WO2017016370A1 - 一种具有自校功能的特高压ct线圈设计方法 - Google Patents

一种具有自校功能的特高压ct线圈设计方法 Download PDF

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WO2017016370A1
WO2017016370A1 PCT/CN2016/087823 CN2016087823W WO2017016370A1 WO 2017016370 A1 WO2017016370 A1 WO 2017016370A1 CN 2016087823 W CN2016087823 W CN 2016087823W WO 2017016370 A1 WO2017016370 A1 WO 2017016370A1
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winding
current
self
error data
current transformer
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French (fr)
Inventor
王欢
王晓琪
项琼
冯宇
徐思恩
岳长喜
刘浩
朱凯
汪泉
王雪
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R35/00Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass

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  • the invention relates to the field of power grid operation and maintenance, in particular to a design method of an ultra-high voltage CT coil with self-calibration function.
  • CT Current Transformer
  • the periodic detection of CT error characteristics is also an important basis for accurately assessing the economic operation of the power grid.
  • Current transformers for 1000 kV (kV) AC UHV engineering exist in the form of bushing CT coils. Due to the large size and long loop of the 1000kV GIS, it is difficult to test the error characteristics of the CT coil after installation.
  • the current grid engineering is mainly the error test performed before the installation of the CT coil, and in most cases, the equal ampere method is used, that is, winding the conductor once on the CT coil, or winding the conductor once on the tank with the CT coil several meters long. .
  • this test method does not perform a true error characteristic handover test on CT. If the CT error characteristic test is to be performed after the CT installation using the comparison method, it is necessary to form a closed high current test circuit through the two outlet sleeves of the GIS and the standard CT and large-capacity riser on the outside. This method is very difficult to implement in UHV engineering. Even with the grounding knife gate, the grounding flow has only a few hundred amperes, so it cannot be used in steady state high current (3000A ⁇ 6000A). measuring. If this method is used for error measurement, it is required that the circuit breaker, the isolating switch and other equipment are designed and operated according to the large current loop configuration, which puts higher requirements on the equipment manufacturing unit.
  • the power frequency current proportional traceability technology is applied to power engineering to realize on-site self-calibration of CT error characteristics of UHV, which greatly improves the operation and maintenance efficiency and meets the CT periodic error characteristic detection requirements.
  • the most primitive and widespread method for traceability of CT error characteristics is CT self-calibration.
  • the power frequency current sensor is the first to use the 1A:1A method for traceability. If the material, size, and number of ampere-turns of the CT core are properly selected, the accuracy of the CT can reach a very high level even without compensation or the like.
  • the current transformer reference stored in the national high-voltage metering station (primary current range 0-60 kA, accuracy level 2 ⁇ 10 -7 -1 ⁇ 10 -6 ) is self-calibrated.
  • CT self-calibration method is a mature technology, but it has never been used in engineering CT.
  • the main difficulty is that engineering CT has insulation performance and short circuit tolerance in addition to error characteristics.
  • engineering application CT must be simple and safe to use. It is therefore desirable to provide a self-calibrating CT coil design method suitable for UHV engineering applications.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a UHV CT coil design method with a self-calibration function.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 1 winding a secondary winding on a core of the current transformer; the secondary winding includes a first winding and a second winding having the same number of turns;
  • Step 2 When the current transformer works normally, the first winding and the second winding are connected in parallel, and the error data e 11 of the first winding and the error data e 21 of the second winding are measured by a comparison method;
  • the first winding is used as a new primary winding, and the second winding is used as a secondary winding to form a self-calibration module; or, the second winding is used as a new primary winding, and the first winding is used as a secondary winding Form a self-calibration module.
  • the steps included are:
  • Step 211 Passing current C 1 to the first winding
  • Step 212 detecting a current C 2 generated in the second winding due to electromagnetic mutual inductance
  • Step 213 Calculate the error data e 22 of the current C 1 and the current C 2 ;
  • Step 214 Compare the error data e 21 and the error data e 22 to determine whether the second winding is faulty.
  • step 2 when the second winding is used as a new primary winding and the first winding is used as a secondary winding to form a self-calibration module, the steps included are:
  • Step 221 Passing current C 1 to the second winding
  • Step 222 detecting a current C 2 generated in the first winding due to electromagnetic mutual inductance
  • Step 223 Calculate the error data e 12 of the current C 1 and the current C 2 ;
  • Step 224 Comparing the error data e 11 and the error data e 12 to determine whether the first winding is faulty;
  • the first winding and the second winding are wound on the core in a spaced and wound manner
  • the first winding is provided with a plug-in connection terminal at both ends, and the second winding is also provided with a plug-in connection terminal at both ends;
  • a protective box is disposed outside the core of the current transformer.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the invention does not need to use a large-capacity current riser, a long wire with thousands of amps and a precision standard device when the error measurement is performed on the current transformer coil, thereby greatly reducing the current at the working site.
  • the first winding and the second winding are wound in a spaced-and-around manner, and the leakage resistance between the two secondary windings is reduced;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the design of an ultra-high voltage CT coil having a self-calibration function according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of a UHV CT coil having a self-calibration function in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of an ultrahigh voltage CT coil having a self-calibration function in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a shielding structure of a UHV CT coil having a self-calibration function in an embodiment of the present invention
  • 1 connecting terminal; 2: protective box; 21: protective case upper case; 22: protective case lower case; 3: secondary winding; 4: iron core.
  • An ultra-high voltage CT coil design method with self-calibration function provided by an embodiment of the present invention Methods include:
  • Step 1 Winding the secondary winding on the core of the current transformer.
  • the secondary winding includes a first winding and a second winding having the same number of turns.
  • the UHV current transformer in this embodiment includes a primary winding N1, a first winding N2, and a second winding N3.
  • Step 2 when the current transformer works normally, the first winding and the second winding are connected in parallel, and the difference data method is used to measure the error data e11 of the first winding and the error data e21 of the second winding;
  • the first winding is used as a new primary winding, and the second winding is used as a secondary winding to form a self-calibration module; or, the second winding is used as a new primary winding, and the first winding is used as a secondary winding Form a self-calibration module.
  • the first winding is used as a new primary winding
  • the second winding is used as a secondary winding to form a self-calibration module, that is, the switches K1 and K2 shown in FIG. 1 are disconnected, and the steps of detecting the second winding include:
  • the second winding is used as a new primary winding
  • the first winding is used as a secondary winding to form a self-calibration module, that is, the switches K1 and K2 shown in FIG. 1 are disconnected, and the steps of detecting the first winding include:
  • the error data e11 and the error data e12 are compared to determine whether the first winding has failed.
  • the first winding and the second winding are wound on the core in a spaced and wound manner, and at the same time, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the plug-type connection terminal S1 and the connection terminal S2 are disposed at both ends of the first winding.
  • a plug-in connection terminal S3 and a connection terminal S4 are also provided at both ends of the second winding to facilitate replacement of the winding connection mode.
  • the spacing and winding means that the two secondary windings, that is, the first winding N2 and the second winding N3, are first brought together and then wound together, with a distance of several millimeters between each turn.
  • the UHV current transformer coil has a large size and is easily interfered by the external magnetic field, which ultimately leads to a non-uniform magnetic flux.
  • the transient current generated by the system switching process and the short-circuit state of the system can reach 50kA to 63kA, and the transient magnetic field generated will generate electrodynamic force on the soft magnetic material of the current transformer coil, resulting in the soft magnetic material in the transient process.
  • the expansion phenomenon occurs, the local magnetic permeability changes, and strong thermal stress is generated.
  • a protection box is disposed outside the core of the current transformer as a shielding layer to alleviate the inconsistency of the magnetic flux of each part of the current transformer coil, or a method of balancing the winding is used to alleviate the inconsistency of the current magnetic flux.
  • the current transformer coil has a rated current ratio of 6000A:1A, that is, one wire is worn at the center of the coil, and the secondary output current should be 1A.
  • the secondary winding is 6000 ⁇ .
  • the secondary output current should be 1A.
  • the second winding Taking the first winding as a new primary winding, the second winding still acts as a secondary winding, and a current of 1A is applied to the first winding, the second winding should theoretically also generate a current of 1 A, and the first winding and the second winding are calculated.
  • Current error in circulation The current error data is compared with current error data flowing through the second winding calculated during normal operation of the current transformer to determine whether the second winding is short-circuited or otherwise damaged.
  • the current error data of the current transformer during normal operation can be obtained through the factory test and handover test of the current transformer.
  • the secondary winding is wound on the core of the current transformer; the secondary winding includes the first winding and the second winding having the same number of ampere turns; when the current transformer performs error calibration, the first winding is used as the first winding a new primary winding, the second winding as a secondary winding composing a self-calibration module; or, the second winding as a new primary winding, the first winding as a secondary winding composing a self-calibration module; compared to the prior art, the present invention
  • the present invention when measuring the error of the current transformer coil, it is not necessary to use a large-capacity current riser, a long wire with thousands of amps, a precision standard device and a compensation capacitor, which greatly reduces the error measurement of the current transformer at the working site. Work simplifies measuring wiring and improves work efficiency.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有自校功能的特高压CT线圈设计方法,所述方法包括步骤1:在电流互感器的铁心(4)上绕制二次绕组(3);二次绕组(3)包括安匝数相同的第一绕组(N2)和第二绕组(N3);步骤2:当电流互感器进行误差校准时,将第一绕组(N2)作为新的一次绕组,第二绕组(N3)作为二次绕组组成自校准模块;或者,将第二绕组(N3)作为新的一次绕组,第一绕组(N2)作为二次绕组组成自校准模块。

Description

一种具有自校功能的特高压CT线圈设计方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电网运行维护领域,具体涉及一种具有自校功能的特高压CT线圈设计方法。
背景技术
作为电能计量装置的电流互感器(Current Transformer,CT),按计量法规定必须进行周期性检测。CT误差特性周期性检测,也是准确评估电网经济运行的重要依据。1000千伏(kV)交流特高压工程用电流互感器以套管式CT线圈的形式存在。由于1000kV GIS尺寸较大、回路长,CT线圈在安装之后很难进行误差特性测试。当前电网工程主要是在CT线圈安装之前进行的误差测试,且多数情况均采用等安匝方法,即在CT线圈上缠绕一次导体,或者在安装有CT线圈数米长的罐体上缠绕一次导线。但是这种试验方法并未对CT进行真正意义上的误差特性交接试验。如果要在CT安装之后使用比较法进行CT误差特性试验,则需要通过GIS的两个出线套管、在其外侧接入标准CT和大容量升流器等设备,形成一个闭合大电流试验回路。这种方法在特高压工程中实施的难度很大,即使借助于接地刀闸,因接地刀闸的通流量仅有数百安培,所以也不能在稳态大电流(3000A~6000A)下进行误差测量。如果采用这种方法进行误差测量,就要求断路器、隔离开关等设备按照大电流回路构成进行设计操作,这对设备制造单位提出了更高的要求。同时,由于试验回路特别长,升流器的容量需求往往很大,通常需要6-8台30kVA的升流器串联使用,且由于测试回路过大,使得现场需要电容器进行电容补偿,导致试验单位在设备投入和人力投入方面存在较大的负担。随着特高压工程的快速建设,设备数量越来越多,应 考虑CT的状态检测及状态评估,减少运维工作量。
将工频电流比例溯源技术应用于电力工程,实现特高压用CT误差特性的现场自校,大大提高运维工作效率,满足CT周期性误差特性检测需求。CT误差特性量值溯源最原始和最广泛的方法就是CT自校,工频电流传感器最早就是采用1A:1A的方式进行量值溯源。如果CT铁心的材料、尺寸,安匝数选择适当,即使不采用补偿等手段,CT的准确度水平可以达到非常高的水平。例如,国家高电压计量站中保存的电流互感器基准(一次电流范围0-60千安(kA),准确度等级为2×10-7-1×10-6)就是采用自校方式进行的误差标定。目前,在欧洲、美国、加拿大等经济发达国家承担电流比例量值溯源与传递的实验室都采用自校手段进行电流互感器最高准确度等级的标定。其中,美国国家标准与技术研究院NIST的电流互感器误差准确度等级为1×10-5;德国联邦物理技术研究院PTB的误差准确度等级为2×10-6-1×10-5;加拿大国家研究院NRC的误差准确度等级为2×10-6-1×10-5
对于测量用CT工作而言,CT自校方法是一种成熟的技术,但却从未在工程CT上采用,主要困难是工程用CT除了误差特性要求外,还有绝缘性能、耐受系统短路电流、长期工作发热等一系列测量用CT没有涉及的运行工况。此外,工程应用CT一定要操作方法简单,使用安全可靠。因此需要提供一种适用于特高压工程应用的自校式CT线圈设计方法。
发明内容
为了满足现有技术的需要,本发明实施例提供了一种具有自校功能的特高压CT线圈设计方法。
本发明实施例的技术方案是:
所述方法包括:
步骤1:在电流互感器的铁心上绕制二次绕组;所述二次绕组包括安匝数相同的第一绕组和第二绕组;
步骤2:当电流互感器正常工作时,将所述第一绕组和第二绕组并联,并采用比较法测量第一绕组的误差数据e11和第二绕组的误差数据e21
当电流互感器进行误差校准时,将第一绕组作为新的一次绕组,第二绕组作为二次绕组组成自校准模块;或者,将第二绕组作为新的一次绕组,第一绕组作为二次绕组组成自校准模块。
在本发明的其他实施例中,所述步骤2中,将第一绕组作为新的一次绕组、第二绕组作为二次绕组组成自校准模块时,包括的步骤为:
步骤211:向第一绕组通入电流C1
步骤212:检测第二绕组中由于电磁互感产生的电流C2
步骤213:计算所述电流C1和电流C2的误差数据e22
步骤214:比较所述误差数据e21和误差数据e22,判断第二绕组是否发生故障;
在本发明的其他实施例中,所述步骤2中,将第二绕组作为新的一次绕组、第一绕组作为二次绕组组成自校准模块时,包括的步骤为:
步骤221:向第二绕组通入电流C1
步骤222:检测第一绕组中由于电磁互感产生的电流C2
步骤223:计算所述电流C1和电流C2的误差数据e12
步骤224:比较所述误差数据e11和误差数据e12,判断第一绕组是否发生故障;
在本发明的其他实施例中,所述第一绕组和第二绕组采用间隔并绕的方式绕制在铁心上;
在本发明的其他实施例中,所述第一绕组两端设置有插拔式的连接端子,第二绕组两端也设置有插拔式的连接端子;
在本发明的其他实施例中,所述电流互感器的铁心外部设置有保护盒。
与最接近的现有技术相比,本发明实施例的有益效果是:
1)本发明实施例提供的技术方案,对电流互感器线圈进行误差测量时,不需要使用大容量升流器、承受上千安培的长导线和精密标准器,大大降低了在工作现场对电流互感器的误差测量工作,并且简化了测量接线方式,进而提高了工作效率;
2)本发明实施例提供的技术方案,第一绕组和第二绕组采用间隔并绕的方式绕制,减小了两个二次绕组之间的漏抗;
3、本发明实施例提供的技术方案,不仅可以应用于电流互感器的现场交接试验,还可以应用于电流互感器的器件检测。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行进一步地说明。
图1:本发明实施例中一种具有自校功能的特高压CT线圈的设计原理图;
图2:本发明实施例中具有自校功能的特高压CT线圈的正视图;
图3:本发明实施例中具有自校功能的特高压CT线圈的俯视图;
图4:本发明实施例中具有自校功能的特高压CT线圈的屏蔽结构示意图;
其中,1:连接端子;2:保护盒;21:保护盒上壳体;22:保护盒下壳体;3:二次绕组;4:铁心。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,旨在用于解释本发明的技术方案,而不能理解为对本发明的保护范围的限制。
本发明实施例提供的一种具有自校功能的特高压CT线圈设计方法,该 方法包括:
步骤1、在电流互感器的铁心上绕制二次绕组。该二次绕组包括安匝数相同的第一绕组和第二绕组。如图1所示,本实施例中特高压电流互感器包括一次绕组N1、第一绕组N2和第二绕组N3。
步骤2、当电流互感器正常工作时,将第一绕组和第二绕组并联,并采用差值法测量第一绕组的误差数据e11和第二绕组的误差数据e21;
当电流互感器进行误差校准时,将第一绕组作为新的一次绕组,第二绕组作为二次绕组组成自校准模块;或者,将第二绕组作为新的一次绕组,第一绕组作为二次绕组组成自校准模块。
(1)将第一绕组作为新的一次绕组,第二绕组作为二次绕组组成自校准模块,即将图1所示的开关K1和K2断开,检测第二绕组的步骤包括:
①:向第一绕组通入电流C1;
②:检测第二绕组中由于电磁互感产生的电流C2;
③:计算电流C1和电流C2的误差数据e22;
④:比较误差数据e21和误差数据e22,判断第二绕组是否发生故障。
(2)将第二绕组作为新的一次绕组,第一绕组作为二次绕组组成自校准模块,即将图1所示的开关K1和K2断开,检测第一绕组的步骤包括:
①:向第二绕组通入电流C1;
②:检测第一绕组中由于电磁互感产生的电流C2;
③:计算电流C1和电流C2的误差数据e12;
④:比较误差数据e11和误差数据e12,判断第一绕组是否发生故障。
本实施例中第一绕组和第二绕组采用间隔并绕的方式绕制在铁心上,同时如图2和3所示第一绕组两端设置有插拔式的连接端子S1和连接端子S2,第二绕组两端也设置有插拔式的连接端子S3和连接端子S4,以便于进行绕组连接方式的更换。
其中,间隔并绕指的是两个二次绕组即第一绕组N2和第二绕组N3首先并靠在一起,然后一起绕制,每匝之间有几个毫米的间距。
特高压电流互感器线圈尺寸较大,容易受到外磁场的干扰,最终导致磁路磁通量不均匀现象较为明显。此外由于系统投合过程及系统短路状态时产生的暂态电流可达50kA至63kA,形成的暂态磁场对电流互感器线圈的软磁材料会产生电动力作用,导致软磁材料在暂态过程中产生伸缩现象,局部磁导率发生变化,还会产生强烈的热应力等。因此本实施例中在电流互感器的铁心外部设置有保护盒作为屏蔽层来缓解电流互感器线圈各部分磁通量不一致的现象,或者采用平衡绕组的手段来缓解电流磁通量不一致的现象。
本发明中具有自校功能的特高压CT线圈的工作过程的具体实施例为:
本实施例中电流互感器线圈的额定电流比为6000A:1A,即用一根导线在其线圈中心穿一匝,二次输出电流应该为1A,根据等安匝原理,二次绕组为6000匝时,二次输出电流应该为1A。
将第一绕组作为新的一次绕组,第二绕组仍作为二次绕组,在第一绕组上通入电流1A,则第二绕组理论上应该也产生1A的电流,计算第一绕组和第二绕组流通的电流误差。将该电流误差数据与电流互感器正常运行时计算到的第二绕组流通的电流误差数据进行比较,从而判断第二绕组是否发生短路或者其他损坏。电流互感器正常运行时的电流误差数据可以通过电流互感器的出厂试验和交接试验获取。
最后应当说明的是:所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
工业实用性
本发明实施例中,在电流互感器的铁心上绕制二次绕组;二次绕组包括安匝数相同的第一绕组和第二绕组;当电流互感器进行误差校准时,将第一绕组作为新的一次绕组,第二绕组作为二次绕组组成自校准模块;或者,将第二绕组作为新的一次绕组,第一绕组作为二次绕组组成自校准模块;与现有技术相比,本发明实施例,对电流互感器线圈进行误差测量时,不需要使用大容量升流器、承受上千安培的长导线、精密标准器及补偿电容器,大大降低了在工作现场对电流互感器的误差测量工作,简化了测量接线方式,提高了工作效率。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种具有自校功能的特高压CT线圈设计方法,所述方法包括:
    步骤1:在电流互感器的铁心上绕制一次绕组和二次绕组;所述二次绕组包括安匝数相同的第一绕组和第二绕组;
    步骤2:在电流互感器正常工作时,将所述第一绕组和第二绕组并联,并采用比较法测量第一绕组的误差数据e11和第二绕组的误差数据e21
    用电流互感器进行误差校准:将第一绕组作为新的一次绕组,第二绕组作为二次绕组组成自校准模块;或者,将第二绕组作为新的一次绕组,第一绕组作为二次绕组组成自校准模块。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述步骤2中,将第一绕组作为新的一次绕组、第二绕组作为二次绕组组成自校准模块时,包括的步骤为:
    步骤211:向第一绕组通入电流C1
    步骤212:检测第二绕组中由于电磁互感产生的电流C2
    步骤213:计算所述电流C1和电流C2的误差数据e22
    步骤214:比较所述误差数据e21和误差数据e22,判断第二绕组是否发生故障。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述步骤2中,将第二绕组作为新的一次绕组、第一绕组作为二次绕组组成自校准模块时,包括的步骤为:
    步骤221:向第二绕组通入电流C1
    步骤222:检测第一绕组中由于电磁互感产生的电流C2
    步骤223:计算所述电流C1和电流C2的误差数据e12
    步骤224:比较所述误差数据e11和误差数据e12,判断第一绕组是否发生故障。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述第一绕组和第二绕组采用间隔并绕的方式绕制在铁心上。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述第一绕组两端设置有插拔式的连接端子,第二绕组两端也设置有插拔式的连接端子。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述电流互感器的铁心外部设置有保护盒。
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