WO2017004898A1 - 便携式偏振数字相机及其成像方法 - Google Patents

便携式偏振数字相机及其成像方法 Download PDF

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WO2017004898A1
WO2017004898A1 PCT/CN2015/090639 CN2015090639W WO2017004898A1 WO 2017004898 A1 WO2017004898 A1 WO 2017004898A1 CN 2015090639 W CN2015090639 W CN 2015090639W WO 2017004898 A1 WO2017004898 A1 WO 2017004898A1
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image sensor
digital camera
digital
portable
analog
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PCT/CN2015/090639
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French (fr)
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张立福
吴太夏
张红明
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中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
    • G03B17/02—Bodies
    • G03B17/12—Bodies with means for supporting objectives, supplementary lenses, filters, masks, or turrets
    • G03B17/14—Bodies with means for supporting objectives, supplementary lenses, filters, masks, or turrets interchangeably

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  • the present invention relates to the field of polarization digital camera technology, and in particular to a portable polarization digital camera and an imaging method thereof.
  • the configuration of an airborne polarized digital camera mainly includes an optical lens, a polarizing plate, a filter, and a CCD area array detector.
  • the optical system is mainly composed of a large-diameter negative lens front group and a double-glued positive lens rear group.
  • the main function of the former group is to reduce the angle between the beam and the optical axis, to eliminate the astigmatism and distortion of the system as much as possible, and to prepare for the focused imaging of the latter group; the latter group to collate and focus the beam, mainly to eliminate chromatic aberration, etc.;
  • the rear group cooperates to lengthen the back intercept and form an optical system that is telecentric.
  • the present invention provides a portable polarization digital camera and an imaging method thereof, which can effectively reduce or eliminate the reflection of a non-metallic surface, improve color saturation, improve contrast, obtain a wider field of view image, and realize more. Fine imaging.
  • the present invention provides a portable polarization digital camera comprising: three polarizing plates and an image sensor;
  • the first polarizing plate, the second preset angle, and the third preset angle are respectively respectively pasted to the first region, the second region and the first channel of the channel of the preset wavelength on one side of the image sensor In the three regions, the channel of the predetermined wavelength is divided into four regions, and the polarizing plate is used to enter the incident light. Shielding and transmitting, obtaining optical signals of different polarization angles;
  • the image sensor is configured to receive optical signals of different polarization angles obtained by the three polarizing plates, and convert the optical signals of the different polarization angles into electrical signals.
  • the first preset angle is 0°
  • the second preset angle is 60°
  • the third preset angle is 120°.
  • the polarizing plate is a composite material formed by laminating a polarizing film, an inner protective film, a pressure sensitive adhesive layer and an outer protective film.
  • the image sensor is an image sensor composed of a pixel array, each pixel in the pixel array is a photodiode, and the number of pixels in the pixel array is on the order of 105 to 107.
  • the portable polarization digital camera further includes: an analog to digital converter, an imaging lens, and a body;
  • the analog-to-digital converter is located in the body for receiving an electrical signal converted by the image sensor, and converting the electrical signal from an analog signal to a digital signal;
  • the imaging lens is located in the body for receiving a digital signal converted by the analog to digital converter and imaging according to the digital signal.
  • the image sensor is an area array CCD sensor.
  • the present invention provides an imaging method based on a portable polarization digital camera, comprising:
  • the image sensor receives the optical signals of different polarization angles obtained by the three polarizing plates, and converts the optical signals of the different polarization angles into electrical signals.
  • the channel of the preset wavelength is divided into four regions, the first preset angle is 0°, the second preset angle is 60°, and the third preset angle is 120°.
  • the method further includes:
  • An analog to digital converter receives an electrical signal converted by the image sensor and converts the electrical signal from an analog signal to a digital signal
  • the imaging lens receives the digital signal obtained by the analog to digital converter and images the digital signal based on the digital signal.
  • the present invention can effectively reduce or eliminate the reflection of the non-metallic surface by adding a plurality of polarizing plates in the channel of the specific wavelength, improve the color saturation, improve the contrast, obtain a wider field of view image, and achieve finer. Imaging.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable polarization digital camera according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of each channel of the image sensor of the portable polarization digital camera shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an imaging method based on a portable polarization digital camera according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable polarization digital camera according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: three polarizing plates 11 and an image sensor 12;
  • the first polarizing plate 11 is respectively affixed to the first region and the second region of the channel of the preset wavelength on the side of the image sensor 12 in a first preset angle, a second preset angle, and a third preset angle. And the third region, the channel of the predetermined wavelength is divided into four regions, and the polarizing plate 11 is configured to shield and transmit incident light to obtain optical signals of different polarization angles;
  • the image sensor 12 is configured to receive optical signals of different polarization angles obtained by the three polarizing plates 11 and convert the optical signals of the different polarization angles into electrical signals.
  • the first preset angle is 0°
  • the second preset angle is 60°
  • the third preset angle is 120°.
  • the image sensor 12 in this embodiment is an image sensor composed of a pixel array, each pixel in the pixel array is a photodiode, and the number of pixels in the pixel array is on the order of 10 5 to 10 7 . . That is, the image sensor 12 includes photodiodes on the order of 10 5 to 10 7 .
  • the image sensor 12 is a core component of the camera of the present invention, and converts the diffuse reflected light signal of the collected sample into an electrical signal, the quality of which determines the imaging quality of the digital camera, and its volume is small, but it includes Hundreds of thousands or even tens of millions of diodes with photo-sensing characteristics - photodiodes.
  • Each photodiode is a pixel, and the image sensor is a pixel array composed of the pixels. When light is irradiated, the photodiode generates charge accumulation, and the accumulated electric charge is finally converted into corresponding pixel data.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of each channel of the image sensor 12.
  • each pixel corresponds to a channel 121 for storing selected content and other information in an image file, usually indicating color colors in the image. Changes in the order, such as the channels in the grayscale image, represent changes in 256 levels from black to white.
  • Each channel 121 in this embodiment is divided into four partial regions, which are a first region 1211, a second region 1212, a third region 1213 and a fourth region 1214, respectively.
  • the image sensor 12 in this embodiment may preferably be a Charge Coupled Device (CCD) sensor.
  • CCD Charge Coupled Device
  • the polarizing plate 11 of the present embodiment is a composite material formed by laminating a polarizing film, an inner protective film, a pressure sensitive adhesive layer, and an outer protective film.
  • the polarizing plate 11 of this embodiment is integrated on each channel 121 of a preset wavelength, and each channel of the preset wavelength is divided into four regions, and the first region 1211, the second region 1212, and the third region 1213 are respectively Three polarizing plates of different angles (0°, 60°, and 120°) are pasted, and the fourth region 1214 is not attached with a polarizing plate to achieve finer image formation, and image information rich in the imaged object can be obtained.
  • the polarizing plate 11 has a function of shielding and transmitting incident light, and can transmit longitudinal light or lateral light as a kind of shielding.
  • the portable polarization digital camera of this embodiment further includes: an analog-to-digital converter (A/D converter), an imaging lens, and a body;
  • A/D converter analog-to-digital converter
  • imaging lens an imaging lens
  • body a body
  • the analog-to-digital converter is located in the body for receiving an electrical signal converted by the image sensor, and converting the electrical signal from an analog signal to a digital signal;
  • the imaging lens is located in the body for receiving the number converted by the analog to digital converter A word signal and imaged according to the digital signal.
  • analog-to-digital converter, the imaging lens and the body described in this embodiment are similar to those of a conventional camera, and are not described herein again.
  • each area of each channel of a normal camera is the same imaging mode, and the present invention realizes four different angle snapshot imaging by integrating a polarizing plate on each channel.
  • the portable polarization digital camera provided by the embodiment can effectively reduce or eliminate the reflection of the non-metallic surface by pasting the polarizing plates of different angles in front of the imaging lens, and can also effectively improve the color saturation, improve the contrast, and have three different angle polarizing plates. Simultaneous imaging for a wider field of view for more detailed imaging.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an imaging method based on a portable polarization digital camera according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the imaging method based on the portable polarization digital camera of the present embodiment is as follows.
  • the polarizing plate shields and transmits the incident light to obtain optical signals of different polarization angles.
  • the image sensor receives the optical signals of different polarization angles obtained by the three polarizing plates, and converts the optical signals of the different polarization angles into electrical signals.
  • the channel of the preset wavelength in this embodiment is divided into four regions, the first preset angle is 0°, the second preset angle is 60°, and the third preset angle is It is 120°.
  • the method in this embodiment further includes steps 303 and 304 not shown in the figure:
  • the analog to digital converter receives an electrical signal converted by the image sensor, and converts the electrical signal into an analog signal.
  • the imaging lens receives the digital signal obtained by the analog to digital converter and images the digital signal according to the digital signal.
  • the portable polarization digital camera-based imaging method of the embodiment based on the portable polarization digital camera of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, can effectively reduce or eliminate the reflection of the non-metallic surface, improve the color saturation, improve the contrast, and obtain a wider field of view. Image for more detailed imaging.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种便携式偏振数字相机及其成像方法，该便携式偏振数字相机包括：三个偏振片（11）和图像传感器（12）；三个偏振片（11）以第一预设角度、第二预设角度和第三预设角度分别平行粘贴于所述图像传感器（12）一侧的预设波长的通道（121）的第一区域（1211）、第二区域（1212）和第三区域（1213）内，预设波长的通道（121）分为四个区域，偏振片（11）用于对入射光进行遮蔽和透过，得到不同偏振角度的光信号；图像传感器（12）用于接收三个偏振片（11）得到的不同偏振角度的光信号，并将不同偏振角度的光信号转换为电信号。通过在特定波长的通道（121）内粘贴多个偏振片（11），可以有效减弱或者消除非金属表面的反光，提高色彩饱和度，提高反差，获取更宽视场影像，实现更精细的成像。

Description

便携式偏振数字相机及其成像方法 技术领域
本发明涉及偏振数字相机技术领域，具体涉及一种便携式偏振数字相机及其成像方法。
背景技术
八十年代初期，出现了利用CCD器件制作的航空数字相机，在随后几年里不断涌现出各种数字相机。随着CCD器件的发展，数字相机从线阵和面阵的机载数字相机到视频格式的航空数字相机再到线阵和面阵的航空数字相机系统。典型的航空数字相机有ADS40、DMC、UltraCamD等。
航空偏振数字相机的构成主要包括光学镜头、偏振片、滤光片以及CCD面阵探测器等。其中光学系统主要由大口径的负透镜前组和双胶合的正透镜后组构成。前组主要作用是减小光束与光轴的夹角，尽量消除系统的象散和畸变，为后组的聚焦成像做准备；后组对光束进行整理和聚焦，主要消除色差等；前组和后组配合使后截距拉长并构成像方远心的光学系统。
鉴于此，如何有效减弱或者消除非金属表面的反光，提高色彩饱和度，提高反差，获取更宽视场影像，实现更精细的成像成为当前需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷，本发明提供一种便携式偏振数字相机及其成像方法，可以有效减弱或者消除非金属表面的反光，提高色彩饱和度，提高反差，获取更宽视场影像，实现更精细的成像。
第一方面，本发明提出一种便携式偏振数字相机，包括：三个偏振片和图像传感器；
所述三个偏振片以第一预设角度、第二预设角度和第三预设角度分别平行粘贴于所述图像传感器一侧的预设波长的通道的第一区域、第二区域和第三区域内，所述预设波长的通道分为四个区域，所述偏振片用于对入射光进 行遮蔽和透过，得到不同偏振角度的光信号；
所述图像传感器，用于接收所述三个偏振片得到的不同偏振角度的光信号，并将所述不同偏振角度的光信号转换为电信号。
可选的，所述第一预设角度为0°，所述第二预设角度为60°，所述第三预设角度为120°。
可选的，所述偏振片是由偏振膜、内保护膜、压敏胶层及外保护膜以层压方式形成的复合材料。
可选的，所述图像传感器为像素阵列组成的图像传感器，所述像素阵列中的每一像素为光电二极管，所述像素阵列中的像素的数量为105至107数量级。
可选的，所述便携式偏振数字相机，还包括：模数转换器、成像镜头和机身；
所述模数转换器位于所述机身内，用于接收所述图像传感器转换得到的电信号，并将所述电信号由模拟信号转换为数字信号；
所述成像镜头位于所述机身内，用于接收所述模数转换器转换得到的数字信号，并根据所述数字信号成像。
可选的，所述图像传感器为面阵CCD传感器。
第二方面，本发明提出一种基于便携式偏振数字相机的成像方法，包括：
以第一预设角度、第二预设角度和第三预设角度分别平行粘贴于图像传感器一侧的预设波长的通道的第一区域、第二区域和第三区域内的三个偏振片对入射光进行遮蔽和透过，得到不同偏振角度的光信号；
图像传感器接收所述三个偏振片得到的不同偏振角度的光信号，并将所述不同偏振角度的光信号转换为电信号。
可选的，所述预设波长的通道分为四个区域，所述第一预设角度为0°，所述第二预设角度为60°，所述第三预设角度为120°。
可选的，所述方法还包括：
模数转换器接收所述图像传感器转换得到的电信号，并将所述电信号由模拟信号转换为数字信号；
成像镜头接收所述模数转换器得到的数字信号，并根据所述数字信号成像。
由上述技术方案可知，本发明通过在特定波长的通道内粘贴多个偏振片，可以有效减弱或者消除非金属表面的反光，提高色彩饱和度，提高反差，获取更宽视场影像，实现更精细的成像。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施例提供的一种便携式偏振数字相机的结构示意图；
图2为图1所示便携式偏振数字相机的图像传感器每个通道的结构示意图；
图3为本发明一实施例提供的一种基于便携式偏振数字相机的成像方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他的实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
图1示出了本发明一实施例提供的便携式偏振数字相机的结构示意图，包括：三个偏振片11和图像传感器12；
所述三个偏振片11以第一预设角度、第二预设角度和第三预设角度分别平行粘贴于所述图像传感器12一侧的预设波长的通道的第一区域、第二区域和第三区域内，所述预设波长的通道分为四个区域，所述偏振片11用于对入射光进行遮蔽和透过，得到不同偏振角度的光信号；
所述图像传感器12，用于接收所述三个偏振片11得到的不同偏振角度的光信号，并将所述不同偏振角度的光信号转换为电信号。
在具体应用中，本实施例所述第一预设角度为0°，所述第二预设角度为60°，所述第三预设角度为120°。
在具体应用中，本实施例所述图像传感器12为像素阵列组成的图像传感 器，所述像素阵列中的每一像素为光电二极管，所述像素阵列中的像素的数量为105至107数量级。即所述图像传感器12包含105至107数量级个光电二极管。
应说明的是，图像传感器12是本发明相机的核心部件，它将收集样品的漫反射光信号转变为电信号，其质量决定了数字相机的成像质量，它体积虽然很小，但却包含了几十万乃至上千万个具有感光特性的二极管——光电二极管。每个光电二极管即为一个像素，所述图像传感器为所述像素构成的像素阵列，当有光线照射时，光电二极管就会产生电荷积累，积累的电荷最终会转换成相应的像素数据。
图2示出了图像传感器12每个通道的结构示意图，如图2所示，每个像素对应一个通道121，通道用来储存一个图像文件中的选择内容及其它信息，通常表示图像中颜色色阶的变化，如灰度图像中的通道表现的是从黑色到白色的256个色阶的变化。本实施例中每个通道121分为四部分区域，分别为第一区域1211，第二区域1212，第三区域1213和第四区域1214。
在具体应用中，本实施例所述图像传感器12可以优选为面阵电荷耦合元件(Charge Coupled Device，简称CCD)传感器。
在具体应用中，本实施例所述偏振片11是由偏振膜、内保护膜、压敏胶层及外保护膜以层压方式形成的复合材料。本实施例所述偏振片11是集成在预设波长的每个通道121上，把预设波长的每个通道分成四个区域，第一区域1211、第二区域1212和第三区域1213内分别粘贴3个不同角度(0°、60°及120°)的偏振片，第四区域1214不粘贴偏振片，共同来实现更精细的成像，可以获取成像对象非常丰富的影像信息。偏振片11对入射光具有遮蔽和透过的功能，可使纵向光或横向光一种透过，一种遮蔽。
在具体应用中，本实施例所述便携式偏振数字相机还包括：模数转换器(A/D转换器)、成像镜头和机身；
所述模数转换器位于所述机身内，用于接收所述图像传感器转换得到的电信号，并将所述电信号由模拟信号转换为数字信号；
所述成像镜头位于所述机身内，用于接收所述模数转换器转换得到的数 字信号，并根据所述数字信号成像。
本实施例中所述的模数转换器、成像镜头和机身与普通相机类似，在这里不再赘述。
在现有技术中，普通相机每个通道的每个区域是同一种成像方式，本发明通过在每个通道上集成偏振片来实现4个不同角度快照式成像。
本实施例提供的便携式偏振数字相机，通过在成像镜头前粘贴不同角度偏振片可以有效减弱或者消除非金属表面的反光，同时也可以有效提高色彩饱和度，提高反差，并且有三块不同角度偏振片同时成像，可获取更宽视场影像，实现更精细的成像。
图3示出了本发明一实施例提供的一种基于便携式偏振数字相机的成像方法的流程示意图，如图3所示，本实施例的基于便携式偏振数字相机的成像方法如下所述。
301、以第一预设角度、第二预设角度和第三预设角度分别平行粘贴于图像传感器一侧的预设波长的通道的第一区域、第二区域和第三区域内的三个偏振片对入射光进行遮蔽和透过，得到不同偏振角度的光信号。
302、图像传感器接收所述三个偏振片得到的不同偏振角度的光信号，并将所述不同偏振角度的光信号转换为电信号。
在具体应用中，本实施例所述预设波长的通道分为四个区域，所述第一预设角度为0°，所述第二预设角度为60°，所述第三预设角度为120°。
在具体应用中，本实施例所述方法还包括图中未示出的步骤303和304：
303、模数转换器接收所述图像传感器转换得到的电信号，并将所述电信号由模拟信号转换为数字信号。
304、成像镜头接收所述模数转换器得到的数字信号，并根据所述数字信号成像。
本实施例的基于便携式偏振数字相机的成像方法，基于图1所示实施例的便携式偏振数字相机，可以有效减弱或者消除非金属表面的反光，提高色彩饱和度，提高反差，获取更宽视场影像，实现更精细的成像。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对 其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明权利要求所限定的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种便携式偏振数字相机，其特征在于，包括：三个偏振片和图像传感器；
    所述三个偏振片以第一预设角度、第二预设角度和第三预设角度分别平行粘贴于所述图像传感器一侧的预设波长的通道的第一区域、第二区域和第三区域内，所述预设波长的通道分为四个区域，所述偏振片用于对入射光进行遮蔽和透过，得到不同偏振角度的光信号；
    所述图像传感器，用于接收所述三个偏振片得到的不同偏振角度的光信号，并将所述不同偏振角度的光信号转换为电信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的便携式偏振数字相机，其特征在于，所述第一预设角度为0°，所述第二预设角度为60°，所述第三预设角度为120°。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的便携式偏振数字相机，其特征在于，所述偏振片是由偏振膜、内保护膜、压敏胶层及外保护膜以层压方式形成的复合材料。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的便携式偏振数字相机，其特征在于，所述图像传感器为像素阵列组成的图像传感器，所述像素阵列中的每一像素为光电二极管，所述像素阵列中的像素的数量为105至107数量级。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的便携式偏振数字相机，其特征在于，还包括：模数转换器、成像镜头和机身；
    所述模数转换器位于所述机身内，用于接收所述图像传感器转换得到的电信号，并将所述电信号由模拟信号转换为数字信号；
    所述成像镜头位于所述机身内，用于接收所述模数转换器转换得到的数字信号，并根据所述数字信号成像。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的便携式偏振数字相机，其特征在于，所述图像传感器为面阵CCD传感器。
  7. 一种基于便携式偏振数字相机的成像方法，其特征在于，包括：
    以第一预设角度、第二预设角度和第三预设角度分别平行粘贴于图像传感器一侧的预设波长的通道的第一区域、第二区域和第三区域内的三个偏振 片对入射光进行遮蔽和透过，得到不同偏振角度的光信号；
    图像传感器接收所述三个偏振片得到的不同偏振角度的光信号，并将所述不同偏振角度的光信号转换为电信号。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述预设波长的通道分为四个区域，所述第一预设角度为0°，所述第二预设角度为60°，所述第三预设角度为120°。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    模数转换器接收所述图像传感器转换得到的电信号，并将所述电信号由模拟信号转换为数字信号；
    成像镜头接收所述模数转换器得到的数字信号，并根据所述数字信号成像。
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