WO2016202373A1 - Dispositif capteur et procédé pour applications sismiques de trou de forage - Google Patents

Dispositif capteur et procédé pour applications sismiques de trou de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016202373A1
WO2016202373A1 PCT/EP2015/063521 EP2015063521W WO2016202373A1 WO 2016202373 A1 WO2016202373 A1 WO 2016202373A1 EP 2015063521 W EP2015063521 W EP 2015063521W WO 2016202373 A1 WO2016202373 A1 WO 2016202373A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seismic
connection point
module
cable
signals
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/063521
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jakob B.U. Haldorsen
Original Assignee
Read As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Read As filed Critical Read As
Priority to GB1800494.5A priority Critical patent/GB2555994A/en
Priority to US15/737,330 priority patent/US20180136354A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2015/063521 priority patent/WO2016202373A1/fr
Publication of WO2016202373A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016202373A1/fr
Priority to NO20180061A priority patent/NO20180061A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
    • G01V11/002—Details, e.g. power supply systems for logging instruments, transmitting or recording data, specially adapted for well logging, also if the prospecting method is irrelevant
    • G01V11/005—Devices for positioning logging sondes with respect to the borehole wall
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
    • G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
    • G01V1/181—Geophones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/22—Transmitting seismic signals to recording or processing apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/22—Transmitting seismic signals to recording or processing apparatus
    • G01V1/226—Optoseismic systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
    • G01V1/42—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging using generators in one well and receivers elsewhere or vice versa
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
    • G01V1/52—Structural details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
    • G01V11/002—Details, e.g. power supply systems for logging instruments, transmitting or recording data, specially adapted for well logging, also if the prospecting method is irrelevant
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
    • G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
    • G01V2210/16—Survey configurations
    • G01V2210/161—Vertical seismic profiling [VSP]

Definitions

  • AnySeisTM is an example of a system designed for building inexpensive systems for recording acoustic signals transmitted through the ground. It uses a sensor house with electrical geophones for measuring signals and each receiver unit is provided with a digitizer and a communication module for communicating digital signal to a central recording unit. The communication and the operating power both come through a standard electrical dual-conductor electric power cord. The geophone is connected to the electric cord through two vampire-tap pins penetrating the cable insulation making electrical connection between the cable and the senor unit.
  • the AnySeisTM system is not suited for downhole applications having harsh conditions with high pressures and temperatures.
  • the present invention suggests a solution where seismic signals are wirelessly transferred from a sensor house to a communication line in an elongated cable.
  • Wireless transferring of signals is well known in the field, and can be performed by for instance radio signals or induction such as near field communication (NFC).
  • NFC near field communication
  • the seismic profiling device comprises an elongated cable placed in a borehole.
  • Conductors for transporting power and at least one communication line are provided in the cable.
  • This connection point comprises wireless power and communication providing means which are connected to the conductors and the communication line in the elongated cable.
  • At least one sealed seismic module comprising a geophone and electronics for detecting and transferring seismic signals, is fixed to the at least one connection point.
  • the same inductive or capacitive modules can be used for both communicating digital seismic signals at high frequencies and power at significantly lower frequencies.
  • the diversity of the frequencies also allows the digitized signal and the electric power to be transmitted on the same electrical conductors, possibly reducing the minimum number of electrical conductors in the cable from three to two.
  • any number of sensors can be placed at any location while interacting with the communication line in the cable. This flexibility is possible due to self-supported seismic modules, wireless power supply to the modules and wireless transfer of seismic signals from the modules at any connection point along the cable.
  • Prior art seismic cables are provided with a fixed number of seismic sensors placed at fixed locations along a cable.
  • the device according to the invention can further be expanded to a hybrid VSP system by including an optical fibre and thereby combining near-continuous single- component DAS sensors measuring strain along the axis of fibres with three- component, sparsely-distributed three-component electric acoustic sensors fixed to selected connection points along the cable for providing information about the direction of propagation for components of the propagating acoustic wave field.
  • the large-aperture image that can be derived from the DAS sensors is fully adequate when the formation includes only a limited dip range. For a full dip-range formation, the sparsely distributed three-component electric sensors will provide information about the azimuth direction of reflected acousto-elastic wave front, and therefore constrain the image of the formation derived from the acoustic
  • the device and method for performing seismic profiling according to the invention is both flexible and cost effective.
  • the device can be adapted for a specific survey and can be reused from one survey with one set sensor geometry to another survey with different sensor geometry.
  • the seismic device is further water tight and leakage free and provides a flexible solution for temporary or permanent
  • the present invention is defined by a seismic device for performing vertical seismic profiling in a borehole.
  • the device comprises an elongated cable with conductors for carrying power and at least one communication line for carrying signals.
  • the device is characterized in further comprising at least one connection point placed along the elongated cable, where the connection point comprises power providing means and communication means that are connected to said conductors and communication line in the elongated cable.
  • the device further comprises at least one sealed seismic module fixed to the at least one connection point, the seismic module comprises a geophone, electronics for detecting and transferring seismic signals, power receiving means for wirelessly receiving power from the connection point and means for wirelessly transmitting seismic signals to the communication line via the communication means comprised in the connection point.
  • the invention further comprises a method for performing vertical seismic profiling in a borehole.
  • the method is defined in the claims.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the components comprised in the elongated cable for seismic profiling
  • Figure 2 illustrates the components comprised in one connection point along the elongated cable
  • FIG 3 illustrates components comprised in a sealed seismic module.
  • Figure 1 shows an illustration of one embodiment of the invention.
  • the figure shows the seismic device 10 for performing vertical seismic profiling (VSP) in a borehole.
  • the device comprises several components.
  • One component is an elongated cable 20 with conductors 30 for carrying power and at least one communication line 40 for carrying signals.
  • This cable 20 there are provided at least one connection point 50.
  • the figure illustrates a seismic device 10 with three connection points. In other embodiments the seismic device 10 may be provided with less or more than three connection points 50.
  • the elongated cable 20 comprises only one connection point 50. In a preferred embodiment however, the elongated cable 20 comprises two or more connection points 50 placed at regular distances or intervals along the cable 20.
  • the intervals can be any interval.
  • the distance between each connection point 50 is set to 3.75 meters along the cable 20. It is found that this distance between each connection point 50 provides flexibility with regards to use of same seismic device 10 for different types of seismic surveying.
  • the seismic device 10 further comprises at least one sealed seismic module 70 fixed to the at least one connection point 50.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a sealed seismic module 70 and its components comprising at least a geophone 75 and electronics 80 for detecting and transferring seismic signals.
  • a geophone 75 In order to receive power it is also equipped with power receiving means 85 for wirelessly receiving power from the connection point 50.
  • Analogue seismic signals from the geophone 75 are converted to digital signals in an A/D converter prior to being transmitted to the connection point 50.
  • the electronics 80 for transferring signals further comprises wireless transmission means for wirelessly transferring seismic signals to the communication line 40 in the elongated cable 20. This is enabled by the communication the means 65 comprised in the connection point 50.
  • the communication line 40 can be a dual conductor cable, either twisted-pair- or coaxial cable.
  • the seismic module 70 may be equipped with a battery for backup purposes. This may be a rechargeable battery receiving power and being charged from the connection point 50. A battery included in the seismic module 70 will ensure that the seismic module 70 will function and produce seismic data event if power supply via the connection point 50 fails.
  • the power providing means 60 comprised in the connection point 50 is preferably transferring power wirelessly. This is possible by including inductive means in the connection point 50 as well as in the seismic module 70. It is well known that power can be transferred wirelessly from one device to another by using coils in each device to be connected, and where electromagnetic field is used for transferring energy wirelessly.
  • the communication means 65 for transferring signals between the seismic module 70 and the connection point 50 is inductive or capacitive communication modules comprised in the seismic module 70 as well as in the connection point 50. It may also be a combination of inductive or capacitive communication modules.
  • the same inductive or capacitive modules can be used for both communicating digital seismic signals at high frequencies and power at significantly lower frequencies.
  • the diversity of the frequencies between the digitized signal and the electric power also allows the digitized signal and the electric power to be transmitted on the same electrical conductors, possibly reducing the minimum number of electrical conductors in the cable from three to two.
  • the seismic device 10 comprises at least one optical fibre included in the elongated cable 20 for sensing seismic events along the cable 20.
  • optical fibres By including optical fibres in the communication cable it will allow nearly continuous single-component DAS recordings of strain along the axis of the fiber, further described in WO 2010136810 A2 (Farhadiroushan).
  • WO 2010136810 A2 Fluorescence-Specific Sensors
  • three-component electrical sensors With sparsely distributed three-component electrical sensors fixed to selected connection points 50 it will constitute a Hybrid VSP recording array along the total length of the elongated cable 20.
  • the three-component sensors may be fixed to connection points 50 on cable 20 at suitable intervals, e.g., 7.5m, 15m, 18.75m, 22.5m, etc.).
  • channel capacity of the system is a problem it is possible to introduce hubs along the cable for connecting to an Ethernet network, allowing for almost any number of channels.
  • connection point 50 by fibre optical connection means known in the art. It can then provide double functionality by carrying both self produced DAS seismic signals as well as seismic signals received from each seismic module 70.
  • the present invention further comprises a method for performing vertical seismic profiling in a borehole by installing an elongated cable 20 in the borehole.
  • the first step of the method is providing the cable 20 with conductors 30 for carrying power and at least one communication line 40 for carrying signals.
  • connection point 50 placed along the elongated cable 20.
  • This connection point 50 comprises power providing means 60 and communication means 65 that are connected to said conductors 30 and communication line 40 in the elongated cable 20.
  • the connection points 50 may in one embodiment be fixed at regular intervals along the cable 20, e.g. at 3.75 meter intervals.
  • At least one optical fibre is provided in the elongated cable 20 for sensing seismic events along the total length of the cable 20.
  • This may further be connected to one or more connection points 50, thus enabling the optical fibre to function as the communication line 40 for transferring seismic signals generated by the seismic module 70 in addition to transferring self- generated seismic signals.
  • a seismic module 70 comprises a geophone 75 and electronics 80 for detecting and transferring seismic signals.
  • a seismic module 70 may be fixed to a connection point 50 by clamps or other physical fastening device.
  • a seismic module 70 is fixed to a connection point 50 by inductive or capacitive means comprised in the seismic module 70 and in the at least one connection point 50. A combination of these may be preferable in case power is lost.
  • the elongated cable 20 and the at least one sealed seismic module 70 can be fixed to a casing in a borehole by well known
  • the elongated cable 20 and the at least one sealed seismic module 70 can be fixed to a casing in the borehole by cementing.
  • the seismic device When the seismic device is installed in the borehole and assembled according the method described above, it is prepared and ready for wirelessly receiving power from the connection point 50 by the power receiving means 85 and wirelessly transmitting seismic signals from the seismic module 70 to the communication line 40 via the communication means 65 comprised in the connection point 50.
  • the present invention provides a flexible and cost effective seismic device 10 that can be assembled according to one configuration for a specific survey and reused and reconfigured for other surveys.
  • the resulting hybrid system With optical fibres included in the elongated cable 20, the resulting hybrid system will provide both a large aperture from the near-continuous single-component DAS sensors and directional information from sparsely distributed three-component sensors. Such a hybrid system would thus enable the generation of high-resolution, full dip-range images for a full spatial aperture. Used for a VSP survey, the savings for a client in rig-time costs can be substantial as this survey can be performed without moving the receiver system.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour effectuer un profilage sismique vertical (VSP) dans un trou de forage à l'aide d'un dispositif sismique (10) comprenant un câble allongé (20) comportant des conducteurs (30) pour transporter du courant et au moins une ligne de communication (40) pour transporter des signaux. Le dispositif comprend en outre au moins un point de connexion (50) placé le long du câble allongé (20), le point de connexion (50) comprenant des moyens d'alimentation électrique sans fil (60) et des moyens de communication (65) qui sont reliés auxdits conducteurs (30) et à la ligne de communication (40) dans le câble allongé (20), et au moins un module sismique étanche (70) fixé audit point de connexion (50), le module sismique (70) comprenant un géophone (75), un dispositif électronique (80) pour détecter et transférer des signaux sismiques, des moyens de réception de courant (85) pour recevoir du courant de manière sans fil en provenance du point de connexion (50) et des moyens pour émettre des signaux sismiques de manière sans fil à la ligne de communication (40) par l'intermédiaire des moyens de communication (65) compris dans le point de connexion (50).
PCT/EP2015/063521 2015-06-17 2015-06-17 Dispositif capteur et procédé pour applications sismiques de trou de forage WO2016202373A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1800494.5A GB2555994A (en) 2015-06-17 2015-06-17 Sensor device and method for borehole seismic applications
US15/737,330 US20180136354A1 (en) 2015-06-17 2015-06-17 Sensor device and method for borehole seismic applications
PCT/EP2015/063521 WO2016202373A1 (fr) 2015-06-17 2015-06-17 Dispositif capteur et procédé pour applications sismiques de trou de forage
NO20180061A NO20180061A1 (en) 2015-06-17 2018-01-15 Sensor device and method for borehole seismic applications

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2015/063521 WO2016202373A1 (fr) 2015-06-17 2015-06-17 Dispositif capteur et procédé pour applications sismiques de trou de forage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016202373A1 true WO2016202373A1 (fr) 2016-12-22

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PCT/EP2015/063521 WO2016202373A1 (fr) 2015-06-17 2015-06-17 Dispositif capteur et procédé pour applications sismiques de trou de forage

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US20180136354A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2555994A (fr)
NO (1) NO20180061A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016202373A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108459347A (zh) * 2017-02-21 2018-08-28 地理空间技术公司 用于地震数据获取的系统和方法
WO2021013829A1 (fr) 2019-07-22 2021-01-28 Tore Kjos Procédé et système d'étude sismique
CN112379405A (zh) * 2020-10-16 2021-02-19 山东大学 用于随tbm掘进探测的检波器步进自动安装装置及方法

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WO2017105416A1 (fr) * 2015-12-16 2017-06-22 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Surveillance sismique à grande surface utilisant une détection par fibres optiques
EP3670830B1 (fr) 2016-04-07 2021-08-11 BP Exploration Operating Company Limited Détection d'événements de fond de trou à l'aide de caractéristiques de domaine de fréquence acoustique
BR112018070565A2 (pt) 2016-04-07 2019-02-12 Bp Exploration Operating Company Limited detecção de eventos de fundo de poço usando características de domínio da frequência acústicas
EP3608503B1 (fr) 2017-03-31 2022-05-04 BP Exploration Operating Company Limited Surveillance de puits et de surcharge à l'aide de capteurs acoustiques distribués
CA3073623A1 (fr) 2017-08-23 2019-02-28 Bp Exploration Operating Company Limited Detection d'emplacements d'entree de sable en fond de trou
AU2018350092A1 (en) 2017-10-11 2020-05-14 Bp Exploration Operating Company Limited Detecting events using acoustic frequency domain features
CA3120164A1 (fr) 2018-11-29 2020-06-04 Bp Exploration Operating Company Limited Detection d'evenement a l'aide de caracteristiques das avec apprentissage automatique
GB201820331D0 (en) 2018-12-13 2019-01-30 Bp Exploration Operating Co Ltd Distributed acoustic sensing autocalibration
WO2021073741A1 (fr) 2019-10-17 2021-04-22 Lytt Limited Caractérisation de débits entrants de fluide au moyen de mesures de das/dts hybrides
WO2021073740A1 (fr) 2019-10-17 2021-04-22 Lytt Limited Détection d'écoulement entrant en utilisant de caractéristiques dts
WO2021093974A1 (fr) 2019-11-15 2021-05-20 Lytt Limited Systèmes et procédés d'améliorations du rabattement dans des puits
CA3180595A1 (fr) 2020-06-11 2021-12-16 Lytt Limited Systemes et procedes de caracterisation de flux de fluide souterrain
EP4168647A1 (fr) 2020-06-18 2023-04-26 Lytt Limited Formation de modèle d'événement à l'aide de données in situ
US20230184102A1 (en) * 2021-12-10 2023-06-15 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Using a radioisotope power source in a downhole sensor

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US6459383B1 (en) * 1999-10-12 2002-10-01 Panex Corporation Downhole inductively coupled digital electronic system
US20130206387A1 (en) * 2012-02-15 2013-08-15 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Communicating power and data to a component in a well

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108459347A (zh) * 2017-02-21 2018-08-28 地理空间技术公司 用于地震数据获取的系统和方法
EP3401707A1 (fr) * 2017-02-21 2018-11-14 Geospace Technologies Corporation Systèmes et procédés pour l'acquisition de données sismiques
US10310110B2 (en) 2017-02-21 2019-06-04 Geospace Technologies Corporation Systems and methods for seismic data acquisition
CN108459347B (zh) * 2017-02-21 2021-09-24 地理空间技术公司 用于地震数据获取的系统和方法
US11262467B2 (en) 2017-02-21 2022-03-01 Geospace Technologies Corporation Systems and methods for seismic data acquisition
WO2021013829A1 (fr) 2019-07-22 2021-01-28 Tore Kjos Procédé et système d'étude sismique
CN112379405A (zh) * 2020-10-16 2021-02-19 山东大学 用于随tbm掘进探测的检波器步进自动安装装置及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201800494D0 (en) 2018-02-28
US20180136354A1 (en) 2018-05-17
GB2555994A (en) 2018-05-16
NO20180061A1 (en) 2018-01-15

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