WO2016178068A1 - Système et procédé de test de pages web - Google Patents

Système et procédé de test de pages web Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016178068A1
WO2016178068A1 PCT/IB2015/057825 IB2015057825W WO2016178068A1 WO 2016178068 A1 WO2016178068 A1 WO 2016178068A1 IB 2015057825 W IB2015057825 W IB 2015057825W WO 2016178068 A1 WO2016178068 A1 WO 2016178068A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
test
web page
rules
templates
elements
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2015/057825
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ilya Vladimirovich KATSEV
Vladimir Aleksandrovich POLIAKOV
Original Assignee
Yandex Europe Ag
Yandex Llc
Yandex Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yandex Europe Ag, Yandex Llc, Yandex Inc. filed Critical Yandex Europe Ag
Publication of WO2016178068A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016178068A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
    • G06F16/958—Organisation or management of web site content, e.g. publishing, maintaining pages or automatic linking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
    • G06F40/10—Text processing
    • G06F40/12—Use of codes for handling textual entities
    • G06F40/14—Tree-structured documents
    • G06F40/143—Markup, e.g. Standard Generalized Markup Language [SGML] or Document Type Definition [DTD]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
    • G06F40/10—Text processing
    • G06F40/194—Calculation of difference between files
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
    • G06F40/20—Natural language analysis
    • G06F40/205—Parsing

Definitions

  • a system may be configured to perform automatic testing of the various web pages hosted by a web server (e.g., e-commerce web server) in order to verify correctness of these web pages and to detect any errors in the layout and/or content of the web pages.
  • the testing may be periodically performed on all hosted web pages, only on newly added web pages, or only on newly updated web pages (e.g., web pages that have updated content).
  • the testing of web pages may be performed using sets of test rules and templates, which are automatically generated by the system based on analysis of previously verified web pages.
  • analyzing the web page elements of the two or more reference web pages to identify similarities and relationships among the web page elements further comprises: generating one or more regular expressions for one or more web page elements; and using the regular expressions to identify similar elements among the two or more reference web pages.
  • the method may further include identifying a category of the two or more reference web pages, and associating the generated set of test rules and set of test templates with the category.
  • verifying compliance of a test web page with the set of test template and the set of test rules may further comprise: identifying a category of the test web page; identifying a set of test rules and a set of test templates associated with the category of the test web page; and applying the set of test rules and the set of test templates to the test web page.
  • identifying a set of test rules and a set of test templates associated with the category may further comprise: identifying in a hierarchical tree structure of a plurality of nodes, wherein each node is associated with a set of test rules and a set of test templates, at least one set of test rules and a set of test templates associated with the category of the test web page; traversing the hierarchical tree structure from the identified node to the root node, and identifying sets of test rules and sets of test templates associated with each traversed node; retrieving a plurality of identified sets of test rules and sets of test templates associated with each traversed node to generate a complete set of test rules and test templates; and using the complete set of test rules and test templates for verifying the test web page.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example network architecture for testing of web pages.
  • Fig. 4 shows an example hierarchical tree structure for storing and managing test rules and templates for testing of web pages.
  • Fig. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating another example method for testing of web pages.
  • a device 102 may include at least an application module 104 (including, e.g., third party applications using an Application Program Interface (API)) and a web browser 106 (e.g., Firefox, Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Opera, and Safari) for accessing a network-based marketplace or publication systems on a server side via a network 108, such as the Internet, via a wired or wireless connection.
  • application module 104 including, e.g., third party applications using an Application Program Interface (API)
  • API Application Program Interface
  • server-side functionalities may include, e.g., providing items or products for sale over the Internet from various remote sellers via the network 108 to the devices 102.
  • the application module on device 102 may also include a third party application having access to the networked system 100 via a programmatic interface provided by API server 112 or third party server 120.
  • the API server 112 or third party server 120 may, utilizing information retrieved from the application server(s) 114, support one or more features or functions on a website hosted by one or more third parties to each device 102.
  • the third party website(s) may provide one or more promotional, marketplace, or payment functions that are supported by the relevant applications of the networked system 100.
  • the application module 104 together with the web browser 106 on each device 102 may also be used to access information provided by various web servers in private networks or files in file systems executing on each device.
  • Such an N-tier server architecture may not only allow a user interface on each device 102 (e.g., a thin client configured as a computer or a computer program for data exchange and presentation while depending heavily on another computer (its server) to fulfill its computational roles), logic (e.g., rules for data transformation and management of web page related information in accordance with aspects of the present application disclosed below) to be implemented on the server side, computer data storage and data access to be developed and maintained as independent modules on same or separate platforms (e.g., database server 116 and database(s) 118), but also allow any of the N tiers to be upgraded or replaced independently in response to changes in system development, management, and usage requirements or technologies.
  • logic e.g., rules for data transformation and management of web page related information in accordance with aspects of the present application disclosed below
  • a front end web server 110 may host one or more services, such as mobile commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems to various user devices 102.
  • the front end web server 110 may be configured to process (e.g., receiving and responding to) HTTP requests from each user device 102 for HTML pages, provide security service via, e.g., a secure sockets layer, by verifying username and password received from each user device 102, and process certificates and private/public key information required for authentication, credit card processing and other secure information.
  • the web server 110 may also be configured to facilitate file transfer from server to server, and provide indexing of site contents and keyword search capability of the site contents.
  • the web page element data analyzer 220 may perform textual pattern matching utilizing regular expressions via regular expression engine (not shown) for providing textual pattern matching as a function of an input regular expression.
  • a regular expression engine may be either a text-directed engine or a regex-directed engine, wherein a text-directed engine is a deterministic finite automation (DFA) and a regex-directed engine is a non-deterministic finite automation (NFA).
  • DFA deterministic finite automation
  • NFA non-deterministic finite automation
  • the regular expression engine may receive, retrieve, or otherwise obtain as input a regular expression and a string of textual data (indicated by HTML, for example) for which to identify matches.
  • the character strings under analysis may be forwarded to a string parser that is implemented by the web page element data analyzer 220, or another module executable by the processor 216 of the application server 210.
  • string parser may automatically identify the most common prefixes and suffixes in, e.g., equivalent and corresponding rows of texts in web pages 302 and 304, due to their recurring presence in a statistically significant portion of a group of character strings.
  • the specific position of these elements may collectively indicate a string of the letters forming the regular expression like "****” (stands for the main word “lens” of 4 letters), and "****” (represents the word “size” of 4 letters) and finally ''*****" (stands for "camera”).
  • the expression may look like “****"(lens) AND “****"(size) AND ''*****” (camera).
  • AND logical conjunction operator is a logical operator meaning that the words “lens", "size” and “camera” may be presented together in any sequence.
  • the web page element data analyzer 220 may find only two words of the expression (say “lens" and "size”).
  • the web page element data analyzer 220 may capture a pattern of a common text elements as an expression, e.g., "first from 3 to 12 are English small characters, then the punctuation symbols, and then from 7 to 9 digits.”
  • the web page element data analyzer 220 may determine a simple regular expression the following way.
  • the web page element data analyzer 220 may extract elements of the same block of the reference web pages and extract numerical information from the block. For example, for a date of announcement of the product or a date of the product release on the market. A first block may have a date (say, a year of the product announcement) "1999" and a second may have a date of (the year of the product release) "2017”.
  • the web page element data analyzer 220 may create a regular expression like ⁇ 4 ⁇ [0-9], which means that there are four digits in a row, the digits may be any varying zero to nine.
  • the web page element data analyzer 220 passes the information about HTML elements identified in the pre-verified reference web pages to a rules generator 222 and template generator 224.
  • the template generator 224 is configured to create a set of test templates for a specific category of web pages that contain listing of, for example, substantially similar (i.e., common), different, or the same elements with dynamic and changeable content embedded therein.
  • a set of templates may include one or more templates.
  • a template may be implemented as an XML-like file.
  • the rules generator 222 is configured to generated sets of test rules indicating logical, contextual and/or positional relationships between elements of the web page templates, as well as the compatibility between elements.
  • a set of rules may include one or more rules.
  • the rules may be implemented using conditional expressions (e.g., "if/then” statements) using, for example XML, Java, JavaScript or other programming languages.
  • one set of test rules may specify logical or contextual relationships between web page elements.
  • the "specifications of camera 1" element of web page 302 must include at least "color”, “model number”, “camera lens size”, “dimensions", and "digital zoom” elements.
  • the generated sets of rules and templates are passed to the web page verifier 226, which uses these rules and templates to tests the compliance and consistency of other web pages of the same category, such as newly added web pages or newly updated web pages (e.g., web pages that have updated content).
  • the web page verifier 226 may identify the category of the web page that requires testing by, for example, analyzing a URL of the tested web page. Thus, if a URL of the tested web page is
  • the web page verifier 226 may determine that the web page is associated with the category of digital camera and appropriate set of test rules and templates should be used for testing of this web page. During testing of a web page, the web page verifier 226 may check compliance of the web page elements with the sets of tests rule and templates. Particularly, the web page verifier 226 may parse the HTML code of the web page, identify text elements contained therein, and compare of the identified text elements to those stored in the associated test template. In one example aspect, simple regular expressions may be used to compare text elements of the web page with the information contained in the test template.
  • the web page verifier 226 may apply associated test rules to verify presence of logical relationships between the elements of the tested web page. Such comparison may be performed against a selected threshold value (e.g., X% difference) or a set of thresholds (e.g., one or more upper thresholds and lower threshold indicating different value sets/ranges). In one example, no or minor difference (e.g., ⁇ 5%) between elements of the tested web page and elements of the set of test templates may result in the web page verifier 226 marking the web page as "verified".
  • a selected threshold value e.g., X% difference
  • a set of thresholds e.g., one or more upper thresholds and lower threshold indicating different value sets/ranges.
  • no or minor difference e.g., ⁇ 5%
  • the web page verifier 226 may submit this web page for review to a human analyst.
  • the generated sets of test rules and templates may be saved in a local database(s) 212 of the application server 210.
  • a back-end database server and associated database 228 may be employed to allow entry, storage and retrieval of the generated rules and templates.
  • the back-end database server and associated database 228 may execute a rule manager 230, template manager 232, and an optional web page element data module 234 for efficiently organizing the generated test rules, templates and relevant web page element data obtained from the application server 210 using any suitable data structure such as relational, object-oriented, operational, NoSQL databases.
  • the rule manager 230 may store and manage obtained rules using tables and each rule may be uniquely identified with a compound identifier. A portion of such a compound identifier may operate to identify the particular table in the database 228 with which the rule is associated. Accordingly, when an identifier of a rule is called upon external to the database, such as within higher-level API code, the associated table for that rule may be easily determined from the identifier itself. In retrieval operations, this allows a desired rule to be efficiently accessed from the table on which it resides.
  • knowledge of the originating table for a rule may permit other information relating to the rule to be easily tracked and learned (e.g., based on knowledge of the various tables in the database and the types of data contain therein).
  • Each of the template manager 232 and optional web page element data module 234 may manage information stored therein in a similar manner.
  • the two sibling subcategories of "camera, photo & video” products 410 and “printers & accessories” products 412 may have different sets of test rules 2a/templates 2a and test rules 2b/templates 2b, associated respectively therewith.
  • the set of rules 2a/templates 2a may identify web page elements (and their respective relationships) common to all subcategories of camera, photo and video equipment web pages.
  • Such templates may include, for example, a "product image” element, "product video” element, “product color” element, "accessories” element, and other text elements common to all web pages of camera, photo and video equipment.
  • the web page verifier 226 will request from the rule manager 230 and template manager 232 the appropriate sets of test rules and templates for the category of digital SLRs cameras.
  • the rules manager 230 and/or template manager 232 may identify in the hierarchical tree structure of sets of rules and templates 400 a node 406 associated with the subcategory of "digital SLRs", and retrieve a set of test rules 3a and templates 3a contained therein.
  • the web page verifier 226 may in turn parse the HTML code of the test web page, identify text elements contained therein, and check the compliance of the identified text elements to the complete sets of test rules and templates received from the rule manager 230 and/or template manager 232.
  • the web page verifier 226 may simple regular expressions to compare text elements of the web page with the information contained in the sets of test rules and templates.
  • the web page verifier 226 may apply associated test rules to verify presence of logical relationships between the elements of the tested web page. Such comparison may be performed against a selected threshold value (e.g., X% difference) or a set of thresholds (e.g., one or more upper thresholds and lower threshold indicating different value sets/ranges).
  • Fig. 5 depicts an example method for testing web pages according one aspect.
  • the method 500 may be implemented by the systems 100 and 200 of Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the method 500 may include receiving, via, for example, the processor of the application server 210 of Fig. 2, two or more reference web pages, each reference web page comprising a plurality of HTML elements.
  • the method 500 may include analyzing the HTML elements of the two or more reference web pages to identify similarities and relationships among the analyzed elements.
  • the method 500 may include generating a set of test template defining at least elements common to the two or more reference web pages.
  • the method 500 may include generating a set of test rules specifying logical relationships between HTML elements of each reference web page.
  • the method 500 may include verifying compliance of a test web page with the set of test template and the set of test rules.
  • Fig. 6 depicts an example method for testing web pages according another aspect.
  • the method 500 may be implemented by the systems 100 and 200 of Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the method 600 may include identifying a category of a test web page.
  • the method 600 may include identifying a set of test rules and a set of test templates associated with the category of the test web page.
  • the method 600 may include identifying in a hierarchical tree structure of a plurality of nodes, wherein each node is associated with a set of test rules and a set of test templates, at least one set of test rules and a set of test templates associated with the category of the test web page.
  • System memory 20 may include a read-only memory (ROM) 21 and random access memory (RAM) 23.
  • Memory 20 may be implemented as in DRAM (dynamic RAM), EPROM, EEPROM, Flash or other type of memory architecture.
  • ROM 21 stores a basic input/output system 22 (BIOS), containing the basic routines that help to transfer information between the modules of computer system 5, such as during start-up.
  • BIOS basic input/output system
  • RAM 23 stores operating system 24 (OS), such as Windows® 7 Professional or other type of operating system, that is responsible for management and coordination of processes and allocation and sharing of hardware resources in computer system 5.
  • OS operating system 24
  • Memory 20 also stores applications and programs 25.
  • Memory 20 also stores various runtime data 26 used by programs 25.
  • Computer system 5 further includes a plurality of serial ports 40, such as Universal Serial Bus (USB), for connecting data input device(s) 75, such as keyboard, mouse, touch pad and other.
  • Serial ports 40 may be also be used to connect data output device(s) 80, such as printer, scanner and other, as well as other peripheral device(s) 85, such as external data storage devices and the like.
  • System 5 may also include graphics card 45, such as nVidia® GeForce® GT 240M or other video card, for interfacing with a display 60 or other video reproduction device, such as touch-screen display.
  • System 5 may also include an audio card 50 for reproducing sound via internal or external speakers 65.
  • system 5 may include network card(s) 55, such as Ethernet, WiFi, GSM, Bluetooth or other wired, wireless, or cellular network interface for connecting computer system 5 to network 70, such as the Internet.
  • the systems and methods described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the methods may be stored as one or more instructions or code on a non-transitory computer- readable medium.
  • Computer-readable medium includes data storage.
  • such computer-readable medium can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD- ROM, Flash memory or other types of electric, magnetic, or optical storage medium, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a processor of a general purpose computer.

Abstract

L'invention concerne des systèmes et des procédés de test de pages Web. Un procédé donné à titre d'exemple consiste à obtenir deux pages Web de référence ou plus, chaque page Web comprenant une pluralité d'éléments de pages Web ; à analyser, par un processeur matériel, les éléments de page Web des deux pages Web de référence ou plus afin d'identifier des similitudes et des relations parmi les éléments de page Web ; à générer, par le processeur matériel, un ensemble de modèles de test identifiant au moins une pluralité d'éléments communs aux deux pages Web de référence ou plus ; à générer, par le processeur matériel, un ensemble de règles de test spécifiant au moins des relations logiques entre des éléments de page Web de chaque page Web de référence ; et à vérifier, par le processeur matériel, la conformité d'une page Web de test avec l'ensemble de modèles de test et l'ensemble de règles de test.
PCT/IB2015/057825 2015-05-06 2015-10-13 Système et procédé de test de pages web WO2016178068A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2015116942 2015-05-06
RU2015116942A RU2632149C2 (ru) 2015-05-06 2015-05-06 Система, способ и постоянный машиночитаемый носитель для проверки веб-страниц

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016178068A1 true WO2016178068A1 (fr) 2016-11-10

Family

ID=57217967

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2015/057825 WO2016178068A1 (fr) 2015-05-06 2015-10-13 Système et procédé de test de pages web

Country Status (2)

Country Link
RU (1) RU2632149C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016178068A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110399586A (zh) * 2019-07-31 2019-11-01 深圳前海微众银行股份有限公司 web界面元素的自动化处理方法、装置、设备及介质
CN110990275A (zh) * 2019-11-25 2020-04-10 中国银行股份有限公司 一种手机银行的页面展示测试方法及装置
CN111552462A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-08-18 远景智能国际私人投资有限公司 物联网设备的设备模型构建方法、装置及存储介质
CN111597107A (zh) * 2020-04-22 2020-08-28 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 信息输出方法、装置和电子设备

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008035044A2 (fr) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-27 Yann Emmanuel Motte Procédés et appareil de sélection d'informations et de création de page web
US20090150448A1 (en) * 2006-12-06 2009-06-11 Stephan Lechner Method for identifying at least two similar webpages
US7660810B2 (en) * 1999-10-01 2010-02-09 Gautestad Arild O Method and system for publication and revision or hierarchically organized sets of static intranet and internet web pages
US7778889B2 (en) * 2000-08-31 2010-08-17 The Softad Group, Llc Modular e-commerce web site development system
US8589366B1 (en) * 2007-11-01 2013-11-19 Google Inc. Data extraction using templates

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6360235B1 (en) * 1999-03-16 2002-03-19 Webcriteria, Inc. Objective measurement and graph theory modeling of web sites
US20070005652A1 (en) * 2005-07-02 2007-01-04 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Apparatus and method for gathering of objectional web sites
KR101076522B1 (ko) * 2009-12-30 2011-10-24 엔에이치엔(주) 사이트 클러스터링 시스템 및 사이트 클러스터링 방법
US8510237B2 (en) * 2011-03-15 2013-08-13 Qualcomm Incorporated Machine learning method to identify independent tasks for parallel layout in web browsers
RU2530671C1 (ru) * 2013-07-24 2014-10-10 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Балакам" Способ проверки веб-страниц на содержание в них целевого аудио и/или видео (av) контента реального времени
CN104021185B (zh) * 2014-06-11 2017-04-05 北京奇虎科技有限公司 对网页中数据的信息属性进行识别的方法和装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7660810B2 (en) * 1999-10-01 2010-02-09 Gautestad Arild O Method and system for publication and revision or hierarchically organized sets of static intranet and internet web pages
US7778889B2 (en) * 2000-08-31 2010-08-17 The Softad Group, Llc Modular e-commerce web site development system
WO2008035044A2 (fr) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-27 Yann Emmanuel Motte Procédés et appareil de sélection d'informations et de création de page web
US20090150448A1 (en) * 2006-12-06 2009-06-11 Stephan Lechner Method for identifying at least two similar webpages
US8589366B1 (en) * 2007-11-01 2013-11-19 Google Inc. Data extraction using templates

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
GIBSON ET AL.: "The volume and evolution of web page templates;", 2005, pages 830 - 839, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.86.7191&rep=rep1&.type=pdf> [retrieved on 20151229] *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110399586A (zh) * 2019-07-31 2019-11-01 深圳前海微众银行股份有限公司 web界面元素的自动化处理方法、装置、设备及介质
CN110990275A (zh) * 2019-11-25 2020-04-10 中国银行股份有限公司 一种手机银行的页面展示测试方法及装置
CN110990275B (zh) * 2019-11-25 2023-09-22 中国银行股份有限公司 一种手机银行的页面展示测试方法及装置
CN111552462A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-08-18 远景智能国际私人投资有限公司 物联网设备的设备模型构建方法、装置及存储介质
CN111552462B (zh) * 2019-12-31 2023-12-05 远景智能国际私人投资有限公司 物联网设备的设备模型构建方法、装置及存储介质
CN111597107A (zh) * 2020-04-22 2020-08-28 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 信息输出方法、装置和电子设备
CN111597107B (zh) * 2020-04-22 2023-04-28 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 信息输出方法、装置和电子设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2015116942A (ru) 2016-11-27
RU2632149C2 (ru) 2017-10-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8707167B2 (en) High precision data extraction
US10372791B2 (en) Content customization
JP5948445B2 (ja) 製品情報を使用する外国語翻訳
US20140149845A1 (en) Method for generating websites
US20150006333A1 (en) Generating websites and online stores from seed input
US10102195B2 (en) Attribute fill using text extraction
US20150007022A1 (en) Generating websites and business documents from seed input
US20140149240A1 (en) Method for collecting point-of-sale data
US11256912B2 (en) Electronic form identification using spatial information
JP7387432B2 (ja) ネットワーク化環境における不正コンテンツに関連するデータを収集するためのシステムおよび方法
US20150287047A1 (en) Extracting Information from Chain-Store Websites
US20150227276A1 (en) Method and system for providing an interactive user guide on a webpage
US9678952B2 (en) Cross-lingual E-commerce
US9390446B2 (en) Consumer centric online product research
RU2632149C2 (ru) Система, способ и постоянный машиночитаемый носитель для проверки веб-страниц
WO2014081762A1 (fr) Générateur de magasin de commerce mobile qui extrait et convertit automatiquement des données
US10163144B1 (en) Extracting data from a catalog
US10503743B2 (en) Integrating search with application analysis
US8751508B1 (en) Contextual indexing of applications
US20170337570A1 (en) Analytics system for product retention management
US11763376B2 (en) System, manufacture, and method for efficiently identifying and segmenting product webpages on an eCommerce website
US10423636B2 (en) Relating collections in an item universe
US11372939B2 (en) Systems and methods for clustered inventory management
WO2023002366A1 (fr) Système et procédé permettant d&#39;identifier et de segmenter efficacement des pages web de produit sur un site web e-commerce
Senghout IMPROVING CUSTOMER CONVENIENCE USING E-BUSINESS (CASE STUDY: WWW. HOUTCOMPUTER. TK)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 15891263

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 15891263

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1