WO2016183765A1 - 可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统及船舶压载水处理方法 - Google Patents

可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统及船舶压载水处理方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016183765A1
WO2016183765A1 PCT/CN2015/079172 CN2015079172W WO2016183765A1 WO 2016183765 A1 WO2016183765 A1 WO 2016183765A1 CN 2015079172 W CN2015079172 W CN 2015079172W WO 2016183765 A1 WO2016183765 A1 WO 2016183765A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ballast water
valve
filter
dosing
water treatment
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PCT/CN2015/079172
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘光洲
段东霞
姚萍
Original Assignee
青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司
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Application filed by 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 filed Critical 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司
Priority to US15/574,835 priority Critical patent/US10940930B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2015/079172 priority patent/WO2016183765A1/zh
Priority to JP2017566179A priority patent/JP6653337B2/ja
Priority to DK15892144.5T priority patent/DK3299344T3/da
Priority to KR1020177032599A priority patent/KR102033895B1/ko
Priority to EP15892144.5A priority patent/EP3299344B1/en
Publication of WO2016183765A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016183765A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J4/00—Arrangements of installations for treating ballast water, waste water, sewage, sludge, or refuse, or for preventing environmental pollution not otherwise provided for
    • B63J4/002—Arrangements of installations for treating ballast water, waste water, sewage, sludge, or refuse, or for preventing environmental pollution not otherwise provided for for treating ballast water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0036—Flash degasification
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/06—Filters making use of electricity or magnetism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B13/00—Conduits for emptying or ballasting; Self-bailing equipment; Scuppers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/008—Originating from marine vessels, ships and boats, e.g. bilge water or ballast water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ship ballast water treatment technology, in particular to a ship ballast water treatment system capable of online antifouling and a ship ballast water treatment method.
  • Ballasting is an inevitable state during the voyage of the ship. While the ship is loading ballast water, the local aquatic organisms are also loaded into the ballast tank until the ballast water is discharged after the end of the voyage. To the destination sea area. Ballast water follows the ship from one place to the ground, causing the spread of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens.
  • the International Maritime Organization adopted the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments in 2004.
  • the Convention stipulates that all ships must install ballast water treatment devices on schedule and retroactively implement existing vessels.
  • the “Convention” specifies the treatment standards for ballast water, ie the size and quantity of surviving organisms, and the type and quantity of pathogenic microorganisms (ie D-2 standard).
  • a filter with a filtration accuracy of 50 ⁇ m or 40 ⁇ m is usually used to remove large-sized filters.
  • Biological or particulate matter a large number of marine organisms adhere to the filter screen during use. Since the ship's ballast water treatment system is only activated when ballast water is added and ballast water is discharged, that is to say, the ship's ballast water treatment system is used intermittently, and the bacteria attached to the filter net during the period of filter deactivation. It will grow and multiply, eventually causing the filter to become clogged, which is the problem of fouling of the filter.
  • the present invention provides a ship ballast water treatment system capable of online antifouling and a ship ballast water treatment method.
  • the ship ballast water treatment system capable of online antifouling comprises a ballast water main road, a ballast water branch road, a dosing pipeline and a filter on the main road of the ballast water, and is located on the ballast water branch road.
  • the electrolysis unit and the dosing pump located on the dosing line are introduced into the ballast water treatment system of the ship, and the seawater is filtered by the filter and then flows to the ballast water branch and the electrolysis unit, and the seawater after electrolysis by the electrolysis unit passes through the ballast water branch Re-injection to the ballast water main line, a part of seawater after electrolysis by the electrolysis unit is injected back to the filter through the dosing pump and the dosing line after the ballast process is completed, and kept in the filter for a certain period of time.
  • the ballast water branch is provided with a dehydrogenation tank downstream of the electrolysis unit, and the seawater electrolyzed by the electrolysis unit is dehydrogenated by the dehydrogenation tank and then added to another
  • the ballast water main pipe is injected by the medicine pump.
  • an atomizing nozzle is disposed at an upper center of the dehydrogenation tank, and a spoiler module is disposed at a middle portion and a bottom portion of the dehydrogenation tank.
  • the ballast water branch is provided with a first valve and a second valve, the first valve being located between the ballast water main pipe and the inlet of the electrolysis unit, a second valve is located between the other dosing pump and the ballast water main pipe, and the first valve, the second valve and the another dosing pump are in the process of adding ballast water turn on.
  • the dosing line is disposed between the ballast water main pipe and the sewage outlet of the filter, and the connection between the ballast water main pipe and the dosing pipe The point is located downstream of the junction of the ballast water branch and the ballast water main line.
  • the dosing line is provided with a third valve and a fourth valve
  • the dosing pump is located between the third valve and the fourth valve
  • the third valve and The fourth valve is closed during the addition of ballast water, opened during the injection of the ballast water, and closed when the dosing pump is stopped.
  • the dosing line and a sewage line are connected by a three-way joint, and the dosing line is first between the three-way joint and the fourth valve a solenoid valve, the sewage line is provided with a second electromagnetic valve downstream of the three-way joint, the first electromagnetic valve is closed during the process of adding ballast water and opened during the injection process, the first The two solenoid valves open during the process of adding ballast water and are closed during the injection process.
  • the invention provides a ship ballast water treatment method capable of online antifouling, comprising the steps of: adding a dosing pipe between the filter sewage outlet of the ship ballast water treatment system and the ballast water main pipe; a dosing pump on the dosing line; starting the dosing pump after the end of the process of adding ballast water, using the dosing pump to extract a portion of the ballast water main road to be treated by the ship ballast water
  • the seawater after electrolysis of the electrolysis unit of the system is injected back into the filter from the dosing port of the filter by the dosing line; the seawater reinjected to the filter is maintained at the In the filter until the next load.
  • the dosing line is provided with a third valve and a fourth valve
  • the dosing pump is located between the third valve and the fourth valve
  • the ship ballast water The treatment method also opens the third valve and the fourth valve when the dosing pump is activated.
  • the dosing line and a sewage line are connected by a three-way joint, and the dosing line is first between the three-way joint and the fourth valve a solenoid valve, the sewage line is provided with a second solenoid valve downstream of the three-way joint, and the ship ballast water treatment method further comprises closing the first solenoid valve before the start of the process of adding ballast water And opening the second solenoid valve; the ship ballast water treatment method further comprises opening the first solenoid valve and closing the second solenoid valve after the end of the process of adding ballast water.
  • the ship ballast water treatment system and the ship ballast water treatment method of the present invention at the end of the ballast process, refill the TRO solution obtained by electrolysis of seawater to the filter and maintain it in the filter until the next ballast process Start, so that the sodium hypochlorite contained in the TRO solution can inhibit the growth and reproduction of the marine organisms in the filter during the stoppage of the ballast pump, and prevent the filter in the filter from being attached to the filter during the deactivation of the filter.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the composition of a ballast water treatment system provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hydrogen removal tank provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the spoiler module of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a front elevational view of the spoiler module of FIG. 2.
  • an on-line anti-fouling ship ballast water treatment system includes a ballast water main road 11 , a ballast water branch 18 , a hydrogen discharge line 19 , a dosing line 13 , and a sewage line . 20, and the ballast pump 1 and the filter 2 located on the ballast water main road 11, the electrolysis unit 3 on the ballast water branch 18, the dehydrogenation tank 6, the first valve 21, the second valve 22, and the a dosing pump 10, a gas water separator 5 and an explosion-proof blower 4 located on the hydrogen discharge line 19, a third valve 23, a fourth valve 24, a second dosing pump 12, and three located on the dosing line 13.
  • the connector 15 and the first solenoid valve 14 and the second solenoid valve 16 located on the drain line 20.
  • the first valve 21 to the fourth valve 24 are each preferably a manual valve.
  • ballast pump 1 and the filter 2 are sequentially disposed on the ballast water main pipe 11.
  • the electrolysis unit 3 and the deaerator tank 6 are sequentially disposed on the ballast water branch 18, and the connection point between the inlet of the ballast water branch 18 and the ballast water main line 11 is located downstream of the filter 2.
  • the first valve 21 is provided on the ballast water branch 18 between the ballast water main line 11 and the inlet of the electrolysis unit 3.
  • the electrolysis unit 3 is electrically connected to a control unit (not shown) of the ship's ballast water treatment system for electrolyzing seawater under the control of the control unit to produce a mixture of the TRO solution containing sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen.
  • the inlet of the hydrogen tank 6 is connected to the outlet of the electrolytic unit 3.
  • the hydrogen removal tank 6 is processed from carbon steel, and its volume is about 1 minute of the flow rate of the TRO solution (for example, if the flow rate of the TRO solution is 6 m 3 /h, the hydrogen removal tank 6
  • the volume should be about 100L
  • the diameter of the tank should be 3:4
  • the wall thickness of the tank is about 3-4mm
  • the inside of the tank is lined with rubber to prevent corrosion of the TRO solution.
  • the liquid inlet of the hydrogen tank 6 extends laterally to the upper center of the hydrogen removal tank 6 through an injection pipeline, and an atomizing nozzle 7 is disposed at the liquid inlet of the hydrogen removal tank 6, and the atomization nozzle 7 passes through the atomization nozzle 7
  • the hydrogen gas trapped in the TRO solution entering the hydrogen tank 6 can be rapidly precipitated from the TRO solution.
  • the atomizing nozzle 7 is about 10 cm in height from the top of the dehydrogenation tank 6, and the internal pressure of the injection line and the atomizing nozzle 7 is preferably 3-3.5 Bar in order to ensure the atomization effect. After the atomic spray of the TRO solution, most of the hydrogen has been removed, but a small amount of smaller bubbles are also contained.
  • the present invention further comprises two spoiler modules 8 in the middle and bottom of the dehydrogenation tank 6 (hereinafter referred to as the first spoiler module and the first Second spoiler module).
  • the two spoiler modules 8 are all stainless steel mesh combinations, each of which includes at least one spoiler web 25, and a spoiler mesh bracket for supporting and fixing the at least one spoiler web 25 26.
  • each spoiler module 8 includes at least two layers of spoiler nets 25, specifically, in this embodiment, Each of the spoiler modules 8 includes a three-layer spoiler network 25 that is welded and secured together by a spoiler mesh bracket 26.
  • the mesh size of the first spoiler module is 5*5 mm
  • the mesh size of the second spoiler module is 2*2 mm.
  • Each spoiler frame 26 fixes the corresponding spoiler 25 and makes the interference
  • a layer spacing of 10 to 20 mm (preferably 10 mm) is maintained between the webs 25.
  • the mesh size of the first spoiler module and the second spoiler module may also be other suitable values as long as the mesh size of the first spoiler module is satisfied. It is larger than the mesh size of the second spoiler module, and both the first spoiler module and the second spoiler module can help collect and precipitate hydrogen in the TRO solution.
  • the mesh sizes of the first spoiler module and the second spoiler module may also be equal, for example, the mesh size is 5*5 mm or both are 2*2 mm.
  • the gas-water separator 5 is disposed on the hydrogen discharge line 19 and connected to the air outlet provided at the top of the hydrogen removal tank 6.
  • the explosion-proof blower 4 is disposed downstream of the gas-water separator 5, and the air blown in is mixed with the gas passing through the gas-water separator 5, and the hydrogen gas separated from the hydrogen tank 6 is diluted below the explosion limit and discharged out of the ship.
  • the first dosing pump 10 is connected to a liquid outlet provided at the bottom of the dehydrogenation tank 6, and
  • the second valve 22 is connected to the ballast water main pipe 11, and the TRO solution from which hydrogen gas is removed is injected into the dosing point of the ballast water main pipe 11 through the first dosing pump 10.
  • a liquid level gauge 9 is further disposed on one side of the hydrogen tank 6, and the liquid level gauge 9 has a remote transmission function and can be connected to the control unit signal through the control unit and the liquid level gauge 9 and the first dosing pump 10. The cooperation can control the liquid level in the dehydrogenation tank 6 between 1/2 and 3/4 of the height of the tank.
  • the first dosing pump 10 is preferably a variable frequency dosing pump.
  • the second dosing pump 12, the third valve 23, the fourth valve 24, the three-way joint 15 and the first electromagnetic valve 14 are provided on the dosing line 13.
  • the connection point between the dosing line 13 and the ballast water main line 11 is located downstream of the connection point of the outlet of the ballast water branch 18 and the ballast water main line 11.
  • the third valve 23 is adjacent to the ballast water main pipe 11 and is located between the ballast water main pipe 11 and the second dosing pump 12.
  • the second dosing pump 12 is located between the third valve 23 and the fourth valve 24.
  • the first solenoid valve 14 is located downstream of the fourth valve 24 and is located between the fourth valve 24 and the three-way joint 15.
  • the tee joint 15 is located between the first solenoid valve 14 and the drain port 17 of the filter 2.
  • the second solenoid valve 16 is located on the drain line 20 and connects the tee joint 15 to the outside of the ship.
  • the working principle of the ship ballast water treatment system of the invention is: when the system is in the process of adding ballast water, the ballast pump 1 is used to press seawater into the filter 2, after filtering through the filter 2, the filtrate is filtered.
  • the drain port 17, the three-way joint 15, and the second solenoid valve 16 of the filter 2 are discharged from the ship, and the filtered seawater enters the ballast water main pipe 11.
  • a part of the seawater in the ballast water main road 11 is directly injected into the ballast tank, and the other part is electrolyzed into the electrolysis unit 3 to generate a TRO solution and hydrogen gas.
  • the TRO solution is mixed with hydrogen gas to enter the dehydrogenation tank 6, and the hydrogen removal tank 6 is used to remove the hydrogen gas from the dehydrogenation tank 6.
  • the TRO solution is separated and further separated by the gas-water separator 5, mixed with the air introduced by the explosion-proof blower 4, diluted and discharged out of the ship, and the TRO solution separated from the hydrogen is under the action of the first dosing pump 10. It is injected back to the ballast water main road 11.
  • the third valve 23, the fourth valve 24, the first solenoid valve 14 and the second dosing pump 12 are opened, and the second solenoid valve 16 is turned off,
  • the second dosing pump 12 extracts a certain amount of filtered, electrolyzed, and dehydrogenated seawater from the ballast water main line 11, and injects it into the filter 2 through the drain port 17 of the filter 2, when the second dosing
  • the second dosing pump 12 and the third valve 23, the fourth valve 24 and the first solenoid valve 14 connected to the drain port 17 of the filter 2 are closed to keep the treated seawater in the filter. 2, until the next ballast.
  • the ship ballast water treatment system of the present invention includes at least the following advantages:
  • the ship ballast water treatment system of the present invention refills the TRO solution obtained by electrolysis of seawater into the filter 2 and holds it in the filter 2 until the start of the next ballast process, thereby making the TRO
  • the sodium hypochlorite contained in the solution can inhibit the growth and reproduction of the marine organisms in the filter 2 during the stoppage of the ballast pump 1, and prevent the filter inside the filter 2 from being deactivated during the filter 2 due to the sea attached thereto. The clogging of the filter 2 caused by the massive growth and reproduction of the organism.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the ballast pump 1 has a nominal flow rate of 2000 m 3 /h.
  • the arrangement of the ship's ballast water treatment system of the present invention on board is shown in FIG.
  • a three-way joint 15 is installed in the drain port 17 of the filter 2, and at the end of the ballast process (i.e., when the ballast pump 1 is stopped), a certain amount of the pump is discharged from the ballast water main line 11 by the second dosing pump 12.
  • the seawater treated by the filtration and electrolysis unit 3 is injected into the filter 2 via the dosing line 13 and the tee fitting 15, and the second dosing pump 12 is operated for 3 minutes while the second dosing pump 12 is stopped. All of the valves (i.e., the third valve 23, the fourth valve 24, and the first solenoid valve 14) that connect the drain port 17 of the filter 2 are closed, so that the treated seawater is held in the filter 2 until the next ballast.
  • the filter 2 In the actual ship application for 2 years, the filter 2 has never experienced a flow drop or clogging due to fouling. After 2 years, the filter 2 is dismantled for inspection, and the filter of the filter 2 does not bio-adhere, and does not need to be performed. Manual cleaning.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the ballast pump 1 has a nominal flow rate of 4000 m 3 /h.
  • the arrangement of the ship's ballast water treatment system of the present invention on board is shown in FIG.
  • a three-way joint 15 is installed in the drain port 17 of the filter 2, and at the end of the ballast process (i.e., when the ballast pump 1 is stopped), a certain amount of the pump is discharged from the ballast water main line 11 by the second dosing pump 12.
  • the seawater treated by the filtration and electrolysis unit 3 is injected into the filter 2 via the dosing line 13 and the tee fitting 15, and the second dosing pump 12 is operated for 4 minutes while the second dosing pump 12 is stopped. All of the valves (i.e., the third valve 23, the fourth valve 24, and the first solenoid valve 14) that connect the drain port 17 of the filter 2 are closed, so that the treated seawater is held in the filter 2 until the next ballast.
  • the filter 2 In the actual ship application for 2 years, the filter 2 has never experienced a flow drop or clogging due to fouling. After 2 years, the filter 2 is dismantled for inspection, and the filter of the filter 2 does not bio-adhere, and does not need to be performed. Manual cleaning.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • the ballast pump 1 has a nominal flow rate of 3000 m 3 /h.
  • the arrangement of the ship's ballast water treatment system of the present invention on board is shown in FIG.
  • a three-way joint 15 is installed in the drain port 17 of the filter 2, and at the end of the ballast process (i.e., when the ballast pump 1 is stopped), a certain amount of the pump is discharged from the ballast water main line 11 by the second dosing pump 12.
  • the seawater treated by the filtration and electrolysis unit 3 is injected into the filter 2 via the dosing line 13 and the tee fitting 15, and the second dosing pump 12 is operated for 5 minutes while the second dosing pump 12 is stopped. All of the valves (i.e., the third valve 23, the fourth valve 24, and the first solenoid valve 14) that connect the drain port 17 of the filter 2 are closed, so that the treated seawater is held in the filter 2 until the next ballast.
  • the filter 2 In the actual ship application for 2 years, the filter 2 has never experienced a flow drop or clogging due to fouling. After 2 years, the filter 2 is dismantled for inspection, and the filter of the filter 2 does not bio-adhere, and does not need to be performed. Manual cleaning.
  • the ship ballast water treatment system and the ship ballast water treatment method of the present invention at the end of the ballast process, refill the TRO solution obtained by electrolysis of seawater to the filter and maintain it in the filter until the next ballast process Start, so that the sodium hypochlorite contained in the TRO solution can inhibit the growth and reproduction of the marine organisms in the filter during the stoppage of the ballast pump, and prevent the filter in the filter from being attached to the filter during the deactivation of the filter.

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Abstract

一种可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统，包括压载水主管路（11）、压载水支路（18）、加药管路（13）以及位于压载水主管路（11）上的过滤器（2）、位于压载水支路（18）上的电解单元（3）和位于加药管路（13）上的加药泵（12），引入船舶压载水处理系统的一部分海水经过滤器（2）过滤后流向压载水支路（18）和电解单元（3），经电解单元（3）电解后的一部分海水在压载过程结束后经加药泵（12）和加药管路（13）注回至过滤器（2），并在过滤器（2）中保持一定时长。在压载过程结束时，将海水经电解处理后得到的TRO溶液回注至过滤器（2）并在过滤器（2）中保持至下一个压载过程开始，使TRO溶液中所含的次氯酸钠可以在压载泵（1）停止工作期间抑制过滤器（2）内海生物的生长和繁殖。还公开了一种可在线防污的船舶压载水处理方法。

Description

可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统及船舶压载水处理方法 技术领域
本发明涉及船舶压载水处理技术，特别是涉及一种可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统及船舶压载水处理方法。
背景技术
在船舶航行过程中，压载是一种必然的状态，船舶在加装压载水的同时，当地的水生物也随之被装入到压载舱中，直至航程结束后随压载水排放到目的地海域。压载水跟随船舶从一地到它地，从而引起了有害水生物和病原体的传播。为有效控制和防止船舶压载水传播有害水生物和病原体，国际海事组织(IMO)于2004年通过了《船舶压载水和沉积物控制和管理国际公约》。“公约”规定所有船舶必须按照时间表安装压载水处理装置，并对现有船只追溯实施。“公约”对压载水的处理标准，即可存活生物的尺寸及数量、病原体微生物的种类及数量作了明确规定(即D-2标准)。
在目前的船舶压载水处理系统中，绝大部分采用过滤技术加物理方法或化学方法灭活，在过滤技术中，通常是采用过滤精度为50μm或40μm的过滤器，以去除尺寸较大的生物或颗粒物，在使用过程中会有大量的海洋生物附着在过滤器的滤网上。由于船舶压载水处理系统只有在加装压载水和排出压载水时才启用，也就是说船舶压载水处理系统是间歇使用的，在过滤器停用期间，附着在滤网上的生物会大量生长繁殖，最终造成过滤器的堵塞，这就是过滤器的污损问题。
针对过滤器的污损问题，目前国内外尚无船舶压载水处理系统用过滤器的在线全自动防污方法和装置，对于已发生污损的过滤器只能手工拆卸清理。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统及船舶压载水处理方法。
本发明提供的可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统包括压载水主管路、压载水支路、加药管路以及位于压载水主管路上的过滤器、位于压载水支路上的电解单元和位于加药管路上的加药泵，引入船舶压载水处理系统的一部分海水经过滤器过滤后流向压载水支路和电解单元，经电解单元电解后的海水经压载水支路回注到压载水主管路，经电解单元电解后的一部分海水在压载过程结束后经加药泵和加药管路回注至过滤器，并在过滤器中保持一定时长。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述压载水支路在所述电解单元的下游设有除氢罐，所述经电解单元电解后的海水经所述除氢罐除氢后在另一加药泵的作用下注入所述压载水主管路。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述除氢罐的上部中央设有一雾化喷头，且所述除氢罐的中部和底部设有扰流模组。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述压载水支路上设有第一阀门和第二阀门，所述第一阀门位于所述压载水主管路和所述电解单元的入口之间，所述第二阀门位于所述另一加药泵和所述压载水主管路之间，所述第一阀门、所述第二阀门及所述另一加药泵在加装压载水的过程中打开。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述加药管路设于所述压载水主管路和所述过滤器的排污口之间，所述压载水主管路和所述加药管路的连接点位于所述压载水支路的出口和所述压载水主管路的连接点的下游。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述加药管路上设有第三阀门和第四阀门，所述加药泵位于所述第三阀门和所述第四阀门之间，所述第三阀门和所述第四阀门在加装压载水的过程中关闭，在装好压载水后的注药过程中打开，并在所述加药泵停止时关闭。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述加药管路和一排污管路通过一三通接头相连，所述加药管路在所述三通接头和所述第四阀门之间设有第一电磁阀，所述排污管路在所述三通接头的下游设有第二电磁阀，所述第一电磁阀在加装压载水的过程中关闭并在注药过程中打开，所述第二电磁阀在加装压载水的过程中打开并在注药过程中关闭。
本发明提供的可在线防污的船舶压载水处理方法，包括如下步骤：在船舶压载水处理系统的过滤器排污口和压载水主管路之间加装加药管路和位于 所述加药管路上的加药泵；在加装压载水的进程结束后启动所述加药泵，利用所述加药泵由所述压载水主管路抽取一部分经船舶压载水处理系统的电解单元电解后的海水，将其由所述加药管路通过所述过滤器的所述排污口回注至所述过滤器中；将回注至所述过滤器的海水保持在所述过滤器中，直至下一次加载。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述加药管路上设有第三阀门和第四阀门，所述加药泵位于所述第三阀门和所述第四阀门之间，所述船舶压载水处理方法在启动所述加药泵时还打开所述第三阀门和所述第四阀门。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述加药管路和一排污管路通过一三通接头相连，所述加药管路在所述三通接头和所述第四阀门之间设有第一电磁阀，所述排污管路在所述三通接头的下游设有第二电磁阀，所述船舶压载水处理方法在加装压载水的进程开始之前还包括关闭所述第一电磁阀和打开所述第二电磁阀；所述船舶压载水处理方法在加装压载水的进程结束后还包括打开所述第一电磁阀并关闭所述第二电磁阀。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案的有益效果是：
本发明的船舶压载水处理系统和船舶压载水处理方法在压载过程结束时，将海水经电解处理后得到的TRO溶液回注至过滤器并在过滤器中保持至下一个压载过程开始，从而使TRO溶液中所含的次氯酸钠可以在压载泵停止工作期间抑制过滤器内海生物的生长和繁殖，起到防止过滤器内的滤网在过滤器停用期间，因其上附着的海生物的大量生长和繁殖，所造成的过滤器的堵塞。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本发明的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举实施例，并配合附图，详细说明如下。
附图概述
图1所示为本发明提供的压载水处理系统的组成框图。
图2所示为本发明提供的除氢罐的结构示意图。
图3所示为图2中扰流模组的俯视示意图。
图4所示为图2中扰流模组的主视示意图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效，以下结合附图及较佳实施例，对依据本发明提出的可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统及船舶压载水处理方法的具体实施方式、结构、特征及其功效，详细说明如下：
有关本发明的前述及其它技术内容、特点及功效，在以下配合参考图式的较佳实施例的详细说明中将可清楚呈现。通过具体实施方式的说明，当可对本发明为达成预定目的所采取的技术手段及功效得以更加深入且具体的了解，然而所附图式仅是提供参考与说明之用，并非用来对本发明加以限制。
请参阅图1，本发明提供的可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统包括压载水主管路11、压载水支路18、排氢管路19、加药管路13、排污管路20，以及位于压载水主管路11上的压载泵1和过滤器2，位于压载水支路18上的电解单元3、除氢罐6、第一阀门21、第二阀门22及第一加药泵10，位于排氢管路19上的气水分离器5和防爆鼓风机4，位于加药管路13上的第三阀门23、第四阀门24、第二加药泵12、三通接头15及第一电磁阀14，以及位于排污管路20上的第二电磁阀16。其中，第一阀门21至第四阀门24均优选为手动阀。
具体地，压载泵1及过滤器2依序设于压载水主管路11上。
电解单元3及除氢罐6依序设于压载水支路18上，且压载水支路18的入口与压载水主管路11的连接点位于过滤器2的下游。
第一阀门21设于压载水支路18上，位于在压载水主管路11与电解单元3的入口之间。电解单元3与船舶压载水处理系统的控制单元(图未示)电连接，用于在控制单元的控制下电解海水而产生含次氯酸钠的TRO溶液和氢气的混合物。
除氢罐6的入口与电解单元3的出口相连。请一并参阅图2至图4，除氢罐6由碳钢加工而成，其容积约为TRO溶液1分钟的流量(例如，若TRO溶液的流量为6m3/h，则除氢罐6的容积应为100L左右)，罐体的直径与高的比例应以3：4为宜，罐体壁厚约为3-4mm，且罐体内部衬胶以防止TRO溶液的腐蚀。除氢罐6的入液口经过一喷射管路横向延伸至除氢罐6的上部中央，在除氢罐6的入液口处设有一雾化喷头7，经过雾化喷头7的雾化作用，进入除氢罐6的TRO溶液中所夹杂的氢气可以从TRO溶液中快速析出。雾化喷头7在除氢罐6的高度方向距离灌顶10cm左右，并且，为了保证雾化效果，喷射管路及雾化喷头7的内部压力最好为3-3.5Bar。TRO溶液经雾化喷淋后，已除去大部分氢气，但还会含有少量较小的气泡。
为了进一步提高除氢效率，去除TRO溶液中残存的小气泡，本发明在除氢罐6的中部和底部还设有两个扰流模组8(下文分别称为第一扰流模组和第二扰流模组)。在本实施例中，这两个扰流模组8均为不锈钢网组合，其各自包括至少一层扰流网25，以及用于支撑和固定该至少一层扰流网25的扰流网支架26。在本实施例中，扰流网25和扰流网支架26都是由316L不锈钢制成，且各扰流模组8均包括至少两层扰流网25，具体地，在本实施例中，各扰流模组8均包括三层扰流网25，这三层扰流网25通过扰流网支架26焊接固定在一起。第一扰流模组的网孔尺寸为5*5mm，第二扰流模组的网孔尺寸为2*2mm，各扰流网支架26把对应的扰流网25固定在一起，并使扰流网25之间保持10～20mm(最好为10mm)的层间距。可以理解地，在本发明的其它实施例中，第一扰流模组和第二扰流模组的网孔尺寸也可以为其它合适的数值，只要满足第一扰流模组的网孔尺寸大于第二扰流模组的网孔尺寸，且第一扰流模组和第二扰流模组均可以帮助聚集和析出TRO溶液中的氢气即可。当然，在本发明的实施例中，第一扰流模组和第二扰流模组的网孔尺寸也可以相等，例如网孔尺寸均为5*5mm或均为2*2mm。
请继续参阅图1及图2，气水分离器5设于排氢管路19上且与除氢罐6顶部所设的出气口相连。防爆鼓风机4设于气水分离器5的下游，其鼓入的空气与经过气水分离器5的气体混合，将除氢罐6分离出的氢气稀释到爆炸极限以下后排出船外。第一加药泵10与设于除氢罐6底部的出液口相连，且 通过第二阀门22与压载水主管路11相连，去除了氢气的TRO溶液通过第一加药泵10注入到压载水主管路11的加药点。另外，除氢罐6的一侧还设有液位计9，液位计9带有远传功能而可以与控制单元信号连接，通过控制单元与液位计9和第一加药泵10的协同合作可以将除氢罐6内的液位控制在罐体高度的1/2至3/4之间。为了更好的控制除氢罐6内的液位，第一加药泵10最好为可变频加药泵。
第二加药泵12、第三阀门23、第四阀门24、三通接头15及第一电磁阀14设于加药管路13上。加药管路13与压载水主管路11的连接点位于压载水支路18的出口与压载水主管路11的连接点的下游。第三阀门23靠近压载水主管路11，位于压载水主管路11与第二加药泵12之间。第二加药泵12位于第三阀门23和第四阀门24之间。第一电磁阀14位于第四阀门24的下游，且位于第四阀门24和三通接头15之间。三通接头15位于第一电磁阀14和过滤器2的排污口17之间。第二电磁阀16位于排污管路20上，且连接三通接头15与船外。
本发明的船舶压载水处理系统的工作原理是：当系统处于加装压载水的过程中时，利用压载泵1将海水压入过滤器2，经过滤器2过滤之后，滤出物经过滤器2的排污口17、三通接头15及第二电磁阀16排出船外，而过滤后的海水则进入压载水主管路11。压载水主管路11中的一部分海水直接注入压载舱，另一部分则进入电解单元3电解而产生TRO溶液和氢气，TRO溶液夹杂着氢气进入除氢罐6，利用除氢罐6把氢气从TRO溶液中分离出来，并经气水分离器5进一步分离后与防爆鼓风机4引进的空气混合、稀释后排出船外，而与氢气分离后的TRO溶液则在第一加药泵10的作用下被注回压载水主管路11。当压载过程结束(即压载泵1停止工作)后，打开第三阀门23、第四阀门24、第一电磁阀14及第二加药泵12，并关掉第二电磁阀16，用第二加药泵12从压载水主管路11抽取一定量的经过过滤、电解及除氢处理的海水，经由过滤器2的排污口17将其注入到过滤器2中，当第二加药泵12运行一定时间后，关闭第二加药泵12及与过滤器2的排污口17相连的第三阀门23、第四阀门24和第一电磁阀14，使处理过的海水保持在过滤器2中，直至下一次压载。
综上所述，本发明的船舶压载水处理系统至少包括如下优点：
本发明的船舶压载水处理系统在压载过程结束时，将海水经电解处理后得到的TRO溶液回注至过滤器2并在过滤器2中保持至下一个压载过程开始，从而使TRO溶液中所含的次氯酸钠可以在压载泵1停止工作期间抑制过滤器2内海生物的生长和繁殖，起到防止过滤器2内的滤网在过滤器2停用期间，因其上附着的海生物的大量生长和繁殖，所造成的过滤器2的堵塞。
最后，本发明以具体的实施例来说明其所达到的效果：
实施例一：
在一艘72000DWT的化学品船上应用本发明的防污技术，压载泵1的额定流量为2000m3/h。本发明的船舶压载水处理系统在船上的布置见图1。
在过滤器2的排污口17安装一个三通接头15，在压载过程结束时(即压载泵1停止工作时)，用第二加药泵12从压载水主管路11抽取一定量的经过过滤和电解单元3处理的海水，经由加药管路13和三通接头15注入到过滤器2中，第二加药泵12运行3分钟，在第二加药泵12停止运行的同时，关闭连接过滤器2排污口17的所有阀门(即第三阀门23、第四阀门24和第一电磁阀14)，使处理过的海水保持在过滤器2中，直至下一次压载。
实船应用2年中，过滤器2从未发生由于污损而造成的流量下降或堵塞现象，2年后拆开过滤器2进行检查，过滤器2的滤网未发生生物附着，不需要进行手工清理。
实施例二：
在一艘350000DWT矿砂船上应用本发明的防污技术，压载泵1的额定流量为4000m3/h。本发明的船舶压载水处理系统在船上的布置见图1。
在过滤器2的排污口17安装一个三通接头15，在压载过程结束时(即压载泵1停止工作时)，用第二加药泵12从压载水主管路11抽取一定量的经过过滤和电解单元3处理的海水，经由加药管路13和三通接头15注入到过滤器2中，第二加药泵12运行4分钟，在第二加药泵12停止运行的同时，关闭连接过滤器2排污口17的所有阀门(即第三阀门23、第四阀门24和第一电磁阀14)，使处理过的海水保持在过滤器2中，直至下一次压载。
实船应用2年中，过滤器2从未发生由于污损而造成的流量下降或堵塞现象，2年后拆开过滤器2进行检查，过滤器2的滤网未发生生物附着，不需要进行手工清理。
实施例三：
在一艘180000DWT散货船上应用本发明的防污技术，压载泵1的额定流量为3000m3/h。本发明的船舶压载水处理系统在船上的布置见图1。
在过滤器2的排污口17安装一个三通接头15，在压载过程结束时(即压载泵1停止工作时)，用第二加药泵12从压载水主管路11抽取一定量的经过过滤和电解单元3处理的海水，经由加药管路13和三通接头15注入到过滤器2中，第二加药泵12运行5分钟，在第二加药泵12停止运行的同时，关闭连接过滤器2排污口17的所有阀门(即第三阀门23、第四阀门24和第一电磁阀14)，使处理过的海水保持在过滤器2中，直至下一次压载。
实船应用2年中，过滤器2从未发生由于污损而造成的流量下降或堵塞现象，2年后拆开过滤器2进行检查，过滤器2的滤网未发生生物附着，不需要进行手工清理。
以上所述，仅是本发明的实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
工业实用性
本发明的船舶压载水处理系统和船舶压载水处理方法在压载过程结束时，将海水经电解处理后得到的TRO溶液回注至过滤器并在过滤器中保持至下一个压载过程开始，从而使TRO溶液中所含的次氯酸钠可以在压载泵停止工作期间抑制过滤器内海生物的生长和繁殖，起到防止过滤器内的滤网在过滤器停用期间，因其上附着的海生物的大量生长和繁殖，所造成的过滤器的 堵塞。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统，包括压载水主管路(11)、压载水支路(18)以及位于压载水主管路(11)上的过滤器(2)和位于压载水支路(18)上的电解单元(3)，引入船舶压载水处理系统的一部分海水经过滤器(2)过滤后流向压载水支路(18)和电解单元(3)，经电解单元(3)电解后的海水经压载水支路(18)回注到压载水主管路(11)中，其特征在于：所述船舶压载水处理系统还包括加药管路(13)和位于加药管路(13)上的加药泵(12)，经电解单元(3)电解后的一部分海水在压载过程结束后经加药泵(12)和加药管路(13)回注至过滤器(2)，并在过滤器(2)中保持一定时长。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统，其特征在于：所述压载水支路(18)在所述电解单元(3)的下游设有除氢罐(6)，所述经电解单元(3)电解后的海水经所述除氢罐(6)除氢后在另一加药泵(10)的作用下注入所述压载水主管路(11)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统，其特征在于：所述除氢罐(6)的上部中央设有一雾化喷头(7)，且所述除氢罐(6)的中部和底部设有扰流模组(8)。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统，其特征在于：所述压载水支路(18)上设有第一阀门(21)和第二阀门(22)，所述第一阀门(21)位于所述压载水主管路(11)和所述电解单元(3)的入口之间，所述第二阀门(22)位于所述另一加药泵(10)和所述压载水主管路(11)之间，所述第一阀门(21)、所述第二阀门(22)及所述另一加药泵(10)在加装压载水的过程中打开。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统，其特征在于：所述加药管路(13)设于所述压载水主管路(11)和所述过滤器(2)的排污口(17)之间，所述压载水主管路(11)和所述加药管路(13)的连接点位于所述压载水支路(18)的出口和所述压载水主管路(11)的连接点的下游。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统，其特征在 于：所述加药管路(13)上设有第三阀门(23)和第四阀门(24)，所述加药泵(12)位于所述第三阀门(23)和所述第四阀门(24)之间，所述第三阀门(23)和所述第四阀门(24)在加装压载水的过程中关闭，在装好压载水后的注药过程中打开，并在所述加药泵(12)停止时关闭。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的可在线防污的船舶压载水处理系统，其特征在于：所述加药管路(13)和一排污管路(20)通过一三通接头(15)相连，所述加药管路(13)在所述三通接头(15)和所述第四阀门(24)之间设有第一电磁阀(14)，所述排污管路(20)在所述三通接头(15)的下游设有第二电磁阀(16)，所述第一电磁阀(14)在加装压载水的过程中关闭并在注药过程中打开，所述第二电磁阀(16)在加装压载水的过程中打开并在注药过程中关闭。
  8. 一种可在线防污的船舶压载水处理方法，其特征在于：其包括如下步骤：
    在船舶压载水处理系统的过滤器(2)排污口(17)和压载水主管路(11)之间加装加药管路(13)和位于所述加药管路(13)上的加药泵(12)；
    在加装压载水的进程结束后启动所述加药泵(12)，利用所述加药泵(12)由所述压载水主管路(11)抽取一部分经船舶压载水处理系统的电解单元(3)电解后的海水，将其由所述加药管路(13)通过所述过滤器(2)的所述排污口(17)回注至所述过滤器(2)中；
    将回注至所述过滤器(2)的海水保持在所述过滤器(2)中，直至下一次加载。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的可在线防污的船舶压载水处理方法，其特征在于：所述加药管路(13)上设有第三阀门(23)和第四阀门(24)，所述加药泵(12)位于所述第三阀门(23)和所述第四阀门(24)之间，所述船舶压载水处理方法在启动所述加药泵(12)时还打开所述第三阀门(23)和所述第四阀门(24)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的可在线防污的船舶压载水处理方法，其特征在于：所述加药管路(13)和一排污管路(20)通过一三通接头(15)相连，所述加药管路(13)在所述三通接头(15)和所述第四阀门(24)之间设有 第一电磁阀(14)，所述排污管路(20)在所述三通接头(15)的下游设有第二电磁阀(16)，
    所述船舶压载水处理方法在加装压载水的进程开始之前还包括关闭所述第一电磁阀(14)和打开所述第二电磁阀(16)；
    所述船舶压载水处理方法在加装压载水的进程结束后还包括打开所述第一电磁阀(14)并关闭所述第二电磁阀(16)。
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