WO2016170477A1

WO2016170477A1 - Providing information regarding transport formats based on aclr and/or evm and related methods and communication nodes

Info

Publication number: WO2016170477A1
Application number: PCT/IB2016/052225
Authority: WO
Inventors: Sairamesh Nammi; Muhammad Kazmi; Imadur RAHMAN; Goutam RAMMAMURTHY
Original assignee: Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
Priority date: 2015-04-20
Filing date: 2016-04-19
Publication date: 2016-10-27

Abstract

A method may be provided to operate a first communication node supporting communication with a second communication node. The method may include obtaining at least one of an Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio, ACLR, and/or an Error Vector Magnitude, EVM, of a transmitter used for transmission to the second communication node. The method may also include initiating communication of information to the second communication node to support selection of a transport format at the second communication node based on at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM. Related communication nodes are also discussed.

Description

PROVIDING INFORMATION REGARDING TRANSPORT FORMATS BASED ON ACLR AND/OR EVM AND RELATED METHODS AND COMMUNICATION NODES

FIELD

The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more particularly, to communication of information regarding transport formats.

BACKGROUND

3 GPP (3^rd Generation Partnership Project) LTE (Long Term Evolution) represents the project within the third generation partnership project, with an aim to improve the UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) standard. The 3 GPP LTE radio interface offers relatively high peak data rates, relatively low delays, and relative increases in spectral efficiencies. The LTE ecosystem supports both Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD). This may enable operators to exploit both paired and unpaired spectrum since LTE has flexibility in bandwidth as it supports 6 bandwidths, 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz. 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz. and 20 MHz.

The LTE physical layer is designed to achieve higher data rates, and is facilitated by turbo coding/decoding, and higher order modulations (e.g., up to 256-QAM in the downlink DL). The modulation and coding is adaptive, and depends on channel conditions. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is used for the downlink (DL), while Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) is used for the uplink (UL). An advantage of such a scheme is that the channel response may be relatively flat over a sub- carrier even though the multi-path environment could be frequency selective over the entire bandwidth. This may reduce a complexity involved in equalization, as simple single tap frequency domain equalizers can be used at the receiver. OFDMA may allow LTE to achieve higher data rates, with reduced latency, with improved capacity/coverage, and/or with reduced costs to the operator. The LTE physical layer supports link adaptation, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (H-ARQ), power weighting of physical resources, uplink power control, and Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (Ml MO), in addition to other methods to enhance data rates.

Traditionally, 3GPP technologies are designed for deployment in licensed spectrum. However, driven by growing numbers of LTE subscribers worldwide, the operators are looking for new spectrum where LTE can operate. One such possibility is to operate LTE in unlicensed spectrum. With this in mind, 3 GPP introduced a new feature in Rel-13 timeframe to use unlicensed spectrum for LTE transmission which could either be aggregated with licensed spectrum, or could also be stand-alone unlicensed operation in the future. This is known as LTE-License Assisted Access (LTE-LAA) in 3 GPP Rel-13 timeframe. This may allow operators to benefit from the additional capacity available from the unlicensed spectrum in addition to the licensed spectrum, particularl in hotspots, enterprise and corporate environments. Thus, with LTE-LAA, the extra spectrum resource, especially on the 5 GHz frequency band, can complement licensed band LTE operation.

Figure 1 shows a typical message sequence chart for downlink data transfer between an eNodeB and a UE in LTE. From the pilot or reference signals RS received from the cNB at 101, the UE computes channel estimates and then computes parameters used for channel state information (CSI) reporting provided via an Uplink Control (or Feedback) Channel ULCh at 102. The CSI report at 102, for example, may include a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix index (PMI), rank information (RI), best sub band indices, etc.

The CSI report is sent to the eNodeB (eNB) via feedback channel ULCh, e.g., using either a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) for periodic CSI reporting or a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) for aperiodic CSI reporting. The eNodeB scheduler uses this information in choosing parameters to schedule this particular UE. The eNodeB sends the scheduling parameters to the UE at 103 using a downlink control channel , e.g., a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) or an ePDCCH. After this, the actual transfer of data traffic DT takes place from eNodeB to the UE at 104.

In LTE, the uplink control channel carries HARQ Acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) information corresponding to the downlink data transmission, and channel state information. The channel state information may typically include Rank Indicator (RI), Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), and Precoding Matrix Indicator/Index (PMI). Either PUCCH or PUSCH can be used to carry this information. Note that PUCCH reporting is periodic and the periodicity of the PUCCH is configured by higher layers, while PUSCH reporting is aperiodic. Also note that there may be various modes for PUCCH and PUSCH, and in general, it may depend on the transmission mode and the formats is configured via higher layer signaling.

In LTE, the downlink control channel (e.g., PDCCH) carries Downlink Control Information (DCI) about scheduling grants. The DCI may typically indicate a number of MIMO layers scheduled (also referred to as a MIMO rank), a transport block size/sizes, a modulation for each codeword, parameters related to HARQ, sub band locations, and also a PMI corresponding to the sub band locations.

Typically, the following information may be transmitted using the DCI format:

Localized/Distributed Virtual Resource Block (VRB) assignment flag; Resource block assignment;

Modulation and coding scheme;

• HARQ process number;

• New data indicator;

Redundancy version;

Transmit Power Control (TPC) command for PUCCH:

• Downlink Assignment Index;

• Precoding matrix index; and/or

Number of layers.

Note that all DCI formats may not use or transmit all the information as shown above. In general, the contents of PDCCH may depend on a transmission mode and a DCI format.

Figure 2 is a block diagram of an adaptive wireless communication system considered for LTE/LTE-LAA. Input bits from the upper layers are passed through baseband blocks 201 which may typically include a channel encoder block, interleaver and rate matching block, modulator block, layer mapper block, OFDM modulator block, etc. Once the baseband signal is generated by baseband blocks 201 , the baseband signal is passed through the Radio Frequency (RF) chain 203 before it is sent to the antenna ports 205. The RF chain 203 may typically include a Digital to Analog converter (DAC) block, an I/Q imbalance block, an oscillator block, and a Power amplifier (PA) block, and the RF chain may be implemented as an element of a transceiver. Note that baseband signal generation may depend on scheduler decisions 207 from upper layers (e.g. layer 2 such as Medium Access Control MAC layer). Scheduler decisions may also be influenced by contents of a feedback channel from the receiver (i.e., the UE). For example, the receiver UE may provide information regarding a type of modulation and code rate that may be suitable at any given instance (e.g., via a CSI report over the uplink control channel). For example, when the receiver UE is experiencing a good signal to noise ratio, the receiver may prefer a higher order modulation (e.g., 256-QAM or 64-QAM), and when the receiver UE is experiencing a lower signal to noise ratio, the receiver may prefer a lower order modulation (e.g., QPSK or 16-QAM).

Impact due to Power Amplifier Nonlinearity will be discussed with reference to the graphs of Figures 3 and 4. In general, power amplifiers in RF chain 203 may need to be operated in a non-linear region to achieve good efficiency. Figure 3 is a graph show a typical AM/ AM performance curve for a power amplifier. As shown, the input/output curve may be highly non-linear. When the Power Amplifier PA operates in the non-linear region, some of the signals may leak to other frequency bands (adjacent carrier bandwidths). Figure 4 shows spectral regrowth due to PA non-linearity and power spectral density for a realistic PA. It can be seen from Figure 4 that the power spectral density plot may be distorted, and there may be leakage of the desired signal to the adjacent channel bandwidths.

An adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACL ) may be used as a metric to measure leakage power at adjacent carriers due to non-linear PA performance. In Figure 4, the ACLR with an ideal PA is around -100 dBc, while with a realistic PA (with non-linearity), the ACLR is around -45 dBc for a Rel-8 base station, while it is 35dBc and 40dBc for an LTE base station operating in unlicensed spectrum for the first and second adjacent carrier respectively. In real implementations, the actual ACLR value can vary between different implementations in different operating scenarios.

One method to compensate for non-linearity of a power amplifier is to reshape the input signal to the PA such that the output signal from the PA is transformed to be close to what it would have been if the PA were linear. An example of such a method to mitigate power amplifier nonlinearity is the Digital Pre-distortion (DPD) Technique. In general, DPD may interchangeably be referred to as a signal linearization circuit or component or mechanism or scheme.

Figure 5 is a block diagram of a transmitter including DPD to illustrate a DPD technique to compensate for nonlinear effects of a PA. Let y_\ be the output signal from the PA of RF chain 305, let x_\ be the output signal from baseband blocks 301, and let z_\ be the input signal to the PA of RF chain 305. Note that, in this model, only the impact due to a nonlinear PA is considered, and in practical systems, the PA may be preceded by many other blocks, such as, digital to analog converter (DAC), local oscillator (LO), etc. The output signal can be expressed as:

where f_\{.) is a nonlinear function which characterizes the PA of RF chain 305. With DPD, the above equations can be written as: where g_\(.) is a function which characterizes DPD block 203. Note that the DPD extraction block is chosen such that:

where G_\ is the gain of the PA. It can be seen from above equation that if g_\ is properly chosen, then the output of the PA may be linear. Figure 6 is a graph showing power spectral density with realistic PA and DPD, and Figure 6 shows spectral regrowth with DPD. As shown, spectral regrowth may be reduced when DPD is applied. ACLR in this case may be around -100 dBc, i.e. the leakage power will be very low or negligible in adjacent carrier.

DPD techniques may require significant computational resources and/or power and may thus not be suitable or useful for low complexity implementations of transmitters in radio nodes, such as, in an LTE-LAA base station or an LTE base station in unlicensed spectrum or an LTE base station in higher spectrum ranges, such as above 6GHz spectrum (which may require mass or bulk deployment within a cell). Hence, for these purposes, it has been agreed to relax ACLR requirements of the current 3 GPP LTE standard as the LTE-LAA base stations (or LTE base stations in unlicensed spectrum) transmit with low power (say 30 dBm or 24 dBm). Note that current 3 GPP standards may set a minimum ACLR requirement of -45 dBc for Rel-8 base station for licensed spectrum, however for Rel-13 base stations (and onward releases), the ACLR is relaxed for unlicensed LTE base stations to 35 and 40dBc respectively for 1^st and 2^nd adjacent carrier respectively.

However, relaxing ACLR requirements may have side effects such as increased error vector magnitude (EVM). Figure 7 is a graph showing how ACLR and EVM may be related using a practical 5 GHz power amplifier. As shown, when the ACLR is increased, EVM may increase. More particularly, Figure 7 shows a dependence of ACLR and EVM for a 5GHZ power amplifier for LTE-LAA.

This may occur because relaxing the ACLR to an arbitrary low level (e.g., say to -30 dBc) may imply that the signal at the output of the transmitter is non-linear. This may increase the transmitter's EVM so that the transmitter may not meet minimum transmitter EVM requirements set by the 3 GPP TS 36.104, V12.7.0 2015-03, ("Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception"). Table 1 of Figure 15 (EVM requirement of the current 3GPP standard) shows minimum EVM requirements set by the 3 GPP for various modulation schemes for the LTE base station (i.e. BS transmitter).

It can be observed from figure 7 and Table 1 (of Figure 15) that if the ACLR is relaxed to say -30 dBc, the 256-QAM cannot be used by the base station because the BS transmitter's EVM requirement of 3.5% cannot be met in LTE-LAA using a 5GHz PA. In other words, the base station may not be able to schedule the UE with a transport format or modulation and coding scheme (MCS) involving 256-QAM.

In a MIMO system (typical in an LTE system), however, there may be cases when the UE reports the CQI with 256-QAM and, for example, a rank equal to one. Since the eNodeB cannot schedule the UE with 256-QAM, it may have to reduce the modulation format to a lower order. This in turn may reduce the data rate or throughput of the system and may make LTE-LAA unattractive for deployment.

SUMMARY

According to some embodiments of inventive concepts, a method may be provided to operate a first communication node supporting communication with a second communication node. The method may include obtaining at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and/or an error vector magnitude (EVM) of a transmitter used for transmission to the second communication node. Based on at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM, communication of information to the second communication node may be initiated to support selection of a transport format at the second communication node.

Obtaining the ACLR and/or EVM may include determining the ACLR for the transmitter and determining the EVM for the transmitter based on the ACLR, and initiating communication may include initiating communication based on the EVM and/or ACLR. For example, obtaining the ACLR may include measuring the ACLR of the transmitter, and/or measuring the EVM of the transmitter.

The information may include an identification of allowed and/or unsupported modulation formats based on the EVM of the transmitter.

A plurality of modulation formats may be defined for channel state information (CSI) feedback from the second communication device, and the information may define a subset of the plurality of modulation formats. For example, the information may include a bit map with one bit corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation formats.

A plurality of tables of modulation formats may be defined for channel state information (CSI) feedback from the second communication device, and the information may define one of the plurality of tables. For example, a first of the tables of modulation formats may include a modulation format that is omitted from a second of the tables of modulation formats.

The information may include information defining at least one of the ACLR or the EVM of the transmitter or both of the above mentioned parameters.

Initiating communication may include initiating communication of the information through physical layer signaling, through higher layer signaling, and/or through a downlink control channel. The first communication node may be a network node, and the second communication node may be a wireless device. For example, the network node may be a radio network node including the transmitter, and initiating communication may include transmitting the information through the transmitter to the wireless device. In an alternative, the first communication node may be a wireless device, and the second communication node may be a network node. The EVM may be a transmission EVM of the transmitter.

According to some embodiments of inventive concepts, a first communication node may include a transceiver configured to provide wireless communications with a second communication node, and a processor coupled with the transceiver. The processor may be configured to obtain at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and/or an error vector magnitude (EVM) of a transmitter of transceiver used to transmit to the second communication node. The processor may be further configured to initiate communication of information through the transceiver to the second communication node based on at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM to support selection of a transport format at the second communication node.

According to some embodiments of inventive concepts, a first communication node may support communication with a second communication node. The first communication node may be adapted to obtain at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and/or an error vector magnitude (EVM) of a transmitter of transceiver used to transmit to the second communication node. The first communication node may be further adapted to initiate communication of information through the transceiver to the second communication node based on at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM to support selection of a transport format at the second communication node.

According to some embodiments of inventive concepts, a first communication node may support communication with a second communication node. The first communication node may includes an obtaining module configured to obtain at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and/or an error vector magnitude (EVM) of a transmitter of transceiver used to transmit to the second communication node. The first communication node may further include an initiating module configured to initiate communication of information through the transceiver to the second communication node based on at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM to support selection of a transport format at the second communication node.

According to some embodiments of inventive concepts, a method may be provided to operate a first communication node supporting communication with a second communication node. The method may include receiving information from the second communication node regarding a transport format to be reported from the first communication node to the second communication node. The method may further include selecting a transport format to be reported to the second communication node based on the information regarding the transport format. In addition, the method may include transmitting an indication of the transport format to the second communication node responsive to selecting the transport format.

The information may include an identification of allowed and/or unsupported modulation formats.

A plurality of modulation formats may be defined for channel state information (CSI) feedback from the first communication node to the second communication node, and the information may define a subset of the plurality of modulation formats. For example, the information include a bit map with one bit corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation formats.

A plurality of tables of modulation formats may be defined for channel state information (CSI) feedback from the first communication node to the second communication node, and the information may define one of the plurality of tables. For example, a first one of the tables of modulation formats may include a modulation format that is omitted from a second of the tables of modulation formats.

The information may define at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and/or an error vector magnitude (EVM) of a transmitter of the second communication node.

Receiving the information may include receiving the information through physical layer signaling, higher layer signaling, and/or a downlink control channel.

The first communication node may include a wireless device, and the second communication device may include a network node. In an alternative, the first

communication node may be a network node, and the second communication device may be a wireless device.

According to some embodiments of inventive concepts, a first communication node may include a transceiver configured to provide wireless communications with a second communication node, and a processor coupled with the transceiver. The processor may be configured to receive information from the second communication node regarding a transport format to be reported from the first communication node to the second communication node. The processor may be further configured to select a transport format to be reported to the second communication node based on the information regarding the transport format. According to some embodiments of inventive concepts, a first communication node may support communication with a second communication node. The first communication node may be adapted to receive information from the second communication node (BS) regarding a transport format to be reported from the first communication node to the second communication node. The first communication node may be further adapted to select a transport format to be reported to the second communication node based on the information regarding the transport format.

According to some embodiments of inventive concepts, a first communication node may support communication with a second communication node. The first communication node may include a receiving module configured to receive information from the second communication node regarding a transport format to be reported from the first

communication node to the second communication node. The first communication node may further include a selecting module configured to select a transport format to be reported to the second communication node based on the information regarding the transport format.

According to some embodiments of inventive concepts, methods and apparatuses may facilitate a low complexity adaptive wireless communication system which can meet current 3 GPP standard requirements for EVM while at the same time reducing complexity for mass/bulk deployment of LTE-LAA or unlicensed LTE or future systems at spectrums higher than 6 GHz systems. Multiple embodiments are described that may be implemented in the network node (transmitter) and at the terminal node (receiver) and may be summarized as:

A method in a first radio node including:

o Determining an ACLR range in the first radio node;

o Deciding an EVM value based on the ACLR;

o Determining based on the determined EVM, a transport format/formats (e.g., modulation format or order, coding rate, coding scheme transport block size, etc.) that can be supported and/or that cannot be supported by the first radio node to transmit radio signals; and

o Communicating or transmitting information related to the determined transport format to a second radio node.

• A method in the second node including:

o Receiving from a first radio node information about a transport format/formats (e.g., modulation format or order, coding rate, coding scheme transport block size, etc.), that is/are supported and/or not supported by the first radio node for transmitting radio signals; o Performing at least one of the following radio operations:

□ Scheduling the first radio node using a transport format that takes into consideration the received information about the transport format;

□ Computing or determining the CSI for radio signals transmitted by the first radio node by taking into consideration the received information about the transport format; and

□ Communicating the computed or the determined CSI to the first radio node.

Advantages of some embodiments may include facilitating a low cost implementation of LTE-LAA or unlicensed LTE or 3 GPP systems beyond 6 GHz products without significantly reducing the user throughput, while at the same time meeting the current 3 GPP EVM requirements. Additionally, power consumption at the radio node (e.g., BS) may be reduced due to overall reduction in processing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate certain non-limiting embodiments of inventive concepts. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example message sequence between an eNodeB and a UE;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an adaptive wireless communication system;

FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating AM/ AM performance of a power amplifier;

FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating power spectral density with a realistic power amplifier

(PA);

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of conventional digital pre-distortion (DPD) technique compensating for nonlinear effects of a PA;

FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating power spectral density with realistic PA and DPD;

FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating a dependence of ACLR and EVM for a 5 GHZ power amplifier for LTE-LAA;

FIG. 8 is a flow diagram for a network node in accordance with some embodiments of present inventive concepts;

FI G. 9 is a bitmap of modulation formats in accordance with some embodiments of present inventive concepts; FIG. 10 is a diagram of a message sequence with higher layer signaling in accordance with some embodiments of present inventive concepts;

FIG. 1 1 is a diagram of a message sequence with physical layer signaling in accordance with some embodiments of present inventive concepts;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a wireless network in accordance with some embodiments of present inventive concepts;

FIG. 13 is a diagram of a wireless device in accordance with some embodiments of present inventive concepts;

FIG. 14 is a diagram of a network node in accordance with some embodiments of present inventive concepts;

FIG. 15 provides Table 1 for an EVM requirement of a current 3 GPP standard;

FIG. 16 provides Table 2 which is a 4-bit CQI table;

FIG. 17 provides Table 3 which is a 4-bit CQI table 1 (Omitting 256 QAM);

FIG. 18 provides Table 4 which is a 4-bit CQI table 2 (Including 256 QAM);

FIG. 19 provides Table 5 which is a pre-configured table for choosing the CQI table;

FIG. 20 is a flow chart illustrating base station operations in accordance with some embodiments of present inventive concepts;

FIG. 21 is a block diagram illustrating modules of memory of a base station according to some embodiments of inventive concepts;

FIG. 22 is a flow chart illustrating wireless terminal operations in accordance with some embodiments of present inventive concepts; and

FIG. 23 is a block diagram illustrating modules of memory of a wireless device according to some embodiments of inventive concepts.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Inventive concepts will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which examples of embodiments of inventive concepts are shown. Inventive concepts may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of inventive concepts to those skilled in the art. It should also be noted that these embodiments are not mutually exclusive. Components from one embodiment may be tacitly assumed to be present/used in another embodiment. For purposes of illustration and explanation only, these and other embodiments of inventive concepts are described herein in the context of operating in a RAN (Radio Access Network) that communicates over radio communication channels with wireless devices (also referred to as UEs or wireless terminals). It will be understood, however, that inventive concepts are not limited to such embodiments and may be embodied generally in any type of communication network. As used herein, a legacy or non-legacy wireless device (also referred to as a UE, wireless terminal, user equipment node, mobile terminal, etc.) can include any device that receives data from and/or transmits data to a communication network, and may include, but is not limited to, a mobile telephone ("cellular" telephone),

laptop/portable computer, pocket computer, hand-held computer, an M2M device, loT (Internet of Things) device, and/or desktop computer.

Note that although terminology from 3 GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) LTE (Long Term Evolution) has been used in this disclosure to provide examples of embodiments of inventive concepts, this should not be seen as limiting the scope of inventive concepts to only the aforementioned system. Other wireless systems, including WCDMA, WiMax, UMB and GSM, may also benefit from exploiting ideas/concepts covered within this disclosure.

Also, note that terminology such as eNodeB (also referred to as a base station, eNB, etc.) and UE (also referred to as a wireless device, wireless terminal, mobile terminal, etc.) should be considered non-limiting.

Note that terminology such as base station, NodeB or eNodeB and UE should be considering non-limiting and does in particular not imply a certain hierarchical relation between the two. In general, "NodeB" could be considered as device 1 and "UE" as device 2, and these two devices may communicate with each other over some radio channel. A generic term network node is used in some embodiments. The network node can be a base station, access point, NodeB, eNodeB, etc. A generic term wireless device is used in some embodiments. The wireless device can be any type of UE (User Equipment or User

Equipment node) such as a device-to-device (D2D) UE, a machine-type-communication (MTC) UE, etc. Yet another generic term, radio node, may be used in some embodiments. A radio node may be a network node or a wireless device.

In some embodiments, several radio nodes may be used (e.g., first radio node, second radio node, third radio node, etc.). The first radio node transmits signals to the second radio node. For example, the first and the second radio nodes can be a base station and a UE respectively, or vice versa. The third radio node may be neighboring or connected to the second radio node. The DL signals which can be transmitted by the first radio node (e.g., base station) can be any of DL physical signals and/or DL physical channels. Examples of DL physical signals in LTE include Reference Signals (RS), Multi-Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) RS, Demodulation Reference Signals ( MRS), Primary Synchronization Signals (PSS), Secondary Synchronization Signals (SSS), Cell-Specific Reference Signals (CRS), Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS), and Positioning Reference Signals (PRS). Examples of DownLink (DL ) physical channels in LTE include a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), a Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH), a Physical Hybrid-ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH), and/or an Enhanced Physical Downlink Control Channel (EPDCCH).

The UpLink (UL) signals which can be transmitted by the first radio node (e.g., UE) can be any of UL physical signals and/or UL physical channels. Examples of UL physical signals in LTE include Demodulation Reference Signals (DMRS) and Sounding Reference Signals (SRS). Examples of UL physical channels in LTE include a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH).

The term transport format may include at least one or more of: modulation format, coding rate, coding scheme transport block size, number of transport blocks within a transport channel, etc. Modulation format may also be interchangeably referred to as modulation order, modulation type, etc. Modulation format may also be represented by a pre-defined modulation index or identifier of modulation. Examples of coding schemes include convolutional coding, turbo coding, etc. Examples of code rates include 1/2, 1/3, 3/4, etc. Examples of modulation format include Binary Phase-Shift Keying (BPSK), Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK), 8 phase-shift keying (8-PSK), 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16QAM), 64 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (64QAM), 256 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (256QAM), 512 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (512QAM), 1024 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (1024QAM), 2048 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (2048QAM), etc.

In some embodiments, the first radio node is a radio network node (e.g., eNodeB, BS), and the second radio node is a UE.

In some embodiments, the first radio node is a UE, and the second radio node is a radio network node (e.g., eNodeB, BS).

In some embodiments, the first radio node is a first UE (also referred to as a first D2D UE) and the second radio node is a second UE (also referred to as a second D2D UE). The first and the second UEs may communicate with each other using direct or peer-to-peer communication on a radio link called a sidelink. Direct communication between UEs may also be interchangeably referred to as D2D operation, D2D communication, D2D discovery, proximit service (ProSe), etc.

In embodiments where only the first radio node and the second radio node are involved (or in other words the first radio node and the third radio node are the same), the first radio node may perform the following operations:

determine the ACLR of the first radio node;

determine the Tx EVM value of the first radio node based on the determined ACLR; determine based on the determined Tx EVM, the transport format (e.g., modulation format or order, coding rate, coding scheme, transport block size, etc.) for transmitting signals by the first radio that can be supported by the first radio node; and

signal the information about the determined transport format to the second radio node.

In some embodiments where the first radio node and the third radio node are the same and both first and third radio nodes are base stations (such as eNodeBs), the base station (BS) may perform the following:

determine the ACLR of the BS;

determine the Tx EVM value of the BS based on the determined ACLR;

determine based on the determined Tx EVM, the transport format (e.g., modulation format or order, coding rate, coding scheme transport block size, etc.) for transmitting signals by the BS that can be supported by the BS; and

signal the information about the determined transport format to the UE.

Also in some embodiments, the first radio node and the third radio node may be the same and both radio nodes may be UEs, in which case, the UE configures Tx modulation quality in the UE and informs this to the base station or to another UE.

In some embodiments where the first radio node is different than a third second radio, the third radio node may perform the following:

obtain information about ACLR of the first radio node;

determine the Tx EVM value of the first radio node based on the obtained information about the ACLR;

determine based on the determined Tx EVM, the transport format (e.g., modulation format or order, coding rate, coding scheme transport block size, etc.) for transmitting signals by the first radio that can be supported by the first radio node; and

signal the information about the determined transport format to the second radio node. For example, in the above embodiments, the third radio node can be a 'separate network node' configuring the UE and/or base station with the modulation format supported by the transmitting radio node (e.g., BS) for transmitting the radio signals. Examples of such a separate network node may include a radio network controller (RNC), a base station controller ( BSC ), etc. For example, in this case the third radio node may communicate with the UE using Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling and with the base station using a network node-BS protocol (e.g., using Node-B Application Part NBAP over lub interface in High-Speed Packet Access HSPA).

Herein, wireless transmissions in the downlink are considered, but embodiments of the present disclosure may be equally applicable in the uplink. Furthermore, embodiments of the present disclosure may apply to any wireless system, such as 5G systems.

Some embodiments of inventive concepts may include one or more of the following: methods at network nodes to communicate a bit map to a UE; methods at a UE to transmit control information with CQI subset restriction; and/or methods at a transmitting node to receive control information when CQI subset restriction is applied.

According to some embodiments of inventive concepts, eNodeB s used in LTE-LAA may be very diverse in use. This implies that in some cases, an eNodeB might use DPD (or some other technique), and in some cases, it might switch off DPD (for variety of reasons such as power saving, complexity, etc.). In these cases (i.e., when the eNodeB operates with a low high ACLR around 30-35 dBc), the EVM may be impacted as shown in Figure 7.

Hence, it may be unable to support higher order modulations (e.g., 256-QAM, 64-QAM, etc.). Hence, in some embodiments, the eNode B may selectively determine whether the UE needs to report CSI which includes higher order modulation formats and communicates this information to the UE. The UE upon receiving the information computes the CSI by taking into consideration only those elements which are allowed by the eNodeB.

Figure 8 illustrates operations performed at the first network node (e.g., a base station, eNodeB, etc.) according to some embodiments of inventive concepts to decide about the allowed modulation formats. The transmitting first radio node (e.g., base station or eNodeB) first computes the EVM of the transmission chain (before the antenna port) at block 801 to decide about the allowed modulation formats which can be used by the first radio node to transmit signals (e.g., modulation format for transmitting PDSCH in DL). There are many techniques to estimate the EVM at the transmission node. For example, two techniques are discussed herein. However, other techniques of measuring the EVM are contemplated and are within the scope of the present disclosure. According to some embodiments. EVM may be measured at the transmitter.

EVM represents impairments due to the RF front-end. so it is possible that the transmitter EVM is measured at the output of the transmitter RF front end. According to this method, the EVM of the RF signal may be measured by some additional circuitry/algorithm and by measuring the error in the signal constellation. Alternatively, the measurement of the EVM can be based on a measurement on the baseband signal, and the EVM at the output of the RF chain may be calculated using a model of the RF chain.

In another embodiment where the first radio node is the eNB. the eNB can obtain this information from an eNB product specification (i.e., the EVM value that was disclosed by the vendor with some error margin such as EVM ± AEVM. where AEVM is the margin in EVM (%) considered for the eNB). This value can be stored in the eNB and retrieved by the eNB from its memory when required.

In another embodiment where the first radio node is the UE, the UE can obtain this information from a UE product specification (i.e., the EVM value that was disclosed by the vendor with some error margin such as EVM ± AEVM. where AEVM is the margin in EVM (%) considered for the UE). This value can be stored in the UE and retrieved by the UE from its memory when required.

In yet another embodiment, the first radio node may determine the current or average value of EVM experienced by the first radio node. This can be done by measuring the EVM for signals transmitted by the first radio node (e.g., one or more subframes or slots).

According to some embodiments, EVM may be estimated based on ACLR

measurements.

EVM and adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) are both products of the RF impairments, one being the in-band intermodulation (EVM) and the other being the out-of- band intermodulation (ACLR). Therefore, it should be possible to estimate EVM from ACLR and vice versa. Currently, ACLR may be known (e.g., using additional circuitry or spectrometer) and used as a metric to measure out of band emissions.

ACLR can be determined based on eNB product declaration, where the ACLR performance value is declared. In this case, the ACLR value can be stored in the eNB memory and retrieved from the eNB memory when required. Similarly, when the first radio node is the UE, the ACLR can be determined based on UE product declaration, where the ACLR performance figure is declared. The ACLR value can also be stored in UE memory and retrieved from the UE memory when required. In yet another example, the first radio node may determine the current or average value of ACLR experienced by the first radio node. This can be done by measuring the ACLR for signals transmitted by the first radio node (e.g., averaged over one or more subframes or slots).

According to this method, the EVM may be estimated from the ACLR using a fixed mapping in the network node or the terminal. The mapping can be, for example, in the form of a lookup table, etc. For example, Figure 7 shows an example of the dependence of ACLR vs EVM.

Once the EVM value is computed/determined, the transmitting radio node decides which modulation formats should be allowed such that the UE can report a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) on any one of the indices at block 803.

If the EVM value is less than say 5%, for example, then it may decide to allow the UE to report the modulation indices corresponding to 64-QAM, 16-QAM, and QPSK. This corresponds to the indices 0-1 1 in the CQI table as defined in the standard as shown in Table 2 of FIG. 16 (4-bit CQI Table). In this case the determined transport format may include at least the modulation format. The transmitting node may then communicate the allowed modulation formats or unsupported modulation format at block 805.

Example embodiment 1 : A method in a transmission node of choosing modulation formats from a set of a pre-defined table of modulation formats to communicate to the receiving node so that the receiving node selects one of these formats for CSI reporting.

Example embodiment 2: The method as in embodiment 1, where the method is based on measuring the EVM of the transmission node.

Example embodiment 3 : The method as in embodiment 1 , where the method is based on measuring the ACLR of the transmission node.

Note that the network node may communicate this information through a bit map. For example, Figure 9 shows an example of a bit map that may be used according to some embodiments of inventive concepts.

In some other embodiments, the first radio node may be a radio network node (e.g., eNB) that only transmits a 4-bit information block identifying a CQI index corresponding to the maximum MCS level that the first node can support or use for transmitting radio signals (e.g., PDSCH). In this case, the determined transport format may include at least the modulation format and the coding scheme.

In some other embodiments, the first radio node may be a radio network node (e.g., eNB) that transmits a 4-bit information block identifying the CQI index corresponding to which will be the minimum MCS level that the transmission node can support. In this case, the determined transport format may include at least the modulation format and the coding scheme.

In some other embodiments, the transmitting node (i.e., first radio node) can choose one of the CQI tables from a group of pre-defined CQI tables based on the EVM value. It may communicate this decision to the second radio node (i.e., UE) so that the UE will report the CSI from the table recommended by the transmission node. For example, Table 3 (4-bit CQI Table 1) and Table 4 (4-bit CQI Table 2) are provided in FIGs. 17 and 18, respectively, and Tables 3 and 4 show the pre-defined CQI tables as defined in the 3 GPP standard (Release 12). Note that Table 3 consists of only modulations QPSK, 16-QAM and 64-QAM (i.e., omitting 256QAM), while Table 4 consists of all modulation formats (i.e. QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM and 256-QAM).

Example embodiment 4: A method in the transmission node of choosing a CQI table from pre-defined tables (e.g., Tables 3 and 4 of Figures 17 and 18) to communicate to the receiving node so that the receiving node selects one of the indices from the recommended table for CSI reporting.

Example embodiment 5: The method as in embodiment 4, where the method is based on measuring the EVM of the transmission node.

Example embodiment 6: The method as in embodiment 4, where the method is based on measuring the ACLR of the transmission node.

In this case, the first radio node (e.g., c B ) can send an index of the CQI table to the receiving node. For example, as shown in Table 5 of Figure 19 (Pre-configured table for choosing the CQI Table), the network may send a bit map index to the receiving node.

The example is shown with a 2-bit map from the network node, but other

embodiments may be implemented using a 1-bit map, a 3-bit map, etc.

In some embodiments where the first radio node is a UE, the UE may determine a maximum or minimum transport format that the UE can use to transmit UL signals (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the UE can also use a pre-defined mapping or lookup table mapping the UE transmitter EVM and the transport format (e.g., modulation type, coding scheme, transport block size, etc). The determined information can be indicated to the second radio node as described below.

Methods may be provided at the first radio node to communicate the selected modulation format to the second radio. Once the first radio node determines which modulation formats are needed for CSI reporting, it communicates this information to the second radio node (e.g., UE).

A first method, for example, may use higher layer signaling.

Figure 10 shows an example of a message sequence chart using higher layer signaling according to some embodiments of inventive concepts assuming that the eNB receives the CSI using a conventional uplink feedback channel. From the pilot or reference signals RS received from the eNB at 1001, the UE computes channel estimates and then computes parameters used for channel state information (CSI) reporting provided via an Uplink Control (or Feedback) Channel ULCh at 1002. The CSI report at 1002, for example, may include a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix index (PMI), rank information (RI), best sub band indices, etc. The CSI report is sent to the eNodeB (eNB) via feedback channel ULCh, e.g.. using either a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCl l ) for periodic CSI reporting or a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) for aperiodic CSI reporting. The eNodeB scheduler uses this information in choosing parameters to schedule this particular UE. The eNodeB sends the scheduling parameters to the UE at 1003 using a downlink control channel DLCh. e.g., a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH ) or an ePDCCH. After this, the actual transfer of data traffic DT may take place from eNodeB to the UE at 1004. At 1005, information regarding modulation formats for CSI may be transmitted using higher layer signaling. Operations 1006, 1007, and 1008 may be performed as discussed above with respect to operations 1002, 1003, and 1004.

A second method may use Physical layer signaling. In this method, the eNode B/Node B sends the selected modulation format using physical layer signaling. This method may be useful because it may reduce latency compared to higher layer signaling. Figure 11 is a message sequence chart showing an example of a method to send the signaling from eNode B using physical layer signaling. From the pilot or reference signals RS received from the eNB at 1 101, the UE computes channel estimates and then computes parameters used for channel state information (CSI) reporting provided via an Uplink Control (or Feedback) Channel ULCh at 1 102. The CSI report at 1102, for example, may include a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix index (PMI), rank information (RI), best sub band indices, etc. The CSI report is sent to the eNodeB (eNB) via feedback channel ULCh, e.g., using either a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) for periodic CSI reporting or a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) for aperiodic CSI reporting. The eNodeB scheduler uses this information in choosing parameters to schedule this particular UE. The eNodeB sends the scheduling parameters to the UE at 1103 using a downlink control channel DLCh, e.g., a Physical Downlink Control Channel ( PDCCH ) or an ePDCCH. After this, the actual transfer of data traffic DT may take place from eNodeB to the UE at 1 104. At 1 105, information regarding modulation formats for CSI may be transmitted using downlink physical layer signaling. Operations 1 106, 1 107, and 1108 may be performed as discussed above with respect to operations 1 102, 1 103, and 1 104.

In some embodiments, the network sends the information in dedicated fields in the downlink control channel. In other embodiments, the network node may use some unused combinations in the downlink control channel to indicate the selected modulation format or the CQI table.

Example embodiment 7: A method in the transmission node according to the embodiments 1 -3, where the first node communicates to the second node through higher layer signaling.

Example embodiment 8: A method in the transmission node according to the embodiments 1-3, where the first node communicates to the second node through physical layer signaling.

Example embodiment 9: A method in the transmission node according to the embodiments 1 -3, where the first node communicates to the second node through dedicated fields in the downlink control channel.

Example embodiment 10: A method in the transmission node according to the embodiments 1-3, where the first node communicates to the second node through unused combinations in the downlink control channel.

Example embodiment 1 1 : A method in the transmission node according to the embodiments 4-6, where the first node communicates to the second node through higher layer signaling.

Example embodiment 12: A method in the transmission node according to the embodiments 4-6, where the first node communicates to the second node through physical layer signaling.

Example embodiment 13: A method in the transmission node according to the embodiments 4-6, where the first node communicates to the second node through dedicated fields in the downlink control channel.

Example embodiment 14: A method in the transmission node according to the embodiments 4-6, where the first node communicates to the second node through unused combinations in the downlink control channel. According to some embodiments, methods may be provided in second radio node to report channel state information.

The second radio node or the receiving node after receiving the signaling about the transport format or the CQI table from the first radio node may choose the a CQI (e.g., a best CQI) from those modulation formats as specified by the first radio node.

In some other embodiments, the second radio node may choose the CQI table as specified by the first radio node for reporting CSI.

In still other embodiments, the second radio node may autonomously choose the transport format (e.g., modulation formats) from a subset of all available formats. For example, if the UE is configured in unlicensed band, then it can report the CQI on the licensed band as in a conventional method (i.e., considering all the transport (e.g.

modulation) formats), while for the unlicensed band it will choose only the transport formats corresponding to or consisting of any of QPSK, 16-QAM and 64-QAM or only a subset of modulations (for example, leaving all higher order modulation formats).

In still other embodiments, the second radio node can combine the receive EVM together with transmit EVM from the first node and determine a CQI (e.g., a best CQI) based on this information.

According to some embodiments, methods may be provided in a second radio node to adapt scheduling based on received transport format.

In such embodiments, the second radio node (e.g., eNB), upon receiving the recommended transport format that can be used to transmit signals by the first radio node, may adapt the scheduling of signals to be transmitted by the first radio node. For example, if the first radio node can only use 16QAM and a coding rate of 1/3 to transmit radio signals, then the second radio node will take into account the received information when scheduling the first radio node for transmitting signals. For example, the second radio node may allocate the first radio node with a transport format which does not exceed the transport format recommended by the first radio node (e.g., allocates QPSK or 16QAM and code rate of 1/3 or lower). This may be particularly useful for uplink data transmission, where the first radio node is the UE and the second radio node is the eNodeB.

Methods disclosed herein may be implemented via a computer program/programs executed by a hardware and/or software processor. The computer program may include instructions stored in memory on the eNB and/or the UE. In some embodiments, the instructions are operable, when executed by a processor, to determine the ACLR range in the first radio node; decide the EVM value based on the ACLR; determine based on the determined EVM, a transport format (e.g., modulation format or order, coding rate, coding scheme, transport block size, etc.) that can be supported and/or that cannot be supported by the first radio node to transmit radio signals; and communicate or transmit information related to the determined transport format to a second radio node.

In some embodiments, the instructions may be operable, when executed by a processor, to receive from a first radio node information about a transport format (e.g., modulation format or order, coding rate, coding scheme, transport block size, etc.), that are supported and/or not supported by the first radio node to transmit radio signals; perform at least one of the following radio operations: schedule the first radio node using a transport format that takes into consideration the received information about the transport format; compute or determine the CSI for radio signals transmitted by the first radio node by taking into consideration the received information about the transport format; and/or communicate the computed or the determined CSI to the first radio node.

Although the described embodiments/solutions may be implemented in any appropriate type of telecommunication system supporting any suitable communication standards and using any suitable components, particular embodiments of the described embodiments/solutions may be implemented in an LTE network, such as that illustrated in FIG. 12.

As shown in FIG. 12, the example network may include one or more instances of wireless communication devices (e.g., conventional user equipment (UEs), machine type communication (MTC) / machine-to-machine (M2M) UEs, UEs that support carrier aggregation, UEs that support dual connectivity, etc.) indicated as UE1 and UE2 and one or more radio access nodes (e.g., cNodcBs or other base stations) indicated as BS1, BS2, and BS3 capable of communicating with these wireless communication devices along with any additional elements suitable to support communication between wireless communication devices or between a wireless communication device and another communication device (such as a landline telephone). Although the illustrated wireless communication devices may represent communication devices that include any suitable combination of hardware and/or software, these wireless communication devices may, in some embodiments, represent devices such as the example wireless communication device illustrated in greater detail by FIG. 13. Similarly, although the illustrated radio access nodes may represent network nodes that include any suitable combination of hardware and/or software, these nodes may, in particular embodiments, represent devices such as the example radio access node illustrated in greater detail by FIG. 14. As shown in FIG. 13, an example of a wireless communication device may include processor 1301, memory 1303, transceiver 1305, antenna 1307, and user interface 1309 (e.g., including a touch screen interface ). In particular embodiments, some or all of the

functionality described above as being provided by IJEs. M I C or M2M devices, and/or any other types of wireless communication devices may be provided by device processor 1301 executing instructions stored on a computer-readable medium, such as memory 1303 shown in FIG. 13. Alternative embodiments of the wireless communication device may include additional components beyond those shown in FIG. 13 that may be responsible for providing certain aspects of the device's functionality, including any of the functionality described above and/or any functionality useful/necessary to support embodiments/solutions described above.

As shown in FIG. 14, the example radio access node (e.g., eNodeB) may include processor 1401, memory 1405, transceiver 1403, network interface 1407, and antenna 1409. In particular embodiments, some or all of the functionality described above as being provided by a base station, a node B (NodeB), an enhanced node B (eNodeB or eNB), and/or any other type of network node may be provided by node processor 1401 executing instructions stored on a computer-readable medium, such as memory 1405 shown in FIG. 14. Alternative embodiments of the radio access node may include additional components providing additional functionality, including any of the functionality identified above and/or any functionality useful/necessary to support the solution described above.

Operations of a first communication node (e.g., a base station BS) will now be discussed with reference to the flow chart of Figure 20 and the modules of Figure 21. For example, modules of Figure 21 may be stored in base station memory 1405, and these modules may provide instructions so that when the instructions are executed by base station processor 1401, base station processor 1401 performs respective operations of the flow chart of Figure 20.

At operation 2001, processor 1401 of a first communication node (such as a base station BS) may obtain (e.g., using instructions of obtaining module 2101) at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and/or an error vector magnitude (EVM) of a transmitter (included in transceiver 1403) used for transmission to a second communication node (such as a wireless device UE). At operation 2003, processor 1401 may initiate communication of information to the second communication node (e.g., using instructions of initiating module 2103) to support selection of a transport format at the second

communication node based on at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM. According to some embodiments, obtaining at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM at operation 2001 may include determining the ACLR for the transmitter and determining the EVM for the transmitter based on the ACLR, and initiating communication at operation 2003 may include initiating communication based on the EVM and/or ACLR. For example, the ACLR may be obtained/determined by measuring the ACLR of the transmitter, and/or obtaining the EVM may include measuring the EVM of the transmitter. Moreover, the EVM may be a transmission EVM f the transmitter.

According to some embodiments, the information of operation 2003 may include an identification of allowed and/or unsupported modulation formats based on the EVM of the transmitter.

According to some embodiments, a plurality of modulation formats may be defined for channel state information (CSI) feedback from the second communication device, and the information of operation 2003 may define a subset of the plurality of modulation formats. For example, the information of operation 2003 may include a bit map with one bit corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation formats.

According to some embodiments, a plurality of tables of modulation formats may be defined for channel state information (CSI) feedback from the second communication device (UE), and the information of operation 2003 may define one of the pluralities of tables. For example, a first of the tables of modulation formats may include a modulation format that is omitted from a second of the tables of modulation formats.

According to some embodiments, the information may include information defining at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM of the transmitter included in transceiver 1403.

According to some embodiments, initiating communication at operation 2003 may include initiating communication of the information through physical layer signaling, through higher layer signaling, and/or through a downlink control channel.

According to some embodiments, the first communication node may be a network node, and the second communication node may be a wireless device UE. The first communication node, for example, may be a radio network node including the transmitter used for transmission to the second communication node, or the first communication node may be separate from a radio network node including the transmitter. Moreover, initiating communication at operation 2003 may include transmitting the information through the transmitter (included in transceiver 1403) to the wireless device UE. According to such embodiments, modules of Figure 21 may be stored in base station memory 1405, and these modules may provide instructions so that when the instructions are executed by base station processor 1401, base station processor 1401 performs respective operations of the flow chart of Figure 20.

According to some other embodiments, operations of Figure 20 may be performed by a first communication node that is a wireless device UE, with the second communication node being a network node so that the ACLR and/or EVM relate to a transmitter of the wireless device, and so that the information of operation 2003 is transmitted from the wireless device to a network node. According to such embodiments, modules of Figure 21 may be stored in wireless device memory 1303, and these modules may provide instructions so that when the instructions are executed by wireless device processor 1301, wireless device processor 1301 performs respective operations of the flow chart of Figure 20.

Operations of a first communication node (e.g., a wireless device UE) will now be discussed with reference to the flow chart of Figure 22 and the modules of Figure 23. For example, modules of Figure 23 may be stored in wireless device UE memory 1303, and these modules may provide instructions so that when the instructions are executed by wireless device UE processor 1301, wireless device UE processor 1301 performs respective operations of the flow chart of Figure 22.

At operation 2201, processor 1301 of a first communication node (such as a wireless device UE) may receive information through transceiver 1305 (e.g., using instructions of receiving module 2301) from a second communication node (such as a base station BS) regarding a transport format to be reported from the first communication node to the second communication node. At operation 2203, processor 1301 may select a transport format to be reported to the second communication node (e.g., using instructions of selecting module 2303) based on the information regarding the transport format. At operation 2205, processor 1301 may transmit (through transceiver 1305) an indication of the transport format to the second communication node (e.g., using instructions of transmitting module) responsive to selecting the transport format.

The information of operation 2201 may include an identification of allowed and/or unsupported modulation formats.

According to some embodiments, a plurality of modulation formats may be defined for channel state information (CSI) feedback from the first communication node to the second communication node, and the information may define a subset of the plurality of modulation formats. For example, the information may include a bit map with one bit corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation formats. According to some embodiments, a plurality of tables of modulation formats may be defined for channel state information (CSI) feedback from the first communication node to the second communication node, and the information of operation 2201 may define one of the plurality of tables. For example, a first one of the tables of modulation formats may include a modulation format that is omitted from a second of the tables of modulation formats.

According to some embodiments, the information of operation 2201 may define at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and/or an error vector magnitude (EVM) of a transmitter of the second communication node (e.g., included in

transceiver! 403).

Receiving the information at operation 2201 may include receiving the information through physical layer signaling, higher layer signaling, and/or a downlink control channel.

According to some embodiments, operations of Figure 22 may be performed by a first communication node that is a wireless device UE, with the second communication device being a network node (such as a base station BS). According to such embodiments, modules of Figure 23 may be stored in wireless device memory 1303, and these modules may provide instructions so that when the instructions are executed by wireless device processor 1301, wireless device processor 1301 performs respective operations of the flow chart of Figure 22.

According to some other embodiments, operations of Figure 22 may be performed by a first communication node that is a network node (such as a base station BS), with the second communication device being a wireless device UE. According to such embodiments, modules of Figure 21 may be stored in base station memory 1405, and these modules may provide instructions so that when the instructions are executed by base station processor 1401, base station processor 1401 performs respective operations of the flow chart of Figure

22.

Abbreviations:

MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output

Tx Transmitter

UE User Equipment

TTI Transmit Time Interval

BS Base Station

eNB Evolved Node B, base station

E-UTRAN Evolved universal terrestrial radio access network

E-UTRA Evolved universal terrestrial radio access FDD Frequency Division Duplex

E-UTRA. FDD E-UTRA frequency division duplex

TDD Time Division Duplex

E-UTRA TDD E-UTRA time division duplex

L I E Long term evolution

RAT Radio Access Technology

TDD Time division duplex

WLAN Wireless Local Area Network

DL Downlink

SINR Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio

DPI) Digital Pre-Distortion

IM Inter modulation

Further Definitions:

When an element is referred to as being "connected", "coupled", "responsive", or variants thereof to another element, it can be directly connected, coupled, or responsive to the other element or one or more intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected", "directly coupled", "directly responsive", or variants thereof to another element, there are no intervening elements present. Like numbers refer to like nodes/elements throughout. Furthermore, "coupled", "connected", "responsive", or variants thereof as used herein may include wirelessly coupled, connected, or responsive. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Well-known functions or constructions may not be described in detail for brevity and/or clarity. The term "and/or", abbreviated "/", includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

As used herein, the terms "comprise", "comprising", "comprises", "include",

"including", "includes", "have", "has", "having", or variants thereof are open-ended, and include one or more stated features, integers, nodes, steps, components or functions but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, nodes, steps, components, functions or groups thereof. Furthermore, as used herein, the common abbreviation "e.g.", which derives from the Latin phrase "exempli gratia," may be used to introduce or specify a general example or examples of a previously mentioned item, and is not intended to be limiting of such item. The common abbreviation "i.e.", which derives from the Latin phrase "id est.," may be used to specify a particular item from a more general recitation.

It will be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements/operations, these elements/operations should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element/operation from another element/operation. Thus a first element/operation in some embodiments could be termed a second element/operation in other embodiments without departing from the teachings of present inventive concepts. Examples of embodiments of aspects of present inventive concepts explained and illustrated herein include their complimentary counterparts. The same reference numerals or the same reference designators denote the same or similar elements throughout the specification.

Example embodiments are described herein with reference to block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations of computer-implemented methods, apparatus (systems and/or devices) and/or computer program products. It is understood that a block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, can be implemented by computer program instructions that are performed by one or more computer circuits. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor circuit (also referred to as a processor) of a general purpose computer circuit, special purpose computer circuit, and/or other programmable data processing circuit to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer and/or other programmable data processing apparatus, transform and control transistors, values stored in memory locations, and other hardware components within such circuitry to implement the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks, and thereby create means (functionality) and/or structure for implementing the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block(s).

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a tangible computer- readable medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable medium produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks.

A tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium may include an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, or semiconductor data storage system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples of the computer-readable medium would include the following: a portable computer diskette, a random access memory (RAM) circuit, a read-only memory (ROM) circuit, an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) circuit, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), and a portable digital video disc read-only memory ( DVD/BlueRay).

The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer and/or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer and/or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer- implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps to implement the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks. Accordingly, embodiments of present inventive concepts may be embodied in hardware and/or in software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) that runs on a processor such as a digital signal processor, which may collectively be referred to as "circuitry," "a module" or variants thereof.

It should also be noted that in some alternate implementations, the functions/acts noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the flowcharts. For example, two blocks shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved. Moreover, the functionality of a given block of the flowcharts and/or block diagrams may be separated into multiple blocks and/or the functionality of two or more blocks of the flowcharts and/or block diagrams may be at least partially integrated. Finally, other blocks may be added/inserted between the blocks that are illustrated. Moreover, although some of the diagrams include arrows on communication paths to show a primary direction of communication, it is to be understood that communication may occur in the opposite direction to the depicted arrows.

Many different embodiments have been disclosed herein, in connection with the above description and the drawings. It will be understood that it would be unduly repetitious and obfuscating to literally describe and illustrate every combination and subcombination of these embodiments. Accordingly, the present specification, including the drawings, shall be construed to constitute a complete written description of various example combinations and subcombinations of embodiments and of the manner and process of making and using them, and shall support claims to any such combination or subcombination.

Other network elements, communication devices and/or methods according to embodiments of inventive concepts will be or become apparent to one with skill in the art upon review of the present drawings and description. It is intended that all such additional network elements, devices, and/or methods be included within this description, and be within the scope of the present inventive concepts. Moreover, it is intended that all embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented separately or combined in any way and/or combination.

Claims

Claims:

1. A method of operating a first communication node (BS) supporting

communication with a second communication node (UE), the method comprising:

obtaining (2001) at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio, ACLR, and/or an error vector magnitude, EVM, of a transmitter (1403) used for transmission to the second communication node (UE); and

based on at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM, initiating (2003) communication of information to the second communication node (UE) to support selection of a transport format at the second communication node (UE).

2. The method of Claim 1 wherein obtaining comprises determining the ACLR for the transmitter (1403) and determining the EVM for the transmitter (1403) based on the ACLR, and wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication based on the EVM and/or ACLR.

3. The method of any of Claims 1-2 wherein obtaining the ACLR comprises measuring the ACLR of the transmitter (1403).

4. The method of any of Claims 1-3 wherein obtaining the EVM comprises measuring the EVM of the transmitter (1403).

5. The method of any of Claims 1-4 wherein the information comprises an identification of allowed and/or unsupported modulation formats based on the EVM of the transmitter.

6. The method of any of Claims 1-5 wherein a plurality of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the second communication device (UE), and wherein the information defines a subset of the plurality of modulation formats.

7. The method of Claim 6 wherein the information comprises a bit map with one bit corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation formats.

8. The method of any of Claims 1-5 wherein a plurality of tables of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the second

communication device (UE), and wherein the information defines one of the plurality of tables.

9. The method of Claim 8 wherein a first of the tables of modulation formats includes a modulation format that is omitted from a second of the tables of modulation formats.

10. The method of any of Claims 1-3 wherein the information comprises information defining at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM of the transmitter (1403).

1 1. The method of any of Claims 1-10 wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication of the information through physical layer signaling.

12. The method of any of Claims 1-10 wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication of the information through higher layer signaling.

13. The method of any of Claims 1-10 wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication of the information through a downlink control channel.

14. The method of any of Claims 1-13 wherein the first communication node (BS) comprises a network node, and wherein the second communication node (UE) comprises a wireless device.

15. The method of Claim 14 wherein the network node comprises a radio network node including the transmitter (1403), and wherein initiating communication comprises transmitting the information through the transmitter (1403) to the wireless device (UE).

16. The method of any of Claims 1-13 wherein the first communication node comprises a wireless device, and wherein the second communication node comprises a network node.

17. The method of any of Claims 1-13 wherein the first communication node comprises a first wireless device and the second communication node comprises a second wireless device.

1 8. The method of any of Claims 1-17 wherein the EVM comprises a transmission EVM of the transmitter (1403).

19. A first communication node (BS) comprising:

a transceiver (1403) configured to provide wireless communications with a second communication node (UE); and

a processor (1401) coupled with the transceiver, wherein the processor (1401) is configured to,

obtain at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio, ACL , and/or an error vector magnitude, EVM, of a transmitter of transceiver (1403) used to transmit to the second communication node (UE), and

initiate communication of information through the transceiver (1403) to the second communication node (UE) based on at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM to support selection of a transport format at the second communication node (UE).

20. The first communication node of Claim 19 wherein obtaining comprises determining the ACLR for the transmitter (1403) and determining the EVM for the transmitter (1403) based on the ACLR, and wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication based on the EVM and/or ACLR.

21. The first communication node of any of Claims 19-20 wherein obtaining the ACLR comprises measuring the ACLR of the transmitter (1403).

22. The first communication node of any of Claims 19-21 wherein obtaining the EVM comprises measuring the EVM of the transmitter (1403).

23. The first communication node of any of Claims 19-22 wherein the information comprises an identification of allowed and/or unsupported modulation formats based on the EVM of the transmitter.

24. The first communication node of any of Claims 19-23 wherein a plurality of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the second communication device (UE), and wherein the information defines a subset of the plurality of modulation formats.

25. The first communication node of Claim 24 wherein the information comprises a bit map with one bit corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation formats.

26. The first communication node of any of Claims 19-23 wherein a plurality of tables of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the second communication device (UE), and wherein the information defines one of the plurality of tables.

27. The first communication node of Claim 26 wherein a first of the tables of modulation formats includes a modulation format that is omitted from a second of the tables of modulation formats.

28. The first communication node of any of Claims 19-21 wherein the information comprises information defining at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM of the transmitter (1403).

29. The first communication node of any of Claims 19-28 wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication of the information through physical layer signaling.

30. The first communication node of any of Claims 19-28 wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication of the information through higher layer signaling.

31. The first communication node of any of Claims 19-28 wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication of the information through a downlink control channel.

32. The first communication node of^" any of Claims 19-31 wherein the first communication node (BS) comprises a network node, and wherein the second

communication node (UE) comprises a wireless device.

33. The first communication node of Claim 2 w- herein the network node comprises a radio network node including the transmitter (1403), and wherein initiating communication comprises transmitting the information through the transmitter (1403) to the wireless device (UE).

34. The first communication node of any of Claims 19-31 wherein the first communication node comprises a wireless device, and wherein the second communication node comprises a network node.

35. The first communication node of any of Claims 19-31 wherein the first communication node comprises a first wireless device and the second communication node comprises a second wireless device.

36. The first communication node of any of Claims 19-35 wherein the EVM comprises a transmission EVM of the transmitter (1403).

37. A first communication node (BS) supporting communication with a second communication node (UE), wherein the first communication node (BS) is adapted to:

obtain at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio, ACLR, and/or an error vector magnitude, EVM, of a transmitter of transceiver (1403) used to transmit to the second communication node (UE), and

38. The first communication node of Claim 37 wherein obtaining comprises determining the ACLR for the transmitter (1403) and determining the EVM for the transmitter (1403) based on the ACLR, and wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication based on the EVM and/or ACLR.

39. The first communication node of any of Claims 37-38 wherein obtaining the ACLR comprises measuring the ACLR of the transmitter (1403).

40. The first communication node of any of Claims 37-39 wherein obtaining the EVM comprises measuring the EVM of the transmitter ( 1403 ).

41. The first communication node of any of Claims 37-40 wherein the information comprises an identification of allowed and/or unsupported modulation formats based on the EVM of the transmitter.

42. The first communication node of any of Claims 37-41 wherein a plurality of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the second communication device (UE), and wherein the information defines a subset of the plurality of modulation formats.

43. The first communication node of Claim 42 wherein the information comprises a bit map with one bit corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation formats.

44. The first communication node of any of Claims 37-41 wherein a plurality of tables of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the second communication device (UE), and wherein the information defines one of the plurality of tables.

45. The first communication node of Claim 44 wherein a first of the tables of modulation formats includes a modulation format that is omitted from a second of the tables of modulation formats.

46. The first communication node of any of Claims 37-39 wherein the information comprises information defining at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM of the transmitter (1403).

47. The first communication node of any of Claims 37-46 wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication of the information through physical layer signaling.

48. The first communication node of any of Claims 37-46 wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication of the information through higher layer signaling.

49. The first communication node of any of Claims 37-46 wherein initiating communication comprises initiat ing communication of the information through a downlink control channel.

50. The first communication node of an of Claims 37-49 wherein the first communication node (BS) comprises a network node, and wherein the second

communication node (UE) comprises a wireless device.

51 . The first communication node of Claim 50 wherein the network node comprises a radio network node including the transmitter (1403), and wherein initiating communication comprises transmitting the information through the transmitter (1403) to the wireless device (UE).

52. The first communication node of any of Claims 37-49 herein the first communication node comprises a wireless device, and wherein the second communication node comprises a network node.

53. The first communication node of any of Claims 37-49 wherein the first communication node comprises a first wireless device and the second communication node comprises a second wireless device.

54. The first communication node of any of Claims 37-53 wherein the EVM comprises a transmission EVM of the transmitter (1403).

55. A first communication node (BS) supporting communication with a second communication node (UE), wherein the first communication node (BS) includes:

an obtaining module (2101) configured to obtain at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio, ACLR, and/or an error vector magnitude, EVM, of a transmitter of transceiver (1403) used to transmit to the second communication node (UE), and an initiating module (2103) configured to initiate communication of information through the transceiver (1403) to the second communication node (UE) based on at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM to support selection of a transport format at the second communication node (UE).

56. The first communication node of Claim 55 wherein obtaining comprises determining the ACLR for the transmitter (1403) and determining the EVM for the transmitter (1403) based on the ACLR, and wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication based on the EVM and/or ACLR.

57. The first communication node of any of Claims 55-56 wherein obtaining the ACLR comprises measuring the ACLR of the transmitter (1403).

58. The first communication node of any of Claims 55-57 wherein obtaining the EVM comprises measuring the EVM of the transmitter (1403).

59. The first communication node of any of Claims 55-58 wherein the information comprises an identification of allowed and/or unsupported modulation formats based on the EVM of the transmitter.

60. The first communication node of any of Claims 55-59 wherein a plurality of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the second communication device (UE), and wherein the information defines a subset of the plurality of modulation formats.

61. The first communication node of Claim 60 wherein the information comprises a bit map with one bit corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation formats.

62. The first communication node of any of Claims 55-59 wherein a plurality of tables of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the second communication device (UE), and wherein the information defines one of the plurality of tables.

63. The first communication node of Claim 62 wherein a first of the tables of modulation formats includes a modulation format that is omitted from a second of the tables of modulation formats.

64. The first communication node of any of C laims 55-57 wherein the information comprises information defining at least one of the ACLR and/or the EVM of the transmitter (1403).

65. The first communication node of any of Claims 55-64 wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication of the information through physical layer signaling.

66. The first communication node of any of Claims 55-64 wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication of the information through higher layer signaling.

67. The first communication node of any of Claims 55-64 wherein initiating communication comprises initiating communication of the information through a downlink control channel.

68. The first communication node of any of Claims 55-67 wherein the first communication node (BS) comprises a network node, and wherein the second

communication node (UE) comprises a wireless device.

69. The first communication node of Claim 68 wherein the network node comprises a radio network node including the transmitter (1403), and wherein initiating communication comprises transmitting the information through the transmitter (1403) to the wireless device (UE).

70. The first communication node of any of Claims 55-67 wherein the first communication node comprises a wireless device, and wherein the second communication node comprises a network node.

71. The first communication node of any of Claims 55-67 wherein the first communication node comprises a first wireless device and the second communication node comprises a second wireless device.

72. The first communication node of any of Claims 55-71 wherein the EVM comprises a transmission EVM of the transmitter ( 1403).

73. A method of operating a first communication node (UE) supporting

communication with a second communication node (BS), the method comprising:

receiving (2201) information from the second communication node (BS) regarding a transport format to be reported from the first communication node (UE) to the second communication node (BS); and

selecting (2203) a transport format to be reported to the second communication node (BS) based on the information regarding the transport format.

74. The method of Claim 73 further comprising:

responsive to selecting the transport format, transmitting (2205) an indication of the transport format to the second communication node (BS).

75. The method of any of Claims 73-74 wherein the information comprises an identification of allowed and/or unsupported modulation formats.

76. The method of any of Claims 73-75 wherein a plurality of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the first communication node (UE) to the second communication node (BS), and wherein the information defines a subset of the plurality of modulation formats.

77. The method of Claim 76 wherein the information comprises a bit map with one bit corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation formats.

78. The method of any of Claims 73-75 wherein a plurality of tables of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the first

communication node (UE) to the second communication node (BS), and wherein the information defines one of the plurality of tables.

79. The method of Claim 78 wherein a first one of the tables of modulation formats includes a modulation format that is omitted from a second of the tables of modulation formats.

80. The method of any of Claims 73-74 wherein the information defines at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio, ACLR, and/or an error vector magnitude, EVM, of a transmitter (1403) of the second communication node (BS).

81. The method of any of Claims 73-80 wherein receiving the information comprises receiving the information through physical layer signaling, higher layer signaling, and/or a downlink control channel.

82. The method of any of Claims 73-81 wherein the first communication node comprises a wireless device, and wherein the second communication device comprises a _, network node.

83. The method of any of Claims 73-81 wherein the first communication node comprises a first wireless device and the second communication node comprises a second wireless device.

84. The method of any of Claims 73-83 wherein the first communication node comprises a network node, and wherein the second communication device comprises a wireless device.

85. A first communication node (UE) comprising:

a transceiver (1305) configured to provide wireless communications with a second communication node (BS); and

a processor (1301) coupled with the transceiver (1305), wherein the processor (1301) is configured to,

receive information from the second communication node (BS) regarding a transport format to be reported from the first communication node (UE) to the second communication node (BS); and select a transport format to be reported to the second communication node (BS) based on the information regarding the transport format.

86. The first communication node of Claim 85 further comprising:

87. The first communication node of any of Claims 85-86 wherein the information comprises an identification of allowed and/or unsupported modulation formats.

88. The first communication node of any of Claims 85-87 wherein a plurality of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the first communication node (UE) to the second communication node (BS), and wherein the information defines a subset of the plurality of modulation formats.

89. The first communication node of Claim 88 wherein the information comprises a bit map with one bit corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation formats.

90. The first communication node of any of Claims 85-87 wherein a plurality of tables of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the first communication node (UE) to the second communication node (BS), and wherein the information defines one of the plurality of tables.

91. The first communication node of Claim 90 wherein a first one of the tables of modulation formats includes a modulation format that is omitted from a second of the tables of modulation formats.

92. The first communication node of any of Claims 85-86 wherein the information defines at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio, ACLR . and/or an error vector magnitude, EVM, of a transmitter (1403) of the second communication node (BS).

93. The first communication node of any of Claims 85-92 wherein receiving the information comprises receiving the information through physical layer signaling, higher layer signaling, and/or a downlink control channel.

94. The first communication node of any of Claims 85-93 wherein the first communication node comprises a wireless device, and wherein the second communication device comprises a network node.

95. The first communication node of any of Claims 85-93 wherein the first communication node comprises a network node, and wherein the second communication device comprises a wireless device.

96. The first communication node of any of Claims 85-93 wherein the first communication node comprises a first wireless device and the second communication node comprises a second wireless device.

97. A first communication node (UE) supporting communication with a second communication node (BS), wherein the first communication node (UE) is adapted to:

receive information from the second communication node (BS) regarding a transport format to be reported from the first communication node (UE) to the second communication node (BS); and

select a transport format to be reported to the second communication node (BS) based on the information regarding the transport format.

98. The first communication node of Claim 97 further comprising:

99. The first communication node of any of Claims 97-98 wherein the information comprises an identification of allowed and/or unsupported modulation formats.

100. The first communication node of any of Claims 97-99 wherein a plurality of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the first communication node (UE) to the second communication node (BS), and wherein the information defines a subset of the plurality of modulation formats.

101. The first communication node of Claim 100 wherein the information comprises a bit map with one bit corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation formats.

102. The first communication node of any of Claims 97-99 wherein a plurality of tables of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the first communication node (UE) to the second communication node (BS). and wherein the information defines one of the plurality of tables.

103. The first communication node of Claim 102 wherein a first one of the tables of modulation formats includes a modulation format that is omitted from a second of the tables of modulation formats.

104. The first communication node of any of Claims 97-98 wherein the information defines at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio, ACLR, and/or an error vector magnitude, EVM, of a transmitter (1403) of the second communication node (BS).

105. The first communication node of any of Claims 97-104 wherein receiving the information comprises receiving the information through physical layer signaling, higher layer signaling, and/or a downlink control channel.

106. The first communication node of any of Claims 97-105 wherein the first communication node comprises a wireless device, and wherein the second communication device comprises a network node.

107. The first communication node of any of Claims 97-105 wherein the first communication node comprises a network node, and wherein the second communication device comprises a wireless device.

108. The first communication node of any of Claims 97-105 wherein the first communication node comprises a first wireless device and the second communication node comprises a second wireless device.

109. A first communication node (UE) supporting communication with a second communication node (BS), the first communication node (UE) comprising: a receiving module (2301) configured to receive information from the second communication node (BS) regarding a transport format to be reported from the first communication node (UE) to the second communication node (BS); and

a selecting module (2303) configured to select a transport format to be reported to the second communication node (BS) based on the information regarding the transport format.

1 10. The first communication node of Claim 109 further comprising:

1 11. The first communication node of any of Claims 109- 1 10 wherein the information comprises an identification of allowed and/or unsupported modulation formats.

1 12. The first communication node of any of Claims 109-111 wherein a plurality of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the first communication node (UE) to the second communication node (BS), and wherein the information defines a subset of the plurality of modulation formats.

113. The first communication node of Claim 112 wherein the information comprises a bit map with one bit corresponding to each of the plurality of modulation formats.

114. The first communication node of any of Claims 109-111 wherein a plurality of tables of modulation formats are defined for channel state information, CSI, feedback from the first communication node (UE) to the second communication node (BS), and wherein the information defines one of the plurality of tables.

115. The first communication node of Claim 1 14 wherein a first one of the tables of modulation formats includes a modulation format that is omitted from a second of the tables of modulation formats.

116. The first communication node of any of Claims 109-110 wherein the information defines at least one of an adjacent channel leakage ratio, AC ER, and/or an error vector magnitude, EVM, of a transmitter (1403) of the second communication node (BS).

1 17. The first communication node of any of Claims 109-116 wherein receiving the information comprises receiving the information through physical layer signaling, higher layer signaling, and/or a downlink control channel.

1 18. The first communication node of any of Claims 109- 1 17 wherein the first communication node comprises a wireless device, and wherein the second communication device comprises a network node.

1 19. The first communication node of any of Claims 109-117 wherein the first communication node comprises a network node, and wherein the second communication device comprises a wireless device.

120. The first communication node of any of Claims 109-117 wherein the first communication node comprises a first wireless device and the second communication node comprises a second wireless device.