WO2016185408A2 - Matériau d'apport de brasage - Google Patents

Matériau d'apport de brasage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016185408A2
WO2016185408A2 PCT/IB2016/052914 IB2016052914W WO2016185408A2 WO 2016185408 A2 WO2016185408 A2 WO 2016185408A2 IB 2016052914 W IB2016052914 W IB 2016052914W WO 2016185408 A2 WO2016185408 A2 WO 2016185408A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brazing filler
organic binder
brazing
metal mixture
powder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2016/052914
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2016185408A3 (fr
Inventor
María SÁNCHEZ MARTÍNEZ
Alejandro UREÑA FERNÁNDEZ
Javier DE PRADO ESCUDERO
Joaquín RAMS RAMOS
Original Assignee
Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidad Rey Juan Carlos filed Critical Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
Publication of WO2016185408A2 publication Critical patent/WO2016185408A2/fr
Publication of WO2016185408A3 publication Critical patent/WO2016185408A3/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B22F1/103—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing an organic binding agent comprising a mixture of, or obtained by reaction of, two or more components other than a solvent or a lubricating agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
    • B22F7/064—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts using an intermediate powder layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/3093—Fe as the principal constituent with other elements as next major constituents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the technical field of materials science and engineering. More specifically, it refers to a new brazing filler to be used in brazing procedures for example, but not exclusively, in brazing procedures intended to join two different metallic pieces that form part of a nuclear installation. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Brazing is a widely used joining technique in which filler is interposed between two different metallic pieces or components that are intended to be joined together by a brazed joint.
  • Said filler is a material (alloy) with a melting point lower than the melting points of the two metallic pieces.
  • Heat is subsequently applied to the area between the two different metallic pieces in which the filler is disposed, said heat increasing the temperature to a value that is above the melting point of the filler but it is below the melting points of the two metallic pieces.
  • the filler melts, and after the subsequent solidification, forming a brazed joint that bonds together the two metallic pieces.
  • the brazed joint also requires: avoid the formation of cracks in the joint caused, among others, by the stress produced by thermal cycling;
  • Nuclear fusion reactors are nuclear installations that have been proposed as an alternative to nuclear fission reactors. Theoretically, these nuclear installations will be able to produce 3-4 times more energy than a conventional nuclear fission reactor and do not generate radioactive wastes. Nuclear fusion reactors are currently at an experimental step, but some entities and companies, like the European Consortium for the Development of Fusion Energy (EUROFusion), expect to release their first generation of nuclear fusion reactors by 2020.
  • EUROFusion European Consortium for the Development of Fusion Energy
  • a divertor cassette In the inner part of the fusion reactor, a divertor cassette will be placed to extract the He produced in the nuclear reaction.
  • This part of the reactor is made in different pieces whose geometries can differ depending on the chosen configuration, although they are basically the same.
  • Two conceptual designs of a helium (He)-cooled modular divertor have been investigated [1 ,2].
  • HEMJ multiple jet cooling
  • HEMS slot array
  • the main design principle common to both options is the use of small tungsten (W) tiles that are in direct contact with the plasma (about 5 mm thick) as a thermal shield and sacrificial layer.
  • Tiles are brazed to a thimble-like structure made of tungsten alloy such as W-1 %La 2 0 3 (WL10), directly cooled with He (10 MPa) and operating between 600 °C and 700 °C (inlet/outlet temperatures).
  • Tile-thimble forms a cooling finger unit.
  • the cooling finger units are fixed to the supporting structure made in ODS steel (e.g. an advanced ODS Eurofer or a ferritic version of it) by means of brazing and/or mechanical interlock.
  • the design goal is to remove a heat load of at least 10 MW/m 2 and the service temperature of the W-W brazed joints can reach 1200 °C.
  • the service temperature can reach 700 °C. Therefore, it is necessary to assure that the W-steel joint withstands this temperature and that the brazing temperature of W-ODS Eurofer joint then has to be higher than 700 °C.
  • Another possibility is the use of W-steel joints in the first wall of the reactor. In the case of W-ODS Eurofer joint, the maximum service temperature is 600-700 °C and the brazing temperature of the joint then has to be higher than 700 °C.
  • the main criteria for filler selection considering the fusion reactor conditioning are: a) The filler alloy has to be compatible with the reactor environment. E.g. in the case of the Demonstration Fusion Power Reactor (DEMO), nickel (Ni), silver (Ag), gold (Au), and several other elements commonly used for filler metals are not acceptable due to the transmutation products produced in the reactor environment.
  • DEMO Demonstration Fusion Power Reactor
  • Ni nickel
  • silver Ag
  • Au gold
  • the brazing temperature (Tbr) has to be compatible with the base materials and the service temperatures.
  • the filler metal has to wet the base materials and do not form brittle intermetallic compounds either during the brazing cycle or at service temperatures over extended service life.
  • the achievement of a quality joint between W-steel involves the achievement of several difficulties, among which the main one is the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between both parent metals.
  • the main one is the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between both parent metals.
  • This difference usually implies the introduction of a filler metal with an intermedium thermal coefficient.
  • Such difference in thermal expansion coefficient causes the formation of cracks, in filler and base materials, due to the stress produced by the thermal cycling.
  • W-steel (Eurofer) joints Apart from brazing, other joining techniques have been used previously for W-steel (Eurofer) joints. Diffusion bonding is a joining solid state proceeding that consists of the application of both pressure and heat at the same time to the components that are going to be joined. An interlayer metal film can be used in order to reduce thermal stresses caused by the different physical properties of the parent materials. W-steel (Eurofer) joints made by this method have a defect-free microstructure with high shear strength values. The formation of brittle intermetallic compounds is often found.
  • One of the inconvenient of this technique is the diffusion of the alloying elements of the Eurofer in the vicinity of the joint due to the long time required at joining temperature, causing a softening process in the Eurofer diffusion affected zone.
  • Titanium (Ti) has been also investigated as a filler candidate [6].
  • the window temperature tested was between 850-950 °C obtaining good results in shear strength terms but causing a softening process in Eurofer as a consequence of the diffusion phenomenon of the alloying elements.
  • vanadium and vanadium alloys were also studied [7,8] using different temperatures in order to avoid the carbides formation at the filler-Eurofer interface. Shear strength value was 300 MPa at room temperature.
  • a coating with a composition gradient is deposited on the parent metal and used as filler, e.g. deposition of W/Eurofer layers, with low porosity, on the base material obtaining a uniform phase distribution [9,10]. Then, the components are joined by diffusion bonding.
  • Ni-Ti alloys were also tested.
  • Nickel is a widely known element employed in brazing application since the affinity of nickel to both tungsten and copper are optimum.
  • the deposited coatings were 5-200 ⁇ thick with an optimum thickness control.
  • Cu coating was deposited above the Ni one resulting in an optimum contact without porosity between the two coatings.
  • the miscibility between W and Ni was adequate, which is necessary to develop a quality W-Eurofer joint.
  • the result proves an improvement of the strength against the previous attempt.
  • Ni-Ti alloy was studied by laser brazing obtaining an adequate wettability. In contrast, high porosity was detected probably due to trapped gas inside the alloy [17].
  • Ni has been proven as a swelling inductor under neutron irradiation and its use in the mentioned joints have been forbidden.
  • brazing fillers which fulfil the above mentioned requirements and that are also suitable for joining together metallic pieces of nuclear installations, for example, nuclear fusion reactors.
  • the present invention aims to satisfy this need.
  • a first object of the present invention is a brazing filler comprising a metal mixture, characterized in that the metal mixture consists of copper (Cu) powder mixed with titanium (Ti) powder, or the metal mixture consists of Cu-Ti alloyed powder, or the metal mixture consists of Cu-Ti alloyed powder mixed with copper powder and/or titanium powder, wherein the content of Cu is between 40 and 85% of the total weight of the metal mixture.
  • the brazing filler can optionally comprise an organic binder.
  • Cu-Ti alloyed powder refers to a powder made from a Cu-Ti alloy.
  • Cu-Ti alloyed powders can be also used in the metal mixture, and the brazing filler can also optionally comprise an organic binder.
  • Titanium was selected as one of metals that forms part of the metal mixture of the brazing fillers according to the invention, because it has the following desirable properties: has a good wettability with many metals and metal alloys, particularly with tungsten (W) and steel; imparts a good strength to the welded joints (in the range of 50-200 MPa); does not became radioactive under neutron irradiation or other radioactive irradiations; the resulting brazing fillers have a brazing temperature of 900-1200 °C.
  • the presence in the brazing filler of an organic binder is merely optional.
  • the content of said organic binder is preferably between 0.5 and 20% of the total weight of the brazing filler, and more preferably 5 and 10 % of the total weight of the brazing filler.
  • a content of 5% of organic binder is specially preferred for brazing fillers intended to join parts which define flat surfaces, and a content of 10% of organic binder is specially preferred for brazing fillers intended to join parts which define curved surfaces.
  • the organic binder gives consistency to the metal powders forming the metal mixture. Simultaneously, said organic binder imparts flexibility to the brazing filler. Therefore, the presence of said organic binder is an advantageous feature since it makes easier for the brazing fillers to be laminated and to adapt themselves to the shape of the metallic pieces to be joined together, something especially important when said metallic pieces are irregular.
  • the organic binder used in a brazing filler according to the present invention optionally comprises polypropylene carbonate (PPC), propylene carbonate oleic acid and/or acetone.
  • PC polypropylene carbonate
  • propylene carbonate oleic acid optionally comprises polypropylene carbonate (PPC), propylene carbonate oleic acid and/or acetone.
  • the organic binder used in a brazing filler according to the present invention optionally comprises a dispersant and a plasticizer.
  • the brazing filler according to the present invention optionally comprises a solvent.
  • a preferred organic binder, used in the present invention comprises polypropylene carbonate (PPC) and propylene carbonate as plasticizer, oleic acid as dispersant (i.e., improves the homogeneous distribution of the metal mixture) and acetone as solvent.
  • the metal mixture present in the braze welding filler comprises copper (Cu) mixed with titanium or Cu-Ti alloyed powders, and wherein the content of copper is between 40 and 85% of the total weight of the metal mixture.
  • brazing temperature down to 960-1025 °C. It is desirable to keep the brazing temperature as low as possible, for the metallic pieces not become affected by the heat applied to form the brazed joint.
  • the content of copper is between 40 and 60 % more preferably 56%, of the total weight of the metal mixture.
  • This particular composition of the metal mixture results in a brazing filler that has a brazing temperature of approximately 1025 °C.
  • the content of copper is between 75 and 85% more preferably 80%, of the total weight of the metal mixture.
  • This particular composition of the metal mixture results in a brazing filler that has a brazing temperature of approximately 960 °C.
  • brazing fillers according to the first, second and third embodiments of the present invention are specially preferred for brazing two metallic pieces, one of said pieces made of tungsten, and the other piece made of steel.
  • a second object of the present invention is a method for obtaining brazing fillers, characterised in that it comprises the following steps: a) mixing copper powder with titanium powder, wherein the weight of Cu is between 40 and 85% of the total weight of the metal mixture;
  • An alternative method according to the present invention uses Cu-Ti alloyed powders wherein the weight of copper is between 40 and 85% of the metal alloy comprises the following steps: a) mixing the Cu-Ti alloyed powders with an organic binder, wherein the weight of said organic binder is between 0.5 and 20% of the total weight;
  • Another alternative method according to the present invention comprises the following steps: a) mixing copper powder with titanium powder, wherein the weight of copper is between 40 and 85% of the total weight of the metal mixture;
  • the metal/alloyed metal powder mixing step can be done by a rotatory milling process and the metal /alloyed metal powder/binder mixing step can be performed by manual stirring.
  • the average distance between the rollers of the laminating machine is 180- 260 ⁇ , more preferably 250 ⁇ . Consequently, the brazing filler tapes obtained with this method will have approximately the same thickness as those predefined distances between rollers.
  • the heat treatment step causes the sintering of the metal mixture, that is, the densification without melting of the Cu and Ti metal powders.
  • this step also causes the lost by pyrolysis of up to 50-90% (in weight) of the organic binder, which results in a lower amount of residues in the brazed joint.
  • a third object of the present invention is the use of a brazing filler, according to the first object of the invention, for brazing metallic pieces or components.
  • brazing filler comprising an organic binder and a metal mixture of copper mixed with titanium, or a Cu-Ti alloy
  • a brazing filler comprising an organic binder and a metal mixture of copper mixed with titanium, or a Cu-Ti alloy
  • two embodiments of the present invention relating to the metal mixture of copper and titanium, or Cu-Ti alloyed powders, are preferred.
  • One preferred embodiment has a content of copper between 40 and 60% in weight, more preferably 56% in weight, and the other preferred embodiment has a content of copper between 75 and 85%, more preferably 80%.
  • the present invention also contemplates the use of any of the above mentioned brazing fillers for brazing metallic pieces or components that form part of a nuclear installation, for example, a nuclear fusion reactor.
  • pure powders of Cu and Ti were firstly mixed together in a rotatory mill forming a metal mixture. Two different metal mixtures were produced.
  • composition of each mixture was the following: Metal mixture No.1 : Cu-20Ti
  • Cu-Ti pure powder metal mixtures (Cu-20Ti and Cu-44Ti) were divided in two portions, and each one of these portions was submitted to a different process to obtain corresponding brazing filler:
  • the first portion of the Cu-Ti metal mixture was mixed with an organic binder based on polypropylene carbonate (described below) to obtain tapes of the corresponding filler. This process is also valid for Cu-20Ti alloyed powders.
  • the second portion of the Cu-Ti metal mixtures was laminated in a laminating machine to obtain a tape with a thickness of 250 ⁇ and was subsequently submitted to a thermal treatment of 4 hours at 700 °C (for Cu-20Ti) and at 800 °C for (Cu-44Ti) that caused the sintering of the metal mixture.
  • This organic binder comprises polypropylene carbonate (PPC), propylene carbonate (as plasticizer), and oleic acid (dispersant). Acetone is also added to the brazing filler (as solvent).
  • PPC polypropylene carbonate
  • As plasticizer propylene carbonate
  • oleic acid oleic acid
  • Acetone is also added to the brazing filler (as solvent).
  • the quantity of dispersant and plasticizer was calculated taking into account the binder used in the mixture as follows: 1) dispersant: 3/5 of the total PPC weight and 2) plasticizer: 2/5 of the total PPC weight. The quantity of added solvent was 90 wt.% of the weight corresponding to the metal mixture plus the organic binder.
  • metal/binder ratios 95/5 and 90/10, i.e. the weight of organic binder where 5 and 10%, respectively, of the total weight.
  • acetone was added at a later step, in the same way described above, to dissolve the pellets.
  • the resulting braze welding fillers were subsequently laminated in a laminating machine to obtain a tape with a thickness of 250 ⁇ .
  • Brazing fillers with a metal/binder weight ratio of 95/5 are less flexible than brazing fillers containing a higher content of organic binder. Consequently, a filler with a metal/binder weight ratio of 95/5 is preferred in those cases where the metallic pieces to be joined together define a flat surface. Conversely, a higher metal/binder weight ratio, preferably 90/10, is preferred when the pieces to be joined together define a curved surface. Brazing process was carried out in a high vacuum atmosphere, brazing temperature was in the range of 960-1050 °C and brazing time was between 5 and 30 min, more preferably 10 min. Table 1 below summarizes the results obtained.
  • brazing fillers those made from Cu-20Ti are especially preferred, since they have a lower brazing temperature (960 °C).
  • fillers made with Cu- 20 ⁇ alloyed powders allow to use lower brazing time (5 min).
  • brazing fillers described above avoid the formation of cracks in a W-Eurofer steel brazed joint, produced by thermal cycling, since all of these fillers have a thermal expansion coefficient which is above the thermal expansion coefficient of W and, simultaneously, below thermal expansion coefficient of the Eurofer.
  • the brazing filler is interposed between the W and Eurofer steel pieces and it has an intermediate thermal expansion coefficient, it helps to avoid the thermal mismatch stresses, which will otherwise appear between said two pieces (caused by the difference in their thermal expansion coefficient).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un matériau d'apport de brasage, qui satisfait aux exigences requises pour les réacteurs nucléaires de fusion, lequel matériau comprend un mélange métallique constitué de poudre de cuivre mélangée à de la poudre de titane, ou des poudres d'alliage Cu-Ti, la teneur en cuivre représentant de 40 à 85 % du poids total du mélange métallique, et ledit matériau d'apport de brasage pouvant comprendre éventuellement un liant organique.
PCT/IB2016/052914 2015-05-18 2016-05-18 Matériau d'apport de brasage WO2016185408A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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EP15168049.3 2015-05-18
EP15168049 2015-05-18

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WO2016185408A3 WO2016185408A3 (fr) 2017-01-26

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109971988A (zh) * 2019-04-02 2019-07-05 东北大学 一种超高强度铜钛合金及其制备方法
CN109971995A (zh) * 2019-04-02 2019-07-05 东北大学 一种高硬脆铜钛合金及其制备方法
CN109971987A (zh) * 2019-04-02 2019-07-05 东北大学 一种砂轮基体用铜钛合金及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109930024B (zh) * 2019-04-02 2021-01-12 东北大学 一种高强韧铜钛合金及其制备方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE59810035D1 (de) * 1998-09-22 2003-12-04 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Siebdruck- oder dispensierfähige Aktivhartlotpasten und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
SE531988C2 (sv) * 2006-11-17 2009-09-22 Alfa Laval Corp Ab Lodmaterial samt förfarande för lödning med detta material
US7789288B1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2010-09-07 General Electric Company Brazing process and material for repairing a component

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109971988A (zh) * 2019-04-02 2019-07-05 东北大学 一种超高强度铜钛合金及其制备方法
CN109971995A (zh) * 2019-04-02 2019-07-05 东北大学 一种高硬脆铜钛合金及其制备方法
CN109971987A (zh) * 2019-04-02 2019-07-05 东北大学 一种砂轮基体用铜钛合金及其制备方法

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WO2016185408A3 (fr) 2017-01-26
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