WO2016199727A1 - Separation membrane unit and separation membrane element - Google Patents

Separation membrane unit and separation membrane element Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016199727A1
WO2016199727A1 PCT/JP2016/066788 JP2016066788W WO2016199727A1 WO 2016199727 A1 WO2016199727 A1 WO 2016199727A1 JP 2016066788 W JP2016066788 W JP 2016066788W WO 2016199727 A1 WO2016199727 A1 WO 2016199727A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
separation membrane
flow path
recess
laminate
channel
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PCT/JP2016/066788
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
康弘 宇田
誠 小泓
友葉 岡▲崎▼
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日東電工株式会社
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Publication of WO2016199727A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016199727A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
    • B01D63/089—Modules where the membrane is in the form of a bag, membrane cushion or pad
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a separation membrane unit for separating a liquid or the like by a sheet-like separation membrane, a separation membrane laminate in which the liquid is laminated, and a separation membrane element using the same, and can be used for various membrane separation methods. However, it is particularly useful as a separation membrane element used in the forward osmosis membrane separation method.
  • Patent Document 2 a laminated membrane separation device in which two flow paths in a membrane leaf can flow linearly.
  • a plurality of cylindrical sheet-shaped separation membranes with a permeate-side flow path material inserted therein are stacked at intervals, and the cylindrical sheet-shaped separation membranes are opened on two sides.
  • a permeate discharge unit is provided, and the remaining two sides are provided with a stock solution supply unit and a concentrate discharge unit.
  • This structure of the membrane separation apparatus is convenient for reducing the pressure loss because the flow path is linear.
  • the membrane separation device described in Patent Document 2 is prepared in such a manner that a cylindrical sheet-like separation membrane in which a flow path material is disposed is prepared in advance, and a plurality of these are stacked and the flow path is opened. Since it is necessary to seal a part with a sealing material, the manufacturing process of the separation membrane laminated body was very complicated.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a separation membrane unit that can easily produce a separation membrane laminate, has good handling properties, and can simplify the structure for forming a flow path, the laminate, and the same. It is to provide a separation membrane element.
  • the separation membrane unit of the present invention includes a partition member having a first channel recess on one surface and a second channel recess on the other surface, and the first channel recess or the second channel recess. And a sheet-like separation membrane disposed so as to cover the surface.
  • the first channel is formed by the first channel recess so as to be in contact with both surfaces of the sheet-like separation membrane only by stacking a plurality of partition members and sheet-like separation membranes alternately.
  • the second flow path is formed by the second flow path recess.
  • the first channel and the second channel can be communicated with the end surface of the laminate by the first channel recess and the second channel recess.
  • the partition member has a function of reinforcing the laminated body, the handling of the laminated body is improved, and the flow path is opened at the end face of the strong laminated body, so that the structure for forming the flow path can be simplified. Can be formed.
  • the flow path direction of the first flow path recess and the flow path direction of the second flow path recess intersect at an angle of 60 to 120 °. According to such a structure, the 1st flow path and 2nd flow path of a laminated body can be arrange
  • the sheet-like separation membrane has a shape having four sides, the first channel recess is arranged in a direction along two opposite sides of the sheet-like separation membrane, and the remaining second channel recess is opposed. It is preferable that it is arranged in a direction along the two sides. According to such a structure, the first flow path and the second flow path of the laminated body can be arranged to be open on the two opposite sides of the four sides and the remaining two sides. The structure for forming is also simpler.
  • the first channel recess or the second channel recess further includes a channel material for holding the channel space.
  • the first flow path and the second flow path can be more reliably formed so as to be in contact with both surfaces of the sheet-like separation membrane.
  • the separation membrane laminate of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the separation membrane units described above are laminated. According to the separation membrane laminate of the present invention, since it is formed by the separation membrane unit having the above-described effects, it can be easily manufactured, has good handling properties, and has a simple structure for forming a flow path.
  • the separation membrane laminate can be provided.
  • the separation membrane element of the present invention includes a separation membrane laminate in which a plurality of the separation membrane units described above are laminated, and a first space communicating from both sides with the first flow path recess of the separation membrane laminate.
  • the separation membrane laminate can be easily manufactured, the handling property is good, and the structure for forming the flow path using the first cover member and the second cover member is also simple. It will be something.
  • the separation membrane element of the present invention contains a separation membrane laminate in which a plurality of the separation membrane units described above are laminated, the separation membrane laminate, and includes a side wall portion, a bottom surface portion, and an upper surface portion.
  • a housing having two first space portions communicating between the inner surface and the end face of the laminate from both sides of the first flow path recess, and the second flow path recess.
  • a first liquid supply / discharge port provided in each of the first space portions, and a second liquid supply / discharge port provided in each of the second space portions. And an outlet.
  • the separation membrane stack is accommodated, and the two first space portions that communicate with the first channel from both sides, and the two second space portions that communicate with the second channel from both sides, Are formed in the housing, the members for forming the four spaces are not required individually. Further, since the housing is formed by the side wall portion, the bottom surface portion, and the top surface portion, the housings can be brought close to each other and stacked. As a result, it can be easily manufactured with a small number of parts, and space efficiency can be improved by using a plurality of stacked layers.
  • FIG. 1 It is a perspective view which shows an example of the separation membrane unit of this invention, (a) is an assembly drawing, (b) is the figure after an assembly.
  • the cross-sectional view which shows an example of the separation membrane element of this invention.
  • (a) is front sectional drawing,
  • (b) is side sectional drawing.
  • the disassembled perspective view which shows the other example of the separation membrane element of this invention.
  • the assembly perspective view which shows the other example of the separation membrane unit of this invention.
  • the separation membrane unit of the present invention includes a partition member 12 having a first flow path recess 12d on one surface and a second flow path recess 12e on the other surface, and a first flow path recess. 12d or the sheet-like separation membrane 10 disposed so as to cover the second flow path recess 12e.
  • a partition member 12 having a first flow path recess 12d on one surface and a second flow path recess 12e on the other surface, and a first flow path recess. 12d or the sheet-like separation membrane 10 disposed so as to cover the second flow path recess 12e.
  • the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e are further provided with flow path materials 13 and 14 for holding the flow path space.
  • the material constituting the partition member 12 may be any of resin, metal, ceramics, etc., but resin is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of molding and manufacturing cost.
  • the resin include a thermosetting resin, a thermoplastic resin, and a heat resistant resin.
  • thermoplastic resin examples include ABS resin, vinyl chloride resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylic resin, fluororesin, polyester, and polyamide.
  • heat resistant resin examples include polysulfone, polyethersulfone, aromatic polyimide, polyamide, and polyester.
  • thermosetting resin examples include epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, phenol resins, amino resins, polyurethane resins, silicone resins, and thermosetting polyimide resins. Of these, thermoplastic resins such as ABS resin and vinyl chloride resin are preferably used. These resins can be appropriately selected depending on the type of separation membrane and the use of the unit.
  • the long side is 200 to 1000 mm
  • the short side is 200 to 1000 mm
  • the height is about 20 to 500 mm.
  • the flow path direction of the first flow path recess 12d formed in the partition wall member 12 and the flow path direction of the second flow path recess 12e may be the same or different, but the flow path of the first flow path recess 12d Direction and the flow path direction of the second flow path recess 12e preferably intersect at an angle of 60 to 120 °, more preferably at an angle of 80 to 100 °, and at an angle of 90 °. Most preferably, they intersect. In the present embodiment, an example in which the two intersect at an angle of 90 ° is shown.
  • the flow path directions of the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e may be any direction with respect to each side of the partition wall member 12, but the sheet-like separation membrane 10 or the partition wall
  • the first channel recess 12d is arranged in a direction along two opposing sides of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 or the like, and the remaining two sides facing the second channel recess 12e. It is preferable that it is arranged in the direction along.
  • the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e are formed over two opposing sides of the partition wall member 12, so that the first flow path or the second flow is formed on the end surface of the laminate of the separation membrane units.
  • a path opening can be formed.
  • the separation membrane unit is From the viewpoint of liquid tightness at the time of lamination, the width is preferably 1 to 30 mm, more preferably 5 to 20 mm.
  • the depth of the first flow path recess 12d or the second flow path recess 12e is determined according to the thickness of the flow path materials 13 and 14.
  • the depth of the first flow path recess 12d or the second flow path recess 12e is preferably 0.1 to 2 mm, and more preferably 0.2 to 1 mm.
  • the sheet-like separation membrane 10 may be any of an ultrafiltration membrane, a nanofiltration membrane, a reverse osmosis membrane, a dialysis membrane, a forward osmosis membrane, etc.
  • the first flow path and the second flow path Since both can be made into a cross flow, it is particularly effective when the sheet-like separation membrane 10 is a forward osmosis membrane.
  • the sheet-like separation membrane 10 a material corresponding to the type of the membrane can be selected.
  • the porous support layer is a porous membrane formed of polysulfone, polyethersulfone, epoxy resin, polyamide, polyimide, or the like.
  • a nonwoven fabric formed of polyester, polyamide, polyolefin or the like is used.
  • the separation active layer examples include those formed of polyamide, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, vinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride-polyacrylonitrile copolymer, epoxy resin, polyimide, polyvinyl alcohol, and the like. It is also possible to use a single-layer separation membrane formed of these materials.
  • the thickness of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 is preferably 0.01 to 1.0 mm, more preferably 0.02 to 0.3 mm.
  • a net made of resin or the like, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or the like is preferably used as the opening shape of the net.
  • a triangle, a quadrangle (rhombus, square, rectangle, parallelogram, etc.), a hexagon, or the like is used as the opening shape of the net. Is mentioned.
  • the first channel material 13 has a three-layer structure
  • the thickness of the net is, for example, 0.12 to 2 mm.
  • the net yarn diameter constituting the net is, for example, 0.06 to 1 mm.
  • the net aperture ratio is 70 to 95%.
  • Examples of the material of the first flow path material 13 include materials mainly composed of polypropylene, polyethylene, polysulfone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyphenylene sulfide polyphenylene ether, polycarbonate, and nylon.
  • a net made of resin or the like, woven fabric, knitted fabric, or the like is preferably used as the opening shape of the net.
  • a triangle, a quadrangle (rhombus, square, rectangle, parallelogram, etc.), a hexagon, and the like Is mentioned.
  • the thickness of the net is, for example, 0.12 to 2 mm.
  • the net yarn diameter constituting the net is, for example, 0.06 to 1 mm.
  • the net aperture ratio is 70 to 95%.
  • Examples of the material of the second flow path material 14 include materials mainly composed of polypropylene, polyethylene, polysulfone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyphenylene sulfide polyphenylene ether, polycarbonate, and nylon.
  • the partition wall member 12 and the sheet-like separation membrane 10 are preferably fixed at any part. From the viewpoint of enhancing liquid tightness, the end portions 12a on both sides of the partition wall member 12 are used. It is more preferable that the sheet-like separation membrane 10 is fixed.
  • the partition wall member 12 and the flow path materials 13 and 14 are separate. However, it is preferable that it is fixed to the sheet-like separation membrane 10 at any site from the viewpoint of handling properties.
  • the partition member 12 is molded, it is possible to fix part of the flow path members 13 and 14 or to mold both of them integrally.
  • the sheet-like separation membrane 10 has sufficient rigidity with respect to the operating pressure.
  • a plurality of convex portions are provided on the bottom surfaces of the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e. Is also possible.
  • the height of the convex part is preferably slightly lower depending on the depth of the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e or the depth thereof.
  • FIG. 6A is an example in which a plurality of ridges (ribs) 12b are provided along the flow path direction on the bottom surfaces of the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the ridge 12b may be any of a square, a semicircle, and the like in addition to a triangle.
  • FIG. 6B is an example in which a plurality of convex portions 12c are provided along the flow path direction on the bottom surfaces of the first flow path concave portion 12d and the second flow path concave portion 12e.
  • a planar view shape of the convex part 12c any of a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a triangular shape, a hexagonal shape, etc. may be used in addition to a square shape such as a rhombus.
  • the example in which the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e are respectively provided on the front and back of the partition wall member 12 has been described.
  • a plurality of second flow path recesses 12e may be provided on the front and back of the partition wall member 12, respectively. Even in the case of such a structure, the channel material can be omitted. It is also possible to provide a channel material in each of the plurality of first channel recesses 12d and second channel recesses 12e.
  • the shape of the partition wall member 12 in plan view is a rectangle.
  • the shape of the partition wall member 12 in plan view may be any shape, and may be a rectangle, pentagon, or hexagon other than a rectangle. Alternatively, it may be circular or elliptical. That is, in the present invention, the opening of the flow path formed on the end face of the partition wall member 12 may not be linear.
  • the separation membrane laminate of the present invention is a laminate in which a plurality of separation membrane units U as described above are laminated.
  • the first flow path opens to two opposite sides of the laminate 11 and communicates from one end surface to one surface of the sheet-like separation membrane 10.
  • P1 and a second flow path P2 that opens to the remaining two sides of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 and communicates from the end surfaces on both sides to the other surface of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 can be formed.
  • the number of separation membrane units U in the separation membrane laminate 11 is, for example, 2 to 200, and preferably 20 to 100.
  • the laminate 11 includes a plurality of sheet-like separation membranes 10 having four sides, a plurality of first flow passage members 13 arranged on the first flow passage side of the sheet-like separation membrane 10, and a second flow passage side.
  • the separation membrane units U When stacking, it is necessary to fix the separation membrane units U together so that the first flow path P1 and the second flow path P2 communicating with both surfaces of the separation membrane unit U do not circulate with each other. Therefore, the end portions 12a on both sides provided on one surface in the vicinity of the two opposing sides of the partition wall member 12 and the end portions of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 are fixed so as to be liquid-tight. Moreover, the edge part 12a of the both sides provided in the other surface of the vicinity of the remaining two opposite sides and the edge part of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 are fixed so as to be liquid-tight.
  • edge part 12a provided in four places of the partition member 12 is being fixed to the sheet-like separation membrane 10 over the full length, and the edge part 12a provided in four places is the substantially whole surface. More preferably, it is fixed to the sheet-like separation membrane 10.
  • the separation membrane units U in which the sheet-like separation membrane 10 and the partition member 12 are integrated may be fixed together by adhesion or the like, but the adjacent partition member 12 with the sheet-like separation membrane 10 interposed therebetween. They may be fixed in a liquid-tight state by bonding or the like.
  • the separation membrane laminate of the present invention may be a laminate in which a plurality of separation membrane units U are not fixed to each other and are laminated separately.
  • the partition members 12 arranged on both the uppermost and lowermost sides of the laminate 11 have a function as the outer wall plate 18, and the first flow path recess 12 d and the second flow path are formed on the uppermost surface and the lowermost surface.
  • the channel recess 12e is not provided.
  • an outer wall plate 18 that does not have the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e may be separately provided on both sides.
  • the separation membrane element of the present invention includes a separation membrane laminate 11 in which a plurality of separation membrane units U as described above are laminated.
  • the separation membrane stacked body 11 is preferably formed by fixing the separation membrane units U to each other, but may be a plurality of separated membrane units U stacked together without being fixed to each other. Even in this case, it is possible to maintain the liquid tightness between the flow paths by bringing the separation membrane laminates 11 into close contact with each other by a housing or the like.
  • the separation membrane element of the present embodiment includes the separation membrane laminate 11 and first space portions 21a and 21b communicating with the first flow path recess 12d of the separation membrane laminate 11 from both sides.
  • the first cover members 31a and 31b having the first liquid supply / discharge ports 23a to 23b and the second space portions 22a and 22b communicating with the second flow path recess 12e of the separation membrane laminate 11 from both sides are formed.
  • Examples of the material of the first cover members 31a and 31b and the second cover members 32a and 32b include resins such as vinyl chloride, polycarbonate, and polypropylene, fiber reinforced resins obtained by reinforcing various resins with fibers such as glass, aluminum, and copper. Metals, ceramics, etc. can be used, but fiber reinforced resins are most preferred.
  • the first cover members 31a and 31b and the second cover members 32a and 32b can be fixed to the end face of the separation membrane laminate 11 by adhesion or the like. In addition, it is also possible to use what integrated one part or all of 1st cover member 31a, 31b and 2nd cover member 32a, 32b.
  • a pipe for supplying and discharging the first liquid or the second liquid is connected to the supply / discharge ports 23a to 24b through a connecting member as necessary.
  • a low-concentration liquid for example, fresh water FW, liquid to be treated FS, etc.
  • the high concentration liquid for example, seawater SW, draw solution DS, etc.
  • the element can be used for forward osmosis membrane separation.
  • the raw liquid is supplied from the supply / discharge port 24a and the permeate separated by the separation membrane is discharged from the supply / discharge port 23b while discharging the concentrate from the supply / discharge port 24b. It becomes possible to do. At this time, it is also possible to perform membrane separation while supplying the sweep flow from the supply / discharge port 23a.
  • cylindrical second cover member 32c can form the second space portions 22a and 22b communicating with the second flow path recess 12e of the separation membrane laminate 11 from both sides.
  • first space member communicated from both sides to the first flow path recess 12d of the separation membrane laminate 11 by the flat plate-like first cover members 31a and 31b provided at both ends of the cylindrical second cover member 32c. 21a and 21b can be formed.
  • the separation membrane element of the present invention houses a laminate 11 in which a plurality of separation membrane units U are laminated, the laminate 11, and includes a side wall portion 35 and a bottom portion 36.
  • the housing 30 which has the upper surface part 37 may be provided.
  • the illustrated example shows an example in which the side wall 35 of the housing 30 is cylindrical.
  • resins such as vinyl chloride, polycarbonate, and polypropylene
  • fiber reinforced resins obtained by reinforcing various resins with fibers such as glass, metals such as aluminum and copper, ceramics, and the like can be used. Is most preferred.
  • the housing 30 is formed by integrally molding the side wall portion 35 and the bottom surface portion 36, and after housing the laminate 11, the upper surface portion 37 is bonded, welded, or the like to join the supply / discharge ports 23a to 24b.
  • the part other than can be made into a liquid-tight structure.
  • Two second spaces 22a and 22b are provided.
  • the separation membrane element is used, the first liquid and the second liquid are filled in the first space 21a and 21b and the second space 22a and 22b, respectively, as necessary.
  • the housing 30 may be of a size that can accommodate the laminate 11, but the effective membrane area can be reduced by making the corner of the laminate 11 close to the inner surface of the side wall portion 35. It is preferable from the viewpoint of easily sealing the corner while increasing the number. In that case, the inner surface of the side wall portion 35 and the corner portion of the laminated body 11 can be sealed with a sealing resin, but an elastic body (not shown) is interposed between the two and adjacent to each other. The space portions may be sealed.
  • a method of sealing the bottom surface and the bottom surface portion 36 of the laminated body 11 by adhesion, or a method of sealing using a sealing material made of an elastic body can be mentioned.
  • the sealing between the upper surface of the laminated body 11 and the upper surface portion 37 can be similarly performed.
  • the elastic body rubber, thermoplastic elastomer or the like can be used, and the cross-sectional shape is preferably L-shaped or U-shaped so that it can be easily circumscribed on the corner of the laminate 11. Moreover, it is also possible to use an elastic body having a shape that circumscribes all the sides (12 sides) of the laminate 11. Thereby, a seal
  • the housing 30 includes first liquid supply / discharge ports 23a, 23b provided in the first spaces 21a, 21b, and second liquid supply / discharge ports 24a, 24b provided in the second spaces 22a, 22b, respectively. And having.
  • the first liquid supply / discharge ports 23 a and 23 b of the housing 30 are provided in the bottom surface portion 36 and the top surface portion 37
  • the second liquid supply and discharge ports 24 a and 24 b are provided in the bottom surface portion 36 and the top surface portion 37.
  • These supply / discharge ports 23a to 24b can supply and discharge the liquid using a connected pipe.
  • the first space portions 21a and 21b and the second space portions 22a and 22b are provided with two upper and lower supply / discharge ports 23a to 24b.
  • the upper and lower supply / exhaust ports 23a to 24b that is closed at the top and bottom.
  • the shape of the housing 30 in plan view may be any.
  • it may be a polygon such as an ellipse, an octagon, a square, a diamond, or a hexagon.
  • Sheet-like separation membrane 11 Laminated body (separation membrane laminated body) 12 Bulkhead member 12d First flow path recess 12e Second flow path recess 13 First flow path material 14 Second flow path materials 21a, 21b First space portions 22a, 22b Second space portions 23a, 23b Supply and discharge of the first liquid Outlet 24a, 24b Second liquid supply / discharge port 30 Housing 35 Side wall 36 Bottom surface 37 Upper surface P1 First flow path P2 Second flow path U Separation membrane unit

Abstract

The objective of the present invention is to provide: a separation membrane unit that enables simple production of a separation membrane laminate, has good handling properties, and makes it possible to simplify the structure for forming a channel; a laminate of said separation membrane unit; and a separation membrane element that uses said laminate. This separation membrane unit is provided with: a partition wall member 12 that has a first channel recessed portion 12d on one surface and has a second channel recessed portion 12e on the other surface; and a sheet-like separation membrane 10 that is disposed so as to cover the first channel recessed portion 12d or the second channel recessed portion 12e. This separation membrane laminate is formed by laminating a plurality of the separation membrane units.

Description

分離膜ユニット及び分離膜エレメントSeparation membrane unit and separation membrane element
　本発明は、シート状分離膜により液体等を分離するための分離膜ユニット、これを積層した分離膜積層体、及びこれを用いた分離膜エレメントに関するものであり、種々の膜分離方式に使用可能であるが、特に正浸透膜分離方式に使用する分離膜エレメント等として有用である。 The present invention relates to a separation membrane unit for separating a liquid or the like by a sheet-like separation membrane, a separation membrane laminate in which the liquid is laminated, and a separation membrane element using the same, and can be used for various membrane separation methods. However, it is particularly useful as a separation membrane element used in the forward osmosis membrane separation method.
　排水処理、海水淡水化、浸透膜発電など、正浸透現象を用いた膜システムの開発、利用が活発化している。廃水処理では高浸透圧の液を用いて廃水中の水を抽出し、廃水を減容化することが検討されている。海水淡水化では前処理に用いることで海水の浸透圧を下げて省エネルギーを図ったり、濃縮水処理に用いることで濃縮水の塩濃度を下げて環境負荷を低減することが行われる。浸透膜発電では高濃度液と低濃度液の浸透圧差により水流を作り出して水力タービンを回し、環境に優しい再生可能エネルギーを創出する試みがなされている。このように正浸透現象を利用した技術開発が活発化しているため、それに用いることができる高効率で経済的、かつ信頼性の高い正浸透膜モジュールが強く求められている。 Development and use of membrane systems using forward osmosis, such as wastewater treatment, seawater desalination, and osmotic membrane power generation, are becoming more active. In wastewater treatment, it has been studied to extract water from wastewater using a high osmotic pressure liquid to reduce the volume of wastewater. In seawater desalination, energy saving is achieved by reducing the osmotic pressure of seawater by using it for pretreatment, or the environmental load is reduced by reducing the salt concentration of concentrated water by using it for concentrated water treatment. In osmotic membrane power generation, attempts have been made to create environmentally friendly renewable energy by creating a water flow by the difference in osmotic pressure between high-concentration liquid and low-concentration liquid and turning the hydro turbine. Thus, since technological development utilizing the forward osmosis phenomenon has been activated, a highly efficient, economical and reliable forward osmosis membrane module that can be used therefor is strongly demanded.
　正浸透膜モジュールに使用する分離膜エレメントにおいては、膜の両面に浸透圧の異なる液を流す必要がある。例えば、廃水の減容化を行う場合には、高浸透圧側にドローソリューション（Ｄｒａｗ　Ｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ、ＤＳ）、低浸透圧側に廃水（被処理液、Ｆｅｅｄ　Ｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ、ＦＳ）を供給し、ＤＳとＦＳの両方を流動させる必要がある。正浸透膜エレメントではＦＳ側からＤＳ側に水が移動することでＦＳの減容化が行われるが、両者のうちの一方でも流動させない場合は膜近傍の濃度分極層が発達して透過水量の著しい低下をもたらす。 In the separation membrane element used for the forward osmosis membrane module, it is necessary to flow liquids having different osmotic pressures on both sides of the membrane. For example, when reducing the volume of wastewater, supply a draw solution (Draw Solution, DS) to the high osmotic pressure side and waste water (processed liquid, Feed Solution, FS) to the low osmotic pressure side. Both DS and FS Need to flow. In the forward osmosis membrane element, the volume of FS is reduced by moving water from the FS side to the DS side. However, if one of the two is not allowed to flow, a concentration polarization layer near the membrane develops and the amount of permeated water is reduced. Cause a significant drop.
　スパイラル型正浸透膜エレメントにおいては、一方の流体を中心管の軸方向と平行に膜リーフの外部に流し（スパイラル逆浸透膜における供給水の流れ方向と同じ）、もう一方の流体は中心管の一方の端部から流入させ、膜リーフの内部を通って（スイープさせ）中心管のもう一方の端部から流出させる構造が知られている（例えば、特許文献１）。 In the spiral type forward osmosis membrane element, one fluid flows outside the membrane leaf in parallel with the axial direction of the central tube (the same as the flow direction of the feed water in the spiral reverse osmosis membrane), and the other fluid flows in the central tube. A structure is known in which the gas is introduced from one end, passed through the inside of the membrane leaf (swept), and discharged from the other end of the central tube (for example, Patent Document 1).
　しかし、スパイラル型の正浸透膜エレメントでは、膜リーフ内部の隅部に死水域を生じること、および流路を画すために膜面の一部を覆う接着樹脂ラインを設けることが必要であることから、膜面を有効に活用することが難しい。また、膜リーフ内の流路が蛇行して流路長が長くなることから、圧力損失が高くなるという問題もあった。 However, in the spiral type forward osmosis membrane element, it is necessary to create a dead water area at the corner inside the membrane leaf and to provide an adhesive resin line that covers a part of the membrane surface in order to define the flow path It is difficult to make effective use of the membrane surface. Moreover, since the flow path in the membrane leaf meanders and the flow path length becomes long, there is a problem that the pressure loss becomes high.
　一方、膜リーフ内の２つの流路が直線的に流動可能な構造になる積層型の膜分離装置が知られている（例えば、特許文献２）。この文献に記載された膜分離装置では、透過側流路材を内挿した筒状のシート状分離膜の複数が間隔を隔てて積層され、筒状のシート状分離膜が開口する二辺に透過液の排出部が設けられ、残りの二辺に原液の給液部と濃縮液の排出部が設けられている。この膜分離装置の構造は、流路が直線的であるため、低圧損化のためには好都合である。 On the other hand, there is known a laminated membrane separation device in which two flow paths in a membrane leaf can flow linearly (for example, Patent Document 2). In the membrane separation apparatus described in this document, a plurality of cylindrical sheet-shaped separation membranes with a permeate-side flow path material inserted therein are stacked at intervals, and the cylindrical sheet-shaped separation membranes are opened on two sides. A permeate discharge unit is provided, and the remaining two sides are provided with a stock solution supply unit and a concentrate discharge unit. This structure of the membrane separation apparatus is convenient for reducing the pressure loss because the flow path is linear.
米国特許４０３３８７８号明細書U.S. Pat. No. 4,033,878 特開平６－２７７４６３号公報JP-A-6-277463
　しかしながら、特許文献２に記載された膜分離装置は、流路材を内部に配置した筒状のシート状分離膜を予め作製した上で、これらを複数積層し、流路が開口するように端部を封止材で封止する必要があるため、分離膜積層体の製造工程が非常に煩雑となっていた。 However, the membrane separation device described in Patent Document 2 is prepared in such a manner that a cylindrical sheet-like separation membrane in which a flow path material is disposed is prepared in advance, and a plurality of these are stacked and the flow path is opened. Since it is necessary to seal a part with a sealing material, the manufacturing process of the separation membrane laminated body was very complicated.
　また、筒状のシート状分離膜の両側の端部のみが封止されているため、補強板を上下に設けないと、分離膜積層体のハンドリング性が悪く、また、筒状のシート状分離膜の外側に連通する流路を形成するための構造が複雑になるという問題もあった。 In addition, since only the ends on both sides of the cylindrical sheet-shaped separation membrane are sealed, if the reinforcing plates are not provided above and below, the handling property of the separation membrane laminate is poor, and the cylindrical sheet-shaped separation There is also a problem that the structure for forming the flow path communicating with the outside of the membrane is complicated.
　このような分離膜積層体のハンドリング性や製造性などの問題は、正浸透膜分離方式に限らず、種々の膜分離方式に共通して生じ得る課題である。 Such problems such as handling properties and manufacturability of the separation membrane laminate are problems that may occur not only in the forward osmosis membrane separation method but also in various membrane separation methods.
　そこで、本発明の目的は、分離膜積層体が簡易に製造でき、またハンドリング性も良好であり、流路を形成するための構造も簡易化できる分離膜ユニット、その積層体、及びこれを用いた分離膜エレメントを提供することにある。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a separation membrane unit that can easily produce a separation membrane laminate, has good handling properties, and can simplify the structure for forming a flow path, the laminate, and the same. It is to provide a separation membrane element.
　上記目的は、下記の如き本発明により達成できる。　　　
　即ち、本発明の分離膜ユニットは、第１流路凹部を一方の面に有し第２流路凹部を他方の面に有する隔壁部材と、前記第１流路凹部又は前記第２流路凹部を覆って配置されたシート状分離膜と、を備えることを特徴とする。 The above object can be achieved by the present invention as described below.
That is, the separation membrane unit of the present invention includes a partition member having a first channel recess on one surface and a second channel recess on the other surface, and the first channel recess or the second channel recess. And a sheet-like separation membrane disposed so as to cover the surface.
　本発明の分離膜ユニットによると、隔壁部材とシート状分離膜とを交互に複数積層するだけで、シート状分離膜の両面に接するように、第１流路凹部により第１流路が形成され、第２流路凹部により第２流路が形成される。その際、第１流路凹部と第２流路凹部により、第１流路と第２流路とを積層体の端面に連通させることができる。また、隔壁部材が積層体の補強機能を有するため、積層体のハンドリング性も良好となると共に、強固な積層体の端面に流路が開口するため、流路を形成するための構造も簡易に形成することができるようになる。その結果、分離膜積層体が簡易に製造でき、またハンドリング性も良好であり、流路を形成するための構造も簡易化できる分離膜ユニットを提供できる。 According to the separation membrane unit of the present invention, the first channel is formed by the first channel recess so as to be in contact with both surfaces of the sheet-like separation membrane only by stacking a plurality of partition members and sheet-like separation membranes alternately. The second flow path is formed by the second flow path recess. At that time, the first channel and the second channel can be communicated with the end surface of the laminate by the first channel recess and the second channel recess. In addition, since the partition member has a function of reinforcing the laminated body, the handling of the laminated body is improved, and the flow path is opened at the end face of the strong laminated body, so that the structure for forming the flow path can be simplified. Can be formed. As a result, it is possible to provide a separation membrane unit in which a separation membrane laminate can be easily produced, handling properties are good, and a structure for forming a flow path can be simplified.
　上記において、前記第１流路凹部の流路方向と前記第２流路凹部の流路方向とが６０～１２０°の角度で交差していることが好ましい。このような構造によると、積層体の第１流路と第２流路とを異なる部位に配置することができ、流路を形成するための構造もより簡易なものとなる。 In the above, it is preferable that the flow path direction of the first flow path recess and the flow path direction of the second flow path recess intersect at an angle of 60 to 120 °. According to such a structure, the 1st flow path and 2nd flow path of a laminated body can be arrange | positioned in a different site | part, and the structure for forming a flow path will also become simpler.
　また、前記シート状分離膜が４辺を有する形状であり、前記第１流路凹部が前記シート状分離膜の対向する二辺に沿う方向に配され、前記第２流路凹部が対向する残りの二辺に沿う方向に配されていることが好ましい。このような構造によると、積層体の第１流路と第２流路とを、４辺のうち対向する二辺と残りの二辺とに開口して配置することができるため、流路を形成するための構造もより簡易なものとなる。 Further, the sheet-like separation membrane has a shape having four sides, the first channel recess is arranged in a direction along two opposite sides of the sheet-like separation membrane, and the remaining second channel recess is opposed. It is preferable that it is arranged in a direction along the two sides. According to such a structure, the first flow path and the second flow path of the laminated body can be arranged to be open on the two opposite sides of the four sides and the remaining two sides. The structure for forming is also simpler.
　また、前記第１流路凹部又は前記第２流路凹部には、流路空間を保持するための流路材を更に備えることが好ましい。このような構造にすることで、シート状分離膜の両面に接するように、第１流路と第２流路とをより確実に形成することができる。 Moreover, it is preferable that the first channel recess or the second channel recess further includes a channel material for holding the channel space. With such a structure, the first flow path and the second flow path can be more reliably formed so as to be in contact with both surfaces of the sheet-like separation membrane.
　一方、本発明の分離膜積層体は、上記いずれかに記載の分離膜ユニットが複数積層されていることを特徴とする。本発明の分離膜積層体によると、上記のごとき作用効果を有する分離膜ユニットにより形成されているため、簡易に製造でき、またハンドリング性も良好であり、流路を形成するための構造も簡易化できる分離膜積層体を提供できる。 On the other hand, the separation membrane laminate of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the separation membrane units described above are laminated. According to the separation membrane laminate of the present invention, since it is formed by the separation membrane unit having the above-described effects, it can be easily manufactured, has good handling properties, and has a simple structure for forming a flow path. The separation membrane laminate can be provided.
　他方、本発明の分離膜エレメントは、上記いずれかに記載の分離膜ユニットが複数積層されている分離膜積層体と、前記分離膜積層体の第１流路凹部に両側から連通する第１空間部を形成し、第１液体の給排出口を有する第１カバー部材と、前記分離膜積層体の第２流路凹部に両側から連通する第２空間部を形成し、第２液体の給排出口を有する第２カバー部材と、を備えることを特徴とする。 On the other hand, the separation membrane element of the present invention includes a separation membrane laminate in which a plurality of the separation membrane units described above are laminated, and a first space communicating from both sides with the first flow path recess of the separation membrane laminate. A first cover member having a first liquid supply / discharge port, and a second space communicating from both sides to the second flow path recess of the separation membrane laminate, to supply and discharge the second liquid And a second cover member having an outlet.
　本発明の分離膜エレメントによると、分離膜積層体が簡易に製造でき、またハンドリング性も良好であり、第１カバー部材と第２カバー部材を用いた、流路を形成するための構造も簡易なものとなる。 According to the separation membrane element of the present invention, the separation membrane laminate can be easily manufactured, the handling property is good, and the structure for forming the flow path using the first cover member and the second cover member is also simple. It will be something.
　また、本発明の分離膜エレメントは、上記いずれかに記載の分離膜ユニットが複数積層されている分離膜積層体と、前記分離膜積層体を収容し、側壁部と底面部と上面部とを有するハウジングと、を備え、前記ハウジングは、その内面と前記積層体の端面との間に、前記第１流路凹部に両側から連通する２つの第１空間部と、前記第２流路凹部に両側から連通する２つの第２空間部とを有すると共に、前記第１空間部の各々に設けた第１液体の給排出口と、前記第２空間部の各々に設けた第２液体の給排出口と、を有することを特徴とする。この分離膜エレメントによると、前記分離膜積層体を収容して、第１流路に両側から連通する２つの第１空間部と、第２流路に両側から連通する２つの第２空間部とを、ハウジング内に形成しているため、４つの空間部を形成するための部材が個々に必要でなくなる。また、ハウジングが側壁部と底面部と上面部とで形成される構造のため、ハウジング同士を接近して併設、積層することが可能となる。その結果、少ない部品点数で簡易に製造でき、また複数を積層して使用することでスペース効率を高めることができる。 The separation membrane element of the present invention contains a separation membrane laminate in which a plurality of the separation membrane units described above are laminated, the separation membrane laminate, and includes a side wall portion, a bottom surface portion, and an upper surface portion. A housing having two first space portions communicating between the inner surface and the end face of the laminate from both sides of the first flow path recess, and the second flow path recess. A first liquid supply / discharge port provided in each of the first space portions, and a second liquid supply / discharge port provided in each of the second space portions. And an outlet. According to the separation membrane element, the separation membrane stack is accommodated, and the two first space portions that communicate with the first channel from both sides, and the two second space portions that communicate with the second channel from both sides, Are formed in the housing, the members for forming the four spaces are not required individually. Further, since the housing is formed by the side wall portion, the bottom surface portion, and the top surface portion, the housings can be brought close to each other and stacked. As a result, it can be easily manufactured with a small number of parts, and space efficiency can be improved by using a plurality of stacked layers.
本発明の分離膜ユニットの一例を示す斜視図であり、（ａ）は組立図、（ｂ）は組立後の図。It is a perspective view which shows an example of the separation membrane unit of this invention, (a) is an assembly drawing, (b) is the figure after an assembly. 本発明の分離膜ユニットの一例を積層した積層体を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the laminated body which laminated | stacked an example of the separation membrane unit of this invention. 本発明の分離膜エレメントの一例を示す横断面図。The cross-sectional view which shows an example of the separation membrane element of this invention. 本発明の分離膜エレメントの他の例示す図であり、（ａ）は正面視断面図、（ｂ）は側面視断面図。It is a figure which shows the other example of the separation membrane element of this invention, (a) is front sectional drawing, (b) is side sectional drawing. 本発明の分離膜エレメントの他の例示す分解斜視図。The disassembled perspective view which shows the other example of the separation membrane element of this invention. 本発明の分離膜ユニットの他の例を示す組立斜視図。The assembly perspective view which shows the other example of the separation membrane unit of this invention.
　（分離膜ユニット）
　本発明の分離膜ユニットは、図１に示すように、第１流路凹部１２ｄを一方の面に有し第２流路凹部１２ｅを他方の面に有する隔壁部材１２と、第１流路凹部１２ｄ又は第２流路凹部１２ｅを覆って配置されたシート状分離膜１０と、を備えている。本実施形態では、第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅに、流路空間を保持するための流路材１３、１４を更に備える例を示す。 (Separation membrane unit)
As shown in FIG. 1, the separation membrane unit of the present invention includes a partition member 12 having a first flow path recess 12d on one surface and a second flow path recess 12e on the other surface, and a first flow path recess. 12d or the sheet-like separation membrane 10 disposed so as to cover the second flow path recess 12e. In this embodiment, an example is shown in which the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e are further provided with flow path materials 13 and 14 for holding the flow path space.
　隔壁部材１２を構成する材料としては、樹脂、金属、セラミックスなど何れでもよいが、成形のし易さや製造コストなどの観点から樹脂が好ましい。樹脂としては、熱硬化性樹脂、熱可塑性樹脂、耐熱性樹脂などが挙げられる。 The material constituting the partition member 12 may be any of resin, metal, ceramics, etc., but resin is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of molding and manufacturing cost. Examples of the resin include a thermosetting resin, a thermoplastic resin, and a heat resistant resin.
　熱可塑性樹脂としては、ABS樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、アクリル樹脂、フッ素樹脂、ポリエステル、ポリアミドなどが挙げられる。また、耐熱性樹脂としては、ポリスルホン、ポリエーテルサルホン、芳香族系のポリイミド、ポリアミド、ポリエステルなどが挙げられる。熱硬化性樹脂としては、エポキシ樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、フェノール樹脂、アミノ樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、または熱硬化性ポリイミド樹脂等が挙げられる。なかでも、ABS樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂などの熱可塑性樹脂が好ましく用いられる。これらの樹脂は、分離膜の種類およびユニットの用途により適宜選択することが可能である。 Examples of the thermoplastic resin include ABS resin, vinyl chloride resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylic resin, fluororesin, polyester, and polyamide. Examples of the heat resistant resin include polysulfone, polyethersulfone, aromatic polyimide, polyamide, and polyester. Examples of the thermosetting resin include epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, phenol resins, amino resins, polyurethane resins, silicone resins, and thermosetting polyimide resins. Of these, thermoplastic resins such as ABS resin and vinyl chloride resin are preferably used. These resins can be appropriately selected depending on the type of separation membrane and the use of the unit.
　隔壁部材１２の外形のサイズとしては、直方体形状の場合、例えば長辺が２００～１０００ｍｍ、短辺が２００～１０００ｍｍ、高さが２０～５００ｍｍ程度である。 As the size of the outer shape of the partition member 12, in the case of a rectangular parallelepiped shape, for example, the long side is 200 to 1000 mm, the short side is 200 to 1000 mm, and the height is about 20 to 500 mm.
　隔壁部材１２に形成される第１流路凹部１２ｄの流路方向と、第２流路凹部１２ｅの流路方向とは、同じでも異なっていてもよいが、第１流路凹部１２ｄの流路方向と第２流路凹部１２ｅの流路方向とが６０～１２０°の角度で交差していることが好ましく、８０～１００°の角度で交差していることがより好ましく、９０°の角度で交差していることが最も好ましい。本実施形態では、両者が９０°の角度で交差している例を示す。 The flow path direction of the first flow path recess 12d formed in the partition wall member 12 and the flow path direction of the second flow path recess 12e may be the same or different, but the flow path of the first flow path recess 12d Direction and the flow path direction of the second flow path recess 12e preferably intersect at an angle of 60 to 120 °, more preferably at an angle of 80 to 100 °, and at an angle of 90 °. Most preferably, they intersect. In the present embodiment, an example in which the two intersect at an angle of 90 ° is shown.
　また、第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅの流路方向は、隔壁部材１２の各辺に対して、どのような方向を向いていてもよいが、シート状分離膜１０又は隔壁部材１２が４辺を有する形状である場合、第１流路凹部１２ｄがシート状分離膜１０等の対向する二辺に沿う方向に配され、第２流路凹部１２ｅが対向する残りの二辺に沿う方向に配されていることが好ましい。第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅが、隔壁部材１２の対向する二辺にわたって形成されることで、分離膜ユニットの積層体において、その端面に、第１流路又は第２流路の開口を形成することができる。 Further, the flow path directions of the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e may be any direction with respect to each side of the partition wall member 12, but the sheet-like separation membrane 10 or the partition wall When the member 12 has a shape having four sides, the first channel recess 12d is arranged in a direction along two opposing sides of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 or the like, and the remaining two sides facing the second channel recess 12e. It is preferable that it is arranged in the direction along. The first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e are formed over two opposing sides of the partition wall member 12, so that the first flow path or the second flow is formed on the end surface of the laminate of the separation membrane units. A path opening can be formed.
　上記の場合、隔壁部材１２の対向する二辺の付近（端部１２ａ）には、第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅが形成されていない部分が存在するが、分離膜ユニットを積層する際の液密性の観点から、その幅は１～３０ｍｍが好ましく、５～２０ｍｍがより好ましい。 In the above case, there are portions where the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e are not formed in the vicinity (end 12a) of the two opposing sides of the partition wall member 12, but the separation membrane unit is From the viewpoint of liquid tightness at the time of lamination, the width is preferably 1 to 30 mm, more preferably 5 to 20 mm.
　本実施形態のように、第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅに、流路材１３、１４が設けられる場合、一定又は略一定の深さの凹部を形成するのが好ましい。その場合、第１流路凹部１２ｄまたは第２流路凹部１２ｅの深さは、流路材１３、１４の厚みに応じて決定される。第１流路凹部１２ｄまたは第２流路凹部１２ｅの深さは、０．１～２ｍｍが好ましく、０．２～１ｍｍがより好ましい。 When the flow path materials 13 and 14 are provided in the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e as in the present embodiment, it is preferable to form a recess having a constant or substantially constant depth. In that case, the depth of the first flow path recess 12d or the second flow path recess 12e is determined according to the thickness of the flow path materials 13 and 14. The depth of the first flow path recess 12d or the second flow path recess 12e is preferably 0.1 to 2 mm, and more preferably 0.2 to 1 mm.
　シート状分離膜１０としては、限外ろ過膜、ナノろ過膜、逆浸透膜、透析膜、正浸透膜など何れでも良いが、本発明の分離膜ユニットでは、第１流路及び第２流路を共にクロスフローにできるため、シート状分離膜１０が正浸透膜である場合に特に有効である。 The sheet-like separation membrane 10 may be any of an ultrafiltration membrane, a nanofiltration membrane, a reverse osmosis membrane, a dialysis membrane, a forward osmosis membrane, etc. In the separation membrane unit of the present invention, the first flow path and the second flow path Since both can be made into a cross flow, it is particularly effective when the sheet-like separation membrane 10 is a forward osmosis membrane.
　シート状分離膜１０としては、上記の膜の種類に応じた材質が選択可能である。例えば、シート状分離膜１０が分離活性層と多孔性支持層とを有する場合、多孔性支持層としては、ポリスルホン、ポリエーテルサルホン、エポキシ樹脂、ポリアミド、ポリイミド、などで形成された多孔質膜、また、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、ポリオレフィンなどで形成された不織布などが使用される。 As the sheet-like separation membrane 10, a material corresponding to the type of the membrane can be selected. For example, when the sheet-like separation membrane 10 has a separation active layer and a porous support layer, the porous support layer is a porous membrane formed of polysulfone, polyethersulfone, epoxy resin, polyamide, polyimide, or the like. In addition, a nonwoven fabric formed of polyester, polyamide, polyolefin or the like is used.
　分離活性層としては、ポリアミド、酢酸セルロース、ポリスルホン、ポリエーテルスルホン、フッ化ビニリデン、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリ塩化ビニル－ポリアクリロニトリル共重合体、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイミド、ポリビニルアルコールなどで形成されたものが挙げられる。これらの材料で形成した単層の分離膜を使用することも可能である。 Examples of the separation active layer include those formed of polyamide, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, vinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride-polyacrylonitrile copolymer, epoxy resin, polyimide, polyvinyl alcohol, and the like. . It is also possible to use a single-layer separation membrane formed of these materials.
　シート状分離膜１０の厚みとしては、０．０１～１．０ｍｍが好ましく、０．０２～０．３ｍｍがより好ましい。 The thickness of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 is preferably 0.01 to 1.0 mm, more preferably 0.02 to 0.3 mm.
　第１流路材１３としては、樹脂等からなるネット、織物、編み物などが好ましく用いられ、ネットの開口形状としては、三角形、四角形（菱形、正方形、長方形、平行四辺形等）、六角形などが挙げられる。 As the first flow path member 13, a net made of resin or the like, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or the like is preferably used. As the opening shape of the net, a triangle, a quadrangle (rhombus, square, rectangle, parallelogram, etc.), a hexagon, or the like is used. Is mentioned.
　第１流路材１３を３層構造とする場合、内層流路材として緻密構造のダイヤモンド形押し出し成形ネットを使用し、外層流路材として更に緻密な構造の平織りネットを使用することが好ましい。 When the first channel material 13 has a three-layer structure, it is preferable to use a diamond-shaped extruded net having a dense structure as the inner layer channel material and a plain weave net having a more dense structure as the outer layer channel material.
　ネットの厚みは、例えば０．１２～２ｍｍが挙げられる。ネットを構成するネット糸径は例えば０．０６～１ｍｍが挙げられる。ネットの開口率は例えば７０～９５％が挙げられる。 The thickness of the net is, for example, 0.12 to 2 mm. The net yarn diameter constituting the net is, for example, 0.06 to 1 mm. For example, the net aperture ratio is 70 to 95%.
　第１流路材１３の材質としては、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリスルホン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリフェニレンサルファイドポロフェニレンエーテル、ポリカーボネート、ナイロンを主原料とするものが挙げられる。 Examples of the material of the first flow path material 13 include materials mainly composed of polypropylene, polyethylene, polysulfone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyphenylene sulfide polyphenylene ether, polycarbonate, and nylon.
　第２流路材１４としては、樹脂等からなるネット、織物、編み物などが好ましく用いられ、ネットの開口形状としては、三角形、四角形（菱形、正方形、長方形、平行四辺形等）、六角形などが挙げられる。 As the second flow path member 14, a net made of resin or the like, woven fabric, knitted fabric, or the like is preferably used. As the opening shape of the net, a triangle, a quadrangle (rhombus, square, rectangle, parallelogram, etc.), a hexagon, and the like Is mentioned.
　ネットの厚みは、例えば０．１２～２ｍｍが挙げられる。ネットを構成するネット糸径は例えば０．０６～１ｍｍが挙げられる。ネットの開口率は例えば７０～９５％が挙げられる。 The thickness of the net is, for example, 0.12 to 2 mm. The net yarn diameter constituting the net is, for example, 0.06 to 1 mm. For example, the net aperture ratio is 70 to 95%.
　第２流路材１４の材質としては、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリスルホン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリフェニレンサルファイドポロフェニレンエーテル、ポリカーボネート、ナイロンを主原料とするものが挙げられる。 Examples of the material of the second flow path material 14 include materials mainly composed of polypropylene, polyethylene, polysulfone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyphenylene sulfide polyphenylene ether, polycarbonate, and nylon.
　本発明の分離膜ユニットにおいて、隔壁部材１２とシート状分離膜１０とは、何れかの部位で固着されていることが好ましく、液密性を高める観点から、隔壁部材１２の両側の端部１２ａにおいて、シート状分離膜１０が固着されていることがより好ましい。 In the separation membrane unit of the present invention, the partition wall member 12 and the sheet-like separation membrane 10 are preferably fixed at any part. From the viewpoint of enhancing liquid tightness, the end portions 12a on both sides of the partition wall member 12 are used. It is more preferable that the sheet-like separation membrane 10 is fixed.
　また、第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅに、流路空間を保持するための流路材１３、１４を更に備える場合、隔壁部材１２と流路材１３、１４とが別体であってもよいが、シート状分離膜１０と何れかの部位で固着されていることが、ハンドリング性の観点から好ましい。隔壁部材１２を成形する際に、流路材１３、１４の一部を固着したり、両者を一体的に成形することも可能である。 When the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e are further provided with flow path materials 13 and 14 for holding the flow path space, the partition wall member 12 and the flow path materials 13 and 14 are separate. However, it is preferable that it is fixed to the sheet-like separation membrane 10 at any site from the viewpoint of handling properties. When the partition member 12 is molded, it is possible to fix part of the flow path members 13 and 14 or to mold both of them integrally.
　（分離膜ユニットの他の実施形態）
　（１）前述の実施形態では、第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅに流路材１３、１４を備える例を示したが、シート状分離膜１０が使用圧力に対して、十分な剛性や強度を有する場合には、流路材１３、１４を省略することも可能である。 (Another embodiment of the separation membrane unit)
(1) In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e are provided with the flow path materials 13 and 14 has been described. However, the sheet-like separation membrane 10 is sufficient for the operating pressure. If the rigidity and strength are high, the flow path members 13 and 14 can be omitted.
　（２）前述の実施形態では、第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅの底面の形状が平坦な例を示したが、シート状分離膜１０が使用圧力に対して、十分な剛性や強度を有する場合には、図６に示すように、流路材１３、１４を使用する代わりに、第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅの底面に複数の凸部を設けることも可能である。当該凸部の高さは、第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅの深さ又はその深さによりやや低い程度が好ましい。 (2) In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the shapes of the bottom surfaces of the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e are flat has been described. However, the sheet-like separation membrane 10 has sufficient rigidity with respect to the operating pressure. In the case of having strength, as shown in FIG. 6, instead of using the flow path materials 13, 14, a plurality of convex portions are provided on the bottom surfaces of the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e. Is also possible. The height of the convex part is preferably slightly lower depending on the depth of the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e or the depth thereof.
　図６（ａ）に示す例は、第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅの底面に、流路方向に沿って、複数の凸条（リブ）１２ｂを設けた例である。凸条１２ｂの断面形状としては、三角形の他、四角形、半円などいずれでもよい。 The example shown in FIG. 6A is an example in which a plurality of ridges (ribs) 12b are provided along the flow path direction on the bottom surfaces of the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e. The cross-sectional shape of the ridge 12b may be any of a square, a semicircle, and the like in addition to a triangle.
　また、図６（ｂ）に示す例は、第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅの底面に、流路方向に沿って、複数の凸部１２ｃを設けた例である。凸部１２ｃの平面視形状としては、菱形等の四角形の他、円形、楕円形、三角形、六角形などいずれでもよい。 The example shown in FIG. 6B is an example in which a plurality of convex portions 12c are provided along the flow path direction on the bottom surfaces of the first flow path concave portion 12d and the second flow path concave portion 12e. As a planar view shape of the convex part 12c, any of a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a triangular shape, a hexagonal shape, etc. may be used in addition to a square shape such as a rhombus.
　（３）前述の実施形態では、第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅを、隔壁部材１２の表裏に各々１つ有している例を示したが、第１流路凹部１２ｄ又は第２流路凹部１２ｅを、隔壁部材１２の表裏に各々複数有していてもよい。このような構造の場合にも、流路材を省略することが可能となる。また、複数の第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅの各々に、流路材を設けることも可能である。
　（４）前述の実施形態では、隔壁部材１２の平面視の形状が、長方形である場合を示したが、隔壁部材１２の平面視の形状は何れでもよく、長方形以外の四角形、五角形、六角形や、円形、楕円形などでもよい。つまり、本発明において、隔壁部材１２の端面に形成される流路の開口は、直線状でなくてもよい。 (3) In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e are respectively provided on the front and back of the partition wall member 12 has been described. A plurality of second flow path recesses 12e may be provided on the front and back of the partition wall member 12, respectively. Even in the case of such a structure, the channel material can be omitted. It is also possible to provide a channel material in each of the plurality of first channel recesses 12d and second channel recesses 12e.
(4) In the above-described embodiment, the shape of the partition wall member 12 in plan view is a rectangle. However, the shape of the partition wall member 12 in plan view may be any shape, and may be a rectangle, pentagon, or hexagon other than a rectangle. Alternatively, it may be circular or elliptical. That is, in the present invention, the opening of the flow path formed on the end face of the partition wall member 12 may not be linear.
　（分離膜積層体）
　本発明の分離膜積層体は、図２に示すように、以上のような分離膜ユニットＵが複数積層されたものである。このように、本発明の分離膜ユニットＵを複数積層することで、積層体１１の対向する二辺に開口し、両側の端面からシート状分離膜１０の一方の面に連通する第１流路Ｐ１と、シート状分離膜１０の残りの二辺に開口し、両側の端面からシート状分離膜１０の他方の面に連通する第２流路Ｐ２と、を形成ことができる。分離膜積層体１１における分離膜ユニットＵの数は、例えば２～２００枚であり、２０～１００枚であることが好ましい。 (Separation membrane stack)
As shown in FIG. 2, the separation membrane laminate of the present invention is a laminate in which a plurality of separation membrane units U as described above are laminated. Thus, by laminating a plurality of separation membrane units U of the present invention, the first flow path opens to two opposite sides of the laminate 11 and communicates from one end surface to one surface of the sheet-like separation membrane 10. P1 and a second flow path P2 that opens to the remaining two sides of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 and communicates from the end surfaces on both sides to the other surface of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 can be formed. The number of separation membrane units U in the separation membrane laminate 11 is, for example, 2 to 200, and preferably 20 to 100.
　本実施形態では、積層体１１が、四辺を有する複数のシート状分離膜１０と、シート状分離膜１０の第１流路側に配置した複数の第１流路材１３と、第２流路側に配置した複数の第２流路材１４と、第１流路と第２流路とが混合するのを防止する隔壁部材１２と、を備えている例を示す。 In the present embodiment, the laminate 11 includes a plurality of sheet-like separation membranes 10 having four sides, a plurality of first flow passage members 13 arranged on the first flow passage side of the sheet-like separation membrane 10, and a second flow passage side. The example provided with the some 2nd flow-path material 14 arrange | positioned and the partition member 12 which prevents that a 1st flow path and a 2nd flow path mix.
　積層の際、分離膜ユニットＵの両側の面に連通する第１流路Ｐ１と第２流路Ｐ２とが、相互に流通しないように、分離膜ユニットＵ同士を固着する必要がある。そのため、隔壁部材１２の対向する二辺の付近の一方の面に設けられた両側の端部１２ａと、シート状分離膜１０の端部とが、液密になるように固着される。また、残りの対向する二辺の付近の他方の面に設けられた両側の端部１２ａと、シート状分離膜１０の端部とが、液密になるように固着される。その際、隔壁部材１２の４箇所に設けられた端部１２ａが、その全長にわたってシート状分離膜１０と固着されていることが好ましく、４箇所に設けられた端部１２ａが、その略全面でシート状分離膜１０と固着されていることがより好ましい。 When stacking, it is necessary to fix the separation membrane units U together so that the first flow path P1 and the second flow path P2 communicating with both surfaces of the separation membrane unit U do not circulate with each other. Therefore, the end portions 12a on both sides provided on one surface in the vicinity of the two opposing sides of the partition wall member 12 and the end portions of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 are fixed so as to be liquid-tight. Moreover, the edge part 12a of the both sides provided in the other surface of the vicinity of the remaining two opposite sides and the edge part of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 are fixed so as to be liquid-tight. In that case, it is preferable that the edge part 12a provided in four places of the partition member 12 is being fixed to the sheet-like separation membrane 10 over the full length, and the edge part 12a provided in four places is the substantially whole surface. More preferably, it is fixed to the sheet-like separation membrane 10.
　積層体１１は、シート状分離膜１０と隔壁部材１２とが一体化した分離膜ユニットＵ同士を接着等によって固着してもよいが、シート状分離膜１０を介在させつつ、隣接する隔壁部材１２同士を接着等によって液密状態で固着してもよい。また、本発明の分離膜積層体は、分離膜ユニットＵ同士が固着されずに、別体として複数積層されたものであってもよい。 In the laminated body 11, the separation membrane units U in which the sheet-like separation membrane 10 and the partition member 12 are integrated may be fixed together by adhesion or the like, but the adjacent partition member 12 with the sheet-like separation membrane 10 interposed therebetween. They may be fixed in a liquid-tight state by bonding or the like. Further, the separation membrane laminate of the present invention may be a laminate in which a plurality of separation membrane units U are not fixed to each other and are laminated separately.
　このような積層体１１の最上部と最下部の両側に配置した隔壁部材１２は、外壁板１８としての機能を備えており、最上面と最下面には、第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅが設けられていない。また、このような隔壁部材１２を設ける代わりに、別途、第１流路凹部１２ｄおよび第２流路凹部１２ｅを有していない外壁板１８を両側に設けてもよい。 The partition members 12 arranged on both the uppermost and lowermost sides of the laminate 11 have a function as the outer wall plate 18, and the first flow path recess 12 d and the second flow path are formed on the uppermost surface and the lowermost surface. The channel recess 12e is not provided. Further, instead of providing such a partition member 12, an outer wall plate 18 that does not have the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e may be separately provided on both sides.
　（分離膜エレメント）
　本発明の分離膜エレメントは、上記のような分離膜ユニットＵが複数積層されている分離膜積層体１１を備えている。分離膜積層体１１は、分離膜ユニットＵ同士が固着されていることが好ましいが、分離膜ユニットＵ同士が固着されずに、別体として複数積層されたものであってもよい。この場合でも、ハウジング等によって分離膜積層体１１同士を密着させることで、流路間の液密性を保つことが可能である。
　本実施形態の分離膜エレメントは、図３に示すように、当該分離膜積層体１１と、前記分離膜積層体１１の第１流路凹部１２ｄに両側から連通する第１空間部２１ａ、２１ｂを形成し、第１液体の給排出口２３ａ～２３ｂを有する第１カバー部材３１ａ、３１ｂと、分離膜積層体１１の第２流路凹部１２ｅに両側から連通する第２空間部２２ａ、２２ｂを形成し、第２液体の給排出口２４ａ～２４ｂを有する第２カバー部材３２ａ、３２ｂと、を備える。 (Separation membrane element)
The separation membrane element of the present invention includes a separation membrane laminate 11 in which a plurality of separation membrane units U as described above are laminated. The separation membrane stacked body 11 is preferably formed by fixing the separation membrane units U to each other, but may be a plurality of separated membrane units U stacked together without being fixed to each other. Even in this case, it is possible to maintain the liquid tightness between the flow paths by bringing the separation membrane laminates 11 into close contact with each other by a housing or the like.
As shown in FIG. 3, the separation membrane element of the present embodiment includes the separation membrane laminate 11 and first space portions 21a and 21b communicating with the first flow path recess 12d of the separation membrane laminate 11 from both sides. The first cover members 31a and 31b having the first liquid supply / discharge ports 23a to 23b and the second space portions 22a and 22b communicating with the second flow path recess 12e of the separation membrane laminate 11 from both sides are formed. And second cover members 32a and 32b having second liquid supply / discharge ports 24a to 24b.
　第１カバー部材３１ａ、３１ｂと第２カバー部材３２ａ、３２ｂとの材質としては、塩化ビニル、ポリカーボネート、ポリプロピレン等の樹脂、各種樹脂をガラス等の繊維で補強した繊維強化樹脂、アルミ、銅等の金属、セラミックスなどが使用可能であるが、繊維強化樹脂が最も好ましい。 Examples of the material of the first cover members 31a and 31b and the second cover members 32a and 32b include resins such as vinyl chloride, polycarbonate, and polypropylene, fiber reinforced resins obtained by reinforcing various resins with fibers such as glass, aluminum, and copper. Metals, ceramics, etc. can be used, but fiber reinforced resins are most preferred.
　第１カバー部材３１ａ、３１ｂと第２カバー部材３２ａ、３２ｂとは、分離膜積層体１１の端面に、接着等によって固着することができる。なお、第１カバー部材３１ａ、３１ｂと第２カバー部材３２ａ、３２ｂの一部又は全部を一体化したものを使用することも可能である。 The first cover members 31a and 31b and the second cover members 32a and 32b can be fixed to the end face of the separation membrane laminate 11 by adhesion or the like. In addition, it is also possible to use what integrated one part or all of 1st cover member 31a, 31b and 2nd cover member 32a, 32b.
　給排出口２３ａ～２４ｂには、第１液体又は第２液体の給排出を行なうための配管が、必要に応じて接続部材を介して接続される。例えば、配管を経由して給排出口２３ａから第１液体として低濃度液（例えば淡水ＦＷ、被処理液ＦＳなど）を供給し、膜分離後の低濃度液を給排出口２３ｂから排出しながら、給排出口２４ａから第２液体として高濃度液（例えば海水ＳＷ、ドローソリューションＤＳなど）を供給し、膜分離後の高濃度液を給排出口２４ｂから排出することで、本発明の分離膜エレメントを正浸透膜分離に利用することができる。 A pipe for supplying and discharging the first liquid or the second liquid is connected to the supply / discharge ports 23a to 24b through a connecting member as necessary. For example, a low-concentration liquid (for example, fresh water FW, liquid to be treated FS, etc.) is supplied as the first liquid from the supply / discharge port 23a via a pipe, and the low-concentration liquid after membrane separation is discharged from the supply / discharge port 23b. The high concentration liquid (for example, seawater SW, draw solution DS, etc.) is supplied as the second liquid from the supply / discharge port 24a, and the high concentration liquid after membrane separation is discharged from the supply / discharge port 24b. The element can be used for forward osmosis membrane separation.
　また、その他の膜分離方式においても、例えば給排出口２４ａから原液を供給して、濃縮液を給排出口２４ｂから排出しながら、分離膜で分離された透過液を給排出口２３ｂなどから排出することが可能となる。その際、スイープ流を給排出口２３ａから供給しながら、膜分離を行なうことも可能である。 Also in other membrane separation systems, for example, the raw liquid is supplied from the supply / discharge port 24a and the permeate separated by the separation membrane is discharged from the supply / discharge port 23b while discharging the concentrate from the supply / discharge port 24b. It becomes possible to do. At this time, it is also possible to perform membrane separation while supplying the sweep flow from the supply / discharge port 23a.
　（分離膜エレメントの他の実施形態）
　（１）前述の実施形態では、分離膜積層体１１の４つの端面に、第１カバー部材３１ａ、３１ｂと第２カバー部材３２ａ、３２ｂとが設けられる例を示したが、図４に示すように、筒状の第２カバー部材３２ｃを設けたり、あるいは筒状の第１カバー部材を設けてもよい。 (Other embodiment of separation membrane element)
(1) In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the first cover members 31a and 31b and the second cover members 32a and 32b are provided on the four end surfaces of the separation membrane laminate 11 is shown, but as shown in FIG. Alternatively, a cylindrical second cover member 32c may be provided, or a cylindrical first cover member may be provided.
　図示した例の場合、筒状の第２カバー部材３２ｃによって、分離膜積層体１１の第２流路凹部１２ｅに両側から連通する第２空間部２２ａ、２２ｂを形成することができる。 In the case of the illustrated example, the cylindrical second cover member 32c can form the second space portions 22a and 22b communicating with the second flow path recess 12e of the separation membrane laminate 11 from both sides.
　また、この筒状の第２カバー部材３２ｃの両端に設けた、平板状の第１カバー部材３１ａ、３１ｂによって、分離膜積層体１１の第１流路凹部１２ｄに両側から連通する第１空間部２１ａ、２１ｂを形成させることができる。 In addition, the first space member communicated from both sides to the first flow path recess 12d of the separation membrane laminate 11 by the flat plate-like first cover members 31a and 31b provided at both ends of the cylindrical second cover member 32c. 21a and 21b can be formed.
　（２）また、本発明の分離膜エレメントは、図５に示すように、分離膜ユニットＵが複数積層された積層体１１と、前記積層体１１を収容し、側壁部３５と底面部３６と上面部３７とを有するハウジング３０と、を備えているものでもよい。図示した例では、ハウジング３０の側壁部３５が円筒形である場合の例を示す。 (2) Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the separation membrane element of the present invention houses a laminate 11 in which a plurality of separation membrane units U are laminated, the laminate 11, and includes a side wall portion 35 and a bottom portion 36. The housing 30 which has the upper surface part 37 may be provided. The illustrated example shows an example in which the side wall 35 of the housing 30 is cylindrical.
　ハウジング３０の材質としては、塩化ビニル、ポリカーボネート、ポリプロピレン等の樹脂、各種樹脂をガラス等の繊維で補強した繊維強化樹脂、アルミ、銅等の金属、セラミックスなどが使用可能であるが、繊維強化樹脂が最も好ましい。 As the material of the housing 30, resins such as vinyl chloride, polycarbonate, and polypropylene, fiber reinforced resins obtained by reinforcing various resins with fibers such as glass, metals such as aluminum and copper, ceramics, and the like can be used. Is most preferred.
　ハウジング３０は、例えば、側壁部３５と底面部３６とを一体成形した成形体に、積層体１１を収容した後、上面部３７を接着、溶着等で接合することで、給排出口２３ａ～２４ｂ以外の部分を液密な構造とすることができる。 For example, the housing 30 is formed by integrally molding the side wall portion 35 and the bottom surface portion 36, and after housing the laminate 11, the upper surface portion 37 is bonded, welded, or the like to join the supply / discharge ports 23a to 24b. The part other than can be made into a liquid-tight structure.
　本発明では、ハウジング３０の内面と積層体１１の端面との間に、第１流路Ｐ１に両側から連通する２つの第１空間部２１ａ、２１ｂと、第２流路Ｐ２に両側から連通する２つの第２空間部２２ａ、２２ｂとを有している。分離膜エレメントの使用時には、必要に応じて、これらの第１空間部２１ａ、２１ｂ、第２空間部２２ａ、２２ｂに、第１液体と第２液体とがそれぞれ満たされる。 In the present invention, between the inner surface of the housing 30 and the end surface of the multilayer body 11, two first spaces 21a and 21b that communicate with the first flow path P1 from both sides and the second flow path P2 communicate with both sides. Two second spaces 22a and 22b are provided. When the separation membrane element is used, the first liquid and the second liquid are filled in the first space 21a and 21b and the second space 22a and 22b, respectively, as necessary.
　ハウジング３０は、前記積層体１１を収容可能なサイズであればよいが、その側壁部３５の内面に前記積層体１１の角部を接近させて収容可能なサイズとすることが、有効膜面積を増加させつつ、角部のシールを簡易に行なう観点から好ましい。その場合、側壁部３５の内面と積層体１１の角部とを、封止樹脂で封止することも可能であるが、両者の間には弾性体（図示省略）を介在させて、隣接する空間部同士をシールしてもよい。 The housing 30 may be of a size that can accommodate the laminate 11, but the effective membrane area can be reduced by making the corner of the laminate 11 close to the inner surface of the side wall portion 35. It is preferable from the viewpoint of easily sealing the corner while increasing the number. In that case, the inner surface of the side wall portion 35 and the corner portion of the laminated body 11 can be sealed with a sealing resin, but an elastic body (not shown) is interposed between the two and adjacent to each other. The space portions may be sealed.
　また、積層体１１と底面部３６又は上面部３７とのシールも行なうことが好ましい。その場合、積層体１１の底面と底面部３６とを接着により封止する方法や、弾性体からなるシール材を用いて封止する方法が挙げられる。積層体１１の上面と上面部３７とのシールについても同様に行なうことができる。 It is also preferable to perform a seal between the laminate 11 and the bottom surface portion 36 or the top surface portion 37. In that case, a method of sealing the bottom surface and the bottom surface portion 36 of the laminated body 11 by adhesion, or a method of sealing using a sealing material made of an elastic body can be mentioned. The sealing between the upper surface of the laminated body 11 and the upper surface portion 37 can be similarly performed.
　弾性体としては、ゴム、熱可塑性エラストマーなどが使用可能であり、断面形状としては、積層体１１の角部に外接させ易いように、Ｌ字型、コの字型などが好ましい。また、積層体１１の全ての辺（１２辺）に外接するような形状の弾性体を使用することも可能である。これにより、角部と上面と底面とのシールを好適に行なうことができる。 As the elastic body, rubber, thermoplastic elastomer or the like can be used, and the cross-sectional shape is preferably L-shaped or U-shaped so that it can be easily circumscribed on the corner of the laminate 11. Moreover, it is also possible to use an elastic body having a shape that circumscribes all the sides (12 sides) of the laminate 11. Thereby, a seal | sticker with a corner | angular part, an upper surface, and a bottom face can be performed suitably.
　ハウジング３０は、第１空間部２１ａ、２１ｂの各々に設けた第１液体の給排出口２３ａ、２３ｂと、第２空間部２２ａ、２２ｂの各々に設けた第２液体の給排出口２４ａ、２４ｂと、を有する。本実施形態では、ハウジング３０の第１液体の給排出口２３ａ、２３ｂが底面部３６と上面部３７とに設けられ、第２液体の給排出口２４ａ、２４ｂが底面部３６と上面部３７に設けられている例を示す。これらの給排出口２３ａ～２４ｂは、接続された配管を利用して、液体の給排出を行なうことができる。 The housing 30 includes first liquid supply / discharge ports 23a, 23b provided in the first spaces 21a, 21b, and second liquid supply / discharge ports 24a, 24b provided in the second spaces 22a, 22b, respectively. And having. In the present embodiment, the first liquid supply / discharge ports 23 a and 23 b of the housing 30 are provided in the bottom surface portion 36 and the top surface portion 37, and the second liquid supply and discharge ports 24 a and 24 b are provided in the bottom surface portion 36 and the top surface portion 37. An example is shown. These supply / discharge ports 23a to 24b can supply and discharge the liquid using a connected pipe.
　図５に示した例では、第１空間部２１ａ、２１ｂおよび第２空間部２２ａ、２２ｂの各々に、上下２つずつの給排出口２３ａ～２４ｂが設けられているが、分離膜エレメントを単数で用いる場合、例えば、上下２つずつ設けられている給排出口２３ａ～２４ｂのうち、上下何れかを閉塞させて使用することも可能である。 In the example shown in FIG. 5, the first space portions 21a and 21b and the second space portions 22a and 22b are provided with two upper and lower supply / discharge ports 23a to 24b. For example, it is also possible to use one of the upper and lower supply / exhaust ports 23a to 24b that is closed at the top and bottom.
　（３）前述の実施形態では、平面視で円筒形のハウジング３０を用いる例を示したが、本発明では、ハウジング３０の平面視における形状は何れでもよい。例えば、楕円形、八角形、正方形、菱型、六角形などの多角形でもよい。 (3) In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the cylindrical housing 30 is used in plan view is shown, but in the present invention, the shape of the housing 30 in plan view may be any. For example, it may be a polygon such as an ellipse, an octagon, a square, a diamond, or a hexagon.
　（４）前述の実施形態では、液体の給排出口給排出口２３ａ～２４ｂがハウジング３０の底面部３６と上面部３７とに設けられている例を示したが、本発明では、ハウジング３０の側壁部３５に、液体の給排出口給排出口２３ａ～２４ｂを設けてもよい。 (4) In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the liquid supply / discharge ports 23a to 24b are provided in the bottom surface portion 36 and the top surface portion 37 of the housing 30 has been described. The side wall portion 35 may be provided with liquid supply / discharge ports 23a to 24b.
１０　　　　シート状分離膜
１１　　　　積層体（分離膜積層体）
１２　　　　隔壁部材
１２ｄ　　　第１流路凹部
１２ｅ　　　第２流路凹部
１３　　　　第１流路材
１４　　　　第２流路材
２１ａ、２１ｂ　　　　第１空間部
２２ａ、２２ｂ　　　　第２空間部
２３ａ、２３ｂ　　　　第１液体の給排出口
２４ａ、２４ｂ　　　　第２液体の給排出口
３０　　　　ハウジング
３５　　　　側壁部
３６　　　　底面部
３７　　　　上面部
Ｐ１　　　　第１流路
Ｐ２　　　　第２流路
Ｕ　　　　　分離膜ユニット 10 Sheet-like separation membrane 11 Laminated body (separation membrane laminated body)
12 Bulkhead member 12d First flow path recess 12e Second flow path recess 13 First flow path material 14 Second flow path materials 21a, 21b First space portions 22a, 22b Second space portions 23a, 23b Supply and discharge of the first liquid Outlet 24a, 24b Second liquid supply / discharge port 30 Housing 35 Side wall 36 Bottom surface 37 Upper surface P1 First flow path P2 Second flow path U Separation membrane unit

Claims (7)

  1. 　第１流路凹部を一方の面に有し第２流路凹部を他方の面に有する隔壁部材と、前記第１流路凹部又は前記第２流路凹部を覆って配置されたシート状分離膜と、を備える分離膜ユニット。 A partition member having a first channel recess on one surface and a second channel recess on the other surface, and a sheet-like separation membrane disposed so as to cover the first channel recess or the second channel recess A separation membrane unit.
  2. 　前記第１流路凹部の流路方向と前記第２流路凹部の流路方向とが６０～１２０°の角度で交差している請求項１に記載の分離膜ユニット。 The separation membrane unit according to claim 1, wherein the channel direction of the first channel recess and the channel direction of the second channel recess intersect at an angle of 60 to 120 °.
  3. 　前記シート状分離膜が４辺を有する形状であり、前記第１流路凹部が前記シート状分離膜の対向する二辺に沿う方向に配され、前記第２流路凹部が対向する残りの二辺に沿う方向に配されている請求項１又は２に記載の分離膜ユニット。 The sheet-like separation membrane has a shape having four sides, the first flow path recess is arranged in a direction along two opposite sides of the sheet-like separation membrane, and the remaining two flow path recesses face each other. The separation membrane unit according to claim 1, wherein the separation membrane unit is arranged in a direction along the side.
  4. 　前記第１流路凹部又は前記第２流路凹部には、流路空間を保持するための流路材を更に備える請求項１～３いずれかに記載の分離膜ユニット。 The separation membrane unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a channel material for holding a channel space in the first channel recess or the second channel recess.
  5. 　請求項１～４いずれかに記載の分離膜ユニットが複数積層されている分離膜積層体。 A separation membrane laminate in which a plurality of the separation membrane units according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are laminated.
  6. 　請求項１～４いずれかに記載の分離膜ユニットが複数積層されている分離膜積層体と、
    　前記分離膜積層体の第１流路凹部に両側から連通する第１空間部を形成し、第１液体の給排出口を有する第１カバー部材と、
    　前記分離膜積層体の第２流路凹部に両側から連通する第２空間部を形成し、第２液体の給排出口を有する第２カバー部材と、
    を備える分離膜エレメント。     A separation membrane laminate in which a plurality of separation membrane units according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are laminated;
    A first cover member that forms a first space communicating with both sides of the first flow path recess of the separation membrane laminate, and has a first liquid supply / discharge port;
    A second cover member that forms a second space communicating with both sides of the second flow path recess of the separation membrane laminate, and has a second liquid supply / discharge port;
    A separation membrane element comprising:
  7. 　請求項１～４いずれかに記載の分離膜ユニットが複数積層されている分離膜積層体と、
    　前記分離膜積層体を収容し、側壁部と底面部と上面部とを有するハウジングと、を備え、
    　前記ハウジングは、その内面と前記積層体の端面との間に、前記第１流路凹部に両側から連通する２つの第１空間部と、前記第２流路凹部に両側から連通する２つの第２空間部とを有すると共に、前記第１空間部の各々に設けた第１液体の給排出口と、前記第２空間部の各々に設けた第２液体の給排出口と、を有する分離膜エレメント。
          A separation membrane laminate in which a plurality of separation membrane units according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are laminated;
    A housing that houses the separation membrane laminate and has a side wall, a bottom surface, and a top surface;
    The housing has two first space portions that communicate with the first flow path recess from both sides, and two second spaces that communicate with the second flow path recess from both sides, between the inner surface and the end surface of the laminate. And a second liquid supply / discharge port provided in each of the first space portions, and a second liquid supply / discharge port provided in each of the second space portions. element.
PCT/JP2016/066788 2015-06-11 2016-06-06 Separation membrane unit and separation membrane element WO2016199727A1 (en)

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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06277461A (en) * 1993-03-26 1994-10-04 Kurita Water Ind Ltd Membrane separation device
JP2013202515A (en) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-07 Sanki Eng Co Ltd Immersion type flat film element
WO2014092725A1 (en) * 2012-12-14 2014-06-19 General Electric Company Membrane stack filtration module

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06277461A (en) * 1993-03-26 1994-10-04 Kurita Water Ind Ltd Membrane separation device
JP2013202515A (en) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-07 Sanki Eng Co Ltd Immersion type flat film element
WO2014092725A1 (en) * 2012-12-14 2014-06-19 General Electric Company Membrane stack filtration module

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