WO2017009502A1

WO2017009502A1 - Novel use of urea sulfate

Info

Publication number: WO2017009502A1
Application number: PCT/ES2016/070509
Authority: WO
Inventors: José Francisco AMPUDIA SORIA; Héctor AMPUDIA GONZALO
Original assignee: Ampudia Soria José Francisco
Priority date: 2015-07-10
Filing date: 2016-07-07
Publication date: 2017-01-19
Also published as: AR105283A1; ES2596723A1; ES2596723B1

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of feed for ruminant animals and concerns, in particular, the novel use of urea sulfate as an enhancer of the nutritional value of a fibrous ingredient intended for ruminant feed. By means of the novel use of urea sulfate, an excellent nutritional ingredient as a food for ruminants is obtained, said nutritional ingredient having an intestinal digestible protein value dependent on energy potential that is in balance with the intestinal digestible protein value dependent on degradable nitrogen.

Description

NEW USE OF UREA SULFATO Field of the invention

The present invention relates to a new use of urea sulfate. The new use is framed within the non-medical field, in particular it is framed within the animal feed field.

The use of urea sulfate is protected as a compound that improves the nutritional value of an ingredient that contains fiber intended for feeding ruminant animals.

Background of the invention

It is known to use urea sulfate mainly as an active ingredient in herbicides and desiccants in agricultural crops.

It is especially indicated as fertilizer in fertirrigation. It has also been described as an acidifier in stock solutions or as an acidifier in irrigation water.

A fertilizer or fertilizer is a natural or synthetic product, organic or inorganic, which is added to the soil or plants to make these nutrients necessary for its own development. The fertilizers used in fertirrigation should be special liquid or solid fertilizers of high solubility, that is, whose water-insoluble residue at 15 ° C, at the highest recommended use dose, is less than 0.5%.

Urea sulfate has a molecular weight of 158, CAS number 21351 -39-3, molecular formula CH ₆ N ₂ 0 ₅ S and El N ECS: 244-343-6. It has different synonyms that can be found, for example, at: http://www.chemicalbook.com/ProductChemicalPropertiesCB3913213_EN.htm where synonyms such as:

Monocarbamide dihydrogen sulfate (Uronium hydrogen sulphate); Dihydrogen 1- aminomethanamide tetraoxosulfate; Urea-sulfuric acid; It is represented by the structural formula:

International patent application W0199302757 discloses a sulfur-containing fertilizer and the process for obtaining it.

European patent EP1595860 discloses a process for the preparation of a granulated ammonium sulfate nitrate fertilizer.

US patent US4058389 discloses a process for the preparation of fertilizers and underground modifiers.

International patent application WO2013135919 discloses a process for the treatment of protein materials, the product obtained by such procedure and its use as a fertilizer.

International patent application WO2007132032 describes a process for obtaining nitrogen fertilizers and the fertilizers thus obtained. In this application a stabilized fertilizer based on a mixture of MCDS (monocarbamide dihydrogen sulfate) and DCDS (dicarbamide dihydrogen sulfate) is disclosed. Stabilized fertilizers have been developed to control the process of nitrification of the subsoil.

Urea is a colorless and crystalline chemical compound of formula CO (NH2) 2. It is a non-protein nitrogen compound, made in chemical plants that produce anhydrous ammonia when they fix nitrogen from the air at high pressures and temperatures. Urea is used as an agricultural fertilizer and also in the production of plastics. Urea has also been used as a source of nitrogen in ruminants although its use is limited. Non-protein nitrogen reaches ruminants in the form of food supplements mixed in the form of blocks or cubes, supplements combined with Honey-Urea and with controlled access.

When the ruminant directly consumes urea, it is first hydrolyzed in ammonia (NH3) and in carbonic anhydrous in the rumen by the enzyme urease that is produced by certain bacteria. On the other hand, carbohydrates are degraded by others microorganisms to produce volatile fatty acids and keto acids. The ammonia released in the rumen combines with the keto acids to form amino acids, which in turn are incorporated into the microbial protein. These microbes are degraded in the last stomach (abomasum) and small intestine, being digested to such an extent that the microbial protein is degraded to free amino acids, and then absorbed by the animal.

The formed ammonia has practically no nutritional value, and if it is not transformed into microbial protein, it will be absorbed by the rumen and eliminated through the liver, kidneys and finally in the urine in the form of urea. However, there is a portion of urea that returns to the rumen through saliva or its diffusion of blood to the rumen. Exogenous urea also unfolds by the action of bacterial ureas in NH3 and CO2.

However, the use of urea can cause toxic effects, so its control in direct feeding is extreme.

When urea releases NH3 faster than it could be converted into microbial protein, excess ammonia is absorbed through the rumen walls and carried to the liver by the bloodstream, causing an alkalosis, which is an ammonia poisoning .

Therefore, there is a need to provide a compound that is capable of improving the nutritional value of an ingredient intended for ruminant feed that overcomes the toxicity problems of the prior art, and can improve the nutritional value of the ingredient in a manner Fast and also easy to use.

Description of the invention

With the use of urea sulfate according to the invention, the aforementioned drawbacks are resolved, presenting other advantages that will be described.

The use of urea sulfate as a compound that improves the nutritional value of a nutritional ingredient that contains fiber intended for ruminant feed has not been described.

The object of the invention is the use of urea sulfate as an enhancer of the nutritional value of a nutritional ingredient intended for ruminant feeding.

The ingredients intended for ruminant feed have two protein values: the digestive intestinal protein dependent on the energy potential of the ingredient (PDIE), and the degradable nitrogen-digestible intestinal protein that the ingredient has (PDIN). Therefore, the food includes two units: • The PDIN or Digestible Protein in the small intestine (PDI) allowed by the nitrogen (N) provided in the food.

• The DIP or Digestible Protein in the small intestine (PDI) allowed by the energy (E) provided in the food. The objective of the invention is to balance the PDIE values with the PDIN values of an ingredient intended for feeding ruminants.

Surprisingly, urea sulfate regulates the balance between the values of PDIE and PDIN in the ingredient intended for ruminant feeding, where PDIE is the value of the digestible intestinal protein dependent on energy potential and PDIN is the value of digestible intestinal protein dependent on the degradable nitrogen.

In this way the direct use of urea sulfate in an ingredient intended for feeding in ruminants allows to increase the nutritional value of the ingredient.

With the new use of urea sulfate, an excellent nutritional ingredient is provided as a food for ruminants with the necessary balance between the value of digestible intestinal protein dependent on the energy potential of the ingredient and the value of intestinal digestible protein dependent on degradable nitrogen that it possesses the ingredient.

With the new use of urea sulfate in an ingredient intended for feeding in ruminants, a balanced nutritional ingredient with an improved nutritional value for feeding ruminants is provided. In the invention, the term "ingredient" means a food intended for feeding ruminant animals, wherein said ingredient contains fiber. Preferably, said ingredient is in the form of dry matter.

Advantageously, with the urea sulfate, the balance between the value of PDIE and the value of PDIN of a food ingredient can be regulated according to the nutritional value that this food ingredient naturally possesses. The regulation of the balance between the PDIE and the PDIN includes increasing the PDIE of the ingredient, increasing the PDIN of the ingredient or increasing both in the ingredient in order to balance the PDIN values with the PDIE values.

PDIE and PDIN values are values that depend on the type of ingredient. Not only is it important to increase one or the other, but it is necessary that both values are in balance to provide the nutritional ingredient with an improved nutritional value that also provide the ruminant with a food with better nutritional characteristics.

When the values of PDIE and PDIN in a food for ruminants are not balanced, the excess part of one of them in the nutritional ingredient will not be used by the ruminant during its intake, in addition to that an excess of PDIN can be toxic, reaching to produce an uremic coma. The use of urea sulfate provides a quick and efficient way to balance said PDIE and PDIN values in an ingredient or feed for ruminants so that when the animal treated with the urea sulfate treated ingredient is being provided a balanced food with high nutritional value

Therefore, the use of urea sulfate is a nutritional enhancer of any food or ingredient for ruminants that contains fiber.

Preferably, the nutritional ingredient is fodder. The fodder can be selected from grass, compound feed or hay.

Hay is the animal feed made from sun-dried grass; and silages, are a technique to preserve food for animals through a fermentation process. To date, for silage a) agents that stimulate the formation of lactic acid, supply of sugars that are fermented in anaerobiosis to lactic acid are used so that when reaching a pH of 4 it is possible to inhibit fermentation and, therefore, , forage conservation is achieved; b) bacterial growth inhibiting agents, particularly organic and inorganic acids as well as formaldehyde; c) nutrient agents, particularly materials that increase dry matter and nutritional value such as straws, mineral salts, or others; and d) lactic acid fermentation stimulating agents, particularly enzymes and bacteria such as lactobacillus.

In hay, having lower humidity there are no previous conservation problems. Despite this, it is desirable to improve the quality of the hay, especially those of low quality. For this, in the state of the art anhydrous ammonia or a urea solution has been used that is necessary to ensile under plastic and wait at least one month during the summer and longer in winter before serving as food for the animals.

In the silage it is intended to favor the fermentation of carbohydrates to lactic acid with the aim of improving the conservation of these foods. However, with this the food after silage has lost energy. In addition, the use of acids or ammonia in the silage are difficult to handle and are corrosive, and in the treatment of hay it is necessary to wrap them in plastic and wait for a period of time of action for their use later as food.

Surprisingly, the use of urea sulfate in forages immediately improves its nutritional value. Given its nitrogen content increases the nutritional value in ruminants and given its sulfur content increases the digestibility of the fiber, both through the mechanisms described above. This makes it unnecessary to wrap the hay in plastic and have to wait a period of time, saving costs and facilitating handling. Therefore, it is not necessary to wait for the treatment to proceed as with the application of anhydrous ammonia or urea solutions, and it can be applied to the ingredient or food and supplied to the ruminant animal immediately. In addition, given its pH, urea sulfate acts as an inhibitor of hay fermentations preventing the growth of microorganisms and preventing the degradation of carbohydrates, which means not losing energy by silage, improving the nutritional value of any ingredient that contains Silage fiber

In the invention, urea sulfate is provided in the form of a solution comprising from 4 to 24% by weight of nitrogen and from 12 to 30% by weight of sulfur, preferably comprising from 11 to 14% by weight of elemental nitrogen and of 13 to 16% by weight of elemental sulfur, still more preferably 14% by weight of nitrogen and 21% by weight of sulfur.

Urea comprises 47% by weight of nitrogen and sulfuric acid comprises 32.65% sulfur. This solution is applied to the fodder in the most homogeneous way possible, both in silage and hay.

In one embodiment, urea sulfate is provided by mixing urea with sulfuric acid and then adding water that will be used to decrease the nitrogen concentration or the sulfur concentration of the solution as desired a final nitrogen or sulfur value. Water will always be added once the urea and sulfuric acid solution is prepared. The urea range in a solution can provide an increase in non-protein elemental nitrogen to the nutritional ingredient between 4 and 24% by weight, preferably from 11 to 14%, which increases the PDIN value by 6.25 / 2. of the nutritional ingredient from 12.5 to 75%.

The range of sulfuric acid in a solution can provide an increase in elemental sulfur to the nutritional ingredient between 12 to 30% by weight, preferably from 13 to 16% which, respectively, represents an increase in the digestibility of the fiber of the nutritional ingredient. comprised between 8 and 18% by weight, which respectively increases the PDIE value in the nutritional ingredient. Urea sulfate Interval (%) Mean value PDIN variation in PDIE variation in

(%) the ingredient (%) the ingredient (%)

Ureic nitrogen (N) 4 - 24 14 12'5 - 75 -

Sulfur (S) 12 - 30 21 - 8 - 18

The use of urea sulfate in combination with a mineral complex such as phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, iron, zinc, etc. that facilitate microbial growth in the rumen is part of the scope of the present invention. Advantageously, the use of urea sulfate is sufficient to balance the PDIE values with the PDIN values of the nutritional ingredient according to its PDIE and its PDIN by adding urea sulfate with a greater or lesser percentage of urea or a greater or lesser percentage of acid. sulfuric acid as required by the nature of the food ingredient.

Thus, with the appropriate concentration of urea and sulfuric acid as required by the deficiency in the PDIE value or the deficiency in the PDIN value of a nutritional ingredient, the PDIE values can be balanced with the PDIN values of an ingredient, food or ration intended for ruminants and provide a food for ruminants with high nutritional value.

In non-ruminant, monogastric animals, such as pigs or birds, non-protein nitrogen does not add nutritional value to the food ration for the animal, with the amino acid profile determining the proper functioning and development of the monogastric animal. In addition, urea as a compound does not have the function of balancing the PDIE values with the PDIN values of an ingredient, in addition to presenting the toxicity problems described above. The use of urea sulfate in a feed for non-ruminant animals is not part of the present invention.

In ruminant animals, the animal is not fed but is fed to the microorganisms that inhabit the rumen of the ruminant and for this reason the non-protein nitrogen is the adequate source to feed the microorganisms that transform the non-protein nitrogen into amino acids. With non-protein nitrogen, microorganisms produce the necessary amino acids for life except methionine and cysteine that have sulfur in their molecule and require sulfur to synthesize methionine and cysteine.

The usual nutritional ingredient for ruminants is fodder. However, the fodder does not contain enough sulfur so that the rumen microorganisms can synthesize methionine and cysteine, so the fodder does not provide the necessary nutritional value for a balanced feeding of the ruminant. For a balanced diet it is desirable that the food ration or nutritional ingredient has a PDIE value in equilibrium with the PDIN value.

In the invention, a value of PDIE "in equilibrium" with the value of PDI N is understood as the same value of PDIN as of PDIE, with a maximum PDIN deviation of 120, expressed in g / kg of organic matter. In fact, a PDIE value greater than the PDIN value only implies loss of the potential to produce protein without negatively affecting the ruminant. Therefore, it is preferable that the PDIN value does not exceed the PDIE value. A value of PDIN that exceeds 80-120 to the value of PDIE can lead to fertility disorders, mastitis, laminitis in ruminants and, ultimately, uremic coma in ruminants with liver or kidney disorders. Thus, the value of _m PDIN áx¡mo = the value of PDIE + 120, expressed in grams / kg of organic matter. Preferably the value of _m PDIN áx¡mo not exceed the sum of the value of PDIE + 80, the value of intestinal digestible protein in grams / kg of organic matter susceptible to being digested in the rumen. Preferably, urea sulfate is intended to enhance the nutritional value of a nutritional ingredient that contains fiber, whose PDIE value is greater than the PDIN value.

The PDIE and PDIN values of the ingredients or foods are known values that are available to a person skilled in the art. Thus, for example, the PDIE or PDIN values can be consulted in the FEDNA tables of animal nutrition (Spanish Foundation for the Development of Animal Nutrition) that are accessible to any person skilled in the art.

Surprisingly, urea sulfate balances PDIE values with PDIN values in the ingredient intended for ruminant feeding, which makes it an excellent nutritional enhancer. In addition, its acidic pH makes it suitable for use in hay and silage without it being necessary to wait for a time of action, which is ideal as a nutritional improver of high quality silos.

Advantageously, urea sulfate has the function of providing adequate sulfur to the forage so that when it reaches the rumen the microorganisms proliferate and, in turn, digest more fiber, increasing the digestibility of the forages and, therefore, their value in PDIN, and at the same time provide adequate non-protein nitrogen so that when it reaches the rumen the microorganisms transform it into the necessary amino acids for ruminant feeding, all providing a balance between the PDIE value and the PDIN value . The present invention has as an added value the fact that the use of urea sulfate in the feeding of ruminants is capable of reducing methanogenesis or favoring acetogenesis. In fact, the authors of the present invention believe that urea sulfate reduces the production of methane that takes place in the fermentation of fiber in the rumen of the animal and, therefore, it is believed that its use varies the metabolism of microorganisms. and, consequently, there is a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and, therefore, a reduction in global warming.

As a non-limiting example of the invention and in order to facilitate the understanding and implementation of the present invention, specific examples are included below.

Description of a preferred embodiment

The following are specific examples of the use of urea sulfate. EXAMPLE 1

Corn silo, dry matter normally between 25 and 30%, very energetic, almost a UFL, is rich in starches, high PDIE with respect to the PDIN and a low sulfur value, of 0.1% on dry matter, when it would be a minimum of 1, 7g of S / Kg dry matter is desirable.

Ideal for a ratio of Sulfuric 50 / urea 50 (1: 1) in the additive. The mixture provides 23.3% of N and 16.3% S by weight.

Standard value of corn silo:

Ph 3.6

MS 30.9

PB 6.6

FB 24.8

FAD 27.4

FND 45.3

CEN (ashes) 3.96

ALMIDÓN 31, 3

PDIE 6.47

PDIN 4, 1

UFL 0.89

S 0, 1

Where:

Ph: Hydronium ion concentration [Η3ΟΠ MS: Dry matter PB: Crude protein FB: Crude fiber FAD: Detergent acid fiber FND: Detergent neutral fiber CEN: Ash

ALMIDÓN: UFL unstructured carbohydrates: Milk forage unit S: Elemental sulfur EXAMPLE 2 Cereal straw, dry matter above 90%, low energy, 0.4 UFL, lacks starches and also has a higher PDIE than PDIN and an average sulfur value of 0.15% on dry matter, when a minimum of 1.7g of S / Kg dry matter would be desirable.

Ideal for a ratio of Sulfuric 62 / urea 37 (1, 67: 1) in the additive. The mixture provides 17.7% of N and 20.2% of S by weight. Standard value cereal straw:

Ph

MS 90

PB 3.5

FB 39, 1

FAD 48.3

FND 70.9

CEN 6, 1

ALMIDÓN 0

PDIE 4.2

PDIN 2.2

UFL 0.39

S 0.15

EXAMPLE 3

Grass silo, dry matter normally between 25 and 35%, very energetic, almost a UFL, low in starches, high PDIN with respect to the PDIE and a balanced sulfur value of 0.17% on dry matter, meeting the desirable minimums of 1, 7 g of S / Kg dry matter.

Ideal for a ratio of Sulfuric 90 / urea 10 (9: 1) in the additive. The mixture provides 4.66% N and 29.6% S by weight.

Standard value grass silo:

Ph 4.3

MS 26.6

PB 13.2

FB 33

FAD 37.3

FND 57.6

CEN 7.3

STARCH

PDIE 6.49

PDIN 7.66

UFL 0.77

S 0.17

The three rations 1 to 3 are balanced for a cow of 550 kg of live weight and in physiological state of maintenance.

Requirements:

Intake of 9 to 11 kg of dry matter UFL 4 PDIN 370 g

Sulfur 15.3 to 18.7 g animal minimum day Ration 1

Corn silo 10 Kg

Cereal straw 5.6 Kg

Barley 6 runs 0.4 Kg

Urea sulfate 50/50 0, 189 Kg

Mineral corrector 0, 180 Kg

Provides UFL 4, 2

440 g PDIE

PDIN 400 g

Sulfur 30 g

Ration 2

Cereal straw 9.3 Kg

Barley 6 races 0.4 Kg Urea sulfate 62/37 0.248 Kg Mineral corrector 0, 180 Kg Provides

UFL 4, 02

PDIE 410 g

PDIN 380 g

Sulfur 50 g

Ration 3

5 kg grass silo

Cereal straw 7.4 Kg

Barley 6 runs 1 Kg

Urea sulfate 90/10 0, 1 Kg Mineral corrector 0, 180 Kg

Provides

UFL 4, 5

460 g PDIE

PDIN 460 g

Sulfur 29 g Although reference has been made to a specific embodiment of the invention, it is apparent to one skilled in the art that the use of urea sulfate in an ingredient intended for feeding in ruminants is susceptible to numerous variations and modifications, and that all the details of its use can be replaced by other technically equivalent ones, without departing from the scope of protection defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. Use of urea sulfate in animal nutrition for ruminants as an enhancer of the nutritional value of a nutritional ingredient that regulates the balance between PDIE and PDIN values in the nutritional ingredient providing an ingredient with an improved nutritional value, where PDIE is the value of The digestive protein intestinal energy-dependent potential and PDIN is the value of intestinal digestible protein dependent nitrogen degradable nutritional ingredient.

2. Use of urea sulfate according to claim 1, wherein the PDIE is dependent on the degree of digestibility of the nutritional ingredient.

3. Use of urea sulfate according to claim 1, wherein the PDIN is dependent on the non-protein nitrogen content of the nutritional ingredient.

4. Use of urea sulfate according to any of the preceding claims, wherein urea sulfate is provided in the form of a solution of urea and sulfuric acid at a ratio such that the solution comprises from 4 to 24% by weight of nitrogen and from 12 to 30% by weight of sulfur, where urea comprises 47% by weight of nitrogen and sulfuric acid comprises 32.65% by weight of sulfur.

5. Use of urea sulfate according to claim 4, wherein the urea sulfate in the form of solution comprises 11 to 14% nitrogen and 13 to 16% sulfur.

6. Use of urea sulfate according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the nutritional ingredient is fodder.

7. Use of urea sulfate according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the forage is grass, compound feed or hay.

8. Use of urea sulfate according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said improving effect that regulates the balance between PDIE and PDIN values is immediate, urea sulfate being a compound suitable for silage.

9. Use of urea sulfate according to any of the preceding claims, wherein urea sulfate is capable of providing 4 to 24% by weight of non-protein nitrogen which increases the value of PDIN in the nutritional ingredient from 12.5 to 75%.

10. Use of urea sulfate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein urea sulfate is capable of providing 12 to 30% sulfur by weight which increases the digestibility of the fiber in the nutritional ingredient from 8 to 18% to increase the value of PDIE in the ingredient. 1. Use of urea sulfate according to any of the preceding claims as an enhancer of the nutritional value of a silage nutritional ingredient.