WO2016192515A1

WO2016192515A1 - Battery pack, and charging management system and method

Info

Publication number: WO2016192515A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/081625
Authority: WO
Inventors: 瞿洪桂
Original assignee: 中投仙能科技（苏州）有限公司
Priority date: 2015-06-02
Filing date: 2016-05-11
Publication date: 2016-12-08
Also published as: CN104852438A

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of charging. Disclosed are a battery pack, and charging management system and method. The battery pack in the present invention comprises a single lithium battery and a discharging module, wherein the discharging module comprises a temperature switch and an electric energy conversion element; and the temperature switch and the electric energy conversion element are connected in series. The discharging module is connected to two ends of the single lithium battery in parallel, and when the temperature switch detects that a temperature of the electric energy conversion element reaches a preset overheat temperature protection threshold, the temperature switch is disconnected, and the electric energy conversion element stops discharging. As such, when the single lithium battery discharges, the battery pack, and charging management system and method promptly detect that a temperature of an electric energy conversion unit reaches the preset overheat temperature protection threshold and stop discharging by utilizing the temperature switch connected to the electric energy conversion element in series, thus promptly controlling and preventing the charger from continuing to heat up and preventing a component of the charger from being overheated when having an excessively high temperature, and effectively improving security.

Description

Battery pack, charging management system and method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of charging technology, and more particularly to a battery pack, a charging management system and a method.

Background technique

The existing lithium battery pack is usually formed by serially connecting a plurality of single lithium batteries. These single cells are difficult to ensure the same due to the specifications, and the real-time voltages at both ends of each single cell are easily inconsistent during charging. In order to make the entire battery pack reach the rated voltage during charging, each single battery needs to reach the rated voltage. When a single battery has a lower capacity, its voltage is lower than that of other single cells. At this time, in order to reach the rated voltage of the battery pack, overcharging of other single cells may occur, which may cause lithium battery explosion. .

In order to avoid the above, in the prior art, a discharge module for discharging a voltage portion higher than the lowest cell is provided on each of the cells, and a type such as a heat generating resistor is disposed in the discharge circuit. The power conversion element enables the power conversion element to perform a discharge process on the high voltage single cell.

In the above process, when a plurality of discharge modules are simultaneously turned on, the amount of heat generated by the power conversion element increases, and if the heat is not dissipated in time, the function of the electronic device may be abnormal. Therefore, in order to enable the current battery to continue to be stably charged, the existing lithium battery pack is balanced by limiting the current applied to the power conversion element, such as continuously applying a small current of 0.2 A to 0.3 A continuously on the power conversion element. However, since the temperature of the electrical energy conversion element is often affected by environmental factors, there is still a risk of temperature loss.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a battery pack charging scheme that effectively prevents overheating of components.

According to an aspect of the invention, a battery pack is provided, comprising a single lithium battery and a discharge module, the discharge module comprising a temperature switch and an electrical energy conversion element, a temperature switch and a power transfer The replacement component is connected in series; the discharge module is connected to both ends of the single lithium battery; when the temperature switch detects that the temperature of the electrical energy conversion component reaches the predetermined overheat temperature protection threshold, the temperature switch is turned off, and the electrical energy conversion component is suspended.

Optionally, the temperature switch conducts the energy conversion element when the temperature switch detects that the temperature of the electrical energy conversion element is below a predetermined thermal temperature protection threshold.

Optionally, the temperature switch comprises a temperature sensing element mounted on the electrical energy conversion element or connected to the electrical energy conversion element via the thermally conductive component.

Optionally, the discharge module further includes a voltage switch connected in series with the temperature switch and the power conversion component; when the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the voltage switch is turned on, and the power conversion component is discharged; When the voltage is less than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the voltage switch is turned off and the power conversion element stops discharging.

Optionally, the discharge module further includes a controller that compares the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery with a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, and controls the voltage switch to be turned on or off according to the judgment result.

Optionally, the control management module is further connected to the charging circuit, and when the real-time voltage of any single lithium battery reaches a predetermined rated charging voltage protection value, the control management module disconnects the charging circuit to suspend charging, wherein the predetermined rated charging voltage The protection value is greater than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold.

Optionally, the control management module adds the real-time voltages of all the single lithium batteries to obtain a real-time total voltage. When the real-time total voltage reaches a predetermined rated total charging voltage, the control management module disconnects the charging circuit to stop charging, wherein the predetermined rating The total charging voltage is not greater than the sum of the predetermined rated charging voltage protection values of all of the single lithium batteries.

Optionally, when the control management module determines that the real-time total voltage is less than the predetermined rated total charging voltage, and the real-time voltage of all the single-cell lithium batteries is less than the predetermined rated total charging voltage, the control management module turns on the charging circuit to resume charging, wherein the predetermined The rated charging voltage protection value is greater than a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, and the predetermined rated total charging voltage is not greater than a sum of predetermined rated charging voltage protection values of all the single lithium batteries.

Optionally, the charging circuit includes a main switch, and the main switch is connected to the control management module, and the control management module controls the charging circuit to be turned on or off by controlling the main switch.

Optionally, a voltage collecting module is further included, and the two ends of the single lithium battery are connected to detect real-time electricity. Pressure.

Such a battery pack has a temperature switch serially connected to the electric energy conversion element. When discharging the single lithium battery, the temperature switch can timely detect that the temperature of the electric energy conversion unit reaches a predetermined overheat temperature protection threshold and stop discharging in time, thereby enabling When the temperature is too high, timely control prevents the temperature from rising, prevents the components from overheating, and effectively improves the safety.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a charging management system is provided, comprising a discharge module comprising a temperature switch and an electrical energy conversion component, the temperature switch and the electrical energy conversion component being connected in series; the discharge module being connected at both ends of the single lithium battery; When the temperature switch detects that the temperature of the electric energy conversion component reaches the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, the temperature switch is turned off, and the electric energy conversion element is suspended; when the temperature switch detects that the temperature of the electric energy conversion element is lower than the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, the temperature The switch conducts energy to convert the component.

Optionally, the discharge module further includes a controller that compares the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery with a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, and controls the voltage switch to be turned on or off according to the determination result.

Optionally, the control management module is further connected to the charging circuit, and when the real-time voltage of any single lithium battery reaches a predetermined rated charging voltage protection value, the control management module disconnects the charging circuit to suspend charging; wherein, the predetermined rated charging voltage The protection value is greater than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold.

Optionally, the control management module adds the real-time voltages of all the single lithium batteries to obtain a real-time total voltage. When the real-time total voltage reaches the predetermined rated total charging voltage, the control management module disconnects the charging circuit to stop charging; wherein, the predetermined rating The total charging voltage is not greater than the sum of the predetermined rated charging voltage protection values of all of the single lithium batteries.

Optionally, when the control management module determines that the total real-time voltage is less than the predetermined rated total charging voltage, and the real-time voltage of all the single-cell lithium batteries is less than the predetermined rated total charging voltage, the control The system management module turns on the charging circuit to resume charging; wherein the predetermined rated charging voltage protection value is greater than a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, and the predetermined rated charging total voltage is not greater than a sum of predetermined rated charging voltage protection values of all the single lithium batteries.

Optionally, a voltage collecting module is further included, and the real-time voltage is detected at both ends of the connected single lithium battery.

The charging management system has a temperature switch serially connected to the electric energy conversion component. When discharging the single lithium battery, the temperature switch can timely detect that the temperature of the electric energy conversion unit reaches a predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold and stop discharging in time, thereby It can prevent the temperature from rising in time when the temperature is too high, prevent the components from overheating, and effectively improve the safety.

According to still another aspect of the present invention, a charging management method is provided, comprising: when a temperature switch that is connected in series with a power conversion element at a temperature of a single lithium battery detects that the temperature of the power conversion element reaches a predetermined overheat temperature protection threshold, the temperature When the switch is turned off, the power conversion element is suspended.

Optionally, the method further includes: when the temperature switch detects that the temperature of the electrical energy conversion component is lower than the predetermined thermal temperature protection threshold, the temperature switch conducts the energy conversion component.

Optionally, the temperature switch detects the temperature of the electrical energy conversion unit through the temperature sensing element, wherein the temperature sensing element is mounted on the electrical energy conversion element or connected to the electrical energy conversion element through the heat conductive component.

Optionally, the method further includes: when the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the voltage switch connected to the temperature switch and the electric energy conversion element serially connected to the two ends of the single-cell lithium battery is turned on, and the electric energy conversion element is discharged; When the real-time voltage is less than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the voltage switch is turned off and the power conversion element stops discharging.

Optionally, the method further includes: when the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery reaches a predetermined rated charging voltage protection value, the control management module connected to the charging circuit disconnects the charging circuit from being suspended, wherein the predetermined rated charging voltage protection value is greater than The equalization voltage threshold is predetermined.

Optionally, the control management module adds the real-time voltages of all the single lithium batteries to obtain a real-time total voltage, and controls the management mode when the real-time total voltage reaches a predetermined rated total charging voltage. The block disconnect charging circuit stops charging, wherein the predetermined rated total charging voltage is not greater than a sum of predetermined rated charging voltage protection values of all the single lithium batteries.

Optionally, the control management module and the voltage switch acquire a real-time voltage through a voltage acquisition module connected across the single lithium battery.

By such a method, when the single lithium battery is discharged, the temperature of the electric energy conversion unit can be detected in real time through a temperature switch directly connected to the electric energy conversion element, and when the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold is reached, the discharge is stopped in time, thereby being able to be at the temperature. When it is too high, it is timely controlled to prevent further heating, prevent overheating of components, and effectively improve safety.

DRAWINGS

The drawings described herein are intended to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are intended to be a part of the invention. In the drawing:

1 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a group of single lithium batteries and a discharge module in a battery pack of the present invention.

2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a group of single lithium battery cells and a discharge module in the battery pack of the present invention.

3 is a schematic view of still another embodiment of the battery pack of the present invention.

4 is a schematic view of still another embodiment of the battery pack of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of a charge management system of the present invention.

6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a charge management system of the present invention.

7 is a flow chart of one embodiment of a charge management method of the present invention.

8 is a flow chart of another embodiment of a charge management method of the present invention.

9 is a flow chart of still another embodiment of a charge management method of the present invention.

detailed description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

In the prior art, there is a lithium battery equalization control device and method. During the process of balancing the lithium battery pack, the temperature of the shunt unit is collected by the temperature collecting unit, and when the temperature exceeds the preset superheat temperature value, the corresponding cell is disconnected. The shunt circuit reduces the heat generated by the shunt unit, prevents the electronic device from overheating when the cell is balanced, and improves the stability of the electronic device. In the device, the temperature collecting unit is electrically connected to the dispatching unit through the signal line, and the temperature collecting unit feeds back the collected temperature parameter to the dispatching unit, and then the dispatching unit controls whether the shunting circuit in the shunting unit is disconnected according to the temperature parameter. Turn on. Since the temperature collecting unit and the dispatching unit are electrically connected through the signal line, the number of connecting signal lines in the single lithium battery equalization control device is large, and the feedback control often has a time lag problem, thereby affecting the timely control of the shunt circuit, so that the shunt circuit is There is still a risk of temperature loss.

A schematic diagram of one embodiment of a set of single lithium battery cells and discharge modules in a battery pack of the present invention is shown in FIG. There are a plurality of single lithium batteries 1 in the battery pack, and a discharge module 5 is connected in parallel at both ends of the single lithium battery 1. The discharge module 5 includes a power conversion element 52 and a temperature switch 53 that are connected in series. When the single lithium battery 1 is charged to reach a predetermined charging threshold, the power conversion element 52 of the discharge module 5 discharges the single lithium battery 1. When the temperature switch 53 detects that the temperature of the electric energy conversion element 52 reaches the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, the temperature switch is turned off, and the electric energy conversion element 52 stops discharging.

Such a battery pack has a temperature switch serially connected to the electric energy conversion element. When discharging the single lithium battery, the temperature switch can timely detect that the temperature of the electric energy conversion unit reaches a predetermined overheat temperature protection threshold and stop discharging in time, thereby enabling Control when the temperature is too high, prevent the temperature from rising, prevent the components from overheating, and effectively improve the safety.

In one embodiment, the temperature switch 53 monitors the temperature of the electrical energy conversion element 52 in real time to disconnect in time when the temperature of the electrical energy conversion element 52 reaches a predetermined overheat temperature protection threshold, further improving safety.

In one embodiment, when the temperature switch 53 detects that the temperature of the electrical energy conversion element 52 is lower than the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, the temperature switch 53 conducts the energy conversion element so that the discharge module 5 needs to discharge the single lithium battery 1 Can work normally. Such a battery pack ensures that the discharge is normally performed while preventing overheating of the components.

In one embodiment, the temperature switch 53 includes a temperature sensing element for sensing the temperature of the electrical energy conversion element 52, and the temperature sensing element can be mounted on the electrical energy conversion element 52 or can be coupled to the electrical energy conversion element 52 via a thermally conductive component. In order to prevent the temperature switch 53 from detecting the temperature change of the electric energy conversion element 52 in time, the safety is further improved.

A schematic diagram of another embodiment of a set of single lithium battery cells and discharge modules in a battery pack of the present invention is shown in FIG. The discharge module 5 includes, in addition to the electric energy conversion element 52 and the temperature switch 53, a voltage switch 51 connected in series with the electric energy conversion element 52 and the temperature switch 53. When the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the voltage switch 51 turns on the discharge module 5 and discharges through the electric energy conversion element 52.

Such a battery pack can discharge in time when the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, thereby preventing the battery pack from being overcharged due to uneven charging of the battery pack, preventing the lithium battery from being exploded and improving safety.

In one embodiment, voltage switch 51 and temperature switch 53 collectively control the operation of power conversion element 52.

When the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, and the temperature of the electric energy conversion element 52 does not reach the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, the voltage switch 51 is closed, the temperature switch 53 is closed, and the discharge module 5 is turned on, the electric energy is turned on. The conversion element 52 is discharged.

When the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 reaches the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, and the temperature of the electric energy conversion element 52 reaches the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, the voltage switch 51 is closed, the temperature switch 53 is turned off, the discharge module 5 is turned off, and the electric energy is turned off. The conversion element 52 is not discharged.

When the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 does not reach the predetermined equalization voltage threshold and the temperature of the electric energy conversion element 52 does not reach the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, the voltage switch 51 is turned off, the temperature switch 53 is closed, and the discharge module 5 is turned off. The power conversion element 52 is not discharged.

When the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 does not reach the predetermined equalization voltage threshold and the temperature of the electric energy conversion element 52 reaches the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, the voltage switch 51 is turned off and warmed. The degree switch 53 is turned off, the discharge module 5 is turned off, and the power conversion element 52 is not discharged.

Such a battery pack can discharge a single lithium battery when the voltage of the single lithium battery reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold and the temperature of the power conversion module does not reach the predetermined overheat temperature protection threshold, thereby preventing overcharging and avoiding excessive temperature of the component. , improved security.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the discharge module 5 includes a controller 54. The controller 54 can determine whether the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery 1 reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold. When the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the controller 54 controls the voltage switch 51 to turn on the discharge module 5; when the implemented voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 is less than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the controller 54 The control voltage switch 51 is turned off. Such a battery pack can timely determine that the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, and timely discharges the discharge module to prevent overcharging of the battery.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a voltage collecting module 4 is connected in parallel across the single lithium battery 1. The voltage collecting module 4 can monitor the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery 1 in real time, and transmit the real-time voltage to the controller 54 in time, so that the controller 54 can control the state of the voltage switch 51 according to the real-time voltage in time. Such a battery pack can instantly monitor the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery to ensure timely discharge of the single lithium battery by the discharge module.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the battery pack further includes a control management module 3 coupled to the charging circuit. The control management module 3 is capable of acquiring the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery and controlling the state of the charging circuit. In one embodiment, the control management module 3 acquires the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery 1 through the voltage acquisition module 4. In one embodiment, when the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 reaches a predetermined rated charging voltage protection value, the control management module 3 controls the charging circuit to be turned off, and stops charging the battery pack. In one embodiment, the predetermined nominal charging voltage protection value is slightly greater than a predetermined equalization voltage threshold. Such a battery pack can stop charging in time when the discharge efficiency is not high or the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature threshold and cannot be discharged, thereby improving safety.

In another embodiment, when the sum of the real-time voltages of all of the single-cell lithium batteries 1 reaches a predetermined rated total charging voltage, the control management module 3 turns off the charging circuit and the charging is completed. In one embodiment, the predetermined rated total charging voltage is slightly less than the sum of the predetermined rated charging voltage protection values of all of the individual lithium batteries 1. Such a battery pack can judge the entire battery pack in time. The power has reached the predetermined rated total charging voltage, that is, the battery is fully charged, so that the charging is stopped in time to prevent the danger caused by forgetting to cut off the charging circuit.

In still another embodiment, in the case that the charging circuit is suspended, if the control management module 3 determines that the real-time voltage of all the single lithium batteries 1 is less than the predetermined rated charging voltage protection value, and the real-time voltage of all the single lithium batteries When the sum is less than the predetermined rated total charging voltage, the control management module 3 controls the main switch 2 to close and continues to start charging. Such a battery pack can ensure that a predetermined amount of power is reached, preventing the use from being insufficient due to insufficient charging.

A schematic view of still another embodiment of the battery pack of the present invention is shown in FIG. The battery pack includes a plurality of single lithium batteries 1 , and each of the single lithium batteries 1 has a discharge module 5 and a voltage collecting module 4 connected in parallel. The voltage collecting module 4 transmits the collected real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 to the controller 54 and the control management module 3.

The controller 54 determines whether the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery 1 reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold. If so, the controller 54 controls the voltage switch 51 to turn on the discharge module 5, and the power conversion element 52 is discharged. The temperature switch 53 monitors the temperature of the electric energy conversion element 52 in real time, and when the temperature reaches the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, the temperature switch 53 is turned off to stop the discharge.

The control management module 3 is connected to the main switch 2 of the charging circuit, and the charging circuit is connected to the charger 6 to charge each of the individual lithium batteries 1. The control management module 3 determines whether the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery 1 reaches a predetermined rated charging voltage protection value. If the real-time voltage of a certain single-cell lithium battery 1 reaches a predetermined rated charging voltage protection value, the control management module 3 turns off the main switch of the charging circuit to suspend charging. The control management module 3 also adds the real-time voltages of all the individual lithium batteries 1 to determine whether the sum of the real-time voltages of all the individual lithium batteries 1 reaches the predetermined rated total charging voltage. If the sum of the real-time voltages of all the single-cell lithium batteries 1 reaches the predetermined rated total charging voltage, the charging is completed, and the control management module 3 controls the main switch of the charging circuit to be turned off.

Such a battery pack can monitor the real-time voltage of each single lithium battery in real time, and perform corresponding operations according to the real-time voltage condition and the temperature condition of the electric energy conversion element, including starting discharge, stopping discharging, suspending charging, continuing charging, and stopping charging. Wait for the battery pack to be safely charged and to achieve sufficient power.

A schematic diagram of one embodiment of the charge management system of the present invention is shown in FIG. Charging The management system includes a plurality of discharge modules 5, each of which can be connected in parallel across the single lithium battery 1. The discharge module 5 includes a power conversion element 52 and a temperature switch 53 that are connected in series.

When the single lithium battery 1 is charged to reach a predetermined charging threshold, the power conversion element 52 of the discharge module 5 discharges the single lithium battery 1. When the temperature switch 53 detects that the temperature of the electric energy conversion element 52 reaches the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, the temperature switch is turned off, and the electric energy conversion element 52 stops discharging.

The charging management system has a temperature switch serially connected to the electric energy conversion component. When discharging the single lithium battery, the temperature switch can timely detect that the temperature of the electric energy conversion unit reaches a predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold and stop discharging in time, thereby It can control in time when the temperature is too high, prevent the temperature from rising, prevent the components from overheating, and effectively improve the safety.

In one embodiment, when the temperature switch 53 detects that the temperature of the electrical energy conversion element 52 is lower than the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, the temperature switch 53 conducts the energy conversion element so that the discharge module 5 needs to discharge the single lithium battery 1 Can work normally. Such a charge management system ensures that the discharge is normally performed while preventing overheating of the components.

In one embodiment, the discharge module 5 includes, in addition to the electrical energy conversion element 52 and the temperature switch 53, a voltage switch 51 in series with the electrical energy conversion element 52 and the temperature switch 53. When the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the voltage switch 51 turns on the discharge module 5 and discharges through the electric energy conversion element 52.

Such a charging management system can discharge in time when the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery of the battery pack reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, thereby preventing the battery pack from being overcharged due to uneven charging of the battery pack, preventing the lithium battery from exploding and improving safety. Sex.

When the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 does not reach the predetermined equalization voltage threshold and the temperature of the electric energy conversion element 52 reaches the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, the voltage switch 51 is turned off, the temperature switch 53 is turned off, and the discharge module 5 is turned off. The power conversion element 52 is not discharged.

Such a charge management system can discharge a single lithium battery when the voltage of the single lithium battery of the battery pack reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold and the temperature of the power conversion module does not reach the predetermined overheat temperature protection threshold, while preventing overcharging while avoiding The component temperature is too high for added safety.

In one embodiment, the discharge module 5 includes a controller 54. The controller 54 can determine whether the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery 1 reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold. When the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the controller 54 controls the voltage switch 51 to turn on the discharge module 5; when the implemented voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 is less than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the controller 54 The control voltage switch 51 is turned off. Such a charging management system can timely determine that the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery of the battery pack reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, and timely discharges the discharge module to prevent overcharging of the battery.

In one embodiment, the voltage collecting module 4 is also connected in parallel with the single lithium battery 1 . The voltage collecting module 4 can monitor the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery 1 in real time, and transmit the real-time voltage to the controller 54 in real time, so that the controller 54 can control the state of the voltage switch 51 according to the real-time voltage in time. Such a charging management system is capable of real-time operation of a single lithium battery of a battery pack The voltage is monitored in real time to ensure timely discharge of the single lithium battery by the discharge module.

In one embodiment, the charge management system further includes a control management module 3 coupled to the charging circuit. The control management module 3 is capable of acquiring the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery 1 and controlling the state of the charging circuit. In one embodiment, all of the voltage collection modules 4 are connected to the control management module 3 to transmit the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery 1 to the control management module 3 in real time. In one embodiment, when the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 reaches a predetermined rated charging voltage protection value, the control management module 3 controls the charging circuit to be turned off, and stops charging the battery pack. In one embodiment, the predetermined nominal charging voltage protection value is slightly greater than a predetermined equalization voltage threshold. Such a charging management system can stop charging in time when the discharge efficiency is not high or the temperature of the electric energy conversion element reaches a predetermined temperature threshold and can be discharged, thereby improving safety.

In another embodiment, when the sum of the real-time voltages of all of the single-cell lithium batteries 1 reaches a predetermined rated total charging voltage, the control management module 3 turns off the charging circuit and the charging is completed. In one embodiment, the predetermined rated total charging voltage is slightly less than the sum of the predetermined rated charging voltage protection values of all of the individual lithium batteries 1. Such a charging management system can timely judge that the power of the entire battery pack has reached the predetermined rated total charging voltage, that is, the battery is fully charged, thereby stopping charging in time to prevent the danger caused by forgetting to cut off the charging circuit.

In still another embodiment, in the case that the charging circuit is suspended, if the control management module 3 determines that the real-time voltage of all the single lithium batteries 1 is less than the predetermined rated charging voltage protection value, and the real-time voltage of all the single lithium batteries When the sum is less than the predetermined rated total charging voltage, the control management module 3 controls the main switch 2 to close and continues to start charging. Such a charge management system can ensure that a predetermined amount of power is reached, preventing the battery pack from being used due to insufficient charging.

In one embodiment, the plurality of discharge modules 5 of the charge management system are respectively connected in parallel with a single lithium battery 1 , and the plurality of voltage collection modules 4 are also respectively connected in parallel with the corresponding single lithium battery 1 . The voltage collecting module 4 transmits the collected real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 to the controller 54 and the control management module 3.

The control management module 3 is connected to the main switch 2 of the charging circuit, and the charging circuit is connected to the charger 6 to charge each of the individual lithium batteries 1. The control management module 3 determines whether the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery 1 reaches a predetermined rated charging voltage protection value. If the real-time voltage of any of the single-cell lithium batteries 1 reaches the predetermined rated charging voltage protection value, the control management module 3 turns off the main switch of the charging circuit to suspend charging. The control management module 3 also adds the real-time voltages of all the individual lithium batteries 1 to determine whether the sum of the real-time voltages of all the individual lithium batteries 1 reaches the predetermined rated total charging voltage. If the sum of the real-time voltages of all the single-cell lithium batteries 1 reaches the predetermined rated total charging voltage, the charging is completed, and the control management module 3 controls the main switch of the charging circuit to be turned off.

Such a charging management system can monitor the real-time voltage of each single lithium battery of the battery pack in real time, and perform corresponding operations according to the real-time voltage condition and the temperature condition of the electric energy conversion element, including starting discharge, stopping discharging, suspending charging, and continuing charging. And stop charging, etc., to ensure a safe charging of the battery pack, and to achieve sufficient power.

A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the charge management system of the present invention is shown in FIG. The lithium battery pack is composed of a plurality of single lithium battery cells 1 connected in series, and the charge management system includes a main switch 2, a control management module 3, a plurality of voltage collection modules 4, and a plurality of discharge modules 5.

The main switch 2 is connected in series on the charging circuit, and can control whether the external power source and the lithium battery pack are electrically connected, that is, whether the lithium battery pack can continuously charge the respective single lithium battery 1 through the charger 6 electrically connected to the external power source.

The control management module 3 is connected to the main switch 2 signal, and the control management module 3 can control the on/off of the main switch 2, thereby realizing whether the external power supply can be supplied to the lithium battery pack. 3 within a pre-stored control management module of the lithium battery has a predetermined nominal charging voltage value V the total _{sum of} each single predetermined rated lithium battery 1 charging voltage value V protection _amount, wherein the predetermined rated charging a lithium battery total voltage value V _Total for the maximum charging capacity of lithium batteries, lithium batteries each single predetermined rated a charging voltage protection value is the highest _{amount of} the respective unit V lithium battery 1 charging capacity. In theory, V _total = V _amount * n, where n is the number of single lithium batteries in the battery pack. In actual design, V _is slightly less than V _amount *n.

The number of the voltage collecting modules 4 is the same as the number of the single lithium batteries 1, and the plurality of voltage collecting modules 4 are respectively disposed at both ends of the respective single lithium batteries 1 and used for detecting the real-time voltage across the respective single lithium batteries 1. The plurality of voltage collecting modules 4 are connected to the control management module 3 by signals, and each of the voltage collecting modules 4 can feed back the real-time voltage of the corresponding single lithium battery 1 collected by the respective voltage collecting modules to the control management module 3. When a cell voltage of any real-time voltage of the respective voltage acquisition module 4 in feedback across the lithium battery 1 reaches the predetermined rated lithium monomer corresponding to the charging voltage value V _frontal protection, or lithium single respective feedback voltage acquisition module 4 when the sum of the real value of the voltage across the battery reaches a predetermined nominal total lithium battery charging set voltage value V _total, the total control management block 3 controls the switch 2 is turned off.

The discharge module 5 is an equalization protection module of the lithium battery pack, and the number of the discharge modules 5 is also consistent with the number of the single lithium battery 1 respectively, and is respectively disposed at both ends of each of the single lithium battery 1 and used for the corresponding single lithium battery The discharge is performed, and each of the discharge modules 5 includes a discharge circuit in which a voltage switch 51, an electric energy conversion element 52, and a temperature switch 53 are connected in series. Switch 51 is turned on when the voltage reaches the set voltage in the corresponding real-time across a single lithium battery equalization predetermined _discharge voltage threshold V, lower than the set voltage corresponding to a real-time across a predetermined single lithium battery voltage equalization The threshold V is _released when it is _released . When the temperature switch 53 _through the opening member conversion element 52 thermally connected to the corresponding power conversion member 52 or the real-time temperature reaches the set power of the predetermined overtemperature protection threshold T, the corresponding element 52 or the power converter and the power conversion device of the thermally conductive member is connected to real-time temperature is lower than a predetermined overheat temperature protection is switched on the threshold value T set _too. The electric energy conversion element 52 can be a component that can convert the excess electric energy in the single lithium battery 1 into other energy forms, such as a heating resistor and a light-emitting element.

A signal voltage switch 51 is connected to the voltage controller 54 controls the switch 51 on and off, a predetermined voltage threshold V balancing _discharge prestored in the controller 54, a predetermined voltage threshold V balancing _discharge parameters in the design, usually slightly Less than the predetermined rated charging voltage protection value V _amount . The controller 54 is connected to the corresponding voltage collecting module 4 by a signal, and each voltage collecting module 4 can transmit the real-time voltage of each of the collected single lithium battery 1 to the corresponding controller 54, that is, the controller 54 passes The real-time voltage across the single-cell lithium battery 1 input by the voltage collecting module 4 determines whether the discharging circuit is turned on and starts to work, specifically: when the real-time voltage value fed back to the controller 54 by each voltage collecting module 4 reaches a predetermined equalizing voltage threshold When V is _placed , the controller 54 controls the voltage switch 51 to be turned on, the discharge circuit is turned on, and the power conversion element 52 starts to consume the voltage of the corresponding single lithium battery 1.

The temperature switch 53 can be selected from common temperature switches, such as the KSD9700 series temperature switch with bimetal as the temperature sensing element. The temperature switch 53 has a temperature sensing portion mounted on the corresponding electrical energy conversion element 52 or mounted on a component thermally coupled to the electrical energy conversion element 52 (such as a power conversion component mount to dissipate heat from the electrical energy conversion component) The temperature sensing portion is used to sense the real-time temperature of the electrical energy conversion element 52 or the component thermally connected to the electrical energy conversion component, such as the temperature sensed by the temperature sensing portion reaches the operating temperature of the temperature switch When the value (i.e., the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold T has _passed ), the temperature switch 53 is quickly turned off, and the discharge circuit is cut off, thereby achieving overheat protection of the discharge circuit.

In the working process, the main switch 2 is turned on so that the charger 6 is electrically connected to each of the individual lithium batteries 1, and at this time, the external power source can simultaneously supply electric energy to each of the individual lithium batteries 1. During the charging process, each single-cell lithium battery 1 uses the voltage collecting module 4 to collect the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery 1 and transmits it to the control management module 3. The real-time voltage collection can effectively prevent the over-charging phenomenon of the single-cell lithium battery 1 when when the control management block 3 determines the voltage of each of the feedback voltage acquisition module 4 have any of a single real-time voltage across the lithium battery 1 reaches the predetermined rated single lithium battery 1 charging voltage corresponding to _{the amount of} protection value V, the control management module 3 The control main switch 2 is disconnected, the external power supply is suspended to charge the individual lithium battery 1; and when the control management module 3 determines that the sum of the real-time voltage values of the single lithium battery fed back by each voltage collecting module 4 reaches the lithium battery pack setting When the predetermined rated total charging voltage value V is _total , the control management module 3 controls the main switch 2 to be turned off, and stops charging, at which time the charging of the lithium battery pack is completed. At the same time, during the charging process of the lithium battery pack, the real-time voltage of the two ends of the single lithium battery 1 collected by the voltage collecting module 4 is also transmitted to the corresponding controller 54 of each voltage switch 51, and the controller 54 determines whether each real-time voltage is equilibrium voltage V reaches a predetermined _discharge threshold, is reached, the controller 54 controls the corresponding voltage switch 51 is turned on, the discharge of the discharge circuit module 5 is turned on, the power converter 52 starts the power corresponding monomer lithium battery 1 Converting to other energy forms (ie, consuming the power of the single lithium battery 1), the voltage across the corresponding single lithium battery 1 will gradually decrease, and when the controller 54 determines that the corresponding real-time voltage is lower than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold After V is _released , the voltage switch 51 is turned off, the discharge circuit is stopped, and the corresponding single lithium battery 1 continues to be charged until the lithium battery pack is completed. When the discharge circuit is turned on, when the power conversion element 52 starts to perform power conversion, the temperature of the power conversion element 52 generally rises, and when the power conversion element 52 or the component thermally connected thereto reaches the temperature control switch reaches the predetermined overheat temperature protection threshold. when T _over temperature switch 53 is turned off quickly, the discharge circuit is cut, this cut does not affect the discharge circuit of the rechargeable lithium battery other.

In addition to the overcharge protection of each single lithium battery, such a charging management system can also realize the overheat protection of the discharge circuit through the temperature switch during the discharge process of the single lithium battery, the system structure is clear, the cost is low, and the reliability is low. High, making the charge management of the lithium battery pack efficient and easy to promote.

A flowchart of one embodiment of the charge management method of the present invention is shown in FIG.

In step 701, a temperature switch serially coupled to the power conversion element across the single lithium battery detects the temperature of the electrical energy conversion element. In one embodiment, the temperature switch monitors the temperature change of the electrical energy conversion element in real time. In one embodiment, the temperature switch includes a temperature sensing component that can be mounted on the electrical energy conversion component or can be coupled to the electrical energy conversion component through the thermally conductive component to facilitate timely detection of temperature changes of the electrical energy conversion component by the temperature switch.

In step 702, the temperature switch determines whether the real-time temperature of the electrical energy conversion element has reached a predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold. If the real-time temperature reaches the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, step 703 is performed; if the real-time temperature does not reach the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, step 704 is performed.

In step 703, the temperature switch is turned off and the power conversion element is suspended.

In step 704, the temperature switch is turned on, and the power conversion element is capable of discharging when it is required to discharge the single lithium battery.

In one embodiment, when the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the single-cell lithium battery needs to be discharged; when the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery does not reach the predetermined When balancing the voltage threshold, there is no need to discharge the single lithium battery, as shown in Figure 8:

In step 801, the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery is detected. In one embodiment, the real time voltage can be obtained by a voltage detection module connected in parallel across the single lithium battery.

In step 802, the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery is compared with a predetermined equalization voltage threshold to determine whether the real-time voltage has reached a predetermined equalization voltage threshold. If the real-time voltage reaches the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, step 803 is performed; if the real-time voltage does not reach the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, step 804 is performed. In one embodiment, the real-time voltage obtained by the voltage detecting module can be transmitted to the controller, and the controller can determine and control the state of the voltage switch connected to the power conversion unit in series across the single-cell lithium battery according to the determination result.

In step 803, the discharge module is turned on and the power conversion element begins to discharge. In one embodiment, the electrical energy conversion component, the temperature switch, and the voltage switch are serially coupled across the single lithium battery. When the real-time voltage reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the voltage switch is turned on. In one embodiment, when the voltage switch is turned on, if the temperature of the power conversion element reaches a predetermined overheat temperature protection threshold, the temperature switch is turned off, and the discharge module cannot be discharged; if the temperature of the power conversion element does not reach the predetermined overheat temperature The protection threshold is such that the temperature switch is closed and the discharge module is discharged, so that the temperature of the component is fully taken into account during discharge to prevent danger due to excessive temperature.

In step 804, the voltage switch is turned off and the power conversion element stops discharging. In one embodiment, the electrical energy conversion component, the temperature switch, and the voltage switch are serially coupled across the single lithium battery. When the real-time voltage does not reach the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the voltage switch is disconnected.

By such a method, the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery can be discharged in time when the predetermined equilibrium voltage threshold is reached, thereby avoiding the battery pack being charged unevenly, causing the single-cell lithium battery to overcharge, preventing the lithium battery from being exploded, and improving safety.

In one embodiment, when the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold and needs to be discharged, but the temperature of the electric energy conversion element reaches a predetermined over-temperature protection threshold, the temperature switch is disconnected and cannot be discharged for safety reasons. If the battery continues to be charged, the lithium battery will overcharge and cause danger. Therefore, it is necessary to stop charging in time to ensure safety. In another embodiment, when the sum of the real-time voltages of all of the single-cell lithium batteries reaches a predetermined rated total charging voltage, the charging is completed, the charging needs to be stopped, and power is saved while ensuring safety.

A flowchart of still another embodiment of the charge management method of the present invention is shown in FIG.

In step 901, the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery is detected. In one embodiment, the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery can be continuously detected using a voltage detection module connected in parallel across the single lithium battery. Step 902, step 904, and step 906 may be respectively performed according to the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery.

In step 902, it is determined whether the real-time voltage of the single lithium battery reaches a predetermined rated charging voltage protection value. If the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery reaches the predetermined rated charging voltage protection value, step 903 is performed; otherwise, no processing is performed.

In step 903, the control management module controls the charging circuit to suspend charging.

In step 904, it is determined whether the sum of the real-time voltages of all of the individual lithium batteries reaches a predetermined rated total charging voltage. If the sum of the real-time voltages reaches the predetermined rated total charging voltage, step 905 is performed; otherwise, no processing is performed.

In step 905, it is determined that the charging is completed, and the charging circuit is turned off to stop charging.

In step 906, it is determined whether the sum of the real-time voltages of all the single lithium batteries does not reach the predetermined rated total charging voltage, and the real-time voltages of all the single lithium batteries do not reach the predetermined rated charging voltage protection value. If the sum of the real-time voltages of all the single-cell lithium batteries does not reach the predetermined rated total charging voltage, and the real-time voltages of all the single-cell lithium batteries do not reach the predetermined rated charging voltage protection value, step 907 is performed; otherwise, no processing is performed.

In step 907, the conduction charging circuit continues to charge.

In this way, the real-time voltage of each single-cell lithium battery can be monitored in real time, and corresponding operations can be performed according to the real-time voltage condition and the temperature condition of the electric energy conversion element, including starting discharge, stopping discharging, suspending charging, continuing charging, and stopping charging. Wait for the battery pack to be safely charged and to achieve sufficient power.

It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that The invention is not limited to the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should be included in the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

A battery pack comprising a single lithium battery and a discharge module, characterized in that:

The discharge module includes a temperature switch and an electric energy conversion element, and the temperature switch and the electric energy conversion element are connected in series;

The discharge module is connected to both ends of the single lithium battery;

When the temperature switch detects that the temperature of the electrical energy conversion element reaches a predetermined overheat temperature protection threshold, the temperature switch is turned off, and the electrical energy conversion element suspends discharging.
The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein:

The temperature switch turns on the electrical energy conversion element when the temperature switch detects that the temperature of the electrical energy conversion element is lower than the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold.
The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein

The temperature switch includes a temperature sensing element mounted on the electrical energy conversion element or connected to the electrical energy conversion element through a thermally conductive component.
The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the discharge module further comprises a voltage switch connected in series with the temperature switch and the electrical energy conversion element;

When the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the voltage switch is turned on, and the power conversion element is discharged; when the real-time voltage is less than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the voltage The switch is turned off and the power conversion element stops discharging.
The battery pack according to claim 4, wherein the discharge module further comprises a controller, comparing a real-time voltage of the single lithium battery with the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, and controlling the voltage switch according to the determination result Turn on or off.
The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a control management module connected to the charging circuit, wherein when the real-time voltage of any of the single lithium batteries reaches a predetermined rated charging voltage protection value, the control management module is disconnected Turning on the charging circuit to suspend charging, wherein the predetermined rated charging voltage protection value is greater than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold;

and / or,

The control management module adds the real-time voltages of all the single-cell lithium batteries to obtain a real-time total voltage, and when the real-time total voltage reaches a predetermined rated total charging voltage, the The control management module disconnects the charging circuit to stop charging, wherein the predetermined rated total charging voltage is not greater than a sum of the predetermined rated charging voltage protection values of all the single lithium batteries;

and / or,

When the control management module determines that the real-time total voltage is less than the predetermined rated total charging voltage, and the real-time voltage of all the single-cell lithium batteries is less than the predetermined rated total charging voltage, the control management module Turning on the charging circuit to resume charging, wherein the predetermined rated charging voltage protection value is greater than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, and the predetermined rated charging total voltage is not greater than the predetermined rated charging of all the single lithium batteries The sum of the voltage protection values.
The battery pack according to claim 6, wherein said charging circuit comprises a main switch, said main switch being connected to said control management module, said control management module controlling said charging by controlling said main switch The circuit is turned on or off.
The battery pack according to any one of claims 4 to 7, further comprising a voltage collecting module, wherein the real-time voltage is detected by connecting both ends of the single lithium battery.
A charging management system comprising a discharge module, characterized in that

The discharge module includes a temperature switch and an electric energy conversion element, and the temperature switch and the electric energy conversion element are connected in series;

The discharge module is connected at both ends of the single lithium battery;

When the temperature switch detects that the temperature of the electric energy conversion element reaches a predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold, the temperature switch is turned off, the electric energy conversion element suspends discharging; when the temperature switch detects the electric energy conversion element The temperature switch turns on the electrical energy conversion element when the temperature is lower than the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold.
The system of claim 9 wherein:

The temperature switch includes a temperature sensing element mounted on the electrical energy conversion element or connected to the electrical energy conversion element through a heat conducting component;

and / or,

The discharge module further includes a voltage switch serially connected to the temperature switch and the power conversion element; when a real-time voltage of the single lithium battery reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold When the voltage switch is turned on, the power conversion element is discharged; when the real-time voltage is less than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the voltage switch is turned off, and the power conversion element stops discharging.
The system according to claim 10, wherein said discharge module further comprises a controller for comparing a real-time voltage of said single lithium battery with said predetermined equalization voltage threshold, and controlling said voltage according to the determination result The switch is turned on or off.
The system according to claim 9, further comprising a control management module coupled to the charging circuit, the control management module when the real-time voltage of any of the single lithium batteries reaches a predetermined rated charging voltage protection value Disabling the charging circuit to suspend charging; wherein the predetermined rated charging voltage protection value is greater than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold;

and / or,

The control management module adds the real-time voltages of all the single-cell lithium batteries to obtain a real-time total voltage. When the real-time total voltage reaches a predetermined rated total charging voltage, the control management module disconnects the charging. The circuit stops charging; wherein the predetermined rated total charging voltage is not greater than a sum of the predetermined rated charging voltage protection values of all the single lithium batteries;

and / or,

When the control management module determines that the real-time total voltage is less than the predetermined rated total charging voltage, and the real-time voltage of all the single-cell lithium batteries is less than the predetermined rated total charging voltage, the control management module Turning on the charging circuit to resume charging; wherein the predetermined rated charging voltage protection value is greater than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, and the predetermined rated charging total voltage is not greater than the predetermined rated charging of all the single lithium batteries The sum of the voltage protection values.
The system according to claim 12, wherein said charging circuit comprises a main switch, said main switch being connected to said control management module, said control management module controlling said charging circuit by controlling said main switch Turn on or off.
The battery pack according to any one of claims 10 to 13, further comprising a voltage collecting module, wherein the real-time voltage is detected by connecting both ends of the single lithium battery.
A charging management method, characterized in that

When the temperature switch connected to the power conversion element in series across the single lithium battery detects that the temperature of the electrical energy conversion element reaches a predetermined overheat temperature protection threshold, the temperature switch is turned off, and the electrical energy conversion element suspends discharging.
The method of claim 15 further comprising:

The temperature switch turns on the electrical energy conversion element when the temperature switch detects that the temperature of the electrical energy conversion element is lower than the predetermined superheat temperature protection threshold.
The method according to claim 15, wherein said temperature switch detects a temperature of said power conversion unit by a temperature sensing element, wherein said temperature sensing element is mounted on said power conversion element, or The electrical energy conversion elements are connected by a thermally conductive component.
The method of claim 15 further comprising:

When the real-time voltage of the single-cell lithium battery reaches a predetermined equalization voltage threshold, a voltage switch connected to the temperature switch and the electric energy conversion element serially connected to the single-cell lithium battery is turned on, and the electric energy conversion The component discharges; when the real-time voltage is less than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, the voltage switch is turned off, and the power conversion element stops discharging.
The method of claim 15 further comprising:

When the real-time voltage of any of the single-cell lithium batteries reaches a predetermined rated charging voltage protection value, the control management module connected to the charging circuit disconnects the charging circuit from suspending charging, wherein the predetermined rated charging voltage protection value is greater than the predetermined Balanced voltage threshold;

and / or,

The control management module adds the real-time voltages of all the single-cell lithium batteries to obtain a real-time total voltage. When the real-time total voltage reaches a predetermined rated total charging voltage, the control management module disconnects the charging. Stopping charging, wherein the predetermined rated total charging voltage is not greater than a sum of the predetermined rated charging voltage protection values of all the single lithium batteries;

and / or,

When the control management module determines that the real-time total voltage is less than the predetermined rated total charging voltage, and the real-time voltage of all the single-cell lithium batteries is less than the predetermined rated total charging voltage, the control management module Turning on the charging circuit to resume charging, The predetermined rated charging voltage protection value is greater than the predetermined equalization voltage threshold, and the predetermined rated charging total voltage is not greater than a sum of the predetermined rated charging voltage protection values of all the single lithium batteries.
The method of claim 19 wherein said control management module and said voltage switch acquire said real time voltage via a voltage acquisition module coupled across said single lithium battery.