WO2016177920A1

WO2016177920A1 - Constructive system and method of erecting such a constructive system

Info

Publication number: WO2016177920A1
Application number: PCT/ES2016/070303
Authority: WO
Inventors: Marc Sanabra Loewe
Original assignee: Elastic Potential, S.L.
Priority date: 2015-05-01
Filing date: 2016-04-25
Publication date: 2016-11-10

Abstract

Constructive system comprising at least two elongate floor elements, each element defining a longitudinal axis parallel to its long side and a transverse axis parallel to its short side, the floor elements having a neutral axis and being arranged coplanar such that the end of a short side rests on a linear supporting element. The longitudinal vertical face of the long sides of the elements comprises a longitudinal groove extending along the longitudinal axis such that a cavity is formed between adjacent elements, said cavities being filled with grouting. The system also comprises at least one duct which extends along the cavity and a post-tensioned tendon inserted within the duct and along the full length of the elements, said duct being arranged above the neutral axis of the elements at the supporting element.

Description

CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM AND ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE OF THIS

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the field of modular construction systems in which prefabricated slab elements are used that rely on linear support elements, such as walls or beams. More specifically, the invention relates to those systems in which the slab elements comprise, on the vertical face of each of the major sides, a longitudinal groove that has the direction of the longitudinal axis such that a cavity is formed between each pair of adjacent forging elements. This cavity is intended to be finally filled with a cementitious product, thus forming the so-called shear key, which allows connecting adjacent floor elements with a connection capable of transmitting vertical shear forces.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Construction systems comprising at least two elongated floor elements are known, each floor element defining a longitudinal axis parallel to its long side and a cross axis parallel to its smaller side, the cross section of the floor elements having a neutral axis. , the forging elements being arranged coplanar so that the forging elements are adjacent to each other by one of their long sides, the end of one of the short sides of the forging elements resting on a linear support element, the elements comprising Forging in the longitudinal vertical face of each of the long sides a longitudinal groove having the direction of the longitudinal axis so that a cavity is formed between the adjacent elements, the cavities being filled with a cementitious product.

Two main drawbacks of these construction systems are their low structural redundancy and the fact that the slab elements are not suitable for resisting negative moments. In addition, the negative moments due to Service forces are particularly damaging to these elements, since the negative moment is added due to prestressing, which can lead to the formation of cracks in the upper face of the forged elements. Therefore, these elements are often designed to work with articulated ends, and the support sections have no reinforcement to withstand negative moments. As a result, this type of forging elements have larger larger edges and / or higher prestressed steel amounts than equivalent hyperstatic structures, hyperstatic structures being understood as those that have redundant embedments in one or more of their supports.

Additionally, this type of forging elements cannot be used for cantilever formation.

In order to obtain joints resistant to negative moments in support sections, it is not unusual to place passive reinforcements in these sections. This is generally done by opening grooves in the upper surface at the ends of the floor elements, and inserting passive armor that passes over the support beam, and then pouring cementitious product (mortar) into the grooves. This is a complicated solution that provides a certain continuity between the alveolar plates or forging elements, and that allows the moment diagram to rise (increasing negatives and reducing positives). However, this type of solution has practical disadvantages since it implies an inefficient work in the workshop to make the grooves at the ends of the complicated forging elements and high on-site installation costs (labor force and material consumption).

On the other hand, the final weight of the slab increases due to the increase in the amount of cementitious product poured into the open slots for the placement of the negative reinforcement. Finally, the upper face of the floor elements is more likely to crack due to the sum of the negative moment due to the prestressing and the negative moment due to the service forces.

On the other hand, it is also common to use double T elements of soil, also called Pi beams. These floor elements are constituted by an upper wing and two vertical souls arranged approximately one quarter and three quarters with respect to the upper wing, as shown in Figure 23. A drawback of these floor elements is that the adjacent side faces of contact with another forging element are very small. Therefore, in this type of forging elements the transmission of the shear forces poses a technical problem, since the thickness for its transmission is very small. One solution is to assign this function to the compression layer placed on the slab elements, which is not very thick. Another solution consists in inserting small steel elements that allow joining the floor elements on site. This solution is expensive, as it complicates prefabrication.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION To overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention proposes a construction system comprising at least two elongated forging elements, each forging element defining a longitudinal axis parallel to its long side and a transverse axis parallel to its minor side, the forging elements having a neutral axis, the forging elements being arranged coplanar so that the forging elements are adjacent to each other by one of their long sides, the end of one of the short sides of the elements resting of forging on a linear support element, the forging elements comprising in the longitudinal vertical face of each of the long sides a longitudinal groove having the direction of the longitudinal axis so that a cavity is formed between the adjacent elements, the cavities filled with a cementitious product, and comprising at least one sheath that extends through the ca life and a tensile tensile element inserted into the sheath and along the entire length of the elements, the sheath being, at the level of the support element, arranged above the neutral axis of the forging elements.

In the present description a post-tensioning tendon means the assembly formed at least by a sheath inside which there is an active reinforcement. Also the terms sheath and conduit are considered equivalent. A tendon It can also be understood by grouped sheaths, each one provided with armor inside.

Equivalent "post tension traction element" and "active post tension armor" should also be understood as equivalent.

A distinction must also be made between the assembly formed by a sheath and an active armor, which, as stated above, is a post-tensioned tendon, and an active armor without a sheath, which is a prestressed armor.

With these characteristics, once the elements supported on site on the linear element and by the subsequent tensioning of the tensioning element of post-tensioning, it can be achieved at the level of the support to resist negative moments and transmit positive moments by means of post-tensioning to the forging elements, optimizing thus its mechanical behavior.

The post-tensioning tendon can be constituted by a plurality of pods that run in parallel, each with its post-tensioning element inside. As will be seen, the post-tensioning element itself can also be composed of itself.

In some embodiments, at some other point in the cavity, at the level of a point of the unsupported elements, the sheath is disposed below the neutral axis of the forged elements.

In this way, in the unsupported points, the element can be compressed by its lower part due to the effect of negative post-tensioning moments.

In some embodiments, the linear support element is provided with a section change so that they are defined: a support edge on which the ends of the elements rest; Y an upper extension provided on one side of a face facing the extreme vertical faces of the supported ends of the elements; the tendon section arranged by the upper part of the cavity extending through through holes of the upper extension of the linear support element.

In other embodiments, the support element has its upper surface at a level lower than that of the upper part of the slab element and the tendon passes over said upper surface, and subsequently - and before post-setting - the upper part of the concrete is concreted. support element at the same time that the groove between parts and the compression layer is concreted if necessary.

Thus, if the linear support element is capable of transmitting moments, a high degree of embedment can be achieved at the level of the support element, effectively improving the mechanical behavior of the ground. The person skilled in the art knows that the fact of embedding one element in another does not necessarily imply a recess from the mechanical point of view, since for the embedment to be such the part in which the element is embedded must in turn be able to Resist moments.

In some embodiments, one end of the elements is supported and the other is not.

In this way a cantilever configuration is obtained.

In some embodiments, the two ends of the elements are supported by two linear support elements, the tendon section being below the level of the neutral axis in the central area of the element span. In some embodiments, the two linear support elements are provided with a section change so that they are defined: a support edge on which the ends of the supports are supported. elements; Y

an upper extension provided on one side of a face facing the extreme vertical faces of the supported ends of the elements; in which both sheath sections at the level of the linear supports are arranged above the neutral axis, the sheath sections arranged above the neutral axis being extended through through holes of the upper extensions of the linear elements or passing over the upper surface of the extension. In the latter case, the extension must obviously have a height less than the height of the upper surface of the floor element.

With this configuration a double embedment is achieved.

In some embodiments, the forging elements are independent prefabricated modular elements.

In other embodiments, the elements are joined at their bottom. That is, it can be a single element that has a groove above the socket, the parts being joined by the bottom of the cavity. Alveoli are understood as longitudinal lightening channels of the elements.

In some embodiments, the system comprises four or more forging elements. In some embodiments, the system comprises at least four elongated prefabricated modular slab elements, each slab element defining a longitudinal axis parallel to its long side and a transverse axis parallel to its minor side, the slab elements being arranged coplanar in a configuration 2x2 die so that each slab element is adjacent to another slab element on one of its long sides and adjacent to another of the slab elements on one of its short sides, resting the ends of the short sides of the elements of forged on linear support elements, the forging elements comprising on the vertical face of each of the long sides a groove longitudinal which has the direction of the longitudinal axis so that a cavity is configured between each pair of adjacent forging elements, the cavities being filled with a cementitious product, and comprising at least one sheath that extends continuously along the two cavities and a post tension tensioning element that is inserted into the sheath.

In some embodiments the sheath is arranged in the cavities such that in the central part of each floor element, the sheath is arranged below the neutral axis and such that at the level of the linear support element it is arranged above the neutral axis. .

Each post tension tensioning element may contain a cable, a bundle of cables or a plurality or combination thereof. In some embodiments, the groove occupies almost the entire vertical face of the floor elements.

In some embodiments, the linear support elements define a support surface to support the floor elements and a surface greater than one level above the support surface, and the floor elements rest on the linear support elements, so that an upper part of the cavities is above the upper surface of the linear support elements, the sheath being disposed in said upper part of the cavities, always above the neutral axis.

In some embodiments, the linear support elements are provided in their upper part with grooves or through holes for the passage of the sheath or tensile element of post-tensioning. In some embodiments all or some of the linear support elements are beams that include prestressed or passive reinforcement reinforcements in their lower part. In some embodiments the forging elements are reinforced or prestressed concrete elements consisting of:

- A flat upper wing;

- Two side semi-souls;

- The souls being reinforced in their lower sections;

- The lateral half-souls being provided with said groove in the external vertical face; In some embodiments, the floor elements comprise a central core, so that when the floor elements are placed adjacent, the same configuration is achieved as in a double T-beam floor.

In some embodiments, the floor elements are cellular plates.

Preferably, the surface of the longitudinal groove is rough.

In some embodiments, the structure comprises two or more sheaths with a tendon in the cavities.

In some embodiments all or some of the linear support elements are walls.

In some embodiments, the linear support elements have a U-section, a section of inverted pi or inverted T.

In some embodiments there are extreme support beams, these extreme support beams supporting a forged element only on one side, the other side being provided with an anchor.

The invention also relates to a method for the assembly of a construction system comprising at least four elongated modular prefabricated floor elements, each floor element defining a shaft longitudinal parallel to its long side and a transverse axis parallel to its short side, the forging elements comprising on the vertical face of each of the long sides a longitudinal groove having the direction of the longitudinal axis, the process comprising the steps of: a) provide linear spacing elements spaced from each other, including longitudinal post-tension reinforcements if necessary; b) support the ends corresponding to the short sides of the floor elements in the linear support elements such that the floor elements are arranged coplanar in a 2x2 matrix configuration and so that each floor element is adjacent to another forging element on one of its long sides and adjacent to another of the forging elements on one of its short sides, and such that a cavity is formed between each pair of adjacent forging elements; c) disposing at least one sheath that extends continuously along the two cavities and an active armor that is inserted into the sheath; d) fill the cavities with a cementitious product or concrete; e) Tension and anchor the tendon or tendons once the cementitious product has hardened. In some embodiments of the process, the sheath is arranged in the cavities such that in the middle of the forging element, the sheath is arranged below the neutral axis of the cross-section of the element and such that at the level of the support element linear the sheath is disposed above the neutral axis of the cross section of the element.

In some embodiments of the procedure in step c) the sheath and active reinforcement are placed simultaneously, as it is usual to supply them together. Finally, in some embodiments of the process this includes an additional step of pouring an additional layer of compression over the elements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to several examples of practical implementation thereof, a set of figures in which with character is accompanied as an integral part of the description Illustrative and not limiting, the following has been represented:

Figure 1 shows a cantilever, formed by two forged elements juxtaposed and rigidly attached to the support.

Figure 2 shows a cantilever, formed by a forging element comprising a groove in its upper part to pour a cementitious product into the cavity, the cavity being closed below. This element may be the result of having opened the groove in situ for example.

Figures 3 to 6 show several sections of a recessed knot.

Figure 7 is the plot of bending moments corresponding to a recess.

Figure 8 shows a configuration with a roof of a bay.

Figure 9 shows a slab of a bay with a single element split into two parts, so that it is equivalent to two elements.

Figure 10 shows a section of a roof of a bay embedded in both sides in two walls. Figure 1 1 shows a section of a roof of a recessed opening on both sides of torsion-resistant beams.

Figure 12 is the plot of bending moments caused by the service actions.

Figures 13 and 14 show perspective configurations with a two-bay roof. Figures 15 and 16 show in section configurations with a ceiling of two openings.

Figure 17 is the diagram of bending moments caused by the service actions (not post-tensioning) that is obtained thanks to the formation of a recess in the intermediate support.

Figure 18 is a cross-section showing a shear key (in Anglo-Saxon "shear ke) between two forging elements, with a tendon at the bottom.

Figure 19 shows a lateral cross-section taken along the slab element, which specifically shows in the projection line an advantageous position of the tendon. Figures 20 to 22 show some details of the system at the junction of the floor element and its support element.

Figure 23 shows a double T floor element, which is typically used today in the United States.

Figures 24 and 25 show the element shown in Figure 6, but adapted for the present invention. Figure 26 shows a perspective view showing the main components of the structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 27 shows a basic slab element, and the cavity formed when placed next to a similar slab element.

Figure 28 shows in detail a support area when double T floor elements are used. Figure 29 shows in detail a final support terminal, when double T floor elements are used.

Figure 30 shows in detail a final support terminal, when double T floor elements are used, in a solution in which formwork is not necessary.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Figure 1 shows a cantilever, formed by two forged elements 2,3 juxtaposed and rigidly connected to the support S1 thanks to the through tendon 10 between forging elements 2,3 and anchored in the support S1, the anchor being above the neutral axis of the forging elements. The rigidity of the support guarantees the ability to resist negative moments. For the correct functioning of the assembly, the cavity 8 and the space between the pieces and the support node, that is to say the support, are filled with cementitious product.

Figure 2 shows a cantilever, formed by a pair of forging elements 2,3 joined by its lower part forming a single piece, this being rigidly attached to the support S1 thanks to the tendon 10 anchored in said support S1, the anchor being above of the neutral axis of the forging elements.

Figure 3 shows a section of a recessed knot, such as that necessary for a cantilever solution, in which the support element S1 is a wall. In this detail the tendon 10 passes over the previously concreted wall S1, and the concreting of said wall is completed on site.

Figure 4 shows a section of a recessed knot, such as that necessary for a cantilever solution, in which the support element S1 is a beam. In this detail the tendon 10 passes over the previously concreted beam S1, and the concreting of said beam is completed on site. For recessing to be effective, the beam must be sufficiently rigid and torsionally resistant and rigidly attached at its ends to also sufficiently rigid supports.

Figure 5 shows a section of a recessed knot, such as that necessary for a cantilever solution, in which the support element S1 is a wall. In this detail, the tendon 10 passes through a hole provided in the previously concreted wall S1 1. S12 represents the extension of the wall above the support bracket.

Figure 6 shows a section of a recessed knot, such as that necessary for a cantilever solution, in which the support element S1 is a beam. In this detail the tendon 10 passes through a hole provided in the previously concreted beam S1 1.

Figure 7 is the diagram of bending moments caused by the service actions, not those of post-tensioning, which is obtained thanks to the formation of a recess in the support node, as there is through reinforcement and continuity in the concrete. By convention of signs it is considered a negative moment when it causes tractions on the upper side of the piece and compressions on the bottom, and is represented graphically with the negative sign above the axis of the roof element. Figure 8 shows a configuration with a roof of a bay, formed by two forged elements 2,3 juxtaposed and rigidly attached to the supports S1 and S2 thanks to the through tendon 10 between forging elements 2,3 and anchored to individual supports S1 and S2, each anchor remaining above the neutral axis of the elements of forged. The rigidity of the supports typically guarantees the ability to withstand negative moments. For the correct functioning of the assembly, the cavity 8 between the pieces and the space between slab elements and the linear support elements at the level of the supports are filled with cementitious product.

Figure 9 shows a slab of a bay, formed by a pair of slab elements 2,3 joined at the bottom forming a single piece, this being rigidly attached to the supports S1 and S2 thanks to the tendon 10 anchored in said supports S1 and S2, the anchors remaining above the neutral axis of the forging elements.

Figure 10 shows a section of a roof of a bay embedded in both sides of walls S1, S2. In the support S1 the tendon 10 passes over the previously concreted wall, while in the support S2 the tendon passes through a hole provided in the previously concreted wall.

Figure 11 shows a section of a roof of a recessed opening on both sides of two torsion-resistant beams S1, S2. In the support S1 the tendon 10 passes over the previously concreted beam, while in the support S2 the tendon 10 passes through a hole provided in the previously concreted beam.

Figure 12 is the diagram of bending moments caused by the service actions, not those of post-tensioning, which is obtained thanks to the formation of a recess in the nodes of the end supports of the span, as there is through reinforcement and continuity in the concrete . By convention of signs it is considered a negative moment when it causes tractions on the upper side of the piece and compressions on the bottom, and is represented graphically with the negative sign above the axis of the roof element. In the case of the positive moment, the exact opposite occurs. Figure 13 shows a configuration with a two-bay roof, formed by four forged elements 2, 3, 4, 5 juxtaposed forming a 2x2 matrix and supported by three linear supports S1, S2, S3, achieving a recess in the support intermediate thanks to the 10 through tendon between the forging elements, which in the area located on the support S1 is above the neutral axis of the floor. For the correct functioning of the assembly, the groove 8 between the pieces and the nodes of the supports are filled with cementitious product, guaranteeing the continuity of the massif especially in the intermediate support S1.

Figure 14 shows a configuration with a two-bay roof, formed by two pairs of forging elements 2, 3, 4, 5, joined each pair of elements by the bottom. Said coupled elements are juxtaposed forming a 2x2 matrix and are supported by three linear supports S1, S2, S3, achieving a recess in the intermediate support thanks to the through tendon 10 between the forged elements, which in the area located on the support S1 is above the neutral axis of the floor. For the correct functioning of the assembly, the groove 8 between the pieces and the nodes of the supports are filled with cementitious product, guaranteeing the continuity of the massif especially in the intermediate support S1.

Figure 15 shows a section of a roof with two openings resting on three support walls S1, S2, S3. Figure 16 shows a section of a roof with two openings resting on three support beams S1, S2, S3. In the supports S1 and S2 the tendon 10 passes over the previously concreted beams, while in the support S2 the tendon 10 passes through a hole provided in the previously concreted beam. Figure 17 is the diagram of bending moments caused by the service actions not those of post-tensioning that is obtained thanks to the formation of a recess in the intermediate support S1, as there is through reinforcement and continuity in the concrete. By convention of signs it is considered a negative moment when it causes tractions on the upper side of the piece and compressions on the bottom, and is represented graphically with the negative sign above the axis of the roof element. In the case of the positive moment, the exact opposite occurs.

Figure 26 shows a construction system 1 comprising at least four elongated precast modular elements 2, 3, 4, 5, each floor element 2, 3, 4, 5 defining a longitudinal axis φ parallel to its long side and a transverse axis τ parallel to its minor side, the elements being forged 2, 3, 4, 5 arranged coplanar in a 2x2 matrix configuration such that each floor element 2, 3, 4, 5 is adjacent to another floor element 2, 3, 4, 5 on one of its long sides 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, 52 and adjacent to another of the forging elements 2, 3, 4, 5 on one of its short sides 23, 24, 33, 34, 43, 44, 53 , 54, resting the ends of the short sides 23, 24, 33, 34, 43, 44, 53, 54 of the forging elements 2, 3, 4, 5 on linear support elements S1, S2, S3, comprising the forging elements 2, 3, 4, 5 on the vertical face F8, F8 'of each of the long sides 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, 52 a longitudinal groove 6, 7 having the direction of the longitudinal axis φ so that it is conf It figures a cavity 8, 8 'between each pair of adjacent forging elements, the cavities 8, 8' being filled with a cementitious product 9, and comprising at least one sheath 10 which extends continuously along the two cavities 8 , 8 'and a post tension tensioning element 11 that is inserted into the sheath 10.

In figure 19 it is shown that the sheath 10 is arranged in the cavities 8, 8 'such that in the central part of each forging element 2, 3, 4, 5, the sheath is arranged below the neutral axis and such that at the level of the linear support element S2 it is arranged above the neutral axis.

As can be seen in figures 18, 26 and 27, the groove 6, 7 occupies almost the entire vertical face F8, F8 'of the forging elements 2, 3, 4, 5.

As can be seen, for example, in figures 20 to 22, the linear support elements define a support surface to support the floor elements and a surface greater than one level above the support surface, in which the floor elements 2 , 3, 4, 5 rest on the linear support elements S1, S2, S3, so that an upper part of the cavities 8, 8 'is above the upper surface of the linear support elements S1, S2, S3 , the sheath 10 being disposed in said upper part of the cavities 8, 8 '. The linear support elements S1, S2, S3 are provided in their upper part with grooves or through holes for the passage of the sheath 10 or post-tensioning tension element 1 1. According to a preferred embodiment, and as can be seen in Figures 24 and 25 the forging elements 2, 3, 4, 5 are reinforced or prestressed concrete elements consisting of:

- A flat top wing F1;

- Two side semi-souls F3, F4;

- The souls being reinforced in their lower sections;

- The lateral half-souls being provided with said groove 6, 7 on the external vertical face; In this case, the forging elements 2, 3, 4, 5 comprise a central core

F2, so that when the slab elements 2, 3, 4, 5 are placed adjacent, the same configuration is achieved as in a slab of double T beams.

As can be seen in Figures 28 to 30, the linear support elements have a U-section, a section of inverted pi or inverted T.

As can be seen in Figures 29 and 30, the structure comprises extreme support beams, these extreme support beams supporting a forged element only on one side, the other side being provided with a soul provided with an AN anchor. In Figures 28 and 29 it can be seen that the linear support element is provided with a reinforcement A and that the floor element has a support wing V, so that it is a lightened element.

In this text, the word "understand" and its variants as "understanding", etc. they should not be interpreted in an exclusive way, that is, they do not exclude the possibility that what has been described includes other elements, steps, etc.

On the other hand, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments that have been described but also covers, for example, the variants that can be made by the average expert in the field for example, in terms of the choice of materials, dimensions, components, configuration, etc., within what follows from The claims.

References:

1. Park, Hesson. 2003. "Model-based Optimization of Ultra-High Performance Concrete Highway Bridge Girders." M. S. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

2. Keierleber, Bierwagon, Fanous, Phares, Couture 11, 2007, "Design of Buchanan County, lowa, Bridge Using Ultra High Performance Concrete and Pl Girders", Proceedings of the 2007 Mid-Continent Transportation Research Symposium, Ames, lowa, August 2007

Claims

1.- Construction system (1) comprising at least two elongated floor elements (2, 3), each floor element (2, 3) defining a longitudinal axis (φ) parallel to its long side and a transverse axis (τ ) parallel to its minor side, the cross-section of the slab elements (2, 3) having a neutral axis, the slab elements (2, 3) being coplanar so that the slab elements (2, 3) are adjacent to each other by one of its long sides (21, 22, 31, 32), resting the end of one of the short sides (23, 33) of the slab elements (2, 3) on a linear support element ( S1), the forging elements (2, 3) on the longitudinal vertical face (F8) of each of the long sides (21, 22, 31, 32) comprising a longitudinal groove (6) having the direction of the longitudinal axis (φ) so that a cavity (8) is configured between the adjacent elements, the cavities (8) being filled with a cementitious product (9), characterizes because it comprises at least one sheath (10) that extends through the cavity (8) and a post tensioning element (1 1) inserted into the sheath (10) and along the entire length of the elements ( 2, 3), the sheath (10) being, at the level of the support element (S1), arranged above the neutral axis of the forging elements (2, 3).

2. Construction system according to claim 1, wherein at some other point of the cavity (8), at the level of a point of the elements (2, 3) without support, the sheath (10) is arranged below the neutral axis of the forging elements (2, 3).

3. Construction system according to any of claims 1 and 2, wherein the linear support element (S1) is provided with a section change so that they are defined: a support edge (A1) on which they rest the ends of the elements

(2. 3); Y

- an upper extension provided on one side of a face facing the extreme vertical faces of the supported ends of the elements (2, 3); extending the tendon section (10, 1 1) arranged above the neutral axis of the element through through holes (S11) of the upper extension of the linear support element (S1) or passing over the upper surface of the extension (S12).

4. Construction system according to claim 3 and claim 2, wherein one end of the elements (2, 3) is supported and the other is not.

5. - Construction system according to claim 3 and claim 2, wherein the two ends of the elements (2, 3) are supported by two linear support elements (S1, S2), the tendon section being under the level of the neutral axis in the central area of the element span (2, 3).

6. - Construction system according to claim 5, wherein the two linear support elements (S1, S2) are provided with a section change so that they are defined: a support edge (A1, A2) on which support the ends of the elements (2, 3); Y

an upper extension (S12, S22) provided on one side of a face facing the extreme vertical faces of the supported ends of the elements

(2. 3); in which both sheath sections (10) at the level of the linear supports (S1, S2) are arranged above the neutral axis, the sheath sections (10) arranged by the upper part of the cavity (8) being extended by about through holes (S1 1, S13) of the upper extensions of the linear elements (S1, S2) or passing over the upper surface of the extension (S12).

7. - Construction system according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the slab elements (2, 3) are independent prefabricated concrete modular elements.

8. - Construction system according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein Elements (2, 3) are prefabricated modular concrete elements that are joined at the bottom.

9. - Construction system according to any of the preceding claims, comprising four or more slab elements (2, 3, 4, 5).

10. - Construction system (1) according to claim 1, comprising at least four elongated prefabricated modular slab elements (2, 3, 4, 5), each floor element (2, 3, 4, 5) defining an axis longitudinal (φ) parallel to its long side and a transverse axis (τ) parallel to its minor side, the forging elements (2, 3, 4, 5) being coplanar arranged in a 2x2 matrix configuration so that each element of slab (2, 3, 4, 5) is adjacent to another slab element (2, 3, 4, 5) on one of its long sides (21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, 52) and adjacent to another of the forging elements (2, 3, 4, 5) on one of its short sides (23, 24, 33, 34, 43, 44, 53, 54), resting the ends of the short sides (23 , 24, 33, 34, 43, 44, 53, 54) of the floor elements (2, 3, 4, 5) on linear support elements (S1, S2, S3), the floor elements (2, 3, 4, 5) on the vertical face (F8, F8 ') of each of the long sides (21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, 52) a longitudinal groove (6, 7) having the direction of the longitudinal axis (φ) so that a cavity (8, 8 ') is configured between each pair of floor elements adjacent, the cavities (8, 8 ') being filled with a cementitious product (9), and comprising at least one sheath (10) that extends continuously along the two cavities (8, 8') and an element post tension tension (11) that is inserted into the sheath (10).

11. Construction system according to claim 10, wherein the sheath (10) is arranged in the cavities (8, 8 ') such that in the central part of each forging element (2, 3, 4, 5 ), the sheath is arranged below the neutral axis and such that at the level of the linear support element (S2) it is arranged above the neutral axis.

12. Construction system according to any of claims 10 to 1 1, wherein each post-tension tensioning element (1 1) contains a wire, a bundle of cables, a cable, or a plurality or combination thereof .

13. - Construction system according to any of claims 10 to 12, wherein the groove (6, 7) occupies almost the entire vertical face (F8, F8 ') of the forging elements (2, 3, 4, 5).

14. - Construction system according to any of claims 10 to 15, wherein the linear support elements define a support surface to support the floor elements and an upper surface at a level above the support surface , in which the forging elements (2, 3, 4, 5) rest on the linear support elements (S1, S2, S3), so that an upper part of the cavities (8, 8 ') is above of the upper surface of the linear support elements (S1, S2, S3), the sheath (10) being arranged in said upper part of the cavities (8, 8 ').

15. Construction system according to any of claims 10 to 14, wherein the linear support elements (S1, S2, S3) are provided in their upper part with grooves or through holes for the passage of the sheath (10 ) or post tension tensioning element (1 1).

16. Construction system according to any of claims 10 to 15, wherein all or some of the linear support elements (S1, S2, S3) are beams that include prestressed or passive reinforcement reinforcements in their lower part.

17. Construction system according to any of claims 1 to 16, wherein the slab elements (2, 3, 4, 5) are reinforced or prestressed concrete elements consisting of:

- A flat upper wing (F1);

- Two lateral half-souls (F3, F4);

- The souls being reinforced in their lower sections;

- The lateral half-souls being provided with said groove (6, 7) on the external vertical face;

18. - Construction system according to claim 17, wherein the slab elements (2, 3, 4, 5) comprise a central core (F2), such that when the slab elements (2, 3, 4, 5) They are placed adjacent, the same configuration is achieved as in a slab of double T beams.

19. - Construction system according to any of claims 1 to 16, wherein the slab elements (2, 3, 4, 5) are alveolar plates (12).

20. - Construction system according to any of claims 1 to 19, wherein the surface of the longitudinal groove is rough.

21. - Construction system according to any of claims 1 to 20, comprising two or more sheaths with a tendon in the cavities.

22. Construction system according to any of claims 1 to 21, wherein all or some of the linear support elements are walls.

23. - Construction system according to any of claims 1 to 20, wherein the linear support elements have a U-section, a section of inverted pi or inverted T.

24. - Construction system according to any of claims 1 to 23, comprising extreme support beams, these extreme support beams supporting a forged element only on one side, the other side being provided with a core provided with an anchor (AN) .

25. - Procedure for the assembly of a construction system (1) comprising at least four elongated modular prefabricated floor elements (2, 3, 4, 5), each floor element defining (2, 3, 4, 5) a longitudinal axis (φ) parallel to its long side and a transverse axis (τ) parallel to its short side, the slab elements (2, 3, 4, 5) comprising on the vertical face of each of the long sides (21 , 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, 52) a longitudinal groove (6, 7) having the direction of the longitudinal axis (φ), the process comprising the steps of: a) provide linear support elements (S1, S2, S3) spaced apart, including longitudinal post-tension reinforcements if necessary; b) support the ends corresponding to the short sides (23, 24, 33, 34, 43, 44, 53, 54) of the forging elements (2, 3, 4, 5) on the linear support elements (S1, S2, S3) such that the slab elements (2, 3, 4, 5) are arranged coplanar in a 2x2 matrix configuration and so that each slab element (2, 3, 4, 5) is adjacent to another slab element (2, 3, 4, 5) on one of its long sides (21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, 52) and adjacent to another of the slab elements (2, 3 , 4, 5) on one of its short sides (23, 24, 33, 34, 43, 44, 53, 54), and such that a cavity (8, 8 ') is configured between each pair of adjacent forging elements ; c) disposing at least one sheath (10) that extends continuously along the two cavities (8, 8 ') and a tendon (11) that is inserted into the sheath (10); d) fill the cavities (8, 8 ') with a grout (9); e) tighten and anchor the tendon or tendons once the grout has hardened (9).

26. - Method according to claim 25, wherein the sheath (10) is arranged in the cavities (8, 8 ') such that in the middle of the forging element (2, 3, 4, 5), the sheath is arranged in the lower part of the cavity (8, 8 ') and such that at the level of the linear support element (S2) the sheath is arranged in the upper part of the cavity (8, 8').

27. - Method according to any of claims 25 or 26, wherein in step c) the sheath (10) and the tendon (11) are placed simultaneously.

28. - Method according to any of claims 25 to 27, which includes an additional step of pouring an additional layer.