WO2016173191A1 - 一种多电机驱动集中控制系统 - Google Patents

一种多电机驱动集中控制系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016173191A1
WO2016173191A1 PCT/CN2015/090342 CN2015090342W WO2016173191A1 WO 2016173191 A1 WO2016173191 A1 WO 2016173191A1 CN 2015090342 W CN2015090342 W CN 2015090342W WO 2016173191 A1 WO2016173191 A1 WO 2016173191A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
interface
motor drive
microprocessor
circuit
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PCT/CN2015/090342
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵勇
陈云生
张先胜
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中山大洋电机股份有限公司
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201520260561.5U external-priority patent/CN204613716U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201520309450.9U external-priority patent/CN204615699U/zh
Application filed by 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 filed Critical 中山大洋电机股份有限公司
Publication of WO2016173191A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016173191A1/zh
Priority to US15/791,374 priority Critical patent/US10186992B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P5/00—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors
    • H02P5/74—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors controlling two or more ac dynamo-electric motors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/04—Arrangements for controlling or regulating the speed or torque of more than one motor

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a multi-motor drive centralized control system.
  • the multi-motor drive centralized control system in the household air conditioner has high integration and can greatly reduce the cost.
  • the current multi-motor drive centralized control system is still not perfect.
  • the main problems are as follows: 1) the circuit structure is unreasonable and the manufacturing cost is high; 2) due to the existence of multiple microprocessors, the power supply requirements are relatively stable, but an output is currently used. Supply multiple microprocessors to work, the microprocessor is working due to voltage instability, resulting in system instability.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a multi-motor drive centralized control system, the circuit structure is more reasonable, the manufacturing cost is lower, and the system work is more stable.
  • a multi-motor drive centralized control system comprises a plurality of independent motor drive modules, a power module, an interface control microprocessor, a communication module and a plurality of motor interface modules, and the power module supplies power to each part of the circuit, and each independent motor drive
  • the module drives a PM motor, where:
  • Each motor drive module includes a motor microprocessor, an inverter circuit and a phase current detection circuit, and the phase current detection circuit transmits the detected data to the motor microprocessor, and the motor microprocessor outputs the multi-channel PWM signal to the inverter circuit and controls The operation of the inverter circuit, the output end of the inverter circuit is connected to the coil winding of the PM motor;
  • a plurality of motor microprocessors and an interface control microprocessor communicate with each other through a data bus DATABUS;
  • the interface controls the microprocessor to communicate with the outside world through the communication module
  • the interface control microprocessor is connected to one end of the plurality of motor interface modules, and the other end of the plurality of motor interface modules is connected to the control circuit board of the electrical equipment, and the control circuit board of the electrical equipment controls one independent through one motor interface module.
  • the motor drive module drives one PM motor.
  • the above PM motor is a 3-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor having 3-phase coil windings U, V, W.
  • the power module outputs at least two power supplies for the inverter circuit, and at least four independent power sources are output for the motor microprocessor and the interface control microprocessor.
  • the PM motor described above is a 4-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor with 3-phase coil windings U, V, W.
  • the power module outputs 4 independent power supplies for 4 motor microprocessors, respectively 3.3VA, 3.3VB, 3.3VC, 3.3VD, power module output 1 independent power supply for the interface control microprocessor power supply, that is 5V DC power supply, power module output two-way power supply 5VA and 15VB for inverter circuit use.
  • the power module includes an inrush current suppression circuit, a first-order EMI circuit, a second-level EMI circuit, a rectification and voltage doubler circuit, and a DC-DC conversion circuit.
  • the input end of the inrush current suppression circuit is connected to an AC input, and the inrush current suppression circuit is
  • the first-stage EMI circuit, the second-level EMI circuit, the rectification and voltage-doubler circuit and the DC-DC conversion circuit are sequentially connected, the output terminal of the rectification and voltage doubler circuit outputs the DC bus voltage VDC, and the output end of the DC-DC conversion circuit is multi-channel output.
  • the isolated independent power supply is independently powered by the inverter circuit, the interface control microprocessor and the motor microprocessor.
  • the above communication module is a serial communication module, and the external electrical equipment can communicate with the interface control microprocessor and each motor microprocessor by using a serial communication module, and the plurality of motor interface modules are realized by using an electrically insulated photocoupler.
  • the plurality of independent motor drive modules, power modules, interface control microprocessors, communication modules, and plurality of motor interface modules are integrated on one circuit board.
  • the plurality of motor interface modules are integrated into one centralized interface unit, the centralized interface unit has multiple I/O ports connected to the outside, the centralized interface unit connection interface controls the microprocessor, and multiple motor microprocessors and interfaces Controlling the microprocessor to communicate with each other through the data bus DATABUS;
  • the input control signals of all motor drive modules enter from the I/O port of the centralized interface unit and pass through the centralized interface unit, the interface control microprocessor sends the motor microprocessor; the feedback output signals of all motor drive modules They are first sent to the interface control microprocessor by the motor microprocessor and sent to the slave centralized interface unit, which is then output by the centralized interface unit multiple I/O ports.
  • the input signal in the multi-channel I/O port of the above-mentioned centralized interface unit is a PWM signal, or a high-voltage or low-voltage gear signal, or a digital communication signal.
  • the input signal in the multi-channel I/O port of the above centralized interface unit includes several PWM signals and a plurality of high-voltage or low-voltage gear signals.
  • the input signal in the multi-channel I/O port of the above-mentioned centralized interface unit includes several PWM signals and several digital communication signals.
  • the multi-motor drive centralized control system described above comprises four independent motor drive modules, 17 I/O ports of the centralized interface unit, of which 14 signal input ports (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9, M10, M11, M12, M13, M14), part of the 14 signal input ports input PWM signal, and the other part inputs high voltage/low voltage gear signal or digital communication signal; has at least 2 signal outputs Port (M15, M16), the signal output port outputs PWM signal; has 1 serial communication port (R/T), 1 power input port (V) and 1 common port (GND).
  • the utility model adopts an independent motor microprocessor for each motor drive module, all interfaces are uniformly processed by the interface control microprocessor, and a plurality of motor microprocessors and interface control microprocessors communicate with each other through the data bus DATABUS.
  • the circuit structure is reasonable, the layout is compact, the integration degree is high, the manufacturing cost is low, and the calculation speed is fast;
  • Each motor drive module uses a separate motor microprocessor, and the power module outputs 4 independent power supplies to power the 4 motor microprocessors, and the system works stably and reliably;
  • the interface control microprocessor is connected to one end of a plurality of motor interface modules, and the power module outputs an independent power supply for the interface to control the microprocessor power supply, the system works stably and reliably, and the operation speed is high;
  • the input control signals of all motor drive modules are entered from the I/O port of the centralized interface unit and passed through the centralized interface unit and the interface control microprocessor to the motor microprocessor;
  • the feedback output signal of the motor drive module is sent to the interface control microprocessor for processing to the slave centralized interface unit, and then output by the centralized interface unit multiple I/o ports.
  • the centralized interface unit The input signal type of the I/O port can be controlled by the interface control microprocessor according to the actual situation, which is flexible and convenient.
  • the interface controls the microprocessor to uniformly manage and uniformly configure the interface resources. The use is flexible and convenient, and the adaptability is strong, and the interface is not avoided. Matching the cost waste caused by redevelopment;
  • the interface control microprocessor is also connected with a serial communication module, and the external electrical equipment can communicate with the interface control microprocessor and each motor microprocessor by using the serial communication module, and can conveniently write programs or perform large-scale data exchange;
  • Multi-motor drive centralized control system includes 4 independent motor drive modules, 17 I/O ports of centralized interface unit, 14 signal input ports, 14 signal input port parts input PWM signal, part input high voltage / Low-voltage gear signal or digital communication signal; has at least 2 signal output ports, signal output port outputs PWM signal; has 1 serial communication port, 1 power input port and 1 common port, reasonable configuration, simple structure Convenience.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 2a and 2b are circuit diagrams corresponding to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram of a power module in the first embodiment
  • 4a, 4b, and 4c are specific circuit diagrams corresponding to FIG. 3;
  • Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of the interface module of the motor 1 in the embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of the interface module of the motor 2 in the embodiment.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic block diagram of the second embodiment
  • 8a and 8b are circuit diagrams corresponding to Fig. 7.
  • Embodiment 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 a and FIG. 2 b , the embodiment is a multi-motor drive centralized control system, comprising a plurality of independent motor drive modules, power modules, interface control microprocessors, and communications.
  • each motor drive module includes a motor microprocessor, an inverter circuit and a phase current detection circuit
  • the phase current detecting circuit transmits the detected data to the motor microprocessor
  • the motor microprocessor outputs the multi-channel PWM signal to the inverter circuit and controls the operation of the inverter circuit, and the output end of the inverter circuit is connected with the coil winding of the PM motor.
  • Multiple motor microprocessors and interface control microprocessors communicate with each other through the data bus DATABUS; the interface controls the microprocessor to communicate with the outside world through the communication module; the interface control microprocessor is connected to one end of the plurality of motor interface modules, The other end of the motor interface module is connected to the control circuit board of the electrical equipment, and the control circuit board of the electrical equipment controls one independent motor drive module to drive one PM motor through one motor interface module.
  • a plurality of independent motor drive modules, power modules, interface control microprocessors, communication modules and a plurality of motor interface modules are integrated on one circuit board, and the control circuit board of the electrical equipment refers to an air conditioner main control circuit board.
  • the PM motor is a 3-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor with 3-phase coil windings U, V, W.
  • the power module outputs at least two power supplies for the inverter circuit. At the same time, at least four independent power supplies are output to power the motor microprocessor and the interface control microprocessor.
  • the PM motor is a 4-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor having 3-phase coil windings U, V, W.
  • the inverter circuit is realized by an integrated intelligent power module IPM.
  • the communication module is a serial communication module.
  • the external electrical equipment can communicate with the interface control microprocessor and each motor microprocessor by using a serial communication module, and the plurality of motor interface modules are It is realized by an electrically insulated photocoupler.
  • a plurality of independent motor drive modules include four motor drive modules, namely, a motor drive module A, a motor drive module B, a motor drive module C, a motor drive module D, a motor drive module A, Motor drive module B, motor drive module C, and motor drive module D respectively drive four PM motors, namely motor 1, motor 2, motor 3 and motor 4, and multiple motor interface modules include motor 1 interface module, motor 2 interface module, Motor 3 interface module and motor 4 interface module, motor 1 interface module, motor 2 interface module, motor 3 interface module and motor 4 interface module and interface control microprocessor MCU connection communication, interface control microprocessor MCU and 4 motor micro Processor through data bus DATABUS Communicate with each other.
  • the power module includes a surge current suppression circuit, a first-order EMI circuit, a second-level EMI circuit, a rectification and voltage doubler circuit, and a DC-DC conversion circuit, and the surge current suppression is performed.
  • the input end of the circuit is connected to the AC input, the inrush current suppression circuit, the first-order EMI circuit, the second-level EMI circuit, the rectification and voltage doubler circuit and the DC-DC conversion circuit are sequentially connected, and the output terminal of the rectification and voltage doubler circuit outputs the DC bus.
  • the output of the voltage VDC, DC-DC converter circuit outputs multiple independent power supplies for the inverter circuit, the interface control microprocessor and the motor microprocessor.
  • the surge current suppression circuit comprises a varistor V1, a varistor V2, a varistor V3 and a gas discharge tube TB;
  • the first stage EMI circuit comprises a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and an inductor.
  • the secondary EMI circuit includes a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, and an inductor L2;
  • the rectifying and voltage doubling circuit includes a resistor R7, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9, and a capacitor C10. , capacitor C11, capacitor C12, capacitor C13, capacitor C14, capacitor C15, capacitor C16, capacitor C17, rectifier DB and connector JK;
  • Figure 4b is a part of the DC-DC conversion circuit, including a transformer transformer U21 and peripheral device resistor R8, resistor R9, resistor R10, capacitor C19, capacitor C20, capacitor C22, capacitor C23, diode D1, diode D2 and inductor L3, the transformer chip U21 outputs 15VA power supply; in addition, it also includes the secondary transformer chip U201, U202, U203 and peripheral devices, and the secondary transformer chip U201, U202, U203 respectively output 5V, 3.3VA, 3.3VB power supply FIG.
  • 4C is another part of the DC-DC conversion circuit, including a primary transformer chip U22 and a peripheral device resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a capacitor C21, a capacitor C30, a capacitor C31, a capacitor C32, a diode D3, a diode D4, and
  • the inductor L4 the transformer chip U22 outputs a power supply of 15VB; in addition, it also includes a secondary transformer chip U204, U205 and peripheral devices, and the secondary transformer chips U204 and U205 respectively output a power supply of 3.3VC and 3.3VD.
  • the four power supplies of 3.3VA, 3.3VB, 3.3VC, and 3.3VD are independently powered by four motor microprocessors to ensure stable and reliable operation of the motor microprocessor.
  • the 5V power supply outputs power to the interface control microprocessor MCU; the 15VA and 15VB power supplies drive four integrated intelligent power module IPMs.
  • the motor 1 interface module including the 5-way gear signal input M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 and 1 PWM signal input, converted into digital signal Io1-1, Io2-1, Io3-1, Io4-1, Io5-1, PWM1 input to the interface control microprocessor MCU through 6 electrically insulated photoelectric couplers .
  • the motor 3 interface module is basically the same as the interface module of the motor 1;
  • the motor 2 interface module includes 4 inputs, power input V (24VPS), ground G, PWM input and FG signal input, which are converted into digital signals PG1 and PWM2 through 2 electrically insulated photoelectric couplers.
  • the interface controls the microprocessor MCU.
  • the motor 4 interface module is basically the same as the motor 2 interface module.
  • Embodiment 2 As shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 8a and FIG. 8b, the embodiment is a multi-motor drive centralized control system, comprising an interface control microprocessor and a centralized interface unit, wherein: the multi-motor drive concentration
  • the control system includes a plurality of independent motor drive modules and power modules, and the power module supplies power to each motor drive module.
  • Each independent motor drive module can drive one permanent magnet synchronous motor, and each motor drive module includes a motor microprocessor.
  • the inverter circuit and the phase current detecting circuit, the phase current detecting circuit transmits the detected data to the motor microprocessor, and the motor microprocessor outputs the multi-channel PWM signal to the inverter circuit and controls the operation of the inverter circuit, and the output of the inverter circuit
  • the end is connected to the coil winding of the PM motor; wherein the centralized interface unit is composed of a plurality of motor interface modules.
  • the centralized interface unit has multiple I/O ports connected to the outside world, the centralized interface unit connection interface controls the microprocessor, and multiple motor microprocessors and interface control microprocessors communicate with each other through the data bus DATABUS; all motor drives
  • the input control signals of the module enter from the I/O port of the centralized interface unit and pass through the centralized interface unit and the interface control microprocessor to send the motor microprocessor; the feedback output signals of all the motor drive modules are first
  • the motor microprocessor is sent to the interface control microprocessor for processing and then sent to the slave centralized interface unit, and then output by the centralized interface unit multi-channel I/o port.
  • the centralized interface unit described above includes a multi-channel optoelectronic coupling isolation circuit.
  • the interface control microprocessor is further connected with a serial communication module, and the external electrical device can communicate with each other by using a serial communication module and an interface control microprocessor and each motor microprocessor.
  • the centralized interface unit has at least ten multi-channel I/O ports.
  • the input signal in the multi-channel I/O port of the centralized interface unit described above is a PWM signal, or a high-voltage or low-voltage gear signal, or a digital communication signal.
  • the input signal in the multi-channel I/O port of the centralized interface unit includes a plurality of PWM signals and a plurality of high-voltage or low-voltage gear signals.
  • the input signal in the multi-channel I/O port of the above-mentioned centralized interface unit includes several PWM signals and several digital communication signals.
  • the multi-motor drive centralized control system is provided with four independent motor drive modules, namely motor drive module A, motor drive module B, motor drive module C, motor drive module D; motor drive module A, motor drive module B, motor drive module C, motor drive module D drive motor 1, motor 2, motor 3, motor 4; motor 1, motor 2, motor 3, motor 4 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor (referred to as PM motor) ).
  • the motor drive module A, the motor drive module B, the motor drive module C, and the motor drive module D have the same structural formula.
  • Each motor drive module includes a motor microprocessor, an inverter circuit, and a phase current detection circuit, and the phase current detection circuit detects The data is transmitted to the motor micro-processor.
  • the motor microprocessor outputs multiple PWM signals to the inverter circuit and controls the operation of the inverter circuit.
  • the output of the inverter circuit is connected to the coil winding of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
  • the multi-motor drive centralized control system includes four independent motor drive modules, and 17 I/O ports of the centralized interface unit, respectively, a motor 1 interface module, a motor 2 interface module, and a motor 3 Interface module, motor 4 interface module, wherein the structure of the motor 1 interface module is the same as that of the motor 3 interface module; wherein the structure of the motor 2 interface module is the same as that of the motor 4 interface module; the motor 1 interface module has 6 channels I/o Ports, respectively M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, wherein the input signal type of port M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 is a high-voltage or low-voltage gear signal, or a digital communication signal, the input of port M6
  • the signal type is PWM signal;
  • the motor 2 interface module has 2 I/O ports, respectively M7 and FG1, the input signal type of port M7 is high voltage or low voltage gear signal or digital communication signal;
  • port FG1 defines various types Feedback signal output, such as speed feedback signal, power feedback signal, status feedback signal
  • the motor 1 interface module has 6 I/O ports, which are respectively M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, and M6, which are processed by the 6-channel photoelectric coupling isolation circuit and then input to the interface control microprocessor MCU.
  • the 6-channel photoelectric composite isolation circuit adopts photoelectric coupling chip U601, U602, U603, U604, U605, U606, respectively.
  • the motor 2 interface module has two I/O ports, which are M7 and FG respectively, which are respectively processed by the two-way photoelectric coupling isolation circuit and input to the interface control microprocessor MCU, and two-way photoelectric composite isolation.
  • the circuits are respectively coupled with photoelectric coupling chips U607 and U608.

Abstract

一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，包括多个独立的电机驱动模块、电源模块、接口控制微处理器、通信模块和多个电机接口模块，电源模块为各部分电路供电，每块独立的电机驱动模块驱动１台ＰＭ电机，每个电机驱动模块包括电机微处理器、逆变电路和相电流检测电路；多个电机微处理器与接口控制微处理器通过数据总线ＤＡＴＡＢＵＳ进行相互通信；接口控制微处理器通过通信模块与外界进行通信；接口控制微处理器与多个电机接口模块的一端连接，多个电机接口模块的另一端与电器设备的控制线路板连接通信，电器设备的控制线路板通过１个电机接口模块控制１个独立的电机驱动模块驱动１台ＰＭ电机，其电路结构更加合理，制造成本更低，系统工作更加稳定。

Description

一种多电机驱动集中控制系统 技术领域：
本实用新型涉及一种多电机驱动集中控制系统。
背景技术：
目前，在家用空调的采用多电机驱动集中控制系统，集成度高，可以大幅降低成本。但目前的多电机驱动集中控制系统还不完善，主要存在如下问题：1)电路结构不合理，制造成本高；2)由于存在多个微处理器，电源供应要求比较稳定，但目前采用一个输出供应多个微处理器工作，因电压不稳定影响微处理器工作，导致系统不稳定。
发明内容：
本实用新型的目的是提供一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，电路结构更加合理，制造成本更低，系统工作更加稳定。
本实用新型的目的是通过下述技术方案予以实现的。
一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，包括多个独立的电机驱动模块、电源模块、接口控制微处理器、通信模块和多个电机接口模块，电源模块为各部分电路供电，每块独立的电机驱动模块驱动1台PM电机，其中：
每个电机驱动模块包括电机微处理器、逆变电路和相电流检测电路，相电流检测电路将检测的数据传送到电机微处理器，电机微处理器输出多路PWM信号到逆变电路并控制逆变电路的工作，逆变电路的输出端与PM电机的线圈绕组连接；
多个电机微处理器与接口控制微处理器通过数据总线DATABUS进行相互通信；
接口控制微处理器通过通信模块与外界进行通信；
接口控制微处理器与多个电机接口模块的一端连接，多个电机接口模块的另一端与电器设备的控制线路板连接通信，电器设备的控制线路板通过1个电机接口模块控制1个独立的电机驱动模块驱动1台PM电机。
上述多个独立的电机驱动模块至少是3个。
上述PM电机是3相永磁同步电机，具有3相线圈绕组U、V、W。
上述电源模块输出至少输出两路的电源供逆变电路使用，同时至少输出4个独立的电源为电机微处理器和接口控制微处理器供电。
上述所述的PM电机是4相永磁同步电机，具有3相线圈绕组U、V、W，电源模块输出4个独立的电源为4个电机微处理器供电，分别为3.3VA、3.3VB、3.3VC、3.3VD，电源模块输出1个独立的电源为接口控制微处理器供电，即5V直流电源，电源模块输出两路的电源5VA和15VB供逆变电路使用。
上述电源模块包括浪涌电流抑制电路、一级EMI电路、二级EMI电路、整流及倍压电路和DC-DC变换电路，浪涌电流抑制电路的输入端连接交流输入，浪涌电流抑制电路、一级EMI电路、二级EMI电路、整流及倍压电路和DC-DC变换电路依次连接起来，整流及倍压电路的输出端输出直流母线电压VDC，DC-DC变换电路的输出端输出多路隔离的独立电源为逆变电路、接口控制微处理器和电机微处理器分别独立供电。
上述通信模块是串行通信模块，外部电器设备可以利用串行通信模块与接口控制微处理器、各个电机微处理器相互通信，多个电机接口模块是采用电绝缘光电耦合器来实现。
上述多个独立的电机驱动模块、电源模块、接口控制微处理器、通信模块和多个电机接口模块集成布局在1块线路板上。
上述多个电机接口模块集成为1个集中式接口单元，集中式接口单元具有与外界连接的多路I/o端口，集中式接口单元连接接口控制微处理器，多个电机微处理器与接口控制微处理器通过数据总线DATABUS进行相互通信；
所有电机驱动模块的输入控制信号都从集中式接口单元的I/o端口进入并经过集中式接口单元、接口控制微处理器处理后送到的电机微处理器；所有电机驱动模块的反馈输出信号都先由电机微处理器送到接口控制微处理器处理后送到从集中式接口单元，由集中式接口单元多路I/o端口再输出。
上述集中式接口单元的多路I/o端口中的输入信号是PWM信号、或者高压或低压的档位信号、或者是数字通信信号。
上述集中式接口单元的多路I/o端口中的输入信号包括若干路PWM信号和若干路高压或低压的档位信号。
上述集中式接口单元的多路I/o端口中的输入信号包括若干路PWM信号和若干路数字通信信号。
上述所述的多电机驱动集中控制系统包括4个独立的电机驱动模块，集中式接口单元的17路I/o端口，其中14个信号输入端口(M1、M2、M3、M4、M5、M6、M7、M8、M9、M10、M11、M12、M13、M14)，14个信号输入端口的一部分输入PWM信号，另一部分输入高压/低压的档位信号或者数字通信信号；具有至少2路的信号输出端口(M15、M16)，信号输出端口输出PWM信号；具有1路串行通信端口(R/T)，1路电源输入端口(V)和1个公共端口(GND)。
本实用新型与现有技术相比，具有如下效果：
1)本实用新型采用每个电机驱动模块使用一块独立电机微处理器，所有接口由接口控制微处理器统一处理，多个电机微处理器与接口控制微处理器通过数据总线DATABUS进行相互通信，电路结构合理，布局紧凑，集成度高，制造成本低，运算速度快；
2)每个电机驱动模块使用一块独立电机微处理器，并且电源模块输出4个独立的电源为4个电机微处理器供电，系统工作稳定可靠；
3)接口控制微处理器与多个电机接口模块的一端连接通信，电源模块输出1个独立的电源为接口控制微处理器供电，系统工作稳定可靠，运算速度高；
4)多个独立的电机驱动模块、电源模块、接口控制微处理器、通信模块和多个电机接口模块集成布局在一块线路板上，有利于进一步降低成本，提高可靠性；
5)所有电机驱动模块的输入控制信号都从集中式接口单元的I/o端口进入并经过集中式接口单元、接口控制微处理器处理后送到的电机微处理器；所有 电机驱动模块的反馈输出信号都由电机微处理器先送到接口控制微处理器处理后送到从集中式接口单元，由集中式接口单元多路I/o端口再输出，各集中式接口单元的I/o端口的输入信号类型可以由接口控制微处理器根据实际情况自行定义，灵活方便，接口控制微处理器统一管理、统一配置接口资源，使用灵活方便，适应性强，避免因接口不匹配再次开发造成的成本浪费；
6)接口控制微处理器还连接有串行通信模块，外部电器设备可以利用串行通信模块与接口控制微处理器、各个电机微处理器相互通信，可以方便编写程序或者进行大规模数据交换；
7)多电机驱动集中控制系统包括4个独立的电机驱动模块，集中式接口单元的17路I/o端口，其中14个信号输入端口，14个信号输入端口部分输入PWM信号，部分输入高压/低压的档位信号或者数字通信信号；具有至少2路的信号输出端口，信号输出端口输出PWM信号；具有1路串行通信端口，1路电源输入端口和1个公共端口，配置合理，结构简单方便。
附图说明：
图1是实施例一的原理方框图；
图2a、图2b是图1对应的电路图；
图3是实施例一中电源模块的电路方框图；
图4a、图4b、图4c是图3对应的具体电路图；
图5是实施例中电机1接口模块的电路图；
图6是实施例中电机2接口模块的电路图；
图7是实施例二的原理方框图；
图8a、图8b是图7对应的电路图。
具体实施方式：
下面通过具体实施例并结合附图对本实用新型作进一步详细的描述。
实施例一：如图1、图2a、图2b所示，本实施例是一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，包括多个独立的电机驱动模块、电源模块、接口控制微处理器、通信 模块和多个电机接口模块，电源模块为各部分电路供电，每块独立的电机驱动模块驱动1台PM电机，其中：每个电机驱动模块包括电机微处理器、逆变电路和相电流检测电路，相电流检测电路将检测的数据传送到电机微处理器，电机微处理器输出多路PWM信号到逆变电路并控制逆变电路的工作，逆变电路的输出端与PM电机的线圈绕组连接；多个电机微处理器与接口控制微处理器通过数据总线DATABUS进行相互通信；接口控制微处理器通过通信模块与外界进行通信；接口控制微处理器与多个电机接口模块的一端连接，多个电机接口模块的另一端与电器设备的控制线路板连接通信，电器设备的控制线路板通过1个电机接口模块控制1个独立的电机驱动模块驱动1台PM电机。
多个独立的电机驱动模块、电源模块、接口控制微处理器、通信模块和多个电机接口模块集成布局在一块线路板上，所述的电器设备的控制线路板是指空调主控制线路板。
多个独立的电机驱动模块至少是3个，所述的PM电机是3相永磁同步电机，具有3相线圈绕组U、V、W，电源模块输出至少输出两路的电源供逆变电路使用，同时至少输出4个独立的电源为电机微处理器和接口控制微处理器供电。
或者所述的PM电机是4相永磁同步电机，具有3相线圈绕组U、V、W。
逆变电路采用集成智能功率模块IPM来实现，通信模块是串行通信模块，外部电器设备可以利用串行通信模块与接口控制微处理器、各个电机微处理器相互通信，多个电机接口模块是采用电绝缘光电耦合器来实现。
如图2a、图2b中所示，多个独立的电机驱动模块包括4个电机驱动模块，即电机驱动模块A、电机驱动模块B、电机驱动模块C、电机驱动模块D，电机驱动模块A、电机驱动模块B、电机驱动模块C、电机驱动模块D分别驱动4台PM电机，即电机1、电机2、电机3和电机4，多个电机接口模块包括电机1接口模块、电机2接口模块、电机3接口模块和电机4接口模块，电机1接口模块、电机2接口模块、电机3接口模块和电机4接口模块与接口控制微处理器MCU连接通讯，接口控制微处理器MCU与4个电机微处理器通过数据总线DATABUS 进行相互通信。
如图3、图4a、图4b、图4c所示，电源模块包括浪涌电流抑制电路、一级EMI电路、二级EMI电路、整流及倍压电路和DC-DC变换电路，浪涌电流抑制电路的输入端连接交流输入，浪涌电流抑制电路、一级EMI电路、二级EMI电路、整流及倍压电路和DC-DC变换电路依次连接起来，整流及倍压电路的输出端输出直流母线电压VDC，DC-DC变换电路的输出端输出多路隔离的独立电源为逆变电路、接口控制微处理器和电机微处理器分别独立供电。浪涌电流抑制电路包括压敏电阻V1、压敏电阻V2、压敏电阻V3和气体放电管TB；一级EMI电路包括电容C1、电容C2、电容C3、电阻R1、电阻R2、电阻R3和电感器L1；二级EMI电路包括电容C4、电容C5、电容C6、电阻R4、电阻R5、电阻R6和电感器L2；整流及倍压电路包括电阻R7、电容C7、电容C8、电容C9、电容C10、电容C11、电容C12、电容C13、电容C14、电容C15、电容C16、电容C17、整流器DB和接插件JK；
图4b是一部分的DC-DC变换电路，包括一级变压芯片U21及外围器件电阻R8、电阻R9、电阻R10、电容C19、电容C20、电容C22、电容C23、二极管D1、二极管D2及电感器L3，变压芯片U21输出15VA的电源；另外它还包括二级变压芯片U201、U202、U203及外围器件，二级变压芯片U201、U202、U203分别输出5V、3.3VA、3.3VB的电源；图4C是另部分的DC-DC变换电路，包括一级变压芯片U22及外围器件电阻R11、电阻R12、电阻R13、电容C21、电容C30、电容C31、电容C32、二极管D3、二极管D4及电感器L4，变压芯片U22输出15VB的电源；另外它还包括二级变压芯片U204、U205及外围器件，二级变压芯片U204、U205分别输出3.3VC、3.3VD的电源。其中3.3VA、3.3VB、3.3VC、3.3VD的四个电源分别向4个电机微处理器独立供电，保证电机微处理器工作稳定可靠。5V电源输出向接口控制微处理器MCU供电；15VA和15VB的电源分别驱动4块集成智能功率模块IPM。
如图5所示，电机1接口模块，包括5路挡位信号输入M1、M2、M3、M4、 M5和1路PWM信号输入，经过6路电绝缘光电藕合器转换成数字信号Io1-1、Io2-1、Io3-1、Io4-1、Io5-1、PWM1输入到接口控制微处理器MCU。电机3接口模块与电机1的接口模块基本相同；
如图6所示，电机2接口模块包括4路输入，电源输入V(24VPS)、接地G、PWM输入和FG信号输入，经过2路电绝缘光电藕合器转换成数字信号PG1、PWM2输入到接口控制微处理器MCU。电机4接口模块与电机2接口模块基本相同。
实施例二：如图7、图8a、图8b所示，本实施例是一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，包括接口控制微处理器和集中式接口单元，其中：所述的多电机驱动集中控制系统包括多个独立的电机驱动模块、电源模块，电源模块为各电机驱动模块供电，每个独立的电机驱动模块可驱动1台永磁同步电机，每个电机驱动模块包括电机微处理器、逆变电路和相电流检测电路，相电流检测电路将检测的数据传送到电机微处理器，电机微处理器输出多路PWM信号到逆变电路并控制逆变电路的工作，逆变电路的输出端与PM电机的线圈绕组连接；其中集中式接口单元由多个电机接口模块组成。
集中式接口单元具有与外界连接的多路I/o端口，集中式接口单元连接接口控制微处理器，多个电机微处理器与接口控制微处理器通过数据总线DATABUS进行相互通信；所有电机驱动模块的输入控制信号都从集中式接口单元的I/o端口进入并经过集中式接口单元、接口控制微处理器处理后送到的电机微处理器；所有电机驱动模块的反馈输出信号都先由电机微处理器送到接口控制微处理器处理后送到从集中式接口单元，由集中式接口单元多路I/o端口再输出。
上述所述集中式接口单元包括多路光电藕合隔离电路。
上述所述接口控制微处理器还连接有串行通信模块，外部电器设备可以利用串行通信模块与接口控制微处理器、各个电机微处理器相互通信。
上述所述集中式接口单元的多路I/o端口至少有10个。
上述所述集中式接口单元的多路I/o端口中的输入信号是PWM信号、或者高压或低压的档位信号、或者是数字通信信号。
上述所述集中式接口单元的多路I/o端口中的输入信号包括若干路PWM信号和若干路高压或低压的档位信号。
上述集中式接口单元的多路I/o端口中的输入信号包括若干路PWM信号和若干路数字通信信号。
如图8a、图8b中所示，多电机驱动集中控制系统设置4个独立的电机驱动模块，分别为电机驱动模块A、电机驱动模块B、电机驱动模块C、电机驱动模块D；电机驱动模块A、电机驱动模块B、电机驱动模块C、电机驱动模块D分别驱动电机1、电机2、电机3、电机4；电机1、电机2、电机3、电机4是永磁同步电机(简称PM电机)。电机驱动模块A、电机驱动模块B、电机驱动模块C、电机驱动模块D的结构式一样的，每个电机驱动模块包括电机微处理器、逆变电路和相电流检测电路，相电流检测电路将检测的数据传送到电机微处器，电机微处理器输出多路PWM信号到逆变电路并控制逆变电路的工作，逆变电路的输出端与永磁同步电机的线圈绕组连接。
如图2b所示，所述的多电机驱动集中控制系统包括4个独立的电机驱动模块，集中式接口单元的17路I/o端口，分别为电机1接口模块、电机2接口模块、电机3接口模块、电机4接口模块，其中电机1接口模块的结构与电机3接口模块的结构相同；其中电机2接口模块的结构与电机4接口模块的结构相同；电机1接口模块具有6路I/o端口，分别为M1、M2、M3、M4、M5、M6，其中端口M1、M2、M3、M4、M5的输入信号类型为高压或低压的档位信号、或者是数字通信信号，端口M6的输入信号类型为PWM信号；电机2接口模块具有2路I/o端口，分别为M7和FG1，端口M7的输入信号类型为高压或低压的档位信号或者是数字通信信号；端口FG1定义各种类型反馈信号输出，如转速反馈信号，功率反馈信号，状态反馈信号，一般式PWM信号；电机1接口模块具有6路I/o端口，分别为M8、M9、M10、M11、M12、M13，其中端口M8、M9、M10、M11、M12的输入信号类型为高压或低压的档位信号、或者是数字通信信号，端口M13的输入信号类型为PWM信号；电机4接口模块具有2路I/o端口，分别 为M14和FG2，端口M14的输入信号类型为高压或低压的档位信号或者是数字通信信号，端口FG2定义各种类型反馈信号输出，如转速反馈信号，功率反馈信号，状态反馈信号，一般式PWM信号；另外还具有1路串行通信端口(R/T)，1路电源输入端口(V)和1个公共端口(GND)。
如图5所示，电机1接口模块具有6路I/o端口，分别为M1、M2、M3、M4、M5、M6分别通过6路光电藕合隔离电路处理后输入到接口控制微处理器MCU，6路光电藕合隔离电路分别采用光电耦合藕合芯片U601、U602、U603、U604、U605、U606。
如图6所示，电机2接口模块具有2路I/o端口，分别为M7和FG，分别通过2路光电藕合隔离电路处理后输入到接口控制微处理器MCU，2路光电藕合隔离电路分别采用光电耦合藕合芯片U607、U608。
以上实施例为本发明的较佳实施方式，但本发明的实施方式不限于此，其他任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，包括多个独立的电机驱动模块、电源模块、接口控制微处理器、通信模块和多个电机接口模块，电源模块为各部分电路供电，每块独立的电机驱动模块驱动1台PM电机，其中：
    每个电机驱动模块包括电机微处理器、逆变电路和相电流检测电路，相电流检测电路将检测的数据传送到电机微处理器，电机微处理器输出多路PWM信号到逆变电路并控制逆变电路的工作，逆变电路的输出端与PM电机的线圈绕组连接；其特征在于：
    多个电机微处理器与接口控制微处理器通过数据总线DATABUS进行相互通信；
    接口控制微处理器通过通信模块与外界进行通信；
    接口控制微处理器与多个电机接口模块的一端连接，多个电机接口模块的另一端与电器设备的控制线路板连接通信，电器设备的控制线路板通过1个电机接口模块控制1个独立的电机驱动模块驱动1台PM电机。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，其特征在于：多个独立的电机驱动模块至少是3个。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，其特征在于：所述的PM电机是3相永磁同步电机，具有3相线圈绕组U、V、W。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，其特征在于：电源模块输出至少输出两路的电源供逆变电路使用，同时至少输出4个独立的电源为电机微处理器和接口控制微处理器供电。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，其特征在于：所述的PM电机是4相永磁同步电机，具有3相线圈绕组U、V、W，电源模块输出4个独立的电源为4个电机微处理器供电，分别为3.3VA、3.3VB、3.3VC、3.3VD，电源模块输出1个独立的电源为接口控制微处理器供电，即5V直流电源，电源模块输出两路的电源5VA和15VB供逆变电路使用。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，其特征在于：电源模块包括浪涌电流抑制电路、一级EMI电路、二级EMI电路、整流及倍压电路和DC-DC变换电路，浪涌电流抑制电路的输入端连接交流输入，浪涌电流抑制电路、一级EMI电路、二级EMI电路、整流及倍压电路和DC-DC变换电路依次连接起来，整流及倍压电路的输出端输出直流母线电压VDC，DC-DC变换电路的输出端输出多路隔离的独立电源为逆变电路、接口控制微处理器和电机微处理器分别独立供电。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，其特征在于：通信模块是串行通信模块，外部电器设备可以利用串行通信模块与接口控制微处理器、各个电机微处理器相互通信，多个电机接口模块是采用电绝缘光电耦合器来实现。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，其特征在于：多个独立的电机驱动模块、电源模块、接口控制微处理器、通信模块和多个电机接口模块集成布局在1块线路板上。
  9. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，其特征在于：多个电机接口模块集成为1个集中式接口单元，集中式接口单元具有与外界连接的多路I/o端口，集中式接口单元连接接口控制微处理器，多个电机微处理器与接口控制微处理器通过数据总线DATABUS进行相互通信；
    所有电机驱动模块的输入控制信号都从集中式接口单元的I/o端口进入并经过集中式接口单元、接口控制微处理器处理后送到的电机微处理器；所有电机驱动模块的反馈输出信号都先由电机微处理器送到接口控制微处理器处理后送到从集中式接口单元，由集中式接口单元多路I/o端口再输出。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，其特征在于：集中式接口单元的多路I/o端口中的输入信号是PWM信号、或者高压或低压的档位信号、或者是数字通信信号。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，其特征在于： 集中式接口单元的多路I/o端口中的输入信号包括若干路PWM信号和若干路高压或低压的档位信号。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，其特征在于：集中式接口单元的多路I/o端口中的输入信号包括若干路PWM信号和若干路数字通信信号。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的一种多电机驱动集中控制系统，其特征在于：所述的多电机驱动集中控制系统包括4个独立的电机驱动模块，集中式接口单元的17路I/o端口，其中14个信号输入端口(M1、M2、M3、M4、M5、M6、M7、M8、M9、M10、M11、M12、M13、M14)，14个信号输入端口的一部分输入PWM信号，另一部分输入高压/低压的档位信号或者数字通信信号；具有至少2路的信号输出端口(M15、M16)，信号输出端口输出PWM信号；具有1路串行通信端口(R/T)，1路电源输入端口(V)和1个公共端口(GND)。
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