WO2016201693A1 - 数据传输方法和装置 - Google Patents

数据传输方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016201693A1
WO2016201693A1 PCT/CN2015/081933 CN2015081933W WO2016201693A1 WO 2016201693 A1 WO2016201693 A1 WO 2016201693A1 CN 2015081933 W CN2015081933 W CN 2015081933W WO 2016201693 A1 WO2016201693 A1 WO 2016201693A1
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Prior art keywords
interference
data
sta
channel
time
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PCT/CN2015/081933
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李彦淳
李云波
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN201580078799.9A priority Critical patent/CN107431954B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2015/081933 priority patent/WO2016201693A1/zh
Publication of WO2016201693A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016201693A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to communication technologies, and in particular, to a data transmission method and apparatus.
  • the WLAN mainly includes two network entities: an access point (AP) and a station (station, abbreviated as STA).
  • the STA is a terminal device in the WLAN
  • the AP is a relay node to which the WLAN is connected to the Internet, and is responsible for transmitting data of the STA to the Internet, and is also responsible for transmitting data of the Internet to the STA.
  • the AP For downlink data transmission, when transmitting data to the STA, the AP needs to perform Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) to determine whether the channel is idle.
  • CCA Clear Channel Assessment
  • the CCA threshold of the STA is equal to the receiving sensitivity level.
  • the STA determines that the channel is busy. If the strength of the received signal is lower than the CCA threshold, it determines that the signal is in an idle state. Due to the low CCA threshold, the STA often detects that the channel is busy and suppresses concurrent transmission, which makes the system space reuse efficiency low.
  • the current mainstream technology direction is to raise the CCA threshold, and the increased CCA threshold is greater than the receiving sensitivity.
  • the STA determines that the channel is idle, that is, the STA determines that the channel is idle in the following two cases: whether the strength of the received signal is less than the receiving sensitivity, or greater than the receiving sensitivity but less than the CCA threshold. The STA determines that the channel is idle.
  • the STA When the strength of the received signal is greater than the receiving sensitivity but less than the CCA threshold, the STA is actually interfered. Since the STA is affected by the interference, the AP can only transmit data to the STA at a lower rate, and the low-rate transmission will occupy more.
  • the air interface resources in addition, after the interference ends, the interference received by the STA is reduced, and the transmission from the AP at a higher rate can be accepted, but the AP still transmits at a low rate, and there is a waste of resources.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a data transmission method and apparatus, which improve the efficiency of data transmission and the utilization rate of radio resources.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a data transmission method, including:
  • the AP sends a data transmission indication message to the STA on the channel, where the data transmission indication message is used to notify the STA that the AP has data to send to the STA, where the data transmission indication message includes the identifier of the STA and the Describe a time when the AP sends data to the STA to occupy the channel;
  • the CCA report receives, by the AP, the CCA report of the idle channel of the channel returned by the STA according to the data transmission indication message, where the CCA report includes: an identifier of N interference sources, and each of the N interference sources The generated interference intensity, the residual interference time of each of the interference sources, and the interference strength of the internal interference of the channel, where the interference strength of the internal interference refers to the channel after the interference generated by the N interference sources ends
  • the interference strength, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • N1 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1
  • N2 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 0.
  • the AP Calculating, according to the acquired signal strength on the channel, the interference strength of the N interference sources, and the interference strength of the internal interference, the AP, at the same time, the N interference sources and the internal interference
  • the AP calculates, according to the signal strength, the interference strength of the N2 secondary interference sources, and the interference strength of the internal interference, the AP, when the N2 secondary interference sources and the internal interference exist simultaneously Transmitting a second transmission rate used by the data to be transmitted;
  • the AP transmits the to-be-sent data to the STA on the channel according to the first transmission rate, the second transmission rate, and the remaining interference time of the N1 primary interference sources, where the to-be-sent is sent.
  • Data transmission time is less than that of the STA when the interference of the N interference sources exists Describe the transmission time required to send data.
  • the AP according to the first transmission rate, the second transmission rate, and residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources, Transmitting the to-be-sent data to the STA on the channel, including:
  • the AP calculates a first transmission time according to the size of the data to be sent and the first transmission rate
  • the AP calculates a second transmission time according to the size of the to-be-sent data and the second transmission rate
  • the AP after the maximum residual interference duration of the N1 primary interference sources ends Transmitting, to the STA, the to-be-sent data on the channel using the second transmission rate.
  • the method further includes:
  • the AP sends data to other STAs on the channel using the first transmission rate before the end of the maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference source.
  • the AP according to the first transmission rate, the second transmission rate, and residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources, Transmitting the to-be-sent data to the STA on the channel, including:
  • the AP divides the to-be-sent data into a first sub-data segment and a second sub-data segment, where the first sub-data segment is transmitted before the second sub-data segment;
  • the AP is configured to divide the data to be sent into a first sub data segment and a second sub data segment.
  • Determining, by the AP, the first remaining transmission rate and the maximum remaining interference of the N1 primary interference sources Disturbing time calculates the size of data that can be transmitted during the maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interferers;
  • the AP divides the to-be-sent data into the first sub-data segment and the second sub-data segment according to a size of data that the AP can transmit in a maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources.
  • the size of the first sub-data segment is greater than or equal to the size of data that the AP can transmit during the maximum remaining interference time of the N1 primary interference sources.
  • the AP is based on the acquired signal strength, Calculating, by the interference strength of the N interference sources, the interference strength of the internal interference, and calculating, by the AP, the first transmission rate used by the data to be transmitted when the N interference sources and the internal interference are simultaneously present, include:
  • the AP calculates the first transmission rate according to a first formula, where the first formula is: Wherein R 1 represents the first transmission rate, S represents the signal strength, I i represents the interference strength of the ith primary interferer, and Ir represents the interference strength of the internal interference;
  • Calculating, according to the signal strength, the interference strength of the N2 secondary interference sources, and the interference strength of the internal interference, the AP, when the N2 secondary interference sources and the internal interference exist simultaneously Transmitting the second transmission rate used by the to-be-sent data includes:
  • the AP calculates the second transmission rate according to a second formula, where the second calculation formula is: Wherein R 2 represents the second transmission rate, and I j represents the interference strength of the jth secondary interference source.
  • the method further includes:
  • the AP obtains the signal strength according to the received power obtained when receiving the CCA report;
  • the AP receives the signal strength sent by the STA, where the signal strength is obtained by the STA according to the received power obtained when receiving the data transmission indication message.
  • the STA sends the The time taken by the CCA report is equal to the time taken by the STA to send the clear CTS message to the AP.
  • the data transmission indication message further includes: clearing indication information for sending a CTS message, where the indication information is used to indicate whether the STA is The AP returns a CTS message.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a data transmission method, including:
  • the STA Obtaining, by the STA, the CSA information of the channel according to the data transmission indication message, where the CCA information is used to indicate that the channel is idle, the channel is busy, or the channel is interfered with;
  • the STA sends the CCA report to the AP, so that the AP transmits the to-be-sent data to the STA according to a CCA report, where the CCA report includes : an identification of N interference sources, an interference strength generated by each of the N interference sources, a residual interference time of the each interference source, and an interference strength of internal interference of the channel, the internal interference
  • the interference strength refers to the interference strength of the channel after the interference generated by the N interference sources ends, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the method before the sending, by the STA, the CCA report to the AP, the method further includes:
  • the STA determines to send the CCA report to the AP;
  • the STA determines to return a clear CTS message to the AP.
  • the data transmission indication message further includes: clearing indication information for sending a CTS message, where the indication information is used to indicate whether the STA is located Said AP returns a CTS message;
  • the method further includes:
  • the STA sends a CTS message to the AP before or after transmitting the CCA report to the AP.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides an AP, including:
  • a sending module configured to send a data transmission indication message to the STA on the channel, where the data transmission indication message is used to notify the STA that the AP has data to send to the STA, where the data transmission indication message includes the The identifier of the STA and the time when the AP sends data to the STA to occupy the channel;
  • a receiving module configured to receive an idle channel assessment CCA report of the channel returned by the STA according to the data transmission indication message, where the CCA report includes: an identifier of N interference sources, and each of the N interference sources The interference intensity generated by the interference source, the residual interference time of each of the interference sources, and the interference strength of the internal interference of the channel, where the interference intensity of the internal interference is after the interference generated by the N interference sources ends The interference strength received by the channel, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the processing module is further configured to calculate, according to the acquired signal strength on the channel, the interference strength of the N interference sources, and the interference strength of the internal interference, the AP in the N interference sources and Transmitting a first transmission rate used by the data to be transmitted when the internal interference exists simultaneously;
  • the processing module is further configured to calculate, according to the signal strength, an interference strength of the N2 secondary interference sources, and an interference strength of the internal interference, the AP in the N2 secondary interference sources and the Transmitting a second transmission rate used by the data to be transmitted when internal interference exists simultaneously;
  • the processing module is further configured to transmit the to-be-sent data to the STA on the channel according to the first transmission rate, the second transmission rate, and residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources. And the data transmission time to be sent is smaller than the transmission time required by the STA to transmit the to-be-sent data when the interference of the N interference sources exists.
  • the processing module transmitting the to-be-sent data to the STA on the channel, specifically:
  • the first transmission time is greater than a sum of the second transmission time and a maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources, after the maximum residual interference duration of the N1 primary interference sources ends, Transmitting the data to be transmitted to the STA by using the second transmission rate on the channel.
  • the sending module is further configured to:
  • Data is transmitted to other STAs on the channel using the first transmission rate before the end of the maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interferer.
  • the processing module according to the first transmission rate, the second transmission rate, and a residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources, Transmitting the to-be-sent data to the STA on the channel, specifically:
  • the processing module divides the to-be-transmitted data into a first sub-data segment and a second sub-data segment , Specifically:
  • the to-be-sent data into the first sub-data segment and the second sub-data segment according to a size of data that can be transmitted in a maximum residual interference time of the N1 main interference sources, where the first sub-data
  • the size of the segment is greater than or equal to the size of data that the AP can transmit during the maximum remaining interference time of the N1 primary interferers.
  • the processing module is configured according to the acquired signal strength And calculating an interference strength of the N interference sources and an interference strength of the internal interference, and calculating a first transmission rate used by the AP to transmit the to-be-sent data when the N interference sources and the internal interference exist simultaneously , Specifically:
  • the processing module according to the signal strength, the interference intensity of the N2 secondary interference sources
  • the second transmission rate used by the AP to transmit the to-be-transmitted data when the N2 secondary interference sources and the internal interference exist simultaneously are calculated as:
  • the receiving module is further configured to:
  • the STA sends the The time taken by the CCA report is equal to the time taken by the STA to send the clear CTS message to the AP.
  • the data transmission indication message further includes: clearing indication information for sending a CTS message, where the indication information is used to indicate whether the STA is The AP returns a CTS message.
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a STA, including:
  • a receiving module configured to receive, on a channel, a data transmission indication message sent by the access point AP, where the data transmission indication message is used to notify the STA that the AP has data to send to the STA, where the data transmission indication message is And including an identifier of the STA and a time when the AP sends data to the STA to occupy the channel;
  • an obtaining module configured to acquire, according to the data transmission indication message, CSA information of the channel, where the CCA information is used to indicate that the channel is idle, the channel is busy, or The channel is interfered with;
  • a sending module configured to send the CCA report to the AP, if the CCA information indicates that the channel is interfered, to enable the AP to transmit the to-be-sent data to the STA according to a CCA report, where the CCA
  • the report includes: an identifier of N interference sources, an interference strength generated by each of the N interference sources, a residual interference time of each of the interference sources, and an interference strength of internal interference of the channel, the internal
  • the interference strength of the interference refers to the interference strength of the channel after the interference generated by the N interference sources ends, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the method further includes:
  • a determining module configured to determine, before the sending module sends the CCA report to the AP, whether the time that the AP included in the data transmission indication message sends data to the STA to occupy the channel is greater than a preset Time threshold
  • the data transmission indication message further includes: clearing indication information for sending a CTS message, where the indication information is used to indicate whether the STA is located Said AP returns a CTS message;
  • the sending module is further configured to:
  • a fifth aspect of the present invention provides an AP, including: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a system bus, wherein the memory and the communication interface are connected to the processor through the system bus and complete communication with each other.
  • the memory is for storing computer execution instructions
  • the communication interface is for communicating with other devices
  • the processor is configured to execute the computer execution instructions The method of causing the AP to perform the method of any of the first aspect and the first to eighth possible implementations of the first aspect.
  • a sixth aspect of the present invention provides a STA, including: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a system bus, wherein the memory and the communication interface are connected to the processor through the system bus and complete communication with each other.
  • the memory is for storing computer execution instructions
  • the communication interface is for communicating with other devices
  • the processor is configured to run the computer to execute instructions to cause the STA to perform the first aspect as in the first aspect and the second aspect A method as claimed in any one of the second possible implementations.
  • the AP receives the CCA report of the channel returned by the STA, and the CCA report includes: the identifier of the main interference source, the interference intensity of the main interference source, the interference residual duration of the main interference source, and the like.
  • the interference strength the AP makes data transmission decisions based on the interference situation that the STA is subjected to.
  • the data transmission time to be transmitted is smaller than the transmission time required for the STA to transmit the data to be transmitted under the interference of the main interference source, and the transmission of the data to be transmitted can be completed more quickly, thereby improving data transmission.
  • the efficiency increases the utilization of wireless resources.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of networking of a WLAN
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a correspondence between a CCA threshold and an execution action
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a scenario applicable to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of data transmission using a prior art method
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a method according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of transmitting data by using the method of Embodiment 4.
  • 11 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of STAs transmitting a data transmission response message to an AP;
  • FIG. 12 is another schematic diagram of a plurality of STAs transmitting a data transmission response message to an AP;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of STAs transmitting a data transmission response message to an AP;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an AP according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a STA according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an AP according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a STA according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of networking of a WLAN.
  • BSS Basic Service Sets
  • BSS1 and BSS2 A basic service set
  • a BSS is composed of an AP and a plurality of STAs associated with the AP.
  • STAs in the wireless signal coverage area of the AP are associated with the AP.
  • OBSS Overlapped BSS
  • the coverage area of the two BSSs in Figure 1 is OBSS, which is within OBBS1.
  • STA1 is in the OBSS.
  • the data packet sent by the STA, and the Network Allocation Vector (NAV) is set according to the packet header information.
  • the header information is, for example, the Length information or the medium access control in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIG) protocol.
  • the NAV itself is a timer that indicates when AP2 sends data to STA1 to occupy the channel. After STA1 sets the NAV according to the data packet sent by AP2, STA1 will not allow access to the channel until the NAV time expires.
  • the AP sends a Request To Send (RTS) message to the STA before sending the downlink data to the STA.
  • RTS Request To Send
  • the Clear To Send message is received by the STA.
  • the AP can send data.
  • AP1 if AP1 is ready to initiate data transmission to STA1, AP1 transmits an RTS message to the STA, but STA1 is not allowed to return a CTS message to AP1 due to NAV restriction.
  • AP1 does not receive the CTS message sent by STA1, and will try to send it with a short packet. The mechanism retransmits the RTS message, but the STA1 cannot respond, resulting in wasted air interface resources.
  • the mainstream technology is to raise the threshold level of CCA, the elevated CCA threshold P_CCA>P_sensitivity, and P_sensitivity indicates the receiving sensitivity of the STA.
  • 2 is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between the CCA threshold and the execution action. As shown in FIG. 2, STA1 is taken as an example. If the received power of the data packet sent by AP2 received by STA1 is P_packet, and P_packet ⁇ P_CCA, STA1 It is determined that the channel is idle, and STA1 returns a CTS message to AP1.
  • the header of the data packet sent by the AP2 further includes the BSS color information or the identity of the BSS (Identity, referred to as ID) to inform the STA1 which BSS the data packet comes from, and select P_CCA according to the information in the packet header.
  • ID the identity of the BSS
  • STA1 can send CTS to reply to AP1, and AP1 can send data to STA1. Since STA1 is affected by AP2 interference, AP1 can only transmit to STA1 at a lower rate. . In this case, the low-rate transmission will occupy more air interface resources. In addition, after the data transmission of AP2 ends, the interference received by STA1 is reduced, and the transmission from AP1 can be received at a higher rate. However, in the prior art, AP1 still Transmission at a low rate, there is a waste of resources.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the method provided in this embodiment may be used. Includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 The AP sends a data transmission indication message to the STA on the channel, where the data transmission indication message is used to notify the STA that the AP has data to be sent to the STA, where the data transmission indication message includes the identifier of the STA and the AP sends the data occupation channel to the STA. time.
  • the data transmission indication message may be in the form of a newly defined message, or may be in the form of an existing message, for example, an RTS message.
  • the AP may carry the identity of the STA and the required time in the data transmission message.
  • the required transmission time included in the data transmission indication message may specifically be a NAV.
  • Step 102 The AP receives a CCA report of the channel returned by the STA according to the data transmission indication message, where the CCA report includes: an identifier of the N interference sources, an interference strength generated by each of the N interference sources, and each interference.
  • the residual interference time of the source and the interference intensity of the internal interference of the channel, and the interference intensity of the internal interference refers to the interference intensity of the channel after the interference generated by the N interference sources ends, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the AP broadcasts the data transmission indication message in the form of a broadcast, and the STA in the BSS to which the AP belongs may receive the data transmission message.
  • the STA After receiving the data transmission indication message, the STA It is determined whether the identifier of the STA included in the data transmission indication message is its own identifier. If the identifier of the STA included in the data transmission indication message is the identifier of the STA, the STA acquires the CCA information of the channel. If the identifier of the STA included in the data transmission indication message is the identifier of the other STA, the STA parses the data transmission indication message, and acquires the time required for the AP included in the data transmission indication message to send data to the STA.
  • the STA After determining that the identifier of the STA included in the data transmission indication message RTS message is its own identifier, the STA queries the CCA information of the channel, and the CCA information is previously measured by the STA.
  • the CCA information may indicate that the channel is idle, the channel is busy, and the channel is interfered.
  • the CCA report includes: an identifier of N interference sources, and each of the N interference sources. The intensity of the interference generated, the residual interference time of each interferer, and the interference strength of the internal interference of the channel. If the CCA information indicates that the channel is busy, the STA The data transmission response message is not returned to the AP, that is, no message is returned to the AP.
  • the STA returns a data transmission response message to the AP. Specifically, if the channel is idle, the data transmission response message is a CTS message, and the AP starts transmitting after a SIFS after receiving the CTS message. Data, where SIFS (Short Interframe Space, SIFS for short) represents a short interframe space. If the channel is interfered, the data transmission response message includes a CCA report, or includes a CCA report and a CTS message, and sends the interference situation received by the STA to the AP by returning the CCA report.
  • SIFS Short Interframe Space
  • the STA may send a CTS message to the AP before sending the CCA report, or may send a CTS message after sending the CCA report.
  • the STA After receiving the data transmission indication message, the STA returns an RTS message to the AP, which may be configured by the AP.
  • the AP carries the indication information of the CTS message in the data transmission indication message, where the indication information is used to indicate whether the STA returns a CTS message to the AP.
  • the AP may carry the indication information by one bit.
  • the value of the bit indicates that the STA returns a CTS message to the AP.
  • the value of the bit is 0, indicating that the STA does not return a CTS message to the AP, or the value of the bit.
  • a value of 1 indicates that the STA does not return a CTS message to the AP.
  • a value of 0 indicates that the STA returns a CTS message to the AP.
  • STA1 For STA1, it may be interfered by multiple interference sources, and STA1 needs to report the interference strength of each interference source to the AP.
  • STA1 has one interference source, and the form of the CCA message reported by STA1 is: the identifier of the interference source 1, the interference strength of the interference source 1, the residual interference time of the interference source 1, and the interference strength of the internal interference.
  • the format of the CCA message reported by STA1 is: the identifier of the interference source 1, the interference strength of the interference source 1, the residual interference time of the interference source 1, the identifier of the interference source 2, and the interference of the interference source 2. Intensity, residual interference time of interference source 2, and interference intensity of internal interference.
  • STA1 obtains CCA information mainly by the following method: If STA1 receives the received power P_packet ⁇ P_CCA of the RTS message sent by AP2, STA1 determines that the channel is idle, and if P_packet>P_CCA, STA1 determines that the channel is busy. If P_sensitivity ⁇ P_packet ⁇ P_CCA, STA1 determines that the channel is interfered, STA1 parses the RTS message, and obtains the RTS message from AP2 through the packet header information, determines that the interference source is AP2, and obtains NAV2 from the RTS message, and NAV2 indicates that AP2 is occupied.
  • NAV2 is the total interference time of the interference source AP2
  • P_packet is the interference strength of the interference source AP2
  • the time of the NAV2 is gradually decreased to 0 as the data is transmitted.
  • the STA1 queries the CCA information to obtain the identifier of the interference source AP2, the interference strength of the interference source AP2, the residual interference time of the interference source AP2, and the interference strength of the internal interference of the channel, where the remaining of the AP2
  • the interference time is the remaining time of NAV2.
  • the STA may determine whether to send a CCA report to the AP according to the time when the AP included in the data transmission indication message sends the data occupation channel to the STA. In one mode, the STA returns a CCA report to the AP regardless of the length of time that the AP included in the data transmission indication message sends the data to the STA. In another mode, only the AP included in the data transmission indication message is sent to the STA. The STA will send a CCA report to the AP when the time at which the data is occupied occupies the channel is greater than a preset time threshold.
  • the STA sends a CCA report to the AP, the CCA report also occupies some resources. Even if the certain transmission resources are reduced according to the reported interference information, and the resources occupied by the CCA report are sent, the total resources consumed in the two modes are used. Almost, therefore, the STA does not need to send a CCA report to the AP.
  • the time taken by the STA to send the CCA report to the AP is equal to the time taken by the STA in the prior art to send the CTS message to the AP, so as to ensure that the AP can initiate the transmission within the SIFS*2+CTS time after the end of the RTS message transmission. .
  • Step 103 The AP determines N1 primary interference sources and N2 secondary interference sources from the N interference sources according to the interference strength of the N interference sources, where the main interference source is an interference source with a large interference intensity among the N interference sources.
  • the interference strength of the interference source 1 and the interference source 2 is large, which has a large impact on the data transmission of the STA.
  • the interference strength of the interference source 3 is small, and the impact on the data transmission of the STA is small. It is determined that the interference source 1 and the interference source 2 are the main interference sources, and the interference source 3 is the secondary interference source. If there is only one source of interference, then the source of the interference is the primary source of interference and the source of the secondary interference The number is zero.
  • Step 104 The AP calculates, according to the signal strength on the acquired channel, the interference strength of the N interference sources, and the interference strength of the internal interference, the AP transmits the first transmission used when the N interference sources and the internal interference exist simultaneously. rate.
  • the AP may calculate the first transmission rate according to the first formula, where the first formula is: Where R 1 represents the first transmission rate, S represents the signal strength, I i represents the interference strength of the ith main interferer, and Ir represents the interference strength of the internal interference.
  • the AP may calculate the first transmission rate by using a physical layer abstraction method or other methods according to the signal strength, the interference strength of the N interference sources, and the interference strength of the internal interference.
  • the AP may obtain the signal strength by: the AP obtains the signal strength according to the received power obtained when receiving the CCA report; or the AP receives the signal strength sent by the STA, where the signal strength is the received power obtained by the STA according to the received data transmission indication message. owned.
  • Step 105 The AP calculates, according to the signal strength, the interference strength of the N2 secondary interference sources, and the interference strength of the internal interference, the second transmission rate used by the AP to transmit the data to be transmitted when the N2 secondary interference sources and the internal interference exist simultaneously.
  • the second transmission rate is the rate after the interference of the primary interference source ends.
  • the AP may calculate the second transmission rate according to the second formula.
  • the second calculation formula is: Where R 2 represents the second transmission rate and I j represents the interference strength of the jth secondary interference source.
  • the AP may calculate the second transmission rate by using a physical layer abstraction method or other methods according to the acquired signal strength and the interference strength of the N2 secondary interference sources.
  • Step 106 The AP transmits the to-be-sent data to the STA on the channel according to the first transmission rate, the second transmission rate, and the remaining interference time of the N1 primary interference sources, and the data transmission time to be sent is smaller than the interference of the STA in the N interference sources. The transmission time required to transmit the data to be transmitted when it exists.
  • the AP calculates the first transmission time according to the size of the data to be sent and the first transmission rate, where the first transmission time is the transmission time required by the STA to transmit the data to be transmitted in the case of interference from the primary interference source. And calculating a second transmission time according to the size of the data to be sent and the second transmission rate, where the second transmission time is a transmission time required by the STA to transmit data to be transmitted without being interfered by the primary interference source. Finally, the sum of the maximum residual interference time of the second transmission and the N1 primary interference sources is calculated. For example, there are two main sources of interference. The residual interference time of the primary interference source 1 is 1 ms, and the residual interference time of the primary interference source 2 is 1.5 ms. Then the maximum residual interference time of the primary interference sources 1 and 2 is 1.5 ms.
  • the AP uses the second transmission rate direction on the channel after the maximum residual interference duration of the N1 primary interference sources ends.
  • the STA transmits the data to be transmitted. If the first transmission time is less than or equal to the sum of the second transmission time and the remaining interference duration of the primary interference source, the AP uses the first transmission immediately after receiving the CCA report, or after receiving the CCA report and the CTS message.
  • the rate transmits data to be transmitted to the STA.
  • the AP receives the CCA report and follows the existing transmission mode at a lower rate.
  • the transmission rate starts to transmit the data to be transmitted, and the transmission can be completed earlier than the transmission of the data to be transmitted after the delay to the maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources.
  • the AP transmits data at the second transmission rate after the maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources, so that the transmission of the data to be transmitted can be completed more quickly, thereby improving the efficiency of data transmission and improving the wireless. Utilization of resources. Further, in order to improve the utilization of radio resources, the AP sends data to other STAs on the channel using the first transmission rate before the end of the maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources.
  • the AP divides the data to be sent into a first sub-data segment and a second sub-data segment, where the first sub-data segment is transmitted before the second sub-data segment, and the AP uses the first transmission rate on the channel.
  • the STA transmits a first sub-data segment
  • the AP transmits a second sub-data segment to the STA on the channel using the second transmission rate.
  • the transmission time of the first sub-data segment is greater than or equal to the maximum of the N1 main interference sources.
  • the large residual interference time that is, before the end of the maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources, the AP transmits at a lower first transmission rate rate, and after the maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources ends, the faster use is performed.
  • the second transmission rate transmits data. Since the transmission of the second sub-data segment uses the second transmission rate, the AP can only complete the transmission of the data to be transmitted faster than the data to be transmitted in the prior art, thereby improving the data. The efficiency of transmission increases the utilization of wireless resources.
  • the AP calculates the maximum remaining of the N1 main interference sources according to the first transmission rate and the maximum residual interference time of the N1 main interference sources.
  • the size of the data that can be sent during the interference time is divided into the first sub-data segment and the second sub-data segment according to the size of the data that the AP can transmit in the maximum residual interference time of the N1 main interference sources.
  • the size of the sub-data segment is greater than or equal to the size of data that the AP can transmit during the maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interferers.
  • the AP receives the CCA report of the channel returned by the STA, and the CCA report includes: the interference strength generated by each of the N interference sources, the residual interference time of each interference source, and the interference strength of the internal interference of the channel.
  • the CCA report calculating a first transmission rate used by the STA when being interfered by N1 primary interference sources, and a second transmission rate used by the STA when not interfered by N1 primary interference sources, according to the first transmission rate
  • the second transmission rate and the remaining interference time of the N1 main interference source transmit the data to be transmitted to the STA on the channel, and the data transmission time to be transmitted is smaller than the transmission required for the STA to transmit the data to be transmitted when the interference is received by the N1 main interference sources. time.
  • the AP performs data transmission according to the interference situation received by the STA, so that the transmission time of the data to be transmitted is smaller than the transmission time required for the STA to transmit the data to be transmitted under the interference of the main interference source, and the AP can complete the transmission to be completed faster.
  • the transmission of data improves the efficiency of data transmission and improves the utilization of wireless resources.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. This embodiment is described from the STA side. As shown in FIG. 4, the method in this embodiment may include the following steps:
  • Step 201 The STA receives, on the channel, a data transmission indication message sent by the AP, where the data transmission indication message is used to notify the STA that the AP has data to send to the STA, where the data transmission indication message is included in the packet.
  • Step 202 The STA acquires CCA information of the channel according to the data transmission indication message, where the CCA information is used to indicate that the channel is idle, the channel is busy, or the channel is interfered.
  • Step 203 If the CCA information indicates that the channel is interfered, the STA sends a CCA report to the AP, so that the AP transmits the to-be-sent data to the STA according to the CCA report, where the CCA report includes: an identifier of the N interference sources, and each of the N interference sources.
  • the interference strength of the internal interference refers to the interference intensity of the channel after the interference generated by the N interference sources ends, and N is greater than or A positive integer equal to 1.
  • the STA If the CCA information is used to indicate that the channel is idle, the STA only returns a CTS message to the AP. If the CCA information is used to indicate that the channel is busy, the STA does not return any message to the AP.
  • the STA determines whether the time required for the AP carried in the data transmission indication message to send data to itself is greater than a preset time threshold; if the time required for the AP to send data to itself is greater than the The time threshold is used by the STA to send a CCA report to the AP. If the time required for the AP to send data to itself is less than or equal to the time threshold, the STA does not return a CTS message to the AP.
  • the main reason is that the NAV is very small, and the transmission time of the AP to the STA is very short. Even in the case of interference, the low-rate transmission will not occupy too much resources. However, uploading the CCA status will also occupy resources. Instead, it reduces the utilization of resources.
  • the STA when the STA determines that the channel is interfered according to the CCA information, the STA returns a CCA report to the AP, where the CCA report carries the interference information received by the STA, so that the AP performs data transmission according to the interference received by the STA.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a scenario applicable to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • BSS1 and BSS2 There are two BSSs: BSS1 and BSS2, and AP2 in BSS2 sends data to STA2 to interfere with STA1 in BSS1. Please refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6.
  • the method provided in this embodiment may include the following steps:
  • Step 301 AP1 performs channel competition.
  • Step 302 AP1 sends a data transmission indication message to STA1 on the contending channel.
  • STA1 returns a data transmission response message to the STA according to the data transmission indication message.
  • Step 303 The AP1 receives the data transmission response message returned by the STA1, where the data transmission response message includes a CCA report, where the CCA report includes the identifier of the interference source AP2, the interference strength of the interference source AP2, the residual interference time of the AP2, and the interference strength of the internal interference. .
  • the data transmission response message may also include a CTS message.
  • Step 304 AP1 calculates a first transmission rate according to the signal strength, the interference strength of the interference source AP2, and the interference strength of the internal interference.
  • Step 305 The AP1 calculates a first transmission time according to the size of the data to be transmitted and the first transmission rate.
  • the first transmission time Assuming that the first transmission rate is R 1 and the size of the data to be transmitted is L, the first transmission time
  • Step 306 AP1 calculates a second transmission rate according to the signal strength and the interference strength of the internal interference.
  • Step 307 The AP1 calculates a second transmission time according to the size of the data to be transmitted and the second transmission rate.
  • the second transmission rate is: R 2 , the size of the data to be transmitted L, the second transmission time
  • Step 308 The AP1 determines whether the first transmission time is greater than a sum of the second transmission time and the remaining interference time of the interference source AP2.
  • step 309 is performed, if the first transmission time is less than or equal to the sum of the second transmission time and the residual interference time of the interference source AP2, Go to step 310.
  • Step 309 After the remaining interference time of the interference source AP2 ends, the AP1 transmits the to-be-sent data to the STA1 by using the second transmission rate on the channel.
  • AP1 sends data to other STAs before the end of the residual interference duration of the primary interference source AP2.
  • Step 310 AP1 transmits the to-be-sent data to STA1 on the channel using the first transmission rate after receiving the data transmission response interval SIFI.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of data transmission using the method of the prior art
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of data transmission by using the method of the third embodiment, comparing FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 before and after the end of the residual interference time of the interference source AP2 in FIG.
  • the AP1 transmits the data to be transmitted to the STA1 using the first transmission rate of the lower rate, and the required first transmission time T1 is as shown in FIG.
  • the data is not transmitted to the STA1 before the end of the residual interference time of the interference source AP2, but after the remaining interference time of the interference source AP2 ends, the data to be transmitted is transmitted to the STA1 by using the second transmission rate on the channel.
  • the time required to transmit the data to be transmitted using the second transmission rate is T2, and then, the time that STA1 waits (ie, the residual interference time of the interference source AP2) is obtained, and the time T3 required for STA1 to transmit the data to be transmitted is obtained, by comparing FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 8, since T3 is smaller than T1, the method of the present embodiment can be used to complete the transmission in a shorter time, thereby improving the utilization of resources.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a method according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. This embodiment is described by using the scenario shown in FIG. 6 as an example. Referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 9, the method provided in this embodiment may include the following steps:
  • Step 401 AP1 performs channel competition.
  • Step 402 AP1 sends a channel transmission indication message to STA1 on the contending channel.
  • STA1 returns a data transmission response message to the STA according to the data transmission indication message.
  • Step 403 The AP1 receives the data transmission response message returned by the STA1, where the data transmission response message includes a CCA report, where the identifier includes the identifier of the interference source AP2, the interference strength of the interference source AP2, the residual interference time of the AP2, and the interference strength of the internal interference.
  • the data transmission response message may also include a CTS message.
  • Step 404 AP1 calculates a first transmission rate according to the signal strength, the interference strength of the interference source AP2, and the interference strength of the internal interference.
  • Step 405 AP1 calculates a second transmission rate according to the signal strength and the interference strength of the internal interference.
  • Step 406 The AP1 divides the data to be sent into a first sub-data segment and a second sub-data segment, and the transmission time of the first sub-data segment is equal to the residual interference time of the interference source AP2.
  • Step 407 AP1 transmits a first sub-data segment to STA1 on the channel using the first transmission rate before the end of the residual interference time of the interference source AP2, and uses the second transmission rate on the channel after the residual interference time of the interference source AP2 ends.
  • the second sub-data segment is transmitted to STA1.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of transmitting data by using the method of Embodiment 4, comparing FIG. 7 and FIG. 10, before and after the end of the residual interference time of the interference source AP2 in FIG. 7, AP1 transmits to the STA1 using the first transmission rate of the lower rate.
  • Data to be transmitted, in the method of this embodiment before the end of the residual interference time of the interference source AP2, the AP1 transmits the first sub-data segment to the STA1 using the first transmission rate, and after the remaining interference duration of the interference source AP2 ends, the AP2
  • the second sub-data segment is transmitted to the STA1 using the second transmission rate. Since the second transmission rate is higher than the first transmission rate, the method of the embodiment shortens the data transmission time compared to the prior art.
  • the method of the present invention can also be applied to a multi-user scenario.
  • the AP can carry the identifiers of multiple STAs in one data transmission indication message, and the AP needs to transmit data to each STA.
  • Time wherein the plurality of STAs use channels of different frequencies.
  • a plurality of STAs may send a CCA report to an AP by using an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) technology.
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • multiple APs respectively send CCA reports to APs on different subcarriers, if channel conditions are compared. When it is good, multiple STAs can send non-HT CTS messages on the same word carrier.
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of STAs transmitting a data transmission response message to an AP.
  • multiple STAs first transmit a CCA report on multiple uplink subcarriers by using OFDMA technology, and send a CTS message to the AP after transmitting the CCA report. . If the AP does not receive the CCA report of STA1, or the CCA information contained in the CCA report indicates that STA1 receives continuous strong interference, the AP does not transmit to STA1 in subsequent data transmission, but transmits to other users.
  • FIG. 12 is another schematic diagram of a plurality of STAs transmitting a data transmission response message to an AP.
  • multiple STAs first send CTS messages, and then transmit CCA reports on multiple subcarriers using OFDMA techniques.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of STAs transmitting a data transmission response message to an AP, and the data transmission response message in FIG. 13 includes only a CCA report.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an AP according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • the AP provided in this embodiment includes: a sending module 11, a receiving module 12, and a processing module 13.
  • the sending module 11 is configured to send a data transmission indication message to the STA on the channel, where the data transmission indication message is used to notify the STA that the AP has data to send to the STA, where the data transmission indication message includes the The identifier of the STA and the time when the AP sends data to the STA to occupy the channel;
  • the receiving module 12 is configured to receive an idle channel assessment CCA report of the channel returned by the STA according to the data transmission indication message, where the CCA report includes: an identifier of N interference sources, and each of the N interference sources
  • the interference intensity generated by the interference sources, the residual interference time of each of the interference sources, and the interference intensity of the internal interference of the channel, and the interference intensity of the internal interference refers to the interference generated by the N interference sources
  • the intensity of the interference experienced by the channel, N being a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the processing module 13 is further configured to calculate, according to the acquired signal strength on the channel, the interference strength of the N interference sources, and the interference strength of the internal interference, the AP in the N interference sources. Transmitting a first transmission rate used by the data to be transmitted when the internal interference exists simultaneously;
  • the processing module 13 is further configured to: according to the signal strength, the N2 secondary interference sources And an interference strength of the internal interference, and calculating, by the AP, a second transmission rate used by the data to be transmitted when the N2 secondary interference sources and the internal interference are simultaneously present;
  • the processing module 13 is further configured to transmit, to the STA, the to-be-sent on the channel according to the first transmission rate, the second transmission rate, and a residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources.
  • Data, the data transmission time to be transmitted is smaller than a transmission time required by the STA to transmit the to-be-transmitted data when the interference of the N interference sources exists.
  • the processing module 13 calculates the first transmission rate according to the first formula, where the first formula is: Wherein R 1 represents the first transmission rate, S represents the signal strength, I i represents the interference strength of the ith primary interferer, and Ir represents the interference strength of the internal interference.
  • the processing module 13 calculates the second transmission rate according to the second formula, where the second calculation formula is: Wherein R 2 represents the second transmission rate, and I j represents the interference strength of the jth secondary interference source.
  • the receiving module 12 is further configured to: obtain the signal strength according to the received power obtained when the CCA report is received; or receive the signal strength sent by the STA, where the signal strength is The STA is obtained according to the received power obtained when receiving the data transmission indication message.
  • the time taken by the STA to send the CCA report to the AP is equal to the time taken by the STA to send a clear CTS message to the AP.
  • the data transmission indication message further includes: clearing indication information for sending a CTS message, where the indication information is used to indicate whether the STA returns a CTS message to the AP.
  • the AP of this embodiment may be used to perform the method of Embodiment 1, and the specific implementation manner and technology. The effect is similar and will not be described here.
  • the sixth embodiment of the present invention provides an AP.
  • the structure of the AP provided in this embodiment is as follows.
  • the processing module 13 is configured according to the first transmission rate.
  • the second transmission rate and the remaining interference time of the N1 primary interference sources, the data to be sent is transmitted to the STA on the channel, specifically, according to the size of the data to be sent and the Calculating a first transmission time according to the first transmission rate; and calculating a second transmission time according to the size of the to-be-sent data and the second transmission rate; if the first transmission time is greater than the second transmission time and the N1 And the sum of the maximum residual interference times of the primary interference sources, after the maximum residual interference duration of the N1 primary interference sources ends, transmitting the to-bes to the STA using the second transmission rate on the channel send data.
  • the sending module is further configured to send data to the other STAs on the channel by using the first transmission rate before the end of the maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference source.
  • the AP in this embodiment can be used to perform the method in the third embodiment.
  • the specific implementation manners and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the seventh embodiment of the present invention provides an AP.
  • the structure of the AP provided in this embodiment is as follows.
  • the processing module 13 is configured according to the first transmission rate.
  • the second transmission rate and the remaining interference time of the N1 primary interference sources, the data to be sent is transmitted to the STA on the channel, specifically: dividing the to-be-sent data into the first sub- a data segment and a second sub-data segment, the first sub-data segment being transmitted before the second sub-data segment; transmitting the first sub-data to the STA on the channel using the first transmission rate And transmitting, by the second transmission rate, the second sub-data segment to the STA on the channel.
  • the processing module 13 divides the to-be-sent data into a first sub-data segment and a second sub-data segment, specifically, according to the first transmission rate and the maximum of the N1 main interference sources.
  • Remaining interference time calculates a size of data that can be transmitted during a maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources; and the to-be-sent according to a size of data that can be transmitted in a maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources
  • the data is divided into the first sub-data segment and The second sub-data segment, the size of the first sub-data segment is greater than or equal to the size of data that the AP can transmit during the maximum remaining interference time of the N1 primary interference sources.
  • the AP in this embodiment may be used to perform the method in the fourth embodiment.
  • the specific implementation manners and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a STA according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • the STA provided in this embodiment includes: a receiving module 21, an obtaining module 22, and a sending module 23.
  • the receiving module 21 is configured to receive, on the channel, a data transmission indication message sent by the AP, where the data transmission indication message is used to notify the STA that the AP has data to send to the STA, where the data transmission indication message includes Determining an identifier of the STA and a time when the AP sends data to the STA to occupy the channel;
  • An obtaining module 22 configured to acquire, according to the data transmission indication message, CSA information of the channel, where the CCA information is used to indicate that the channel is idle, the channel is busy, or the channel is interfered with;
  • the sending module 23 is configured to: if the CCA information indicates that the channel is interfered, send the CCA report to the AP, so that the AP transmits the to-be-sent data to the STA according to a CCA report,
  • the CCA report includes: an identifier of N interference sources, an interference strength generated by each of the N interference sources, a residual interference time of each of the interference sources, and an interference strength of internal interference of the channel,
  • the interference strength of the internal interference refers to the interference strength of the channel after the interference generated by the N interference sources ends, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the STA further includes: a determining module, configured to: before the sending module 23 sends the CCA report to the AP, determining that the AP included in the data transmission indication message sends data occupation to the STA Whether the time of the channel is greater than a preset time threshold; if the time that the AP included in the data transmission indication message sends data to the STA occupying the channel is greater than the time threshold, determining to the AP Sending the CCA report; if the time that the AP included in the data transmission indication message sends data to the STA occupying the channel is less than or equal to the time threshold, determining to return a CTS message to the AP.
  • a determining module configured to: before the sending module 23 sends the CCA report to the AP, determining that the AP included in the data transmission indication message sends data occupation to the STA Whether the time of the channel is greater than a preset time threshold; if the time that the AP included in the data transmission indication message sends data to the STA
  • the data transmission indication message further includes: indication information of the CTS message, where The indication information is used to indicate whether the STA returns a CTS message to the AP; if the indication information is used to indicate that the STA returns a CTS message to the AP, the sending module is further configured to: Before or after the AP sends the CCA report, the AP sends a CTS message to the AP.
  • the STAs in this embodiment may be used to perform the method provided in the second embodiment.
  • the specific implementation manners and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an AP according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
  • the AP 300 provided in this embodiment includes: a processor 31, a memory 32, a communication interface 33, and a system bus 34, and the memory 32 and The communication interface 33 is connected to the processor 31 via the system bus 34 and performs communication with each other.
  • the memory 32 is used to store computer execution instructions, and the communication interface 33 is used for communication with other devices.
  • the processor 31 is configured to execute the computer to execute an instruction, so that the AP 300 performs the method as follows:
  • the CCA report receives, by the STA, the CCA report of the idle channel of the channel returned according to the data transmission indication message, where the CCA report includes: an identifier of N interference sources, and interference generated by each of the N interference sources.
  • the intensity, the residual interference time of each of the interference sources, and the interference strength of the internal interference of the channel, the interference strength of the internal interference refers to the interference intensity of the channel after the interference generated by the N interference sources ends , N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • N1 primary interference sources and N2 secondary interference sources from the N interference sources, where the primary interference sources are interference in the N interference sources.
  • the AP calculates, according to the acquired signal strength on the channel, the interference strength of the N interference sources, and the interference strength of the internal interference, the AP transmits when the N interference sources and the internal interference exist simultaneously The first transmission rate used by the data to be transmitted;
  • the interference intensity of the N2 secondary interference sources, and the internal interference Interference strength calculating, by the AP, a second transmission rate used by the data to be transmitted when the N2 secondary interference sources and the internal interference are simultaneously present;
  • the processor 31 transmits the to-be-sent to the STA on the channel according to the first transmission rate, the second transmission rate, and the remaining interference time of the N1 primary interference sources.
  • Data specifically: calculating a first transmission time according to the size of the to-be-sent data and the first transmission rate; and calculating a second transmission time according to the size of the to-be-sent data and the second transmission rate;
  • the first transmission time is greater than a sum of the second transmission time and a maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources, and after the maximum residual interference duration of the N1 primary interference sources ends, the channel is
  • the to-be-sent data is transmitted to the STA using the second transmission rate.
  • the processor 31 is further configured to send data to the other STAs on the channel by using the first transmission rate before the end of the maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference source.
  • the processor 31 transmits the to-be-sent to the STA on the channel according to the first transmission rate, the second transmission rate, and the remaining interference time of the N1 primary interference sources.
  • Data specifically: dividing the to-be-sent data into a first sub-data segment and a second sub-data segment, the first sub-data segment being transmitted before the second sub-data segment; using the first transmission rate Transmitting the first sub-data segment to the STA on the channel, the AP transmitting the second sub-data segment to the STA on the channel using the second transmission rate.
  • the processor 31 divides the to-be-transmitted data into a first sub-data segment and a second sub-data segment, specifically, according to the first transmission rate and a maximum remaining of the N1 primary interference sources.
  • the interference time calculates a size of data that can be transmitted during a maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources; and a size of data that can be transmitted according to the maximum residual interference time of the N1 primary interference sources by the AP.
  • the data to be sent is divided into the first sub-data segment and the second sub-data segment, and the size of the first sub-data segment is greater than or equal to the AP in the N1 main The amount of data that can be transmitted during the maximum residual interference time of the source.
  • the processor 31 calculates the first transmission rate according to the first formula, where the first formula is: Wherein R 1 represents the first transmission rate, S represents the signal strength, I i represents the interference strength of the ith primary interferer, and Ir represents the interference strength of the internal interference.
  • the processor 31 calculates the second transmission rate according to the second formula, where the second calculation formula is: Wherein R 2 represents the second transmission rate, and I j represents the interference strength of the jth secondary interference source.
  • the processor 31 is further configured to: obtain the signal strength according to the received power obtained when the CCA report is received; or receive the signal strength sent by the STA, where the signal strength is The STA is obtained according to the received power obtained when receiving the data transmission indication message.
  • the time taken by the STA to send the CCA report to the AP is equal to the time taken by the STA to send a clear CTS message to the AP.
  • the data transmission indication message further includes: clearing indication information for sending a CTS message, where the indication information is used to indicate whether the STA returns a CTS message to the AP.
  • the AP in this embodiment may be used to perform the methods provided in the first embodiment, the third embodiment, and the fourth embodiment.
  • the specific implementation manners and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a STA according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
  • the STA 400 provided in this embodiment includes: a processor 41, a memory 42, a communication interface 43, and a system bus 44.
  • the communication interface 43 is connected to the processor 41 via the system bus 44 and performs communication with each other.
  • the memory 42 is used to store computer execution instructions, and the communication interface 43 is configured to communicate with other devices.
  • the processor 41 is configured to execute the computer to execute an instruction to cause the STA 400 to perform the method as described below:
  • a data transmission indication message sent by the AP where the data transmission indication message is used to notify the STA that the AP has data to send to the STA, where the data transmission indication message includes the identifier of the STA and the Describe a time when the AP sends data to the STA to occupy the channel;
  • an idle channel assessment CCA information of the channel where the CCA information is used to indicate that the channel is idle, the channel is busy, or the channel is interfered;
  • the CCA report is sent to the AP, so that the AP transmits the to-be-sent data to the STA according to a CCA report, where the CCA report includes: An identifier of the interference source, an interference strength generated by each of the N interference sources, a residual interference time of each of the interference sources, and an interference strength of the internal interference of the channel, where the interference intensity of the internal interference is Refers to the interference strength of the channel after the interference generated by the N interference sources ends, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the processor 41 is further configured to: determine that the AP included in the data transmission indication message sends data to the STA to occupy the channel. Whether the time is greater than a preset time threshold; if the time that the AP included in the data transmission indication message sends data to the STA occupying the channel is greater than the time threshold, determining to send the The CCA report determines to return a clear to send CTS message to the AP if the time that the AP included in the data transmission indication message sends data to the STA occupying the channel is less than or equal to the time threshold.
  • the data transmission indication message further includes: indication information of the CTS message, where the indication information is used to indicate whether the STA returns a CTS message to the AP; if the indication information is used to indicate the STA Returning a CTS message to the AP, the processor 41 is further configured to: send a CTS message to the AP before or after sending the CCA report to the AP.
  • the STAs in this embodiment may be used to perform the method provided in the second embodiment.
  • the specific implementation manners and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a medium that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种数据传输方法和装置，包括：AP接收STA返回的STA受到的干扰信息，根据STA受到的干扰信息确定在主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间内不传输数据，而是在主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间结束后以较高的传输速率传输数据，或者，在主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间内以较低的速率传输数据，在主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间结束后以较高的传输速率传输数据，能够更快的完成待发送数据的传输，从而提高了数据传输的效率，提高了无线资源的利用率。

Description

数据传输方法和装置 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及通信技术，尤其涉及一种数据传输方法和装置。
背景技术
近年来无线局域网(wireless local area network，简称WLAN)已经深入人们的日常生活，WLAN主要包含两个网络实体：接入点(access point，简称AP)与站点(station，简称STA)。STA是WLAN中的终端设备，AP是WLAN与因特网连接的中继节点，负责将STA的数据发送到因特网，也负责将因特网的数据发送给STA。对于下行数据传输，AP在向STA传输数据时，需要先进行空闲信道评估(Clear Channel Assessment，简称CCA)，确定信道是否空闲。传统系统中STA的CCA门限等于接收灵敏度(sensitivity level)，若接收信号的强度高于CCA门限，则STA确定信道处于忙碌状态，若接收信号的强度低于CCA门限，则确定信号处于空闲状态。由于CCA门限较低，STA经常检测到信道为忙，抑制了并发传输，使得系统空间重用效率较低。
为了解决上述问题，目前的主流技术方向是提升CCA门限，提升后的CCA门限大于接收灵敏度。在CCA过程中，只要接收信号的强度小于CCA门限，STA就确定信道空闲，即在以下两种情况下STA都确定信道空闲：接收信号的强度是小于接收灵敏度，还是大于接收灵敏度但小于CCA门限，STA都确定信道空闲。
在接收信号的强度大于接收灵敏度但小于CCA门限的情况下，STA实际上受到了干扰，由于STA受到干扰影响，AP仅能用较低的速率向STA传输数据，低速率的传输将占据较多空口资源，此外，在干扰结束后，STA受到的干扰降低，可以接受来自AP更高速率的传输，但AP仍以低速率传输，存在着资源浪费。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种数据传输方法和装置，提高了数据传输的效率和无线资源的利用率。
本发明第一方面提供一种数据传输方法，包括：
AP在信道上向STA发送数据传输指示消息，所述数据传输指示消息用于通知所述STA所述AP有数据向所述STA发送，所述数据传输指示消息中包括所述STA的标识以及所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间；
所述AP接收所述STA根据所述数据传输指示消息返回的所述信道的空闲信道评估CCA报告，所述CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、所述N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、所述每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及所述信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，所述内部干扰的干扰强度是指所述N个干扰源产生的干扰结束后所述信道受到的干扰强度，N为大于或等于1的正整数；
所述AP根据所述N个干扰源的干扰强度，确定从所述N个干扰源中确定N1个主要干扰源和N2个次要干扰源，所述主要干扰源为所述N个干扰源中干扰强度较大的干扰源，所述次要干扰源为所述N个干扰源中干扰强度较小的干扰源，N1为大于或等于1的正整数，N2为大于或等于0的正整数，N＝N1+N2；
所述AP根据已获取的所述信道上的信号强度、所述N个干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N个干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输待发送数据使用的第一传输速率；
所述AP根据所述信号强度、所述N2个次要干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N2个次要干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输所述待发送数据使用的第二传输速率；
所述AP根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，所述待发送的数据传输时间小于所述STA在所述N个干扰源的干扰存在时传输所 述待发送数据所需的传输时间。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述AP根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，包括：
所述AP根据所述待发送数据的大小和所述第一传输速率计算第一传输时间；
所述AP根据所述待发送数据的大小和所述第二传输速率计算第二传输时间；
若所述第一传输时间大于所述第二传输时间与所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间之和，则所述AP在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰持续时间结束后，在所述信道上使用所述第二传输速率向所述STA传输所述待发送数据。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述AP在所述N1主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间结束前，使用所述第一传输速率在所述信道上向其他STA发送数据。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述AP根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，包括：
所述AP将所述待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，所述第一子数据段在所述第二子数据段之前传输；
所述AP使用所述第一传输速率在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述第一子数据段，所述AP使用所述第二传输速率在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述第二子数据段。
结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述AP将所述待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，包括：
所述AP根据所述第一传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干 扰时间计算在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小；
所述AP根据所述AP在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小将所述待发送数据分为所述第一子数据段和所述第二子数据段，所述第一子数据段的大小大于或等于所述AP在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小。
结合第一方面以及第一方面的第一种至第四种可能的实现方式中任一一种，在第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述AP根据已获取的信号强度、所述N个干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N个干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输所述待发送数据使用的第一传输速率，包括：
所述AP根据第一公式计算所述第一传输速率，所述第一公式为：
Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-000001
其中，R1表示所述第一传输速率，S表示所述信号强度，Ii表示所述第i个主要干扰源的干扰强度，Ir表示所述内部干扰的干扰强度；
所述AP根据所述信号强度、所述N2个次要干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N2个次要干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输所述待发送数据使用的第二传输速率，包括：
所述AP根据第二公式计算所述第二传输速率，所述第二计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-000002
其中，R2表示所述第二传输速率，Ij表示所述第j个次要干扰源的干扰强度。
结合第一方面以及第一方面的第一种至第五种可能的实现方式中任一一种，在第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述AP根据接收所述CCA报告时获得的接收功率得到所述信号强度；
或者，所述AP接收所述STA发送的所述信号强度，所述信号强度是所述STA根据接收所述数据传输指示消息时获得的接收功率得到的。
结合第一方面以及第一方面的第一种至第六种可能的实现方式中任一一种，在第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述STA向所述AP发送所述CCA报告所占用的时间等于所述STA向所述AP发送清除发送CTS消息所占用的时间。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述数据传输指示消息中还包括：清除发送CTS消息的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述STA是否向所述AP返回CTS消息。
本发明第二方面提供一种数据传输方法，包括：
STA在信道上接收AP发送的数据传输指示消息，所述数据传输指示消息用于通知所述STA所述AP有数据向所述STA发送，所述数据传输指示消息中包括所述STA的标识以及所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间；
所述STA根据所述数据传输指示消息获取所述信道的空闲信道评估CCA信息，所述CCA信息用于指示所述信道空闲、所述信道忙碌或者所述信道受到干扰；
若所述CCA信息指示所述信道受到干扰，则所述STA向所述AP发送所述CCA报告，以使所述AP根据CCA报告向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，所述CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、所述N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、所述每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及所述信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，所述内部干扰的干扰强度是指所述N个干扰源产生的干扰结束后所述信道受到的干扰强度，N为大于或等于1的正整数。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述STA向所述AP发送所述CCA报告之前，所述方法还包括：
所述STA确定所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间是否大于预设的时间阈值；
若所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所 述信道的时间大于所述时间阈值，则所述STA确定向所述AP发送所述CCA报告；
若所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间小于或等于所述时间阈值，则所述STA确定向所述AP返回清除发送CTS消息。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述数据传输指示消息中还包括：清除发送CTS消息的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述STA是否向所述AP返回CTS消息；
若所述指示信息用于指示所述STA向所述AP返回CTS消息，则所述方法还包括：
所述STA在向所述AP发送所述CCA报告之前或之后，向所述AP发送CTS消息。
本发明第三方面提供一种AP，包括：
发送模块，用于在信道上向站点STA发送数据传输指示消息，所述数据传输指示消息用于通知所述STA所述AP有数据向所述STA发送，所述数据传输指示消息中包括所述STA的标识以及所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间；
接收模块，用于接收所述STA根据所述数据传输指示消息返回的所述信道的空闲信道评估CCA报告，所述CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、所述N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、所述每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及所述信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，所述内部干扰的干扰强度是指所述N个干扰源产生的干扰结束后所述信道受到的干扰强度，N为大于或等于1的正整数；
处理模块，用于根据所述N个干扰源的干扰强度，确定从所述N个干扰源中确定N1个主要干扰源和N2个次要干扰源，所述主要干扰源为所述N个干扰源中干扰强度较大的干扰源，所述次要干扰源为所述N个干扰源中干扰强度较小的干扰源，N1为大于或等于1的正整数，N2为大于或等于0的正整数，N＝N1+N2；
所述处理模块，还用于根据已获取的所述信道上的信号强度、所述N个干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N个干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输待发送数据使用的第一传输速率；
所述处理模块，还用于根据所述信号强度、所述N2个次要干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N2个次要干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输所述待发送数据使用的第二传输速率；
所述处理模块，还用于根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，所述待发送的数据传输时间小于所述STA在所述N个干扰源的干扰存在时传输所述待发送数据所需的传输时间。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，具体为：
根据所述待发送数据的大小和所述第一传输速率计算第一传输时间；
根据所述待发送数据的大小和所述第二传输速率计算第二传输时间；
若所述第一传输时间大于所述第二传输时间与所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间之和，则在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰持续时间结束后，在所述信道上使用所述第二传输速率向所述STA传输所述待发送数据。
结合第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述发送模块还用于：
在所述N1主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间结束前，使用所述第一传输速率在所述信道上向其他STA发送数据。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，具体为：
将所述待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，所述第一子数据段在所述第二子数据段之前传输；
使用所述第一传输速率在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述第一子数据段，使用所述第二传输速率在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述第二子数据段。
结合第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块将所述待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，具体为：
根据所述第一传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间计算在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小；
根据所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小将所述待发送数据分为所述第一子数据段和所述第二子数据段，所述第一子数据段的大小大于或等于所述AP在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小。
结合第三方面以及第三方面的第一种至第四种可能的实现方式中任一一种，在第三方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块根据已获取的信号强度、所述N个干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N个干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输所述待发送数据使用的第一传输速率，具体为：
根据第一公式计算所述第一传输速率，所述第一公式为：
Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-000003
其中，R1表示所述第一传输速率，S表示所述信号强度，Ii表示所述第i个主要干扰源的干扰强度，Ir表示所述内部干扰的干扰强度；
所述处理模块根据所述信号强度、所述N2个次要干扰源的干扰强度 和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N2个次要干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输所述待发送数据使用的第二传输速率，具体为：
根据第二公式计算所述第二传输速率，所述第二计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-000004
其中，R2表示所述第二传输速率，Ij表示所述第j个次要干扰源的干扰强度。
结合第三方面以及第三方面的第一种至第五种可能的实现方式中任一一种，在第三方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述接收模块还用于：
根据接收所述CCA报告时获得的接收功率得到所述信号强度；
或者，接收所述STA发送的所述信号强度，所述信号强度是所述STA根据接收所述数据传输指示消息时获得的接收功率得到的。
结合第三方面以及第三方面的第一种至第六种可能的实现方式中任一一种，在第三方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述STA向所述AP发送所述CCA报告所占用的时间等于所述STA向所述AP发送清除发送CTS消息所占用的时间。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述数据传输指示消息中还包括：清除发送CTS消息的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述STA是否向所述AP返回CTS消息。
本发明第四方面提供一种STA，包括：
接收模块，用于在信道上接收接入点AP发送的数据传输指示消息，所述数据传输指示消息用于通知所述STA所述AP有数据向所述STA发送，所述数据传输指示消息中包括所述STA的标识以及所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间；
获取模块，用于根据所述数据传输指示消息获取所述信道的空闲信道评估CCA信息，所述CCA信息用于指示所述信道空闲、所述信道忙碌或 者所述信道受到干扰；
发送模块，用于若所述CCA信息指示所述信道受到干扰，则向所述AP发送所述CCA报告，以使所述AP根据CCA报告向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，所述CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、所述N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、所述每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及所述信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，所述内部干扰的干扰强度是指所述N个干扰源产生的干扰结束后所述信道受到的干扰强度，N为大于或等于1的正整数。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
确定模块，用于在所述发送模块向所述AP发送所述CCA报告之前，确定所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间是否大于预设的时间阈值；
若所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间大于所述时间阈值，则确定向所述AP发送所述CCA报告；
若所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间小于或等于所述时间阈值，则确定向所述AP返回清除发送CTS消息。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述数据传输指示消息中还包括：清除发送CTS消息的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述STA是否向所述AP返回CTS消息；
若所述指示信息用于指示所述STA向所述AP返回CTS消息，则所述发送模块还用于：
在向所述AP发送所述CCA报告之前或之后，向所述AP发送CTS消息。
本发明第五方面提供一种AP，包括：处理器、存储器、通信接口和系统总线，所述存储器和所述通信接口通过所述系统总线与所述处理器连接并完成相互间的通信，所述存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，所述通信接口用于和其他设备进行通信，所述处理器用于运行所述计算机执行指 令，使所述AP执行如第一方面以及第一方面第一种至第八种可能的实现方式中的任一所述的方法。
本发明第六方面提供一种STA，包括：处理器、存储器、通信接口和系统总线，所述存储器和所述通信接口通过所述系统总线与所述处理器连接并完成相互间的通信，所述存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，所述通信接口用于和其他设备进行通信，所述处理器用于运行所述计算机执行指令，使所述STA执行如第一方面以及第二方面第一种和第二种可能的实现方式中的任一所述的方法。
本发明实施例提供的数据传输方法和装置，AP通过接收STA返回的信道的CCA报告，CCA报告包括：主要干扰源的标识、主要干扰源的干扰强度、主要干扰源的干扰剩余持续时间以及其他干扰强度，AP根据STA受到的干扰情况进行数据传输决策。在STA受到强干扰情况下，使得待发送的数据传输时间小于STA在主要干扰源的干扰下传输待发送数据所需的传输时间，能够更快的完成待发送数据的传输，从而提高了数据传输的效率，提高了无线资源的利用率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为WLAN的组网示意图；
图2为CCA门限和执行动作之间的对应关系的示意图；
图3为本发明实施例一提供的数据传输方法的流程图；
图4为本发明实施例二提供的一种数据传输方法的流程图；
图5为本发明实施例三提供的数据传输方法的流程图；
图6为本发明实施例三适用的场景的示意图；
图7为采用现有技术的方法传输数据的示意图；
图8为采用实施例三的方法传输数据的示意图；
图9为本发明实施例四提供的方法的结构示意图；
图10为采用实施例四的方法传输数据的示意图；
图11为多个STA向AP发送数据传输响应消息的一种示意图；
图12为多个STA向AP发送数据传输响应消息的另一种示意图；
图13为多个STA向AP发送数据传输响应消息的一种示意图；
图14为本发明实施例五提供的AP的结构示意图；
图15为本发明实施例八提供的STA的结构示意图；
图16为本发明实施例九提供一种AP的结构示意图；
图17为本发明实施例十提供的STA的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例的方法可以应用在密集部署的WLAN中，图1为WLAN的组网示意图，如图1所示，图中共有两个基本服务集(Basic Service Set，简称BSS)：BSS1和BSS2，一个BSS由AP以及与AP关联的多个STA组成，通常，在AP的无线信号覆盖范围的STA是与该AP关联的。在实际的应用中，多个BSS在覆盖区域上出现交叠的情形很普遍，从而形成重叠BSS(Overlapping BSS，简称OBSS)，图1中两个BSS交叠的覆盖区域即为OBSS，OBBS1内的STA1处于OBSS内，假设AP2先抢占信道，若AP发送的数据到达STA1时的强度超过了STA1的接收机灵敏度(Receiver Sensitivity Level)，则STA1应该能以较大概率成功接收到AP2向其关联的STA发送的数据包，并根据包头信息设置网络分配矢量(Network Allocation Vector，简称NAV)，该包头信息例如为会话初始协议(Session Initiation Protocol，简称SIG)协议中的Length信息或媒体接入控制(Media Access Control，简称MAC)协议的Duration信息。
NAV本身是一个定时器(timer)，用于指示AP2向STA1发送数据占用信道的时间。在STA1根据AP2发送的数据包设置NAV后，在NAV时间超时前，STA1将不允许接入该信道。在WLAN中，当AP需要向自己服务的STA发送下行数据前，AP都会向该STA发送一个请求发送(Request To Send，简称RTS)消息，在收到该STA返回的清除发送(Clear To Send，简称CTS)消息后，AP才能发送数据。图1中，若AP1准备发起对STA1的数据传输，则AP1向STA传输RTS消息，但STA1受NAV限制不能向AP1返回CTS消息，AP1未收到STA1发送的CTS消息，会尝试用短包发送机制重传RTS消息，但由于STA1无法应答，导致空口资源浪费。
目前主流技术是提升CCA的门限级别，提升后的CCA门限P_CCA>P_sensitivity，P_sensitivity表示STA的接收灵敏度。图2为CCA门限和执行动作之间的对应关系的示意图，如图2所示，以STA1为例，若STA1接收到的AP2发送的数据包的接收功率为P_packet，且P_packet<P_CCA，则STA1确定信道空闲，STA1向AP1返回CTS消息。当P_packet>P_CCA时，由于STA1的接收功率高于CCA门限，因此，STA1确定信道忙碌，STA1不向AP1返回CTS消息。当P_sensitivity<P_packet<P_CCA时，STA1确定信道空闲可用，STA1向AP1返回CTS消息，由于STA1的接收功率高于自己的接收灵敏度，STA1有较大概率可以解码出AP2发送的数据包的包头信息，然后，根据包头信息设置NAV时间。同时，AP2发送的数据包的包头还包含了BSS color信息或BSS的身份标识(Identity，简称ID)，以告知STA1该数据包来自哪个BSS，并根据包头中的信息选择P_CCA。
通过上述描述可知，现有技术中，只要P_packet<P_CCA，STA1就可以发送CTS回复AP1，AP1就可以向STA1发送数据，由于STA1受到AP2的干扰影响，AP1仅能用较低的速率向STA1传输。这一情况下，低速率的传输将占据较多空口资源，此外，在AP2的数据传输结束后，STA1收到的干扰降低，可以接收来自AP1更高速率的传输，但现有技术中AP1仍以低速率传输，存在资源浪费。
为了解决现有技术的问题，本发明实施例一提供一种数据传输方法，图3为本发明实施例一提供的数据传输方法的流程图，如图3所示，本实施例提供的方法可以包括以下步骤：
步骤101、AP在信道上向STA发送数据传输指示消息，该数据传输指示消息用于通知STA AP有数据向STA发送，该数据传输指示消息中包括STA的标识以及AP向STA发送数据占用信道的时间。
该数据传输指示消息可以采用新定义的消息形式，也可以采用已有的消息形式，例如，RTS消息。AP可以将该STA的标识和所需的时间携带在该数据传输消息中。当该数据传输指示消息采用RTS消息时，该数据传输指示消息中包括的所需的传输时间具体可以为NAV。
步骤102、AP接收该STA根据数据传输指示消息返回的信道的CCA报告，该CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、所述N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，内部干扰的干扰强度是指N个干扰源产生的干扰结束后信道受到的干扰强度，N为大于或等于1的正整数。
AP会将该数据传输指示消息以广播的形式广播出去，AP所属的BSS内的STA都可能收到该数据传输消息，对于某个STA来说，该STA在收到该数据传输指示消息后，确定该数据传输指示消息中包括的STA的标识是否是自己的标识。若该数据传输指示消息中包括的STA的标识为该STA的标识，则该STA获取信道的CCA信息。若该数据传输指示消息中包括的STA的标识为其他STA的标识，则该STA解析该数据传输指示消息，获取到该数据传输指示消息中包括的AP向STA发送数据所需的时间。
该STA在确定该数据传输指示消息RTS消息中包括的STA的标识为自己的标识后，查询该信道的CCA信息，该CCA信息是STA预先测量得到的。本实施例中，CCA信息可以指示信道空闲、信道忙碌以及信道受到干扰，其中，当CCA信息指示信道受到干扰时，CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及信道的内部干扰的干扰强度。若CCA信息指示信道忙碌，则STA 不向AP返回数据传输响应消息，即不向AP返回任何消息。若CCA信息指示信道空闲或受到干扰，则STA向AP返回数据传输响应消息，具体的，若信道空闲，则数据传输响应消息为CTS消息，AP在收到CTS消息后，在一个SIFS之后开始传输数据，其中，SIFS(Short interframe space，简称SIFS)表示短帧间间隔。若信道受到干扰，则数据传输响应消息包括CCA报告，或者包括CCA报告和CTS消息，通过返回CCA报告将该STA受到的干扰情况发送给AP。
需要说明的是，STA可以在发送CCA报告之前向AP发送CTS消息，也可以在发送CCA报告之后发送CTS消息。STA在收到数据传输指示消息后是否向AP返回RTS消息，可以由AP配置，例如，AP在数据传输指示消息中携带CTS消息的指示信息，该指示信息用于指示STA是否向AP返回CTS消息。例如，AP可以通过一个比特位携带该指示信息，例如，比特位的值为1表示STA向AP返回CTS消息，比特位的值为0表示STA不向AP返回CTS消息，或者，比特位的值为1表示STA不向AP返回CTS消息，比特位的值为0表示STA向AP返回CTS消息。
对于STA1来说，可能受到多个干扰源的干扰，那么STA1需要将每个干扰源的干扰强度都上报给AP。例如，STA1具有1个干扰源，那么STA1上报的CCA消息的形式为：干扰源1的标识、干扰源1的干扰强度、干扰源1的剩余干扰时间、内部干扰的干扰强度。若STA1具有两个干扰源，那么STA1上报的CCA消息的形式为：干扰源1的标识、干扰源1的干扰强度、干扰源1的剩余干扰时间、干扰源2的标识、干扰源2的干扰强度、干扰源2的剩余干扰时间、内部干扰的干扰强度。
以图1所示例子为例，STA1主要通过以下方式获取CCA信息，若STA1收到AP2发送的RTS消息的接收功率P_packet<P_CCA，则STA1确定信道空闲，若P_packet>P_CCA，则STA1确定信道忙碌，若P_sensitivity<P_packet<P_CCA，则STA1确定信道受到干扰，STA1解析该RTS消息，通过包头信息得到该RTS消息来自AP2，则确定干扰源为AP2，并从该RTS消息获取NAV2，NAV2表示AP2占用该信道的最大时 间，对于STA1来说，NAV2为干扰源AP2的总干扰时间，P_packet为干扰源AP2的干扰强度，NAV2的时间随着数据的传输逐渐递减至0。STA1在收到AP1发送的RTS消息后，查询CCA信息，获得干扰源AP2的标识、干扰源AP2的干扰强度、干扰源AP2的剩余干扰时间以及信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，其中，AP2的剩余干扰时间为NAV2的剩余时间。
若CCA信息指示信道受到干扰，该STA可以根据数据传输指示消息中包括的AP向STA发送数据占用信道的时间确定是否向AP发送CCA报告。一种方式中，不论数据传输指示消息中包括的AP向STA发送数据占用信道的时间长短，该STA都会向AP返回CCA报告，另一种方式中，只有数据传输指示消息中包括的AP向STA发送数据占用信道的时间大于预先设置的时间阈值，该STA才会向AP发送CCA报告。这主要是因为，若数据传输指示消息中包括的AP向STA发送数据占用信道的时间小于或等于该时间阈值，说明AP向STA发送数据所需的时间很短，那么即使存在干扰源，AP以较慢的速率向STA发送数据也不会占用太多的资源。若STA向AP发送了CCA报告，由于发送CCA报告也会占用一些资源，即使根据上报的干扰信息减少了一定的传输资源，加上发送CCA报告占用的资源，两种方式下消耗的总的资源差不多，因此，STA不需要向AP发送CCA报告。
优选的，该STA向AP发送CCA报告所占用的时间等于现有技术中STA向AP发送CTS消息所占用的时间，以确保AP能在RTS消息传输结束后的SIFS*2+CTS时间内发起传输。
步骤103、AP根据N个干扰源的干扰强度，从N个干扰源中确定N1个主要干扰源和N2个次要干扰源，主要干扰源为N个干扰源中干扰强度较大的干扰源，次要干扰源为N个干扰源中干扰强度较小的干扰源，N1为大于或等于1的正整数，N2为大于或等于0的正整数，N＝N1+N2。
例如，共有三个干扰源，干扰源1和干扰源2的干扰强度较大，对STA的数据传输影响较大，干扰源3的干扰强度较小，对STA的数据传输影响较小，那么AP确定干扰源1和干扰源2为主要干扰源，干扰源3为次要干扰源。若只有一个干扰源，那么该一个干扰源作为主要干扰源，次要干扰源的 个数为零。
步骤104、AP根据已获取的信道上的信号强度、N个干扰源的干扰强度和内部干扰的干扰强度，计算AP在N个干扰源和内部干扰同时存在时传输待发送数据使用的第一传输速率。
具体的，AP可以根据第一公式计算第一传输速率，第一公式为：
Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-000005
其中，R1表示第一传输速率，S表示信号强度，Ii表示第i个主要干扰源的干扰强度，Ir表示内部干扰的干扰强度。或者，AP也可以根据信号强度、N个干扰源的干扰强度和内部干扰的干扰强度，采用物理层抽象方法或其他方法计算第一传输速率。
AP具体可以通过以下方式获取信号强度：AP根据接收CCA报告时获得的接收功率得到信号强度；或者，AP接收STA发送的信号强度，该信号强度是STA根据接收数据传输指示消息时获得的接收功率得到的。
步骤105、AP根据信号强度、N2个次要干扰源的干扰强度和内部干扰的干扰强度，计算AP在N2个次要干扰源和内部干扰同时存在时传输待发送数据使用的第二传输速率。
第二传输速率即在主干扰源的干扰结束后的速率，具体的，AP可以根据第二公式计算第二传输速率，第二计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-000006
其中，R2表示第二传输速率，Ij表示第j个次要干扰源的干扰强度。或者，AP也可以根据已获取的信号强度和N2个次要干扰源的干扰强度，采用物理层抽象方法或其他方法计算第二传输速率。
步骤106、AP根据第一传输速率、第二传输速率和N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在信道上向STA传输待发送数据，待发送的数据传输时间小于STA在N个干扰源的干扰存在时传输待发送数据所需的传输时间。
第一种方式，AP根据待发送数据的大小和第一传输速率计算第一传输时间，第一传输时间为该STA在受到主要干扰源的干扰情况下传输待发送数据所需要的传输时间。以及根据待发送数据的大小和第二传输速率计算第二传输时间，该第二传输时间为该STA在没有受到主要干扰源的干扰情况下传输待发送数据所需要的传输时间。最后，计算该第二传输时与N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间之和。例如，有两个主要干扰源，主要干扰源1的剩余干扰时间为1ms，主要干扰源2的剩余干扰时间为1.5ms,那么主要干扰源1、2的最大剩余干扰时间为1.5ms。
若第一传输时间大于第二传输时间与N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间之和，则AP在N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰持续时间结束后，在信道上使用第二传输速率向STA传输待发送数据。若该第一传输时间小于或等于该第二传输时间与主要干扰源的剩余干扰持续时间之和，则AP在收到CCA报告后，或者，收到CCA报告和CTS消息之后立即使用第一传输速率向该STA传输待发送数据。若该第一传输时间小于或等于该第二传输时间与N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间之和，说明AP在收到CCA报告后，按照现有的传输方式以较低速率的第一传输速率开始传输待发送数据，比推迟到N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间结束后再传输待发送数据可以更早的完成传输。
在第一种方式中，AP在N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间之后以第二传输速率传输数据，能够更快的完成待发送数据的传输，从而提高了数据传输的效率，提高了无线资源的利用率。进一步的，为了提高无线资源的利用率，AP在N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间结束前，使用第一传输速率在信道上向其他STA发送数据。
第二种方式，AP将待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，第一子数据段在第二子数据段之前传输，AP使用第一传输速率在该信道上向该STA发送第一子数据段，AP使用第二传输速率在该信道上向该STA发送第二子数据段。
优选的，第一子数据段的传输时间大于或等于N1个主要干扰源的最 大剩余干扰时间，即在N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间结束前，AP使用较低的第一传输速率速率传输，在N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间结束后，使用较快的第二传输速率传输数据。由于第二子数据段的传输使用第二传输速率，相比于现有技术中待发送数据只能以第一传输速率传输数据，AP能够更快的完成待发送数据的传输，从而提高了数据传输的效率，提高了无线资源的利用率。相应的，AP将待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段时：AP根据第一传输速率和N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间计算在N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够发送的数据的大小，根据AP在N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够发送的数据的大小将待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，第一子数据段的大小大于或等于AP在N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够发送的数据的大小。
本实施例中，AP通过接收STA返回的信道的CCA报告，CCA报告包括：N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及信道的内部干扰的干扰强度；根据CCA报告，计算该STA在受到N1个主要干扰源的干扰时使用的第一传输速率，以及该STA在没有受到N1个主要干扰源干扰时使用的第二传输速率，根据第一传输速率、第二传输速率和N1主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在信道上向STA传输待发送数据，待发送数据传输时间小于STA在受到N1个主要干扰源的干扰时传输待发送数据所需的传输时间。所述方法中，AP根据STA受到的干扰情况进行数据传输，使得待发送数据的传输时间小于STA在受到主要干扰源的干扰下传输待发送数据所需的传输时间，能够更快的完成待发送数据的传输，从而提高了数据传输的效率，提高了无线资源的利用率。
图4为本发明实施例二提供的一种数据传输方法的流程图，本实施例是从STA侧进行描述的，如图4所示，本实施例的方法可以包括以下步骤：
步骤201、STA在信道上接收AP发送的数据传输指示消息，该数据传输指示消息用于通知STA AP有数据向STA发送，该数据传输指示消息中包 括STA的标识以及AP向STA发送数据占用信道的时间。
步骤202、STA根据数据传输指示消息获取信道的CCA信息，CCA信息用于指示信道空闲、信道忙碌或者信道受到干扰。
步骤203、若CCA信息指示信道受到干扰，则STA向AP发送CCA报告，以使AP根据CCA报告向STA传输待发送数据，CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，内部干扰的干扰强度是指N个干扰源产生的干扰结束后信道受到的干扰强度，N为大于或等于1的正整数。
若CCA信息用于指示信道空闲，则STA只向AP返回CTS消息，若CCA信息用于指示信道忙碌，则STA不向AP返回任何消息。
可选的，STA向AP发送CCA报告之前，STA确定数据传输指示消息中携带的AP向自己发送数据所需的时间是否大于预设的时间阈值；若AP向自己发送数据所需的时间大于该时间阈值，则STA向AP发送CCA报告；若AP向自己发送数据所需的时间小于或等于该时间阈值，则STA不向AP返回CTS消息。主要是因为，该NAV很小时，AP向STA传输数据的传输时间很短，即使在有干扰的情况下，采用低速率传输也不会占用太多资源，但是，上传CCA状态等也会占用资源，反而降低了资源的利用率。
本实施例的具体实现方式可参照实施例一步骤102的相关描述，这里不再赘述。
本实施例中，当STA根据CCA信息确定信道受到干扰时，STA会向AP返回CCA报告，CCA报告中携带STA受到的干扰的信息，以使AP根据STA受到的干扰进行数据传输。
以下将通过具体的实施例对实施例一和实施例二的方法进行说明。本实施例以图1所示的场景为例进行说明，图5为本发明实施例三提供的数据传输方法的流程图，图6为本发明实施例三适用的场景的示意图，图6 中有两个BSS：BSS1和BSS2，BSS2内的AP2向STA2发送数据会对BSS1内的STA1产生干扰，请结合图5和图6，本实施例提供的方法可以包括以下步骤：
步骤301、AP1进行信道竞争。
步骤302、AP1在竞争到的信道上向STA1发送数据传输指示消息。
STA1根据数据传输指示消息向STA返回数据传输响应消息。
步骤303、AP1接收STA1返回的数据传输响应消息，该数据传输响应消息包括CCA报告，CCA报告中包括干扰源AP2的标识、干扰源AP2的干扰强度、AP2的剩余干扰时间以及内部干扰的干扰强度。
该数据传输响应消息中还可以包括CTS消息。
步骤304、AP1根据信号强度、干扰源AP2的干扰强度和内部干扰的干扰强度计算第一传输速率。
步骤302-304的具体实现方式可参照实施例一的描述，这里不再赘述。
步骤305、AP1根据待发送数据的大小和第一传输速率计算第一传输时间。
假设第一传输速率为R1，待发送数据的大小为L，则第一传输时间
Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-000007
步骤306、AP1根据信号强度和内部干扰的干扰强度计算第二传输速率。
本步骤的具体实现方式可参照实施例一的相关描述，这里不再赘述。
步骤307、AP1根据待发送数据的大小和第二传输速率计算第二传输时间。
假设第二传输速率为：R2，待发送数据的大小L，则第二传输时间
Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-000008
步骤308、AP1判断第一传输时间是否大于第二传输时间和干扰源AP2的剩余干扰时间之和。
若第一传输时间大于第二传输时间和干扰源AP2的剩余干扰时间之和，则执行步骤309，若第一传输时间小于或等于第二传输时间和干扰源AP2的剩余干扰时间之和，则执行步骤310。
步骤309、AP1在干扰源AP2的剩余干扰时间结束后，在信道上使用第二传输速率向STA1传输待发送数据。
可选的，AP1在主要干扰源AP2的剩余干扰持续时间结束前，向其他STA发送数据。
步骤310、AP1在接收到数据传输响应后间隔SIFI后在信道上使用第一传输速率向STA1传输待发送数据。
图7为采用现有技术的方法传输数据的示意图，图8为采用实施例三的方法传输数据的示意图，比较图7和图8，图7中干扰源AP2的剩余干扰时间结束前、后，AP1都使用较低速率的第一传输速率向STA1传输待发送的数据，所需的第一传输时间T1如图1所示。本实施例的方法，在干扰源AP2的剩余干扰时间结束前不向STA1传输数据，而是在干扰源AP2的剩余干扰时间结束后，在信道上使用第二传输速率向STA1传输待发送数据，使用第二传输速率传输待发送数据所需的时间为T2，然后，加上STA1等待的时间(即干扰源AP2的剩余干扰时间)得到STA1传输待发送数据所需的时间T3，通过比较图7和图8可知，T3小于T1，所以采用本实施例的方法，能够以更短的时间完成传输，从而提高了资源的利用率。
图9为本发明实施例四提供的方法的结构示意图，本实施例以图6所示的场景为例进行说明，请结合图6和图9，本实施例提供的方法可以包括以下步骤：
步骤401、AP1进行信道竞争。
步骤402、AP1在竞争到的信道上向STA1发送信道传输指示消息。
STA1根据数据传输指示消息向STA返回数据传输响应消息。
步骤403、AP1接收STA1返回的数据传输响应消息，该数据传输响应消息包括CCA报告，报告中包括干扰源AP2的标识、干扰源AP2的干扰强度、AP2的剩余干扰时间以及内部干扰的干扰强度。
该数据传输响应消息中还可以包括CTS消息。
步骤404、AP1根据信号强度、干扰源AP2的干扰强度和内部干扰的干扰强度计算第一传输速率。
步骤402-404的具体实现方式可参照实施例一的描述，这里不再赘述。
步骤405、AP1根据信号强度和内部干扰的干扰强度计算第二传输速率。
步骤406、AP1将待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，第一子数据段的传输时间等于干扰源AP2的剩余干扰时间。
步骤407、AP1在干扰源AP2的剩余干扰时间结束前使用第一传输速率在该信道上向STA1传输第一子数据段，在干扰源AP2的剩余干扰时间结束后使用第二传输速率在该信道上向STA1传输第二子数据段。
步骤402-407的具体实现方式可参照实施例一的相关描述，这里不再赘述。
图10为采用实施例四的方法传输数据的示意图，比较图7和图10，图7中干扰源AP2的剩余干扰时间结束前、后，AP1都使用较低速率的第一传输速率向STA1传输待发送的数据，本实施例的方法，在干扰源AP2的剩余干扰时间结束前，AP1使用第一传输速率向STA1传输第一子数据段，在干扰源AP2的剩余干扰持续时间结束后，AP2使用第二传输速率向STA1传输第二子数据段，由于第二传输速率高于第一传输速率，因此，相比于现有技术，本实施例的方法，缩短了数据传输时间。
需要说明的是，本发明的方法还可以应用在多用户场景下，在多用户场景下，AP可以在一个数据传输指示消息中携带多个STA的标识，以及AP向每个STA传输数据所需的时间，其中，该多个STA使用不同的频率的信道。多个STA可以使用正交频分多址(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access，简称OFDMA)技术向AP发送CCA报告，例如，多个AP分别在不同的子载波上向AP发送CCA报告，若信道条件较好时，多个STA可以在同一个字载波上发送兼容格式(non-HT)的CTS消息。图11为多个STA向AP发送数据传输响应消息的一种示意图，图11中多个STA先采用OFDMA技术在多个上行子载波上发送CCA报告，并在发送CCA报告之后向AP发送CTS消息。若AP未收到STA1的CCA报告，或CCA报告中包含的CCA信息指示STA1收到持续的强干扰，AP在后续数据传输中不进行给STA1的传输，而为其他用户进行传输。
图12为多个STA向AP发送数据传输响应消息的另一种示意图。图12中多个STA先发送CTS消息，然后，采用OFDMA技术在多个子载波上发送CCA报告。
图11和图12中数据传输响应消息都包括CCA报告和CTS消息。图13为多个STA向AP发送数据传输响应消息的一种示意图，图13中数据传输响应消息中只包括CCA报告。
图14为本发明实施例五提供的AP的结构示意图，如图14所示，本实施例提供的AP包括：发送模块11、接收模块12和处理模块13。
发送模块11，用于在信道上向STA发送数据传输指示消息，所述数据传输指示消息用于通知所述STA所述AP有数据向所述STA发送，所述数据传输指示消息中包括所述STA的标识以及所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间；
接收模块12，用于接收所述STA根据所述数据传输指示消息返回的所述信道的空闲信道评估CCA报告，所述CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、所述N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、所述每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及所述信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，所述内部干扰的干扰强度是指所述N个干扰源产生的干扰结束后所述信道受到的干扰强度，N为大于或等于1的正整数；
处理模块13，用于根据所述N个干扰源的干扰强度，确定从所述N个干扰源中确定N1个主要干扰源和N2个次要干扰源，所述主要干扰源为所述N个干扰源中干扰强度较大的干扰源，所述次要干扰源为所述N个干扰源中干扰强度较小的干扰源，N1为大于或等于1的正整数，N2为大于或等于0的正整数，N＝N1+N2；
所述处理模块13，还用于根据已获取的所述信道上的信号强度、所述N个干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N个干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输待发送数据使用的第一传输速率；
所述处理模块13，还用于根据所述信号强度、所述N2个次要干扰源 的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N2个次要干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输所述待发送数据使用的第二传输速率；
所述处理模块13，还用于根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，所述待发送的数据传输时间小于所述STA在所述N个干扰源的干扰存在时传输所述待发送数据所需的传输时间。
可选的，所述处理模块13根据第一公式计算所述第一传输速率，所述第一公式为：
Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-000009
其中，R1表示所述第一传输速率，S表示所述信号强度，Ii表示所述第i个主要干扰源的干扰强度，Ir表示所述内部干扰的干扰强度。
可选的，所述处理模块13根据第二公式计算所述第二传输速率，所述第二计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-000010
其中，R2表示所述第二传输速率，Ij表示所述第j个次要干扰源的干扰强度。
本实施例中，所述接收模块12还用于：根据接收所述CCA报告时获得的接收功率得到所述信号强度；或者，接收所述STA发送的所述信号强度，所述信号强度是所述STA根据接收所述数据传输指示消息时获得的接收功率得到的。
可选的，所述STA向所述AP发送所述CCA报告所占用的时间等于所述STA向所述AP发送清除发送CTS消息所占用的时间。
可选的，所述数据传输指示消息中还包括：清除发送CTS消息的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述STA是否向所述AP返回CTS消息。
本实施例的AP，可用于执行实施例一的方法，具体实现方式和技术 效果类似，这里不再赘述。
本发明实施例六提供一种AP，本实施例提供的AP的结构参照图14，在实施例五提供的AP的基础上，在本实施例中所述处理模块13根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，具体为：根据所述待发送数据的大小和所述第一传输速率计算第一传输时间；以及根据所述待发送数据的大小和所述第二传输速率计算第二传输时间；若所述第一传输时间大于所述第二传输时间与所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间之和，则在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰持续时间结束后，在所述信道上使用所述第二传输速率向所述STA传输所述待发送数据。
可选的，所述发送模块还用于：在所述N1主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间结束前，使用所述第一传输速率在所述信道上向其他STA发送数据。
本实施例的AP，可用于执行实施例三的方法，具体实现方式和技术效果类似，这里不再赘述。
本发明实施例七提供一种AP，本实施例提供的AP的结构参照图14，在实施例五提供的AP的基础上，在本实施例中所述处理模块13根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，具体为：将所述待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，所述第一子数据段在所述第二子数据段之前传输；使用所述第一传输速率在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述第一子数据段，使用所述第二传输速率在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述第二子数据段。
本实施例中，所述处理模块13将所述待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，具体为：根据所述第一传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间计算在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小；根据所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小将所述待发送数据分为所述第一子数据段和 所述第二子数据段，所述第一子数据段的大小大于或等于所述AP在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小。
本实施例的AP，可用于执行实施例四的方法，具体实现方式和技术效果类似，这里不再赘述。
图15为本发明实施例八提供的STA的结构示意图，如图15所示，本实施例提供的STA包括：接收模块21、获取模块22和发送模块23。
接收模块21，用于在信道上接收AP发送的数据传输指示消息，所述数据传输指示消息用于通知所述STA所述AP有数据向所述STA发送，所述数据传输指示消息中包括所述STA的标识以及所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间；
获取模块22，用于根据所述数据传输指示消息获取所述信道的空闲信道评估CCA信息，所述CCA信息用于指示所述信道空闲、所述信道忙碌或者所述信道受到干扰；
发送模块23，用于若所述CCA信息指示所述信道受到干扰，则向所述AP发送所述CCA报告，以使所述AP根据CCA报告向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，所述CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、所述N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、所述每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及所述信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，所述内部干扰的干扰强度是指所述N个干扰源产生的干扰结束后所述信道受到的干扰强度，N为大于或等于1的正整数。
可选的，STA还包括：确定模块，用于在所述发送模块23向所述AP发送所述CCA报告之前，确定所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间是否大于预设的时间阈值；若所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间大于所述时间阈值，则确定向所述AP发送所述CCA报告；若所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间小于或等于所述时间阈值，则确定向所述AP返回CTS消息。
可选的，所述数据传输指示消息中还包括：CTS消息的指示信息，所 述指示信息用于指示所述STA是否向所述AP返回CTS消息；若所述指示信息用于指示所述STA向所述AP返回CTS消息，则所述发送模块还用于：在向所述AP发送所述CCA报告之前或之后，向所述AP发送CTS消息。
本实施例的STA，可用于执行实施例二提供的方法，具体实现方式和技术效果类似，这里不再赘述。
图16为本发明实施例九提供一种AP的结构示意图，如图16所示，本实施例提供的AP300包括：处理器31、存储器32、通信接口33和系统总线34，所述存储器32和所述通信接口33通过所述系统总线34与所述处理器31连接并完成相互间的通信，所述存储器32用于存储计算机执行指令，所述通信接口33用于和其他设备进行通信，所述处理器31用于运行所述计算机执行指令，使所述AP300执行如下所述的方法：
在信道上向STA发送数据传输指示消息，所述数据传输指示消息用于通知所述STA所述AP有数据向所述STA发送，所述数据传输指示消息中包括所述STA的标识以及所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间；
接收所述STA根据所述数据传输指示消息返回的所述信道的空闲信道评估CCA报告，所述CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、所述N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、所述每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及所述信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，所述内部干扰的干扰强度是指所述N个干扰源产生的干扰结束后所述信道受到的干扰强度，N为大于或等于1的正整数；
根据所述N个干扰源的干扰强度，确定从所述N个干扰源中确定N1个主要干扰源和N2个次要干扰源，所述主要干扰源为所述N个干扰源中干扰强度较大的干扰源，所述次要干扰源为所述N个干扰源中干扰强度较小的干扰源，N1为大于或等于1的正整数，N2为大于或等于0的正整数，N＝N1+N2；
根据已获取的所述信道上的信号强度、所述N个干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N个干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输待发送数据使用的第一传输速率；
根据所述信号强度、所述N2个次要干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰 的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N2个次要干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输所述待发送数据使用的第二传输速率；
根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，所述待发送的数据传输时间小于所述STA在所述N个干扰源的干扰存在时传输所述待发送数据所需的传输时间。
可选的，所述处理器31根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，具体为：根据所述待发送数据的大小和所述第一传输速率计算第一传输时间；以及根据所述待发送数据的大小和所述第二传输速率计算第二传输时间；若所述第一传输时间大于所述第二传输时间与所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间之和，则在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰持续时间结束后，在所述信道上使用所述第二传输速率向所述STA传输所述待发送数据。
可选的，所述处理器31还用于：在所述N1主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间结束前，使用所述第一传输速率在所述信道上向其他STA发送数据。
可选的，所述处理器31根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，具体为：将所述待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，所述第一子数据段在所述第二子数据段之前传输；使用所述第一传输速率在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述第一子数据段，所述AP使用所述第二传输速率在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述第二子数据段。
可选的，所述处理器31将所述待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，具体为：根据所述第一传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间计算在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小；根据所述AP在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小将所述待发送数据分为所述第一子数据段和所述第二子数据段，所述第一子数据段的大小大于或等于所述AP在所述N1个主 要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小。
可选的，所述处理器31根据第一公式计算所述第一传输速率，所述第一公式为：
Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-000011
其中，R1表示所述第一传输速率，S表示所述信号强度，Ii表示所述第i个主要干扰源的干扰强度，Ir表示所述内部干扰的干扰强度。
可选的，所述处理器31根据第二公式计算所述第二传输速率，所述第二计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-000012
其中，R2表示所述第二传输速率，Ij表示所述第j个次要干扰源的干扰强度。
本实施例中，所述处理器31还用于：根据接收所述CCA报告时获得的接收功率得到所述信号强度；或者，接收所述STA发送的所述信号强度，所述信号强度是所述STA根据接收所述数据传输指示消息时获得的接收功率得到的。
可选的，所述STA向所述AP发送所述CCA报告所占用的时间等于所述STA向所述AP发送清除发送CTS消息所占用的时间。
可选的，所述数据传输指示消息中还包括：清除发送CTS消息的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述STA是否向所述AP返回CTS消息。
本实施例的AP，可用于执行实施例一、实施例三、实施例四提供的方法，具体实现方式和技术效果类似，这里不再赘述。
图17为本发明实施例十提供的STA的结构示意图，如图17所示，本实施例提供的STA400包括：处理器41、存储器42、通信接口43和系统总线44，所述存储器42和所述通信接口43通过所述系统总线44与所述处理器41连接并完成相互间的通信，所述存储器42用于存储计算机执行指令，所述通信接口43用于和其他设备进行通信，所述处理器41用于运行所述计算机执行指令，使所述STA400执行如下所述的方法：
在信道上接收AP发送的数据传输指示消息，所述数据传输指示消息用于通知所述STA所述AP有数据向所述STA发送，所述数据传输指示消息中包括所述STA的标识以及所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间；
根据所述数据传输指示消息获取所述信道的空闲信道评估CCA信息，所述CCA信息用于指示所述信道空闲、所述信道忙碌或者所述信道受到干扰；
若所述CCA信息指示所述信道受到干扰，则向所述AP发送所述CCA报告，以使所述AP根据CCA报告向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，所述CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、所述N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、所述每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及所述信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，所述内部干扰的干扰强度是指所述N个干扰源产生的干扰结束后所述信道受到的干扰强度，N为大于或等于1的正整数。
可选的，所述STA向所述AP发送所述CCA报告之前，所述处理器41还用于：确定所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间是否大于预设的时间阈值；若所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间大于所述时间阈值，则确定向所述AP发送所述CCA报告；若所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间小于或等于所述时间阈值，则确定向所述AP返回清除发送CTS消息。
可选的，所述数据传输指示消息中还包括：CTS消息的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述STA是否向所述AP返回CTS消息；若所述指示信息用于指示所述STA向所述AP返回CTS消息，则所述处理器41还用于：在向所述AP发送所述CCA报告之前或之后，向所述AP发送CTS消息。
本实施例的STA，可用于执行实施例二提供的方法，具体实现方式和技术效果类似，这里不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成，前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可 读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储介质包括：ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接入点AP在信道上向站点STA发送数据传输指示消息，所述数据传输指示消息用于通知所述STA所述AP有数据向所述STA发送，所述数据传输指示消息中包括所述STA的标识以及所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间；
    所述AP接收所述STA根据所述数据传输指示消息返回的所述信道的空闲信道评估CCA报告，所述CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、所述N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、所述每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及所述信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，所述内部干扰的干扰强度是指所述N个干扰源产生的干扰结束后所述信道受到的干扰强度，N为大于或等于1的正整数；
    所述AP根据所述N个干扰源的干扰强度，确定从所述N个干扰源中确定N1个主要干扰源和N2个次要干扰源，所述主要干扰源为所述N个干扰源中干扰强度较大的干扰源，所述次要干扰源为所述N个干扰源中干扰强度较小的干扰源，N1为大于或等于1的正整数，N2为大于或等于0的正整数，N＝N1+N2；
    所述AP根据已获取的所述信道上的信号强度、所述N个干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N个干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输待发送数据使用的第一传输速率；
    所述AP根据所述信号强度、所述N2个次要干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N2个次要干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输所述待发送数据使用的第二传输速率；
    所述AP根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，所述待发送的数据传输时间小于所述STA在所述N个干扰源的干扰存在时传输所述待发送数据所需的传输时间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述AP根据所述第一传 输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，包括：
    所述AP根据所述待发送数据的大小和所述第一传输速率计算第一传输时间；
    所述AP根据所述待发送数据的大小和所述第二传输速率计算第二传输时间；
    若所述第一传输时间大于所述第二传输时间与所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间之和，则所述AP在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰持续时间结束后，在所述信道上使用所述第二传输速率向所述STA传输所述待发送数据。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述AP在所述N1主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间结束前，使用所述第一传输速率在所述信道上向其他STA发送数据。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述AP根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，包括：
    所述AP将所述待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，所述第一子数据段在所述第二子数据段之前传输；
    所述AP使用所述第一传输速率在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述第一子数据段，所述AP使用所述第二传输速率在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述第二子数据段。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述AP将所述待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，包括：
    所述AP根据所述第一传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间计算在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小；
    所述AP根据所述AP在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小将所述待发送数据分为所述第一子数据段和所述第二 子数据段，所述第一子数据段的大小大于或等于所述AP在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述AP根据已获取的信号强度、所述N个干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N个干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输所述待发送数据使用的第一传输速率，包括：
    所述AP根据第一公式计算所述第一传输速率，所述第一公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-100001
    其中，R1表示所述第一传输速率，S表示所述信号强度，Ii表示所述第i个主要干扰源的干扰强度，Ir表示所述内部干扰的干扰强度；
    所述AP根据所述信号强度、所述N2个次要干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N2个次要干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输所述待发送数据使用的第二传输速率，包括：
    所述AP根据第二公式计算所述第二传输速率，所述第二计算公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-100002
    其中，R2表示所述第二传输速率，Ij表示所述第j个次要干扰源的干扰强度。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述AP根据接收所述CCA报告时获得的接收功率得到所述信号强度；
    或者，所述AP接收所述STA发送的所述信号强度，所述信号强度是所述STA根据接收所述数据传输指示消息时获得的接收功率得到的。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述STA向所述AP发送所述CCA报告所占用的时间等于所述STA向所述AP发送清除发送CTS消息所占用的时间。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据传输指示消息中还包括：清除发送CTS消息的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述STA是否向所述AP返回CTS消息。
  10. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    站点STA在信道上接收接入点AP发送的数据传输指示消息，所述数据传输指示消息用于通知所述STA所述AP有数据向所述STA发送，所述数据传输指示消息中包括所述STA的标识以及所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间；
    所述STA根据所述数据传输指示消息获取所述信道的空闲信道评估CCA信息，所述CCA信息用于指示所述信道空闲、所述信道忙碌或者所述信道受到干扰；
    若所述CCA信息指示所述信道受到干扰，则所述STA向所述AP发送所述CCA报告，以使所述AP根据CCA报告向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，所述CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、所述N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、所述每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及所述信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，所述内部干扰的干扰强度是指所述N个干扰源产生的干扰结束后所述信道受到的干扰强度，N为大于或等于1的正整数。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述STA向所述AP发送所述CCA报告之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述STA确定所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间是否大于预设的时间阈值；
    若所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间大于所述时间阈值，则所述STA确定向所述AP发送所述CCA报告；
    若所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间小于或等于所述时间阈值，则所述STA确定向所述AP返回清除发送CTS消息。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据传输指示消 息中还包括：清除发送CTS消息的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述STA是否向所述AP返回CTS消息；
    若所述指示信息用于指示所述STA向所述AP返回CTS消息，则所述方法还包括：
    所述STA在向所述AP发送所述CCA报告之前或之后，向所述AP发送CTS消息。
  13. 一种接入点AP，其特征在于，包括：
    发送模块，用于在信道上向站点STA发送数据传输指示消息，所述数据传输指示消息用于通知所述STA所述AP有数据向所述STA发送，所述数据传输指示消息中包括所述STA的标识以及所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间；
    接收模块，用于接收所述STA根据所述数据传输指示消息返回的所述信道的空闲信道评估CCA报告，所述CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、所述N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、所述每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及所述信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，所述内部干扰的干扰强度是指所述N个干扰源产生的干扰结束后所述信道受到的干扰强度，N为大于或等于1的正整数；
    处理模块，用于根据所述N个干扰源的干扰强度，确定从所述N个干扰源中确定N1个主要干扰源和N2个次要干扰源，所述主要干扰源为所述N个干扰源中干扰强度较大的干扰源，所述次要干扰源为所述N个干扰源中干扰强度较小的干扰源，N1为大于或等于1的正整数，N2为大于或等于0的正整数，N＝N1+N2；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据已获取的所述信道上的信号强度、所述N个干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N个干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输待发送数据使用的第一传输速率；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述信号强度、所述N2个次要干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N2个次要干 扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输所述待发送数据使用的第二传输速率；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，所述待发送的数据传输时间小于所述STA在所述N个干扰源的干扰存在时传输所述待发送数据所需的传输时间。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的AP，其特征在于，所述处理模块根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，具体为：
    根据所述待发送数据的大小和所述第一传输速率计算第一传输时间；
    根据所述待发送数据的大小和所述第二传输速率计算第二传输时间；
    若所述第一传输时间大于所述第二传输时间与所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间之和，则在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰持续时间结束后，在所述信道上使用所述第二传输速率向所述STA传输所述待发送数据。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的AP，其特征在于，所述发送模块还用于：
    在所述N1主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间结束前，使用所述第一传输速率在所述信道上向其他STA发送数据。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的AP，其特征在于，所述处理模块根据所述第一传输速率、所述第二传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的剩余干扰时间，在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，具体为：
    将所述待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，所述第一子数据段在所述第二子数据段之前传输；
    使用所述第一传输速率在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述第一子数据段，使用所述第二传输速率在所述信道上向所述STA传输所述第二子数据段。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的AP，其特征在于，所述处理模块将所述待发送数据分为第一子数据段和第二子数据段，具体为：
    根据所述第一传输速率和所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间计算在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小；
    根据所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小将所述待发送数据分为所述第一子数据段和所述第二子数据段，所述第一子数据段的大小大于或等于所述AP在所述N1个主要干扰源的最大剩余干扰时间内能够传输的数据的大小。
  18. 根据权利要求13-17中任一项所述的AP，其特征在于，所述处理模块根据已获取的信号强度、所述N个干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N个干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输所述待发送数据使用的第一传输速率，具体为：
    根据第一公式计算所述第一传输速率，所述第一公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-100003
    其中，R1表示所述第一传输速率，S表示所述信号强度，Ii表示所述第i个主要干扰源的干扰强度，Ir表示所述内部干扰的干扰强度；
    所述处理模块根据所述信号强度、所述N2个次要干扰源的干扰强度和所述内部干扰的干扰强度，计算所述AP在所述N2个次要干扰源和所述内部干扰同时存在时传输所述待发送数据使用的第二传输速率，具体为：
    根据第二公式计算所述第二传输速率，所述第二计算公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2015081933-appb-100004
    其中，R2表示所述第二传输速率，Ij表示所述第j个次要干扰源的干扰强度。
  19. 根据权利要求13-18中任一项所述的AP，其特征在于，所述接 收模块还用于：
    根据接收所述CCA报告时获得的接收功率得到所述信号强度；
    或者，接收所述STA发送的所述信号强度，所述信号强度是所述STA根据接收所述数据传输指示消息时获得的接收功率得到的。
  20. 根据权利要求13-19中任一项所述的AP，其特征在于，所述STA向所述AP发送所述CCA报告所占用的时间等于所述STA向所述AP发送清除发送CTS消息所占用的时间。
  21. 根据权利要求13所述的AP，其特征在于，所述数据传输指示消息中还包括：清除发送CTS消息的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述STA是否向所述AP返回CTS消息。
  22. 一种站点STA，其特征在于，包括：
    接收模块，用于在信道上接收接入点AP发送的数据传输指示消息，所述数据传输指示消息用于通知所述STA所述AP有数据向所述STA发送，所述数据传输指示消息中包括所述STA的标识以及所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间；
    获取模块，用于根据所述数据传输指示消息获取所述信道的空闲信道评估CCA信息，所述CCA信息用于指示所述信道空闲、所述信道忙碌或者所述信道受到干扰；
    发送模块，用于若所述CCA信息指示所述信道受到干扰，则向所述AP发送所述CCA报告，以使所述AP根据CCA报告向所述STA传输所述待发送数据，所述CCA报告包括：N个干扰源的标识、所述N个干扰源中每个干扰源产生的干扰强度、所述每个干扰源的剩余干扰时间以及所述信道的内部干扰的干扰强度，所述内部干扰的干扰强度是指所述N个干扰源产生的干扰结束后所述信道受到的干扰强度，N为大于或等于1的正整数。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的STA，其特征在于，还包括：
    确定模块，用于在所述发送模块向所述AP发送所述CCA报告之前，确定所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述 信道的时间是否大于预设的时间阈值；
    若所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间大于所述时间阈值，则确定向所述AP发送所述CCA报告；
    若所述数据传输指示消息中包括的所述AP向所述STA发送数据占用所述信道的时间小于或等于所述时间阈值，则确定向所述AP返回清除发送CTS消息。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的STA，其特征在于，所述数据传输指示消息中还包括：清除发送CTS消息的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述STA是否向所述AP返回CTS消息；
    若所述指示信息用于指示所述STA向所述AP返回CTS消息，则所述发送模块还用于：
    在向所述AP发送所述CCA报告之前或之后，向所述AP发送CTS消息。
  25. 一种接入点AP，其特征在于，包括：处理器、存储器、通信接口和系统总线，所述存储器和所述通信接口通过所述系统总线与所述处理器连接并完成相互间的通信，所述存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，所述通信接口用于和其他设备进行通信，所述处理器用于运行所述计算机执行指令，使所述AP执行如权利要求1-9任一所述的方法。
  26. 一种站点STA，其特征在于，包括：处理器、存储器、通信接口和系统总线，所述存储器和所述通信接口通过所述系统总线与所述处理器连接并完成相互间的通信，所述存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，所述通信接口用于和其他设备进行通信，所述处理器用于运行所述计算机执行指令，使所述STA执行如权利要求10-12任一所述的方法。
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CN109842898A (zh) * 2017-11-25 2019-06-04 华为技术有限公司 一种降低站点干扰的方法及设备
CN109842898B (zh) * 2017-11-25 2021-08-03 华为技术有限公司 一种降低站点干扰的方法及设备
CN112309110A (zh) * 2019-11-05 2021-02-02 戚建民 基于大数据通信的拥堵检测系统
CN112309110B (zh) * 2019-11-05 2022-06-24 山东智和创信息技术有限公司 基于大数据通信的拥堵检测系统

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