WO2016176752A1 - Process for recycling metallized plastic packaging - Google Patents
Process for recycling metallized plastic packaging Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016176752A1 WO2016176752A1 PCT/BR2016/050091 BR2016050091W WO2016176752A1 WO 2016176752 A1 WO2016176752 A1 WO 2016176752A1 BR 2016050091 W BR2016050091 W BR 2016050091W WO 2016176752 A1 WO2016176752 A1 WO 2016176752A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- polymer
- ldpe
- recycling
- water
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium formate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019255 calcium formate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004281 calcium formate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940044172 calcium formate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004660 morphological change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FYPZKRVMRWWQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;formic acid Chemical compound OC=O.OC(O)=O FYPZKRVMRWWQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 16
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009459 flexible packaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDDLHHRCDSJVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7028-40-2 Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O BDDLHHRCDSJVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000007853 Sarothamnus scoparius Species 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940024546 aluminum hydroxide gel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;trihydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloromercury Chemical class [Hg]Cl RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011874 heated mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010338 mechanical breakdown Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010816 packaging waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014214 soft drink Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Definitions
- the present patent relates to the process of recycling metallized plastic packaging by separating the constituents of metallized plastic packaging in particular aluminum with polymer (polyalumin) previously separated from the Long Life packaging paper of food, milk, juices, etc., and the recycling of process flaps and post-consumer packaging.
- the purpose of the invention is to provide a process to complement Long Life packaging recycling and to add value to recovered products, to recover material with characteristics closer to those they initially had, to take advantage of waste, to reduce environmental damage, to reduce energy savings to replace production from new inputs and input savings and to have as main advantages the recovery of all raw materials in their constitutional integrity, low energy consumption, recycling of auxiliary raw materials, to present low processing and investment costs and lower value for money.
- This package consists of carton paper coated externally with a polyethylene film and internally with an aluminum foil coated on both sides with polyethylene film.
- this material is composed of a series of layers: LDPE (15g / m2) / Paper (210g / m2) / LDPE (25g / m2) / Al (0.007mm) / LDPE (45g / m2). These values may vary depending on the application, manufacturer and requirements of application.
- Hydrapulper for the removal of the paper layer together with the first layer of PEDB (15g / m2), but still results a blade, composed of LDPE coated aluminum on both sides, better known as polyaluminium, which needs to be separated for use by all constituents in recycling Long Life packaging.
- the present invention is to promote an unprecedented composition consisting of chemicals in balanced formulation in order to act as a disintegrating agent of mechanically adhered polymeric materials or resulting from the hot rolling process.
- Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid is used as a surfactant, from which a 5% (w / v) aqueous solution is prepared and then neutralized with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at pH 6 to 7, the product is obtained from the mixture resulting in about 2.5% (w / v), followed by stirring between 1 to 2% (v / v) triethanolamine [(CH-3-CH-2-OH-3 ⁇ ) n] where the pH of the solution is corrected with acid methoenic acid (HCOH) in the range 0.0 to 3.0
- HCOH acid methoenic acid
- the parts or polymeric material are reduced and immersed in the preheated composition at a temperature between 85 ⁇ 198> and 100 ⁇ 198 ° C. > c. after treatment with the composition Ideally the polymers pass through a tank of water at room temperature to remove the chemical agents.
- the invention relates to a multilayer film separation process containing polymeric films bonded to an aluminum central film and / or a paper central film, which is separated by introducing the films into heated organic solvent baths. with pre-set temperatures and times for each type of material to be separated under atmospheric pressure, allowing full recovery of each film and can be reused in the manufacture of various articles by common recycling processes.
- Multilayer Packaging Recycling relates to a process of separating the materials that make up a package. formed by multilayers. More specifically, said process allows said multilayers, which consist of plastics, metals and paper to be separated so as not to generate environmentally harmful waste.
- the method comprises contacting a metal-coated polymeric substrate with an aqueous solution consisting essentially of from about 0.75 to about 11.25 weight percent trisodium phosphate and from about 0.75 to about about 11.25 weight percent of an alkali metal hydroxide over an effective period of time to remove the metal coating and produce a substrate substantially free of metal components and bonding materials.
- the polymeric substrate and metallic constituents present in the metallic coating are recovered and recovered.
- a composition for removing the metal coating from a metal coated polymeric substrate is also provided.
- US Patent 5,246,116 - Method and apparatus for separating and recovering components from aluminum-containing laminates includes subjecting the waste laminates to the agitation of a heated polyalkylene glycol polymer solution. The thus heated mixture is cooled to allow density variations to separate the plastic and paper components from the waste laminate from the sheet components therein. The components may be recovered from the polyalkylene glycol polymer solution for recycling or any use. Using a polyalkylene glycol permits glycol polymer recovery polymer solution in a heated recovery tank to recycle the polymer to further facilitate the separation sheet while minimizing adverse effects on the environment.
- Chinese patent CN101745518 “Comprehensive method of treating aluminum-plastic composite film in wrapped sheets”.
- the invention describes a method of fully treating an aluminum and plastic composite film, relates to an aluminum plastic film and provides a method of rigorously treating an aluminum plastic composite film in wrapped sheets.
- the comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps: pretreatment of production scrap material containing aluminum foil composed of plastic, soft drink packaging (usually called Tetra Pak), food packaging, medicine packaging and the like, which are recycled from society to obtain aluminum-plastic composite film material; dipping pre-treated aluminum-plastic composite film material in a softening corrosion inhibitor; kneading the aluminum-plastic composite film material soaked in corrosion inhibitor; and then performing flotation using a gravity method and respectively obtaining the plastic powder and aluminum powder; dissolving plastic powder and then regenerating and granulating; simultaneously finely selecting the aluminum powder, and then removing moisture and adding a protective agent.
- the treatment method is performed at a constant temperature (room temperature) and a constant pressure with low energy consumption.
- the treatment method is environment friendly, does not generate polluting gas or heavy metal ions;
- major chemical agents have low concentration and low price, only about 600 yuan per ton, so the treatment method has low production cost and high profit margin and is suitable for large scale industrial production.
- the invention relates to an aluminum, plastics separating agent and a method of preparing them.
- the separating agent comprises the following parts by weight: 1 to 25 parts water, 5 to 50 parts acidic compound and 25 to 95 parts organic solvent.
- the method of preparation comprises the following steps of: weighing corresponding components in proportion, in turn, and suitably the mixture to obtain a homogeneous phase; and dipping aluminum, ground plastic material in the separation, stirring, decanting and washing solution to finally get 80 to 90 percent plastic and 8 to 15 percent aluminum.
- the separating agent is difficult to volatilize, has a high aluminum and plastic separation speed, and has no corrosion or oxidation on aluminum.
- the separation agent has the advantages of readily available raw materials, low environmental pollution and reuse, production and process equipment is simple, and the cost is low.
- the product prepared by the invention can be broadly applied to the aluminum-plastic separation of aluminum-plastic packaging materials such as pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, daily products, industrial products and the like.
- a process for recovering the aluminum-plastic film includes the steps of dipping said film in organic solvent by stirring centrifugal removal of said organic solvent, and manually separating Al sheet from plastic film by stripping.
- a separation agent for Al-plastic packaging paper composite material is prepared to from anionic surfactant, solvents, acids and metal salt, its separation process includes measures that break said packaging material, immersion in said separating agent, stirring, washing and classification.
- Chinese patent CN 1554691 (A) - "Method for the separation of aluminum foil and plastic film from aluminum foil waste”.
- the present invention relates to environmental protection and waste utilization.
- the process of separating aluminum foil and plastic film from aluminum foil waste includes cold water immersion, immersion in solvent mixed with tetralin, tetra and glacial acetic acid at normal and high temperature for a long time, and separating in cold water automatically. This method is superior to the available incineration and landfill method and can produce some economic utility by avoiding environmental pollution.
- European patent BG103256 (A) - "Method for the extraction of aluminum and polyethylene from industrial and residential waste". The method is used for recycling aluminum and polyethylene from industrial and domestic waste in the form of laminate on both sides of aluminum foil. It considerably reduces environmental pollution and at the same time uses polyethylene and aluminum to a greater degree of extraction.
- the residue is washed and milled to particle sizes of 3 to 6 mm.
- Heat treatment is done after mixing the residue with an inert fluid in an airtight container at a temperature ranging from 100-290 degrees. C for 10 to 30 minutes, depending on material. The latter is heated, again ground to 2 to 4 mm particle sizes and is cycloned.
- Aluminumshavings are treated in an organic solvent such as benzene or toluene and the polymer particles are treated with a sodium base solution. The poured products are washed and dried, after which they are pressed under pressure from 100 to 200 atm.
- a method of chemical separation and composite enclosure apparatus consists of reactor, condenser, liquid tank, motor, control valve and duct. In the reactor there is a liquid layer filter and stirring paddles. The condenser inlet and outlet are connected to the reactor. Said composite shell is sealed in the reactor.
- the solvent capable of dissolving polyethylene It is added to the reactor and heated to 50-85 degrees C, stirred to dissolve the adhesive and plastic layer for the recovery of paper, aluminum foil and plastic respectively. Its advantages are the use of waste and reduce environmental pollution.
- the invention relates to a process for recycling packaging materials containing one or more synthetic polymers and / or natural metals and / or polymers by dissolving the synthetic polymeric component by solvent and recovering soluble and insoluble packaging components. .
- the object of the present invention is to develop a cheap and environmentally friendly process for recycling packaging materials containing one or more synthetic polymers and / or metals and / or natural polymers, in particular packaging composites.
- the disadvantages of known processes should be substantially avoided.
- the synthetic polymer component must be separated in a manner suitable for recycling.
- packaging composites such as the natural polymers present in paperboard (board) and paper, in particular cellulose and metal, in particular aluminum, are also obtained solely as suitable individual components for the recycling of materials.
- This objective is achieved according to the invention. by a process wherein the packaging materials for recycling are treated with an aliphatic solvent comprising, naphthenic or aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrogenated products thereof or a mixture thereof. Solvent treatment is performed until the synthetic polymer component has dissolved. The treatment temperature is between 0 and 500 ° C.
- the solvents used are in particular the boiling fractions of the primary and secondary oil refining whose limits are boiling in the range between 40 and 500 ° C.
- the result of the treatment process It is a liquid mixture of hydrocarbons of various structures and molecular weights in which the packaging components are insoluble and dispersed. These insoluble packaging components, such as aluminum and cellulose wastes, are separated from the liquid phase. Separation of insoluble constituents is followed by packaging according to the invention by separating the dissolved polymer component from the liquid mixture.
- a process for the recovery of useful materials from multi-layer laminated packaging A process of recovering useful components from multi-layer laminate fragments of industrial waste packaging in a sheet, tube or shredded form of the other as separate constituents, comprising treating the shredded fragments with a solution of an inorganic base to dissolve.
- the aluminum metal laminated to subsequent recoverable aluminum salts mainly as sodium aluminate for medical use in the form of pharmaceutical grade aluminum hydroxide gel and hydroxide and to recover the polyethylene plastics in physical condition to wash the same.
- a process of laminating packaging in the form of laminate a A process for the recovery of useful components from multilayer laminated fragments of industrial packaging waste in a sheet, strip, tube or crushed form of the other as separate constituents, comprising treating the fragments with an inorganic acid solution, 50% of which at 70% cone. nitric acid for about 4-7 hours to loosen bonding of components; physically peel the components and wash the same.
- Process for the recovery of polyethylene and aluminum from polyethylene coated aluminum sheets from package waste containers utilizes organic solvents such as chlorinated or non-chlorinated hydrocarbons and comprises the following steps: a) grinding of the material, b) extraction of polyethylene with an organic solvent, c) hot separation of aluminum from the solution obtained in b), d) separating the polyethylene, either dissolved by cooling the solution to a temperature below 60 degrees C and separating the precipitating solid or by evaporating the solvent, wherein either of steps b), c) and d), continuously or discontinuously.
- Alkane, hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof and aromatic halogen hydrocarbons or olefins are used as solvents. Extraction takes place at temperatures between 50 and 200 degrees C and at a pressure between atmospheric pressure and 0.4 kPa.
- METALIZED PLASTIC PACKAGING object of the present patent, was developed to overcome the disadvantages, limitations and drawbacks of current processes, as it uses a simple process based on the use of organic acid that permeates the polymer layer and when finding the adhesive between aluminum and the polymer, reacts chemically basically with the adhesive (aluminum reacts very weakly with short chain organic acid and the polymer is not dissolved by the organic acid) and loosens the polymer layer (s) of the aluminum foil, allowing the simple separation of the polymer film from aluminum and recycling wastewater in the preparation of a new organic acid solution.
- the new process aims to add value to the recovered products, recover material with characteristics closer to those they initially had, harness waste, reduce environmental damage, reduction and energy savings to replace production from new inputs and economy of inputs and has as advantages the recovery of all raw materials in their constitutional integrity, with low energy consumption, with recycling of auxiliary raw materials, low processing and investment costs and lower cost / benefit ratio.
- the temperature of 55 ° C has been observed to correspond to the limiting temperature at which the relaxation process for the polymer (Low Density Polyethylene - LDPE) takes place.
- This relaxation process leads to increased polymer permeability (LDPE) favoring the rapid permeation of the reactive solution, composed of formic acid, to the surface of the aluminum foil.
- the rapid permeation of formic acid is due to the fact that it is composed of a very short chain molecule.
- the 20% by volume concentration of Formic acid (pH 1,53) corresponds to the concentration at which the maximum corrosion rate for aluminum at 55 + 5 o C is about 1,25 mm / year.
- This corrosion process will be responsible for detaching the polymer layer (LDPE) from the aluminum surface. Higher corrosion rates will cause loss of metallic aluminum with consequent reduction in the value of the material obtained as well as greater contamination of the process solution. Lower corrosion rates will lead to longer processing times.
- Aluminum and the concentration of acetic acid and formic acid were obtained from the literature (CorrosionofAluminumandAluminumAlloys. Edited by J.R.Davis, ASTM International (1999) p. 155-157.
- A.2 Clean water (AL) is stored in another tank (TQ-02);
- LPA LPA
- P-01 per mincer
- the reactor contents are directed to a filter (F-01), where the solid material (polymer (LDPE), aluminum and paper fibers) is separated from the used reagent solution (SRU) ;
- F-01 solid material
- SRU used reagent solution
- D.l .b The reagent used (SRU) is passed through another filter (F-02), which separates part of the remaining fibers (RFO) from the disintegrated reagent solution (SRU) step without fibers;
- Dlc The fiber-free reagent solution used (SRUSF) is returned to the dissolution tank (TQ-03), where it is again heated to the required level, its pH corrected with a small amount of concentrated formic acid so that it can be reused without damage and is completed by considering the amount of solution entrained by the solid material; and
- D.2.b Filter cleaning water is directed to the lamellar settling tank (TQ-04) where physical separation by density difference between the polymer (LDPE) and aluminum occurs.
- the reagent solution may be fed into an effluent treatment plant (ETE).
- ETE effluent treatment plant
- the treatment occurs by neutralizing the formic acid with calcium carbonate (CaC0 3 ) and precipitation of a salt with high commercial value, calcium formate (Ca (HCOO) 2).
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Abstract
"Process for recycling metallized plastic packaging" relates to an invention patent of a process for recycling metallized plastic packaging by separating the constituents of metallized plastic packaging, especially aluminium with a polymer (polyaluminium), previously separated from the paper component of long-life packaging for food, milk, juice, etc., and for recycling manufacturing scrap and post-consumer packaging. The purpose of the invention is to provide a delamination process to complement the process of recycling long-life packaging and the aim is to add value to the recovered products, to recover material with features as close as possible to those it originally had, to recover waste, to reduce environmental damage, to reduce and save energy by replacing production from new inputs and by saving on inputs, and the main advantages are: recovery of all the raw materials with structural integrity, low energy consumption, the recycling of adjuvant raw materials, low processing and investment costs, and a lower cost/benefit ratio.
Description
"PROCESSO DE RECICLAGEM DE EMBALAGENS PLÁSTICAS METALIZADAS". "METALIZED PLASTIC PACKAGING RECYCLING PROCESS".
[01] A presente patente de invenção refere-se ao processo de reciclagem de embalagens plásticas metalizadas através da separação dos constituintes de embalagens plásticas metalizadas em especial alumínio com polímero (polialumínio) separados previamente do papel de embalagens tipo Longa Vida de alimentos, leite, sucos, etc, e da reciclagem de retalhos de processo e de embalagens pós-consumo. O invento tem finalidade de fornecer processo para complementar a reciclagem de embalagens tipo Longa Vida e objetivo de agregar valor aos produtos recuperados, de recuperar material com as características mais próximas daquelas que possuíam inicialmente, de aproveitar resíduos, de reduzir dano ambiental, de redução e economia de energia em substituição a produção a partir de novos insumos e de economia de insumos e de apresentar como principais vantagens a recuperação de todas as matérias primas em sua integridade constitucional, de baixo consumo energético, de reciclo das matérias primas auxiliares, de apresentar baixos custos de processamento e de investimento e de apresentar menor relação custo/benefício. [01] The present patent relates to the process of recycling metallized plastic packaging by separating the constituents of metallized plastic packaging in particular aluminum with polymer (polyalumin) previously separated from the Long Life packaging paper of food, milk, juices, etc., and the recycling of process flaps and post-consumer packaging. The purpose of the invention is to provide a process to complement Long Life packaging recycling and to add value to recovered products, to recover material with characteristics closer to those they initially had, to take advantage of waste, to reduce environmental damage, to reduce energy savings to replace production from new inputs and input savings and to have as main advantages the recovery of all raw materials in their constitutional integrity, low energy consumption, recycling of auxiliary raw materials, to present low processing and investment costs and lower value for money.
[02] Como é de conhecimento dos meios técnicos ligados a engenharia ambiental em geral e na reciclagem de embalagens tipo Longa Vida em particular, a utilização de embalagens longa vida tem sido intensamente disseminada no acondicionamento de alimentos. Esta embalagem é composta por papel cartonado revestido externamente por um filme de polietileno e internamente por uma lamina de alumínio revestido em ambos os lados por filme de polietileno. Tipicamente, este material é composto por uma série de camada: PEBD (15g/m2)/Papel (210 g/m2)/PEBD (25g/m2)/Al (0,007 mm)/PEBD (45g/m2). Estes valores podem sofrer variações dependendo da aplicação, fabricante e requisitos de
aplicação. Atualmente existe o processo inicial denominado Hydrapulper, para remoção da camada de papel juntamente com a primeira camada de PEDB (15g/m2), porém resulta ainda uma lâmina, composta por Alumínio revestido por PEBD em ambos os lados, mais conhecida por polialumínio, que necessita ser separado para aproveitamento de todos os constituintes na reciclagem de embalagens tipo Longa Vida. [02] As is well known by the technical means related to environmental engineering in general and recycling of Long Life packaging in particular, the use of long life packaging has been widespread in food packaging. This package consists of carton paper coated externally with a polyethylene film and internally with an aluminum foil coated on both sides with polyethylene film. Typically, this material is composed of a series of layers: LDPE (15g / m2) / Paper (210g / m2) / LDPE (25g / m2) / Al (0.007mm) / LDPE (45g / m2). These values may vary depending on the application, manufacturer and requirements of application. Currently there is the initial process called Hydrapulper, for the removal of the paper layer together with the first layer of PEDB (15g / m2), but still results a blade, composed of LDPE coated aluminum on both sides, better known as polyaluminium, which needs to be separated for use by all constituents in recycling Long Life packaging.
[03] Atualmente conhecem-se basicamente os seguintes processos: [03] Currently the following processes are basically known:
[04] 1) Processo em que a lâmina polialumínio é simplesmente triturada e empregada na confecção de peças através do processo de injeção para produção de artefatos, tais como cabos de vassoura, prensagem térmica na confecção de telhas onduladas entre outros. Desta forma não se faz o isolamento do componente alumínio e não se explora seu elevado valor como matéria prima. [04] 1) Process in which the polyaluminium blade is simply ground and used in the manufacture of parts through the injection process to produce artifacts, such as broom handles, thermal pressing in the manufacture of corrugated tiles, among others. This way, the aluminum component is not isolated and its high value as raw material is not explored.
[05] 2) Processo de pirólise que gera energia e produz combustíveis líquidos e /ou gasosos, entretanto requerem grande quantidade de energia, que é fornecida pela queima de parte do próprio resíduo, visto que o processo de pirólise envolve reação extremamente endotérmica. [05] 2) Pyrolysis process that generates energy and produces liquid and / or gaseous fuels, however require a large amount of energy, which is supplied by burning part of the waste itself, since the pyrolysis process involves extremely endothermic reaction.
[06] 3) Processo envolvendo o emprego de plasma (separação do material celulósico, isolamento do alumínio e degradação térmica do polímero conduzindo a mistura de parafinas; [06] 3) Process involving the use of plasma (cellulosic material separation, aluminum insulation and polymer thermal degradation leading to paraffin mixing;
[07] 4) Processos que usam solventes para dissolução de polímeros e consequente separação do alumínio. [07] 4) Processes that use solvents for polymer dissolution and consequent aluminum separation.
[08] Fazendo-se buscas nos bancos de patentes brasileiro e internacionais encontramos as seguintes revelações: [08] Searching Brazilian and international patent banks we find the following revelations:
[09] Patente brasileira PI0006641-9 A2 - [09] Brazilian patent PI0006641-9 A2 -
"Solução tensoativa utilizada no processo de reciclagem de plásticos, para
limpeza e separação do alumínio". A presente patente de invenção consiste em promover uma inédita composição constituída por substancias químicas em formulação balanceada com a finalidade de atuar como agente de desagregação de materiais poliméricos aderidos entre si mecanicamente ou resultantes do processo de laminação a quente. Utilizado o ácidododecilbenzenosulfonico como agente tensoativo, a partir do qual é preparada solução aquosa a 5% (m/v) sendo posteriormente neutralizada com hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) em pH 6 a 7; o produto é obtido a partir da mistura que resulte na solução final em torno de 2,5% (m/v). A seguir adiciona-se sob agitação trietanolamina[(CH~ 3~CH~ 2~OH~ 3~)n] entre 1 a 2% (v/v), sendo o ph da solução corrigido com ácidometanóico (HCOH) na faixa de 0,0 a 3,0. As peças ou o material polimérico são reduzidos e imersos na composição pré-aquecida a uma temperatura entre 85<198> e 100<198>c. após o tratamento com a composição ideada os polímeros passam por um tanque de água a temperatura ambiente para retirada dos agentes químicos. "Surfactant solution used in the plastics recycling process to cleaning and separation of aluminum ". The present invention is to promote an unprecedented composition consisting of chemicals in balanced formulation in order to act as a disintegrating agent of mechanically adhered polymeric materials or resulting from the hot rolling process. Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid is used as a surfactant, from which a 5% (w / v) aqueous solution is prepared and then neutralized with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at pH 6 to 7, the product is obtained from the mixture resulting in about 2.5% (w / v), followed by stirring between 1 to 2% (v / v) triethanolamine [(CH-3-CH-2-OH-3 ~) n] where the pH of the solution is corrected with acid methoenic acid (HCOH) in the range 0.0 to 3.0 The parts or polymeric material are reduced and immersed in the preheated composition at a temperature between 85 <198> and 100 <198 ° C. > c. after treatment with the composition Ideally the polymers pass through a tank of water at room temperature to remove the chemical agents.
[010] Patente brasileira PI0202303-2 A2[010] Brazilian patent PI0202303-2 A2
"Processo para separação de filmes multicamada utilizadas para embalagens". Refere-se a invenção a um processo de separação de filmes multicamada, contendo filmes poliméricos unidos a um filme central de alumínio e/ou a um filme central de papel, cuja separação e realizada através da introdução dos filmes em banhos de solvente orgânico aquecido, com temperaturas e tempos pré-estabelecidos para cada tipo de material a ser separado, sob pressão atmosférica, permitindo a recuperação integral de cada filme, podendo ser reutilizado na fabricação de artigos diversos pelos processos comuns de reciclagem. "Process for separating multilayer films used for packaging". The invention relates to a multilayer film separation process containing polymeric films bonded to an aluminum central film and / or a paper central film, which is separated by introducing the films into heated organic solvent baths. with pre-set temperatures and times for each type of material to be separated under atmospheric pressure, allowing full recovery of each film and can be reused in the manufacture of various articles by common recycling processes.
[011] Patente brasileira PI0706115-3 A2 [011] Brazilian patent PI0706115-3 A2
"Reciclagem de embalagem multicamadas". A presente invenção refere-se a um processo de separação dos materiais que compõem uma embalagem
formada por multicamadas. Mais especificamente, o referido processo permite que as referidas multicamadas, as quais consistem de materiais plásticos, metálicos e papel sejam separadas de maneira a não gerar resíduos prejudiciais ao meio ambiente. "Multilayer Packaging Recycling". The present invention relates to a process of separating the materials that make up a package. formed by multilayers. More specifically, said process allows said multilayers, which consist of plastics, metals and paper to be separated so as not to generate environmentally harmful waste.
[012] Patente brasileira PI0802062-0 "Processo para tratamento de embalagens flexíveis complexas". Caracterizado por alimentar aparas industriais e/ou material pós-consumo, ambos de embalagens flexíveis, em um reator de separação de plástico, onde o material é aquecido de maneira controlada e comprimido contratelas que fazem a separação dos diferentes tipos de plásticos, de acordo com o estado físico fundido ou solido e de um segundo reator, de fusão, onde as folhas de alumínio inicialmente presentes no material, são fundidas em altas temperaturas. As duas etapas do processo são realizadas em reatores sem a presença de oxigénio, sendo que as temperaturas, pressões, tempo de residência são cuidadosamente controlados. Não há emanação de gases de processo e praticamente a totalidade dos compostos inicialmente presentes são recuperados na forma de materiais plásticos e lingotes de alumínio, ambos produtos com alto valor agregado e facilmente comercializáveis. [012] Brazilian patent PI0802062-0 "Process for treating complex flexible packaging". Characterized by feeding industrial chips and / or post-consumer material, both from flexible packaging, into a plastic separation reactor, where the material is heated in a controlled manner and compressed counterparts that separate the different types of plastics according to the molten or solid physical state and a second fusion reactor where the aluminum sheets initially present in the material are melted at high temperatures. The two process steps are performed in reactors without oxygen, and temperatures, pressures, residence time are carefully controlled. There is no process gas emanation and practically all of the compounds initially present are recovered in the form of plastic materials and aluminum ingots, both high value added products and easily tradable.
[013] Patente estadunidense 5,127,958[013] US Patent 5,127,958
"Remoção de revestimentos metálicos a partir de substratos poliméricos". "Removal of metallic coatings from polymeric substrates".
[014] Refere-se a um método para a remoção de revestimentos metálicos a partir de substratos poliméricos é fornecida. [014] Refers to a method for removing metallic coatings from polymeric substrates is provided.
[015] O método compreende o contato de um substrato polimérico revestido-metálico com uma solução aquosa que consiste essencialmente em desde cerca de 0,75 até cerca de 11,25 por cento em peso de fosfato trissódico e desde cerca de 0,75 até cerca de 11,25 por cento em peso de um hidróxido de metal alcalino durante um período de tempo eficaz para remover a cobertura metálica e produzir um substrato
polimérico substancialmente livre de componentes de metal e materiais de ligação. O substrato polimérico e os constituintes metálicos presentes no revestimento metálico são recuperadas e valorizadas. Uma composição para remoção do revestimento metálico a partir de um substrato polimérico revestido de metal, também é fornecido. The method comprises contacting a metal-coated polymeric substrate with an aqueous solution consisting essentially of from about 0.75 to about 11.25 weight percent trisodium phosphate and from about 0.75 to about about 11.25 weight percent of an alkali metal hydroxide over an effective period of time to remove the metal coating and produce a substrate substantially free of metal components and bonding materials. The polymeric substrate and metallic constituents present in the metallic coating are recovered and recovered. A composition for removing the metal coating from a metal coated polymeric substrate is also provided.
[016] Patente estadunidense 5,246, 116 - Método e aparelhos para a separação e recuperação dos componentes a partir de laminados contendo alumínio. Um método para a separação e recuperação de chapas, em especial chapas de alumínio, e os outros componentes de laminados contendo folha de resíduos inclui sujeitar os laminados de resíduos para a agitação de uma solução aquecida de polímero de polialquileno-glicol. A mistura assim aquecida é arrefecida para permitir as variações de densidade para separar os componentes de plástico e de papel do laminado de resíduos a partir dos componentes de folha nas mesmas. Os componentes podem ser recuperados a partir da solução de polímero de polialquileno-glicol para reciclagem ou qualquer utilização. Usando um polialquilenoglicol autorizações de solução de polímero de recuperação do polímero glicol em um tanque de recuperação aquecida para reciclar o polímero para facilitar ainda mais a folha de separação, enquanto se minimizam os efeitos adversos sobre o ambiente. [016] US Patent 5,246,116 - Method and apparatus for separating and recovering components from aluminum-containing laminates. One method for separating and recovering sheets, in particular aluminum sheets, and the other components of waste foil laminates includes subjecting the waste laminates to the agitation of a heated polyalkylene glycol polymer solution. The thus heated mixture is cooled to allow density variations to separate the plastic and paper components from the waste laminate from the sheet components therein. The components may be recovered from the polyalkylene glycol polymer solution for recycling or any use. Using a polyalkylene glycol permits glycol polymer recovery polymer solution in a heated recovery tank to recycle the polymer to further facilitate the separation sheet while minimizing adverse effects on the environment.
[017] Patente chinesa CN101745518 - "Método de tratamento abrangente de filme composto de alumínio-plástico em folhas embrulhadas". A invenção descreve um método de tratamento completo de uma película compósita de alumínio e de plástico, refere- se a uma película de alumínio-plastico e fornece um método de tratamento rigoroso de um filme composto de alumínio-plástico em folhas embrulhadas. O método de tratamento abrangente compreende as seguintes etapas: pré-tratamento de material de sucata de produção contendo o filme de alumínio composto de
plástico, embalagem de refrigerantes (normalmente chamado Tetra Pak), embalagem de alimentos, embalagem de medicamentos e afins, que são reciclados de sociedade para obter composto de alumínio-plástico material de filme; imersão material de película de alumínio-compósito de plástico pré-tratadas em um inibidor de corrosão de amolecimento; amassar o material do filme composto de alumínio-plástico embebido em inibidor de corrosão; e, em seguida, a realização de flutuação usando um método da gravidade e, respectivamente, a obtenção do pó de plástico e alumínio em pó; dissolução do pó de plástico e, em seguida, regenerando e granulação; simultaneamente finamente seleccionando o pó de alumínio, e em seguida, a remoção da humidade e a adição de um agente de protecção. O método de tratamento é realizado a uma temperatura constante (temperatura ambiente) e a uma pressão constante com baixo consumo de energia. O método de tratamento é favorável ao meio ambiente, não gera gás poluente ou íons de metais pesados; além disso, agentes químicos principais têm baixa concentração e baixo preço, apenas cerca de 600 yuans por tonelada, por isso, o método de tratamento tem baixo custo de produção e alta margem de benefício e é adequado para a produção industrial em larga escala. [017] Chinese patent CN101745518 - "Comprehensive method of treating aluminum-plastic composite film in wrapped sheets". The invention describes a method of fully treating an aluminum and plastic composite film, relates to an aluminum plastic film and provides a method of rigorously treating an aluminum plastic composite film in wrapped sheets. The comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps: pretreatment of production scrap material containing aluminum foil composed of plastic, soft drink packaging (usually called Tetra Pak), food packaging, medicine packaging and the like, which are recycled from society to obtain aluminum-plastic composite film material; dipping pre-treated aluminum-plastic composite film material in a softening corrosion inhibitor; kneading the aluminum-plastic composite film material soaked in corrosion inhibitor; and then performing flotation using a gravity method and respectively obtaining the plastic powder and aluminum powder; dissolving plastic powder and then regenerating and granulating; simultaneously finely selecting the aluminum powder, and then removing moisture and adding a protective agent. The treatment method is performed at a constant temperature (room temperature) and a constant pressure with low energy consumption. The treatment method is environment friendly, does not generate polluting gas or heavy metal ions; In addition, major chemical agents have low concentration and low price, only about 600 yuan per ton, so the treatment method has low production cost and high profit margin and is suitable for large scale industrial production.
[018] Patente chinesa CN102532592 - "Agente de separação de alumínio-plástico e método de preparação dos mesmos". A invenção refere-se a um agente de separação de alumínio, plástico e um método de preparação dos mesmos. O agente de separação compreende os seguintes componentes em partes em peso: 1 a 25 partes de água, 5 a 50 partes de composto acídico e de 25 a 95 partes de solvente orgânico. O método de preparação compreende os seguintes passos de: pesagem componentes correspondentes na proporção, por sua vez, e adequadamente a mistura para se obter uma fase homogénea; e imersão de alumínio, plástico moído matéria na solução de separação, agitação, decantação e lavagem para
finalmente obter de 80 a 90 por cento de plástico e de 8 a 15 por cento de alumínio. O agente de separação é difícil para volatilizar, tem uma alta velocidade de separação do alumínio e de plástico, e não tem corrosão ou oxidação no alumínio. Além disso, o agente de separação tem as vantagens de matérias-primas facilmente disponíveis, baixa poluição ambiental e reutilização, equipamentos de produção e de processo são simples, e o custo é baixo. O produto preparado pelo invento pode ser amplamente aplicado à separação de alumínio-plástico de materiais de embalagem de plástico- alumínio, tais como medicamentos, alimentos, cosméticos, produtos diários, produtos industriais e semelhantes. [018] Chinese patent CN102532592 - "Aluminum-plastic separating agent and method of preparing same". The invention relates to an aluminum, plastics separating agent and a method of preparing them. The separating agent comprises the following parts by weight: 1 to 25 parts water, 5 to 50 parts acidic compound and 25 to 95 parts organic solvent. The method of preparation comprises the following steps of: weighing corresponding components in proportion, in turn, and suitably the mixture to obtain a homogeneous phase; and dipping aluminum, ground plastic material in the separation, stirring, decanting and washing solution to finally get 80 to 90 percent plastic and 8 to 15 percent aluminum. The separating agent is difficult to volatilize, has a high aluminum and plastic separation speed, and has no corrosion or oxidation on aluminum. In addition, the separation agent has the advantages of readily available raw materials, low environmental pollution and reuse, production and process equipment is simple, and the cost is low. The product prepared by the invention can be broadly applied to the aluminum-plastic separation of aluminum-plastic packaging materials such as pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, daily products, industrial products and the like.
[019] Patente chinesa CN1718408 - "Método de recuperação e utilização de película de alumínio e composto plástico". Um processo para a recuperação da película de alumínio-plástico inclui as fases de imersão a referida película em solvente orgânico, agitando, a remoção centrífuga do referido solvente orgânico, e separando manualmente folha de Al a partir de película de plástico por decapagem. [019] Chinese patent CN1718408 - "Method of recovery and use of aluminum foil and plastic compound". A process for recovering the aluminum-plastic film includes the steps of dipping said film in organic solvent by stirring centrifugal removal of said organic solvent, and manually separating Al sheet from plastic film by stripping.
[020] Patente chinesa CN1693344 (A) - "Agente de separação rápida de alumínio em material de embalagem de plástico composto e processo de produção do mesmo. Um agente de separação para o material compósito de papel de embalagem-Al-plástico é preparado a partir de surfactante aniónico, solventes, ácidos e sal de metal. Seu processo de separação inclui as medidas que quebra o referido material de embalagem, a imersão no referido agente separador, mexendo, lavagem e classificação. [020] Chinese patent CN1693344 (A) - "Aluminum Rapid Separating Agent in Composite Plastic Packaging Material and Production Process. A separation agent for Al-plastic packaging paper composite material is prepared to from anionic surfactant, solvents, acids and metal salt, its separation process includes measures that break said packaging material, immersion in said separating agent, stirring, washing and classification.
[021] Patente chinesa CN 1554691 (A) - "Método para a separação de papel alumínio e filme plástico de resíduos de filme de alumínio". A presente invenção refere-se a proteção do ambiente e utilização de resíduos. O processo de separação de papel alumínio e filme plástico de resíduos de filme de alumínio inclui a imersão em água fria, a imersão em
solvente misturado com tetralin, tetra e ácido acético glacial na temperatura normal e alta por um longo período, e separando em água fria automaticamente. O referido método é superior ao disponível método de incineração e aterro e pode produzir certa utilidade económica, evitando a poluição ambiental. [021] Chinese patent CN 1554691 (A) - "Method for the separation of aluminum foil and plastic film from aluminum foil waste". The present invention relates to environmental protection and waste utilization. The process of separating aluminum foil and plastic film from aluminum foil waste includes cold water immersion, immersion in solvent mixed with tetralin, tetra and glacial acetic acid at normal and high temperature for a long time, and separating in cold water automatically. This method is superior to the available incineration and landfill method and can produce some economic utility by avoiding environmental pollution.
[022] Patente europeia BG103256 (A) - " Método para a extração de alumínio e polietileno a partir de resíduos industriais e residenciais". O método é utilizado para a reciclagem de alumínio e de polietileno a partir de resíduos industriais e domésticos, na forma de laminado de dois lados da folha de alumínio. Ele reduz consideravelmente a poluição do meio ambiente e, simultaneamente, utiliza o polietileno e o alumínio em maior grau de extração. Pelo método o resíduo é lavado e moído até tamanhos de partícula de 3 a 6 mm. O tratamento térmico é feito após a mistura do resíduo com um fluido inerte num recipiente hermético a uma temperatura variando 100-290 graus. C durante 10 a 30 minutos, dependendo do material. Este último é aquecido, de novo terreno para tamanhos de partícula de 2 a 4 mm e é cycloned. Os aluminiumshavings são tratados num solvente orgânico, tal como benzeno ou tolueno e as partículas de polímero são tratados com uma solução de base de sódio. Os produtos despejaram são lavadas e secas, após o que eles são prensados sob pressão de 100 a 200 atm. [022] European patent BG103256 (A) - "Method for the extraction of aluminum and polyethylene from industrial and residential waste". The method is used for recycling aluminum and polyethylene from industrial and domestic waste in the form of laminate on both sides of aluminum foil. It considerably reduces environmental pollution and at the same time uses polyethylene and aluminum to a greater degree of extraction. By the method the residue is washed and milled to particle sizes of 3 to 6 mm. Heat treatment is done after mixing the residue with an inert fluid in an airtight container at a temperature ranging from 100-290 degrees. C for 10 to 30 minutes, depending on material. The latter is heated, again ground to 2 to 4 mm particle sizes and is cycloned. Aluminumshavings are treated in an organic solvent such as benzene or toluene and the polymer particles are treated with a sodium base solution. The poured products are washed and dried, after which they are pressed under pressure from 100 to 200 atm.
[023] Patente chinesa CN1217969 (A) - "Método e aparelho para separar quimicamente papel de embalagem compósito". Um método de separação química e aparelhos para invólucro de compósito é constituída por reator, condensador, tanque de líquido, do motor, da válvula de controle e duto. No reator há filtro de camada líquida e pás de agitação. A entrada e a saída do condensador estãoligadas ao reator. O referido invólucro de compósito é selado no reator. O solvente capaz de dissolver o polietileno
é adicionado ao reator e aquecido a 50-85 graus C, agita-se até dissolver o adesivo e a camada de plástico para a recuperação de papel, folha de alumínio e plástico, respectivamente. Suas vantagens são a utilização de resíduos e reduzir a poluição ambiental. [023] Chinese patent CN1217969 (A) - "Method and apparatus for chemically separating composite packaging paper". A method of chemical separation and composite enclosure apparatus consists of reactor, condenser, liquid tank, motor, control valve and duct. In the reactor there is a liquid layer filter and stirring paddles. The condenser inlet and outlet are connected to the reactor. Said composite shell is sealed in the reactor. The solvent capable of dissolving polyethylene It is added to the reactor and heated to 50-85 degrees C, stirred to dissolve the adhesive and plastic layer for the recovery of paper, aluminum foil and plastic respectively. Its advantages are the use of waste and reduce environmental pollution.
[024] Patente coreana KR 20010016352 - [024] Korean Patent KR 20010016352 -
"Método para remover filme de alumínio a partir de plástico flexível". Revela Processo que promove a reação do qlumínio na presença de álcoois, Como o metanol, etanol, propanol e o butanol, associado a sais na forma de cloreto, tais como cloretos de mercúrio,cálcio, magnésio, Potássio, Alumínio, ou mesmo ácido clorídrico. "Method for removing aluminum foil from flexible plastic". Reveals Process that promotes reaction of aluminum in the presence of alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol, associated with salts in the form of chloride, such as mercury chlorides, calcium, magnesium, potassium, aluminum, or even hydrochloric acid .
[025] Patente alemã EP0568791 (A2) German patent EP0568791 (A2)
"Processo para a regeneração de materiais de embalagem. Processo para a regeneração de materiais de embalagem". A invenção refere-se a um processo para a reciclagem de materiais de embalagem que contêm um ou mais polímeros sintéticos e / ou metais e / ou polímeros naturais, com a dissolução do componente polimérico sintético por solvente e recuperação de componentes de embalagens solúveis e insolúveis. O objeto da presente invenção é o de desenvolver um processo barato e ambientalmente amigável para a reciclagem de materiais de embalagem que contêm um ou mais polímeros sintéticos e / ou metais e / ou de polímeros naturais, em particular compósitos de embalagem. As desvantagens dos processos conhecidos devem ser substancialmente evitadas. Em particular, o componente de polímero sintético, deve ser separada de uma maneira adequada para a reciclagem. Os outros componentes dos compósitos de embalagem, tais como os polímeros naturais presentes no cartão (placa) e de papel, em especial de celulose e de metal, em particular alumínio, são de igual modo ser obtidos unicamente como componentes individuais adequados para a reciclagem de materiais. Este objetivo é alcançado de acordo com a invenção
por um processo em que os materiais de embalagem para serem reciclados são tratados com um solvente alifático compreendendo, nafténicos ou hidrocarbonetos aromáticos, produtos hidrogenados destes ou uma mistura dos mesmos. O tratamento com solvente é realizado até que o componente de polímero sintético tenha dissolvido. A temperatura de tratamento é entre 0 e 500 ° C. Os dissolventes utilizados são, em particular, as fracções de ebulição da refinação de petróleo primário e secundário cuja limites são ebulição na gama entre 40 e 500 ° C. O resultado do processo de tratamento é uma mistura líquida de hidrocarbonetos de vários estruturas e pesos molecular em que os componentes de empacotamento são insolúveis e dispersos. Estes componentes de acondicionamento insolúveis, tais como resíduos de celulose e alumínio, são separados da fase líquida. A separação dos constituintes insolúveis é seguida de embalagem de acordo com a invenção pôr a separação do componente de polímero dissolvido a partir da mistura líquida. "Process for the regeneration of packaging materials. Process for the regeneration of packaging materials". The invention relates to a process for recycling packaging materials containing one or more synthetic polymers and / or natural metals and / or polymers by dissolving the synthetic polymeric component by solvent and recovering soluble and insoluble packaging components. . The object of the present invention is to develop a cheap and environmentally friendly process for recycling packaging materials containing one or more synthetic polymers and / or metals and / or natural polymers, in particular packaging composites. The disadvantages of known processes should be substantially avoided. In particular, the synthetic polymer component must be separated in a manner suitable for recycling. The other components of packaging composites, such as the natural polymers present in paperboard (board) and paper, in particular cellulose and metal, in particular aluminum, are also obtained solely as suitable individual components for the recycling of materials. This objective is achieved according to the invention. by a process wherein the packaging materials for recycling are treated with an aliphatic solvent comprising, naphthenic or aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrogenated products thereof or a mixture thereof. Solvent treatment is performed until the synthetic polymer component has dissolved. The treatment temperature is between 0 and 500 ° C. The solvents used are in particular the boiling fractions of the primary and secondary oil refining whose limits are boiling in the range between 40 and 500 ° C. The result of the treatment process It is a liquid mixture of hydrocarbons of various structures and molecular weights in which the packaging components are insoluble and dispersed. These insoluble packaging components, such as aluminum and cellulose wastes, are separated from the liquid phase. Separation of insoluble constituents is followed by packaging according to the invention by separating the dissolved polymer component from the liquid mixture.
[026] Patente europeia WO2004031274 (Al) - European Patent WO2004031274 (Al) -
"Um processo para a recuperação de materiais úteis a partir de embalagens laminadas multi-camadas". Um processo de recuperação de componentes úteis a partir de fragmentos laminados de camadas múltiplas de resíduos industriais de embalagem em folha, tubo ou forma triturada do outro como constituintes separados, compreendendo tratar os fragmentos triturados com uma solução de uma base inorgânica, de modo a dissolver o metal de alumínio laminado a sais de alumínio recuperáveis subsequentes, principalmente como aluminato de sódio para uso medicinal na forma de gel e hidróxido de alumínio grau farmacêutico e recuperar os plásticos de polietileno em condição física para lavar o mesmo. "A process for the recovery of useful materials from multi-layer laminated packaging". A process of recovering useful components from multi-layer laminate fragments of industrial waste packaging in a sheet, tube or shredded form of the other as separate constituents, comprising treating the shredded fragments with a solution of an inorganic base to dissolve. the aluminum metal laminated to subsequent recoverable aluminum salts, mainly as sodium aluminate for medical use in the form of pharmaceutical grade aluminum hydroxide gel and hydroxide and to recover the polyethylene plastics in physical condition to wash the same.
[027] Patente europeia WO200250175 (A2) - European patent WO200250175 (A2) -
"Um processo de laminação de embalagens na forma de laminado". Um
processo para a recuperação de componentes úteis a partir de fragmentos laminados em camadas múltiplas de resíduos industriais de embalagem em folha, tira, tubo ou forma triturada do outro como constituintes separados, compreendendo o tratamento dos fragmentos com uma solução de ácido inorgânico, sendo 50% a 70% cone. ácido nítrico para cerca de 4-7 horas, de modo a soltar a ligação dos componentes; descascar os componentes fisicamente e lavar o mesmo. "A process of laminating packaging in the form of laminate". a A process for the recovery of useful components from multilayer laminated fragments of industrial packaging waste in a sheet, strip, tube or crushed form of the other as separate constituents, comprising treating the fragments with an inorganic acid solution, 50% of which at 70% cone. nitric acid for about 4-7 hours to loosen bonding of components; physically peel the components and wash the same.
[028] Patente espanhola ES2087013 (Al) - [028] Spanish patent ES2087013 (Al) -
"Processo para a recuperação de polietileno e alumínio a partir de folhas de alumínio revestidas de polietileno a partir de resíduos de contentores do tipo pacote". Processo para a recuperação de polietileno e alumínio a partir de folhas de alumínio revestidas de polietileno a partir de resíduos de contentores do tipo pacote. O processo utiliza solventes orgânicos tais como hidrocarbonetos clorados ou não clorados e compreende as seguintes etapas: a) trituração do material, b) extração do polietileno com um solvente orgânico, c) separação a quente do alumínio a partir da solução obtida em b), d) separação do polietileno, quer dissolvido por arrefecimento da solução a uma temperatura abaixo de 60 graus C e separando o sólido que precipita ou por evaporação do solvente, em que qualquer de fases b), c) e d), continuamente ou descontinuamente. Alcano, hidrocarbonetos ou misturas destes e hidrocarbonetos halogéneos aromáticos ou olefinas são utilizadas como solventes. A extração tem lugar a temperaturas entre 50 e 200 graus C e a uma pressão compreendida entre a pressão atmosférica e 0,4 kPa. "Process for the recovery of polyethylene and aluminum from polyethylene coated aluminum sheets from package waste containers". Process for the recovery of polyethylene and aluminum from polyethylene coated aluminum sheets from package waste containers. The process utilizes organic solvents such as chlorinated or non-chlorinated hydrocarbons and comprises the following steps: a) grinding of the material, b) extraction of polyethylene with an organic solvent, c) hot separation of aluminum from the solution obtained in b), d) separating the polyethylene, either dissolved by cooling the solution to a temperature below 60 degrees C and separating the precipitating solid or by evaporating the solvent, wherein either of steps b), c) and d), continuously or discontinuously. Alkane, hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof and aromatic halogen hydrocarbons or olefins are used as solvents. Extraction takes place at temperatures between 50 and 200 degrees C and at a pressure between atmospheric pressure and 0.4 kPa.
[029] Patente Espanhola PI 2383208[029] Spanish Patent PI 2383208
"Procedimento para a Reciclagem de Materiais Compostos que Contem Alumínio". Revela uma técnica que recupera celulose pela desagregação mecânica de embalagens residual e então conduzido para a recuperação do alumínio. Contudo, neste processo o polietileno é destruído e transformado
em parafinas e gases. O referido processo usa plasma na operação, além da perda não requer polímero para sua para operação e consumo de alta uma energia quantidade, visto para operar ou temperaturas de plasma necessita-se na ordem 15.000 °C, além de necessidade de operar em atmosfera inerte, ou meio custo elevados. "Procedure for Recycling of Composite Materials Containing Aluminum". It reveals a technique that recovers pulp by mechanical breakdown of residual packaging and then conducted for the recovery of aluminum. However, in this process polyethylene is destroyed and transformed in paraffins and gases. Said process uses plasma in operation, besides the loss does not require polymer for its operation and consumption of a high energy quantity, seen to operate or plasma temperatures is required in the order 15,000 ° C, besides the need to operate in inert atmosphere. , or high cost.
[030] Os processos atualmente existentes para a mesma finalidade apresentam desvantagens, limitações e inconvenientes de recuperar somente parte das matérias primas em sua integridade constitucional, de apresentar alto consumo energético e não reciclar as matérias primas auxiliares, de apresentar altos custos de processamento e de investimento e de apresentar alta relação custo /benefício. [030] Currently existing processes for the same purpose have disadvantages, limitations and drawbacks of recovering only part of the raw materials in their constitutional integrity, having high energy consumption and not recycling auxiliary raw materials, presenting high processing costs and high cost-benefit ratio.
[031] "PROCESSO DE RECICLAGEM DE[031] "PROCESS RECYCLING PROCESS
EMBALAGENS PLÁSTICAS METALIZADAS", objeto da presente patente, foi desenvolvido para superar as desvantagens, limitações e inconvenientes dos processos atuais, pois usa um processo simples que baseado no uso de ácido orgânico que permeia a camada de polímero e ao encontrar o adesivo entre o alumínio e o polímero, reage quimicamente basicamente com o adesivo (alumínio reage muito fracamente com ácido orgânico de cadeia curta e o polímero não é dissolvido pelo ácido orgânico ) e solta a(s) camada(s) de polímero da folha de alumínio, permitindo a simples separação do filme de polímero do alumínio e reciclando água residual na preparação de nova solução de ácido orgânico. O novo processo objetiva agregar valor aos produtos recuperados, recuperar material com as características mais próximas daquelas que possuíam inicialmente, aproveitar resíduos, reduzir dano ambiental, redução e economia de energia em substituição a produção a partir de novos insumos e de economia de insumos e apresenta como vantagens a recuperação de todas as matérias primas em sua integridade constitucional, com baixo consumo energético,
com reciclo das matérias primas auxiliares, apresentar baixos custos de processamento e de investimento e apresentar menor relação custo /benefício. METALIZED PLASTIC PACKAGING ", object of the present patent, was developed to overcome the disadvantages, limitations and drawbacks of current processes, as it uses a simple process based on the use of organic acid that permeates the polymer layer and when finding the adhesive between aluminum and the polymer, reacts chemically basically with the adhesive (aluminum reacts very weakly with short chain organic acid and the polymer is not dissolved by the organic acid) and loosens the polymer layer (s) of the aluminum foil, allowing the simple separation of the polymer film from aluminum and recycling wastewater in the preparation of a new organic acid solution.The new process aims to add value to the recovered products, recover material with characteristics closer to those they initially had, harness waste, reduce environmental damage, reduction and energy savings to replace production from new inputs and economy of inputs and has as advantages the recovery of all raw materials in their constitutional integrity, with low energy consumption, with recycling of auxiliary raw materials, low processing and investment costs and lower cost / benefit ratio.
[032] Os processos atuais apresentam os seguintes problemas técnicos, resolvidos pela presente patente da seguinte maneira: [032] Current processes present the following technical problems, solved by the present patent as follows:
[033] a) Aofinal do processo de reciclagem ocorre a geração de novo passivo ambiental, resolvido através de reciclagem de líquidos para reutilização e obtenção de subprodutos comerciais; [033] (a) At the end of the recycling process there is the generation of a new environmental liability, resolved by recycling liquids for reuse and obtaining commercial by-products;
[034] b) Alto consumo de energia resolvido pela adoção de processo simples com utilização de pouca energia; e [034] (b) high energy consumption solved by the adoption of a simple low energy process; and
[035] c) Necessidade de solventes que exigem cuidados adicionais para evitar danos à saúde e de segurança contra incêndios e explosões, resolvido pela adoção de processo simples sem utilização de produtos inflamáveis. [035] (c) Need for solvents requiring additional care to prevent fire and explosion health and safety damage, resolved by the adoption of a simple process without the use of flammable products.
[036] A seguir é descrito o histórico da pesquisa e desenvolvimento do processo do presente patente: [036] The following describes the research and development history of the process of the present patent:
[037] O início do desenvolvimento deste processo se deu a partir da análise de um trabalho (G. Olafsson et ali, 1992) sobre a estabilidade de embalagens tipo Longa Vida quando utilizadas na armazenagem de produtos contendo diversos ácidos orgânicos como: ácido acético, ácido lático, ácido propiônico e ácido cítrico. Foram realizados testes com estes ácidos em concentrações correspondentes às obtidas em diversos produtos alimentícios. Como conclusão se chegou à desadesivação da camada de polímero Polietileno de Baixa Densidade - PEBD da camada de Alumínio após oito ou mais dias de teste. [037] The beginning of the development of this process came from the analysis of a work (G. Olafsson et al, 1992) on the stability of Long Life packaging when used in the storage of products containing various organic acids such as: acetic acid, lactic acid, propionic acid and citric acid. Tests were performed with these acids at concentrations corresponding to those obtained in various food products. As a conclusion, the low density polyethylene - LDPE polymer layer was de-activated from the aluminum layer after eight or more days of testing.
[038] A partir deste estudo, iniciou-se a avaliação dos mecanismos envolvidos no processo de desadesivação e concluiu-se que se tratava de uma série de etapas: Permeação do ácido através da camada de
PEBD e ataque da superfície da lamina de alumínio com consequente destruição da camada adesiva. [038] From this study, the evaluation of the mechanisms involved in the desadivation process began and it was concluded that these were a series of steps: Acid permeation through the LDPE and surface attack of the aluminum foil with consequent destruction of the adhesive layer.
[039] Para aumentar a taxa de transporte de massa na permeação do ácido através da camada de PEBD atuou-se em três variáveis: [039] In order to increase the mass transport rate in acid permeation through the LDPE layer, three variables were acted upon:
[040] a) Aumento do gradiente de concentração para aumentar a difusão. Isto foi obtido pelo aumento da concentração do ácido. [040] a) Increased concentration gradient to increase diffusion. This was obtained by increasing the acid concentration.
[041] b) Provocar alteração morfológica na estrutura do polímero (PEBD) de forma a favorecer o transporte de massa. Isto foi obtido através da aplicação de temperatura na faixa da transição BETA. (041) (b) Cause morphological change in polymer structure (LDPE) to promote mass transport. This was obtained by applying temperature in the BETA transition range.
[042] c) Redução do tamanho da cadeia do ácido de forma a facilitar a difusão através da camada de polímero (PEBD). Isto foi obtido com a utilização de ácido acético e ácido fórmico. C) Reduction of the acid chain size to facilitate diffusion through the polymer layer (LDPE). This was obtained using acetic acid and formic acid.
[043] Numa avaliação do diagrama de estabilidade eletroquímica do Alumínio (Diagrama de Pourbaix), se verifica que em pH abaixo de 2 há a conversão do A1203 em A13+. Este processo de conversão é o responsável pela desadesivação da camada de PEBD da lamina de Alumínio. (Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous solution. Mareei Pourbaix. NACE. CEBELCOR (1974) pg 171). [043] In an evaluation of the Aluminum electrochemical stability diagram (Pourbaix Diagram), it is found that at pH below 2 there is the conversion of A1203 to A13 +. This conversion process is responsible for deactivating the LDPE layer of the aluminum foil. (Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solution. Mareei Pourbaix. NACE. CEBELCOR (1974) pg 171).
[044] Testou-se a utilização de ácidos minerais, como o ácido nítrico, onde a concentração precisaria ser mantida abaixo de 3% e a temperatura variando de 10 a 40 o C. Entretanto, esta temperatura está abaixo da temperatura de Transição Beta para a alteração morfológica do PEBD, que está na faixa de 55+5 o C, favorecendo a permeação. Temperaturas superiores a 40 o C causam uma alta taxa de corrosão do alumínio pelo ácido nítrico, convertendo toda a lâmina de Al em óxidos.
Neste caso seria perdida a vantagem de obtenção do alumínio na forma metálica. Para o caso da utilização de ácido sulfúrico a taxa de corrosão seria igualmente elevada convertendo, praticamente, toda a lâmina de alumínio em óxido. The use of mineral acids, such as nitric acid, where the concentration would need to be kept below 3% and the temperature ranging from 10 to 40 ° C has been tested. However, this temperature is below the Transition temperature from Beta to the morphological alteration of the LDPE, which is in the range of 55 + 5 o C, favoring the permeation. Temperatures above 40 o C cause a high corrosion rate of aluminum by nitric acid, converting the entire Al sheet into oxides. In this case the advantage of obtaining aluminum in metallic form would be lost. For the use of sulfuric acid the corrosion rate would also be high converting virtually the entire aluminum foil into oxide.
[045] Observou-se que a temperatura de 55 o C é correspondente à temperatura limite em que se tem processo de relaxação para o polímero (Polietileno de Baixa Densidade - PEBD). Este processo de relaxação ocasiona aumento de permeabilidade no polímero (PEBD) favorecendo a rápida permeação da solução reativa, composta por ácido fórmico, para a superfície da lâmina de alumínio. A rápida permeação do ácido fórmico se deve ao fato do mesmo ser composto por molécula de cadeia muito curta. A concentração de 20% em volume de ácido Fórmico (pH = 1,53) corresponde à concentração em que se tem uma taxa máxima de corrosão para o alumínio, na temperatura de 55+5 o C, de cerca de 1,25 mm/ano. Este processo de corrosão será o responsável pelo descolamento da camada de polímero (PEBD) da superfície o alumínio. Maiores taxas de corrosão irão causar perda de alumínio metálico com consequente redução no valor do material obtido bem como maior contaminação da solução de processo. Menores taxas de corrosão irão implicar em maiores tempos de processamento. The temperature of 55 ° C has been observed to correspond to the limiting temperature at which the relaxation process for the polymer (Low Density Polyethylene - LDPE) takes place. This relaxation process leads to increased polymer permeability (LDPE) favoring the rapid permeation of the reactive solution, composed of formic acid, to the surface of the aluminum foil. The rapid permeation of formic acid is due to the fact that it is composed of a very short chain molecule. The 20% by volume concentration of Formic acid (pH = 1,53) corresponds to the concentration at which the maximum corrosion rate for aluminum at 55 + 5 o C is about 1,25 mm / year. This corrosion process will be responsible for detaching the polymer layer (LDPE) from the aluminum surface. Higher corrosion rates will cause loss of metallic aluminum with consequent reduction in the value of the material obtained as well as greater contamination of the process solution. Lower corrosion rates will lead to longer processing times.
[046] Observou-se que o tempo tem que ser suficiente para que ocorra o processo de permeação do ácido fórmico através do polímero (PEBD), que desenvolva processo de conversão do A1203 em A13+ e que cause a desadesivação do polímero (PEBD) do alumínio. A aplicação de maiores tempos de processo pode ter como consequência uma maior dissolução do alumínio. Desta forma ter-se-ia perda de alumínio metálico e maior contaminação da solução de processo.
[047] Observou-se que a agitação, além de promover uma melhor molhabilidade da superfície das lâminas de polímero- alumínio provocará processo de cisalhamento e desplacamento, ou seja, separação mecânica, do polímero (PEBD) da lâmina de alumínio. It has been noted that the time has to be sufficient for the polymeric formic acid (LDPE) permeation process to take place, which develops the process of converting the A1203 to A13 + and causing the polymer deaeration (LDPE) of aluminum. The application of longer process times may result in greater dissolution of aluminum. This would lead to loss of metallic aluminum and greater contamination of the process solution. It has been observed that agitation, in addition to promoting better surface wettability of the polymer-aluminum sheets, will cause shearing and peeling, ie mechanical separation of the polymer (LDPE) from the aluminum sheet.
[048] A relação entre a taxa de corrosão do [048] The relationship between the corrosion rate of
Alumínio e a concentração do ácido acético e ácido fórmico foi obtida através da literatura (CorrosionofAluminumandAluminumAlloys. Editado por J.R.Davis, ASTM International (1999) pg. 155-157. Aluminum and the concentration of acetic acid and formic acid were obtained from the literature (CorrosionofAluminumandAluminumAlloys. Edited by J.R.Davis, ASTM International (1999) p. 155-157.
[049] Baseado nestes resultados, foi selecionado o ácido fórmico, em concentração de 20% em volume como solução de processo. Based on these results, formic acid was selected at a concentration of 20% by volume as the process solution.
[050] Desta forma, baseando-se nos resultados obtidos dos trabalhos de pesquisa, foram selecionadas as seguintes condições de processo: [050] Thus, based on the results obtained from the research work, the following process conditions were selected:
[051] - Utilização de ácido fórmico; [051] - Use of formic acid;
[052] - Temperatura da solução em 55 o C; [052] - Temperature of the solution at 55 o C;
[053] - Concentração do ácido em 20% em volume; [053] - Concentration of acid by 20% by volume;
[054] - Tempo de processo de 15 minutos. [054] - Process time 15 minutes.
[055] - Testaram- se os limites de temperatura, concentração e tempo e observou-se que as faixas em que o processo funciona, são: [055] - The limits of temperature, concentration and time were tested and it was observed that the ranges in which the process works are:
[056] - Temperaturas da solução em 45 a 60 o C; [056] - Solution temperatures at 45 to 60 ° C;
[057] - Concentração do ácido em 15 a 20 % em volume; [057] - Acid concentration by 15 to 20% by volume;
[058] - Tempo de processo de 10 a 15 minutos. [058] - Process time from 10 to 15 minutes.
[059] Para melhor compreensão da presente patente é anexada a Figura 1, que mostra o fluxograma do processo.
[060] A pesquisa e desenvolvimento gerou o processo de reciclagem de embalagens plásticas metalizadas da presente patente que se dá na seguinte sequência: For better understanding of the present patent is attached Figure 1, which shows the process flowchart. [060] Research and development has led to the process of recycling metallized plastic packaging of the present patent which follows:
[061] A. Preparo da solução na especificação desejada: [061] A. Preparation of solution to desired specification:
[062] A.l Solução concentrada do reagente 85% [062] A.l Concentrated reagent solution 85%
(SCR) (ácido Fórmico, HCOOH) é descarregada e armazenada em tanque (TQ-01); (SCR) (Formic acid, HCOOH) is discharged and stored in tank (TQ-01);
[063] A.2 Agua limpa (AL) é armazenada num outro tanque (TQ-02); [063] A.2 Clean water (AL) is stored in another tank (TQ-02);
[064] A.3 Agua limpa (AL) na quantidade para formar a solução reagente diluída na concentração de 15 a 20 % é transferida para o tanque de dissolução (TQ-03); e [064] A.3 Clean water (AL) in the amount to form the diluted reagent solution at a concentration of 15 to 20% is transferred to the dissolution tank (TQ-03); and
[065] A.4 Da mesma forma, a solução do reagente concentrado 85% (SCR) na quantidade para formar a solução reagente diluída na concentração de 15 a 20 % é transferida para o tanque TQ-03 e mantida sob agitação e aquecimento até atingir a temperatura de 55+5 ° C. [065] A.4 Likewise, the 85% concentrated reagent solution (SCR) in the amount to form the 15-20% diluted reagent solution is transferred to the TQ-03 tank and kept under stirring and heating until reach 55 + 5 ° C.
[066] B. Preparo do material para etapa de desagregação: [066] B. Preparation of material for disaggregation step:
[067] B.l As lâminas de polímero-alumínio [067] B.l Polymer Aluminum Blades
(LPA), com resquícios de fibras de papel, é fragmentado em pedaços com área superficial menor que 4 cm2 por picador (P-01), obtendo-se lâminas picadas. (LPA), with remnants of paper fibers, is shredded into pieces with a surface area of less than 4 cm2 per mincer (P-01), obtaining chopped blades.
[068] C. Separação química das fases polímero e alumínio: [068] C. Chemical separation of polymer and aluminum phases:
[069] CI A solução do reagente diluída (SRD) na temperatura desejada e na quantidade equivalente a relação líquido-sólido 25 a 50 /l é transferida até o reator (R-01);
[070] C.2 As lâminas picadas na quantidade equivalente a relação líquido-sólido 25 a 50 /l são transferidas até o reator (R-01) e alimentadas; e [069] CI The diluted reagent solution (SRD) at the desired temperature and in the amount equivalent to 25 to 50 / l liquid-solid ratio is transferred to the reactor (R-01); [070] C.2 Chopped blades in the amount equivalent to 25 to 50 / l liquid-solid ratio are transferred to reactor (R-01) and fed; and
[071] C.3 O reator é mantido na faixa de temperatura 55+5 ° C e agitação por 10 a 15 minutos. [071] C.3 The reactor is kept in the temperature range 55 + 5 ° C and stirred for 10 to 15 minutes.
[072] D. Separações físicas das fases polímero, alumínio, água e fibras: [072] D. Physical separations of polymer, aluminum, water and fiber phases:
[073] D.l Reciclo de solução reagente diluída [073] D.l Recycle dilute reagent solution
(SRD): (SRD):
[074] D.l . a Após o tempo definido para o processamento, o conteúdo do reator é direcionado a um filtro (F-01), onde ocorre a separação do material sólido (polímero (PEBD), alumínio e fibras de papel) da solução reagente utilizada (SRU); [074] D.I. a After the set processing time, the reactor contents are directed to a filter (F-01), where the solid material (polymer (LDPE), aluminum and paper fibers) is separated from the used reagent solution (SRU) ;
[075] D.l .b A solução reagente utilizada (SRU) passa por outro filtro (F-02), que separa parte das fibras remanescentes (RFO) provenientes da etapa de desagregação da solução reagente utilizada (SRU) e sem fibras; [075] D.l .b The reagent used (SRU) is passed through another filter (F-02), which separates part of the remaining fibers (RFO) from the disintegrated reagent solution (SRU) step without fibers;
[076] D.l.c A solução reagente utilizada (SRUSF) sem fibras retorna ao tanque de dissolução (TQ-03), onde novamente é aquecida até atingir o patamar requerido, tem seu pH corrigido com pequena quantidade de ácido fórmico concentrado de modo que possa ser reutilizada sem prejuízos e é completada considerando a quantidade de solução arrastada pelo material sólido; e [076] Dlc The fiber-free reagent solution used (SRUSF) is returned to the dissolution tank (TQ-03), where it is again heated to the required level, its pH corrected with a small amount of concentrated formic acid so that it can be reused without damage and is completed by considering the amount of solution entrained by the solid material; and
[077] D.l . d as fibras (RFO) compostas basicamente por fibras de papel de óxido de alumínio, são incineradas no incinerador (1-01). [077] D.I. d The fibers (RFO) composed primarily of aluminum oxide paper fibers are incinerated in the incinerator (1-01).
[078] D.2 Lavagem dos sólidos:
[079] D.2.a Após a remoção da solução reagente utilizada (SRU) do filtro (F-01) ocorre a lavagem do material sólido através de alimentação de água de limpa (AL) na direção contrária em que foi retido o material sólido, para a limpeza do filtro e arraste dos sólidos; [078] D.2 Washing of solids: [079] D.2.a After removal of the used reagent (SRU) from the filter (F-01), the solid material is flushed through clean water (AL) feed in the opposite direction in which the material was retained. solid, for filter cleaning and dragging of solids;
[080] D.2.b A água de limpeza do filtro (ALF) é direcionada para tanque de decantação lamelar (TQ-04) onde ocorre a separação física, por diferença de densidade, entre o polímero (PEBD) e o alumínio. [080] D.2.b Filter cleaning water (ALF) is directed to the lamellar settling tank (TQ-04) where physical separation by density difference between the polymer (LDPE) and aluminum occurs.
[081] D.3 Separação polímero (PEBD) /água e alumínio/água: [081] D.3 Polymer (LDPE) / water and aluminum / water separation:
[082] D.3. a A corrente composta por água e polímero (PEBD) posicionada na parte superior é encaminhada para a centrífuga (C-01) onde é feita a retirada da água separada do polímero (PEBD) recuperado (PR); [082] D.3. The water and polymer (LDPE) stream positioned at the top is routed to the centrifuge (C-01) where the separated water from the recovered polymer (LDPE) is removed;
[083] D.3.b A corrente composta por água e alumínio posicionada na parte inferior é encaminhada para a centrífuga (C- 02) onde é feita a retirada da água separada do alumínio recuperado (AR); e [084] D.3.c As águas separadas são encaminhadas para a etapa de separação do resquício de fibras e produto de oxidação de alumínio. [083] D.3.b The lower water and aluminum stream at the bottom is routed to the centrifuge (C-02) where the separated water is recovered from the recovered aluminum (AR); and [084] D.3.c Separate waters are directed to the separation phase of fiber waste and aluminum oxidation product.
[085] D.4 Separação do resquício de fibras e produto de oxidação do alumínio: [085] D.4 Separation of fiber remnant and oxidation product from aluminum:
[086] D.4.a As águas separadas nos processos de centrifugação (ASC) do alumínio e do polímero (PEBD) passam por um filtro (F-03) para retirada dos resquícios (RFO) de fibra de papel e de óxidos de alumínio (AI2O3) provenientes do processo; [086] D.4.a Separated waters in the aluminum and polymer centrifugation (ASC) processes (LDPE) pass through a filter (F-03) to remove the remains (RFO) of paper fiber and oxides of aluminum (AI2O3) from the process;
[087] D.4.b As águas limpas (AL) sem resquícios são reenviada ao tanque de armazenagem de água (TQ-02) para sua
reutilização no processo tanto de preparação da solução (TQ-03) quanto de lavagem dos sólidos (F-01); e [087] D.4.b Clean waters (LA) without remnants are returned to the water storage tank (TQ-02) for their disposal. reuse in the process of either preparing the solution (TQ-03) or washing the solids (F-01); and
[088] D.4.c Os resquícios (RFO) de fibras de papel de óxido de alumínio (AI2O3) são incinerados no incinerador (1-01). [088] D.4.c Remains (RFO) of aluminum oxide paper fibers (AI2O3) are incinerated in the incinerator (1-01).
[089] E. Finalização do processo: [089] E. Termination of the proceedings:
[090] E.l O processo é repetido continuamente através da permanente correção do pH da solução reagente utilizada. [090] E.l The process is repeated continuously by permanently correcting the pH of the reagent used.
[091] Opcionalmente, a solução reagente poderá ser alimentada em uma estação de tratamento de efluentes (ETE). Nesta estação, o tratamento se dá pela neutralização do ácido fórmico com carbonato de cálcio (CaC03) e precipitação de um sal com alto valor comercial, o formiato de cálcio (Ca(HCOO)2). [091] Optionally, the reagent solution may be fed into an effluent treatment plant (ETE). In this season, the treatment occurs by neutralizing the formic acid with calcium carbonate (CaC0 3 ) and precipitation of a salt with high commercial value, calcium formate (Ca (HCOO) 2).
[092] As águas sem resquícios apresentarão uma pequena quantidade de ácido fórmico da solução reagente que foi arrastada junto com o material encaminhado para o filtro (F-01). Entretanto, não haverá o comprometimento do processo de preparação de nova solução reagente nem de lavagem dos sólidos no filtro (F-01).
[092] The waters without remnants will contain a small amount of formic acid from the reagent solution that has been drawn along with the material sent to the filter (F-01). However, there will be no compromise in the process of preparing new reagent solution or washing the solids in the filter (F-01).
Claims
1. "PROCESSO DE RECICLAGEM1. "RECYCLING PROCESS
DE EMBALAGENS PLÁSTICAS METALIZADAS", caracterizado por, seguinte sequência: PLASTIC PACKAGING ", characterized by the following sequence:
A. Preparo da solução na especificação desejada: A. Preparation of solution to desired specification:
A.l Solução concentrada do reagente (SCR) (ácido Fórmico, HCOOH) é descarregada e armazenada em tanque (TQ-01); A.l Concentrated reagent solution (SCR) (Formic acid, HCOOH) is discharged and stored in tank (TQ-01);
A.2 Agua limpa (AL) é armazenada num outro tanque (TQ-02); A.2 Clean water (AL) is stored in another tank (TQ-02);
A.3 Agua limpa (AL) na quantidade para formar a solução reagente diluída na concentração de 15a 20 % em volume é transferida para o tanque de dissolução (TQ-03); e A.3 Clean water (AL) in the amount to form the diluted reagent solution at a concentration of 15 to 20% by volume is transferred to the dissolution tank (TQ-03); and
A.4 Da mesma forma, a solução do reagente concentrado (SCR) na quantidade para formar a solução reagente diluída na concentração de 15a 20 % em volume é transferida para o tanque TQ-03 e mantida sob agitação e aquecimento até atingir a temperatura de55±5 ° C; A.4 Likewise, the concentrated reagent solution (SCR) in the amount to form the diluted reagent solution at a concentration of 15 to 20% by volume is transferred to the TQ-03 tank and kept under stirring and heating to 55 ° C. ± 5 ° C;
B. Preparo do material para etapa de desagregação: B. Preparation of material for disaggregation step:
B. l As lâminas de polímero-alumínio (LPA), com resquícios de fibras de papel, é fragmentado em pedaços com área superficial menor que 4 cm2 por picador (P-01), obtendo-se lâminas picadas; B. l Polymer-aluminum (LPA) blades with remnants of paper fibers are shredded into pieces with a surface area of less than 4 cm 2 by mincer (P-01) to obtain minced blades;
C. Separação química das fases polímero e alumínio: C. Chemical separation of polymer and aluminum phases:
Cl A solução do reagente diluída na temperatura desejada na quantidade equivalente a relação líquido- sólido 25 a 50 /l é transferida até o reator (R-01);
C.2 As lâminas picadas na quantidade equivalente a relação líquido-sólido 25 a 50 /l são transferidas até o reator (R-01) e alimentadas; e Cl The reagent solution diluted at the desired temperature in the amount equivalent to 25 to 50 / l liquid-solid ratio is transferred to the reactor (R-01); C.2 Chopped blades in an amount equivalent to 25 to 50 / l liquid-solid ratio are transferred to the reactor (R-01) and fed; and
C.3 O reator é mantido na faixa de temperatura 55+5 ° C e agitação por 10 a 15 minutos; C.3 The reactor is kept in the temperature range 55 + 5 ° C and agitation for 10 to 15 minutes;
D. Separações físicas das fases polímero, alumínio, água e fibras: D. Physical separations of polymer, aluminum, water and fiber phases:
D.l Reciclo de solução reagente diluída (SRD): D.l Recycle Dilute Reagent Solution (SRD):
D.l . a Após o tempo definido para o processamento, o conteúdo do reator é direcionado a um filtro (F-01), onde ocorre a separação do material sólido (polímero (PEBD), alumínio e fibras de papel) da solução reagente utilizada (SRU); D.l. a After the set processing time, the reactor contents are directed to a filter (F-01), where the solid material (polymer (LDPE), aluminum and paper fibers) is separated from the used reagent solution (SRU) ;
D.l .b A solução reagente utilizada (SRU) passa por outro filtro (F-02), que separa parte das fibras remanescentes (RFO) provenientes da etapa de desagregação da solução reagente utilizada (SRU) e sem fibras; D.l .b The used reagent solution (SRU) passes through another filter (F-02), which separates part of the remaining fibers (RFO) from the disintegrated reagent solution (SRU) step and without fibers;
D.l .c A solução reagente utilizada (SRUSF) sem fibras retorna ao tanque de dissolução (TQ-03), onde novamente é aquecida até atingir o patamar requerido, tem seu pH corrigido com pequena quantidade de ácido fórmico concentrado de modo que possa ser reutilizada sem prejuízos e é completada considerando a quantidade de solução arrastada pelo material sólido; Dl .c The fiber-free reagent solution used (SRUSF) is returned to the dissolution tank (TQ-03), where it is again heated to the required level, its pH corrected with a small amount of concentrated formic acid so that it can be reused. harmless and is completed by considering the amount of solution carried by the solid material;
D.l . d As fibras (RFO) remanescentes compostas basicamente por fibras de papel de óxido de alumínio, são incineradas no incinerador (1-01);
D.2 Lavagem dos sólidos: Dl. d Remaining fibers (RFO) composed primarily of aluminum oxide paper fibers are incinerated in the incinerator (1-01); D.2 Washing of solids:
D.2.a Após a remoção da solução reagente utilizada (SRU) do filtro (F-01) ocorre a lavagem do material sólido através de alimentação de água de limpa (AL) na direção contrária em que foi retido o material sólido, para a limpeza do filtro e arraste dos sólidos; D.2.a After removal of the used reagent solution (SRU) from the filter (F-01) the solid material is flushed through clean water (AL) feed in the opposite direction in which the solid material was retained to filter cleaning and dragging of solids;
D.2.b A água de limpeza do filtro (ALF) é direcionada para tanque de decantação lamelar (TQ-04)onde ocorre a separação física, por diferença de densidade, entre o polímero (PEBD) e o alumínio; D.2.b Filter cleaning water (ALF) is directed to the lamellar settling tank (TQ-04) where physical separation, by density difference, between polymer (LDPE) and aluminum occurs;
D.3 Separação polímero (PEBD) /água e alumínio/água: D.3 Polymer (LDPE) / water and aluminum / water separation:
D.3. a A corrente composta por água e polímero (PEBD) posicionada na parte superior é encaminhada para a centrífuga (C-01) onde é feita a retirada da água separada do polímero (PEBD) recuperado (PR); D.3. The water and polymer (LDPE) stream positioned at the top is routed to the centrifuge (C-01) where the separated water from the recovered polymer (LDPE) is removed;
D.3.b A corrente composta por água e alumínio posicionada na parte inferior é encaminhada para a centrífuga (C- 02) onde é feita a retirada da água separada do alumínio recuperado (AR); e D.3.b The undercarriage composed of water and aluminum positioned at the bottom is sent to the centrifuge (C-02) where the separated water is recovered from the recovered aluminum (AR); and
D.3.c As águas separadas são encaminhadas para a etapa de separação do resquício de fibras e produto de oxidação de alumínio; D.3.c Separate waters are directed to the separation phase of fiber waste and aluminum oxidation product;
D.4 Separação do resquício de fibras e produto de oxidação do alumínio: D.4 Separation of fiber remnant and oxidation product from aluminum:
D.4.a As águas separadas nos processos de centrifugação (ASC) do alumínio e do polímero (PEBD) passam por um filtro (F-03) para retirada dos resquícios (RFO) de fibra de papel e de óxidos de alumínio (A1203) provenientes do processo;
D.4.b As águas limpas (AL) sem resquícios são reenviada ao tanque de armazenagem de água (TQ-02) para sua reutilização no processo tanto de preparação da solução (TQ-03) quanto de lavagem dos sólidos (F-01); e D.4.a Separate waters in aluminum and polymer (ASC) centrifugation processes (LDPE) pass through a filter (F-03) to remove the remains (RFO) of paper fiber and aluminum oxides (A1 2 0 3 ) from the process; D.4.b Clean waters (AL) without remnants are returned to the water storage tank (TQ-02) for reuse in either the solution preparation (TQ-03) or the solids washing process (F-01). ); and
D.4.c Os resquícios (RFO) de fibras de papel de óxido de alumínio (A1203) são incinerados no incinerador (1-01); e D.4.c The remains (RFO) of aluminum oxide paper fibers (A1 2 0 3 ) are incinerated in the incinerator (1-01); and
E. Finalização do processo: E. Finalization of the process:
E.l O processo é repetido continuamente através da permanente correção do pH da solução reagente utilizada. E.l The process is repeated continuously by permanently correcting the pH of the reagent used.
2. "PROCESSO DE RECICLAGEM DE EMBALAGENS PLÁSTICAS METALIZADAS", de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado por, opcionalmente, a solução reagente ser alimentada em uma estação de tratamento de efluentes (ETE), onde se dá a neutralização do ácido fórmico com carbonato de cálcio (CaC03) e precipitação de formiato de cálcio (Ca(HCOO)2). "METALIZED PLASTIC PACKAGING RECYCLING PROCESS" according to Claim 1, characterized in that the reaction solution is optionally fed into a wastewater treatment plant (ETE), where carbonate formic acid is neutralized. (CaCO 3 ) and precipitation of calcium formate (Ca (HCOO) 2 ).
3. "PROCESSO DE RECICLAGEM DE EMBALAGENS PLÁSTICAS METALIZADAS", de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado por, mecanismo de funcionamento para aumentar a taxa de transporte de massa na permeação do ácido através da camada de polímero (PEBD) ocorrer por atuação em três variáveis: "METALIZED PLASTIC PACKAGING RECYCLING PROCESS" according to Claim 1, characterized in that the operating mechanism for increasing the rate of mass transport of acid permeation through the polymer layer (LDPE) occurs by actuation in three. variables:
a) Aumento do gradiente de concentração para aumentar a difusão, obtido pelo aumento da concentração do ácido; (a) increasing the concentration gradient to increase diffusion obtained by increasing the acid concentration;
b) Provocar alteração morfológica na estrutura do polímero (PEBD) de forma a favorecer o transporte de massa, obtido através da aplicação de temperatura na faixa da transição BETA; e c) Redução do tamanho da cadeia do ácido de forma a facilitar a difusão através da camada de polímero (PEBD), obtido com a utilização de ácido acético e ácido fórmico.
b) Cause morphological changes in the polymer structure (LDPE) in order to favor the mass transport, obtained by applying temperature in the BETA transition range; and (c) reducing the size of the acid chain to facilitate diffusion through the polymer layer (LDPE) obtained using acetic acid and formic acid.
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| BRBR1020150102305 | 2015-05-05 | ||
| BR102015010230-5A BR102015010230B1 (en) | 2015-05-05 | 2015-05-05 | RECYCLING PROCESS OF METALLIC PLASTIC PACKAGING |
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| WO2016176752A1 true WO2016176752A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
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