WO2017005969A1 - Élément filtrant comprenant un indicateur de rupture conducteur - Google Patents
Élément filtrant comprenant un indicateur de rupture conducteur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017005969A1 WO2017005969A1 PCT/FI2016/050477 FI2016050477W WO2017005969A1 WO 2017005969 A1 WO2017005969 A1 WO 2017005969A1 FI 2016050477 W FI2016050477 W FI 2016050477W WO 2017005969 A1 WO2017005969 A1 WO 2017005969A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- filter element
- filter
- indicator
- element according
- membrane layer
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011118 depth filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/15—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary plane filtering surfaces
- B01D33/21—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary plane filtering surfaces with hollow filtering discs transversely mounted on a hollow rotary shaft
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/15—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary plane filtering surfaces
- B01D33/21—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary plane filtering surfaces with hollow filtering discs transversely mounted on a hollow rotary shaft
- B01D33/23—Construction of discs or component sectors thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/15—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary plane filtering surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/14—Safety devices specially adapted for filtration; Devices for indicating clogging
- B01D35/143—Filter condition indicators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/14—Safety devices specially adapted for filtration; Devices for indicating clogging
- B01D35/143—Filter condition indicators
- B01D35/1435—Filter condition indicators with alarm means
Definitions
- the invention relates to filter elements comprising a porous membrane layer.
- Filtration is a widely used process whereby a slurry or solid liquid mixture is forced through a media, with the solids retained on the media, as a cake, and the liquid phase passing through. This process is generally well understood in the industry. Examples of filtration types include depth filtration, pressure and vacuum filtration, and gravity and centrifugal filtration.
- the cake formation in vacuum filtration is based on generating suction within the filtrate channels.
- the most commonly used filter media for vacuum filters are filter cloths and coated media, e.g. the ceramic filter medium. These filter media are commonly used in filter apparatuses having filter comprising multiple filter elements, e.g. in rotary vacuum disc filters and rotary vac- uum drum filters.
- Rotary vacuum disc filters are used for the filtration of relatively free filtering suspensions on a large scale, such as the dewatering of mineral concentrates.
- the dewatering of mineral concentrates requires large capacity in addition to producing a cake with low moisture content.
- Such large processes are commonly energy intensive and means to lower the specific energy consumption are needed.
- the vacuum disc filter may comprise a plurality of filter discs arranged in line co-axially and around a central pipe or shaft.
- Each filter disc may be formed of a number of individual filter elements or sectors, called filter plates, that are mounted circumferentially in a radial plane around the central pipe or shaft to form the filter disc, and as the shaft is fitted so as to revolve, each filter plate or sector is, in its turn, displaced into a slurry basin and further, as the shaft of rotation revolves, rises out of the basin.
- filter plates that are mounted circumferentially in a radial plane around the central pipe or shaft to form the filter disc, and as the shaft is fitted so as to revolve, each filter plate or sector is, in its turn, displaced into a slurry basin and further, as the shaft of rotation revolves, rises out of the basin.
- the filter medium is submerged in the slurry basin where, under the influence of the vacuum, the cake forms onto the medium.
- the pores are emptied as the cake is deliquored for a predetermined time which is essentially limited by the rotation speed of the disc.
- the cake can be discharged by a back-pulse of air or by scraping, after which the cycle begins again.
- the ceramic filter medium when wetted, does not allow air to pass through which does not allow air to pass through, which further decreases the necessary vacuum level, enables the use of smaller vacuum pumps and, consequently, yields significant energy savings.
- Rotary vacuum drum filters are used for the filtration of relatively free filtering suspensions on a large scale, such as the dewatering of mineral concentrates.
- the dewatering of mineral concentrates requires large capacity in addition to producing a cake with low moisture content.
- the vacuum drum filter may comprise a cylindrical support structure rotating around a longitudinal shaft forming a centre axis for the drum.
- the filter elements are made of coated media, e.g. the ceramic filter medium.
- Each filter plate forms a portion of the cylindrical outer surface of the cylinder.
- Each filter plate is during each revolution of the shaft displaced for a certain period into a slurry basin situated below the shaft. The filter plate rises out of the basin when the revolution of the shaft proceeds.
- a cake forms onto the outer surface of the filter plate due to the vacuum within the filter plate.
- the pores are emptied as the cake is deliquored for a predetermined time which is essentially limited by the rotation speed of the drum.
- the cake can be discharged by a back- pulse of air or by scraping, after which the cycle begins again.
- the filter elements of rotary vacuum drum filters are advantageously made of porous ceramic.
- the filter elements are affected by slurry particles and extraneous compounds, especially in the field of dewatering of mineral concentrates. Filter element breakages happen once a while in operation when the filter elements are old, something gets stuck to scrapers or for some other reason. Broken ceramic element has to be removed because there is a significant risk that breakage of one element causes domino effect as the pieces of the broken element may break neighbouring filter plates etc, which may lead to a massive consequential damage of broken plates, and the filter apparatus is out of operation for many days.
- a filter element comprising a porous membrane layer constituting a suction wall of said filter element, the filter element further comprising at least one indicator extending along the filter element to form a continuous circuit and arranged to break upon breakage of the filter element, wherein the breaking strength of the indicator is in range of 50 grams to 100 kg.
- inventive embodiments are characterised by what is stated in the claims.
- inventive embodiments are also disclosed in the specification and drawings of this patent application.
- inventive content of the patent application may also be defined in other ways than defined in the following claims.
- the inventive content may also be formed of several separate inventions, especially if the invention is examined in the light of expressed or implicit sub- tasks or in view of obtained benefits or benefit groups. Some of the definitions contained in the following claims may then be unnecessary in view of the separate inventive ideas.
- Features of the different embodiments of the invention may, within the scope of the basic inventive idea, be applied to other embodiments.
- Figure 1 is a perspective top view of an exemplary disc filter apparatus
- Figure 2 is a perspective top view of a second exemplary drum filter apparatus
- FIG. 3a illustrates a filter element
- Figure 3b is a side view of an embodiment of the filter element shown in Figure 3a
- Figure 3c is a side view of another embodiment of the filter element shown in Figure 3a.
- Figure 4a illustrates a second filter element
- Figure 4b is a cross-section view of the filter element shown in Figure 4a
- Figure 5a illustrates a third filter element
- FIG. 5b is a side view of the filter element shown in Figure 5a
- Figure 6a illustrates a fourth filter element
- Figure 6b is a side view of the filter element shown in Figure 6a.
- Figure 7 illustrates a fifth filter element.
- Figure 1 is a perspective top view of an exemplary disc filter apparatus 1 .
- the actual filter 2 comprises at least one filter disc 3, each of which comprises number of sector-shaped filter elements 4 that are mounted circumferentially in a radial planar plane around the central axis of the disc filter apparatus 1 .
- the number of the filter elements 3 included in a filter disc may be 12 or 15, for example.
- each filter element 4 is, in its turn, dis- placed into a slurry basin and further, as the rotation continues, rises out of the basin.
- Filter element breakages happen once a while in operation when the filter elements 4 are old, something gets stuck to scrapers that scraped the material cake off from the filter element 4, or for some other reason. There is a significant risk that breakage of one plate causes domino effect as the pieces of the broken plate may break neighbouring filter plates etc, which may lead to massive consequential damage of broken elements, and filters is out of operation for many days.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective top view of an exemplary drum filter appa- ratus.
- the filter apparatus 1 may comprise a filter drum 1 1 , i.e. the filter apparatus is a drum filter apparatus.
- the filter element 3 is a part of outer surface of the filter drum 1 1 .
- the diameter of the filter drum 1 1 may be e.g. in range of 1 .8 m - 4.8 m and length in axial direction 1 m - 10 m.
- the surface area of the filter may be e.g. in range of 2 - 200 m 2 .
- drum filters examples include CDF-6/1 .8 manufactured by Outotec Inc.
- Figure 3a illustrates a filter element of a disc filter apparatus
- Figure 3b is a side view of the filter element shown in Figure 3a.
- the filter element 3 may comprise a suction wall 6a and an opposed second suction wall 6b.
- the suction walls 6a, 6b may comprise a porous membrane 7 and a substrate 8, whereon the membrane 7 is positioned.
- An interior space may defined between the opposed first and sec- ond suction walls 6a, 6b resulting in a sandwich structure.
- the interior space provides a flow canal or canals where a negative pressure is maintained, i.e. a pressure difference is maintained over the suction wall.
- the material of the porous membrane 7 may be e.g. ceramics or polymer and the substrate 8 may made of be e.g. ceramics or polymer.
- the membrane 7 may contain micropores that create strong capillary action in contact with water. This microporous filter medium allows only liquid to flow through. Filtrate is drawn through the suction walls 6a, 6b as the filter element 4 is immersed into the slurry to be filtered, and a cake of solid particulate material forms on the suction walls 6a, 6b.
- the filter element 4 is provided with at least one indicator 5 extending along the filter element 4 to form a continuous circuit and arranged to break upon breakage of the filter element 4.
- the indicator 5 comprises an electrically conductive layer, e.g. a printed electric wire, a casted electric wire, a microstrip line, separate electric wire, a metal tape or a painted electric circuit, for example.
- an electrically conductive layer e.g. a printed electric wire, a casted electric wire, a microstrip line, separate electric wire, a metal tape or a painted electric circuit, for example.
- the indicator 5 is arranged along the peripheral edge surface 9 of the filter element 4.
- the indicator 5 can be coated with an acid-proof coating, such as epoxy based painting or enamel.
- the electrically conductive indicator 5 is made of acid- proof material, e.g. platinum or palladium or compositions thereof are especially advantageous materials for implementing acid-proof wiring.
- the indicator 5 made of acid-proof material may be arranged on the surface of the filter element 4, such as the peripheral edge surface 9, by e.g. gluing and without any coating.
- additional protecting layer covering the indicator 5 may be required against the direct mechanical and chemical stress from the from the process environment.
- the indicator 5 is arranged inside the material of the filter element 4.
- the indicator 5 may be arranged in a mould used in manufacturing of the filter element so that the indicator 5 remains in the material curing in the mould.
- the indicator 5 is arranged among the granules to be pressed.
- the breaking strength of the indicator 5 is in range of 50 grams to 100 kg. This kind of conductor stands well stresses caused by the filtering process, but will broke in the scraper with breaking filter element 3.
- the breaking strength of the indicator 5 is in range of 50 grams to 20 kg. This kind of conductor will broke in the scraper without any risk for breaking the scraper.
- the breaking strength of the indicator 5 is in range of 50 grams to 5 kg. This kind of conductor will break already in cracking of the filter element 3. Thus the malfunction of the filter element 3 can be de- tected at early stage, e.g. suction of air through the suction wall can be minimized or avoided. Suction of air will cause remarkable waste of energy in the filtering process.
- the breaking strength of the indicator 5 is at least 100 grams. This kind of conductor stands well fluctuations of the process caused by silt and deposit accumulating in the slurry basin.
- the integrity of the conductive wiring is monitored, and the operation, particularly the rotation, of the disc filter apparatus is immediately stopped in response to detecting a break of one of the conductive wirings.
- This action will advantageously save all the other plates of the disc filter from getting bro- ken. Operation downtime decreases as the consequential damage of several broken plates is avoided and the operator of the disc filter can concentrate on displacing the broken plate. The number of broken consumed filter plates decreases which results in lower operational costs.
- Figure 3c is a side view of another embodiment of the filter element shown in Figure 3a.
- This embodiment differs from the embodiment shown in Figure 3b in that, instead of one indicator 5, there are two indicators 5 on the peripheral edge surface 9 of the filter element 4.
- the two indicators 5 are arranged close to the edges of the filter element 4.
- the sensitivity of the indicators 5 to breakages taking place in the suction wall 6a, 6b may be enhanced.
- Figure 4a illustrates a second filter element and Figure 4b is a cross-section view of the filter element shown in Figure 4a.
- the indicator 5 is provided between substrate 8 and the membrane 7 on the both sides of the filter element 4.
- the membrane 7 protects the indicator 5 against the di- rect mechanical and chemical stress from the from the process environment.
- the indicator 5 is preferably made of acid-proof material, advantageously of platinum or palladium or compositions thereof.
- the indicator 5 may be manufactured by, for example, applying (preferably printing) a pattern of conductive paste on the outer surface of the substrate 8 prior to making the membrane layer 7. This approach can also detect a stripping of the membrane prior to an actual breakage of the substrate.
- Strength of the indicator 5 may vary as disclosed above in description of Figures 3a - 3c.
- Figure 5a illustrates a third filter element and Figure 5b is a side view of the filter element shown in Figure 5a.
- the indicator 5 is provided mainly on the peripheral edge surface 9, but a portion thereof is arranged in/on the suction wall 6a near the end of the of the filter element 4. Said portion may be arranged on sections of the suction wall 6a which are not scraped by the scrapers of the disc filter apparatus 1 . Alternatively, said portion may be arranged between substrate and the membrane of the suction wall.
- the materials of the indicator 5 may be selected as described above in description of Figures 3a - 3c. Furthermore, the indicator may be arranged on the surfaces of the filter element 4 or embedded into the material of the pe- ripheral edge surface and/or the suction wall.
- Strength of the indicator 5 may vary as disclosed above in description of Figures 3a - 3c.
- Figure 6a illustrates a fourth filter element
- Figure 6b is a side view of the filter element shown in Figure 6a.
- the indicator 5 is provided mainly on the peripheral edge surface 9, but a portion thereof is arranged in/on the suction wall 6a near the attachment means 10 of the of the filter element 4. Said portion may be arranged on sections of the suction wall 6a which are not scraped by the scrapers of the disc filter apparatus 1 . Alternatively, said portion may be arranged between substrate and the membrane of the suction wall.
- the materials of the indicator 5 may be selected as described above in description of Figures 3a - 3c. Furthermore, the indicator may be arranged on the surfaces of the filter element 4 or embedded into the material of the peripheral edge surface and/or the suction wall. Strength of the indicator 5 may vary as disclosed above in description of Figures 3a - 3c.
- Figure 7 illustrates a fifth filter element.
- the principles of the aspects and embodiments described above in connection with Figures 3a - 6b may also be applied to ceramic filter elements of drum filter apparatuses.
- the main difference of the filter elements of drum filters compared to the filter elements of disc filters is that the latter typically has suction walls on both sides of the filter element, whereas the filter elements of drum filter typically has one suction wall only, on its outer surface. Furthermore, the elements of drum filters have typically rectangular shape as shown in Figure 7.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RU2018102115U RU184545U1 (ru) | 2015-07-03 | 2016-06-29 | Фильтрующий элемент с проводящим индикатором разрушения |
CN201690000991.6U CN208065909U (zh) | 2015-07-03 | 2016-06-29 | 过滤元件 |
BR212018000146-0U BR212018000146Y1 (pt) | 2015-07-03 | 2016-06-29 | Elemento de filtro |
ZA2018/00262A ZA201800262B (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2018-01-15 | Filter element with conductive breaking indicator |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20155526 | 2015-07-03 | ||
FI20155526A FI20155526A (fi) | 2015-07-03 | 2015-07-03 | Suodatinelementti |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2017005969A1 true WO2017005969A1 (fr) | 2017-01-12 |
Family
ID=56411673
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FI2016/050477 WO2017005969A1 (fr) | 2015-07-03 | 2016-06-29 | Élément filtrant comprenant un indicateur de rupture conducteur |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN208065909U (fr) |
BR (1) | BR212018000146Y1 (fr) |
CL (1) | CL2017003412U1 (fr) |
FI (1) | FI20155526A (fr) |
RU (1) | RU184545U1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2017005969A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA201800262B (fr) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3358836A (en) * | 1966-04-20 | 1967-12-19 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Filter element indicator |
US20070044656A1 (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-01 | General Electric Company | Methods and systems for detecting filter rupture |
WO2012102662A1 (fr) * | 2011-01-26 | 2012-08-02 | Scania Cv Ab | Cartouche de filtre à huile |
WO2014170532A1 (fr) * | 2013-04-17 | 2014-10-23 | Outotec (Finland) Oy | Plaque filtrante, appareil à filtre à disques, et procédé pour commander un filtre à disques |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20010050250A1 (en) * | 1999-09-14 | 2001-12-13 | Olli Hognabba | Corrosion-resistant filter element |
RU2179062C1 (ru) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-02-10 | Трусов Лев Ильич | Мембранный аппарат для разделения жидких смесей |
FI121329B (fi) * | 2002-09-12 | 2010-10-15 | Larox Oyj | Suodatinlaatta |
-
2015
- 2015-07-03 FI FI20155526A patent/FI20155526A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2016
- 2016-06-29 WO PCT/FI2016/050477 patent/WO2017005969A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2016-06-29 BR BR212018000146-0U patent/BR212018000146Y1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2016-06-29 CN CN201690000991.6U patent/CN208065909U/zh active Active
- 2016-06-29 RU RU2018102115U patent/RU184545U1/ru active
-
2017
- 2017-12-27 CL CL2017003412U patent/CL2017003412U1/es unknown
-
2018
- 2018-01-15 ZA ZA2018/00262A patent/ZA201800262B/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3358836A (en) * | 1966-04-20 | 1967-12-19 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Filter element indicator |
US20070044656A1 (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-01 | General Electric Company | Methods and systems for detecting filter rupture |
WO2012102662A1 (fr) * | 2011-01-26 | 2012-08-02 | Scania Cv Ab | Cartouche de filtre à huile |
WO2014170532A1 (fr) * | 2013-04-17 | 2014-10-23 | Outotec (Finland) Oy | Plaque filtrante, appareil à filtre à disques, et procédé pour commander un filtre à disques |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA201800262B (en) | 2018-12-19 |
BR212018000146Y1 (pt) | 2021-12-14 |
RU184545U1 (ru) | 2018-10-30 |
FI20155526A (fi) | 2017-01-04 |
CN208065909U (zh) | 2018-11-09 |
BR212018000146U2 (pt) | 2018-07-24 |
CL2017003412U1 (es) | 2018-04-20 |
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