WO2016208560A1 - Pressing-force sensor, and input device - Google Patents

Pressing-force sensor, and input device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016208560A1
WO2016208560A1 PCT/JP2016/068340 JP2016068340W WO2016208560A1 WO 2016208560 A1 WO2016208560 A1 WO 2016208560A1 JP 2016068340 W JP2016068340 W JP 2016068340W WO 2016208560 A1 WO2016208560 A1 WO 2016208560A1
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sides
piezoelectric film
display device
pressure sensor
sensor
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PCT/JP2016/068340
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
加納英和
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株式会社村田製作所
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Priority to JP2017524910A priority Critical patent/JP6465211B2/en
Publication of WO2016208560A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016208560A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pressure sensor that detects pressure on an operation surface, and an input device including the pressure sensor.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a pressure sensor having a structure in which a piezoelectric film and an operation plate (such as a glass cover) having an operation surface are stacked.
  • the piezoelectric film is formed of L-type polylactic acid (PLLA) uniaxially stretched so as not to be affected by pyroelectricity.
  • the planar shape of the piezoelectric film is a rectangle.
  • a first electrode and a second electrode are formed on both sides of the piezoelectric film.
  • the pressure sensor can detect the pressure from the voltage (charge) generated between the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • the four sides of the rectangular piezoelectric film are fixed to the operation plate with the same elastic modulus.
  • an inversion region in which the polarity of the voltage (charge) generated by the distortion of the piezoelectric film is inverted is formed.
  • the inversion region is formed, the generated voltages (charges) cancel each other. Therefore, the conventional pressure sensor has a problem that the detection sensitivity becomes weak.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure sensor and an input device that can improve detection sensitivity.
  • the press sensor of the present invention includes an operation plate, a stretchable film, a first electrode, and a second electrode.
  • the operation plate has an operation surface.
  • the stretchable film has a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface. The stretchable film stretches in the direction of the first main surface.
  • the first electrode faces the first main surface.
  • the second electrode faces the second main surface.
  • the stretchable film has two first sides facing each other and two second sides facing each other when viewed from the front.
  • the two first sides are fixed to the operation plate with a higher elastic modulus than the two second sides.
  • a conventional pressure sensor is, for example, a sensor in which four sides of a rectangular piezoelectric film are fixed to an operation plate with the same elastic modulus.
  • the pressure sensor having this configuration can improve the detection sensitivity.
  • the planar shape of the stretchable film is a rectangle, the two first sides are long sides, and the two second sides are short sides.
  • a conventional pressure sensor is, for example, a sensor in which four sides of a rectangular piezoelectric film are fixed to an operation plate with the same elastic modulus.
  • the pressure sensor having this configuration can improve the detection sensitivity.
  • the two first sides are preferably fixed to the operation plate via an adhesive.
  • the two first sides are fixed to the operation plate via an adhesive material that is cured by heat or ultraviolet rays.
  • the present invention comprises a substrate provided with the first electrode,
  • the two first sides are preferably fixed to the operation plate via a substrate and an adhesive.
  • the input device of the present invention includes the above-described pressure sensor that detects a pressure on the operation surface, A position sensor that detects a touch position on the operation surface.
  • the input device having this configuration includes the above-described press sensor, the same effect as that of the above-described press sensor can be obtained.
  • the pressure sensor and input device of the present invention can improve detection sensitivity.
  • FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a display device 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the touch panel 10 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line SS shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line TT shown in FIG.
  • It is a top view of piezoelectric film 11P0 shown in FIG.
  • It is a block diagram of the display apparatus 100 shown in FIG. It is a schematic plan view of the press sensor 51P with which the display apparatus 151 which concerns on the 1st comparative example of 1st Embodiment of this invention is equipped.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan perspective view of an operation plate 110 shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 8 is a plan perspective view of an operation plate 110 provided in the display device 151 according to the first comparative example shown in FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 17 is a plan perspective view of the operation plate 110 shown in FIG. 16. It is a figure which shows the electric charge amount which generate
  • piezoelectric film 11P0 with which the display apparatus 300 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention is equipped.
  • piezoelectric film 411P0 with which the display apparatus 400 which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention is equipped.
  • FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a display device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the touch panel 10 shown in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line SS shown in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line TT shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of the piezoelectric film 11P0 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the display device 100 shown in FIG.
  • the display device 100 includes a casing 90 having a size that is portable.
  • the display device 100 is, for example, a tablet or a smartphone.
  • the display device 100 corresponds to an example of an input device.
  • the housing 90 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape whose length and width are larger than the thickness, and has a shape in which the top surface is opened. As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, an operation plate 110 is fitted into the housing 90 so as to close the opening surface of the housing 90.
  • the operation plate 110 includes an operation surface 101 and a back surface 102 that faces the operation surface 101.
  • the operation plate 110 is made of a material having translucency.
  • the operation panel 110, the electrostatic sensor 11 ⁇ / b> D, the pressure sensor 11 ⁇ / b> P, the display unit 30, the control circuit module 52, and the figure are provided in the housing 90 from the operation surface 101 side. 6 are arranged in this order.
  • the operation plate 110, the electrostatic sensor 11D, and the pressure sensor 11P are combined to form the touch panel 10.
  • the operation plate 110, the electrostatic sensor 11 ⁇ / b> D, the pressure sensor 11 ⁇ / b> P, and the display unit 30 have a flat plate shape, and are arranged on the housing 90 so that each flat plate surface is parallel to the operation surface 101 of the housing 90. .
  • a circuit board (not shown) is disposed between the inner bottom surface of the housing 90 and the display unit 30, and the control circuit module 52 is mounted on the circuit board.
  • the control circuit module 52 is a module that implements the control unit 20, the storage unit 21, the RAM 22, the wireless LAN communication unit 60, and the 3G communication unit 61 illustrated in FIG.
  • the control circuit module 52 is connected to the electrostatic sensor 11D, the pressure sensor 11P, the display unit 30, and the battery 70.
  • the control unit 20 is connected to the electrostatic sensor 11D via the wirings L1 and L2 shown in FIG.
  • the control unit 20 is connected to the pressure sensor 11P via the wirings L3 and L4 shown in FIG.
  • the electrostatic sensor 11D includes a plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D1, a flat plate-like insulating substrate 11D2, a plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D3, and a plate-like shape. And an insulating substrate 11D4.
  • An operation plate 110 is provided on the surface of the electrostatic sensor 11D opposite to the pressing sensor 11P.
  • the operation plate 110 is made of an insulating material.
  • the operation plate 110 is made of a translucent material.
  • the operation plate 110 may be made of PET, PP, or glass.
  • the insulating substrate 11D2 is made of a translucent material (for example, PET). As shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, the insulating substrate 11D2 has an upper surface on the operation surface 101 side on which a plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D1 and wirings L1 are formed, and a lower surface facing the upper surface. ing. The lower surface of the operation plate 110 is attached to the upper surface of the insulating substrate 11D2 with a transparent adhesive.
  • the plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D1 have a long shape, and the long direction has a shape along the first direction.
  • the plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D1 are arranged at intervals along a second direction orthogonal to the first direction.
  • the plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D1 are made of a light-transmitting material.
  • the insulating substrate 11D4 is made of a translucent material (for example, PET).
  • the insulating substrate 11D4 has an upper surface on the operation surface 101 side on which a plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D3 and wirings L2 are formed, and a lower surface facing the upper surface.
  • the lower surface of the insulating substrate 11D2 is attached to the upper surface of the insulating substrate 11D4 with a transparent adhesive.
  • the plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D3 have a long shape, and the long direction has a shape along the second direction.
  • the plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D3 are arranged at intervals along the first direction.
  • the plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D3 are made of a light-transmitting material.
  • the pressure sensor 11P includes a pressure detection electrode 11P1, a flat plate-like insulating substrate 11P2, a flat film-like piezoelectric film 11P0, a pressure detection electrode 11P3, and a flat plate-like insulating property. And a substrate 11P4.
  • the insulating substrate 11P2 is made of a light-transmitting material (for example, PET).
  • the insulating substrate 11P2 has an upper surface on the operation surface 101 side on which the pressure detection electrode 11P1 and the wiring L3 are formed, and a lower surface facing the upper surface.
  • the lower surface of the insulating substrate 11D4 is attached to the upper surface of the insulating substrate 11P2 with a transparent adhesive.
  • the shape of the piezoelectric film 11P0 is a rectangular parallelepiped as shown in FIG.
  • the piezoelectric film 11P0 has an upper surface on the operation surface 101 side and a lower surface facing the upper surface.
  • the lower surface of the insulating substrate 11P2 is pasted with a transparent adhesive.
  • the planar shape of the piezoelectric film 11P0 is a rectangle as shown in FIG. 2 and 5, the piezoelectric film 11P0 has two long sides 95A and 95B facing each other and two short sides 96A and 96B facing each other when viewed from the front.
  • the length in the width direction of the piezoelectric film 11P0 is longer than the length in the width direction of each of the insulating substrate 11D2, the insulating substrate 11D4, the insulating substrate 11P2, and the insulating substrate 11P4, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the two long sides 95A and 95B protrude from the insulating substrate 11D2, the insulating substrate 11D4, the insulating substrate 11P2, and the insulating substrate 11P4.
  • the two long sides 95A and 95B are fixed to the back surface 102 of the operation plate 110 via an adhesive 91.
  • the two short sides 96 ⁇ / b> A and 96 ⁇ / b> B are not fixed to the operation plate 110. Therefore, the two long sides 95A and 95B are fixed to the operation plate 110 with a higher elastic modulus than the two short sides 96A and 96B.
  • the piezoelectric film 11P0 constitutes an example of the “expandable film” of the present invention.
  • the upper surface of the piezoelectric film 11P0 corresponds to an example of the “first main surface” in the present invention.
  • the lower surface of the piezoelectric film 11P0 corresponds to an example of the “second main surface” of the present invention.
  • the press detection electrode 11P1 corresponds to an example of the “first electrode” in the present invention.
  • the press detection electrode 11P3 corresponds to an example of the “second electrode” in the present invention.
  • the insulating substrate 11P4 is made of a light-transmitting material (for example, PET).
  • the insulating substrate 11P4 has an upper surface on the operation surface 101 side on which the press detection electrode 11P3 and the wiring L4 are formed, and a lower surface facing the upper surface.
  • the lower surface of the piezoelectric film 11P0 is pasted with a transparent adhesive.
  • the electrostatic sensor 11D detects the capacitance change that occurs when the user's finger approaches or comes into contact with the capacitance detection electrodes 11D1 and 11D3, and uses the signals based on this detection as operation detection signals for wiring.
  • the data is output to the control circuit module 52 via L1 and L2.
  • the pressure sensor 11P detects charges generated by bending of the piezoelectric film 11P0 when the user presses the flat film surface of the piezoelectric film 11P0 with the pressure detection electrodes 11P1 and 11P3, and a signal based on this detection is detected as a pressure detection signal. Is output to the control circuit module 52 via the wirings L3 and L4.
  • the piezoelectric film 11P0 may be a film having piezoelectricity, but is preferably formed of uniaxially stretched polylactic acid (PLA), and further L-type polylactic acid (PLLA).
  • PLA uniaxially stretched polylactic acid
  • PLLA L-type polylactic acid
  • PLLA is a chiral polymer, and the main chain has a helical structure.
  • PLLA is uniaxially stretched and has piezoelectricity when the molecules are oriented.
  • the uniaxially stretched PLLA generates electric charges when the flat film surface of the piezoelectric film is pressed. At this time, the amount of charge generated is uniquely determined by the amount of displacement of the flat membrane surface in the direction orthogonal to the flat membrane surface by pressing.
  • the piezoelectric constant of uniaxially stretched PLLA belongs to a very high class among polymers.
  • the draw ratio is preferably about 3 to 8 times.
  • the X axis direction is 8 times
  • the Y axis direction orthogonal to the X axis is doubled
  • the piezoelectric constant is about 4 times uniaxially stretched in the X axis direction. Is almost the same effect.
  • a film that is simply uniaxially stretched easily tears along the direction of the stretch axis, and thus the strength can be increased somewhat by performing biaxial stretching as described above.
  • PLLA generates piezoelectricity by molecular orientation processing such as stretching, and there is no need to perform poling processing like other polymers such as PVDF and piezoelectric ceramics. That is, the piezoelectricity of PLLA that does not belong to ferroelectrics is not expressed by the polarization of ions like ferroelectrics such as PVDF and PZT, but is derived from a helical structure that is a characteristic structure of molecules. is there.
  • the pyroelectricity generated in other ferroelectric piezoelectric materials does not occur in PLLA.
  • PVDF or the like shows a change in piezoelectric constant over time, and in some cases, the piezoelectric constant may be significantly reduced, but the piezoelectric constant of PLLA is extremely stable over time. Therefore, it is possible to detect displacement due to pressing with high sensitivity without being affected by the surrounding environment.
  • Such a uniaxially stretched piezoelectric film 11P0 is, as shown in FIG. 5, so that the uniaxial stretch direction 900 forms an angle of approximately 45 ° with respect to the two orthogonal directions along the side surface of the housing 90. It is preferable to arrange in the housing 90. By performing such an arrangement, the displacement can be detected with higher sensitivity. Therefore, it is possible to detect the pressing and the pressing amount with higher sensitivity.
  • the pressure detection electrodes 11P1 and 11P3 are either organic electrodes mainly composed of polythiophene or polyaniline, or inorganic electrodes such as ITO, ZnO, silver nanowires, carbon nanotubes, and graphene. Is preferably used. By using these materials, a highly translucent conductor pattern can be formed.
  • a display unit 30 is disposed on the other main surface of the touch panel 10 inside the housing 90.
  • the display unit 30 includes a so-called flat display, and specifically includes a liquid crystal display element.
  • the display unit 30 may be an organic EL display, for example.
  • the display unit 30 includes a liquid crystal panel 301, a front polarizing plate 302, a back polarizing plate 303, and a backlight 304.
  • the front polarizing plate 302 and the back polarizing plate 303 are arranged so as to sandwich the liquid crystal panel 301 therebetween.
  • the backlight 304 is disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal panel 301 with the back polarizing plate 303 interposed therebetween.
  • the display device 100 includes a touch panel 10, a control unit 20, a storage unit 21, a RAM 22, a display unit 30, a wireless LAN communication unit 60, a 3G communication unit 61, and a battery 70.
  • the storage unit 21 is composed of, for example, a flash memory.
  • the storage unit 21 stores a control program in which a control method for each unit of the display device 100 is described.
  • the control unit 20 is constituted by a CPU, for example.
  • the control unit 20 also has a timer circuit that measures the current time and the current date.
  • the control unit 20 controls the operation of each unit of the display device 100 according to the control program stored in the storage unit 21.
  • the control unit 20 expands data processed by the control program in the RAM 22.
  • the touch panel 10 includes a pressure sensor 11P and an electrostatic sensor 11D.
  • the pressing sensor 11P When the operation surface 101 is pressed, the pressing sensor 11P generates a pressing detection signal having a signal level D Sp corresponding to the pressing amount (pressing force). The press sensor 11P outputs a press detection signal to the control unit 20.
  • the electrostatic sensor 11 ⁇ / b> D is a capacitance sensor, and generates an operation detection signal indicating the value of the detection capacitance of each electrode of the touch panel 10.
  • the signal level DSd of the operation detection signal depends on the amount of change in capacitance that occurs when the user's finger approaches or contacts the electrostatic sensor 11D.
  • the electrostatic sensor 11 ⁇ / b> D outputs the generated operation detection signal to the control unit 20.
  • control unit 20 When the control unit 20 detects that the signal level DSd of the operation detection signal output from the electrostatic sensor 11D is larger than a predetermined threshold, the control unit 20 acquires the operation position from the operation detection signal.
  • the control unit 20 determines the operation input content based on the press detection signal and the operation detection signal. At this time, the control unit 20 uses the storage unit 21 as a storage area for operation input content determination processing. The control unit 20 generates image data based on the determined operation input content and outputs it to the display unit 30.
  • the display unit 30 displays an image on the operation surface 101 based on the image data.
  • the wireless LAN communication unit 60 and the 3G communication unit 61 have an antenna (not shown).
  • the wireless LAN communication unit 60 communicates with a server device (not shown) via a wireless LAN router connected to the Internet.
  • the 3G communication unit 61 communicates with a server device (not shown) via a base station connected to the mobile phone network.
  • the battery 70 supplies DC operating power to each part of the display device 100.
  • the display device 100, the display device 151 according to the first comparative example of the display device 100, and the display device 152 according to the second comparative example of the display device 100 are compared.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of a press sensor 51P provided in the display device 151 according to the first comparative example of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of a press sensor 52P provided in the display device 152 according to the second comparative example of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of the pressure sensor 11P shown in FIG.
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 indicate that when the center Q of the operation surface 101 shown in FIG. 1 is pressed and the centers P of the press sensors 51P, 52P, and 11P are pressed, the press sensors 51P and 52P. , 11P shows the magnitude of the charge generated at 11P.
  • the dotted line arrows in FIGS. 8 and 9 indicate the magnitude of electric charge generated by the press sensor 51P shown in FIG.
  • the dotted arrows in FIGS. 8 and 9 are arranged at positions different from the arrows shown in FIG. 7 so as not to overlap with the arrows in FIGS.
  • the point that the display device 151 is different from the display device 100 is a press sensor 51P.
  • the difference between the pressure sensor 51P and the pressure sensor 11P is that the two long sides 95A and 95B are fixed to the operation plate 110 with the same elastic modulus as the two short sides 96A and 96B. Since other configurations are the same, description thereof is omitted.
  • the point that the display device 152 is different from the display device 100 is a press sensor 52P.
  • the difference between the pressure sensor 52P and the pressure sensor 11P is that the two short sides 96A and 96B are fixed to the operation plate 110 with a higher elastic modulus than the two long sides 95A and 95B. Since other configurations are the same, description thereof is omitted.
  • the two long sides 95A and 95B are fixed to the operation plate 110 with a higher elastic modulus than the two short sides 96A and 96B.
  • the four sides are fixed with the same hardness. Therefore, the component of the force generated when the center Q of the operation surface 101 shown in FIG. 1 is pressed differs between the central portion and the end portion of the piezoelectric film 11P0.
  • the central portion of the piezoelectric film 11P0 since the extending direction of the piezoelectric film 11P0 is different by 90 degrees, charges having different polarities are generated. Even at the end of the piezoelectric film 11P0, the extending direction of the piezoelectric film 11P0 is different by 90 degrees, so that charges having different polarities are generated.
  • the magnitude of the generated charge differs between the central portion and the edge portion.
  • the two short sides 96A and 96B are fixed to the operation plate 110 with a higher elastic modulus than the two long sides 95A and 95B. Therefore, when the center Q of the operation surface 101 shown in FIG. 1 is pressed, the piezoelectric film 11P0 is easily stretched in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, in the central portion of the press sensor 52P, the charge generated by the longitudinal extension of the press sensor 52P cancels the charge generated by the lateral extension of the press sensor 52P (see ⁇ 0). On the other hand, at the end of the press sensor 52P, the electric charge (see solid line arrow) generated by the longitudinal extension of the press sensor 52P increases from the electric charge (see dotted arrow) generated by the longitudinal extension of the press sensor 51P.
  • the two long sides 95A and 95B are fixed to the operation plate 110 with a higher elastic modulus than the two short sides 96A and 96B. Therefore, when the center Q of the operation surface 101 shown in FIG. 1 is pressed, the piezoelectric film 11P0 tends to extend in the short direction. Therefore, in the central portion of the press sensor 11P, the electric charge (see solid line arrow) generated by the short direction of the press sensor 11P increases from the electric charge (see dotted line arrow) generated by the short direction of the press sensor 51P. Therefore, the pressure sensor 11P and the display device 100 can improve detection sensitivity.
  • FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing a voltage distribution generated in the press sensor 51P provided in the display device 151 according to the first comparative example shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing a voltage distribution generated in the press sensor 11P shown in FIG. 10 and 11, when the center Q of the operation surface 101 shown in FIG. 1 is pressed and the center P of the press sensor 11P is pressed, the voltage (charge) generated by the distortion of the piezoelectric film 11P0 of the press sensor 11P. )
  • the polarities symbols “+” and “ ⁇ ”
  • a region where the polarity of the voltage is different from that of the white plain region is referred to as a “voltage polarity inversion region 80” and is indicated by a hatched portion.
  • the display device 100 detects the voltage (charge) generated between the pressure detection electrode 11P1 and the pressure detection electrode 11P3 due to the distortion of the piezoelectric film 11P0. Thereby, the display apparatus 100 detects pressing force information when the user presses the operation surface 101.
  • this detection method detects all the voltages (charges) generated according to the distortion amount of the piezoelectric film 11P0. Therefore, if the voltage polarity inversion region 80 exists in the piezoelectric film 11P0, the generated voltage (charge) is canceled out. Therefore, the detection sensitivity is lowered, and the display device 100 cannot accurately detect the pressing force information. Therefore, in order to prevent a decrease in detection sensitivity, it is preferable to reduce the area where the voltage polarity inversion region 80 is formed.
  • the piezoelectric film 11P0 extends in the longitudinal direction and the short direction as shown in FIG. 10 (see FIG. 7). Therefore, the voltage polarity reversal region 80 is greatly formed along the end portion from the center of the two long sides 95A and 95B of the piezoelectric film 11P0.
  • the piezoelectric film 11P0 mainly extends in the short direction (see FIG. 9). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, the polarity of the voltage generated when the user presses the center P of the operation surface 101 is substantially one type.
  • the area of the voltage polarity inversion region 80 formed when the user presses the center Q of the operation surface 101 of the display device 100 is the same as that when the user presses the center Q of the operation surface 101 of the display device 151. Compared to the area of the voltage polarity reversal region 80 formed at, the area is extremely small. Therefore, the pressure sensor 11P and the display device 100 can improve detection sensitivity.
  • FIG. 12 is a plan perspective view of the operation plate 110 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 13 is a plan perspective view of the operation panel 110 provided in the display device 151 according to the first comparative example shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the amount of charge generated when each pressing point (1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C) shown in FIG. 12 is pressed with a force of 1 (N). It is.
  • Table 1 shows the amount of charge generated when each pressing point (1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C) shown in FIG. 12 is pressed with a force of 1 (N). Yes.
  • FIG. 1 shows the amount of charge generated when each pressing point (1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C) shown in FIG. 12 is pressed with a force of 1 (N). Yes.
  • 15 is a diagram showing the amount of charge generated when each pressing point (1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C) shown in FIG. 13 is pressed with a force of 1 (N). It is.
  • Table 2 shows the amount of charge generated when each pressing point (1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C) shown in FIG. 13 is pressed with a force of 1 (N). Yes.
  • the pressure sensor 11P and the display device 100 can improve detection sensitivity.
  • FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a display device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display device 200 is different from the display device 100 in the method for fixing the piezoelectric film 11P0.
  • Other configurations are the same.
  • the pressure sensor 211P includes a pressure detection electrode 11P1, an insulating substrate 211P2, a piezoelectric film 11P0, a pressure detection electrode 11P3, and an insulating substrate 211P4.
  • the area of the insulating substrate 211P2 is larger than the area of the insulating substrate 11P2. Other configurations are the same.
  • the area of the insulating substrate 211P4 is larger than the area of the insulating substrate 11P4. Other configurations are the same.
  • the two long sides 95A and 95B are fixed to the back surface 102 of the operation plate 110 via the insulating substrate 211P2 and the adhesive 91.
  • the insulating substrate 211P2 corresponds to an example of the substrate of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a plan perspective view of the operation plate 110 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the amount of charge generated when each pressing point (1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C) shown in FIG. 17 is pressed with a force of 1 (N). It is.
  • Table 3 shows the amount of charge generated when each pressing point (1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C) shown in FIG. 17 is pressed with a force of 1 (N). Yes.
  • the pressure sensor 211P and the display device 200 can improve detection sensitivity.
  • FIG. 19 is a plan view of the piezoelectric film 11P0 provided in the display device 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display device 300 is different from the display device 100 in the method of fixing the piezoelectric film 11P0. Other configurations are the same.
  • the long side 95 ⁇ / b> A is fixed to the back surface 102 of the operation plate 110 via a plurality of adhesives 91.
  • the long side 95B is fixed to the back surface 102 of the operation plate 110 via a plurality of adhesives 91.
  • FIG. 20 is a plan view of the piezoelectric film 411P0 provided in the display device 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the piezoelectric film 411P0 is different from the piezoelectric film 11P0 in the shape of the piezoelectric film 411P0. Other configurations are the same.
  • the piezoelectric film 411P0 has a plurality of adhesion regions 495A to 495D to which the adhesive 91 is adhered. As shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of adhesion regions 495A to 495D protrude from the insulating substrate 11D2, the insulating substrate 11D4, the insulating substrate 11P2, and the insulating substrate 11P4.
  • planar shape of the piezoelectric film 11P0 is a rectangular shape, it is not restricted to this.
  • the planar shape of the piezoelectric film may be other planar shapes such as a square shape, a circular shape, a trapezoidal shape, a parallelogram shape, a polygonal shape of quadrilateral or more, an elliptical shape, an oval shape, or the like. Any of the fixing methods described above may be used.
  • the two first sides are fixed to the operation plate with a higher elastic modulus than the two second sides, so that the piezoelectric film is only in one direction. It can be extended and the formation of the voltage polarity inversion region is suppressed. For this reason, even if the planar shape of the piezoelectric film is square, the detection sensitivity can be improved. If the planar shape of the piezoelectric film is circular, an arc or string connecting two points out of any four points on the circumference is the first side, and an arc or string connecting the other two points is the second side. Also good.
  • the press sensor 11P may be provided on the back side of the display unit 30.
  • the two first sides are fixed to the display unit 30 with a higher elastic modulus than the two second sides.
  • the piezoelectric film 11P0 is used as an example of the stretchable film, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the stretchable film can be composed of, for example, an electrostrictive film, an electret film, a piezoelectric ceramic, a composite film in which piezoelectric particles are dispersed in a polymer, or an electroactive polymer film.
  • the electroactive polymer film is a film that generates stress by electrical driving, or a film that deforms and generates displacement by electrical driving.
  • an electrostrictive film a composite material (a material obtained by resin-molding piezoelectric ceramics), an electrically driven elastomer, or a liquid crystal elastomer.

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Abstract

A display device (100) is provided with a casing (90). An operation board (110) is fitted to the casing (90) so as to close the aperture of the casing (90). The operation board (110) has an operation surface (101) and a reverse surface (102) opposing the operation surface (101). Inside the casing (90) are arranged, from the operation-surface (101) side, the operation board (110), an electrostatic sensor (11D), a pressing-force sensor (11P), a display part (30), a control circuit module (52), and a battery (70). The pressing-force sensor (11P) has a pressing force detection electrode (11P1), an insulating substrate (11P2), a piezoelectric film (11P0), a pressing force detection electrode (11P3), and an insulating substrate (11P4). The piezoelectric film (11P0) has two long sides (95A), (95B) and two short sides (96A), (96B). The two long sides (95A), (95B) are secured to the operation board (110) with higher modulus of elasticity than are the two short sides (96A), (96B).

Description

押圧センサ、入力装置Press sensor, input device
　本発明は、操作面に対する押圧を検出する押圧センサ、及び押圧センサを備える入力装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a pressure sensor that detects pressure on an operation surface, and an input device including the pressure sensor.
　近年、操作面に対する押圧を検出する押圧センサが各種考案されている。例えば、特許文献１には、圧電フィルムと操作面を有する操作板（ガラスカバーなど）とが積層した構造を備える押圧センサが開示されている。 In recent years, various pressure sensors for detecting pressure on the operation surface have been devised. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a pressure sensor having a structure in which a piezoelectric film and an operation plate (such as a glass cover) having an operation surface are stacked.
　圧電フィルムは、焦電性による影響を受けないよう一軸延伸されたＬ型ポリ乳酸（ＰＬＬＡ）により形成される。圧電フィルムの平面形状は長方形である。圧電フィルムの両面には、第１電極と第２電極が形成される。 The piezoelectric film is formed of L-type polylactic acid (PLLA) uniaxially stretched so as not to be affected by pyroelectricity. The planar shape of the piezoelectric film is a rectangle. A first electrode and a second electrode are formed on both sides of the piezoelectric film.
　この構成において、ユーザが操作面を押圧操作した際、圧電フィルムの歪みによって第１電極と第２電極との間に電圧（電荷）が発生する。そのため、押圧センサは、第１電極と第２電極との間に発生した電圧（電荷）から、押圧を検出することができる。 In this configuration, when the user presses the operation surface, a voltage (electric charge) is generated between the first electrode and the second electrode due to the distortion of the piezoelectric film. Therefore, the pressure sensor can detect the pressure from the voltage (charge) generated between the first electrode and the second electrode.
特開２０１３－２４２９００号公報JP 2013-242900 A
　しかしながら、従来の押圧センサでは例えば、四角形の圧電フィルムの４辺は同じ弾性率で操作板に固定される。この構成において、ユーザが操作面に対して押圧操作を行うと、圧電フィルムの歪みにより発生する電圧（電荷）の極性が反転する反転領域が形成される。反転領域が形成されると、発生する電圧（電荷）同士が相殺される。そのため、従来の押圧センサには、検出感度が弱くなるという問題がある。 However, in the conventional pressure sensor, for example, the four sides of the rectangular piezoelectric film are fixed to the operation plate with the same elastic modulus. In this configuration, when the user performs a pressing operation on the operation surface, an inversion region in which the polarity of the voltage (charge) generated by the distortion of the piezoelectric film is inverted is formed. When the inversion region is formed, the generated voltages (charges) cancel each other. Therefore, the conventional pressure sensor has a problem that the detection sensitivity becomes weak.
　本発明の目的は、検出感度を向上できる押圧センサ及び入力装置を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure sensor and an input device that can improve detection sensitivity.
　本発明の押圧センサは、操作板と、伸縮フィルムと、第１電極と、第２電極と、を備える。操作板は、操作面を有する。伸縮フィルムは、第１主面と第１主面に対向する第２主面とを有する。伸縮フィルムは、第１主面の方向に伸縮する。第１電極は、第１主面に対向する。第２電極は、第２主面に対向する。 The press sensor of the present invention includes an operation plate, a stretchable film, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The operation plate has an operation surface. The stretchable film has a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface. The stretchable film stretches in the direction of the first main surface. The first electrode faces the first main surface. The second electrode faces the second main surface.
　伸縮フィルムは、正面視して、互いに対向する２つの第１の辺と互いに対向する２つの第２の辺とを有する。そして、２つの第１の辺は、２つの第２の辺より高い弾性率で操作板に固定されている。 The stretchable film has two first sides facing each other and two second sides facing each other when viewed from the front. The two first sides are fixed to the operation plate with a higher elastic modulus than the two second sides.
　この構成では、操作面の中心が押圧されたとき、伸縮フィルムは一方向（第２の辺が伸びる方向）に伸びやすくなる。そのため、押圧センサの中央部では、押圧センサの一方向に生じる電荷が、従来の押圧センサの一方向に生じる電荷より増加する。従来の押圧センサは例えば、四角形の圧電フィルムの４辺が同じ弾性率で操作板に固定されているセンサである。 In this configuration, when the center of the operation surface is pressed, the stretchable film is easily stretched in one direction (the direction in which the second side extends). Therefore, in the central part of the pressure sensor, the charge generated in one direction of the pressure sensor is increased from the charge generated in one direction of the conventional pressure sensor. A conventional pressure sensor is, for example, a sensor in which four sides of a rectangular piezoelectric film are fixed to an operation plate with the same elastic modulus.
　したがって、この構成の押圧センサは、検出感度を向上できる。 Therefore, the pressure sensor having this configuration can improve the detection sensitivity.
　また本発明において、伸縮フィルムの平面形状は、長方形であり、２つの第１の辺は、長辺であり、２つの第２の辺は、短辺であることが好ましい。 In the present invention, it is also preferable that the planar shape of the stretchable film is a rectangle, the two first sides are long sides, and the two second sides are short sides.
　この構成では、操作面の中心が押圧されたとき、伸縮フィルムは短手方向（第２の辺が伸びる方向）に伸びやすくなる。そのため、押圧センサの中央部では、押圧センサの短手方向に生じる電荷が、従来の押圧センサの短手方向に生じる電荷より増加する。従来の押圧センサは例えば、長方形の圧電フィルムの４辺が同じ弾性率で操作板に固定されているセンサである。 In this configuration, when the center of the operation surface is pressed, the stretchable film is easily stretched in the short direction (direction in which the second side extends). Therefore, in the central portion of the pressure sensor, the charge generated in the short direction of the pressure sensor is increased from the charge generated in the short direction of the conventional pressure sensor. A conventional pressure sensor is, for example, a sensor in which four sides of a rectangular piezoelectric film are fixed to an operation plate with the same elastic modulus.
　したがって、この構成の押圧センサは、検出感度を向上できる。 Therefore, the pressure sensor having this configuration can improve the detection sensitivity.
　また本発明において、２つの第１の辺は、接着剤を介して操作板に固定されていることが好ましい。 In the present invention, the two first sides are preferably fixed to the operation plate via an adhesive.
　また本発明において、２つの第１の辺は、熱または紫外線等によって硬化する粘着材を介して操作板に固定されていることが好ましい。 In the present invention, it is preferable that the two first sides are fixed to the operation plate via an adhesive material that is cured by heat or ultraviolet rays.
　また本発明において、第１電極が設けられた基板を備え、
　２つの第１の辺は、基板および接着剤を介して操作板に固定されていることが好ましい。 Further, in the present invention, it comprises a substrate provided with the first electrode,
The two first sides are preferably fixed to the operation plate via a substrate and an adhesive.
　また、本発明の入力装置は、操作面に対する押圧を検出する前述の押圧センサと、
　操作面に対するタッチ位置を検出する位置センサと、を備える。 Further, the input device of the present invention includes the above-described pressure sensor that detects a pressure on the operation surface,
A position sensor that detects a touch position on the operation surface.
　この構成の入力装置は、前述の押圧センサを備えるため、前述の押圧センサと同様の効果を奏する。 Since the input device having this configuration includes the above-described press sensor, the same effect as that of the above-described press sensor can be obtained.
　本発明の押圧センサ及び入力装置は、検出感度を向上できる。 The pressure sensor and input device of the present invention can improve detection sensitivity.
本発明の第１実施形態に係る表示装置１００の外観斜視図である。1 is an external perspective view of a display device 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 図１に示すタッチパネル１０の分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view of the touch panel 10 shown in FIG. 図１に示すＳ－Ｓ線の断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line SS shown in FIG. 図１に示すＴ－Ｔ線の断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line TT shown in FIG. 図２に示す圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の平面図である。It is a top view of piezoelectric film 11P0 shown in FIG. 図１に示す表示装置１００のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the display apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 本発明の第１実施形態の第１比較例に係る表示装置１５１に備えられる押圧センサ５１Ｐの概略平面図である。It is a schematic plan view of the press sensor 51P with which the display apparatus 151 which concerns on the 1st comparative example of 1st Embodiment of this invention is equipped. 本発明の第１実施形態の第２比較例に係る表示装置１５２に備えられる押圧センサ５２Ｐの概略平面図である。It is a schematic plan view of the press sensor 52P with which the display apparatus 152 which concerns on the 2nd comparative example of 1st Embodiment of this invention is equipped. 図２に示す押圧センサ１１Ｐの概略平面図である。It is a schematic plan view of the press sensor 11P shown in FIG. 図７に示す第１比較例に係る表示装置１５１に備えられる押圧センサ５１Ｐで発生する電圧分布を示す概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram which shows the voltage distribution which generate | occur | produces in the press sensor 51P with which the display apparatus 151 which concerns on the 1st comparative example shown in FIG. 7 is equipped. 図９に示す押圧センサ１１Ｐで発生する電圧分布を示す概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram which shows the voltage distribution which generate | occur | produces in the press sensor 11P shown in FIG. 図１に示す操作板１１０の平面透視図である。FIG. 2 is a plan perspective view of an operation plate 110 shown in FIG. 1. 図７に示す第１比較例に係る表示装置１５１に備えられる操作板１１０の平面透視図である。FIG. 8 is a plan perspective view of an operation plate 110 provided in the display device 151 according to the first comparative example shown in FIG. 7. 図１２に示す各押圧点が押圧されたときに発生する電荷量を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the electric charge amount which generate | occur | produces when each press point shown in FIG. 12 is pressed. 図１３に示す各押圧点が押圧されたときに発生する電荷量を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the electric charge amount generate | occur | produced when each press point shown in FIG. 13 is pressed. 本発明の第２実施形態に係る表示装置２００の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the display apparatus 200 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 図１６に示す操作板１１０の平面透視図である。FIG. 17 is a plan perspective view of the operation plate 110 shown in FIG. 16. 図１７に示す各押圧点が押圧されたときに発生する電荷量を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the electric charge amount which generate | occur | produces when each pressing point shown in FIG. 17 is pressed. 本発明の第３実施形態に係る表示装置３００に備えられる圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の平面図である。It is a top view of piezoelectric film 11P0 with which the display apparatus 300 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention is equipped. 本発明の第４実施形態に係る表示装置４００に備えられる圧電フィルム４１１Ｐ０の平面図である。It is a top view of piezoelectric film 411P0 with which the display apparatus 400 which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention is equipped.
　《第１の実施形態》
　本発明の第１実施形態に係る表示装置について、図を参照して説明する。 << First Embodiment >>
A display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
　図１は、本発明の第１実施形態に係る表示装置１００の外観斜視図である。図２は、図１に示すタッチパネル１０の分解斜視図である。図３は、図１に示すＳ－Ｓ線の断面図である。図４は、図１に示すＴ－Ｔ線の断面図である。図５は、図２に示す圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の平面図である。図６は、図１に示す表示装置１００のブロック図である。 FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a display device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the touch panel 10 shown in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line SS shown in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line TT shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the piezoelectric film 11P0 shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the display device 100 shown in FIG.
　図１に示すように、表示装置１００は、携帯可能な程度の大きさからなる筐体９０を備える。表示装置１００は、例えばタブレットやスマートフォンである。表示装置１００は、入力装置の一例に相当する。 As shown in FIG. 1, the display device 100 includes a casing 90 having a size that is portable. The display device 100 is, for example, a tablet or a smartphone. The display device 100 corresponds to an example of an input device.
　筐体９０は、長さ及び幅が厚さよりも大きな直方体形状であり、天面が開口する形状からなる。筐体９０には、図１、図３、図４に示すように、筐体９０の開口面を塞ぐよう操作板１１０が嵌め合されている。操作板１１０は、操作面１０１と操作面１０１に対向する裏面１０２とを有する。操作板１１０は、透光性を有する材料からなる。 The housing 90 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape whose length and width are larger than the thickness, and has a shape in which the top surface is opened. As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, an operation plate 110 is fitted into the housing 90 so as to close the opening surface of the housing 90. The operation plate 110 includes an operation surface 101 and a back surface 102 that faces the operation surface 101. The operation plate 110 is made of a material having translucency.
　筐体９０内には、図１、図３、図４に示すように、操作面１０１側から、操作板１１０、静電センサ１１Ｄ、押圧センサ１１Ｐ、表示部３０、制御回路モジュール５２、及び図６に示すバッテリ７０がこの順番に配置されている。操作板１１０、静電センサ１１Ｄ及び押圧センサ１１Ｐは、組み合わされて、タッチパネル１０を構成する。操作板１１０、静電センサ１１Ｄ、押圧センサ１１Ｐ、および表示部３０は平板状であり、それぞれの平板面が筐体９０の操作面１０１に平行になるように、筐体９０に配置されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the operation panel 110, the electrostatic sensor 11 </ b> D, the pressure sensor 11 </ b> P, the display unit 30, the control circuit module 52, and the figure are provided in the housing 90 from the operation surface 101 side. 6 are arranged in this order. The operation plate 110, the electrostatic sensor 11D, and the pressure sensor 11P are combined to form the touch panel 10. The operation plate 110, the electrostatic sensor 11 </ b> D, the pressure sensor 11 </ b> P, and the display unit 30 have a flat plate shape, and are arranged on the housing 90 so that each flat plate surface is parallel to the operation surface 101 of the housing 90. .
　筐体９０の内底面と表示部３０との間には、回路基板（図示せず）が配置されており、当該回路基板に制御回路モジュール５２が実装されている。制御回路モジュール５２は、図６に示す、制御部２０、記憶部２１、ＲＡＭ２２、無線ＬＡＮ通信部６０、及び３Ｇ通信部６１を実現するモジュールである。 A circuit board (not shown) is disposed between the inner bottom surface of the housing 90 and the display unit 30, and the control circuit module 52 is mounted on the circuit board. The control circuit module 52 is a module that implements the control unit 20, the storage unit 21, the RAM 22, the wireless LAN communication unit 60, and the 3G communication unit 61 illustrated in FIG.
　制御回路モジュール５２は、静電センサ１１Ｄ、押圧センサ１１Ｐ、表示部３０、及びバッテリ７０に接続されている。ここで、制御部２０は、図２に示す配線Ｌ１、Ｌ２を介して静電センサ１１Ｄに接続されている。同様に、制御部２０は、図２に示す配線Ｌ３、Ｌ４を介して押圧センサ１１Ｐに接続されている。 The control circuit module 52 is connected to the electrostatic sensor 11D, the pressure sensor 11P, the display unit 30, and the battery 70. Here, the control unit 20 is connected to the electrostatic sensor 11D via the wirings L1 and L2 shown in FIG. Similarly, the control unit 20 is connected to the pressure sensor 11P via the wirings L3 and L4 shown in FIG.
　静電センサ１１Ｄは、図３～図６に示すように、複数の静電容量検出用電極１１Ｄ１と、平板状の絶縁性基板１１Ｄ２と、複数の静電容量検出用電極１１Ｄ３と、平板状の絶縁性基板１１Ｄ４と、を有する。 As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the electrostatic sensor 11D includes a plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D1, a flat plate-like insulating substrate 11D2, a plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D3, and a plate-like shape. And an insulating substrate 11D4.
　静電センサ１１Ｄの押圧センサ１１Ｐとは反対側の面には、操作板１１０が設けられている。操作板１１０は、絶縁性を有する材質からなる。操作板１１０は、透光性を有する材質からなる。例えば、操作板１１０には、ＰＥＴ、ＰＰ、ガラスを用いるとよい。 An operation plate 110 is provided on the surface of the electrostatic sensor 11D opposite to the pressing sensor 11P. The operation plate 110 is made of an insulating material. The operation plate 110 is made of a translucent material. For example, the operation plate 110 may be made of PET, PP, or glass.
　絶縁性基板１１Ｄ２は、透光性を有する材料（例えばＰＥＴ）からなる。図３～図４に示すように、絶縁性基板１１Ｄ２は、複数の静電容量検出用電極１１Ｄ１及び配線Ｌ１が形成された操作面１０１側の上面と、上面に対向する下面と、を有している。絶縁性基板１１Ｄ２の上面には、操作板１１０の下面が透明粘着剤によって貼付されている。 The insulating substrate 11D2 is made of a translucent material (for example, PET). As shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, the insulating substrate 11D2 has an upper surface on the operation surface 101 side on which a plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D1 and wirings L1 are formed, and a lower surface facing the upper surface. ing. The lower surface of the operation plate 110 is attached to the upper surface of the insulating substrate 11D2 with a transparent adhesive.
　複数の静電容量検出用電極１１Ｄ１は長尺状であり、長尺方向が第１の方向に沿う形状からなる。複数の静電容量検出用電極１１Ｄ１は、第１の方向に直交する第２の方向に沿って間隔を空けて配置されている。複数の静電容量検出用電極１１Ｄ１は透光性を有する材料からなる。 The plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D1 have a long shape, and the long direction has a shape along the first direction. The plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D1 are arranged at intervals along a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. The plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D1 are made of a light-transmitting material.
　絶縁性基板１１Ｄ４は、透光性を有する材料（例えばＰＥＴ）からなる。絶縁性基板１１Ｄ４は、複数の静電容量検出用電極１１Ｄ３及び配線Ｌ２が形成された操作面１０１側の上面と、上面に対向する下面と、を有している。絶縁性基板１１Ｄ４の上面には、絶縁性基板１１Ｄ２の下面が透明粘着剤によって貼付されている。 The insulating substrate 11D4 is made of a translucent material (for example, PET). The insulating substrate 11D4 has an upper surface on the operation surface 101 side on which a plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D3 and wirings L2 are formed, and a lower surface facing the upper surface. The lower surface of the insulating substrate 11D2 is attached to the upper surface of the insulating substrate 11D4 with a transparent adhesive.
　複数の静電容量検出用電極１１Ｄ３は長尺状であり、長尺方向が第２の方向に沿う形状からなる。複数の静電容量検出用電極１１Ｄ３は、第１の方向に沿って間隔を空けて配置されている。複数の静電容量検出用電極１１Ｄ３は透光性を有する材料からなる。 The plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D3 have a long shape, and the long direction has a shape along the second direction. The plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D3 are arranged at intervals along the first direction. The plurality of capacitance detection electrodes 11D3 are made of a light-transmitting material.
　押圧センサ１１Ｐは、図２～図５に示すように、押圧検出電極１１Ｐ１と、平板状の絶縁性基板１１Ｐ２と、平膜状の圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０と、押圧検出電極１１Ｐ３と、平板状の絶縁性基板１１Ｐ４と、を有する。 As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the pressure sensor 11P includes a pressure detection electrode 11P1, a flat plate-like insulating substrate 11P2, a flat film-like piezoelectric film 11P0, a pressure detection electrode 11P3, and a flat plate-like insulating property. And a substrate 11P4.
　絶縁性基板１１Ｐ２は、透光性を有する材料（例えばＰＥＴ）からなる。絶縁性基板１１Ｐ２は、押圧検出電極１１Ｐ１及び配線Ｌ３が形成された操作面１０１側の上面と、上面に対向する下面と、を有している。絶縁性基板１１Ｐ２の上面には、絶縁性基板１１Ｄ４の下面が透明粘着剤によって貼付されている。 The insulating substrate 11P2 is made of a light-transmitting material (for example, PET). The insulating substrate 11P2 has an upper surface on the operation surface 101 side on which the pressure detection electrode 11P1 and the wiring L3 are formed, and a lower surface facing the upper surface. The lower surface of the insulating substrate 11D4 is attached to the upper surface of the insulating substrate 11P2 with a transparent adhesive.
　圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の形状は、図２に示すように直方体である。圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０は、操作面１０１側の上面と、上面に対向する下面と、を有している。圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の上面には、絶縁性基板１１Ｐ２の下面が透明粘着剤によって貼付されている。 The shape of the piezoelectric film 11P0 is a rectangular parallelepiped as shown in FIG. The piezoelectric film 11P0 has an upper surface on the operation surface 101 side and a lower surface facing the upper surface. On the upper surface of the piezoelectric film 11P0, the lower surface of the insulating substrate 11P2 is pasted with a transparent adhesive.
　また、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の平面形状は、図５に示すように長方形である。圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０は図２、図５に示すように、正面視して、互いに対向する２つの長辺９５Ａ、９５Ｂと互いに対向する２つの短辺９６Ａ、９６Ｂとを有する。 The planar shape of the piezoelectric film 11P0 is a rectangle as shown in FIG. 2 and 5, the piezoelectric film 11P0 has two long sides 95A and 95B facing each other and two short sides 96A and 96B facing each other when viewed from the front.
　圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の幅方向の長さは図３に示すように、絶縁性基板１１Ｄ２、絶縁性基板１１Ｄ４、絶縁性基板１１Ｐ２、及び絶縁性基板１１Ｐ４のそれぞれの幅方向の長さより長い。そのため、２つの長辺９５Ａ、９５Ｂは、絶縁性基板１１Ｄ２、絶縁性基板１１Ｄ４、絶縁性基板１１Ｐ２、及び絶縁性基板１１Ｐ４から突出している。 The length in the width direction of the piezoelectric film 11P0 is longer than the length in the width direction of each of the insulating substrate 11D2, the insulating substrate 11D4, the insulating substrate 11P2, and the insulating substrate 11P4, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the two long sides 95A and 95B protrude from the insulating substrate 11D2, the insulating substrate 11D4, the insulating substrate 11P2, and the insulating substrate 11P4.
　そして、２つの長辺９５Ａ、９５Ｂは、接着剤９１を介して操作板１１０の裏面１０２に固定されている。一方、２つの短辺９６Ａ、９６Ｂは、操作板１１０に固定されていない。そのため、２つの長辺９５Ａ、９５Ｂは、２つの短辺９６Ａ、９６Ｂより高い弾性率で操作板１１０に固定されている。 The two long sides 95A and 95B are fixed to the back surface 102 of the operation plate 110 via an adhesive 91. On the other hand, the two short sides 96 </ b> A and 96 </ b> B are not fixed to the operation plate 110. Therefore, the two long sides 95A and 95B are fixed to the operation plate 110 with a higher elastic modulus than the two short sides 96A and 96B.
　なお、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０が、本発明の「伸縮フィルム」の一例を構成する。また、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の上面が、本発明の「第１主面」の一例に相当する。また、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の下面が、本発明の「第２主面」の一例に相当する。また、押圧検出電極１１Ｐ１が、本発明の「第１電極」の一例に相当する。また、押圧検出電極１１Ｐ３が、本発明の「第２電極」の一例に相当する。 The piezoelectric film 11P0 constitutes an example of the “expandable film” of the present invention. The upper surface of the piezoelectric film 11P0 corresponds to an example of the “first main surface” in the present invention. The lower surface of the piezoelectric film 11P0 corresponds to an example of the “second main surface” of the present invention. The press detection electrode 11P1 corresponds to an example of the “first electrode” in the present invention. The press detection electrode 11P3 corresponds to an example of the “second electrode” in the present invention.
　絶縁性基板１１Ｐ４は、透光性を有する材料（例えばＰＥＴ）からなる。絶縁性基板１１Ｐ４は、押圧検出電極１１Ｐ３及び配線Ｌ４が形成された操作面１０１側の上面と、上面に対向する下面と、を有している。絶縁性基板１１Ｐ４の上面には、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の下面が透明粘着剤によって貼付されている。 The insulating substrate 11P4 is made of a light-transmitting material (for example, PET). The insulating substrate 11P4 has an upper surface on the operation surface 101 side on which the press detection electrode 11P3 and the wiring L4 are formed, and a lower surface facing the upper surface. On the upper surface of the insulating substrate 11P4, the lower surface of the piezoelectric film 11P0 is pasted with a transparent adhesive.
　静電センサ１１Ｄは、ユーザの指が近接したり、接触した際に生じる静電容量変化を、静電容量検出用電極１１Ｄ１，１１Ｄ３で検出し、この検出に基づく信号を操作検出信号として、配線Ｌ１、Ｌ２を介して制御回路モジュール５２へ出力する。 The electrostatic sensor 11D detects the capacitance change that occurs when the user's finger approaches or comes into contact with the capacitance detection electrodes 11D1 and 11D3, and uses the signals based on this detection as operation detection signals for wiring. The data is output to the control circuit module 52 via L1 and L2.
　押圧センサ１１Ｐは、ユーザが圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の平膜面を押圧することで、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０が撓んで発生する電荷を、押圧検出電極１１Ｐ１，１１Ｐ３で検出し、この検出に基づく信号を押圧検出信号として、配線Ｌ３、Ｌ４を介して制御回路モジュール５２へ出力する。 The pressure sensor 11P detects charges generated by bending of the piezoelectric film 11P0 when the user presses the flat film surface of the piezoelectric film 11P0 with the pressure detection electrodes 11P1 and 11P3, and a signal based on this detection is detected as a pressure detection signal. Is output to the control circuit module 52 via the wirings L3 and L4.
　なお、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０は、圧電性を有するフィルムであればよいが、好ましくは、一軸延伸されたポリ乳酸（ＰＬＡ）、さらにはＬ型ポリ乳酸（ＰＬＬＡ）によって形成されていることが好ましい。 The piezoelectric film 11P0 may be a film having piezoelectricity, but is preferably formed of uniaxially stretched polylactic acid (PLA), and further L-type polylactic acid (PLLA).
　ＰＬＬＡは、キラル高分子であり、主鎖が螺旋構造を有する。ＰＬＬＡは、一軸延伸され、分子が配向すると、圧電性を有する。そして、一軸延伸されたＰＬＬＡは、圧電フィルムの平膜面が押圧されることにより、電荷を発生する。この際、発生する電荷量は、押圧により平膜面が、当該平膜面に直交する方向へ変位する変位量によって一意的に決定される。一軸延伸されたＰＬＬＡの圧電定数は、高分子中で非常に高い部類に属する。 PLLA is a chiral polymer, and the main chain has a helical structure. PLLA is uniaxially stretched and has piezoelectricity when the molecules are oriented. The uniaxially stretched PLLA generates electric charges when the flat film surface of the piezoelectric film is pressed. At this time, the amount of charge generated is uniquely determined by the amount of displacement of the flat membrane surface in the direction orthogonal to the flat membrane surface by pressing. The piezoelectric constant of uniaxially stretched PLLA belongs to a very high class among polymers.
　したがって、ＰＬＬＡを用いることで、押圧による変位を確実且つ高感度に検出することができる。すなわち、押圧を確実に検出し、押圧量を高感度に検出することができる。 Therefore, by using PLLA, displacement due to pressing can be detected reliably and with high sensitivity. That is, it is possible to reliably detect the pressure and detect the amount of pressure with high sensitivity.
　なお、延伸倍率は３～８倍程度が好適である。延伸後に熱処理を施すことにより、ポリ乳酸の延びきり鎖結晶の結晶化が促進され圧電定数が向上する。なお、二軸延伸した場合はそれぞれの軸の延伸倍率を異ならせることによって一軸延伸と同様の効果を得ることが出来る。 The draw ratio is preferably about 3 to 8 times. By performing a heat treatment after stretching, crystallization of the extended chain crystal of polylactic acid is promoted and the piezoelectric constant is improved. In addition, when biaxial stretching is performed, the same effect as uniaxial stretching can be obtained by varying the stretching ratio of each axis.
　例えばある方向をＸ軸としてＸ軸方向に８倍、Ｘ軸に直交するＹ軸方向に２倍の延伸を施した場合、圧電定数に関してはおよそＸ軸方向に４倍の一軸延伸を施した場合とほぼ同等の効果が得られる。単純に一軸延伸したフィルムは延伸軸方向に沿って裂け易いため、前述したような二軸延伸を行うことにより幾分強度を増すことができる。 For example, when a certain direction is the X axis, the X axis direction is 8 times, and the Y axis direction orthogonal to the X axis is doubled, and the piezoelectric constant is about 4 times uniaxially stretched in the X axis direction. Is almost the same effect. A film that is simply uniaxially stretched easily tears along the direction of the stretch axis, and thus the strength can be increased somewhat by performing biaxial stretching as described above.
　また、ＰＬＬＡは、延伸等による分子の配向処理で圧電性を生じ、ＰＶＤＦ等の他のポリマーや圧電セラミックスのように、ポーリング処理を行う必要がない。すなわち、強誘電体に属さないＰＬＬＡの圧電性は、ＰＶＤＦやＰＺＴ等の強誘電体のようにイオンの分極によって発現するものではなく、分子の特徴的な構造である螺旋構造に由来するものである。 In addition, PLLA generates piezoelectricity by molecular orientation processing such as stretching, and there is no need to perform poling processing like other polymers such as PVDF and piezoelectric ceramics. That is, the piezoelectricity of PLLA that does not belong to ferroelectrics is not expressed by the polarization of ions like ferroelectrics such as PVDF and PZT, but is derived from a helical structure that is a characteristic structure of molecules. is there.
　このため、ＰＬＬＡには、他の強誘電性の圧電体で生じる焦電性が生じない。さらに、ＰＶＤＦ等は経時的に圧電定数の変動が見られ、場合によっては圧電定数が著しく低下する場合があるが、ＰＬＬＡの圧電定数は経時的に極めて安定している。したがって、周囲環境に影響されることなく、押圧による変位を高感度に検出することができる。 Therefore, the pyroelectricity generated in other ferroelectric piezoelectric materials does not occur in PLLA. Further, PVDF or the like shows a change in piezoelectric constant over time, and in some cases, the piezoelectric constant may be significantly reduced, but the piezoelectric constant of PLLA is extremely stable over time. Therefore, it is possible to detect displacement due to pressing with high sensitivity without being affected by the surrounding environment.
　このような一軸延伸処理された圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０は、図５に示すように、筐体９０の側面に沿った直交二方向に対して、一軸延伸方向９００が略４５°の角度を成すように、筐体９０に配置されることが好ましい。このような配置を行うことで、より高感度に変位を検出できる。したがって、押圧および押圧量をより高感度に検出することができる。 Such a uniaxially stretched piezoelectric film 11P0 is, as shown in FIG. 5, so that the uniaxial stretch direction 900 forms an angle of approximately 45 ° with respect to the two orthogonal directions along the side surface of the housing 90. It is preferable to arrange in the housing 90. By performing such an arrangement, the displacement can be detected with higher sensitivity. Therefore, it is possible to detect the pressing and the pressing amount with higher sensitivity.
　押圧検出電極１１Ｐ１，１１Ｐ３は、図２、図３、図４に示すように、ポリチオフェンやポリアニリンを主成分とする有機電極、ＩＴＯ、ＺｎＯ、銀ナノワイヤ、カーボンナノチューブ、グラフェン等の無機電極のいずれかを用いるのが好適である。これらの材料を用いることで、透光性の高い導体パターンを形成できる。 As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the pressure detection electrodes 11P1 and 11P3 are either organic electrodes mainly composed of polythiophene or polyaniline, or inorganic electrodes such as ITO, ZnO, silver nanowires, carbon nanotubes, and graphene. Is preferably used. By using these materials, a highly translucent conductor pattern can be formed.
　図１、図３、図４に示すように、筐体９０の内部におけるタッチパネル１０の他方の主面には、表示部３０が配置されている。表示部３０は、所謂フラットディスプレイからなり、ここでは、具体的に液晶表示素子からなる。表示部３０は例えば有機ＥＬディスプレイでも良い。 As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, a display unit 30 is disposed on the other main surface of the touch panel 10 inside the housing 90. The display unit 30 includes a so-called flat display, and specifically includes a liquid crystal display element. The display unit 30 may be an organic EL display, for example.
　表示部３０は、液晶パネル３０１、表面偏光板３０２、裏面偏光板３０３、バックライト３０４を備える。表面偏光板３０２と裏面偏光板３０３は、液晶パネル３０１を挟むように配置されている。バックライト３０４は、裏面偏光板３０３を挟んで、液晶パネル３０１と反対側に配置されている。 The display unit 30 includes a liquid crystal panel 301, a front polarizing plate 302, a back polarizing plate 303, and a backlight 304. The front polarizing plate 302 and the back polarizing plate 303 are arranged so as to sandwich the liquid crystal panel 301 therebetween. The backlight 304 is disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal panel 301 with the back polarizing plate 303 interposed therebetween.
　次に、図６に示すように、表示装置１００は、タッチパネル１０、制御部２０、記憶部２１、ＲＡＭ２２、表示部３０、無線ＬＡＮ通信部６０、３Ｇ通信部６１、及びバッテリ７０を備える。 Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the display device 100 includes a touch panel 10, a control unit 20, a storage unit 21, a RAM 22, a display unit 30, a wireless LAN communication unit 60, a 3G communication unit 61, and a battery 70.
　記憶部２１は、例えばフラッシュメモリで構成されている。記憶部２１は、表示装置１００の各部の制御方法が記述された制御プログラムを保存する。 The storage unit 21 is composed of, for example, a flash memory. The storage unit 21 stores a control program in which a control method for each unit of the display device 100 is described.
　制御部２０は、例えばＣＰＵで構成されている。また、制御部２０は、現在時刻や現在日を計時するタイマー回路を有している。制御部２０は、記憶部２１に保存されている制御プログラムに従って、表示装置１００の各部の動作を制御する。制御部２０は、当該制御プログラムで処理されるデータをＲＡＭ２２に展開する。 The control unit 20 is constituted by a CPU, for example. The control unit 20 also has a timer circuit that measures the current time and the current date. The control unit 20 controls the operation of each unit of the display device 100 according to the control program stored in the storage unit 21. The control unit 20 expands data processed by the control program in the RAM 22.
　タッチパネル１０は、押圧センサ１１Ｐ及び静電センサ１１Ｄを有する。 The touch panel 10 includes a pressure sensor 11P and an electrostatic sensor 11D.
　押圧センサ１１Ｐは、操作面１０１が押圧されると、押圧量（押圧力）に応じた信号レベルＤＳｐの押圧検出信号を生成する。押圧センサ１１Ｐは、押圧検出信号を制御部２０へ出力する。 When the operation surface 101 is pressed, the pressing sensor 11P generates a pressing detection signal having a signal level D Sp corresponding to the pressing amount (pressing force). The press sensor 11P outputs a press detection signal to the control unit 20.
　静電センサ１１Ｄは、静電容量センサであり、タッチパネル１０の各電極の検出容量の値を示す操作検出信号を生成する。操作検出信号の信号レベルＤＳｄは、ユーザの指が静電センサ１１Ｄに近接もしくは接触した際に生じる静電容量の変化量に依存している。静電センサ１１Ｄは、生成した操作検出信号を制御部２０へ出力する。 The electrostatic sensor 11 </ b> D is a capacitance sensor, and generates an operation detection signal indicating the value of the detection capacitance of each electrode of the touch panel 10. The signal level DSd of the operation detection signal depends on the amount of change in capacitance that occurs when the user's finger approaches or contacts the electrostatic sensor 11D. The electrostatic sensor 11 </ b> D outputs the generated operation detection signal to the control unit 20.
　制御部２０は、静電センサ１１Ｄから出力された操作検出信号の信号レベルＤＳｄが所定閾値よりも大きいことを検出すると、その操作検出信号から操作位置を取得する。 When the control unit 20 detects that the signal level DSd of the operation detection signal output from the electrostatic sensor 11D is larger than a predetermined threshold, the control unit 20 acquires the operation position from the operation detection signal.
　制御部２０は、押圧検出信号と操作検出信号とに基づいて、操作入力内容を決定する。この際、制御部２０は、記憶部２１を操作入力内容の判断処理用の記憶領域として用いる。制御部２０は、決定した操作入力内容に基づく画像データを生成し、表示部３０へ出力する。 The control unit 20 determines the operation input content based on the press detection signal and the operation detection signal. At this time, the control unit 20 uses the storage unit 21 as a storage area for operation input content determination processing. The control unit 20 generates image data based on the determined operation input content and outputs it to the display unit 30.
　表示部３０は、画像データに基づいて操作面１０１に画像を表示する。 The display unit 30 displays an image on the operation surface 101 based on the image data.
　無線ＬＡＮ通信部６０及び３Ｇ通信部６１は、不図示のアンテナを有している。無線ＬＡＮ通信部６０は、インターネットに接続された無線ＬＡＮルータを介してサーバ装置（不図示）と通信する。３Ｇ通信部６１は、携帯電話網に接続された基地局を介してサーバ装置（不図示）と通信する。 The wireless LAN communication unit 60 and the 3G communication unit 61 have an antenna (not shown). The wireless LAN communication unit 60 communicates with a server device (not shown) via a wireless LAN router connected to the Internet. The 3G communication unit 61 communicates with a server device (not shown) via a base station connected to the mobile phone network.
　バッテリ７０は、表示装置１００の各部に対してＤＣ動作電源の供給を行う。 The battery 70 supplies DC operating power to each part of the display device 100.
　次に、表示装置１００と、表示装置１００の第１比較例に係る表示装置１５１と、表示装置１００の第２比較例に係る表示装置１５２と、を比較する。 Next, the display device 100, the display device 151 according to the first comparative example of the display device 100, and the display device 152 according to the second comparative example of the display device 100 are compared.
　図７は、本発明の第１実施形態の第１比較例に係る表示装置１５１に備えられる押圧センサ５１Ｐの概略平面図である。図８は、本発明の第１実施形態の第２比較例に係る表示装置１５２に備えられる押圧センサ５２Ｐの概略平面図である。図９は、図２に示す押圧センサ１１Ｐの概略平面図である。 FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of a press sensor 51P provided in the display device 151 according to the first comparative example of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of a press sensor 52P provided in the display device 152 according to the second comparative example of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of the pressure sensor 11P shown in FIG.
　なお、図７～図９中の矢印は、図１に示す操作面１０１の中心Ｑが押圧され、各押圧センサ５１Ｐ、５２Ｐ、１１Ｐの中心Ｐが押圧されたときに、各押圧センサ５１Ｐ、５２Ｐ、１１Ｐで発生する電荷の大きさを示している。図８、図９中の点線矢印は、図７に示す押圧センサ５１Ｐで発生する電荷の大きさを示している。図８、図９中の点線矢印は、図８、図９中の矢印重ならないよう、図７に示す矢印と異なる位置に配置している。 The arrows in FIGS. 7 to 9 indicate that when the center Q of the operation surface 101 shown in FIG. 1 is pressed and the centers P of the press sensors 51P, 52P, and 11P are pressed, the press sensors 51P and 52P. , 11P shows the magnitude of the charge generated at 11P. The dotted line arrows in FIGS. 8 and 9 indicate the magnitude of electric charge generated by the press sensor 51P shown in FIG. The dotted arrows in FIGS. 8 and 9 are arranged at positions different from the arrows shown in FIG. 7 so as not to overlap with the arrows in FIGS.
　表示装置１５１が表示装置１００と相違する点は、押圧センサ５１Ｐである。押圧センサ５１Ｐが押圧センサ１１Ｐと相違する点は、２つの長辺９５Ａ、９５Ｂが、２つの短辺９６Ａ、９６Ｂと同じ弾性率で操作板１１０に固定されている点である。その他の構成に関しては同じであるため説明を省略する。 The point that the display device 151 is different from the display device 100 is a press sensor 51P. The difference between the pressure sensor 51P and the pressure sensor 11P is that the two long sides 95A and 95B are fixed to the operation plate 110 with the same elastic modulus as the two short sides 96A and 96B. Since other configurations are the same, description thereof is omitted.
　表示装置１５２が表示装置１００と相違する点は、押圧センサ５２Ｐである。押圧センサ５２Ｐが押圧センサ１１Ｐと相違する点は、２つの短辺９６Ａ、９６Ｂが、２つの長辺９５Ａ、９５Ｂより高い弾性率で操作板１１０に固定されている点である。その他の構成に関しては同じであるため説明を省略する。 The point that the display device 152 is different from the display device 100 is a press sensor 52P. The difference between the pressure sensor 52P and the pressure sensor 11P is that the two short sides 96A and 96B are fixed to the operation plate 110 with a higher elastic modulus than the two long sides 95A and 95B. Since other configurations are the same, description thereof is omitted.
　なお、表示装置１００の押圧センサ１１Ｐでは前述したように、２つの長辺９５Ａ、９５Ｂが、２つの短辺９６Ａ、９６Ｂより高い弾性率で操作板１１０に固定されている。 In the press sensor 11P of the display device 100, as described above, the two long sides 95A and 95B are fixed to the operation plate 110 with a higher elastic modulus than the two short sides 96A and 96B.
　ここで、表示装置１５１では、図７に示すように、４辺が同じ硬さで固定されている。そのため、図１に示す操作面１０１の中心Ｑが押圧されたときに生じる力の成分は、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の中央部と端部で異なる。圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の中央部において、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の伸びる方向が９０度異なっているため、極性が異なる電荷が発生する。圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の端部においても、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の伸びる方向が９０度異なっているため、極性が異なる電荷が発生する。中央部と縁部とでは発生電荷の大きさが異なる。 Here, in the display device 151, as shown in FIG. 7, the four sides are fixed with the same hardness. Therefore, the component of the force generated when the center Q of the operation surface 101 shown in FIG. 1 is pressed differs between the central portion and the end portion of the piezoelectric film 11P0. In the central portion of the piezoelectric film 11P0, since the extending direction of the piezoelectric film 11P0 is different by 90 degrees, charges having different polarities are generated. Even at the end of the piezoelectric film 11P0, the extending direction of the piezoelectric film 11P0 is different by 90 degrees, so that charges having different polarities are generated. The magnitude of the generated charge differs between the central portion and the edge portion.
　次に、表示装置１５２では、図８に示すように、２つの短辺９６Ａ、９６Ｂが、２つの長辺９５Ａ、９５Ｂより高い弾性率で操作板１１０に固定されている。そのため、図１に示す操作面１０１の中心Ｑが押圧されたとき、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０は長手方向に伸びやすくなる。よって、押圧センサ５２Ｐの中央部では、押圧センサ５２Ｐの長手方向の伸びによって生じる電荷が、押圧センサ５２Ｐの短手方向の伸びによって生じる電荷を打ち消してしまう（±０参照）。一方、押圧センサ５２Ｐの端部では、押圧センサ５２Ｐの長手方向の伸びによって生じる電荷（実線矢印参照）が、押圧センサ５１Ｐの長手方向の伸びによって生じる電荷（点線矢印参照）より増加する。 Next, in the display device 152, as shown in FIG. 8, the two short sides 96A and 96B are fixed to the operation plate 110 with a higher elastic modulus than the two long sides 95A and 95B. Therefore, when the center Q of the operation surface 101 shown in FIG. 1 is pressed, the piezoelectric film 11P0 is easily stretched in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, in the central portion of the press sensor 52P, the charge generated by the longitudinal extension of the press sensor 52P cancels the charge generated by the lateral extension of the press sensor 52P (see ± 0). On the other hand, at the end of the press sensor 52P, the electric charge (see solid line arrow) generated by the longitudinal extension of the press sensor 52P increases from the electric charge (see dotted arrow) generated by the longitudinal extension of the press sensor 51P.
　次に、表示装置１００では、図９に示すように、２つの長辺９５Ａ、９５Ｂが、２つの短辺９６Ａ、９６Ｂより高い弾性率で操作板１１０に固定されている。そのため、図１に示す操作面１０１の中心Ｑが押圧されたとき、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０は短手方向に伸びやすくなる。よって、押圧センサ１１Ｐの中央部では、押圧センサ１１Ｐの短手方向の伸びによって生じる電荷（実線矢印参照）が、押圧センサ５１Ｐの短手方向の伸びによって生じる電荷（点線矢印参照）より増加する。したがって、押圧センサ１１Ｐ及び表示装置１００は、検出感度を向上できる。 Next, in the display device 100, as shown in FIG. 9, the two long sides 95A and 95B are fixed to the operation plate 110 with a higher elastic modulus than the two short sides 96A and 96B. Therefore, when the center Q of the operation surface 101 shown in FIG. 1 is pressed, the piezoelectric film 11P0 tends to extend in the short direction. Therefore, in the central portion of the press sensor 11P, the electric charge (see solid line arrow) generated by the short direction of the press sensor 11P increases from the electric charge (see dotted line arrow) generated by the short direction of the press sensor 51P. Therefore, the pressure sensor 11P and the display device 100 can improve detection sensitivity.
　なお、押圧センサ１１Ｐの端部では、押圧センサ１１Ｐの短手方向の伸びによって生じる電荷が、押圧センサ１１Ｐの長手方向の伸びによって生じる電荷を打ち消してしまう（±０参照）。 It should be noted that at the end of the pressure sensor 11P, the charge generated by the short extension of the press sensor 11P cancels the charge generated by the long extension of the press sensor 11P (see ± 0).
　図１０は、図７に示す第１比較例に係る表示装置１５１に備えられる押圧センサ５１Ｐで発生する電圧分布を示す概念図である。図１１は、図９に示す押圧センサ１１Ｐで発生する電圧分布を示す概念図である。なお、図１０、図１１では、図１に示す操作面１０１の中心Ｑが押圧され、押圧センサ１１Ｐの中心Ｐが押圧されたとき、押圧センサ１１Ｐの圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の歪みにより発生した電圧（電荷）の極性（符号「＋」と「－」）が異なる領域を白無地部と斜線部とで表現している。ここでは、白無地部に対して電圧の極性が異なる領域を「電圧極性の反転領域８０」と呼び、斜線部で図示している。 FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing a voltage distribution generated in the press sensor 51P provided in the display device 151 according to the first comparative example shown in FIG. FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing a voltage distribution generated in the press sensor 11P shown in FIG. 10 and 11, when the center Q of the operation surface 101 shown in FIG. 1 is pressed and the center P of the press sensor 11P is pressed, the voltage (charge) generated by the distortion of the piezoelectric film 11P0 of the press sensor 11P. ) In which the polarities (symbols “+” and “−”) are different are represented by a white plain portion and a shaded portion. Here, a region where the polarity of the voltage is different from that of the white plain region is referred to as a “voltage polarity inversion region 80” and is indicated by a hatched portion.
　なお、上記の通り、表示装置１００は、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の歪みにより押圧検出電極１１Ｐ１及び押圧検出電極１１Ｐ３間で発生した電圧（電荷）を検出する。これにより、表示装置１００は、ユーザが操作面１０１を押圧操作した際の押圧力情報を検出する。しかし、この検出方法は、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の歪み量に応じて発生した電圧（電荷）を全て合計して検出するものである。そのため、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０に電圧極性の反転領域８０が存在すると、発生した電圧（電荷）が相殺されてしまう。そのため、検出感度が低下し、表示装置１００は押圧力情報を正確に検出できない。したがって、検出感度の低下を防ぐためには、電圧極性の反転領域８０が形成される面積を小さくすることが好ましい。 As described above, the display device 100 detects the voltage (charge) generated between the pressure detection electrode 11P1 and the pressure detection electrode 11P3 due to the distortion of the piezoelectric film 11P0. Thereby, the display apparatus 100 detects pressing force information when the user presses the operation surface 101. However, this detection method detects all the voltages (charges) generated according to the distortion amount of the piezoelectric film 11P0. Therefore, if the voltage polarity inversion region 80 exists in the piezoelectric film 11P0, the generated voltage (charge) is canceled out. Therefore, the detection sensitivity is lowered, and the display device 100 cannot accurately detect the pressing force information. Therefore, in order to prevent a decrease in detection sensitivity, it is preferable to reduce the area where the voltage polarity inversion region 80 is formed.
　表示装置１５１では、ユーザが操作面１０１の中心Ｐを押圧操作した際、図１０に示すように、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０が長手方向および短手方向に伸張する（図７参照）。そのため、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の２つの長辺９５Ａ、９５Ｂの中心から端部に沿って電圧極性の反転領域８０が大きく形成される。 In the display device 151, when the user presses the center P of the operation surface 101, the piezoelectric film 11P0 extends in the longitudinal direction and the short direction as shown in FIG. 10 (see FIG. 7). Therefore, the voltage polarity reversal region 80 is greatly formed along the end portion from the center of the two long sides 95A and 95B of the piezoelectric film 11P0.
　これに対して、表示装置１００では、ユーザが操作面１０１の中心Ｐを押圧操作した際、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０が主に短手方向に伸張する（図９参照）。そのため、図１１に示すように、ユーザが操作面１０１の中心Ｐを押圧操作した際に発生する電圧の極性は、略一種類となる。 On the other hand, in the display device 100, when the user presses the center P of the operation surface 101, the piezoelectric film 11P0 mainly extends in the short direction (see FIG. 9). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, the polarity of the voltage generated when the user presses the center P of the operation surface 101 is substantially one type.
　よって、ユーザが表示装置１００の操作面１０１の中心Ｑを押圧操作した際に形成される電圧極性の反転領域８０の面積は、ユーザが表示装置１５１の操作面１０１の中心Ｑを押圧操作した際に形成される電圧極性の反転領域８０の面積と比べて極めて小さい。したがって、押圧センサ１１Ｐ及び表示装置１００は、検出感度を向上できる。 Therefore, the area of the voltage polarity inversion region 80 formed when the user presses the center Q of the operation surface 101 of the display device 100 is the same as that when the user presses the center Q of the operation surface 101 of the display device 151. Compared to the area of the voltage polarity reversal region 80 formed at, the area is extremely small. Therefore, the pressure sensor 11P and the display device 100 can improve detection sensitivity.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
　図１２は、図１に示す操作板１１０の平面透視図である。図１３は、図７に示す第１比較例に係る表示装置１５１に備えられる操作板１１０の平面透視図である。図１４は、図１２に示す各押圧点（１Ａ，１Ｂ，１Ｃ，２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃ）が１（Ｎ）の力で押圧されたときに発生する電荷量を示す図である。表１は、図１２に示す各押圧点（１Ａ，１Ｂ，１Ｃ，２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃ）が１（Ｎ）の力で押圧されたときに発生する電荷量を示している。図１５は、図１３に示す各押圧点（１Ａ，１Ｂ，１Ｃ，２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃ）が１（Ｎ）の力で押圧されたときに発生する電荷量を示す図である。表２は、図１３に示す各押圧点（１Ａ，１Ｂ，１Ｃ，２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃ）が１（Ｎ）の力で押圧されたときに発生する電荷量を示している。 FIG. 12 is a plan perspective view of the operation plate 110 shown in FIG. FIG. 13 is a plan perspective view of the operation panel 110 provided in the display device 151 according to the first comparative example shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the amount of charge generated when each pressing point (1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C) shown in FIG. 12 is pressed with a force of 1 (N). It is. Table 1 shows the amount of charge generated when each pressing point (1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C) shown in FIG. 12 is pressed with a force of 1 (N). Yes. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the amount of charge generated when each pressing point (1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C) shown in FIG. 13 is pressed with a force of 1 (N). It is. Table 2 shows the amount of charge generated when each pressing point (1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C) shown in FIG. 13 is pressed with a force of 1 (N). Yes.
　なお、表１、表２、図１４、図１５では、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の材料がＰＬＬＡである条件で、電荷量が測定された。 In Tables 1, 2, 14 and 15, the charge amount was measured under the condition that the material of the piezoelectric film 11P0 was PLLA.
　実験より、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の２つの長辺９５Ａ、９５Ｂが接着剤９１を介して操作板１１０の裏面１０２に固定されることで、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０からの出力は、図１４、図１５に示すように、約２～４倍に増加することが明らかとなった。増加率は場所により異なるが、周辺部ほど増加率が高いことが明らかとなった。 From the experiment, the two long sides 95A and 95B of the piezoelectric film 11P0 are fixed to the back surface 102 of the operation plate 110 via the adhesive 91, so that the output from the piezoelectric film 11P0 is as shown in FIGS. In addition, it was revealed that the increase was about 2 to 4 times. Although the rate of increase varies depending on the location, it has become clear that the rate of increase is higher in the peripheral area.
　したがって、押圧センサ１１Ｐ及び表示装置１００は、検出感度を向上できる。 Therefore, the pressure sensor 11P and the display device 100 can improve detection sensitivity.
　《第２の実施形態》
　図１６は、本発明の第２実施形態に係る表示装置２００の断面図である。表示装置２００が表示装置１００と相違する点は、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の固定方法である。その他の構成に関しては同じである。押圧センサ２１１Ｐは、押圧検出電極１１Ｐ１と、絶縁性基板２１１Ｐ２と、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０と、押圧検出電極１１Ｐ３と、絶縁性基板２１１Ｐ４とを有する。 << Second Embodiment >>
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a display device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The display device 200 is different from the display device 100 in the method for fixing the piezoelectric film 11P0. Other configurations are the same. The pressure sensor 211P includes a pressure detection electrode 11P1, an insulating substrate 211P2, a piezoelectric film 11P0, a pressure detection electrode 11P3, and an insulating substrate 211P4.
　絶縁性基板２１１Ｐ２の面積は絶縁性基板１１Ｐ２の面積より広い。その他の構成に関しては同じである。絶縁性基板２１１Ｐ４の面積は絶縁性基板１１Ｐ４の面積より広い。その他の構成に関しては同じである。 The area of the insulating substrate 211P2 is larger than the area of the insulating substrate 11P2. Other configurations are the same. The area of the insulating substrate 211P4 is larger than the area of the insulating substrate 11P4. Other configurations are the same.
　２つの長辺９５Ａ、９５Ｂは、絶縁性基板２１１Ｐ２及び接着剤９１を介して操作板１１０の裏面１０２に固定されている。なお、絶縁性基板２１１Ｐ２が本発明の基板の一例に相当する。 The two long sides 95A and 95B are fixed to the back surface 102 of the operation plate 110 via the insulating substrate 211P2 and the adhesive 91. The insulating substrate 211P2 corresponds to an example of the substrate of the present invention.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000003
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000003
　図１７は、図１６に示す操作板１１０の平面透視図である。図１８は、図１７に示す各押圧点（１Ａ，１Ｂ，１Ｃ，２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃ）が１（Ｎ）の力で押圧されたときに発生する電荷量を示す図である。表３は、図１７に示す各押圧点（１Ａ，１Ｂ，１Ｃ，２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃ）が１（Ｎ）の力で押圧されたときに発生する電荷量を示している。 FIG. 17 is a plan perspective view of the operation plate 110 shown in FIG. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the amount of charge generated when each pressing point (1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C) shown in FIG. 17 is pressed with a force of 1 (N). It is. Table 3 shows the amount of charge generated when each pressing point (1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C) shown in FIG. 17 is pressed with a force of 1 (N). Yes.
　なお、表３、図１８では、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の材料がＰＬＬＡである条件で、電荷量が測定された。 In Table 3 and FIG. 18, the charge amount was measured under the condition that the material of the piezoelectric film 11P0 was PLLA.
　実験より、図１４、図１５、図１８に示すように、絶縁性基板２１１Ｐ２（押圧センサ２１１Ｐ）が操作板１１０の裏面１０２に固定されている表示装置２００は、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０だけが操作板１１０の裏面１０２に固定されている表示装置１００と同じくらい検出感度を改善できることが明らかとなった。 From the experiment, as shown in FIGS. 14, 15, and 18, in the display device 200 in which the insulating substrate 211P2 (press sensor 211P) is fixed to the back surface 102 of the operation plate 110, only the piezoelectric film 11P0 has the operation plate 110. It was revealed that the detection sensitivity can be improved as much as the display device 100 fixed to the back surface 102 of the display.
　したがって、押圧センサ２１１Ｐ及び表示装置２００は、検出感度を向上できる。 Therefore, the pressure sensor 211P and the display device 200 can improve detection sensitivity.
　《第３の実施形態》
　図１９は、本発明の第３実施形態に係る表示装置３００に備えられる圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の平面図である。表示装置３００が表示装置１００と相違する点は、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の固定方法である。その他の構成に関しては同じである。 << Third Embodiment >>
FIG. 19 is a plan view of the piezoelectric film 11P0 provided in the display device 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The display device 300 is different from the display device 100 in the method of fixing the piezoelectric film 11P0. Other configurations are the same.
　長辺９５Ａは、複数の接着剤９１を介して操作板１１０の裏面１０２に固定されている。長辺９５Ｂは、複数の接着剤９１を介して操作板１１０の裏面１０２に固定されている。 The long side 95 </ b> A is fixed to the back surface 102 of the operation plate 110 via a plurality of adhesives 91. The long side 95B is fixed to the back surface 102 of the operation plate 110 via a plurality of adhesives 91.
　《第４の実施形態》
　図２０は、本発明の第４実施形態に係る表示装置４００に備えられる圧電フィルム４１１Ｐ０の平面図である。圧電フィルム４１１Ｐ０が圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０と相違する点は、圧電フィルム４１１Ｐ０の形状である。その他の構成に関しては同じである。 << Fourth Embodiment >>
FIG. 20 is a plan view of the piezoelectric film 411P0 provided in the display device 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The piezoelectric film 411P0 is different from the piezoelectric film 11P0 in the shape of the piezoelectric film 411P0. Other configurations are the same.
　圧電フィルム４１１Ｐ０は、接着剤９１が接着する複数の接着領域４９５Ａ～４９５Ｄを有する。複数の接着領域４９５Ａ～４９５Ｄは図３に示すように、絶縁性基板１１Ｄ２、絶縁性基板１１Ｄ４、絶縁性基板１１Ｐ２、及び絶縁性基板１１Ｐ４から突出している。 The piezoelectric film 411P0 has a plurality of adhesion regions 495A to 495D to which the adhesive 91 is adhered. As shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of adhesion regions 495A to 495D protrude from the insulating substrate 11D2, the insulating substrate 11D4, the insulating substrate 11P2, and the insulating substrate 11P4.
　《他の実施形態》
　なお、前記実施形態では、圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０の平面形状は長方形状であるが、これに限るものではない。実施の際、圧電フィルムの平面形状は、正方形状、円形状、台形状、平行四辺形状、四角形以上の多角形状、楕円形状、長円形状等、他の平面形状であってもよい。固定方法については前述したいずれであってもよい。 << Other embodiments >>
In addition, in the said embodiment, although the planar shape of the piezoelectric film 11P0 is a rectangular shape, it is not restricted to this. In implementation, the planar shape of the piezoelectric film may be other planar shapes such as a square shape, a circular shape, a trapezoidal shape, a parallelogram shape, a polygonal shape of quadrilateral or more, an elliptical shape, an oval shape, or the like. Any of the fixing methods described above may be used.
　例えば、圧電フィルムの平面形状が正方形状であっても、２つの第１の辺を、２つの第２の辺より高い弾性率で操作板に固定することにより、圧電フィルムを略一方向のみに伸張させることができ、電圧極性の反転領域の形成が抑制される。このため、圧電フィルムの平面形状が正方形状であっても、検出感度が向上できる。圧電フィルムの平面形状が円形状である場合、円周上の任意の4点のうち２点を結ぶ弧あるいは弦を第1の辺、他の２点を結ぶ弧あるいは弦を第２の辺としてもよい。 For example, even when the planar shape of the piezoelectric film is square, the two first sides are fixed to the operation plate with a higher elastic modulus than the two second sides, so that the piezoelectric film is only in one direction. It can be extended and the formation of the voltage polarity inversion region is suppressed. For this reason, even if the planar shape of the piezoelectric film is square, the detection sensitivity can be improved. If the planar shape of the piezoelectric film is circular, an arc or string connecting two points out of any four points on the circumference is the first side, and an arc or string connecting the other two points is the second side. Also good.
　また、例えば、押圧センサ１１Ｐは表示部３０の裏面側に設けられていても良い。この場合、２つの第１の辺は表示部３０に対して、２つの第２の辺より高い弾性率で固定される。 For example, the press sensor 11P may be provided on the back side of the display unit 30. In this case, the two first sides are fixed to the display unit 30 with a higher elastic modulus than the two second sides.
　また、前記実施形態において、伸縮フィルムの一例として圧電フィルム１１Ｐ０を用いているが、これに限るものではない。実施の際、伸縮フィルムは例えば、電歪フィルム、エレクトレットフィルム、圧電セラミック、圧電粒子を高分子に分散させたコンポジットフィルム、または電気活性高分子フィルム等で構成することもできる。 In the embodiment, the piezoelectric film 11P0 is used as an example of the stretchable film, but the present invention is not limited to this. In implementation, the stretchable film can be composed of, for example, an electrostrictive film, an electret film, a piezoelectric ceramic, a composite film in which piezoelectric particles are dispersed in a polymer, or an electroactive polymer film.
　ここで、電気活性高分子フィルムとは、電気的駆動によって応力を発生するフィルム、または電気的駆動によって変形して変位を発生するフィルムである。具体的には、電歪フィルム、コンポジット材料（圧電セラミックスを樹脂モールドした材料）、電気駆動型エラストマー、または液晶エラストマー等がある。 Here, the electroactive polymer film is a film that generates stress by electrical driving, or a film that deforms and generates displacement by electrical driving. Specifically, there are an electrostrictive film, a composite material (a material obtained by resin-molding piezoelectric ceramics), an electrically driven elastomer, or a liquid crystal elastomer.
　最後に、前記各実施形態の説明は、すべての点で例示であって、制限的なものではないと考えられるべきである。本発明の範囲は、上述の実施形態ではなく、特許請求の範囲によって示される。さらに、本発明の範囲は、特許請求の範囲と均等の範囲とを含む。 Finally, the description of each of the embodiments should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above embodiments but by the claims. Furthermore, the scope of the present invention includes the scope of claims and the equivalent scope.
Ｌ１、Ｌ２、Ｌ３、Ｌ４…配線
１０…タッチパネル
１１Ｄ…静電センサ
１１Ｄ１，１１Ｄ３…静電容量検出用電極
１１Ｄ２、１１Ｄ４…絶縁性基板
１１Ｐ…押圧センサ
１１Ｐ０…圧電フィルム
１１Ｐ１，１１Ｐ３…押圧検出電極
１１Ｐ２、１１Ｐ４…絶縁性基板
２０…制御部
２１…記憶部
２２…ＲＡＭ
３０…表示部
５１Ｐ…押圧センサ
５２…制御回路モジュール
５２Ｐ…押圧センサ
６０…ＬＡＮ通信部
６１…通信部
７０…バッテリ
８０…反転領域
９０…筐体
９１…接着剤
９５Ａ、９５Ｂ…長辺
９６Ａ、９６Ｂ…短辺
１００…表示装置
１０１…操作面
１０２…裏面
１１０…操作板
１５１…表示装置
１５２…表示装置
２００…表示装置
２１１Ｐ…押圧センサ
２１１Ｐ２、２１１Ｐ４…絶縁性基板
３００…表示装置
３０１…液晶パネル
３０２…表面偏光板
３０３…裏面偏光板
３０４…バックライト
４００…表示装置
４１１Ｐ０…圧電フィルム
４９５Ａ…接着領域
９００…一軸延伸方向 L1, L2, L3, L4 ... wiring 10 ... touch panel 11D ... electrostatic sensors 11D1, 11D3 ... capacitance detection electrodes 11D2, 11D4 ... insulating substrate 11P ... pressure sensor 11P0 ... piezoelectric films 11P1, 11P3 ... pressure detection electrode 11P2 , 11P4 ... insulating substrate 20 ... control unit 21 ... storage unit 22 ... RAM
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 30 ... Display part 51P ... Press sensor 52 ... Control circuit module 52P ... Press sensor 60 ... LAN communication part 61 ... Communication part 70 ... Battery 80 ... Inversion area 90 ... Case 91 ... Adhesive 95A, 95B ... Long side 96A, 96B ... Short side 100 ... Display device 101 ... Operation surface 102 ... Back surface 110 ... Operation plate 151 ... Display device 152 ... Display device 200 ... Display device 211P ... Pressure sensors 211P2, 211P4 ... Insulating substrate 300 ... Display device 301 ... Liquid crystal panel 302 ... Front polarizing plate 303 ... Back polarizing plate 304 ... Backlight 400 ... Display device 411P0 ... Piezoelectric film 495A ... Adhesion region 900 ... Uniaxial stretching direction

Claims (6)

  1. 　操作面を有する操作板と、
    　第１主面と前記第１主面に対向する第２主面とを有し、前記第１主面の方向に伸縮する伸縮フィルムと、
    　前記第１主面に対向する第１電極と、
    　前記第２主面に対向する第２電極と、を備え、
    　前記伸縮フィルムは、正面視して、互いに対向する２つの第１の辺と互いに対向する２つの第２の辺とを有し、
    　前記２つの第１の辺は、前記２つの第２の辺より高い弾性率で前記操作板に固定されている、押圧センサ。     An operation plate having an operation surface;
    An elastic film having a first main surface and a second main surface facing the first main surface, and extending and contracting in the direction of the first main surface;
    A first electrode facing the first main surface;
    A second electrode facing the second main surface,
    The stretchable film has two first sides facing each other and two second sides facing each other in front view,
    The two first sides are pressure sensors that are fixed to the operation plate with a higher elastic modulus than the two second sides.
  2. 　前記伸縮フィルムの平面形状は、長方形であり、
    　前記２つの第１の辺は、長辺であり、
    　前記２つの第２の辺は、短辺である、請求項１に記載の押圧センサ。     The planar shape of the stretchable film is a rectangle,
    The two first sides are long sides,
    The pressure sensor according to claim 1, wherein the two second sides are short sides.
  3. 　前記２つの第１の辺は、接着剤を介して前記操作板に固定されている、請求項１又は２に記載の押圧センサ。 The pressure sensor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the two first sides are fixed to the operation plate via an adhesive.
  4. 　前記２つの第１の辺は、熱または紫外線によって硬化する粘着剤を介して前記操作板に固定されている、請求項１又は２に記載の押圧センサ。 The pressure sensor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the two first sides are fixed to the operation plate via an adhesive that is cured by heat or ultraviolet rays.
  5. 　前記第１電極が設けられた基板を備え、
    　前記２つの第１の辺は、前記基板および接着剤を介して前記操作板に固定されている、
    請求項１又は２に記載の押圧センサ。     A substrate provided with the first electrode;
    The two first sides are fixed to the operation plate via the substrate and an adhesive.
    The pressure sensor according to claim 1 or 2.
  6. 　請求項１から５のいずれかに記載され、前記操作面に対する押圧を検出する押圧センサと、
    　前記操作面に対するタッチ位置を検出する位置センサと、を備える、入力装置。     A pressure sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pressure sensor detects pressure on the operation surface;
    An input device comprising: a position sensor that detects a touch position on the operation surface.
PCT/JP2016/068340 2015-06-24 2016-06-21 Pressing-force sensor, and input device WO2016208560A1 (en)

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