电压/电流调理模块和被测电流调理模块电连接；AD转换模块与二阶抗混叠低通滤波器电连接；AD转换模块与FFT数字信号处理模块双向信号电连接；FFT数字信号处理模块与第二串行接口双向信号电连接；
显示控制单元包括主控模块、键盘模块、液晶显示模块、存储模块、打印机模块、无线通信接口、测量通信接口、上位机通信接口和U盘接口；
键盘模块、液晶显示模块、上位机通信接口以及U盘接口均分别设置在操作面板上；打印机模块设置在便携式盒体上；
主控模块与键盘模块信号电连接；液晶显示模块和打印机模块分别与主控模块信号电连接；主控模块分别与存储模块和U盘接口双向信号电连接；主控模块通过无线通信接口与无线通信单元通信；主控模块的测量通信接口与测量单元的第二串行接口双向信号电连接。
进一步的方案是：上述的无线通信单元包括第二控制模块、第一串行接口、射频通信模块、射频功放模块和天线；
第二控制模块分别与第一串行接口和射频通信模块双向信号电连接；射频功放模块分别与射频通信模块和天线双向信号电连接。
进一步的方案是：上述的电池电源管理单元包括第一控制模块、开关机检测模块、充电管理模块、锂电池、开关机控制模块、DC-DC降压模块、充电接口和电源开关；充电接口和电源开关设置在操作面板上；
第一控制模块设有开关机检测信号输入端、充电管理信号通信端、开关机控制信号输出端和电源输出控制端；开关机检测模块设有信号输入端和信号输出端；充电管理模块设有充电电源输入端、充电控制信号通信端和电源输出端；锂电池设有充电电源输入端和电源输出端；开关机控制模设有控制信号输入端、电源输入端和电源输出端；DC-DC降压模块设有控制信号输入端、电源输入端和电源输出端；
第一控制模块的开关机检测信号输入端与开关机检测模块的信号输出端信号电连接；第一控制模块的充电管理信号通信端与充电管理模块的充电控制信号通信端双向信号电连接；开关机检测模块的信号输入端与电源开关电连接；充电管理模块的充电电源输入端与充电接口电连接；锂电池的充电电源输入端与充电管理模块的电源输出端电连接；开关机控制模的控制信号输入端与第一控制模块的开关机控制信号输出端信号电连接；开关机控制模的电源输入端与锂电池的电源输出端电连接；DC-DC降压模块的控制信号输入端与第一控制模块的电源输出控制端信号电连接；DC-DC降压 模块的电源输入端与开关机控制模的电源输出端电连接；DC-DC降压模块的电源输出端使用时输出工作电源。
进一步的方案是：上述的测量单元的参考电压/电流调理模块包括多档取样电阻和可变增益放大器；二阶抗混叠低通滤波器包括1个二阶巴特沃斯有源低通滤波器和1个一阶无源RC低通滤波器。
进一步的方案是：上述的测量单元的AD转换模块的核心器件为MSP430AFE253型号的超低功耗16位微控制器；FFT数字信号处理模块的核心器件为带浮点运算单元的STM32F405型号的CPU。
进一步的方案是：上述的显示控制单元的主控模块的核心器件为基于ARM7TDMI核的S3C44B0型号的高性能微处理器；打印机模块的核心器件为8位并口通讯的微型热敏打印机。
进一步的方案是：上述的无线通信单元的射频通信模块的核心器件为基于433MHz频段的SI4463型号的无线射频芯片。
进一步的方案还有：上述的电池电源管理单元的充电管理模块包括外接电源检测电路、PWM充电电路、电池电压检测电路和充电电流检测电路；第一控制模块的核心器件为MSP430F2012单片机；DC-DC降压模块的核心器件为LM2675型号的开关电源芯片。
附图说明
图1为本发明的电路结构示意框图；
图2为图1中的电池电源管理单元的电路结构示意框图；
图3为图1中的无线通信单元的电路结构示意框图；
图4为图1中的测量单元的电路结构示意框图；
图5为图1中的显示控制单元的电路结构示意框图。
上述附图中的附图标记如下：
电池电源管理单元1，第一控制模块11，开关机检测模块12，充电管理模块13，锂电池14，开关机控制模块15，DC-DC降压模块16，充电接口17，电源开关18；
无线通信单元2，第二控制模块21，第一串行接口22，射频通信模块23，射频功放模块24，天线25；
测量单元3，参考电压接口31，参考电流接口32，被检设备电流接口33，参考电压/电流调理模块34，被测电流调理模块35，二阶抗混叠低通滤波器36，AD转换 模块37，FFT数字信号处理模块38，第二串行接口39；
显示控制单元4，主控模块41，键盘模块42，液晶显示模块43，存储模块44，打印机模块45，无线通信接口46，测量通信接口47，上位机通信接口48，U盘接口49。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
(实施例1)
见图1，本实施例的相对介损及电容量测试仪，主要由便携式盒体和安装在便携式盒体内的电路装置组成。电路装置主要包括操作面板、电池电源管理单元1、无线通信单元2、测量单元3和显示控制单元4。
显示控制单元4分别与无线通信单元2和测量单元3双向信号电连接，电池电源管理单元1使用时用于对其他各单元提供工作电源；本实施例中，显示控制模块4与测量模块3及无线通讯模块2的通信方式优选采用RS232总线通信。
见图2，电池电源管理单元1主要由第一控制模块11、开关机检测模块12、充电管理模块13、锂电池14、开关机控制模块15、DC-DC降压模块16、充电接口17和电源开关18组成。
第一控制模块11设有开关机检测信号输入端、充电管理信号通信端、开关机控制信号输出端和电源输出控制端；开关机检测模块12设有信号输入端和信号输出端；充电管理模块13设有充电电源输入端、充电控制信号通信端和电源输出端；锂电池14设有充电电源输入端和电源输出端；开关机控制模15设有控制信号输入端、电源输入端和电源输出端；DC-DC降压模块16设有控制信号输入端、电源输入端和电源输出端；充电接口17和电源开关18设置在操作面板上；
第一控制模块11的开关机检测信号输入端与开关机检测模块12的信号输出端信号电连接；第一控制模块11的充电管理信号通信端与充电管理模块13的充电控制信号通信端双向信号电连接；开关机检测模块12的信号输入端与电源开关18电连接；充电管理模块13的充电电源输入端与充电接口17电连接；锂电池14的充电电源输入端与充电管理模块13的电源输出端电连接；开关机控制模15的控制信号输入端与第一控制模块11的开关机控制信号输出端信号电连接；开关机控制模15的电源输入端与锂电池14的电源输出端电连接；DC-DC降压模块16的控制信号输入端与第一控制模块11的电源输出控制端信号电连接；DC-DC降压模块16的电源输入端与开关机 控制模15的电源输出端电连接；DC-DC降压模块16的电源输出端使用时用于对其他各单元提供工作电源。
第一控制模块11的核心器件本实施例中优选采用MSP430F2012单片机，其主频为16MHz，具有PWM定时器，可以产生频率为62.5KHZ 8位分辨率为的PWM信号，多通道10位AD模数转换器可采集电池电压及电流。
开关机检测模块12用于检测电源开关18是否按下并将检测的信号传输给第一控制模块11判断是开机或是关机。
充电管理模块13包括是否外接电源的检测电路、PWM充电电路、电池电压检测电路和充电电流检测电路；充电管理模块13在第一控制模块11的控制下对锂电池14进行充电和管理。
开关机控制模块15可在第一控制模块11的控制下切断向DC-DC降压模块16供电电源，实现自动关机；DC-DC降压模块16的核心器件本实施例中优选采用LM2675高效率开关电源芯片，其输出为5V。
见图3，无线通信单元2主要由第二控制模块21、第一串行接口22、射频通信模块23、射频功放模块24和天线25组成。
第二控制模块21分别与第一串行接口22和射频通信模块23双向信号电连接；射频功放模块24分别与射频通信模块23和天线25双向信号电连接。
射频通信模块23的核心器件本实施例中优选采用基于433MHz频段的无线射频芯片SI4463；第一串行接口22采用UART串行接口，用于和显示控制单元4通信；设置射频功放模块24的目的在于使用时与配套的上位机实现远距离可靠通信以实现数据交互。本实施例中，其在空旷条件下无线通讯直视距离可达2公里。
见图4，测量单元3主要由参考电压接口31、参考电流接口32、被检设备电流接口33、参考电压/电流调理模块34、被测电流调理模块35、二阶抗混叠低通滤波器36、AD转换模块37、FFT数字信号处理模块38和第二串行接口39组成。
参考电压接口31、参考电流接口32和被检设备电流接口33均分别设置在操作面板上；参考电压/电流调理模块34分别与参考电压接口31和参考电流接口32电连接；被测电流调理模块35与被检设备电流接口33电连接；二阶抗混叠低通滤波器36分别与参考电压/电流调理模块34和被测电流调理模块35电连接；AD转换模块37与二阶抗混叠低通滤波器36电连接；AD转换模块37与FFT数字信号处理模块38双向信号电连接；FFT数字信号处理模块38与第二串行接口39双向信号电连接；第二串行接口39和显示控制单元4通信。
参考电压/电流调理模块34包括多档取样电阻和可变增益放大器，可实现输入信号的超宽范围测量。
二阶抗混叠低通滤波器36包括1个典型的二阶巴特沃斯有源低通滤波器和1个一阶无源RC低通滤波器，以实现有效的数字滤波。
AD转换模块37的核心器件本实施例中优选采用美国德州仪器TI针对计量与智能电网应用推出的MSP430AFE2xx系列计量模拟前端(AFE)超低功耗16位微控制器。
FFT数字信号处理模块38的核心器件本实施例中优选采用意法半导体ST生产的Cortex-M4带浮点运算单元的STM32F405型号的CPU。
见图5，显示控制单元4主要由主控模块41、键盘模块42、液晶显示模块43、存储模块44、打印机模块45、无线通信接口46、测量通信接口47、上位机通信接口48和U盘接口49组成。
键盘模块42、液晶显示模块43、上位机通信接口48以及U盘接口49均分别设置在操作面板上；打印机模块45设置在便携式盒体上。
主控模块41与键盘模块42信号电连接；液晶显示模块43和打印机模块45分别与主控模块41信号电连接；主控模块41分别与存储模块44和U盘接口49双向信号电连接；主控模块41通过无线通信接口46与无线通信单元2的第一串行接口22双向信号电连接；主控模块41通过测量通信接口47与测量单元3的第二串行接口39双向信号电连接；主控模块41可选择性地通过上位机通信接口48与配套的上位机有线信号电连接。
主控模块41的核心器件本实施例中优选采用三星公司基于ARM7TDMI核的S3C44B0型号的高性能微处理器。打印机模块45核心器件本实施例中优选采用8位并口通讯的微型热敏打印机。
(应用例)
前述实施例的相对介损及电容量测试仪，其在使用时的工作原理和工作过程简述如下：
电池电源管理单元1负责对仪器内置的锂电池14进行充放电管理以及产生各模块工作电源以及控制电源开关机；显示控制单元4负责人机交互，负责监视用户通过键盘模块42操作并做出相应显示，以及控制测量单元3进行测量并读取测量数据以及执行显示、储存、打印等操作，负责将测量数据发送给无线通讯单元2；无线通讯 单元2负责与配套设置的上位机联机通讯，实时将测量数据上传到上位机。显示控制单元4与测量单元3以及无线通讯单元2采用RS232形式通讯，整个仪器统一由显示控制单元4为主负责协调控制各模块按流程工作。
前述实施例的相对介损及电容量测试仪，支持从PT二次侧取电压作为参考的绝对测量法或者取同相试品作为参考的相对测量法；其在使用时，根据所需测量的对象正确接线后，按下电源开关18开机，仪器即可自动进行工作：
测量单元3主要负责PT二次侧电压、末屏泄漏电流数据的采集及数字信号处理；测量单元3的参考电压/电流调理模块34或被测电流调理模块35从相应的接口取得信号经二阶抗混叠低通滤波器36有效的数字滤波后将信号发送给AD转换模块37；AD转换模块37在FFT数字信号处理模块38的控制下将模拟信号转换为数字信号并自动将数字量发送给FFT数字信号处理模块38计算处理，FFT数字信号处理模块38将数据经快速傅里叶变换(FFT)及频谱泄漏校正算法计算出电压、电流有效值、频率、相位差等参数。
显示控制单元4通过键盘模块42接收键盘命令、完成人机交互；显示控制单元4与测量单元3通信，控制测量单元3启动测量并实时读取测量单元3的测量数据，一方面通过液晶显示模块43进行实时显示；存储模块44进行存储，必要时还可通过U盘接口49利用U盘存储数据；打印机模块45执行打印输出；另一方面显示控制单元4将数据通过无线通信单元2实时上传给配套的上位机实施同步监控。
前述实施例的相对介损及电容量测试仪，其在使用时的功能特点有：
①同时具备绝对法和相对法测量功能，可根据现场情况灵活选用；
②具备多种检测功能，可带电检测电容型设备的介质损耗、电容量和氧化锌避雷器的阻性电流、容性电流参数，并可作为常规介损测试仪器(外施电源)使用和校验；
③可测量显示被试设备与参考设备的电容比和相对介损值，也先置入参考设备的试验数据，直读被试设备的电容量和介损值，便于和停电试验数据做比对；
④内部采用高精度模数转换器对参考信号和被试信号进行同步高速采样，再对信号进行FFT变换，经过数字滤波算法，得到被试品与参考试品之间电容比和介损值；试验数据不受谐波影响，抗干扰能力强；
⑤可以自动跟踪试验信号的频率，能适应45Hz～65Hz工频范围内介损的测量；
⑥实时显示各测量数据，并可连续测量保存为数据报表；机内可保存多达4000组测量数据，还可将测量结果存到外接U盘；微型热敏打印机可打印输出测量结果；
⑦内置大容量锂离子电池，可连续工作8小时，方便随身携带测量，不受现场供 电电源限制；具有自动关机功能，十分钟内无任何操作自动关机；
⑧大屏幕点阵液晶显示器，阳光下能清晰显示；操作界面直观明了，用户只需按提示操作即可；
⑨具有RS232和USB接口，可用U盘进行软件升级。
前述实施例的相对介损及电容量测试仪，其在使用时的主要技术指标如下：
Figure PCTCN2016090834-appb-000001
以上实施例是对本发明的具体实施方式的说明，而非对本发明的限制，有关技术 领域的技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，还可以做出各种变换和变化而得到相对应的等同的技术方案，因此所有等同的技术方案均应该归入本发明的专利保护范围。
工业应用性
本发明具有积极的效果：
(1)本发明的相对介损及电容量测试仪，采用便携式盒体，电路装置安装在便携式盒体内，结构紧凑、便于携带，适用于供电部门户外作业之用。
(2)本发明的相对介损及电容量测试仪，使用时接线和操作均在操作面板上进行，操作界面直观明了；工作时大屏幕点阵液晶显示器能够实时显示各测量数据；测量数据自动保存；微型热敏打印机可打印输出测量结果；可利用外接U盘辅助存储；操作方便十分方便，易于操作人员使用。通过的组成。
(3)本发明的相对介损及电容量测试仪，具有绝对法和相对法测量功能，可根据现场情况灵活选用；具备多种检测功能，可带电检测电容型设备的介质损耗、电容量和氧化锌避雷器的阻性电流、容性电流参数，并可作为常规介损测试仪器使用和校验；功能全面。
(4)本发明的相对介损及电容量测试仪，其使用时可自动跟踪试验信号的频率，能适应45Hz～65Hz工频范围内介损的测量；采样信号经有效滤波后由高精度模数转换器对参考信号和被试信号进行同步高速采样，再对信号进行FFT变换，经过数字滤波算法，得到被试品与参考试品之间电容比和介损值；试验数据不受谐波影响，抗干扰能力强；测试精度高。
(5)本发明的相对介损及电容量测试仪，内置大容量锂离子电池，可连续工作8小时，不受现场供电电源限制；且具有自动关机功能，若十分钟内无任何操作则自动关机。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种相对介损及电容量测试仪，其特征在于：包括便携式盒体和安装在便携式盒体内的电路装置；所述的电路装置包括操作面板、电池电源管理单元(1)、无线通信单元(2)、测量单元(3)和显示控制单元(4)；
    显示控制单元(4)分别与无线通信单元(2)和测量单元(3)双向信号电连接；电池电源管理单元(1)使用时用于提供工作电源；
    所述的测量单元(3)包括参考电压接口(31)、参考电流接口(32)、被检设备电流接口(33)、参考电压/电流调理模块(34)、被测电流调理模块(35)、二阶抗混叠低通滤波器(36)、AD转换模块(37)、FFT数字信号处理模块(38)和第二串行接口(39)；
    参考电压接口(31)、参考电流接口(32)和被检设备电流接口(33)均分别设置在操作面板上；参考电压/电流调理模块(34)分别与参考电压接口(31)和参考电流接口(32)电连接；被测电流调理模块(35)与被检设备电流接口(33)电连接；二阶抗混叠低通滤波器(36)分别与参考电压/电流调理模块(34)和被测电流调理模块(35)电连接；AD转换模块(37)与二阶抗混叠低通滤波器(36)电连接；AD转换模块(37)与FFT数字信号处理模块(38)双向信号电连接；FFT数字信号处理模块(38)与第二串行接口(39)双向信号电连接；
    显示控制单元(4)包括主控模块(41)、键盘模块(42)、液晶显示模块(43)、存储模块(44)、打印机模块(45)、无线通信接口(46)、测量通信接口(47)、上位机通信接口(48)和U盘接口(49)；
    键盘模块(42)、液晶显示模块(43)、上位机通信接口(48)以及U盘接口(49)均分别设置在操作面板上；打印机模块(45)设置在便携式盒体上；
    主控模块(41)与键盘模块(42)信号电连接；液晶显示模块(43)和打印机模块(45)分别与主控模块(41)信号电连接；主控模块(41)分别与存储模块(44)和U盘接口(49)双向信号电连接；主控模块(41)通过无线通信接口(46)与无线通信单元(2)通信；主控模块(41)的测量通信接口(47)与测量单元(3)的第二串行接口(39)双向信号电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的相对介损及电容量测试仪，其特征在于：所述的无线通信单元(2)包括第二控制模块(21)、第一串行接口(22)、射频通信模块(23)、射频功放模块(24)和天线(25)；
    第二控制模块(21)分别与第一串行接口(22)和射频通信模块(23)双向 信号电连接；射频功放模块(24)分别与射频通信模块(23)和天线(25)双向信号电连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的相对介损及电容量测试仪，其特征在于：所述的电池电源管理单元(1)包括第一控制模块(11)、开关机检测模块(12)、充电管理模块(13)、锂电池(14)、开关机控制模块(15)、DC-DC降压模块(16)、充电接口(17)和电源开关(18)；充电接口(17)和电源开关(18)设置在操作面板上；
    第一控制模块(11)设有开关机检测信号输入端、充电管理信号通信端、开关机控制信号输出端和电源输出控制端；开关机检测模块(12)设有信号输入端和信号输出端；充电管理模块(13)设有充电电源输入端、充电控制信号通信端和电源输出端；锂电池(14)设有充电电源输入端和电源输出端；开关机控制模(15)设有控制信号输入端、电源输入端和电源输出端；DC-DC降压模块(16)设有控制信号输入端、电源输入端和电源输出端；
    第一控制模块(11)的开关机检测信号输入端与开关机检测模块(12)的信号输出端信号电连接；第一控制模块(11)的充电管理信号通信端与充电管理模块(13)的充电控制信号通信端双向信号电连接；开关机检测模块(12)的信号输入端与电源开关(18)电连接；充电管理模块(13)的充电电源输入端与充电接口(17)电连接；锂电池(14)的充电电源输入端与充电管理模块(13)的电源输出端电连接；开关机控制模(15)的控制信号输入端与第一控制模块(11)的开关机控制信号输出端信号电连接；开关机控制模(15)的电源输入端与锂电池(14)的电源输出端电连接；DC-DC降压模块(16)的控制信号输入端与第一控制模块(11)的电源输出控制端信号电连接；DC-DC降压模块(16)的电源输入端与开关机控制模(15)的电源输出端电连接；DC-DC降压模块(16)的电源输出端使用时输出工作电源。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的相对介损及电容量测试仪，其特征在于：所述的测量单元(3)的参考电压/电流调理模块(34)包括多档取样电阻和可变增益放大器；二阶抗混叠低通滤波器(36)包括1个二阶巴特沃斯有源低通滤波器和1个一阶无源RC低通滤波器。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的相对介损及电容量测试仪，其特征在于：所述的测量单元(3)的AD转换模块(37)的核心器件为MSP430AFE253型号的超低功耗16位微控制器；FFT数字信号处理模块(38)的核心器件为带浮点运算单元的 STM32F405型号的CPU。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的相对介损及电容量测试仪，其特征在于：所述的显示控制单元(4)的主控模块(41)的核心器件为基于ARM7TDMI核的S3C44B0型号的高性能微处理器；打印机模块(45)的核心器件为8位并口通讯的微型热敏打印机。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的相对介损及电容量测试仪，其特征在于：所述的无线通信单元(2)的射频通信模块(23)的核心器件为基于433MHz频段的SI4463型号的无线射频芯片。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的相对介损及电容量测试仪，其特征在于：所述的电池电源管理单元(1)的充电管理模块(13)包括外接电源检测电路、PWM充电电路、电池电压检测电路和充电电流检测电路；第一控制模块(11)的核心器件为MSP430F2012单片机；DC-DC降压模块(16)的核心器件为LM2675型号的开关电源芯片。
PCT/CN2016/090834 2015-07-24 2016-07-21 相对介损及电容量测试仪 WO2017016431A1 (zh)

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